Analyse De Risque Phytosanitaire Ditylenchus Dipsaci Sur Luzerne Avis De L’Anses Rapport D’Expertise Collective
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Checklist of the Vascular Alien Flora of Catalonia (Northeastern Iberian Peninsula, Spain) Pere Aymerich1 & Llorenç Sáez2,3
BOTANICAL CHECKLISTS Mediterranean Botany ISSNe 2603-9109 https://dx.doi.org/10.5209/mbot.63608 Checklist of the vascular alien flora of Catalonia (northeastern Iberian Peninsula, Spain) Pere Aymerich1 & Llorenç Sáez2,3 Received: 7 March 2019 / Accepted: 28 June 2019 / Published online: 7 November 2019 Abstract. This is an inventory of the vascular alien flora of Catalonia (northeastern Iberian Peninsula, Spain) updated to 2018, representing 1068 alien taxa in total. 554 (52.0%) out of them are casual and 514 (48.0%) are established. 87 taxa (8.1% of the total number and 16.8 % of those established) show an invasive behaviour. The geographic zone with more alien plants is the most anthropogenic maritime area. However, the differences among regions decrease when the degree of naturalization of taxa increases and the number of invaders is very similar in all sectors. Only 26.2% of the taxa are more or less abundant, while the rest are rare or they have vanished. The alien flora is represented by 115 families, 87 out of them include naturalised species. The most diverse genera are Opuntia (20 taxa), Amaranthus (18 taxa) and Solanum (15 taxa). Most of the alien plants have been introduced since the beginning of the twentieth century (70.7%), with a strong increase since 1970 (50.3% of the total number). Almost two thirds of alien taxa have their origin in Euro-Mediterranean area and America, while 24.6% come from other geographical areas. The taxa originated in cultivation represent 9.5%, whereas spontaneous hybrids only 1.2%. From the temporal point of view, the rate of Euro-Mediterranean taxa shows a progressive reduction parallel to an increase of those of other origins, which have reached 73.2% of introductions during the last 50 years. -
The Pennsylvania State University
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology PHYLOGENOMIC ANALYSIS OF ANCIENT GENOME DUPLICATIONS IN THE HISTORY OF PLANTS A Dissertation in Plant Biology by Yuannian Jiao © 2011 Yuannian Jiao Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2011 The dissertation of Yuannian Jiao was reviewed and approved* by the following: Claude dePamphilis Professor of Biology Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Hong Ma Professor of Biology John Carlson Professor of Molecular Genetics Webb Miller Professor of Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics Naomi Altman Professor of Statistics Teh-hui Kao Chair of Plant Biology Graduate Program *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT Whole-genome duplication (WGD), or polyploidy, followed by gene loss and diploidization, has generally been viewed as a primary source of material for the origin of evolutionary novelties. Most flowering plants have been shown to be ancient polyploids that have undergone one or more rounds of WGDs early in their evolution, and many lineages have since undergone additional, independent and more recent genome duplications. It was suggested that the paleopolyploidy events were crucial to the radiation and success of angiosperms, but evidence for proposed ancient genome duplications remains equivocal. Plant genomes are highly dynamic and usually go through intense structural rearrangements and gene loss following duplication. Old(er) WGDs can not -
Pollen Morphology of Tribes Gnaphalieae, Helenieae, Plucheeae and Senecioneae (Subfamily Asteroideae) of Compositae from Egypt
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2011, 2, 120-133 doi:10.4236/ajps.2011.22014 Published Online June 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ajps) Pollen Morphology of Tribes Gnaphalieae, Helenieae, Plucheeae and Senecioneae (Subfamily Asteroideae) of Compositae from Egypt Ahmed Kamal El-Deen Osman Faculty of Science, Botany Department, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. Email: [email protected] Received October 10th, 2010; revised December 9th, 2010; accepted December 20th, 2010. ABSTRACT POLLEN morphology of twenty five species representing 12 genera of tribes Gnaphalieae, Helenieae, Plucheeae and Senecioneae (Asteroideae: Asteraceae) was investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy. The genera are Phagnalon, Filago, Gnaphalium, Helichrysum, Homognaphalium, Ifloga, Lasiopogon, Pseudognaphalium, Flaveria, Tagetes, Sphaeranthus and Senecio. Two pollen types were recognized viz. Senecio pollen type and Filago pollen type. Description of each type, a key to the investigated taxa as well as LM and SEM micrographs of pollen grains are pro- vided. Keywords: Pollen, Morphology, Asteroideae, Asteraceae, Egypt 1. Introduction ture involves the foot layer and the outer layer of the endexine and the endoaperture involves the inner layer of Gnaphalieae, Helenieae, Plucheeae and Senecioneae (As- the endoxine. The intine is thickened considerably in teroideae: Asteraceae) are of the well represented tribes Anthemideae near the aperture. Reference [8] described in Egypt, where 12 genera with about thirty five species are native in -
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team Biological Control of Invasive
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States Roy Van Driesche Bernd Blossey Mark Hoddle Suzanne Lyon Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team—Morgantown, West Virginia United States Forest FHTET-2002-04 Department of Service August 2002 Agriculture BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES Technical Coordinators Roy Van Driesche and Suzanne Lyon Department of Entomology, University of Massachusets, Amherst, MA Bernd Blossey Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Mark Hoddle Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA, Forest Service, Morgantown, WV USDA Forest Service Publication FHTET-2002-04 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the authors of the individual chap- We would also like to thank the U.S. Depart- ters for their expertise in reviewing and summariz- ment of Agriculture–Forest Service, Forest Health ing the literature and providing current information Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West on biological control of the major invasive plants in Virginia, for providing funding for the preparation the Eastern United States. and printing of this publication. G. Keith Douce, David Moorhead, and Charles Additional copies of this publication can be or- Bargeron of the Bugwood Network, University of dered from the Bulletin Distribution Center, Uni- Georgia (Tifton, Ga.), managed and digitized the pho- versity of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, (413) tographs and illustrations used in this publication and 545-2717; or Mark Hoddle, Department of Entomol- produced the CD-ROM accompanying this book. -
Numerical Taxonomic Study of Some Tribes of Compositae (Subfamily Asteroideae) from Egypt
Pak. J. Bot., 43(1): 171-180, 2011. NUMERICAL TAXONOMIC STUDY OF SOME TRIBES OF COMPOSITAE (SUBFAMILY ASTEROIDEAE) FROM EGYPT A. K. OSMAN Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. Abstract A systematic study of 25 taxa belonging to 12 genera of tribes Gnaphalieae, Helenieae, Plucheeae and Senecioneae of Compositae from Egypt was conducted by means of numerical analysis based on 19 main pollen grains characters. On the basis of UPGMA (Unpaired Group Method off Averaging) clustering and PCO (Principal Component Analysis), two main groups and five subgroups are recognized. Introduction The Compositae (Asteraceae) is the largest family of plants, comprises of 1590 genera and around 23,600 known species arranged in 3 subfamilies, Asteroideae, Cichorioideae and Barnadesioideae and 17 tribes (Bremer, 1994; Bremer & Jansen 1992). Tribe Gnaphalieae is one of the largest in the family, with more than 180 genera and 2000 species. Most Gnaphalieae are characterized by a two-layered pollen sexine with an outer baculae and an inner perforated layer. The Gnaphalieae are subdivided into five subtribes (Anderberg, 1991a). In subtribe Gnaphaliinae, the two largest genera are Helichrysum and Gnaphalium, with hundreds of species and with many closely related segregate genera. Classification problems within the tribe are dominated by the difficulties in generic delimitation of Helichrysum and Gnaphalium. The Helenieae comprise a little more than 800 species in 110 genera, are often herbs. Some species have become naturalized as weeds in most parts of the world, eg., Tagetes minuta L. (Bierner, 1989). The widespread, familiar genera of the Helenieae are Flaveria, Helenium, Pectis and Tagetes. -
THAISZIA the Botanical Garden of Portici, Italy
Thaiszia - J. Bot., Košice, 28 (2): 093-102, 2018 http://www.bz.upjs.sk/thaiszia T H A I S Z I A JOURNAL OF BOTANY The Botanical Garden of Portici, Italy: a note from 1865 on its first botanical collections RICCARDO MOTTI1 1Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; [email protected] Motti R. (2018): The Botanical Garden of Portici, Italy: a note from 1865 on its first botanical collections. – Thaiszia – J. Bot. 28 (2): 093- 102. – ISSN 1210-0420. Abstract: A document held at the State Archives in Naples entitled “Notamento dei vasi e piante esistenti nei vari giardini né due boschi Superiore ed Inferiore in Portici” dated June 3, 1865, contains a census of the botanical assets of the Royal Palace of Portici gardens and park. The list includes 118 identifiable species, 59 of which are still present in the Botanical Garden of Portici. This valuable document lists the plants present in the collections at that time, allowing us to trace the origin of some species currently grown in the Botanical Garden of Portici. Keywords: botany, botanic garden, history, Bourbon, Naples Preface The historical reconstruction of the plant collections grown in the oldest botanical gardens often presents major difficulties due to the lack of useful archival documents. In 1865 the Royal Palace of Portici and its gardens were sold by King Victor Emmanuel II as state property and on that occasion the solidity and nature of the assets were assessed. A document entitled Notamento dei vasi e piante esistenti nei vari giardini né due boschi Superiore ed Inferiore in Portici dated June 3, 1865, was found at the State Archives of Naples, in which a census of the botanical assets at the time of the sale is reported. -
Asteraceae Is One of the Largest Families of Flowering Plants Which Has Not Been Revised for the Flora Malesiana (Ross 1993)
BIOTROPIA NO. 19, 2002 : 65 - 84 NOTES ON THE ASTERACEAE OF SUMATERA SRI SUDARMIYATI TJITROSOEDIRDJO Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Raya Pajajaran, Bogor and South East Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (SEAMEO BIOTROP) P.O. Box 116, Bogor, Indonesia. ABSTRACT An account of the tribe composition, endemic taxa, comparison with adjacent areas and weedy Asteraceae of Sumatera is given. Based on the records of January 2000, there are 133 species of 74 genera in 11 tribes. The tribe Heliantheae is the largest, with 28% of the total number of the genera, followed by Astereae with 15%, Inuleae 12%, Senecioneae 10%, Anthemideae, Eupatorieae and Lactuceae 8%, the other tribes are represented by 4% or less. The most diverse genus is Blumea with 14 species. Other genera are only represented by 10 species or less, usually 4, or 3, or 2, and mostly by 1 species only. Thirty nine or about 53% are exotic genera and the native ones are less than half of the total number of the genera. In terms of indigenous and endemic species, Sumatera is richer than Java. There are 1 genus, 7 species and 2 varieties of Asteraceae endemic to Sumatera. A number of 43 important weed species were introduced from Tropical America, Africa, Asia and Europe. Among these Chromolaena odorata and Mikania micrantha are reported as the most noxious ones. List of the genera and species recorded in Sumatera is provided in this paper. Key words : Asteraceae/Sumatera/compositions/endemic species/distribution/weedy Asteraceae INTRODUCTION Asteraceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants which has not been revised for the Flora Malesiana (Ross 1993). -
In Vitro Genotoxic Effects of Four Helichrysum Species in Human Lymphocytes Cultures
Biol Res 43: 177-182, 2010 BR In Vitro Genotoxic Effects of Four Helichrysum Species in Human Lymphocytes Cultures Erhan H Ero lu1, Ergin Hamzao lu1, Ahmet Aksoy2, Ümit Budak1, and Yusuf Özkul3 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bozok University, Yozgat, 66200, Turkey 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey 3 Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey ABSTRACT Helichrysum sanguineum, Helichrysum pamphylicum, Helichrysum orientale, Helichrysum noeanum (Asteraceae) are medicinal plants. For centuries, they have been used as tea in Turkey because of their medicinal properties. So far no scientific evidence has been found in a literature survey regarding the genotoxic effects of these plants. This work evaluated the genotoxic effects on human lymphocyte cultures induced by methanol extracts of these plants, assayed in different concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL). According to the results, Helichrysum noeanum, Helichrysum pamphylicum and Helichrysum sanguineum induced the formation of micronuclei and decreased the mitotic and replication indexes. Helichrysum orientale did not affect these parameters, whereas Helichrysum noeanum, Helichrysum pamphylicum and Helichrysum sanguineum were clearly genotoxic. They should therefore not be used freely in alternative medicine, although their antiproliferative activity may suggest antimitotic and anticarcinogenic properties. Helichrysum orientale could be used in alternative medicine. Key terms: genotoxic, Helichrysum, micronucleus, mitotic index, replication index. INTRODUCTION chromosome fragments. Because of its association with chromosomal aberrations, MN has been used The genus Helichrysum Mill, belonging to the family since 1937 as an indicator of genotoxic exposure Asteraceae, is represented by approximately 300 based on the radiation studies conducted by species in the world. -
Türkiye Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) Türlerinin Taksonomik Revizyonu
T.C. ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ BİLİMSEL ARAŞTIRMA PROJELERİ KOORDİNASYON BİRİMİ Türkiye Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) Türlerinin Taksonomik Revizyonu Proje No: FBA-08-519 Proje Türü Araştırma Projesi SONUÇ RAPORU Proje Yürütücüsü: Prof. Dr. Ahmet AKSOY Biyoloji Bölümü Araştırmacılar Prof. Dr. Ergin Hamzaoğlu ( Gazi Üniv, Eğitim Fakültesi) Yrd. Doç. Dr.Ümit Budak (Bozok Üniv. Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi) Nisan 2011 KAYSERİ ii TEŞEKKÜR Bu çalışma sırasında bazı arazi çalışmalarımıza katılan Araştırma Görevlileri. Murat Koç, Mustafa Kocakaya ve Mehmet Yazuz Paksoy’a teşekkür ederiz. Bu raporda kullanılan ve herbaryum örneklerinden hazırlanan resimlerin hazırlanmasında yoğun emeği geçen Arş. Gör. Murat Koç’a teşekkürü bir borç biliriz. Bu proje kapsamında herbaryumlardaki toplanmış örnekleri incelememize müsaade eden Ankara, Ege, Gazi, Hacettepe, İstanbul, Konya, Van gibi üniversitelerin herbaryum görevlilerine, ayrıca İngiltere Kew ve Edinburgh herbaryum görevlilerine çok teşekkür ederiz. Bu çalışma, Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından FBA-08-519 proje kodlu “ Türkiye Helichrysum M,ill. (Asteraceae) Türlerinin Taksonomik Revizyonu” isimli araştırma projesi ile desteklenmiştir. Maddi desteklerinden dolayı Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimine teşekkür ederiz. Ayrıca, bu çalışma süresince maddi ve manevi destekleri ile her zaman yanımızda olan ailelerimize çok teşekkür ederiz. iii İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa No TEŞEKKÜR ÖZET ABSTRACT 1. GİRİŞ 1 2. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM 6 3. BULGULAR VE TARTIŞMA 8 4. KAYNAKLAR 72 iv Özet Türkiye Helichrysum Mill. cinsinin revizyonu yapılmıştır. Cins Türkiye’de 27 taksona sahip iken yapılan bu çalışmayla sayı 21’e indirilmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucu H. sanguineum (L.) Kostel. var. stramineum Eig’un H. sanguineum’un, H. yurterianum Y.Gemici, Kit Tan, H.Yıldırım & M.Gemici’un H. pallasii (Spreng.) Ledeb.’nin, H. -
The Vascular Plant Red Data List for Great Britain
Species Status No. 7 The Vascular Plant Red Data List for Great Britain Christine M. Cheffings and Lynne Farrell (Eds) T.D. Dines, R.A. Jones, S.J. Leach, D.R. McKean, D.A. Pearman, C.D. Preston, F.J. Rumsey, I.Taylor Further information on the JNCC Species Status project can be obtained from the Joint Nature Conservation Committee website at http://www.jncc.gov.uk/ Copyright JNCC 2005 ISSN 1473-0154 (Online) Membership of the Working Group Botanists from different organisations throughout Britain and N. Ireland were contacted in January 2003 and asked whether they would like to participate in the Working Group to produce a new Red List. The core Working Group, from the first meeting held in February 2003, consisted of botanists in Britain who had a good working knowledge of the British and Irish flora and could commit their time and effort towards the two-year project. Other botanists who had expressed an interest but who had limited time available were consulted on an appropriate basis. Chris Cheffings (Secretariat to group, Joint Nature Conservation Committee) Trevor Dines (Plantlife International) Lynne Farrell (Chair of group, Scottish Natural Heritage) Andy Jones (Countryside Council for Wales) Simon Leach (English Nature) Douglas McKean (Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh) David Pearman (Botanical Society of the British Isles) Chris Preston (Biological Records Centre within the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology) Fred Rumsey (Natural History Museum) Ian Taylor (English Nature) This publication should be cited as: Cheffings, C.M. & Farrell, L. (Eds), Dines, T.D., Jones, R.A., Leach, S.J., McKean, D.R., Pearman, D.A., Preston, C.D., Rumsey, F.J., Taylor, I. -
Dissertation / Doctoral Thesis
DISSERTATION / DOCTORAL THESIS Titel der Dissertation /Title of the Doctoral Thesis „ Forecasting Plant Invasions in Europe: Effects of Species Traits, Horticultural Use and Climate Change. “ verfasst von / submitted by Günther Klonner, BSc MSc angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Wien, 2017 / Vienna 2017 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 794 685 437 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt / Biologie field of study as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Stefan Dullinger “Whatever makes the past, the distant, or the future, predominate over the present, advances us in the dignity of thinking beings.” Samuel Johnson (1791) “In the 1950s, the planet still had isolated islands, in both geographical and cultural terms - lands of unique mysteries, societies, and resources. By the end of the 20th century, expanding numbers of people, powerful technology, and economic demands had linked Earth’s formerly isolated, relatively non-industrialized places with highly developed ones into an expansive and complex network of ideas, materials, and wealth.” Lutz Warren and Kieffer (2010) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT As for many others, the last few years have been an up and down, however, I made it through thanks to my family, friends and colleagues without whom this wouldn’t have been possible. To the love of my life, my wife Christine Schönberger: because you are my support, advice and courage. Because we share the same dreams. Many Thanks! My brother and one of my best friends, Dietmar, who provided me through emotional support in many situations and shares my love to mountains and sports: Thank you! I am also grateful to my other family members, especially my parents Ingeborg and Martin, who were always keen to know what I was doing and how I was proceeding. -
Evolutionary History of the Arid Climate‐Adapted Helichrysum (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae): Cape Origin and Association Between An
Journal of Systematics JSE and Evolution doi: 10.1111/jse.12472 Research Article Evolutionary history of the arid climate-adapted Helichrysum (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae): Cape origin and association between annual life-history and low chromosome numbers Santiago Andres-S anchez1*, G. Anthony Verboom2, Merce Galbany-Casals3, and Nicola G. Bergh2,4 1Departamento de Didactica de la Matematica y Didactica de las Ciencias Experimentales and Biobanco vegetal, Banco Nacional de ADN, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain 2Department of Biological Sciences, HW Pearson Building, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa 3Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociencies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain and Sistematica y Evolucion de Plantas Vasculares (Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona), Unidad Asociada al CSIC 4The Compton Herbarium, Kirstenbosch Research Center, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X7, Newlands, Cape Town, 7735, South Africa *Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected] Received 13 September 2018; Accepted 15 November 2018; Article first published online24 xx November Month 2018 2018 Abstract The basal grade of the large, widely-distributed Helichrysum-Anaphalis-Pseudognaphalium (HAP) clade (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) comprises exclusively southern African taxa. These species possess unusual trait combinations relative to the remaining species (a high proportion of annuals, unusual capitulum arrangement, and low base chromosome numbers). A time-proportional Bayesian phylogenetic hypothesis is generated from nuclear ribosomal sequences from 110 accessions. Ancestral area, life history, and base chromosome number are reconstructed using maximum likelihood, and correlations between life-history and chromosome number are tested in a phylogenetic framework. The results show that the HAP clade probably originated and experienced initial diversification in the Greater Cape Floristic Region in the Early to Middle Miocene.