DOCSLIB.ORG

L'itinerario Intellettuale Di Max Ascoli Nato a Ferrara Nel 1898, Da Famiglia Ebraica, Il Pa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
L'itinerario Intellettuale Di Max Ascoli Nato a Ferrara Nel 1898, Da Famiglia Ebraica, Il Pa MAX ASCOLI Da Ferrara a New York: l’itinerario intellettuale di Max Ascoli Nato a Ferrara nel 1898, da famiglia ebraica, il padre Enrico era un commerciante di granaglie, la madre, Adriana Finzi, un’esponente di una famiglia benestante della città emiliana, Ascoli si laureò nel 1920 in legge nell’Università della sua città con una tesi di filosofia del diritto, discussa con Alessandro Levi, esponente di spicco del positivismo giuridico italiano. In questo ambito disciplinare, egli, a partire dal 1924, pubblicò alcuni interessanti contributi e parallelamente all’attività scientifica, Ascoli avviò anche quella di pubblicista collaborando a tutte le più importanti riviste del primo antifascismo: dalla "Rivoluzione Liberale" di Piero Gobetti a "Quarto Stato" di Nenni e Carlo Rosselli, fino a "Il Mondo" e a "Non mollare". Dopo un primo arresto e una condanna al confino, vistosi preclusa la carriera accademica, nel 1931 Max Ascoli riuscì, grazie ad una borsa della Fondazione Rockefeller, a lasciare l’Italia e a trasferirsi a New York presso la New School for Social Research, diretta da Alvin Johnson, dove iniziò una lunga e prestigiosa carriera che nel giro di pochi anni lo portò ad occupare una posizione di primo piano nell’establishment americano che mantenne fino alla morte avvenuta nel 1978. Nel dopoguerra l’attività di Ascoli si concentrò prevalentemente sulla rivista “The Reporter”, da lui fondata nel 1949 e diretta fino al 1968. Indubbiamente l’approdo alla New School rappresentò uno dei punti di svolta più significativi della biografia intellettuale e politica di Ascoli. Sul piano intellettuale egli si trovò proiettato al centro di un network di relazioni scientifiche di eccezionale livello, spostando decisamente l’asse dei suoi interessi verso le discipline politiche ed economiche. Lavorò assieme a studiosi del calibro di Emil Lederer, Jacob Marshak, Theodor Geiger, Franz Neumann, Hans Speir, Leo Strauss, quasi tutti impegnati nello studio dei caratteri dei moderni totalitarismi. L’ingresso nella New School consentì, inoltre, a Max Ascoli di accelerare il suo inserimento nella società americana e di stabilire solidi rapporti con il mondo politico ed economico americano. Risalgono a quegli anni l’amicizia con Adolf Berle, assistente di Stato e con la famiglia Roosevelt. Unico italiano presente nell’”Università in esilio”, in pochi anni consolidò la sua posizione fino ad arrivare ruoli di responsabilità significativi nella Graduate Faculty of Political and Social Science (nel 1939 fu nominato dean), in virtù dei quali riuscì a creare le condizioni per inserire nell’istituzione newyorkese giovani studiosi italiani, rompendo così l’egemonia tedesca. Grazie ad Ascoli approdarono, tra gli altri, alla New School con varie borse di studio e incarichi Paolo Milano, Nino Levi, Lionello Venturi, Paolo Contini, Giorgio Santillana, Alessandro Pekelis, Mario Einaudi e Franco Modigliani che si formò sotto la guida del citato Marschak. Ascoli occupò anche ruoli importanti nella rivista “Social Research”, pubblicata a partire dal 1934 dalla stessa facoltà. In questa prestigiosa sede pubblicò molti articoli sulle origini dei sistemi totalitari degli anni '30, sulle nuove relazioni internazionali (la documentazione prodotta dalla New School in quest’ambito venne utilizzata dall’Office of Strategic Service-OSS), sul New Deal. Collaborò a molte altre riviste (tra cui “Foreign Affaire”, Atlantic Monthly”, “The Nation”), ed ebbe ruoli di responsabilità in varie istituzioni scientifiche, culturali e diplomatiche americane tra cui citiamo: American Institute of Pacific Relations, Bureau of Latin America Relations, Center for International Economic Growth, Comite International d’Aide aux Intellectuels, Committee for a National Trade Policy, Comittee for Relief to Victmins of nazi-fascism, Inter-American Affairs office della Nelson Rockefeller’s Foundation, Concil for Democracy, Concil for Foreign Relations. Non è, dunque, un caso se un documento dell’Ambasciata italiana a Washington, datato, ottobre 1941, lo descrive come il più influente fuoriuscito italiano e “uno dei più pericolosi antifascisti che risiedano negli Stati Uniti”. Per la notorietà di cui godette e per i diversi ruoli che ricoprì, Ascoli - assieme a Gaetano Salvemini, docente di storia e cultura italiane ad Harvard dal 1933 al 1948 – divenne il punto di riferimento per gli esuli italiani e il personaggio chiave della battaglia antifascista condotta negli Stati Uniti. Mantenne i contatti con Ferrara e nel dopoguerra donò all’ospedale della sua città il Padiglione di oculistica, a lui intitolato .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Isaiah Berlin Papers (PDF)
    Catalogue of the papers of Sir Isaiah Berlin, 1897-1998, with some family papers, 1903-1972 This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on 2019-10-14 Finding aid written in English Bodleian Libraries Weston Library Broad Street Oxford, , OX1 3BG [email protected] https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/weston Catalogue of the papers of Sir Isaiah Berlin, 1897-1998, with some family papers, 1903-1972 Table Of Contents Summary Information .............................................................................................................................. 4 Language of Materials ......................................................................................................................... 4 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Biographical / Historical ..................................................................................................................... 4 Scope and Contents ............................................................................................................................. 5 Arrangement ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Custodial History ................................................................................................................................. 5 Immediate Source of Acquisition .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Smart Power in U.S.-Spain Relations, 1969-1986
    THE ROLE OF SMART POWER IN U.S.-SPAIN RELATIONS, 1969-1986 By DAVID A. JUSTICE Bachelor of Arts in History Athens State University Athens, Alabama 2012 Master of Arts in History University of North Alabama Florence, Alabama 2014 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May, 2020 THE ROLE OF SMART POWER IN U.S.-SPAIN RELATIONS, 1969-1986 Dissertation Approved: Dr. Laura Belmonte Dissertation Adviser Dr. Douglas Miller Dr. Matthew Schauer Dr. Isabel Álvarez-Sancho ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation, this labor of love, would not be complete if it were not for a number of people. First, I would like to thank my dissertation committee of brilliant scholars. My advisor Laura Belmonte was integral in shaping this work and myself as an academic. Since my arrival at Oklahoma State, Dr. B has crafted me into the scholar that I am now. Her tireless encouragement, editing of multiple drafts, and support of this ever evolving project will always be appreciated. She also provided me with numerous laughs from the presidential pups, Willy and James. Doug Miller has championed my work since we began working together, and his candor and unconditional support was vital to finishing. Also, our discussions of Major League Baseball were much needed during coursework. Matt Schauer’s mentorship was integral to my time at Oklahoma State. The continuous laughter and support during meetings, along with discussions of classic films, were vital to my time at Oklahoma State.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction 1 Revolutionary Apprenticeship
    Notes Introduction 1. Felice Guadagni and Renato Vidal, eds., Omaggio alla memoria imperitura di Carlo Tresca (New York: Il Martello, 1943), 43 (cited hereafter as Omaggio). 2. Ibid., 46. 3. David Montgomery, Workers’ Control in America: Studies in the History of Work, Technology, and Labor Struggles (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979), 105. 4. Arturo Giovannitti’s foreword to Who Killed Carlo Tresca? (New York: Tresca Memorial Committee, 1945), 3. 5. Normad wrote an unpublished biography of Tresca bearing that title. Copies in the author’s collection and the Tresca Memorial Committee papers at the New York Public Library. 6. Guadagni and Vidal, Omaggio, 46. 1 Revolutionary Apprenticeship 1. See Italia Gualtieri, ed., Carlo Tresca: Vita e morte di un anarchico italiano in America (Chieti: Casa Editrice Tinari, 1994). 2. For details regarding Tresca’s parents, see The Autobiography of Carlo Tresca, edited by Nunzio Pernicone (New York: The John D. Calandra Italian American Institute, 2003), 1–7; Guadagni and Vidal, Omaggio, 6–7. Also, the author’s interview with Tresca’s daughter, Beatrice Tresca Rapport, Arlington, MA, November 12–14, 1973. After the ini- tial interview, Mrs. Rapport provided the author with additional information in several lengthy letters and more than a dozen long-distance telephone calls. For the sake of brevity, only the interview will be cited hereafter. 3. Tresca, Autobiography, 11–15; Interview with Beatrice Tresca Rapport; Cenno Biografico, in the Archivio Centrale dello Stato, Ministero dell’Interno, Direzione Generale di Pubblica Sicurezza, Casellario Politico Centrale: Tresca, Ettore. See also the commemorative issue of Il Martello (February 17, 1942) honoring Ettore after his death on January 15, 1942.
    [Show full text]
  • Union Democracy and the Landrum-Griffin Act
    UNION DEMOCRACY AND THE LANDRUM-GRIFFIN ACT IIEiNi N BENSON* I INTRODUCTION After the massive and largely successful wave of strikes that followed World War II, the labor movement established itself as a permanent and powerful force in the United States. Once the movement's power was estab- lished, a wide-ranging debate developed over the proper role of trade unions in American life. This debate often focused on the relationship between unionism and democracy and, in particular, on the nature of internal union democracy. During the postwar period, a broad spectrum of views on union democ- racy was expressed. In American Trade Union Democracy,' William Leiserson set out to "challenge common assumptions about union democ- racy."' 2 Leiserson argued that the lack of democracy in certain parts of the labor movement was not aberrant, but rather an "expression[ ] of a trend away from American democratic principles. -'3 Leiserson added that "[n]o one knows enough about American union governments to give a definitive answer to the question whether organized labor is actually becoming a menace to freedom, or whether despite serious lapses among the organiza- tions into autocratic patterns, its overall movement is toward more democ- ' 4 racy and enlarged freedom. " Max Ascoli, editor and owner of the Reporter, editorialized about "the limited amount of democracy organized labor can bear."!; Ascoli asserted that democratic principles could not be directly applied to the labor move- ment, adding that "democracy is weakened and defiled whenever the at- tempt is made to extend it beyond the range of public government."" Even so, Ascoli was a strong believer in the advantages of federal intervention and of guarantees of individual rights.
    [Show full text]
  • Democracy and Facism: from Europe to America Author(S): Peter Rutkoff and William B
    Democracy and Facism: From Europe to America Author(s): Peter Rutkoff and William B. Scott Source: State, Culture, and Society, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Autumn, 1984), pp. 26-60 Published by: Springer Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20006792 Accessed: 13-02-2020 21:35 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms Springer is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to State, Culture, and Society This content downloaded from 149.31.21.88 on Thu, 13 Feb 2020 21:35:37 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Democracy and Facism: From Europe to America by Peter Rutkoff and William B. Scott War in Our Times, a study by European emigre scholars, was aimed at the tragedy of appeasement. Edited by Hans Speier, the volume examined the failure of parliamentary democracy during the Weimar Republic as an explanation for Munich.1 Its authors, the individuals who formed the Graduate Faculty at the New School, drew on their experiences in postwar European politics. As refugee intellec? tuals they believed that it was their duty to educate. Between 1933 and 1939 as sociologists, economists, and political scientists, these Euro? pean ?migr?s at the New School addressed the most important issue of their era: the nature of German and Italian fascism.
    [Show full text]
  • American Sympathizers with Italian Fascism A
    The Machine Has a Soul: American Sympathizers with Italian Fascism A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History By Catherine Susan Mary Hull, M.A. Washington, DC December 12, 2017 Copyright 2018 by Catherine Susan Mary Hull All Rights Reserved ii THE MACHINE HAS A SOUL: AMERICAN SYMPATHIZERS WITH ITALIAN FASCISM Catherine Susan Mary Hull, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Michael Kazin, Ph.D. ABSTRACT Americans across the political and cultural spectrum sympathized with Italian fascism in the interwar years. This dissertation demonstrates that American fascist sympathizers believed that Italy was coping better with the challenges of modernity than the United States. Fascist sympathizers argued that fascist squads revived older values of service and honor, even as Mussolini kept pace with a fast-moving society. They claimed that the corporate state was an up-to-date form of government, which protected Italians from the worst effects of the global depression. And, as the fascist state became increasingly totalitarian, they represented Italy as a place where men and women could transcend the grit and grind of modern life to find inner peace. American fascist sympathizers had various goals when they invoked Italy’s apparent successes in managing the challenges of modernity. First, they aimed to expose faults in their own society: the numbing effects of standardization; the erosion of higher ideals; the failure of government to protect Americans from the ravages of industrialization. Second, they suggested solutions to the United States’ problems: the reform of government to promote expertise in policymaking; and measures to create jobs and support the return to a simpler life.
    [Show full text]
  • He History of W  F U  V | –
    he History of W F U V | – he History of W F U V | – by Edwin Graves Wilson -, W F U C © E G W, A F , , : L D , W F U, P.O. B , W-S, NC . J D U. T M P S. P -, U S A. L C C N: ISBN ---- F N A E W, E G, - T H W F U. In Grateful Memory R H B (-) R A D (-) M H R (-) J R S (-) W G S (-) So many friends and colleagues—from the faculty, from the sta, from the ranks of the alumni—have helped me during the writing of this History that I dare not even begin to list them all. I hope that they will forgive me if I do not mention them, one by one, but instead single out a few people whose contributions have been necessary and continuing. First, I want to acknowledge the authors of the een “In Retrospect” essays, all of them students during the Scales presidency. I hope that readers of this History will appreciate, as much as I do, their memories and observations as providing a perspective on campus life that I would not have been qualied to give. Members of the sta of the Z. Smith Reynolds Library have been unfailingly ready to assist me, but I must name, as having been particu- larly helpful, Julia Bradford from the University archives. I don’t know how many times she has opened the locked door of the sixth oor stacks so that I could explore papers and documents that I needed to consult.
    [Show full text]
  • Gaetano Salvemini: a Lesson in Thought and Action Michael Christopher Diclemente University of Massachusetts Boston
    University of Massachusetts Boston ScholarWorks at UMass Boston Graduate Masters Theses Doctoral Dissertations and Masters Theses 6-1-2012 Gaetano Salvemini: A Lesson in Thought and Action Michael Christopher DiClemente University of Massachusetts Boston Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.umb.edu/masters_theses Part of the Political History Commons, and the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation DiClemente, Michael Christopher, "Gaetano Salvemini: A Lesson in Thought and Action" (2012). Graduate Masters Theses. Paper 90. This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Doctoral Dissertations and Masters Theses at ScholarWorks at UMass Boston. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at UMass Boston. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GAETANO SALVEMINI: A LESSON IN THOUGHT AND ACTION A Thesis Presented by MICHAEL C. DICLEMENTE Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies, University of Massachusetts Boston, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS June 2012 History Program © 2012 by Michael C. DiClemente All rights reserved GAETANO SALVEMINI: A LESSON IN THOUGHT AND ACTION A Thesis Presented by MICHAEL C. DICLEMENTE Approved as to style and content by: _____________________________________________ Spencer DiScala, Professor Chairperson of Committee _____________________________________________ Vincent J. Cannato, Associate Professor Member _____________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Instead Draws Upon a Much More Generic Sort of Free-Jazz Tenor
    1 Funding for the Smithsonian Jazz Oral History Program NEA Jazz Master interview was provided by the National Endowment for the Arts. NAT HENTOFF NEA Jazz Master (2004) Interviewee: Nat Hentoff (June 10, 1925 – January 7, 2017) Interviewer: Loren Schoenberg with audio engineer Ken Kimery Date: February 17-18, 2007 Repository: Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution Description: Transcript, 80 pp. Schoenberg: It’s February 17th, 2007. We’re at 35 West 12th Street in New York City. My name is Loren Schoenberg. Our guest is Nat Hentoff. We’re interviewing him for the Smithsonian Oral History project. I start off by saying, Nat, this is something I’ve been looking forward to do for a long time. It’s an honor to be talking to you this afternoon. Hentoff: Thank you sir. It’s an honor to talk to somebody who’s an actual musician, not a jazz master without a horn. Schoenberg: We’re talking with Nat Hentoff. There are so many places to go in this interview. Before I ask a question – I’m going to hopefully disappear pretty soon as a voice on this tape, because you don’t need to hear me asking questions – I want to set a groundwork and context for the interview, the things that I would like to focus on, at least for a starter. We’re talking with someone here who was on a personal level friendship with, just to name a few people, Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, Charlie Parker, Thelonious Monk, John Coltrane, Charles Mingus, Frankie Newton, Jo Jones, and Sidney Bechet.
    [Show full text]
  • The Neoconservative Persuasion
    An Autobiographical Memoir 317 If ever there was a regimen that might have provoked rebelliousness, this was it. But though I obviously had not the faintest interest in my Jewish stud- ies, I felt no impulse to rebel. I was duly bar-mitzvahed, making the conven- tional speech (in a memorized Yiddish) in which I thanked the rabbi and my parents for bringing me to this glorious day. I even continued to attend the An Autobiographical yeshiva for at least six months afterwards, though I was not required to and my parents never encouraged me to. Then when I was sixteen my mother died of Memoir stomach cancer, and for the next six months I would get up at dawn, just when my father was setting off to work, and go to the synagogue to say the morning prayers, which included a prayer for one’s recently deceased loved one. Again, my father never urged me to do this, and he himself seems never to have con- sidered doing it. So why did I do it? Is there such a thing as a “neo” gene? I ask that question because, looking back I don’t know the answer to that. Though I took some adolescent pride in over a lifetime of my opinions, I am struck by the fact that they all qualify as being a member of the “chosen people,” I felt no passionate attachment to Ju- “neo.” I have been a neo-Marxist, a neo-Trotskyist, a neo-socialist, a neoliberal, daism, or to Zionism, or even to the Jewish people.
    [Show full text]
  • Transatlantica, 1 | 2014 “Our Life Was Divided in Many Facets”:Anna Foa Yona, an Anti-Fascist Jewish R
    Transatlantica Revue d’études américaines. American Studies Journal 1 | 2014 Exile and Expatriation “Our Life Was Divided in Many Facets”: Anna Foa Yona, an Anti-Fascist Jewish Refugee in Wartime United States Stefano Luconi Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/transatlantica/6952 DOI: 10.4000/transatlantica.6952 ISSN: 1765-2766 Publisher AFEA Electronic reference Stefano Luconi, ““Our Life Was Divided in Many Facets”: Anna Foa Yona, an Anti-Fascist Jewish Refugee in Wartime United States”, Transatlantica [Online], 1 | 2014, Online since 29 September 2014, connection on 29 April 2021. URL: http:// journals.openedition.org/transatlantica/6952 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/transatlantica.6952 This text was automatically generated on 29 April 2021. Transatlantica – Revue d'études américaines est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. “Our Life Was Divided in Many Facets”:Anna Foa Yona, an Anti-Fascist Jewish R... 1 “Our Life Was Divided in Many Facets”1: Anna Foa Yona, an Anti-Fascist Jewish Refugee in Wartime United States Stefano Luconi Introduction 1 Migration studies have dismissed the somewhat uncritical and romantic celebration of the heroic saga of the political expatriates as professional revolutionaries who traveled the world to spread the “Idea” and allegedly lived adventurously on the run. This vision used to draw in part upon the theoretical distinction between political exile and economic migration. Yet scholarship now emphasizes how thin the line between these two categories is (Témine, 1991, 57-72).2 Not only do lack of freedom and police repression, on one side, and shrinking means of subsistence, on the other, quite often intertwine in causing people to depart from their motherlands.
    [Show full text]
  • 111111.25111Uvas
    11111" 111111.25111Uvas MICROCOPY RESOLLITIONTEST CHART inioriAL DOCUMENT RESUME ,ED 079 211 SO 006-024 TITLE National Endowment for the Humanities. Seventh Annual Report [for 1972]. INSTITUTION National Endowment for the Humanities (NFAH), Washington, D.C._ PUB DATE 73 NOTE 132p.; 1972 Annual Report AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Stock No. 3600 00014, $1.75) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$6.58 DESCRIPTORS Annual Reports; Educational Finance; *Educational, Programs; Federal Aid; *Humanities ABSTRACT The annual report describes and disdusses bumanit::. programs which support the parallel development of research, scholarships and institutions with a broader public education program..Programs described in this repdrt represent the Endowment's efforts to bring the disciplines of the humanities to bearon -. problems of national concern.. Following an introduction to the seventh annual report, Fritz Machlup explains a conceptual framework for his study concerning 'gleaming MOre About Knowledgeu and reports findings on the recent growth in dissemination of humanistic knowledge. The divisions of public,.education, research, and fellowship prograis, each arranged in a separate section, are briefly described along-with an explanation of the function of the Office of Planning and Analysis--an office responsible for funding experiments to find better ways to carry out the Endowment's public mandate.. Appendices include a brief history of the Endowment; information for applicants; financial
    [Show full text]