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VOL I, No. I I APRIL, 1925

Catholic School Press, Baguio, Mt. Pr.

.., ' &ttered as Second·Class Matter at the Post Office llt Baguio; Mountain. on February 5, 11125 THE LITTLE APOSTLE OF THE MOUNTAIN PROVINCE

The official organ of the Mi.ssionaries of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Scheutveld Fathers)

in the Mo'ILntain Province of the Philippines.

Edited and published monthl:r

Editor ...... Rev. 0. VANDEWALLE. P. 0. Box 1393, Manila. Phil. Is.

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"OLIVER" ~ ~ es el que acude enseguida a la ~ :~:i:~ia y obtiene la prefe- ~

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Head Office:- Manila. Branclzes

ri"'" coc--==--~~~-~-.=-~..,~"""'"""~-==?~~~ 1 ! ~~~~il l ~~:~!!n~~!: ~~m:n·S:)~: , i l "I wish I knew how to use a typewriter. ~ f There are so many times that I could saYe ~ both time and money, but I haven't time to J

}earn now. n ~ They lost their opportunity to learn when I it conld have been clone without any special effort or time. When ? When they g Iwere in school they done a great deal of writing in preparing lessons just as you are ! doing a nd if they had done this writing on a typewriter they would have accom- ~ Iplished two_things at one time, i . e. their lessons and the practice in typeing. ~ THEY LOST THEIR OPPORTUNITY -

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§H:: DE The Beauty in R eligion __ Ha Jfau de R o.7Jden. a All things bright and beautiful 1 tEleuterin Mlinhez All creatures great and small All things w ise and w onderful ~ The Lord God m ade them all. S lH ~ Magallanes 106-108 lntramuros The Beauty in Religion - - - P 2.75 g SMan ila, I. F. Telefeno 3535 Chi-ld HS H Parenthood and a g S ~ urture, b1; Edna Dean :: a Baker. S a" Antigua Botica Ramirez A study of the raising and ed- "M~ ~ (Antes Zobel) ucating of a child from baby- S B hood to eleven years of age. S § Established in 1834 Parenthood and Child Nurture - P3.30 I 8:: 123-125 Calle Real ( lntramoros ) Choosing a Career, by A-f arden 3.8 5 a Tel. No. 425 P. 0. Box 929 w d h H " " 3 85 a E MANILA oman an t e ome . S ~ Stories of the Wagner Opera, b,y a .i Guerber 3.00 § ~ A. GARCIA 8 a ~ ~ PRoCESs ENGRAVER Philippine Education Co., Inc. ~ e 32 Sta. P otendana. Manila, P.I. "4 E lt M ·1 p I " :! Phone 27J5 <> :;co a - J. am a, - ·-· ~

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~======* ======: --.1 ~ ~ ~ ALHAMBRA = I CIGAR & CIGARETTE MF'G. co. I MANILA, P. I. I CIGARILLOS TABACOS I = CAGAYANES CORONAS ~ I ISABELAS EXCELENTES I ENTRE LARGOS ESPECIALES n RoYALEs BELLEzAs j IMPERIALES PRESIDENTES H IH H H H l!: === = * = = # = = * * ======* * * = = == * * * * * =* = =* = •• * * * =. = = = * = __._...) , Resurrection Let Us Rejoice! .... Alleluia! ESL·s is dead ... How He of Jesus are discouraged ... terror ha ;; suffered the last two stri. ken .. . they hide in fear ... dayi;. Beaten , scourged, I ' is Sui day morning. The East crowned with thorns, mocki·d, begins to glow as gold under the laden with a heavy eras>" which he first rays of the rising sun. All of carried 1o Calvary. and from which a sudden the earth quakes. The as a thief and mmderer He was eealed stone of Jesus' tomb falls. suspended for three rours by Alleluia! there He stands, Jesus, ... heavy nails in hands :rnd feet, alive ... glo-ious .. . Jes us, the victim bleeding pale ... How His enemies triumphant ... The armed soldiers the Pharisees triumph, for His fly .. the proud Pharisees are dumb­ heart was pierced, surely He is stricken ... the humble di::ciples dead ... He is buried. His tomb is . again follow the Master: yes, Jesus closed with a heavy stone ; it has had preached the truth. the divine been sealed: the Sanhedrin has trut'.i. His resurrection after His seen to that: Alleluia! convincing death is the divine It is true Jesus had said He proof of it ... Alleluia! ... would come back to life. But the Let Jesus go to heaven .. the victors would prevent tba t: they Apo<>tles will preach the Gospel of have posted guards at the tomb their life-gi' ing Master to all with sword arid spear. Alleluia! nations as He had commanded ... How they rejoice! His work is des­ the Roman Emperors and their troyed... annihilated... their tri­ rntellites may scourge them ... (had umph is complete ... Alleluia! not their Master been scourged A night passes. A second night too?) behead them, crucify them ... sets in. And Jesus still remains (had not their Master been put to lifeless ... the proud Pharisees walk death and come back to a glorious stately and erectly through the life?) the disciple>' do not fear tem­ streets of Jerusalem ... the disciples poral death: such a death for thP 238 faith in Him who gi,-es life to body the Church of Christ persecuted and soul, means a glorious resur­ by the combined forces of hell: rection and eternal life with Him God-!0 ating Governments, godless who is the way, the resurrection instruction, indifference. betrayal a nd the life. New Christians are or e,-en re,·olt of some of Her chil­ born in the blood of the first dis­ dren, antagonism of PYen <; uch ciples, for they heard from the Chmchs which pretend to do the eyewitnesses of Jesus' doctrine, work of Christ. "Crucify H er, to miracles and resurrection , that CalYary with the Catholic Church" God had proved the truth of the they shout, as once the godmur­ new doctrine by the resurrection derers at the palace of Pilate. of Him who established it on earth They may succeed partly in some to give life everlast;ng to all who place::;, but while they c~a im victo­ would embrace it. n, there and then, the Cat holic Neither exile, nor torments, nor C hurch sprin g." up more 'igorous death even can deter the Chris­ and brighter thanever,·even there tians from believing and practising where She is baff.e d , or She con­ the doctrine divinely proved. And quers vaster fields than those She when the Romar, Emperors ·think lost, in countries where Christ \\'a s they stand triumphant aga;nst unknown. Te ver have there been Jesus on the bodies of 10,000,( 00 so many conversions in pagan martyrs slain in less than 300 years, India, in reluctant China, and in only then rises in full glory the dark Africa than today: Alleluia! sun of the Catholic Church, glori­ \Yhen shall the last Pagans of the ous as Her Master on Easter ·' Pearl of the Orient" be conquered Day ... Alleluia, and crumble the .by Christ and sing their Alleluia? temples of false pagan divinitics .. - And, born or reborn into the Alleluia! supernatural life that came from Again and again the enemies of Christ, the children of His Church Christ and His Church try to des­ are brought to the grave in an end­ troy the reign of Christ, for it less procession. Death spares no­ defies their pride and passions. b :idy. But death is not death for But they pass very soon carried those who die with Christ during away by pitiless death to their their life, by mortifying their pas­ own destruction, while the Church sions and live fo r Him by imitating of Christ as on eternal Easter His virtues. No, for such, there is stands firm, triumphant, vigorous, no death; their death means the spreading light and life all over sleep of the just, the sl eep of the world. Jesus had said "He Christ in His grave ... resurrection ... would be with Her all the days the glorious eternal Alleluia! until the end of the world. "Alleluia! Alleluia! Never more so than today was 239 ft:ast of St. Vincent Ferrer, April 5

St. \"incent was born at Valencia that of His own Son: to work for in Spain, in P50. At the age of the conversion of mankind, for the eighteen , he was professed in the glory of God. "Whatever you do," Order of St. Dominic. His love said St. Vincent, think not of for God \1a:o -,:hown in deeds. He yourself, but of God". St.Vincent became a great Apostle, the "Angel fell ill at Vannes in Brittany and of th ':' judgment". ..\.t the sight of received the crown of eternal hap­ the many souls lost forever, he piness a nd glory in 1419. Just went out 10 preach. First he con­ think of the immense divine joys verted tre Jews of Valencia and St. Vincent will receive from the changed their church into a Catho- hands of an all-powerful and infi­ 1ic Church. But this \Yas not nite! :< generous God in hea\·en, enough: like Christ he wanted to for having spent a iew years in save the whole world and, more Hi' service. It i.;; true: the labors than Christ, he preached and of St. Vincent were hard and many. wandered around in search of so '.i!s. But they passed so quickly and so He passed through Switzerland. soon and were not without their France, Italy, England, Ireland, earthly consolation, for, after all, Scotland and his own country, is it not the greatest consolation reforming tens of. thousands of to remember that what one suffer::: sinners. How his zeal must have and does for the Lord will be re­ pleased God. Was it then a wonder warded infinitely and eternally? that God granted him the gift of Do we think of this when an oc­ doing many miracle5? For there casion offers itself to us of avoiding is no work so agreable to Gcd as sin and doing good?

Speak No Ill Nay, speak no ill! a kindly word To prove humanity but base? Can never ·leave a sting behind; No! let us reach a higher mood, And ho! to breathe each tale we' ve A nobler estimate of man; heard, Be earnest in the search for good, Is far beneath a noble mind. And speak of all the best we can. Full oft a better seed is sown By choosing thus the kinder plan; Then speak no ill, but tender be And if but little good be known, To others' failings, as your own; Still let us speak the BEST we can. If you're the first a fault to see, Be not the first to make it known. Give me the heart that fain would For life is but a transient day, hide, No tongue can tell how brief its span: Would fain another's fault efface; Then, oh! the little time we stay, How can it please our human pride Let's speak of all the best we can. 2 ~ 0

A Letter from V. R. f. Van Zuvt Provincial Superior

The Valley of Trinidad, Benguet, the Land of the Oabb11gex ....

Bontoc, Jan. 23, 1925 print~d on the back co\1er of the review and follow me in spirit over Dear Father Vandewalle, mountains and hills thru rivers and OU asked me to write some rav.nes. details about my yearly ] anuary 18. T\YO strong horses tTip around all our missions are saddled at our ''Home Sweet in the Mountain P .ovince, to pub- Home" our · central house of th ..: lish them in the "Little Apoqtle." missions at Baguio. Poor animals! Here are a few notes wri Lt1·n from they ha Ye to b -= st ong, for l he trip the Bontoc :\'fission. Let the read­ will last long and be J·. ard. ers take a map of our missions as "Father Degryse, a re you read- 241 y ?" This is the parish priest of follow the descending road which, Bagabag. Nueva Vizcaya, who in lofty curves between a babbling exhausted by overwork and under­ river and somber mountains, bring~ nourishment has taken a rest of a us in the round valley of Trinidad, month in the town of the pines, the once a mighty crater, which spread su mmer capital of the beautiful fire and destruction around, it is Philippines. now a rich field of cabbages and "I am ready, Father ProY­ nee. Here landed our first three incia~ ." We said a prayer in the missionaries on the 15th of Nov­ little chapel, asking God's blessing ember 1907. Here they remained over our long journey and off we for three days in a small hut, re­ went to Trinidad mission, 7 Km. ceiving the hearty hospitality of a northwest of Baguio. Father Deg­ farmer who later would be: ome ryse has co:npletely recovered. and is now a priest. On one side There is no better place in the Phi­ the Government has a school of lippines than Baguio for weak per­ agricultur2 attended by hundreds sons. The climate is cool. The of Igorote>. In the middle dwell hills of evergreen pines, the sights the polite Japs and the hard-work­ wonderful, the town picturesque: ing Chine>:e all raising cabbages and in one word Baguio is the most other kinds of vegetables which beautiful spot in the beautiful find their way down to Manila and Philippines. bring up thousands of pesos a year. The preparations for the trip Far away on the o ~ her side are hid­ were short and easy: 110 boys or drn the black smoke-co\·ered servants to accompany us. \Ne shacks of hundreds of Igorotes who ourselves can .-addle and unsaddle raise potatoes on the slopes of the our horses. We do not need blan­ hi Is, while at the no~thwest end kets or beds. If necessary the against the blue hill peep the white blankets of our horses can protect chapel and convent of the mission. us against the chill of the nights: Years ago, but higher than now, for it may be cold at night on the stood the mission church and con­ highest peaks. We

It isn't being good to him It isn't love to let him grow To let him have his way; Untutored and untrained, To pamper every childish whim To see his faults and let them go And send him out to play. Unchecked and unexplained; It isn't being good to buy For often that a child may learn. The candy which you should d eny. Love must seem very harsh and stern.

It isn't being kind to smile 'Twere better now a few sad tears When he is in the wrong, Than many later on, To overlook his childish guile Better than sorrow through the years Will make the habit strong. A frown that's quickly gone. It isn't kindness not to see And being good and being kind His sometimes wilful tendency. Is ever keeping this in mind. 2±4 from a Letter of fath er Legrand written a few days before he was acc£de1:tall.J' dro-z:·ned al Bauco.

ERE is a story which may counting the required number of interest the readers of the steps: f ; Jie false step means a fall, a "Little Apostle." Last rolling do\\'11 perhaps for a few month I was at on a visit meters in the slippery mud .... to my parish priest, Re\·. Father The poor baby was quite ill. Portelange. It was time for me to "Apo, give it some medicine." return to Banco. But the rain was "Just wait a moment. I will go falling in torrents ... . I waited one home and come bacli with it. But hour more.... The deluge outside the baby is not baptized yet." continued. Father Portelauge insist­ "We will bring it to the church ed on my remaining until the next next Sunday.'' day. I could not. I seemed to I insisted on baptizing it nO\V, for hear a voice telling me to go to Ban­ death seemed near. The pagan fa­ co. So I had my horse saddled and ther consented., I baptized the baby, started under God's protection. made it a Christian and probably But what rain! The horse ad\·ancene, and when one baptized the baby dead since a few has taken a rit of 30 Kilometers thru hours and now in heaven ..... an mud and rain, this particular cir­ angel. ... an advocate .... for ever .... cumstance is not at all favorable for I r~joiced because I had sent a soul 2.J.5 to H ea,\'en . . . . I rejoiced because the In this sam e letter h e ask s for inspirati0n of yesterday gave me medicines. H e does not need th em that ch a nce.. .. Let i n rain in tor­ a ny more. I now speak in his name re nts. Let t he lightning crof's the as if [ h eard h is voice like he on ce heaven s a nr'I the thunder r o 11 heard th e m ice of the baby he saved, t hrough the clouds , let all t he ele­ I do not fear t o say t h at h e is asking m e nts rise up against the Missiona­ in Heaven for a suc(' eSSt)r at the ry : the t hought alone of saYi ng a Bau('O rn ission.. . . t he support of soul will send m e to the place where that mission ... . the increase of the t hat soul can be r eached and saved. fund "·ith which to send a nother Y es, tha t is what I feel now at th e Father L egrand to h,i s place, where joy of h a \'i ng sent a n angel t o H eav- so many souls a re to saved. And e n ... .. if you would liste n to his voice, $ y on too would feel t he joy, which A few

Send my Dolls to the poor lgorote Children Josefina was sick ... . very sick. Poor heaven? l ittle girl! She was only six ye ars old Christmas brought new toys. Papa and the terrible meningitis had left wanted to make his loved darling hap­ her lame .... a cripple when other chil­ py in her unceasing sorrow and pains. dren of her age could run and play and How she thanlrnd ...... be happy. But the birth of Christ did not bring She had gone to school only for a new life to Josefina. She felt she had few weeks but long enough to be loved to die. She called Papa near her and by the teachers &nd pupils alike. Her said in a whispering voice: "Pap a, eyes were so bright, her kindness was please send my toys to the poor lgoro­ so attractiYe that probably even the te children" ..... angels of heaven want~d her among The days passed. Josefina became them to make heaven as it were a lit­ weaker and weaker but her soul loved tle more happy. more and more God's lame and crip­ And now she was nailed on her bed pled lgorotes. of pain like another Little Nellie of Again Josefinac;alled her Papa near ... Holy God. Near her lay her dolls and verY near ... forshebad becomesoweak. trinkets. one of her childish consola­ "Papa" , she said, "when I shall be in t ions. How lovely that big doll with heaven, don't forget to send my toys turning eyes and smiling cheeks was! to the poor Igo rote children". Josetina loved her dolls and cars and T hree days later the crippled little wagons and plates. etc. Josefina took her flight to he a Yen. Josefina's sister amused her sick lit­ And her Papa, with tears in his eyes tle sister as best she could. But among for the death of his darling. came all the nice stories she would read to to the office of the "Little Apostle" the little invalid, those found in the carrying a big box: it contained the "Little Apostle" pleased little Josefi­ tovs of Josefina: he had now fulfilled na. most. She loved the poor Igorotes. the last wishes of his angelic 1it t le Were they not also lame and crippled? daughter. Nay, evenunabletomove towards 2-!6 Pateng Saw.... a Light 1

ATEXG \ms :i.n old lgorote the fliekeri ng sparks from the from Cayan, \Yh o had :1ft­ hearth .. . Patengcoughed .. he cough­ en heard of baptif'm, l he ed terribly . .. as if his soul 1rnnted to Church, Heaven, Goel, etc ...... but escape from his achingframe ... and, Pateng was already yery •)Id: his when I enterell the kitchen, a,; dark head \YaS too empty, too hard: it and black as the smoke \Yhi ch fills could not...... it would not think of it day and night since the time it God, H eayen, the Church, baptism, was first built, and, "·hen I drew ete .... His dau~hter is a Catholie. near the glimmering light and in She often inYited her pagan father the half darkness of the room, I Faw to pray, to beliern, to become a Pateng's big glittering eyes in their Christian, but each time P aten g deep orbits, nearly as big as hi s heard the oft-repeated demands, small puckered-up face, half co n , red he knocked off the ashes from his by his once red handkerchief, and little copper pipe, Rhut his eyes once when I heard the heaYy breathing more, pushed up his underlip Ray­ of Pateng which seemed ·like a ing: he was sleepy. There 1Yas death-rattle, I inrnlu11tarily recall­ nothing to be c'lone. Pateng was a ed to my mind parts of some old pagan and a pagan he would re­ time-worn stories my mother used main .... what did he know of God, to tell us in the e\eni ng to keep us Heayen, the Church and Baptism ... off the street ... he was too old to pray, to belieYe, '' Pateng, my friend, you look to become a Catholic .. . PoorPateng. pretty bad ... Alas! Pateng caught a cold ...... "Hm" says Pateng. . many an old man was brought to Are you "suffering much?" his grave by a simple cold. And "I-Im." Pateng could no longer slip dmnJ I sat on my heels near Pateng the bamboo stairs of his shaky hut and, as often before, I talked with in the early morning to warm after my old friend about God and Heav­ a chilly night hi'3 old limbs in the en and Baptism etc ... first rays of the sun ... nay, not e1'en Pateng hummed often, .coughed his cotton blanket, thightly wrapped more than usual and his big eyes around his worn-out body, could seemed to find the fire very interest­ prevent him from shiver i n g the ing . .. does it not warm his chilled whole day long .... Pateng sat on his limbs, restore life to his broken­ heels, in front of a little smoking down frame, and do him good in fire, in the corner of his windowless every way? kitchen, with no other light than I called the daughter and told her that of the half-opened door and of to repeat often the principal truths 247 of faith to her old father and to ask wayR without any apparent result. him no\Y and again to become

-)H(- Mission News and Notes A School Contest

Washington day, Feb. 22, 1925. Recitation, in the 4th grade: First Contest amongst the schools of prize. the District of Kapangan, Benguet: Agrioultural Exhibition: J:l'irst gen­ 5 Public Schools and 1 pri vnte, the ral prize for the best and nicest ex­ catholic mission school of Atok. hibition and 8 particular prizes for The Catholic school got the fol­ special productions not found in lowing prizes: other gardens. Arithmetic : 14 prizes of the 36 a­ The public schools presenteQ. 550 warded: 6 first, 5 second, and 3 students, with 13 teachers, and the third prizes. Mission school presented only 105 Spelling: 5 prizes of 12: 1 first., 2 students, with 2 te"chers. set:ond, 2 third. The Psvchologv of the Filipino

By Hon. Norberto Romualdez Ass()ciule Justice of the Supreme Cotl?'t of the Philippine Islands

( Uontinuutio11 )

This much can be said with re­ During the Spanish times, there gard tu the Philippines. The cere­ were in the towns of the Philip­ monies which preceded, accompa­ pines, theaters which were built on nied and followed marriage celebra­ the occasion of the town fiestas, and tiorn~ were <'f a social and public . the performances were entirely free character, and, according to the and public. In those theaters, the authors, t litese ceremonies were very performances were generally come­ often solemn and pompous. At the dias. Among the representations, nuptial ceremonies which lasted for there was now and then, an origin­ sernral days, speeche~ were extem­ al produrtion of some native au­ poraneously deli\ered, and singing thors. There were also translations and dancing at the soun lia\'e also long list of different kinds of words. the ''Maicling Casaysayan" (A \Ve may mention in this connec­ short ex pl anation) of Fr. Florentino tion, following chronologically the Ramirez; the ":-!wit ni San :-1/ejo" eYents referred to by the ll'riters, C.l hymn to San Alejo), hy Alejo some works as fo ll ows : del Pilar, au u11cle of ~l areelo H . ·Notes on the Malay Archipelago,'" del Pilar, the well known Filipi110, by Groenvelclt, a Dutch St:holar. who died in Barceloua in 1890, and "Chou Ju-Kua "', by Hirth and whose remains I had tlw honor of Rockhill. bringing from Barcelona ta Manila "Versuch einer Ethnogra phic der in 1920, by instructions of the Phi­ Philipinen"' , by Blument ritt. lippine Goyernment. ~Iany other "Relations of Chinese to the Phi­ works may be mentioned, but 1111- !i.ppines", by Laufer. necessary for the purpose" of this "Pagan Tribes of Borneo", by lecture. Hose and McDougal l. But I must not pass ornr the po­ "El A rchipiela :!_o Filipino", hy pula r work in native try written some J es uit B-,athers, published by by Francisco Balagtas, pu bfo:hed in the Government Printing at Wash­ the year 1838, called ''Florante' ', ington in the year 1900. of which said : "obra de ' la I shall only call your attention to lengua tagala en todo su apogeo y works which constitute the Fiiipino magnificencia" (a product of the literature, and I shall mention only Tagalog language in all its splendor one book of each century, in their and magnificence). chronological order: · Francisco Balagtas was born in '' Doctrina Tagaloespa1iola'' year the barrio of Panigay, l\Iunicipality 1503, believed to be written by Fr. of Bigaa, Bulakan, on April 2, 1788. Juan de Plasencia. His parents were Juan Balagtas, and "Las Excelencias del Rosario", Juana de la Cruz (almost Juan de year 1602, the first book printed la Cruz), poor but honest people. here, written by Fr. Francisco Blan­ After some years, the young Balag­ cas de San Jose. tas studied "Canones" (Canon 251 Lairs) in the San .Jo;::e C.1llege. its nymp'z, from Beata and H ilom, During his y11uth he 1Yas "·ell kn01rn Pandakan''. and terms this 1>ork as as an able 1·ersitier. There \\as at "the most national poem of the Phi­ that time a native poet very widely lippines " known in ~Ia ni la , called Juseg Si ­ The "Florante" contains wise siw (Jose the chicken ) who 1>as thoughts of the science of life, as very frequently called upon by can be gathered from these lines, many people and requeRte cl to write picked at random: some poe rrn; to be recitecl at mar­ Stanza :20:2: riage, baptismal, or bu ri al ceremo­ "Ag laki sa la yaw, karaniwa, y, nies, and which he used to make in hubad promplu a<:: king in payment a chick­ sa bait at muni,t, sa hatol ay salat, en for every compos ition. Balagtas masaklap na buga ng malfg pagligap was his pupil in poetry, but for habaf. ; g magulag sa irog na anak" some rea:oon, or other, teaeher a nd (Persons reared in comfort are pupil had a ro1', and separated from dernid of good judgment, discretion ea.eh other. and counsel,-the bitter fruit of Balagtas published his "Floran­ parent's mistaken affection for and te" in 1838. He married, and had complaisance with their belo,ed e!Hen children, and died on Feb­ children). ruary :28, 186:2. He also wrote ma­ Stanza :246: ny plays, kuminlaf!.S, kundimans, "Kung ag isalubog sa iyog pag datig and a great number of short poems. ay masayag mukha,t, may pakitag But his "Florante" is co nsidered giliw, his masterpiece. lalog kaigata,t kaawa')' na lihim "Florante" is a simple poem siyag isaisip na kakabakahin" 1yith some tragic elements. Its li­ (If upon your arrival, he should terary structure and fo~m are excel­ welcome you with smiles and appa­ lent. It ~ontains 398 stanzas of 4 rt'nt lo,e, the more you must be­ verses each. The verses are of 12 ware of, and consider him as a syllables, each verse being divided secret enemy with whom you will into two parts of 6 ~yllables each. possibly have to contend) It is note-worthy for its genuinely This work has been repeatedly native touches. Some poetical turns edited, and there was scarcely a of its thoughts are nativnalized. Tagalog family of the past genera­ The scholar Mr. Epifania de los tion that did not own a copy of the Santos, in his "Vida de Florante y Florante. ~fr. Hermenigildo Cruz Laura" (Life of Florante and Lau­ published in 1906 an interesting ra) published in ''The Philippine work on this poem, entitled "Kug Review" ( ~o. 7, Vol. 1, year 1916) sino ag kumatha ng Florante", and aptly remarks that "The muses of Mr. Epifanio de los Santos, as above Florante are from the lake of Bay, indicated wrote on the same poem 25 biJ , ..Vid a de Florante y Laura". example of this, permit me to quote As to Ilokano works, there are the following: many, among wbid1 11·e may men­ " Kun kasinahan ka niya. tion their famous Lan1-ag, of an di ka umato, kay masiwat epic lengendary character. There sogsog6n an la yap ga bah a; are know n writers as Dakanay, ::\'l e­ maupay kun san guob pa, lanyo Lazo, Claudio, Abaya, Criso­ kun taob an kasina ni')'a, logo, de los Heyes, Tongson, B'ona­ hulat6n an Ii Ra pagbaribad." cier, and many others. Among the (Should your husband smld you, Ilokano poets, 1Y e mention the ano­ clo not quarrel with him, becau~e. nymous author of "La Pasion Iloca­ it is hard to go against the current na", and D.a Leona. Floren tino, of an impetuous fl ood; it iR be~i to the mother of the preRent Senator, wait, while the tide of your huR­ Hon. Isabelo de los Reyes. Among band's ire rises, and when the the dramatists, Gieron, Caluya, E s­ shall have subsided, then piritu, and Lagazca, must also be gi\-e your reasons a nd excuses) mentioned, as wPll a::< Yillarnor and .There is abundant material for Paredes, among the 1niters. Mo2t an essay on genuinely Filipino li­ of this information is furnished by terature. l\IiEs Encarnaci0n Gonza­ ~Ir. Justice Villamar "·ho naturally ga of Iloilo, gi\·es an exhaustiYe ae­ did not include himself, but I do co unt of Bisayan literature in n include him, because I know he is t hesis presented for her .:\laster's one of the most distinguish2d Iloka­ degree from the 1Jni1-ersity of th e ~ no Scholars. Philippines in 1917. Among the Bisayans, WP ha\'e Fr. There are also authors from Pan­ Cuenco, and Fr. Albarran in Cebu; gasinan, Pampanga, and Bikilan Fr. Lorenzo and Fr. Tiangson of regions. We may mention the fol ­ Iloilo, known as the author of the lowing: as Pampangan authors, Gil excellent work "lvlagtotoon sa Ba­ :Magat, Eusebio Guanlao, ;\fagno lay", (Home Teacher) a moral-di­ Gosioco Gozum; as Pangasinan dactic work; D. Cornelio Hilado, of author, Rafael Q. Estrada; as Biko­ Occidental Negros. There is also an lan authors, the late Bishop ~Igr. anonymous writer, whom we firmly Barlin, Fr. Juan Villareal and ma­ believe to be a nafo-e of Leyte or ny others. Samar,-the author of a book wide­ Filipino bibliography is a -varied ly known in said Bisayan regiom as and exttnsive field which cannot be "Lagda" which means rules, entitled properly covered by this lecture. "Caton Cristiano", published in So, I ha,-e limitPd myself to some 1850. authors, 11"ithout making an anal­ This work "Lagda" is notable ysis of all their works, which 1\'oulcl particularly for its genuinely Bisa­ put the patience of this audience to yan turns and proverbs, As an a severe test. 253 And yet, I ha,·e i-:poken only ration:'. about the Filipino literature written by Filipinos in the dialects of thi" From the data given heretofore, country produced by Filipinos also, you may be convinced, that the Fi­ but written in SpaniRh, English and lipi no people, successors to an ancient other foreign tongue::<, my taRk culture of Asia, ha Ying histor.Y and woulc'. be much greater. For this traditions of their on-11, and a spok­ reason, I abstain from "peaking to en and written literature based on you abon t the writings of Rizal, that of their ancestnrR and cultivated ~Iabini, clel Pilar, Guerrero, Recto, by themselYes, are bound to have Bernabe, Teotico, the Kalan• bro­ their peculiarities, not to be easily thers, Bo<:obo, Bantug, Romulo, known and comprehended by a and many others of younger gener- Ruperficial observer. (To be continued)

Some Bontoc Legends The Legend of the Pottery

Lumawig said to the Bontoc the Bontoc people he said: "If you people: "Get some clay to make need jars, you will have to buy jars". They got busy, but the them''. jars they made were very badly From that time the Samoki shaped, When Lumawig saw them, people have the monopoly of pot­ he said: ''Yon do not know how tery. On the mountain slopes a­ to make jars". \Vhereupon he re­ cross the Bontoc river you can see ruoved the pottery to Samoki (a from Bontoc the smoke columns of town near Bontoc) . "You Samoki of their ovens rise high in the air. people", said Lumawig, "get clay The Samoki product is much in to make jars". The Samoki demand at Bontoc and all towns people made some jars. They nearby. When you meet some were of a very good shape. So woman jar vendors, you may be Lumawig said to them: "You are sure they are from Samoki. From very good potters. Go now and afar you hear them sing out: , ,Jars! sell thejars to other towns". To Buy jars! Very nice! Very strong!" 2 4 The Negritos of North-Eastern Luzon

By Father Morice Vanoverbergh

M issianary in ihe ,vL1 unla1· n Prorince. P.J.

( C"intinw !l io11 )

April 5th (Saturday) : T lefr the wantu1 to accomp iny n e. ho~ he high al ti rude of the Baguio plateau \Vas ready to start unconditi c. nally at about 7 a. m., on a motorbus, a and immediately, and so o:i. To means of transportation w h i ch make a long: story ;;hort, he came wouid very soon be denied ir e ior with nw and will stay with me for a long time. and arri\'ed without a long time. as we shall :-;ee later anydiff cultyatBawang La Union, As I was saying before. we hop::?d near the sea-coast by the splendid to reach Tagudin at about neon, Naguilian road; the picturesque but in this \\·e were sadly dirnp­ scene,ry did not allow me to mind pointed: two tires punctured on any small una· oiuable annoyances. the road. \Ye stopped at Banga r, I did not take m uch baggage with La Union, fo r our di'nner. as the me, as I foresaw many di .r: cul tie:> clri Yer was hungry (and \\ho can in transportation, and in tended to blame him ?); :;o, we reached Tagu­ stay mostly either at Tuaw, Ka­ din at about half pa:;t three p . m . .. gayan, with the parish priest, or at This was home. anyhow, my resi­ Kabugaw, Apayaw, with the lieu­ dence for over three years. Mr. Pa­ tenant-governor; but Providence d ua himself resided here for sev­ decided o · hem ise, and many hard­ eral years. Revs. G: Declercq and ships awaited rr:e on that account. C. van Aspen offered us a mo::t At Ba\vang, I jumped into an cordial hospitality. Mr. Padua or­ automobile which brought me with­ dered photographic plates, paper, in a short time, by the never to be etc., from Manila, and we made forgotten road that followed the all necessary preparations to con­ seashore. to Tagudin, Ilokos Sur, tinue our journey the following where I was able to rest until the clay. following day. When I reached April 6th (Sunday): After High Baknotan, La Union, Mr. Maximo Mass, Mr. Padua and some boys Padua, a professional photograph­ looked for a car that could motor er, a sked the driver to 3top for a to Vigan. Ilokos Sur, and Kurri­ while and told me a whole litany maw, Ilokos orte. After a tire­ of things, how he had heard that I some delay (we had to look for a was leaving for Kagayan, how he passing auto), at about half past If) If) C"l

-+- 0LESlA y GRUTA DEL S~NTUARIO Jde Nrra. Senora de LOURDES.( ": ~ TAGU£?1N.. ~__,

hiirch and Grotto of Our Lady of Loiirdes at Taguclin 256 ten a. m., we boarded a motorbus would not leave to-day for Aparri, for Vigan, with all our belongings. Kagayan, as there wa,- much cem­ My companion took. about ten ent and other cargo to be unload­ times as many trunks, suitcases ed here. Fortunately our " vieux and bundles as I did, of course, but grognard" was not '·a la hauteur de this would prove a blessing later on la situation" (what can one expect in the wilderness. \i\'e arrived at frnm a fellow living practica:ly in Vigan, the capital of the province exile, and doing nothing the whole of Ilokos Sur, without accident, by day but cursin g his had lot, the a road equal to that of yesterday, hot w;oather, the natives, etc.,etc?). a nd we made a circuit by San· Vin- At about 8 a. m. she appeared. our ~ente, Iloko'> Sur. Time is not mon­ nutshe!, I beg your pardon, the ey in the Philippinf' Islands. "Mau ban" herself: later on I heard After having witnessed an alter­ that the captain had been ' bold e­ cation between our driver and a nough to lead his little craft to couple of rernlcitrant passengers, Spain during the World War; rnme we transferred to another motor­ people like dancing anyway! bus, t hat brought us to Kurrimaw, After complying with so:ne for­ which although a very small mu­ malities, we left the hotel, in search nicipality in Ilokos Norte, had the of a small boat to bring us to our advantage of possessing a compar­ temporary home, and after pay~g atively good harbor, visited at reg­ two centavos here and ten the1e, ular intervals· by several s ma 11 we finally mounted the gangplank. steamers of the Compania General Our Spaniard on shore told us we de Tabacos de Filipinas. We ar­ could board the ship directly as rived there at about 9 p. n1., and soon as she cast anchor; the truth lodged at the hotel (that is what is, they nearly threw us overboard, they call it here), where we were I mean, the first greeting they ten­ rather comfortable. We were more dered us was to the effect that we or less anxious to reach Kurrimaw were much too early and chat we the same day, as we had seen a should have to pay extra for our steamer off Vigan, and thought it meals as long as the vessel remain­ might be the "'Mauban", which we ed ·in port. Well, here we were, had to board and which w o u Id and here we stayed. Mr. Padua leave the harbor of Kurrimaw on found a place in the third clas5 a­ the 7th. No steamer was there. mongst the trunks and boxe<: that April 7th (Monday) : Early in Ii ttered the deck, and I procured a the morning we had a chat with an berth in the first class: it was one old Spaniard, the "encargado" of of four in the cabin not I a r g e the Company in that place. He enough for two. On deck I made told us he expected the " Mauban" the acquaintance of Mr. Ricardo at noon, and that he thought she Pagulayan, a native of Enrile, Ka- 257

oftbcATQNEtJENT '

The monthly Novena of Our Lady of the Atonement, in the Church of Baguio, will begin: for April: on Saturday, 4th. for May: on Saturday, 2nd. Send your intentions to: REV. FATHER FL. CARLU CHlJRCH OF THE ATONEMENT BAGUIO, MT. PROVINCE.

gayan, who was of great service to the harl or at about 8 p. m., and us during our journey through hi~ we went to sleep, on deck of <:ourse, province. as \\·e ·were in tropical waters. I In tte afternoon we made f. uit­ had some difficulty in obtaining a less inquiries about the rour o: bed, as the Steward ~ old me I hact a leaving, nobody seeming to knmY berth (which he seemed to consider anything about it; but, at about 5 a "avor, for not 10% of the passen­ p. m. we saw hundreds of third­ gers had the same luck); so I made class passengers boarding the ship: preparations to sleep on a bench. this was a very good omen, because. A Manila merchant came to the if the Company had to feed all those rescue, reproved the Steward, and people for one day longer, it would finally found a bed for me, which, lose much too hea,·ily in the bar­ although a poor cracking affair, gain, and besides they would cer­ was much more comfortaule than tainly not have come on board if the berth in our luxurious cabin, a no permission had been granted real hot-house. them. The steamer actually left ( To /Jc continued) 258

Argentina. Ciermany. The first pilgrims who arrived in In Trier, a priest of the noble Rome came from Argentina: they family or von Volzum, has just were 200 and were received by the celebrated his twenty fifth anniver­ Holy Father on Jan. 1. sary in the priesthooct. At the Mass, his brother, who is a Jesuit, assisted Belgium. and two other brothers officiated, On the first of January the Holy one as a deacon and the other as a Father congratulated Baron Beyens sub-deacon. In the P. I. RICH Belgian ambassador at the Vatican, people' should endeavour to en­ for the exposition of the Congo mis­ courage more vocations to the sions in Rome. He said it was of priesthood in their families. the most beautiful and most inter­ Holland. esting. A preacher wrote: the Dutch "Reformed" Church is on the way France. of losing her standing, not only as Canon Rousselot died at Paris. the people's church, but even as the During the war, he found a way largest denomination in Holland. for locating regularly the site and Her place shall infallibly be taken caliber of guns. He presented the by the Roman Church. It is very French staff of war with instru­ painful for every member of the ments which made it possible to "Reformed Church". However, determine the exact spot of the it has- but itself to blame. What German batteries. When the sub­ is Protestantism) What an assem­ marine war began, he devised a blage of birds of divers plumage! model of a microphone which It is a unity that is no unity, a helped to locate the presence of kingdom that is divided against submarines. In 1920 Premier itself, which neither knows nor Herriot gave Canon Rousselot serves God. high praise, but nevertheless he Italy. continues to persecute the use­ More than 1,000,000, some say less(?) priests of France. more than 2,000,000, and others 259 even say more than 3,000,000 pil­ there where protestant schools had grims are expected to visit Rome been established. 70 of this kind during the Holy year. The rail­ until now have been opened, roads of Italy and eyen Switzerland attended by 10,000 children, wh6 a re already now congested. 1\ Ger­ otherwise would have been in Prot­ man Company guarantees to bring estant schools and bst their Catho­ to I taly ~00 Germans a day for lic Faith. the entire Holy year. It is plan­ United States. ned to lodge them in portable The following motion was adopt­ houses set up on vacant lots of ed unanim::>Usly in the last annual Rome. During 1924, buildings, meeting of the Ame ~ ican Hierarchy: whose total of rooms amounts to t he Archbishops and Bishops of :':0000 were constructe d. the country are urged to organize Of course the enemies of the Church societies for the support of the try to stem the tide of pilgrims by Missions. In addition to the above spreading false rumor" about im­ a Sunday of the year is to be set pending revolutions in Italy. But aside as Mission Sunday, on wich Mussolini is still strong enough a collection will be taken up to and above all the Italian people enable those who are not members are wise enough not to disturb the of the o ganized societies, to con­ peace of their counrry, for it would tribute nevertheless to the support mean an enormous financial loss to of the missions. the whole country. Progress of the Catholic faith Porto Rico. in various countries, during the last The church of San German, hundred years. Porro Rico, the second oldest In Sweden and orway the church of the two Americas. b ui lt number of Catholics has increased in 1.537 by two Dominicans, and from 10 to 5,547. In Denmark: now falling into ruins, is to be re­ from 1000 to 8, 700. In Holland paired under the direction of Right from 350, 000 to 1, 900, 000. In Reverend Bishop Caruana, once a Canada from 500, 000 to 3,000,000. missionary in. the Philippines. In United States from 400, 000 to Spain. 17 , 855, 000. In Australia from a These last years there has been few Irish exiles to 1, 200, 000. In a great activity of Protestants in Indo China in spite of the perse­ Spain. In Madrid alone there are cution and mas:;sacre:>, there are twelve Protestant schools. The 1,200,000 Catholics. In Japan and German immigration into Spain Corea, where Catholicism has had was accompanied by Lutheranism. liberty (often curtailed) for about The Catholics got alarmed. Lately thirty years, there are now 170,000 a religious· order of women was Catholics, while in 1822 there were founded to open Catholic schools only 10, 000. 260

• • l\(f»J-- CURRENT EVENTS l\(f»J-- L.;

A Ba by Revolution in Nueva Ecija. quently the poor are not giYen what Many secret societies exist in Nuel'a might console them in their poYerty Ecija. One of them composed of labo­ and ref1·ain them from re\·enge when rers, with branches in other prol'inces they suffer a wrong. The rich ?r" too. had for aim to take possession of robbed of what teaches thC' i t o be the riches and fields of the rich. Ac­ just towards the laborer and charitable cording to them: men are all equal or towards the poor. Who saw wind. ought to be not only in their earthly :\fUST harvest storms. · possessions but also in thought and Take care: there are more secret so­ wisdom. i::lince a long time they had cieties in the Philippine Islands, whose opposed the landowners. Many o f doings should be investigated and these had asked for policemen to pro­ known and whose members, if guilty tect their rice against the aforesaid of cl'irnes. should be punished. What members of the K. K. K. and had re­ mean the ")'.fano negra." the "Sagra­ fused to lend rice to the members of da Familia.'' and the "Santa Iglesia.'' this secret society. At the beginning ail secret societies in :N'ueva Ecija and of :.\larch the secret society began to other pro\·inces? Police! Find out the concentrate its forces, to attack the aims of these societies and what hap­ rich and the GoYernment. pens in thPir meetings. Happily the Constabulary got vents ~ of the movements. The rel'olutionists Not withstanding a new strike among were easily beaten and left a few of some Filipino laborers in Hawaii, the their members on the battlefield of president of the Hawaiian sugar plan­ San Jose. Peace seems to reestablished tations declared that, but for a few in Nueva Ecija. malcontents, all Filipino (some 40.000) A few questions: how is it possible laborers of Hawaii are happy · and that the police did not prevent the make money. clash? How is it possible that they ~ did not know earlier of the bolchevic 'Now that an American commission plan? Where thousands belong to a of experts examines the intellectual society, not to be trusted as it is secret, capacity of l<"'ilipino children, the old the police ought to know anyway what discussion came up again, and more is going on behind the curtains. than ever, about the following ques­ If they knew of the coming clash, tion: should the Filipino children be why did they not capture the leader s taught in their own language or in before the bloodshed? Take well care: English? the people of the Philippines are robb­ ~ ed of their religion through neutralin­ Both political parties. the Consoli­ struction of the Government. Conse- dados and Democrata , are working 261 24 hours a day to win tlw coming elec­ If prices of copra and hemp have ions of June. It is funny to read how decreased, there has come to us a great­ they arcuse each other of frauds and er demand for Filipino hardwood. scandals. The Democral:i,s propm::e to $ fight .\fr. Quezon in his own province A committee was appointed to study of Tayabas. This is the tirst time the the question of bow to restrict furthe.r consolidado President of the Senate immigration of ChineEe into tlie Phi­ will meet opposition in his district. lippines. Some observers say he will loEe the $ tight in his province. Others say his presidentship of the Senate will pass Decidedly the GoYernment has little over to .\[r. Osmena. The Democratas chance in its sernral exploitations. The f> howeYer are at a loss of findin .~ out. Cement factory lost 300,000 last year. mt-ans of whitewashing what is callt'd The National Coal Company proi:;erty the "school scandals" of Manila under should be leased, if an offer is found, Democrata administration. Both par­ said the Gornrnor General in union ties ad vacate immediate independence. with ~Tr. Quezon. The Manila Hotet The Democratas say they favor the can not pay for the aforesaid loEEes, Fairfield bill, for nothing better can for last year it only gained about be hoped at the time from the "Gnited p 1,0.36. States. The consolidados answer they $ do not favor the !Jill and will make The ma11y secret societies of Negros this question of fa\·oring or not fann·­ Occidental are causing trouble to-the ing the Fairfield bill a nationa! isFue Go,·ernment and the peaceful citizens. in the coming- elections. LeL it be noted that if in China there $ a re numerous civil wars, these are Justice Avancena was nominated greatly due to the numerous secret chief of the Supreme Court and Attor­ societies whoEe followers are called up ney general Villarea 1 was appointed when needed by the different chief­ to the supreme bench. tains. Look out well, police! Keep $ sour eye;; wide open.

Foreign

Belgium. Chile. During the world war 1150 public A Chilean regiment, of soldiers muti­ buildings were destroyed. 355 schools, nied on the first of .\farch, but after a 237 churches, 100,000 houses and 1967 sergeant and a corporal were killed, t.he Km. first class roads. Sim·P. then other soldiers submitted to the legiti­ 1040 public buildings. 350 schools·, 234 mate authority. churches, 93 .000 houses and all the China. roads have been repaired or rebuilt at Sun Yat Sen, the founder of the her own cost. But the taxes amount Chinese rt-public, has passed away. to 408 francs per capita, or a.bont P 40. He was its first provisional president. although En)!land at the outbreak of and in 1921 its president. In the the war declared most solemnly that meantime China had become an oli­ Belgium's expenses for the war would j!archy. Sun ruled for several years be reimbursed up to the last cent. at Canton with Southern China as a 262 separate republic. His politics savored Greece and Turkey. much of the BolcheYic tendencies. He was supported by the young Greece has sent a note to Turkey. Chinese who had studied abroad, es­ protesting against the expulsion from pecially in the United States. and ex­ Constantinople of the Patriarch Cons­ pected from Sun's Government a tantinus, the head of lhe Greek Church. position which otherwhise they could Greece sees in the ~reek Patriarch a not obtain from the old leaders. Sun defender of Greek prestige and mat­ as an administrator of his republic erial interests in Turkey. Hence her did very little outside of Canton. interest in keeping the Patriarch in Lately he went to Peking to attend a Constantinople. The European Powers meeting of the principal leaders of try their utmost to preYent war be­ China after the victory of the Chris­ tween Greece and Turkey. the latter tian General. Actually the armies of ha dng rejected the Gree.k proposal of the Northern party are gradually submitting the contro1-ersy to the going southwards in an endeavor to Hague. subjugate the southern republic and ·international. make China one. Unhappily the anti­ foreign feeling in China is running In an attempt to suppress the smok­ higher and higher every day. This ing of opium. the European powers very year may see as in 1899 a more or with colonies in the Extreme Orient less general uprising in China against and the United States lately held a all foreigners, and of course the Church conference at GeneYa. The United and the Missionaries may suffer States proposed to suppress the opium much. traffic immediately. But the other Powers which have g-reat revenues Germany. from opium, refused the proposition. -The president of the German repub­ Hence the failure of the Opium Con­ lic. Friedrich Ebert, died. The for­ ference. mer saddlemaker passed away, when the Allies accused Germany of educat· Mexico. ing and keeping under all sorts of Mexico has her own Aglipay, a Cath­ camouflage military officers and subal­ olic priest, Joaquin Perez·, who has terns enough to mobilize a strong army started a Church of bis own, a n<~tion­ wheneYer it wishes to do so. The al Church with services in Spanish. Cotmcil of Ambassadors requested With ~ is few followers he intended :Marshal Foch and his colleagues of the lately !o take possession of the famous committee of military control of the shrine of Guadalupe. One was killed Allies, to make suggestions as how the in the fight that followed, after which Germans may be forced to comply with the police could keep order, among.the the disarmament clauses of the Ver­ manifestants. sailles treaty. In the meantime Dr . Walter Simon has been chosen by the Turkey. German Reichstag as president ad­ The Kurds revolted against the interim of the republic. The new Ger­ Turks. At first victorious, the insur­ man President will be elected on ) larch gents were later beaten by the Turkish 29, says a dispatch of 3. regular troops. 263

( QUE~T IO~BOX ~ t-s?.~ - t-s?.~ Questions unsiirnecl will not l'e answered. Anonymous 1€tt<>rs must find their way into the waste paper basket. \YP will not publish the names of those who send questions.

3. - Jly father's desire 1chen he 1i:as yet And now as to the duty of obedience living icas that 1 shoidd :finish 111y Inter­ in which you failed. To willfully dis­ mediate studies. But after his death, 1 obey our parents in grave and lawful dicl not eren finish Gr. VII, because I things is a mortal sin. To disobey clid not Zike being a boarder for 1 felt them when we foresee that they will be lonely in the College. Hare I committed really and truly sorry or angry at our a sin? doings is a grievous fault. In your According to the IV Commandment case your father had a right to ask you of Goel, children have a triple obliga­ to finish your intermediate to giYe you tion towards their parents: of love, that catholic education he thought re,·erence and obedience, for the par­ himself obliged in conscience to give ents take the place of God on earth to to his child. Did your father however do for their children what God does express that desire as an order, or not do directly, such as procuring food simply mention it as a wish he would etc, for the body and education for the not ha>e maintained, if he had seen soul. Consequently the. children must your sorrow at the college? If he had give proofs of lorn towards their par­ expressed his desire as a formal order, ents. not only by praying for them and then you haYe seriously disobeyed assisting them in theirspiritualneeds, without a valid reason. If his desire by getting a priest for them when was such that your unwillingness to they are very sick, but they must also continue your studies, would have help them in their bodily needs, in made him very sorry, then your refusal their daily worl{ and render them eYer.r to finish your intermediate was also a service in their power. They must great fault. · respect their parents as well-behaved If his desire, however, was expressed and good children do. Against these only as a desire, which he would not two filial obligations a child may sin haYe maintained as an order in case mortally when he does not show his you disliked to finish your intermedi­ love and respect for his parents, and ate, or if your refusal to finish the it is no wonder how deeply pained his intermediate would not haYe vexed parents must feel. Such will undoubt­ him very much, then there has not edly happen when children do not sup­ been a great sin. port their parents in t.heir need, or In any case, to commit a mortal sin when they treat their parents roughly, t here must be full knowledge of the calling them names, insulting them, wrong committed, and as most proba u­ beating them, or even lifting up theiT ly you did not think you committed a hands against their father or mother, great sin by not continuing your studies or being ashamed of them on account as your father desired, you have not of their poverty etc. committed a mortal sin. 264 If you were convinced you commit­ 4. - 1 am now tu;enty three ywrs cif' ted a venial sin by resisting the rea,o­ aye. Tu;u ywr·~ nyo. 1 did not fast on nable desire of your fat her. or if you Fl'idays of Lent. Is it a gr·eat sin? thought he would have been only a . Does fastirig foryire sins? little displeased, or if he did not All CatholicF. 21 years of age. are express a formal order, but only a strictly obliged to fan on the cl a~-s ap­ wish that he would ha\·e been very pointed b~- the Church, unless they pleased to see you finish your interme­ have a just excuse such as being too diate, then you only committed a weak. having heavy work to perform. venial sin. etc. Where absence of the full knowledge Fasting does not forgive sin, but it of sin prevails there is no sin. is a work of penance which satisfies :l'lote. If you stopped your studies for the temporal punishment due to with the permission of your tutor or sins. Besides fasting, aftel' the guilt mother, then the responsibility falls has been effaced by the Sacrame111 of upon these persons. Penance, lessens the evil di"pu>-itions If you had reached the age of 18 and consequently temptations. years, then you could decide for your­ self.

ITE.'1S OF INTEREST CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED 19 materials are needed to make the 201 pal'tS of a telephone which is so Blessed Little Flower's fund for delicate that it carries a whisper, yet the Bokod Mission. so l'ugged that it gives many years of Received : p 45.00 constant and Yaluable sen-ice. They Acknowledged before. 387.00 are: sih·el', iron. copper, tin, zinc, Total. 432.00 gold, lead, nickel, platinum, aluminum, Father Legrand's fund for the mica, shellac, wool, silk, flax, rubber, Bauco Mission. cotton, asphalt and coal. What kind attention on the part of God for A I>UI>il of s. Sch. p 2.00 A vuvil of S. T. 0.50 having produced all these! What love! !J'rom the "Chatterboxes' mite box" (two ,,, months) 23.00 The conclusion that Latin students Acknowledged before. 79.00 surpass non-Latin students in mastery Total. 104.50 of other subjects, has been reached by For the Missions. the American Classical League and P. Se. p 20.00 the American Bureau of Education aft­ For the mission of Dalupirip: St. Paul's er a survey of the present-day trend Institute 25.00 and value of classical studiel5. "This C. T. 5.00: R. S. 5.00; S. I\!. 4.00: A.G. 2.00: Anonymous 14.00: 30.00 superiority," says the Bureau, in re­ Total 75.00 porting the eonclusions, "seems to be due to something gained from the We gratefully acknowledge the receipt of canceled stamps from : study of Latin rather than to greater Rev. Encarnacion. Batangas, Batangas: iniLial hability." Records of 10,000 Rev. Andres Marquez, Batangas, Batangas: candidates for college entrances in the Primitivo Latino, Daraga. Albay; Dolores A­ past ten years were cited to show that bola. Manila: Cathedral Free School: Zollo Arlalejo: Isabelo Ronquillo: Vicente Pusag: Latin st.udents fared better by about Concepcion Ricafort, Mal!'allanes, Sorsogon: 13 per cent than non-Latin students in lllsgr. Hilarion Jamias, Ilagan. Isabela. subjects other than Greek and Latin. 265

ftAILBAG Of THE LITTLE APOITLE

For al I corre5pol denC'e wi.th ··THE LITTLE A PO::ll'LE" Eend Y'.lUr l%t,ers to 'l'.1e Little Az,ostle, Box 1393, Jlanila

Dear Readers of the ·'Little.\ pos­ of f' 15. 00 for the mist.ions. Can ,-ou tle." guess how \Ye got it? Ttwason'the An fri3h soldier i11 a Gerrna11 pri~ o n 2:Jrd of Januar.1•. the third d;i1· of our dut'i.ng the war \\·as r cic of this savaD'e man officials sent the 11ati'.·e mes;;:tg·e tribe. \\-e W>-'Tlt to the Auditoriu~n of Pat to a char-itable organization in \l·ithout tbE slightest hope of winning (dear Readers: do you believe they Eng-land. Of course there was a Q't'­ nel'al laugh at its l>u1 ·eau when the bad no hope of winninv?) fPr we had letter was read aloud. Kut wishing-to formidable riYals (\\·ell if ,;o the honor play a joke ,.n Pat, all the member,; <•f winning· is rn much th'e greater). offered a contribution and !"ent $5the1· hut we \YO-:'i' tlw prize or !"30.00 '. had gathered by lei ter to Pat. ~i!rniu~­ After all our expcn::es were paid. we it with the name of "St. P;itrick.'' as were left the ha Pl 'Y )l O' FeffOrs of Pl5. At tirsi- we did n ot know what to do if He himself had ~en·" 1 Ile mone)· " C / " the Ensrlish c;ha rita i1le or~·a niz:itiu11 1•ith 1 he r.10ney (wl1enever one finds for capti ,-e soldiers.·· Pat rec·eived himself in such a .rerplexity. jnst drop the letter' and was o\·erjo,red at the a letter to the "Lillie AplJstle" ai:d sight of $:5. He wrote a letterofrhanks a g-ratuitot'>: ad,·iee will I e sent by to St. Patl'ick. but remembering he mail ). A thousand suggestions we1;e had asked for $10, P at added a note made, but after all what better could to his new message saying: ·'Please. we do than to help the Igorotes? We the next time vou send me moneY. do \Yon the prize by con ,·erting our"el Yes not send it c10 any English organiza­ into Negrito;; for a few hours: it is tion, fop the scoundrels might again bnt rig·ht tha.t we should nffer the retain half of what \'OU send." prize for the conYel'sion of all the Pa­ Like Pat. I tell. vou. dear readers. gans eYerywhere. the next time vou send al rn>: or subs­ Now Father. we bid you goodbye on­ criptions to the "Little Apostle," do ly for a time. for we hope to commu­ not send it b)' simple and ordinar.1· nicate with you very soon (the sooner mail. but by registered letter or by and the oftener the better!) to send again something from MoneY Order. This is what the Senior class of the THE SlWIOR CLASS. Hol.\- Rosar)· Colleg·e of Yigan did: And in the meantime a little g-irl !'15.00 arrived in due time. ·where from the Sacred Heart Academy, Tu­ did they get them, you might ask? guegarao. wrote a letter saying: when Read their letter: I was reading the "Little Apostle." I Dear Rev. Father Vandewalle. was very much interested i.n these poor We are sending you the small sum Ig·orotes. That is why I am sending- 266 this small sum of money: i"5.00 to \"\·e also recei Yed the following letter help them in their needs. Father. I from our friend~ of the Catholic Sehool promise ~·ou that I "·ill say at least of A. P. one '·Our Father'' for them even daY. February l'i, Hl:2.). and may Our Lord hear our ~imple Dear ReYerend Father: prayers and grant that all of them _ i'\'e ~re again sending .mu another may soon be com·erted. ·) Pesos for our dear Igorot friends. Yours reo;pectfully. Father we can send this mane\· be­ Ana Angco. cause we do not eat so much candies and fruit: we put all oureentavos in And in Ana's enYelope was found our lgorot box. When "·e see the another small letter, a precious en­ other girls eating l'a11dies and fruit. clo;;ure. which must neat'ly haYe ex­ \\-e should like to eat also. but our teacher says that if we keep our l'Pnta­ pressed what Ana's Guardian Angel vos for the. I gorots, "·e \>ill have would ha Ye said to God the same daY much candy in heaven. she made the :::.acrifice of her fortun~. \Ye like to send much buL we are It read thus ·'Ana Angco is a charm­ not ril'h and our parent;; do not gi\·e us centavos ever\' day. ·we love the ing child, al wa,ys ready to forget and 11/'0l'Ots ver.\· much 'and like to see sacrifice herself to render service to them knowing God. EYery day we pray others and to g ive pleasure to God." for th_em in the l'lass. Fa th er, tell And so are nearly all the giris in our friends to pra,\· for us. . V\Te all want to goto the third grade our Catholic Colleges \Yhere they are but our teacher says we will not g·o be­ so well taken care of. N aY the Little cause we are not \'ery good. Tots of the Gr. IV of Salnt Teresa';; \Ye are 40 little girls. Academy who had promised to pay Second grade Girls. one centavo whenever tbev would sa,· Dear children. your Igorot friends a word during silence time .in the cl a s's certainly will pray for you and you and who kept a mite box - ··the chat­ may be coufident that you will pass ter-boxes' mite box for the missions a good examination. '·We are not of the :\fountain ProYince ... are they Yer_r good" you say. but \:e wish that not a living example o[ what good all the zirls of the Philippine Islands teaching may do for children to make were as good as you are. them practice charity? The otherday, .;!. just before Yacation began, they offer­ Many children promised to work for ed l"ll.00. the contents of the famous the '·Little Apostle" during Yacation. mite box. I do not sa ~ ' that this sum I wonder how many new subscriptions was collected from fines ... oh no .. . will drop in? It is up to ~·ou, dear only part of it came from the ir students. to keep your promises. Help tongue ... but the other and grear.er God's work and He will help you. Try, part came from voluntary mortitica­ try again. See your little friends. tions offered during Lent when instead Show them your '·Little Apostle." of buying candies with their pennies, Tell them it costs only a peso a year they remembered these already pub­ and then .... try, try again. For lished verses : which, together with the SeniorClass, One centavo and then another Miss Angco, the lcind "chatterboxes", Till the mission box is full. tge second grade of A. P., etc" One peso and then another receive the most sincere thanks of For the Missioners to pull. the "Little Apostle." One bee-like worker then another By their steady and constant motion ReY. 0 . Vandewalle. Help build our schools and chapels P. 0. B. B93. For our Converts's true devotion. )fanila, P. I. 267

DIHESE two in;;cparnble you could snatch them on the floor! 1'- friends lived together in a We must sacrifice ourselves for -_, great big house in the our fellow creatures! It would be Philippines. There were never two fine revenge too on that crosspatch greate:- thieves in these grand of a cook, who always drives us Catholic Islands, th,~ most Catholic away with a broomstick if she finds in the Orient. us near the larder. I would gladly I am very fond of animals and do it myself; but then .. . you know .. . never like to see them suffer. But my paws are so rough and awk­ now I have to be uncharitable and ward ... it would be a chance, and speak openly against the two bosom ten to one, if I did not tumble all friends: Mr. Monkey and Mrs. Cat. the camotes into the fire.' ' One day this jolly pair found The cat, pleased with the mon­ their way into the kitchen, where key's words. set to work hie et some fine camotes were roasting in nunc. She managed to get out the ashes. The monkey longed to ~ome of the camotes, which the get some, but clever fellow as he cunning monkey caught and de­ is, he did not wish to burn his fin­ voured. Poor puss got more than gers. He was also a cunning fel­ one sting, and began to think the kn low, however, and soon hit on a was not worth the trouble; but she plan for getting what he wanted. would not give up, least the mon­ Tur:iing to the cat, he said, (in key would think her awkward and Tagalog most probably) : "Now, unfriendly to him. dear friend, this is the very time Meanwhile the cook came in; for you to show the skill which and as soon as Mr. Monkey heard nature has given yon. Look at her step, off he scraw.bled to a sa.fe these fine camotes; how cleverly corner. Puss was found with a ca- ' 268 mote in her paw (only one alas!) one camote a:1d got a spanking; a;:;d though she had not eaten one and all because I was foolish enough of them, she was punished as a to choose a bad co111pau:o11 " . thief, and came in for a sound and And from that day she was 11eYer well-administered thrashing. seen with the mischievous monkey. ''Well, she said to herself, this Alas! there are lots of monkeys in shall be a lesson to me for the fut­ the world, but how many cats are ure. I have singed my paws, lost my there?

Saint Joseph was a carpenter He spied the saw with pointetl And humbly plied his trade teeth At Nazareth, where Mary dw·elt, All standing in a row. ''Ha, ha. he cried, re\·enge is The pure and humble maid. sweet'' ,;,: Then bent them to and fro. One day be left his shop at noon ,;,: To take his frugal meal Alas his work brought but dis­ - When lo! the mischiefmaker grace. came, In rage he sought the door, The devil in did steal. For now the saw cut better far $ Than it had done before. ,;,: To hinder us from doing good, He tries, but e'er must frown: For all his efforts merely place New jewels in our crown. A Hard Thing to l>o dle of the bed and wants me to sleep on both sides of him.'' When Robert J. Burdette was a boy he called his mother upstairs Riddles one day and asked her to ''whip John (his brother) and to whip him Answer to the Riddles of last good.'' month: "But what has little Johnny been A. 3. Because he has been to doing?" inquired the mother. see (sea). "Why, he wants half of the bed A. 4. 0. I. C. U. to himself," said Bob. Riddles for this month: "Well, he is entitled to half," Q. 5. When are the streets of a said Mother Burdette. town most greasy ? '' Mebbe he is,'' whimpered Bob, Q. 6. What is bought by the ''but he wants his half in the mid- yard and worn by the foot ? Cum licentia eccfesiastica

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