DOCSLIB.ORG

II. CAPITOLO I Gesuiti in Vietnam Ei Primi Documenti

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
II. CAPITOLO I Gesuiti in Vietnam Ei Primi Documenti Tesi di Dottorato in Civiltà, culture e società dell'Asia e dell'Africa, XXVI ciclo Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia Dipartimento Istituto di Studi Orientali - ISO Sapienza - Università di Roma Il Quốc Ngữ : l’origine e l’evoluzione della scrittura romanizzata del Vietnam in tre documenti inediti dell’Archivio Segreto Vaticano Candidata: Nguyen Thi Thu Van Tutor: Prof.ssa Patrizia Dadò Anno Accademico: 2014/2015 Ciclo di dottorato: XXVI I miei più sinceri ringraziamenti alla Prof.ssa Patrizia Dadò che con grande pazienza mi ha guidata in questo viaggio facendo tesoro dei suoi consigli. Al padre Roland Jacques che per primo scoprì e trascrisse i tre documenti, inoltre con la sua passione e la sua cultura mi ha indirizzata e ispirata. Al Prof. Giorgio Casacchia va tutta la mia gratitudine per i suoi preziosi consigli e insegnamenti che mi hanno permesso di dare più valore alla mia ricerca. Ringrazio Sua Eccellenza Mons. Prefetto e il personale dell’Archivio Segreto Vaticano in egual modo sono grata al direttore e al personale dell’Archivum Romanum Societatis Iesu tutti loro hanno saputo ascoltare ed interpretare le mie esigenze, facilitando le mie ricerche Alla mia famiglia e ai miei amici un grazie di cuore per il vostro sostegno e la vostra pazienza. INDICE Introduzione ............................................................................................................................... 1 CAPITOLO I: Il contesto generale 1.1. Il Vietnam alla fine del XVI secolo ................................................................................ 9 1.1.1. Posizione geografica ................................................................................................. 9 1.1.2. Situazione politica .................................................................................................. 13 1.1.3. Situazione sociale ................................................................................................... 15 1.1.4. Situazione linguistica .............................................................................................. 18 1.2. Le relazioni con l’estero ................................................................................................ 22 1.2.1. I primi stranieri in Vietnam .................................................................................... 22 1.2.2. I primi missionari in Vietnam ................................................................................. 24 CAPITOLO II: I gesuiti in Vietnam e i primi documenti linguistici 2.1. Francisco de Pina ....................................................................................................... 30 2.2. Cristoforo Borri ......................................................................................................... 34 2.3. Gaspar do Amaral ...................................................................................................... 40 2.4. Antonio Barbosa ........................................................................................................ 47 2.5. Alexandre de Rhodes ................................................................................................. 47 2.6 Girolamo Maiorica ..................................................................................................... 63 2.7. I manoscritti del XVII secolo .................................................................................... 64 i ne e ine, vescovo di Adran e il dizionario Annamita-Latino ............... 67 2.9. Jean-Louis Taberd, vescovo di Isauropolis e il dizionario Latino-Annamita ............ 70 CAPITOLO III: La lingua vietnamita e la sua evoluzione 3.1 La lingua parlata ............................................................................................................. 78 3.1.1 Il pre-vietnamita ...................................................................................................... 80 3.1.2 Il proto-vietnamita ................................................................................................... 81 3.1.3 Il vietnamita arcaico ................................................................................................ 83 3.1.4 Il vietnamita antico .................................................................................................. 86 3.1.5 Il vietnamita medio .................................................................................................. 89 3.1.6 Il vietnamita moderno .............................................................................................. 90 3.2 Le scritture vietnamite .................................................................................................... 91 3.2.1 La scrittura Hán o Chữ Nho .................................................................................... 93 3.2.2 La scrittura nazionale o Chữ Nôm ........................................................................... 96 3.2.3 La scrittura nazionale o il Quốc Ngữ ..................................................................... 100 CAPITOLO IV: introduzione ai tre documenti nell’Archivio Segreto Vaticano 4.1 I nuovi missionari del XVIII secolo ............................................................................. 106 4.2. Francisco Gil de Federich de Sans .............................................................................. 112 4.3. Mateo Alonso de Leciniana......................................................................................... 114 4.4. Giacinto Castañeda ...................................................................................................... 115 4.5. Vincenzo Liêm della Pace ........................................................................................... 118 CAPITOLO V: I tre documenti inediti dell’Archivio Segreto Vaticano 5.1. Interpretazione dei testi ............................................................................................... 123 5.2. Congregazione dei Riti: Processo n. 3014 .................................................................. 124 5.2.1. Testimonianza del Fratello Giovanni Thụ ............................................................ 126 5.2.2. Il resto della testimonianza del Fratello Giovanni Thụ ........................................ 139 5.2.3. Testimonianza del mandarino Gioacchino Nguyễn Huyễn .................................. 156 5.3. Congregazione dei Riti: Processo n. 3013 .................................................................. 177 5.3.1 Testimonianza di Giu-se Cận ................................................................................ 179 5.3.2. Testimonianza di Gia-cô-bê Thể .......................................................................... 191 5.3.3. Testimonianza di Padre Ni-cu-lao Diễn ............................................................... 202 5.3.4.Testimonianza di Giu-an Thụ (la seconda volta) ................................................... 224 5.4. Congregazione dei Riti: Processo n. 3016 .................................................................. 249 5.4.1. Testimonianza del giovane Nhiên. ........................................................................ 249 5.4.2. Lời chứng thầy Mat-ti-a Vu................................................................................... 261 5.4.3. Lời chứng Bà Oánh ............................................................................................... 280 5.4.4. Lời chứng Bà Tre .................................................................................................. 287 5.4.5. Le ultime due lettere di San Vincenzo Liêm ......................................................... 290 5.4.6. Le ultime due lettere di San Jacinto Gia Castañeda .............................................. 297 CAPITOLO VI: Analisi dei testi 6.1. Aspetti linguistici ........................................................................................................ 302 6.1.1. La sintassi .............................................................................................................. 302 6.1.2. Le congiunzioni ..................................................................................................... 302 6.1.3. Il lessico ................................................................................................................. 305 6.2. La scrittura e la fonetica............................................................................................... 311 6.2.1. Le consonanti ß, u, v ............................................................................................. 311 6.2.2. Le consonanti Bl, Ml, Tl ....................................................................................... 312 6.2.3. Le consonanti finali NG ........................................................................................ 313 6.2.3. Le abbreviazioni. ................................................................................................... 315 6.3. Aspetti sociali .............................................................................................................. 316 6.4. Le lettere dei martiri. ................................................................................................... 320 6.5. Conclusione ................................................................................................................. 322 BIBBLIOGRAFIA ............................................................................................................... 327 Introduzione Il Vietnam è un piccolo paese del Sud est asiatico poco conosciuto nel
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Study in China and Vietnam During the 16Th and 17Th
    2020 ВЕСТНИК САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Т. 36. Вып. 2 ФИЛОСОФИЯ И КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИЯ РЕЛИГИОВЕДЕНИЕ UDC 211.5+266 A comparison of the missionary method and cultural integration of Jesuits: A study in China and Vietnam during the 16th and 17th centuries Truong Anh Thuan, Nguyen Van Sang The University of Danang, Unversity of Science and Education, 459, Ton Duc Thang st., Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam For citation: Truong Anh Thuan, Nguyen Van Sang. A comparison of the missionary method and cultural integration of Jesuits: A study in China and Vietnam during the 16th and 17th centuries. Vest- nik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 407–421. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2020.216 From the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century, under the direction of the archdiocese in Macao (China), Jesuit missionaries set foot in China and Vietnam in turn to preach the Gospel and convert believers in these two countries. The main reason for the success of the Jesuits was the use of appropriate missionary methods and advocating proper cultural integration in each country. However, due to the different paradigm of historical de- velopment in China and Vietnam, and especially due to disagreement about the perception and behavior of indigenous culture among the Jesuits themselves, the process of evangelization in the two countries occurred differently. Based on historical and logical methods, especially the comparative method, this study analyzes and compares the similarities and differences in missionary methods and the advocacy of cultural integration in the two countries mentioned above.
    [Show full text]
  • Thuyết Quốc Ngữ Latin - 1
    Trần Nguyên Đạo Thuyết Quốc Ngữ Latin Trương Vĩnh Ký Huỳnh Tịnh Của Nguyễn Văn Vĩnh Hán Nôm Hán-Việt Việt Thiên Trời Địa Đất Tử Con Diện Mặt Edition Vovinam – Viet Vo Dao France © 70, rue Maréchal Murat - 77.340 Pontault Combault – France Trần Nguyên Đạo [email protected] Premier édition – Novembre 2019 Thuyết Quốc Ngữ Latin - 1 Trần Nguyên Đạo Mục Lục I. Từ chữ Hán đến chữ Việt Latin _______________________________ 3 II. Các Giáo sĩ Kitô giáo người Bồ Đào Nha đến Việt Nam ____________ 5 Nước Mặn và trường Quốc ngữ Latin đầu tiên _________________ 9 III. Giáo sĩ Francisco de Pina người sáng tạo Quốc ngữ Latin giai đoạn 1 (1615–1626) chưa bỏ dấu và theo lối đa âm. ________________________ 11 Kết luận giai đoạn 1(1615-1626) chưa bỏ dấu và cách viết đa âm __ 16 Lược sử Giáo sĩ Francisco de Pina ___________________________ 18 IV. Giáo sĩ Gaspar do Amaral, António de Barbosa và công trình sáng tạo giai đoạn 2 (1626 – 1645) : Bỏ dấu và cách viết đơn âm ______________ 21 Công trình của Giáo sĩ Gaspar do Amaral ____________________ 22 và António de Barbosa ____________________________________ 22 Lược sử Giáo sĩ Gaspar do Amaral __________________________ 25 Lược sử Giáo sĩ António de Barbosa _________________________ 25 V. Công trình đóng góp của Giáo sĩ Alexandre de Rhodes ____________ 27 Lược sử Giáo sĩ Alexandre de Rhodes ________________________ 34 VI. Các công trình đóng góp giai đoạn 3 : Giai đoạn các Giáo sĩ Paris (1762 – 1937). ________________________________________________ 36 Các đóng góp của các Linh mục người Pháp.
    [Show full text]
  • Hàn Mặc Tử 113
    Pham / Hàn Mặc Tử 113 HÀN MẶC TỬ (1912 – 1940): A New Moon for the Season of the New Evangelization in Vietnamese Catholicism Hưng Trung Phạm, SJ Santa Clara University in Berkeley [email protected] Abstract Since its arrival to Vietnam, Catholicism has often been known or accused as either heterodox religion or religion of superstition. Efforts to inculturate the Christian faith into Vietnamese cultures have begun from early missionaries in Vietnam in the early seventeenth century to church leadership in Vietnam today. At the early twentieth century, the poetry of Hàn Mặc Tử (1912 – 1940) has demonstrated a new level of inculturation where the Christian faith no longer remains at the level of “superficial adaptation” but has become a principle that animates, directs, and unifies Vietnamese cultures, transforming and remaking it so as to bring about a new creation. Therefore, Hàn’s works can serve as source of inspiration and example for the New Evangelization in the Vietnamese Catholic Church today. Keywords Inculturation, Vietnamese Catholic Church, Vietnamese literature About the Author Hưng Trung Phạm, a Jesuit priest, currently teaches Ignatian spirituality as an assistant professor at the Jesuit School of Theology of Santa Clara University in Berkeley, California. He was born in Vietnam and immigrated to the United States at the beginning of his high school years. For his Licentiate in Sacred Theology (S.T.L.), he studied the theological themes in Hàn Mặc Tử’s poetry under the mentorship of Prof. Peter Phan of Georgetown University.
    [Show full text]
  • The Two B's in the Vietnamese Dictionary of Alexandre De Rhodes
    The two b’s in the Vietnamese dictionary of Alexandre de Rhodes André-Georges Haudricourt To cite this version: André-Georges Haudricourt. The two b’s in the Vietnamese dictionary of Alexandre de Rhodes. 2018. halshs-01631486v2 HAL Id: halshs-01631486 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01631486v2 Preprint submitted on 16 May 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Non-final version (May 16th, 2018). In preparation for: Haudricourt, André-Georges. Evolution of languages and techniques. (Ed.) Martine Mazaudon, Alexis Michaud & Boyd Michailovsky. (Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] 270). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. The two b’s in the Vietnamese dictionary of Alexandre de Rhodes (1974) Originally published in Vietnamese translation as: Hai Chữ B, trong cuốn từ điển của A-lếch-xan đơ Rốt. Ngôn Ngữ [Linguistics] 4 (1974). Haudricourt’s original French typescript was prepared by Nguyen Phu Phong and published in 2005 as: Les deux b du Dictionarium d’A. de Rhodes, Cahiers d’Etudes Vietnamiennes 18, 65–68. It is the basis of the present translation. translated by Alexis Michaud Abstract [This article, intended for non-specialist Vietnamese readers, begins with a typographical curiosity in the romanized spelling of the famous Dictionarium of Alexandre de Rhodes (1651): the modified ꞗ, indicating the bilabial spirant transcribed [β] by linguists.
    [Show full text]
  • Francesco Buzomi E Francisco De Pina No Vietnam Do Sul: Fragmentos De Um Paradigma Religioso-Cultural Imperial
    Francesco Buzomi e Francisco de Pina no VietNam do Sul: Fragmentos de um paradigma religioso-cultural imperial Regina Célia de Carvalho Pereira da Silva Università degli Studi di Napoli l’Orientale, Itália 175 Babilónia: Revista Lusófona de Línguas, Culturas e Tradução Resumo A presença de missionários em terras de ‘Annam’ remonta aos meados do século XVII, pouco sabemos sobre a acção dos primeiros eu- ropeus que chegarão aquelas terras se bem que, ultimamente, quer Roland Jaques quer Isabel Mourão tenham começado a abrir algumas janelas da história e cultura daquela região do Extremo Oriente. As grandes dificul- dades que viviam as missões jesuítas japonesas estimulavam as autori- dades religiosas de Macau a enviar os missionários para novas regiões. A nossa pesquisa tem como focus a ação incial e isolada de dois jesuítas, um italiano e outro português, que enfrentaram não só adversidades religiosas, culturais, políticas mas souberam ultrapassar a grandíssima dificuldade que constituía o não conhecimento da língua e das tradições quotidianas inerentes àquele povo de tal modo que, ainda hoje, são identificáveis tais características no húmus da convivência diária. A presença de F. Buzomi na província de Pulocambì e aquela de F. de Pina a Cachão representam as raízes da missão cristã e da cultura ocidental no Vietnam, até então sob o domínio do Império Chinês. Palavras-chave. Cochinchina; jesuítas; jurubaça; alfabeto vietnamita; latinização; quốc ngữ. 177 Babilónia: Revista Lusófona de Línguas, Culturas e Tradução Abstract Risale agli albori del secolo XVII, la presenza dei missionari in terre di ‘Annam’. Poco si conosce sull’azione dei primi europei che ivi sono arrivati nonostante, recentemente, Roland Jaques e Isabel Mourão abbi- ano cominciato ad aprire alcune finestre sulla storia e la cultura di quella regione dell’estremo Oriente.
    [Show full text]
  • Hung T. Pham, S.J
    COMPOSING A SACRED SPACE A Les son from the Cathechismus of Alexandre de Rhodes HUNG T. PHAM, S.J. 6800(5 7+(6(0,1$521-(68,763,5,78$/,7< SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 2013 The Seminar is composed of a number of Jesuits appointed from their provinces in the United States. U.S. JESUITS: The Seminar studies topics pertaining to the spiritual doctrine and prac- An annual subscription is provided by provinces of the U.S. Assistancy for tice of Jesuits, especially American Jesuits, and gathers current scholarly U.S. Jesuits living in the United States and U.S Jesuits who are still members studies pertaining to the history and ministries of Jesuits throughout the of a U.S. province but living outside the United States. world. It then disseminates the results through this journal. ALL OTHER SUBSCRIPTIONS: The issues treated may be common also to Jesuits of other regions, other Subscriptions to STUDIES: priests, religious, and laity. Hence, the studies, while meant especially for U.S.: one-year, $20; two years, $38. $PHULFDQ-HVXLWVDUHQRWH[FOXVLYHO\IRUWKHP2WKHUVZKRPD\ÀQGWKHP helpful are cordially welcome to read them at: [email protected]/jesuits . Canada and Mexico: one year, $28; two years, $52 All other destinations: one year, $32; two years, $58 &855(170(0%(562)7+(6(0,1$5 Shay Auerbach, S.J., is pastor of Sacred Heart Parish, Richmond, Va. All payments must be in U.S. funds. (2011) Richard A. Blake, S.J., is chair of the Seminar and editor of STUDIES; he CHANGE OF ADDRESS INFORMATION: WHDFKHVÀOPVWXGLHVDW%RVWRQ&ROOHJH&KHVWQXW+LOO0DVV - Kevin Cullen, S.J., is treasurer and assistant for higher education for dress; you need not do so.
    [Show full text]
  • The Martyrology of the Monastery of the Ascension
    The Martyrology of the Monastery of the Ascension Introduction History of Martyrologies The Martyrology is an official liturgical book of the Catholic Church. The official Latin version of the Martyrology contains a short liturgical service the daily reading of the Martyrology’s list of saints for each day. The oldest surviving martyologies are the lists of martyrs and bishops from the fourth-century Roman Church. The martyrology wrongly attributed to St. Jerome was written in Ital in the second half of the fifth century, but all the surviving versions of it come from Gaul. It is a simple martyrology, which lists the name of the saint and the date and place of death of the saint. Historical martyrologies give a brief history of the saints. In the eighth and ninth centuries, St. Bede, Rhabanus Maurus, and Usuard all wrote historical martyrologies. The Roman Martyrology, based primarily on Usuard’s, was first published in 1583, and the edition of 1584 was made normative in the Roman rite by Gregory XIII. The post-Vatican II revision appeared first in 2001. A revision that corrected typographical errors and added 117 people canonized by Pope John Paul II between 2001 and 2004, appeared in 2005.1 The Purpose and Principles of This Martyology The primary purpose of this martyrology is to provide an historically accurate text for liturgical use at the monastery, where each day after noon prayer it is customary to read the martyrology for the following day. Some things in this martyrology are specific to the Monastery of the Ascension: namesdays of the members of the community, anniversaries of members of the community who have died, a few references to specific events or saints of local interest.
    [Show full text]
  • Revised Study Guide For: First Globalization: the Eurasian Exchange, 1500-1800 (Rowman & Littlefield, 2003) by Geoffrey C
    Revised Study Guide for: First Globalization: The Eurasian Exchange, 1500-1800 (Rowman & Littlefield, 2003) by Geoffrey C. Gunn This study guide offers a brief chapter summary, along with key terms. Additionally, a range of questions are posed to guide and frame further study. A range of Websites is also offered for self- exploration of suggested themes. Contents Introduction Chapter 1: The Discovery Canon Chapter 2: Historical Confabulators and Literary Geographers Chapter 3: Observations on Nature Chapter 4: Catholic Cosmologies Chapter 5: Mapping Eurasia Chapter 6: Enlightenment Views of Asian Governance Chapter 7: Civilizational Encounters Chapter 8: Livelihoods Chapter 9: Language, Power, and Hegemony in European Oriental Studies Chapter 10: A Theory of Global Culturalization Conclusion INTRODUCTION The introduction sets down the major overarching questions raised by this book. It then offers a reflection on current popularized versions of globalization. Distinctions are then drawn between globalization reaching back to ancient empires such as Rome and the globalization spawned by the European discoveries. Further distinctions are made between the conquest of the Americas and the European push into maritime Asia. Then follows a discussion on the various “constructions” of Europe and Asia. But from approximate economic and social equivalence c.1500-1880, as the author explains, East and West came to diverge. The author then explains how the study of Asia in Europe came to offer a privileged but distorted view of Asia. Turning to method, the author explains that the dominant area studies approach to Asia that gained favor after World War II not only fragments but tends to mask the age-old connections and exchanges across the Eurasia landmass.
    [Show full text]
  • Alexandre De Rhodes
    BIBLIOTECA UNIVERSITARIA DI GENOVA – PERCORSI TEMATICI UNIVERSALITAS & PERVASIVITAS IL COSTITUIRSI E DIFFONDERSI DELLA S.J. E SUOI ECHI (1540 - 1773) di A. Pisani Schede autori Attività missionaria Alexandre de Rhodes A missionary and author, born at Avignon, 15 March, 1591; died at Ispahan, Persia, 5 Nov., 1660. He entered the novitiate of the Jesuits at Rome, 24 April, 1612, with the intention of devoting his life to the conversion of the infidels. He was assigned to the missions of the East Indies, and inaugurated his missionary labours in 1624 with great success in Cochin China. In 1627 he proceeded to Tongking where, within the space of three years, he converted 6000 persons, including several bonzes. When in 1630 persecution forced him to leave the country, the newly-made converts continued the work of evangelization. Rhodes was later recalled to Rome where he obtained permission from his superiors to undertake missionary work in Persia. Amidst the numerous activities of a missionary career, he found time for literary productions: “Tunchinensis historiæ libri duo” (Lyons, 1652); “La glorieuse mort d’André, Catéchiste . .” (Paris, 1653); “Catechismus”, published in Latin and in Tongkingese at Rome in 1658. About this page APA citation. Weber, N. (1912). Alexandre De Rhodes. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved July 12, 2012 from New Advent: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13024a.htm MLA citation. Weber, Nicholas. "Alexandre De Rhodes." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 12 Jul. 2012 http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13024a.htm Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Douglas J.
    [Show full text]
  • Glocalization and the Marketing of Christianity in Early Modern Southeast Asia †
    religions Article Glocalization and the Marketing of Christianity in Early Modern Southeast Asia † Barbara Watson Andaya Asian Studies Program, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96825, USA; [email protected] † An earlier version of this paper was published as “The glocalization of Christianity in early modern Southeast Asia.” In Early modern Southeast Asia, 1350-1800. Edited by Ooi Keat Gin and Hoang Anh Tuah. London: Routledge, 2015, pp. 233–49. Academic Editors: Victor Roudometof and Peter Iver Kaufman Received: 5 October 2016; Accepted: 30 December 2016; Published: 10 January 2017 Abstract: The expansion of European commercial interests into Southeast Asia during the early modern period was commonly justified by the biblical injunction to spread Christian teachings, and by the “civilizing” influences it was said to foster. In focusing on areas where Christianity gained a foothold or, in the Philippines and Timor Leste, became the dominant faith, this article invokes the marketing concept of “glocalization”, frequently applied to the sociology of religion. It argues that the historical beginnings of the processes associated with the global/local interface of Christianity are situated in the sixteenth century, when Europe, Asia and the Americas were finally linked through maritime connections. Christian missionizing was undertaken with the assumption that the European-based “brand” of beliefs and practices could be successfully transported to a very different environment. However, the application of these ideas was complicated by the goal of imposing European economic control, by the local resistance thus generated, and by competition with other religions and among Christians themselves. In this often antagonistic environment, the degree to which a global product could be “repackaged” and “glocalized” so that it was appealing to consumers in different cultural environments was always constrained, even among the most sympathetic purveyors.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Vietnamese Language from Globalization and Localization by Võ Kim Hà (Thu Dau Mot University)
    Thu Dau Mot University Journal of Science - Volume 3 - Issue 2-2021 Changes in Vietnamese language from globalization and localization by Võ Kim Hà (Thu Dau Mot University) Article Info: Received 31 Mar. 2021, Accepted 2 June 2021, Available online 15 June 2021 Corresponding author: [email protected] https://doi.org/10.37550/tdmu.EJS/2021.02.204 ABSTRACT The paper demonstrates the role of globalization and localization in the process of Vietnam’s interaction and integration with other cultures, causing changes in Vietnamese language. Globalization is defined as the free movement of goods, services and people of the worldwide scope across the borders of countries, resulted from the opening up of the global economy and advances of technologies. The increasing interconnectedness and integration of the economies of the world furnish more influx of information among countries which do not have anything in common and Internet and social media well contribute to such spread. Not only the pros but the cons of globalization are used to explain the part of localization as the entire process of adapting a product or content to a specific location or market. The paper indicates localization as the Vietnamese people’s endeavor to adapt Vietnamese language to the world while protecting and enhancing the national characters. The differences between localization and globalization are analyzed to demonstrate the value and requirements of localization in the present time. The influences of Sino-Vietnamese and French language are also found out as evidences of the phenomena. The changes of Vietnamese language from globalization and localization are illustrated with devices, ideas and images referring to the objects, actions or ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward a More Profound Reciprocity: the Conversation Between Ignatian Spirituality And
    Toward a More Profound Reciprocity: The Conversation between Ignatian Spirituality and Vietnamese Culture by Quan Minh Tran A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Regis College and the Pastoral Department of the Toronto School of Theology in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Theology awarded by Regis College and the University of Toronto © Copyright by Quan Minh Tran 2016 Toward a More Profound Reciprocity: The Conversation between Ignatian Spirituality and Vietnamese Culture Quan Minh Tran Doctor of Theology Faculty of Regis College and the University of Toronto 2016 Abstract Should we take the Ignatian method of discernment for granted? Should we hold the view that anyone who is willing to go through such a process will be able to discern the way that St. Ignatius describes in his Spiritual Exercises? And when we hear a question such as “Do you discern as an American or a Vietnamese?” should we look at the questioner as if he or she is out of his or her mind? In reality, we at times have a tendency to hold the view that Ignatian discernment may not be influenced by ethnic factors because its focal point is not our ethnicity or even decision-making. Rather, it is about deepening our relationship with God, appreciating the gifts that God has given us, and discovering how we may respond to that love in daily life. Perhaps, because of this mentality, we often think that, despite our cultural differences, we can discern according to the Ignatian method as long as we are willing.
    [Show full text]