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Cypermethrin
International Environmental Health Criteria 82 Cypermethrin Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the World Health Organization WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION GENEVA 1989 Other titles available in the ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA series include: 1. Mercury 2. Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Terphenyls 3. Lead 4. Oxides of Nitrogen 5. Nitrates, Nitrites, and N-Nitroso Compounds 6. Principles and Methods for Evaluating the Toxicity of Chemicals, Part 1 7. Photochemical Oxidants 8. Sulfur Oxides and Suspended Particulate Matter 9. DDT and its Derivatives 10. Carbon Disulfide 11. Mycotoxins 12. Noise 13. Carbon Monoxide 14. Ultraviolet Radiation 15. Tin and Organotin Compounds 16. Radiofrequency and Microwaves 17. Manganese 18. Arsenic 19. Hydrogen Sulfide 20. Selected Petroleum Products 21. Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride 22. Ultrasound 23. Lasers and Optical Radiation 24. Titanium 25. Selected Radionuclides 26. Styrene 27. Guidelines on Studies in Environmental Epidemiology 28. Acrylonitrile 29. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) 30. Principles for Evaluating Health Risks to Progeny Associated with Exposure to Chemicals during Pregnancy 31. Tetrachloroethylene 32. Methylene Chloride 33. Epichlorohydrin 34. Chlordane 35. Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Fields 36. Fluorine and Fluorides 37. Aquatic (Marine and Freshwater) Biotoxins 38. Heptachlor 39. Paraquat and Diquat 40. Endosulfan 41. Quintozene 42. Tecnazene 43. Chlordecone 44. Mirex continued on p. 156 -
Exposure of Phlebotomus Argentipes to Alpha-Cypermethrin, Permethrin, and DDT Using CDC Bottle Bioassays to Assess Insecticide Susceptibility
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects Honors Program 5-2020 Exposure of Phlebotomus Argentipes to Alpha-Cypermethrin, Permethrin, and DDT Using CDC Bottle Bioassays to Assess Insecticide Susceptibility Jacob Rex Andersen Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/honors Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Andersen, Jacob Rex, "Exposure of Phlebotomus Argentipes to Alpha-Cypermethrin, Permethrin, and DDT Using CDC Bottle Bioassays to Assess Insecticide Susceptibility" (2020). Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects. 485. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/honors/485 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © 2020 Jacob Rex Andersen All Rights Reserved i Abstract Background: Insecticide resistance for sand flies is a concern since sand flies are vectors for Leishmania spp. parasites which cause leishmaniasis affecting millions of people each year. The CDC bottle bioassay is used to assess resistance by comparing known insecticide diagnostic doses and diagnostic times from an insecticide-susceptible population. The objective of this study was to determine diagnostic doses and diagnostic times for α-cypermethrin and the lethal dose for 50% and 90% mortality for α- cypermethrin, permethrin, and DDT for Phlebotomus argentipes. Methods: The CDC bottle bioassays were performed in 1,000 mL glass bottles with 15- 25 sand flies from a laboratory strain of insecticide-susceptible P. argentipes. A range of concentrations of α-cypermethrin, permethrin, and DDT were evaluated. -
Imported Fire Ant Shipper's Guide
TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMISSIONER SID MILLER PROCEDURE FOR SHIPPING IMPORTED FIRE ANT QUARANTINED ARTICLES TO IMPORTED FIRE ANT-FREE AREAS Contact the Texas Department of Agriculture prior to shipping Fire Ant Quarantined Articles to ensure compliance with state and federal IFA regulations and USDA approved quarantine treatment requirements. Treat shipments, premises and holding/shipping areas for IFA prior to compliance and shipment inspections. Recheck shipment [containers, bedding plants, balled & burlapped (B&B) trees, etc.] for IFA by observing ant activity (foraging, nesting, flying, etc.) and by baiting, beating containers or disturbing plant media. Ensure interior of truck container are thoroughly cleaned of soil, debris, and check for IFA by inspection and baiting, and treat for IFA, if necessary. Shipments to Arizona: Ship only to the Arizona Department of Agriculture (AZDA) approved holding areas. A list of AZDA approved holding areas is available at: https://agriculture.az.gov/approved-holding-areas-0. a. Each shipment must be certified for freedom from IFA (and Japanese beetle, which has similar pesticide treatment requirements). AZDA may decide to inspect the shipment on arrival. Container grown plants:* Use Immersion or Dip Treatment using bifenthrin or chlorpyrifos; Drench Treatment using bifenthrin or chlorpyrifos, or Granular Incorporation of bifenthrin, fipronil or tefluthrin. B&B tree shipments:* Use Immersion or Dip Treatment using bifenthrin or chlorpyrifos, or use Drench Treatment using chlorpyrifos. Grass sod shipments:* Use liquid bifenthrin or chlorpyrifos or granular fipronil for broadcast field applications Texas Department of Agriculture Biosecurity and Environmental Resource Management 3/16/17 Hay shipments:** Hay or straw in direct contact with soil is not eligible for movement out of the IFA quarantined area. -
Michigan Hop Management Guide 2018
2018 Michigan Hop Management Guide This material is based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 2015-09785. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2 Table of Contents Growth Stages………………………………………………………………………………………3 Weed Management………………………………………………………………………….4-5 Herbicides………………..……………………………………………………………………….6-7 Fungicides……………………………..………………………………………………………….8-9 Insecticides…………………………..………………………………………………………10-11 Miticides…………………………………………………………………………………………….12 Pesticide Toxicity to Beneficial Insects…………………………………………..13-14 Nutrient Management Considerations…………………………………………15-19 Scouting Calendar………………………………………………………………………………20 Information presented here does not supersede the label directions. To protect yourself, others, and the environment, always read the label before applying any pesticide. Although efforts have been made to check the accuracy of information presented, it is the responsibility of the person using this information to verify that it is correct by reading the corresponding pesticide label in its entirety before using the product. The information presented here is intended as a guide for Michigan hop growers in selecting pesticides and is for educational purposes only. Labels can and do change. For current label and MSDS information, visit one of the following free online databases: greenbook.net, cdms.com, and agrian.com The efficacies of products listed have not been evaluated on hop in Michigan. Reference to commercial products or trade names does not imply endorsement by Michigan State University Extension or bias against those not mentioned. This information was compiled by Erin Lizotte and Dr. Robert Sirrine with assistance from Dr. -
Identifying the Cause of Sediment Toxicity in Agricultural Sediments: the Role of Pyrethroids and Nine Seldom-Measured Hydrophobic Pesticides ⇑ Donald P
Chemosphere 90 (2013) 958–964 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Chemosphere journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/chemosphere Identifying the cause of sediment toxicity in agricultural sediments: The role of pyrethroids and nine seldom-measured hydrophobic pesticides ⇑ Donald P. Weston a, , Yuping Ding b, Minghua Zhang c, Michael J. Lydy b a Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 1005 Valley Life Sciences Bldg., Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA b Fisheries and Illinois Aquaculture Center and Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, 171 Life Sciences II, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA c Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA highlights " Monitoring fails to test for many agricultural pesticides used in any given area. " Nine seldom-analyzed pesticides (e.g., abamectin) were tested for in sediments. " One-quarter of the sediment samples were toxic to the amphipod, Hyalella azteca. " The seldom-analyzed pesticides may have contributed to toxicity in a few samples. " Pyrethroid insecticides were responsible for the vast majority of toxicity. article info abstract Article history: Few currently used agricultural pesticides are routinely monitored for in the environment. Even if Received 10 January 2012 concentrations are known, sediment LC50 values are often lacking for common sediment toxicity testing Received in revised form 16 May 2012 species. To help fill this data gap, sediments in California’s Central Valley were tested for nine hydropho- Accepted 27 June 2012 bic pesticides seldom analyzed: abamectin, diazinon, dicofol, fenpropathrin, indoxacarb, methyl para- Available online 23 July 2012 thion, oxyfluorfen, propargite, and pyraclostrobin. Most were detected, but rarely at concentrations acutely toxic to Hyalella azteca or Chironomus dilutus. -
Environmental Properties of Chemicals Volume 2
1 t ENVIRONMENTAL 1 PROTECTION Esa Nikunen . Riitta Leinonen Birgit Kemiläinen • Arto Kultamaa Environmental properties of chemicals Volume 2 1 O O O O O O O O OO O OOOOOO Ol OIOOO FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTE • EDITA Esa Nikunen e Riitta Leinonen Birgit Kemiläinen • Arto Kultamaa Environmental properties of chemicals Volume 2 HELSINKI 1000 OlO 00000001 00000000000000000 Th/s is a second revfsed version of Environmental Properties of Chemica/s, published by VAPK-Pub/ishing and Ministry of Environment, Environmental Protection Department as Research Report 91, 1990. The pubiication is also available as a CD ROM version: EnviChem 2.0, a PC database runniny under Windows operating systems. ISBN 951-7-2967-2 (publisher) ISBN 952-7 1-0670-0 (co-publisher) ISSN 1238-8602 Layout: Pikseri Julkaisupalvelut Cover illustration: Jussi Hirvi Edita Ltd. Helsinki 2000 Environmental properties of chemicals Volume 2 _____ _____________________________________________________ Contents . VOLUME ONE 1 Contents of the report 2 Environmental properties of chemicals 3 Abbreviations and explanations 7 3.1 Ways of exposure 7 3.2 Exposed species 7 3.3 Fffects________________________________ 7 3.4 Length of exposure 7 3.5 Odour thresholds 8 3.6 Toxicity endpoints 9 3.7 Other abbreviations 9 4 Listofexposedspecies 10 4.1 Mammais 10 4.2 Plants 13 4.3 Birds 14 4.4 Insects 17 4.5 Fishes 1$ 4.6 Mollusca 22 4.7 Crustaceans 23 4.8 Algae 24 4.9 Others 25 5 References 27 Index 1 List of chemicals in alphabetical order - 169 Index II List of chemicals in CAS-number order -
US EPA, Pesticide Product Label, LIBERTY CHLORPYRIFOS
law UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIOc N AGENCY WASHINGTON, DC 20460 OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION «t PRO^" August 21,2014 Mr. Scott Baker . , \ Regulatory Agent Liberty Chlorpyrifos Bifenthrin 1966 W 15th Street, Suite 6 Loveland, CO 80538 Subject: Label Notification per PRN 98-10- Addition of Two Non-Public Health Pests Product Name: Liberty Chlorpyrifos Bifenthrin EPA Registration Number: 89168-20 Application Date: June 24, 2014 Decision Number: 493033 Dear Mr. Baker The Agency is in receipt of your Application for Pesticide Notification under Pesticide Registration Notice (PRN) 98-10 for the above referenced product. The Registration Division (RD) has conducted a review of this request for its applicability under PRN 98-10 and finds that the action requested falls within the scope of PRN 98-10. The label submitted with the application has been stamped "Notification" and will be placed in our records. If you have any questions, you may contact BeWanda Alexander at (703)305-7460 or via email [email protected]. Mark Soarez, Product Manager 13 Insecticide Branch Registration Division (7505P) Office of Pesticide Programs Tgjtg read iratruction* on nvone before comoi 'form. Form Approved MB No. 2070-O06O. Approval expires 2-28-85 United States Registration OPP Identifier Number Environmental Protection Agency Amendment &EPA Washington, DC 20460 Other Application for Pesticide - Section I 1. Company/Product Number 2. EPA Product Manager 3. Proposed Classification 89168-20 Gebken None Restricted 4. Company/Product (Name) PM# LIBERTY CHLORPYRIFOS BIFENTHRIN 10 5. Name and Address of Applicant (Include ZIP Code) 6. Expedited Reveiw. In accordance with FIFRA Section 3(c)(3) LIBERTY CROP PROTECTION, LLC (b)(i), my product is similar or identical in composition and labeling to: 1966 W 15th Street, Suite 6 EPA Reg. -
EPA Method 538: Determination of Selected Organic Contaminants in Drinking Water with Direct Aqueous Injection LC/MS/MS
EPA Method 538: Determination of Selected Organic Contaminants in Drinking Water with Direct Aqueous Injection LC/MS/MS E. Michael Thurman and Imma Ferrer Center for Environmental Mass Spectrometry University of Colorado Boulder, CO, USA Confidentiality Label 1 March 20, 2012 Abstract EPA Method 538 is a new method from EPA for organophosphate pesticides in drinking water. It uses direct aqueous injection; thus, no sample preparation is needed. We use both UHPLC (Agilent 1290) and MS/MS (Agilent 6460) analysis for rapid analysis and sensitive detection with ng/L limits of detection. A second MRM is added for more reliable identification. Confidentiality Label 2 March 20, 2012 Hypothesis Direct injection of organophosphate pesticides (EPA Method 538) will work by UHPLC (Agilent Model 1290) and LC/MS/MS with Jetstream (Agilent Model 6460) with trace level detection at ng/L concentrations. Confidentiality Label 3 March 20, 2012 1. Introduction-Summary 1.1 EPA Method 538 (published in November 2009 by Shoemaker) deals with Organophosphate pesticides in drinking water (1) and one other contaminant, quinoline. 1.2 The method consists of 10 compounds: acephate, aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, dicrotophos, diisopropylmethylphosphonate (DIMP), fenamiphos sulfone, fenamiphos sulfoxide, methamidophos, oxydemeton methyl, quinoline, and thiofanox with 5 labeled internal standards. 1.3 Direct aqueous injection is used with a large volume sample of 100 microliters; thus, no sample preparation is needed. 1.4 Because solid phase extraction (i.e. concentration of the sample is not carried out) suppression is mimimized in the analysis. 1.5 Part-per-Trillion Detection Limits. Confidentiality Label 4 March 20, 2012 Introduction 1.1: EPA Method 538: Determination of Selected Organic Contaminants in Drinking Water by Direct Aqueous Injection by Jody Shoemaker, EPA Cincinnati, OH [email protected] 513-569-7298 Confidentiality Label 5 March 20, 2012 Introduction: 1.2. -
EPA Method 538: Determination of Selected Organic Contaminants in Drinking Water by Aqueous Direct Injection and LC/MS/MS Summar
EPA Method 538: Determination of Selected Organic Contaminants in Drinking Water by Aqueous Direct Injection and LC/MS/MS UCT Part Numbers: SLAQ100ID21-3UM - Selectra® Aqueous C18, 100 x 2.1mm, 3µm SLAQGDC20-3UM - Selectra® Aqueous C18, Guard column, 10 x 2.0mm, 3µm SLGRDHLDR - Guard Cartridge Holder June 2015 Summary: This application outlines a direct aqueous injection-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (DAI-LC/MS/MS) method for the determination of 11 selected organic contaminants in drinking water, including methamidophos, acephate, aldicarb sulfoxide, oxydemeton methyl, dicrotophos, aldicarb, diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP), fenamiphos sulfone, fenamiphos sulfoxide, thiofanox, and quinoline [1]. Dicrotophos, oxydemeton methyl, methamidophos, and acephate are UCMR4 compounds. An Aqueous C18 HPLC column was utilized for analyte retention and separation. Calibration curves were constructed using calibration standards prepared in reagent water with preservative reagents for analyte quantitation. The responses were linear over the entire analytical ranges (R2 ≥ 0.9970). Excellent accuracy (90 - 111%) and precision (RSD% < 20%, n=7) were achieved for fortified reagent water and tap water samples. Procedure: 1. Preserve drinking water sample with 64 mg/L of sodium omadine (antimicrobial) and 1.5 g/L of ammonium acetate (binding free chlorine). 2. Mix 0.99 mL of the preserved water sample with 10 μL of 0.4-12.5 ng/μL internal standard mixture, and vortex for 30 sec. 3. Inject 50 μL onto LC/MS/MS equipped with an aqueous -
Development and Validation of a Method for the Simultaneous
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by UGD Academic Repository American Journal of Applie d Chemistry 2014; 2(4): 46-54 Published online August 10, 2014 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ajac) doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140204.11 ISSN: 2330-8753 (Print); ISSN: 2330-8745 (Online) Development and validation of a method for the simultaneous determination of 20 organophosphorus pesticide residues in corn by accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection Vesna Kostik *, Biljana Gjorgeska, Bistra Angelovska Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacy, University “Goce Delchev”, Shtip, Republic of Macedonia Email address: [email protected] (V. Kostik), [email protected] (B. Gjorgeska), [email protected] (B. Angelovska) To cite this article: Vesna Kostik, Biljana Gjorgeska, Bistra Angelovska. Development and Validation of a Method for the Simultaneous Determination of 20 Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Corn by Accelerated Solvent Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Nitrogen Phosphorus Detection. American Journal of Applied Chemistry. Vol. 2, No. 4, 2014, pp. 46-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140204.11 Abstract: The method for simultaneous determination of 20 organophosphorus pesticide residues in corn samples has been developed and validated. For the extraction of organophosporus pesticide residues from the samples, the accelerated solvent technique with the mixture of dichloromethane: acetone (1:1, V/V ) was used. Clean up was done using liquid – liquid extraction with n – hexane, followed by solid phase extraction on primary secondary amine adsorbent, and elution with the mixture of acetone: toluene (65:35). The determination of the pesticides was carried out by gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection. -
The Effect of Processing on 14 C-Chlofenvinphos Residues In
EG0800342 The Effect of Processing on 14C- Chlorfenvinphos Residues in Maize Oil and Bioavailability of its Cake Residues on Rats F. Mahdy, S. El-Maghraby National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt ABSTRACT Maize seed obtained from 14C-chlorfenvinphos treated plants contained 0.12 % of the applied dose. The insecticide residues in crude oil, methanol and coke amounted to 10 %, 6 % and 69 %, respectively of original residues inside the seeds.The 14C-activity in the crude oil could be a gradual reduced by the refining processes. The alkali treatment and bleaching steps are more effective steps in the refining processes remove about (63 %). The refined oil contained only about 17 % of the 14C-residues originally present. The major residues in processed oil contain parent compound, in addition to five metabolites of the insecticide. When rats fed the extracted seeds (cake), the bound residues were found to be considerably bioavailable. After feeding rats for 5 days with the cake, a substantial amount of 14C-residues was eliminated in the urine (59.5 %), while about 20 % was excreted in the feces. About 15 % of the radioactivity was distribution among various organs. Keywords: 14C-chlorfenvinphos, maize oil, refining processes, residues, bioavailability. INTRODUCTION Pesticides are of interest as residues because of their widespread use in a variety of crops for field and post-harvest protection and because with their degradation products, they could be a potential health hazard. Past investigations suggest that most organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide in edible oils can be reduced considerably by a chemical refining process, but pyrethroid pesticides remain to a certain extent (1-6). -
3-27-2017 Nerve Agents
Week of March 13, 2017 – Nerve Agents Last month, on February 13, Kim Jong-nam, the exiled half-brother of North Korea's ruler, Kim Jong Un, was murdered by having the nerve agent, VX-gas, sprayed into his face while at Malaysia’s Kuala Lumpur International Airport. According to the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), VX is the most toxic nerve agent ever synthesized. The CFR (founded in 1921) is a United States 4900-member organization, nonprofit, publisher, and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs. The median lethal dose (LD50) of VX due to skin contact (not ingestion) for humans is estimated to be about 10 mg or 0.00035 ounces (that’s about 1/20 of a drop of liquid!). The median lethal airborne concentration (LC50) for this material, for which humans would inhale, is estimated to be 30 – 50 milligrams per cubic meter for only one minute! Typically, inhalation exposures are measured over an 8-hour time period. Yet, the effectiveness of VX is measured as an airborne exposure contaminant within a minute time period! VX is one a of number of chemical substances that is classified as a nerve agent. The principal nerve agents are sarin (GB), soman (GD), tabun (GA), and VX. They are manmade compounds that have been manufactured for the sole purpose to be used in chemical warfare. Nerve agents are organophosphorus compounds and therefore, are similar in mechanism of action as a number of pesticides; some of the most notable being malathion, parathion, and diazinon. As its name implies, these chemicals have a phosphorus atom connected to an organic molecule; the molecular variations of these materials are quite numerous.