Il Parlamento E L'evoluzione Degli Strumenti Della Legislazione
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Violence in Fascist Criminal Law Discourse: War, Repression and Anti-Democracy
Int J Semiot Law DOI 10.1007/s11196-012-9296-3 Violence in Fascist Criminal Law Discourse: War, Repression and Anti-Democracy Stephen Skinner Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2012 Abstract This article constructs a critical historical, political and theoretical analysis of the essence of Fascist criminal law discourse in terms of the violence that shaped and characterised it. The article examines the significance of violence in key declarations about the role and purpose of criminal law by Alfredo Rocco, Fascist Minister of Justice and leading ideologue, in his principal speech on the final draft of the 1930 Italian Penal Code. It is grounded on the premise that criminal law is particularly significant for understanding the relationship between State power and individuals, and so what was distinctive about Fascist thinking in this regard. The article analyses Rocco’s declarations as a discourse in order to highlight their contextual foundations, construction and ideological connections. It argues that the core theme of that discourse is violence, which has three principal dimensions: a close historical and rhetorical connection with war, a focus on repressive and intimidatory force, and a paramount concern with subordinating individuals to State interests. The article then uses this analysis to develop a theoretical reading of the nexus between criminal law and violence in Fascism, in terms of its foundations and reversal of ends and means. The article thus provides an original perspective on Fascism and criminal law, which it argues is important for critical engagement with criminal law discourse in our democracies today. Keywords Fascism Á Violence Á Criminal law Á Anti-democracy Á Democracy S. -
La Rivista Del Manifesto
la rivista del manifesto We publish below the article with which Lucio Magri, the editor of La Rivista del Manifesto, announced the suspension of the journal in December 2004. Magri, who joined the Italian Communist Party in the mid 1950s, soon revealed himself as its most original younger thinker, with critical essays on the Popular Front, the revolutionary party (see nlr i/60, 1970), and a striking book on ’68 in France, Considerazione sui fatti di Maggio. In 1969, he was expelled from the pci along with the group of dissidents—Rossana Rossanda, Luigi Pintor, Luciana Castellina, Aldo Natoli and others—who had founded the journal Il Manifesto, judged a dangerous threat by the leadership. Active in the independ- ent Left and the peace movement over the next two decades (see his articles ‘The Peace Movement and European Socialism’, nlr i/131, 1982, and ‘The European Left between Crisis and Refoundation’, nlr i/189, 1991), Magri became for a number of years one of the leaders of Rifondazione Comunista when the pci split, after jettisoning its name, in 1991. Four years later, he withdrew from the rc when it refused to support the formation of the Dini cabinet, created after the Northern League’s defection from Berlusconi’s first government. In 1996, after a narrow electoral victory, the Centre Left came to power. It was under the Prodi government, initially reliant on the rc’s parliamen- tary support, that the veterans of Il Manifesto, in collaboration with the rc leader Fausto Bertinotti and the former-pci intellectuals Pietro Ingrao and Aldo Tortorella, re-created the monthly journal of the 1960s, now (to distinguish it from the daily) as La Rivista del Manifesto, under Magri’s editorship. -
The Left in Europe
ContentCornelia Hildebrandt / Birgit Daiber (ed.) The Left in Europe Political Parties and Party Alliances between Norway and Turkey Cornelia Hildebrandt / Birgit Daiber (ed.): The Left in Europe. Political Parties and Party Alliances between Norway and Turkey A free paperback copy of this publication in German or English can be ordered by email to [email protected]. © Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Brussels Office 2009 2 Content Preface 5 Western Europe Paul-Emile Dupret 8 Possibilities and Limitations of the Anti-Capitalist Left in Belgium Cornelia Hildebrandt 18 Protests on the Streets of France Sascha Wagener 30 The Left in Luxemburg Cornelia Weissbach 41 The Left in The Netherlands Northern Europe Inger V. Johansen 51 Denmark - The Social and Political Left Pertti Hynynen / Anna Striethorst 62 Left-wing Parties and Politics in Finland Dag Seierstad 70 The Left in Norway: Politics in a Centre-Left Government Henning Süßer 80 Sweden: The Long March to a coalition North Western Europe Thomas Kachel 87 The Left in Brown’s Britain – Towards a New Realignment? Ken Ahern / William Howard 98 Radical Left Politics in Ireland: Sinn Féin Central Europe Leo Furtlehner 108 The Situation of the Left in Austria 3 Stanislav Holubec 117 The Radical Left in Czechia Cornelia Hildebrandt 130 DIE LINKE in Germany Holger Politt 143 Left-wing Parties in Poland Heiko Kosel 150 The Communist Party of Slovakia (KSS) Southern Europe Mimmo Porcaro 158 The Radical Left in Italy between national Defeat and European Hope Dominic Heilig 166 The Spanish Left -
The Radical Left Since 1989 : Decline, Transformation, and Revival Bull, MJ
The radical left since 1989 : decline, transformation, and revival Bull, MJ Title The radical left since 1989 : decline, transformation, and revival Authors Bull, MJ Type Book Section URL This version is available at: http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/52681/ Published Date 2019 USIR is a digital collection of the research output of the University of Salford. Where copyright permits, full text material held in the repository is made freely available online and can be read, downloaded and copied for non-commercial private study or research purposes. Please check the manuscript for any further copyright restrictions. For more information, including our policy and submission procedure, please contact the Repository Team at: [email protected]. The Radical Left since 1989: Decline, Transformation and Revival Martin J. Bull Any assessment of the impact on the West of the Cold War in 1989 cannot fail to consider the question of what has happened to that political space to the left of social democracy occupied since the Russian Revolution by western communist parties. Indeed, the overthrow of the communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe posed an immediate and dramatic question about these parties: whether they had any further relevance (albeit as opposition parties) in the western political systems of which they played a part. After all, their very creation and continued existence had been predicated on an equally monumental historical event: the Russian Revolution of 1917. That revolution had ushered in a long-term distinction between social democratic parties on the one hand and communist parties on the other, some of which (in the East) became rulers, while others (in the West) became long- term opposition parties to the capitalist system. -
Il Manifesto” Del 3 Ottobre 2004
«A queste ritorme diciamo mille no» di Micaela Bongi pubblicato su “Il Manifesto” del 3 ottobre 2004 I1 «richiamo» ai partiti del listone, che a Montecitorio si erano astenuti sull'articolo I delle riforme? «Ma..., mi è venuto spontaneo, non ho fatto un approfondimento particola- re. Mi son detto: che vuol dire è così per l'articolo 1'? Dopo 1'1 vengono il 2, il 3, il 4...». Salito nel pomeriggio sul palco del Gran Teatro romano dove l'associazione Astrid e Li- bertà giustizia hanno organizzato il convegno «Salviamo la Costituzione», Romano Prodi risponde alle domande di David Sassoli che poco prima al leader dei Ds Piero Fassino aveva chiesto: «Basta tentennamenti?». Per sentirsi rispondere che figurarsi, non se ne parla, «non abbiamo avuto tentennamenti nella battaglia parlamentare». II Professore, a scanso di equivoci, ribadisce il concetto. Alle riforme della Casa berlu- sconiana dice «no, no, no, tre volte no, mille volte no». II monito del presidente della repubblica, Carlo Azeglio Ciampi? E' la maggioranza a doverlo ascoltare, «è un richiamo che dovrebbe far meditare molto il legislatore, a questo punto il dibattito in parlamento non può più essere lo stesso». Ma poiché pur di tenersi insieme questo governo e questa maggioranza - che «hanno già fatto tanto danno all'Italia e agli italiani, li hanno condotti a una guerra senza sbocco, li hanno resi più poveri, più incerti e insicuri» - stanno anche «colpendo profondamente la democrazia». Prodi incalza: «bisogna opporsi a questa prepotenza e a questa violenza con tutte le armi a nostra disposizione appellandoci al popolo italiano». La strada, insomma, è quella dei referendum, condivisa da Fassino. -
Rifondazione and Europe: a Party Competition Analysis
Rifondazione and Europe: A party competition analysis Giorgos Charalambous Department of Politics University of Manchester [email protected] Paper prepared to be presented at the 58th Political Studies Association, Annual Conference, Swansea (UK), April 1-3. 1 Copyright PSA 2008 Abstract This paper adresses the attitude of Rifondazione Comunista on Europe (European Integration and the European Union) between 1992 and 2006. This is done through an analysis of its positions and institutional action in the Italian electoral arena and partly based on common assumptions and analytical frameworks of the prevailing literature; that is, party system analysis. Findings show that Rifondazione has achieved two things, that are almost in direct contradiction with each other. Firstly, it gradually increased the use of the issue of European integration to emphasise its radical identity, target the Eurosceptics and other radical sections of the electorate and differentiate itself as clearly as possible from the centre-left. Secondly, it underwent positional reallaignment towards a softer approach, mostly, throgh its voting behavior in the Italian parliament and its support for the centre-left governments. A broad discussion assesses the findings of this case study and illuminates larger questions about party attitudes towards European integration. 2 Copyright PSA 2008 INTRODUCTION Apart from being a study which attempts to provide insights into the tactical and strategic considerations of parties, when Europe is put on the agenda, a study of Rifondazione Comunista's electoral attitude towards European integration merits attention due to three main reasons. Firstly, Rifondazione Comunista's first fifteen years coincided with the 'intensive years' of European integration. -
Livio Maitan Bio-Bibliographical Sketch
Lubitz' TrotskyanaNet Livio Maitan Bio-Bibliographical Sketch Contents: Basic biographical data Biographical sketch Selective bibliography Sidelines, notes on archives Basic biographical data Name: Livio Maitan Other names (by-names, pseud. etc.): Claudio ; Domingo ; Fausto ; Claudio Giuliani ; L.M. ; Libero ; Livio ; Claudio Mangani ; Mario Date and place of birth: April 1, 1923, Venezia [Venice] (Italy) Date and place of death: September 16, 2004, Roma [Rome] (Italy) Nationality: Italian Occupations, careers, etc.: historian, lecturer, journalist, translator, editor, party leader, professional revolutionary Time of activity in Trotskyist movement: 1947 - 2004 (lifelong Trotskyist) Biographical sketch This short biographical sketch is chiefly based upon autobiographical notes which Livio Maitan sent to me on request in 1996 and on some of the obituaries listed below (see Selective bibliography: Books and articles about Maitan, below). Livio Maitan – together with Ernest Mandel and Pierre Frank the European top-leader and chief the- oretician of the Fourth International (International/United Secretariat) during the 1950s-1980s – was born in Venezia (Venice) on April 1, 1923 as a son of a teacher and a housewife. Maitan got married in 1954 and was divorced in 1983; he had two sons, Gianni (b. 1959) and Marco (b. 1963). In 1942, when studying classical literature (Greek and Latin) at the University of Padua, he became active in the anti-fascist resistance movement and in 1943 he joined the illegal PSIUP (Partito So- cialista Italiano di Unità Proletaria, Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity). In 1944 he was sen- tenced by a fascist court, escaped to Switzerland and had to spent several months in internment camps there before he could return to Italy in May 1945. -
Ma Per Chi Vota Fausto?
Ma per chi vota Fausto? Per chi vota Fausto Bertinotti? Domanda e curiosità sono più che legittime. Tutti i leader appartati negli ultimi anni dalla politica attiva si sono già espressi: Romano Prodi, Francesco Rutelli, Walter Veltroni e altri ancora. Alle dichiarazioni pubbliche in questi ultimi giorni di campagna elettorale manca in effetti quella di Bertinotti. E pare che non ci sarà alcun atto pubblico da parte sua per riserbo e per evitare polemiche, pur se alcuni indizi indicano che l’ex segretario di Rifondazione voterà la lista di Potere al popolo. Tra i promotori di quest’ultimo raggruppamento, insieme a centri sociali e movimenti, ci sono del resto Maurizio Acerbo e Paolo Ferrero, attuale segretario ed ex segretario di Rifondazione, successori di Bertinotti alla guida del partito lasciato nel 2008. L’ex presidente della camera non ha tuttavia particolari rapporti con quest’area, ma ne ha sicuramente meno con i promotori di Liberi e uguali nonostante Nichi Vendola e Nicola Fratoianni (ex Sinistra ecologia e libertà, poi Sinistra italiana) siano stati a lungo in sintonia con le sue posizioni: gli scambi di opinione sono però diventati con il tempo sempre più rari. Stima e ancora più distanza da Pietro Grasso e Massimo D’Alema, verso i quali c’è una profonda divisione sull’analisi della portata della sconfitta storica della sinistra e sulle modalità di una possibile ricostruzione. Bertinotti avrebbe confidato solo agli amici più intimi le proprie intenzioni di voto. I suoi collaboratori più stretti – quelli del nucleo della rivista Alternative per il socialismo da lui diretta, per esempio – avrebbero lo stesso orientamento pro Potere al popolo. -
Italian Perspectives on the Judiciary
C International Journal for Court Administration International Association For copywriteart.pdf 1 12/20/17 8:30 AM VolumeCouM rt Administr ation10, Issue 1, Winter 2019 ISSN 2156-7964 Y URL: http://www.iacajournal.org CiteCM this as: DOI: 10.18352/ijca.265 Copyright: MY CY ItalianCMY Perspectives on the Judiciary By Giuseppe Franco Ferrari1 K Abstract: This article deals with the problems concerning the independence of the judiciary in Italy. First of all, it analyzes the historical causes that characterize the current Italian situation: the condition of the judges during the fascist dictatorship and the resulting reasons why the founding fathers of the Republic trusted the judiciary in a very limited way. Then, the paper seeks to explain the unique problems that today undermine the independence of judiciary - the practice of judges running for political offices, the progressive politicization of the High Council of the judiciary, the judicial intervention in economic matters and the trend of judges making public statements to matters under judicial scrutiny - and explores the effectiveness of the current guarantees given judges to secure their independence. Such a situation derives at least in part from the vacuum created by the crisis of the political class which started in the 1990s. Key words: judicial power, independence of the judiciary, Italian Constitution, judges as legislators, responsibility of judges. Introduction The paper examines independence of the judiciary in Italy, viewing it from two standpoints: freedom of the judiciary from political interferences and the need for judges to desist from taking an ideology based approach to matters that come under judicial scrutiny. -
Changing Media in a Changing World
THE PONTIFICAL ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Webinar on CHANGING MEDIA IN A CHANGING WORLD 10-12 May 2021 | Casina Pio IV | Vatican City In a world like ours, where boundaries between countries are continually blurred by the developments in digital technology, our efforts should emerge as a global movement associated with the deepest commitment of the human family and international institutions to protecting the dignity of minors and every human person. This demanding task sets before us new and challenging questions. How can we defend the dignity of persons, including minors, in this digital age, when the life and identity of an individual is inextricably linked to his or her online data, which new forms of power are constantly seeking to possess? How can we formulate shared principles and demands in the globalized digital world? These are challenging questions that call us to cooperate with all those working with patience and intelligence for this goal at the level of international relations and regulations. Man’s creativity and intelligence are astonishing, but they must be positively directed to the integral good of the person from birth and throughout life. Every educator and every parent is well aware of this, and needs to be helped and supported in this task by the shared commitment born of a new alliance between all institutions and centres of education. A contribution to this can be made not only by sound ethical reasoning, but also by a religious vision and inspiration, which has universal scope because it places respect for human dignity within the framework of the grandeur and sanctity of God, the Creator and Saviour. -
Rifondazione Comunista at Its 6Th National Conference : a Strategy of Textual and Semantic Analysis1
Rifondazione Comunista at its 6th National Conference : a strategy of textual and semantic analysis1 Fabio de Nardis1, Francesca della Ratta-Rinaldi2 1Università degli Studi di Lecce - Viale Gallipoli, 49 – 73100 – Lecce – Italia 2 Università degli Studi “La Sapienza”, Facoltà di Sociologia – Dip. DIES – Via Salaria 113 – 00198 – Roma – Italia Abstract In the last years the new Italian Communist party (Rifondazione Comunista) has acquired such a national and international importance to provoke the interest of political scientists. The 6th conference of the party (spring 2005) was very important because of the change from a traditional opposition attitude to the decision to form an alliance with the future Left government, in the case Romano Prodi wins the competition with Berlusconi. This change of perspective was long discussed within the party. As a matter of fact, during the 6th conference, five alternatives motions were discussed : the first was proposed by the secretary Fausto Bertinotti, who decided the alliance with the others Left wing parties, while the other four motions proposed alternative strategies. To analyse this process we have considered 72 articles, published before the conference in the party newspaper (Liberazione) to support the different motions (18 for each motion). The textual analysis we carried out with the new release of TaltaC2 allows us to describe the contents of five groups of articles, the specific language utilised, the kind of actors cited in the corpus and the negative language used. This description is carried out also in a multidimensional perspective. Keywords : Left wing party, political movement, Communism, semantic analysis, multidimensional textual analysis. Riassunto Negli ultimi anni il Partito della Rifondazione Comunista ha acquisito un ruolo di rilevanza nazionale e internazionale tanto da suscitare un crescente interesse da parte della comunità politologica. -
Values, Culture, and Democracy: a Korean Perspective
U" .2hemocracy, 'l/ar/et pW 6 conomicj &5leuelopment12 Public Disclosure Authorized J: In 4jian /erJpective Editedby FarrukhIqbal and Jong-itYou ¢ t~4 =l | 122241 May 2001 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ff.,*; LD,,-B' N"k .,,TWEfWaRLD 1Ar-R _ &!_ j 9 ~~~~~~a Public Disclosure Authorized Democracy, Market Economics, and Development An Asian Perspective Farrukh Iqbal and Jong-Il You Editors The WorldBank Washington,D.C. Copyright (D2001 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, USA All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing May 2001 1234 0504030201 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this book are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affil- iated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this volume do not imply on the part of the World Bank Group any judgment on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The material in this publication is copyrighted. The World Bank encourages dis- semination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. Permission to photocopy items for internal or personal use, for the internal or per- sonal use of specific clients, or for educational classroom use is granted by the World Bank, provided that the appropriate fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone 978-750-8400, fax 978-750-4470.Please contact the Copyright Clearance Center before photocopying items.