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Kriegsmarine Legend Kriegsmarine Legend Christian Koenig provides insight into the unique restoration of a German Arado Ar 196 floatplane !"#$ A sad sight: The Arado Ar 196A-5 after being delivered to Nordholz, Germany, in December 2012 ALL IMAGES CHRISTIAN KOENIG UNLESS STATED n the late 1920s, while still under the limitations of the IVersailles Treaty, Germany planned a modernisation of its navy. Since radar was not !"#$ yet operational for military Front view use, catapults to launch scout of the nine-cylinder aircraft were foreseen BMW 132 K still attached to the aboard cruisers. fuselage. The machine gun extending from inside the engine cowling is In response, Ernst Heinkel not original Flugzeugwerke designed the Heinkel He 60 floatplane, which %$&' The pilot’s main instrument panel became common as a shipborne was missing, but the lower section was reconnaissance aircraft in the still present 1930s. The type flew well, but the Focke-Wulf Fw 62 failed to looking beyond the horizon. 0191, DH+IK), but never mass lacked engine power, service make the grade, Arado’s Ar 196 Small batches of A-1, A-2 and produced. Just 23 out of 272 ceiling and range. As a remedy, immediately satisfied the A-4 airframes followed, being planned A-3s were built by the Heinkel envisioned its He 114 demanding test pilots. succeeded by major tranches of French Société Nationale de as a successor, whereas Arado Pleased with this success, the A-3 and A-5. Constructions Aéronautiques Flugzeugwerke presented its the Luftwaffe decided to order Several Ar 196Bs were built du Sud-Ouest, of Saint-Nazaire, powerful Ar 95. more than 700 Ar 196s, mainly with a single ventral float while the Netherlands’ Fokker, However, neither aircraft met of the A-series sub-type. purely for comparison and in Amsterdam, delivered 69; the high expectations of the The initial A-0 batch lacked testing reasons. One A-3 was total production was around Luftwaffe, which consequently forward-firing weapons; it upgraded to C-standard (Ar 196 530 airframes. asked Focke-Wulf and Arado was simply not anticipated V6, aircraft Werknummern – Fully operational via catapult for better alternatives. While to meet any opponents while Wk Nr/work numbers – 196 launch, the Arado 196 served 16 FlyPast December 2020 %&'() The starboard mainplane prior to removing the original sheet aluminium attached by workers at Arado’s Anklam factory UWE GIESECKE !"#$ The port mainplane with its skin largely removed. It had been treated with anti-corrosion coating while in the US all manner of roles Hipper, Deutschland, Prinz them with 20mm cannon. during World War Eugen or Koeln, Koenigsberg Shipborne sorties declined Two: the type was a and Karlsruhe. when the wartime tide turned, shipborne aircraft aboard Shore-based operations and most capital warships battleships such as Bismarck included anti-submarine were destroyed or harboured. and Tirpitz , but also attached reconnaissance, rescue or taxi After the end of World War to cruisers, including the services, target towing, raiding Two, the Royal Navy (RN) Admiral Graf Spee, Admiral ships with bombs or strafing impounded the sole remaining %&'() This Arado Ar 196 A-3 of 2. Staff el AuE lärungsgruppe 125 (See), coded 7R+BK, is very similar to the aircraft being restored at Nordholz December 2020 FlyPast 17 Timeline — Arado Ar 196A-5 Werknummer 196 0293 Summer 1942 Built by Arado Flugzeugwerke at Warnemuende, registered TW+SH, then taken on charge by 2. Staffel/ Seeaufklaerungsgruppe 128 and registered 6W+LK Early 1944 After a crash, the fuselage was repaired using parts from Wk Nr 196 0282 and 196 0222 Aug 20, 1944 2./SAGr 128 was withdrawn from Berre to regroup at Friedrichshafen, where the unit was disbanded on Aug 28, 1944 Sept 1944 Wk Nr 196 0293 taken on charge by Luftzeuggruppe (See) at Kiel . #/! Hans Bruchmüller (left) and Peter Discher dismantling fuel shut-off valves to Jan 21, 1945 Aircraft used to replace Ar 196A-5 (Wk Nr 196 0527, remove the fi rewall UWE GIESECKE T3+CH) aboard cruiser ‘Prinz Eugen’. Taken on charge by Bordfliegergruppe 196 and registered T3+CH !"#$ The replica main instrument panel of an Arado Ar 196A- May 1945 Following unconditional surrender of Germany, Royal 0/A-1 without a gun sight Navy impounds ‘Prinz Eugen’, which became an American war prize and finally sank on Dec 1946 after Bikini Atoll nuclear bomb tests 1949-95 Wk Nr 106 0293 misbelieved to be Wk Nr 623 183 and on display at US Joint Reserve Base Willow Grove in Pennsylvania 1995 Ar 196A-5 transferred to US National Museum of Naval Aviation, Pensacola the vessel’s propeller shafts to Virginia, until Washington Dec 2012 Airframe transported to Nordholz, Germany leak; it then capsized and finally DC’s National Air and Space sank after December 16, 1946. Museum received the airframe June 23, 2016 Arado 196 support association was formed and Two Fokker-built A-5s in 1960. Stored for decades restoration work began seemed to have survived in the at the Paul E Garber Facility US: Wk Nr 623 167 and 623 183. in Silver Hill, Maryland, this 2017 BMW 132 K engine and VDM prop restoration completed The first had been delivered Ar 196 was finally moved from Fokker’s plant at to the Mary Baker Engen 2018 Fuselage stripped and aircraft’s identity confirmed Papaverweg for flight testing, Restoration Hangar (within the carried out at Schellingwoude Steven F Udvar-Hazy Center) 2020 Wings stripped, metalwork in progress around July 2, 1944, before at Chantilly, Virginia, in 2010, acceptance by the Luftwaffe. where it remains in storage. 2022 Planned wing re-assembly and fuselage fabric work After being examined in the The second A-5, allegedly, was US, the airframe was on display Wk Nr 623 183, which was first 2023 Floats to be overhauled and final assembly to take place at Naval Air Station Norfolk, noted at Fokker‘s flight test !"#$ Prinz Eugen Big surprise: The airframe displayed the Werknummer 196 0293 beneath heavy cruiser in were studied thoroughly in the cockpit’s fl oor panel, indicating it wasn’t licence-built by Fokker, but Arado Copenhagen and sailed it to Philadelphia, and Ar 196s itself UWE GIESECKE Wilhelmshaven. catapult-launched before all Ultimately, and although aircraft were finally removed. commissioned less than five years earlier, the RN Nuclear shockwaves lost interest in the vessel. In the summer of 1946, IX-300 By December 1945, the US became a target during Navy took command over Operation Crossroads at the what became the USS Prinz infamous Bikini Atoll. Eugen (IX-300). All technical The shockwaves of the nuclear installations of the ship bombs Able and Baker caused 18 FlyPast December 2020 !"#$ Photographed from its port “...the machine side, the Ar 196A-5 sits at Nordholz in spring 2016. Years had passed, but literally the restoration still hadn’t started due to cuts in German defence spending became a ‘sitting duck’ target, looted extensively by souvenir hunters and raked by gunfire” whether this A-5 could be put on display at Nordholz Naval Airbase, Lower Saxony. More than a decade passed before the US Navy agreed to loan the floatplane to the !"#$ After being exposed to harsh winters and fi erce sunlight, US Navy German navy, providing it personnel had to reinforce the fl oats be restored. With just three and wings with aluminium sheet, of these aircraft known to which had to be removed at Nordholz have survived in one piece UWE GIESECKE worldwide, refurbishing this A-5 was viewed as highly facility at Schellingwoude by target, looted extensively by and loaded onto a flatbed desirable. Most parts were August 22, 1944. After the end souvenir hunters and raked trailer. Unfortunately, the labelled correctly during the of the testing programme in by gunfire. Military personnel hapless driver misjudged his transport preparations, but Philadelphia the aircraft was repeatedly reinforced the cargo’s height and collided some were forgotten and left displayed at Joint Reserve Base aircraft, covering its entire with a bridge, shearing off in an aircraft shelter. Instead Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, framework with aluminium the canopy assembly and (bizarrely) components from from 1949. While exhibited sheet. In 1995, the National rupturing the empennage. a Mitsubishi A6M ‘Zero’ there it was painted in various Museum of Naval Aviation The NMNA postponed its were delivered to Nordholz, schemes, representing T3+CH, (NMNA), in Pensacola, restoration plans and locked overtly covered with Japanese T3+HK, TW+SH and GA+DX. Florida, asked for the A-5 to away the airframe. stencils! But cuts in the But the machine literally be transferred to its facility By the late 1990s, an enquiry German defence budget became a ‘sitting duck’ and it was duly disassembled by German navy officers asked prevented restoration. December 2020 FlyPast 19 IN DETAIL... In 1995, during road-based transportation in the US, the airframe collided with a bridge, shearing off the canopy assembly and rupturing the empennage. Above is the windscreen in 2016… !"#$ Immaculate after restoration: the powerful BMW 132 K nine-cylinder radial engine The CO of the German on German shipborne aviation looted in the US. It had to be Naval Aviation Command, of the 1930s and 1940s, and I stripped to assess structural Capt Hans-Jörg Detlefsen, have published several books damage that needed to be consequently developed the on aircraft such as Heinkel’s He repaired. While some spares … and after the major damage was idea to form a civil support 60 and He 114, and Arado’s Ar 95 have already been donated repaired by 2018 UWE GIESECKE association by the end of 2015, and Ar 196. by collectors, it is expected recruiting former soldiers As such, I assist the Nordholz that the interior will need a and aviation enthusiasts, project groups – among others complete rebuild.
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