PEACE Info (February 28, 2020)

− GOING BACK TO PRE-PANGLONG PERIOD: Voting rights for 90 days residence and thinking aloud − States need bigger budget share, Shan MP says − military seek boost for Security Council − Karen ceasefire frays under Tatmadaw road-building push − Myanmar Military Says Soldiers Killed, Wounded in Attack by RCSS − Myanmar’s Wa Rebels Procure a Helicopter: What’s Next? − Villagers concerned livelihoods will be lost due to mega-projects − Myanmar and India Sign Ten Deals During State Visit − အပစ�ရပ� လက�မ�တ�ထ����ပ��အဖ����တ�န�� မထ���ရ�သ�တ�� အဖ����တ� �ဆ������ − ဖက�ဒရယ�မ� ဘ�ံသ�ဘ�ထ��ရရ���ရ� လက�နက�က��င� ၁၂ ဖ����ဆ������ − RCSSန�� တပ�မ�တ�� တ��က�ပ�� တင��မ��နဆ� − မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� တ�င� RCSS ��င�� တပ�မ�တ�� ယ�န�ထ� တ��က�ပ�� တင��မ��နဆ� − RCSS/SSA �တ�င�ပ��င��န�� တပ�မ�တ���က�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ� − အန�စ��အစ�ခ��ပ�လက�မ�တ�ထ���ထ��သည�� RCSS/SSA ��င�� �မန�မ�တပ�မ�တ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ� − မ��င��က��င�တ�င� တပ�မ�တ����င�� RCSS တ���၏ တ��က�ပ��မ��� �ဖစ�ပ����န − မ�ဆယ��မ ���တ�င�လ�ပ�ရ����နသည�� �ပည�သ��စစ�မ��� မ�မ�ဌ��န�ပန�ရန� တပ�က အ��က�င���က�� − မ�ဆယ��မ ��� �ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ����တ�ရ�� လ�ပ�ရ���မ�က�� တပ�မ�တ�� ကန��သတ� − မင���ပ���မ ���တ�င�ပစ�ခတ�မ��ဖစ��ပ�� အမ����သမ��၁ ဦ��သ၊ က�လ�မ���အပ�အဝင� ၅ ဦ�ဒဏ�ရ�ရ − မင���ပ��ဘက� တ��က�ခ��က�မ� အရပ�သ�� �သဆ�ံ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ − Michelle Bachelet ရ�� �မန�မ����င�ငံန�� ပတ�သက�တ�� အစ�ရင�ခံစ� − လ�တ��တ��မ�� အ�ပ�အယ�မတည���သ�တ�� ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁ − လ�တ��င�မ��သက�သ�ခ�င��တ�င� ပ�ဝင�ခ��သ�တခ������င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ��သ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� �ဝဖန� − ရခ��င�အ�ရ� မည�သည�����င�ငံတက�တရ���ရ�အဖ���၏ �က ���ပမ��မ�က��မ� �မန�မ�လက�မခံ − မ��င��ဆတ�တ�င� စ�တ��က�ဆ�ထ�တ� စက�အစ�တ�အပ��င��မ��� သ�မ��ဆည��ရမ�

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GOING BACK TO PRE-PANGLONG PERIOD: Voting rights for 90 days residence and thinking aloud By Sai Wansai - February 28, 2020

On February 20, the Lower House debated the Union Election Commission’s (UEC) to change in the UEC’s proposal to stipulate a residency requirement of at least 90 days in order to participate in the voting for the upcoming 2020 national election, which was approved. The UEC originally even proposed a requirement of less than 90 days. Accordingly, the required change will become law if it is approved by the Upper House.

british burma before wwii | euro-burma.eu

The United Nationalities Alliance (UNA) on February 24 issued a five-point statement rejecting the proposed change of regulation arguing that it will intrude and upset the rights of local people self-determination rights unnecessarily.

The statement also argued that the 180 days regulation that has been in place is working and besides there are other mechanism such as like advance voting for Myanmar foreign residents, which could be more appropriate and easier if the UEC wants to enhance the voting rights of all citizens. Altering the rule to benefit a party or individual is not a correct way to do.

Besides, there could be argument in preparing the voting list between the local people and the authorities who are doing the preparation. And finally distrustfulness could occur, due to local’s people rights to express their wishes (unnecessarily altering the voting pattern by outside voters) and disrupt ethnic unity.

The problem has always existed regarding the Bamar-dominated political parties fielding candidates in ethnic states, such as the ruling National League for Democracy (NLD) and the opposition Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP).

While the two Bamar parties like to portray themselves as national parties, cutting across ethnic lines, the non-Bamar ethnic nationalities have never accepted them as such. Thus, their competing in ethnic states is seen as intrusion of their rights from the outset, which they consider should only be decided by themselves. The collaboration of some locals as members to the two parties are even seen as being disloyal by the ethnic local people, even though they are powerless to do anything against it.

It is, of course, understandable that the ethnic parties worry the proposed amendment will further erode their voter bases and they see it as an attempt to win more parliamentary

Page 2 of 42 seats in the ethnic states, notably the NLD which is doing everything to collect more votes in their homesteads.

In the same vein of undertaking military members and their families will have to vote at polling stations outside of their barracks in this year’s general elections after the MPs, with NLD majority casting the votes, passed amendments to election by-laws on February 20. Perhaps NLD reasoned that the military members might have more liberty on how they vote, if it is done outside the military decision-makers’ influence of their subject, which actually is often the case.

Moreover, the ethnic parties are of the opinion that since the main reason of migrant workers for moving into ethnic states is to work, they should as well return to their home constituencies to vote.

The ideal scenario for 2020 election would be to leave the ethnic states’ population compete among themselves to choose their own representatives and the Bamar parties only contest the elections only in divisions or regions among themselves, like in 1947 Burma’s election which followed after the signing of Panglong Agreement in 1947.

On 9 April 1947, on the eve of achieving their independence from British colonial control, the Anti-Fascist People’s Freedom League (AFPFL) led by national hero Aung San won the first ever elections, in Burma Proper or Ministerial Burma excluding Frontier Areas, which were Kachin, Chin Hills and Federated Shan States. On 19 July 1947 Aung and many of his cabinet members were gunned down which now is being commemorated as Martyrs’ Day.

union of burma independence 1948 | euro-burma.eu

The thinking out aloud of such a scenario is because Burma or Myanmar today isn’t a country that can be considered as post-independence or rather post-war country, given that some 80,000 of ethnic armed organizations (EAOs) pitting against Burma army or Tatmadaw, which fields some 350,000 troops.

And as almost all non-Bamar EAOs, some 20 of them, are against the Tatmadaw and the civil war dragging for seven decades without foreseeable end in sight, a remaking of the political setup would do everyone good.

As such, going back to the pre-Panglong Agreement period will be a way out of this deadlock or political muddling through for decades. Subsequently the Bamar can sort it out among themselves the party that should be their representatives and likewise, the non-Bamar ethnic nationalities could also do the same.

After this, the Bamar and ethnic representatives could again meet in a kind of Panglong setting of 1947 anew and determine the political course of the country. Page 3 of 42

This way, all of us will be spared of having to muddle through again, which we have been doing for decades without achieving reconciliation, harmony and political settlement, but only straddled with the ongoing civil war.

https://english.shannews.org/archives/20418 ------

States need bigger budget share, Shan MP says Htoo Thant | 28 Feb 2020

A Shan legislator called on the government to provide more money for the country’s states, noting that its regions get a much bigger share of the national budget.

U Sai Tun Aye, Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House) MP for Mine Shu in , said Yangon, Mandalay and Sagaing regions received the most government money in fiscal 2018-19 but were unable to spend K45 billion (US$341.13 million) of that amount.

He said states do not get enough money from the central government to pay for their projects.

“While the regions that get the largest shares have surplus money, the states face budget deficits,” he told the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (Assembly of the Union) on Wednesday. “I propose we adopt a federal allocation system for the regions and states.”

He said Yangon received about K248 billion in fiscal 2018-19 but used only K231 billion, Mandalay received more than K27.5 billion but used only K18 billion, and Sagaing was allocated K8 billion but used only K6.5 billion.

Among states, Shan got the biggest share – over K12 billion – and Kayah State got the smallest – K3 billion.

He said that in fiscal 2018-19, the regions received over K307 billion, or 88 percent of the total, but states received K42 billion, or 12pc of the total. Myanmar has seven regions and seven states.

U Sai Oo Khan, MP for Shan’s township in the Pyithu Hluttaw, said the taxation of precious stones based on weight instead of quality had reduced revenue.

“It is like collecting frogs with a hole in your bag (a Burmese proverb that means putting in effort but not getting any results),” he said.

U Sai Tun Aye, MP for in Shan’s Loilin township, said, “The tax on a kilogram of jade is only K444, which is the price of a cup of tea.” He added that in fiscal 2018-19, the tax on the 35,143 tonnes of jade mined amounted to only K15 billion. – Translated

https://www.mmtimes.com/news/states-need-bigger-budget-share-mp-says.html

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Myanmar military seek boost for Security Council Myat Thura | 28 Feb 2020

Tatmadaw MPs proposed giving more power to the National Defence and Security Council but opposed changing its structure during the debate of the second charter amendment bill in the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (Assembly of the Union) on Thursday.

The changes proposed by the Union Solidarity and Development Party included giving the council the authority to advise the president when to abolish parliament, and holding council meetings every two months.

Tatmadaw (military) MPs opposed replacing the council seat for the minister of Border Affairs, who is nominated by the military’s commander-in-chief, with the vice speakers of the upper and lower houses.

“The council’s make-up is fine as it is now. Changing it may have negative effects,” said MP Colonel Myint Han.

Chief ministers should participate in the council’s decision-making as they know the situation in their regions, said Daw Htu May, assembly MP for Rakhine State constituency 11. “They should have an input on handling the affairs of Rakhine State,” she added.

Although the constitution that the president has the right to take military action in coordination with the council in case of aggression against the country, the president did not coordinate with the council regarding the attacks by the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army attacks in northern Rakhine, Lieutenant-Colonel Moe Myint Aung said.

“Also, the government did not consult the council on the formation of Kofi Annan’s Advisory Commission on Rakhine State,” he said.

The second amendment bill has 142 amendments, of which Tatmadaw MPs opposed about 40 that would trim the Tatmadaw’s authority. – Translated

https://www.mmtimes.com/news/military-seek-boost-security-council.html ------

Karen ceasefire frays under Tatmadaw road-building push Friday, February 28, 2020 | By VINCENZO BEREZINI | FRONTIER

Tatmadaw road-building in Kayin State has sparked clashes and mass displacement, threatening the ceasefire with the Karen National Union and dimming hopes ahead of the next Union Peace Conference.

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TOP PHOTO: A displaced Karen family from Ku Day village camps in a nearby forest 10 days after their village was shelled by the Tatmadaw. (Vincenzo Berezini | Frontier)

The eight-year-old ceasefire between the Tatmadaw and the Karen National Union came under renewed stress with armed clashes that peaked between February 2 and 15. During the flare-up, Myanmar artillery shelled Karen villages, displacing entire communities.

Accounts from displaced villagers, Karen civil society and the KNU suggest that civilians were deliberately targeted in order to clear the area around a strategic road network passing deep into KNU territory, but the Tatmadaw has denied this and claimed that army units were only responding to attacks from the Karen National Liberation Army, the KNU’s armed wing.

The Mutraw Community Development Committee says that as of February 23, 2,137 people, including 417 children aged under 5, had been displaced by the fighting in KNU- administered Mutraw District, which corresponds with Hpapun Township as demarcated by the Myanmar government. While several of the affected villages lie close to KNLA positions, villagers from many of the other settlements have said that there were no KNLA bases or soldiers nearby when the Tatmadaw fired mortar bombs at them, many of which fell directly into residential areas and close to schools.

These villagers, some of whom were interviewed by this author, said that the heightened Tatmadaw presence around the road upgrade, which began in early 2018, had been a constant source of fear, but that the latest artillery attacks on their villages had made them flee their homes.

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Targeted and or indiscriminate shelling of civilian areas violates international humanitarian law and the terms of the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement. The KNU, which has been in revolt against the central government since 1949, signed the NCA along with seven other ethnic armed groups in October 2015, after signing a bilateral ceasefire in 2012. Section 9 of the NCA prohibits the forcible displacement of civilian and says this is not limited to “ceasefire areas”.

Strategic goals

The KNU, which controls patches of territory along the Thai-Myanmar border but has a stronghold in Mutraw, reports that these strikes began on February 2 in areas abutting a network of roads being dug, repaired and widened since early 2018 by Tatmadaw engineers in Kayin State. The road network, much of which is currently unfit for large vehicles, connects the towns of Taungoo and Kyaukkyi, both at the foot of the Karen hills in Bago Region, to Tatmadaw camps in areas claimed by the KNU’s Brigade 5, including Saw Hta on

Page 6 of 42 the Thai border. Brigade 5 leaders fear these roads would also link to a long-planned road leading south to government-controlled Hpapun town. This road network, if upgraded, would significantly weaken the KNU’s control of the region.

The dilapidated north-south road from Kay Pu to Ler Mu Plaw, which crosses northern Mutraw’s Luthaw Township and joins a road linking Kay Pu with Taungoo to the north-west, was built during Tatmadaw offensives between 2005 and 2008. Earlier campaigns in the 1990s were also accompanied by road-building. Altogether, these Tatmadaw operations displaced about 80 percent of the inhabitants of Mutraw, according to the Committee for Internally Displaced Karen People, and involved widespread and well-documented abuses against civilians.

One possible trigger for the recent shelling of villages was an incident on January 27, when the Lieutenant Colonel Aung Kyaw Soe, commander of the Tatmadaw’s Light Infantry Battalion No 708, died in an explosion while attempting to disable a mine placed by the KNU along a road in Dwelo Township in southern Mutraw, close to the site of a later clash on February 23. In separate incidents, Tatmadaw soldiers have been injured and military vehicles damaged by KNU mines near Kyaukkyi. The KNU claims that these mines are strictly anti-vehicle devices, which allow pedestrians and horses to pass along the road unharmed, and denies the commander was targeted.

The KNU’s information department for Mutraw District claims the Tatmadaw fired mortar rounds into the Paw Khay Klo area, where the KNU has forbidden Tatmadaw cars from continuing eastwards on the road towards Saw Hta, as well as areas surrounding Tatmadaw positions in nearby Ler Mu Plaw and Kay Pu to the north. The Tatmadaw attempted to resume work on the Kay Pu-Ler Mu Plaw road in October last year but was repeatedly blocked by KNLA soldiers, who blew up construction equipment and defended positions near this road.

The KNU insists that the Tatmadaw road-building violates the NCA, which only allows pre- ceasefire military bases in contested areas to be maintained and re-supplied, and requires each side to secure permission before undertaking development work in territory claimed by the other.

Tatmadaw spokesperson Brigadier-General Zaw Min Tun has denied KNU allegations that the upgraded roads are intended to serve Tatmadaw military operations, rather than local development or the need to resupply existing bases, and that the Tatmadaw had intentionally targeted civilians in the recent shelling. “Our army shot artillery where there was a KNLA base only,” he told The Irrawaddy on February 11. “They ambush us to shoot our soldiers sometimes. They planted landmines to kill our soldiers. Therefore, we responded with our attack as we need to protect our soldiers for their security.”

On February 19, the KNU’s Central Command backed local KNU commanders’ prohibitions on Tatmadaw vehicles travelling along certain sections of the road network. Commanders from KNU Brigade 3 and 5 say during informal talks – most recently in Kyaukkyi on January 10 – local Tatmadaw commanders had agreed to only re-supply their bases on foot or by horse.

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“The agreement between the Tatmadaw and KNU Brigades 3 and 5 is clear, as well as [at] central level,” said KNU Brigade 5 and Mutraw District spokesperson Major Saw Kler Doh. “Cars are permitted to travel between Muthe and Plakho [in KNU-administered Muthe and Luthaw townships respectively]. After this they must travel on foot or using horses.”

“To us the issue is simple,” he added. “Year by year they continue to attempt to construct the road [in the dry season], continually violating the terms of the NCA and disrespecting our agreements. This is why clashes continue to happen. Trust is based on both sides. Groups should respect the terms of the ceasefire.”

Karen National Liberation Army soldiers parade on Karen Revolution Day in Day Bu Noh. (Vincenzo Berezini | Frontier)

‘We stopped counting’

KNU Brigade 5 say that shelling peaked on February 3, when the Tatmadaw fired 40 mortar rounds at village clusters in Luthaw Township. The day before, KNU sources reported that Tatmadaw soldiers had shot and injured two villagers in Wah Thoe Kho village of Dwelo Township, following a skirmish between the KNLA and Tatmadaw in another area where the Tatmadaw is attempting to restart road construction.

According to the KNU and local villagers, the Tatmadaw then fired an average of six or seven mortar bombs daily between February 9 and 15. On several of these days, the author could hear the shelling from Dae Buh Noh, 35 kilometres away.

Interviews with displaced people confirmed KNU claims that at least 332 villagers belonging to 42 households from Plakho village tract fled to safety in Ler Mu Plaw village tract, both in Luthaw Township, on February 5 and 6 to escape artillery fire from the Tatmadaw’s Military Operations Command Battalion No 2. Displaced villagers said one of the shells narrowly missed a school in Kuday village of Plakho village tract. Most of the villagers have since returned but continue to report Tatmadaw firing near the village.

On February 15, Frontier visited a displaced family from Ku Day village who were camping in a nearby forest 10 days after their village was shelled. “Some of the villagers have gone back but we are still scared,” the young father said. “My mother is sick, and my father is over 80 years old and can hardly walk, and we have two young children.”

“The P’yaw Thu [a Karen term for Myanmar soldiers] want to pass along the road with their trucks; this is why we are being attacked,” he said. “Nobody from the village was injured, but one shell fell very close to us and luckily did not explode, unlike the others which fell just outside the village. We just wished they [the Tatmadaw] would stop attacking us so we can continue living as before.”

Page 8 of 42

Another displaced villager from Ku Day village told a KNU information department official for Mutraw that residents “were counting the shells, but once we reached 30 we stopped counting”.

In response to Tatmadaw denials that they had deliberately attacked civilians, Saw Kler Doh said, “The Burmese are doing the same way as they usually do. Their habit is to deny everything. They want to show the world that they do not have any faults, when clearly the opposite is true. They continue to show us this year by year.”

Saw Albert, field director at the Karen Human Rights Group, said the recent fighting showed that “there should be an independent monitoring team present so that the situation can be clarified”.

No resolution

According to the KNU, Tatmadaw artillery strikes abated on February 21, following a de- escalation in fighting in the days before a meeting between senior KNU and Tatmadaw leaders on February 19 in Nay Pyi Taw.

The meeting ended with no resolution to the road-building dispute. Many of the displaced villagers have cautiously returned home, but low-intensity skirmishes have continued and military tensions appear to still be high. In Dwelo Township on February 23, for example, there were clashes between the KNLA and the Tatmadaw and Border Guard Force Battalion 1014.

The recent violence has brought trust between the KNU and the central government to perhaps its lowest point since the two signed a bilateral ceasefire agreement in 2012, which the NCA was supposed to reinforce. The KNU has increasingly expressed doubts over the military’s willingness to entertain any sort of meaningful political settlement, as envisaged in the NCA. Some KNU officials have gone further in accusing the Tatmadaw of using the ceasefire to strengthen their existing positions and push ahead with infrastructure projects in areas of mixed control. These projects often appear to blur the line between development and military purposes.

Karen villagers in Day Bu Noh protest Tatmadaw road-building on Karen National Day, February 11. (Vincenzo Berezini | Frontier)

Major Saw Kler Doh said, “The KNU […] signed the NCA in the hopes that it would be aimed at solving political issues, grievances and the conflict, and because the KNU has always dreamt of establishing a federal union. For the Burmese it appears that the NCA means they can continue ahead with development plans without addressing these political issues.”

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“For us, this way of resolving issues is in the wrong order,” he said. “If we allow the Burmese to do development they will come with their governing body and their troops, and will attempt to control the area. Once they gain control of the area, we fear they will no longer talk about political solutions; they will not address our grievances.”

Business and conflict

The fear and deprivation experienced by civilians in Mutraw over the last month – an echo of previous waves of violence and displacement in the area, stretching back decades – shows not only the failure of ceasefire agreements to protect civilians but also the dangers posed by development projects, and schemes aimed at regional connectivity, in the absence of a peace settlement.

The Asian Development Bank, which is co-financing upgrades to a highway running through Kayin that is part of the East-West Economic Corridor linking Myanmar with Vietnam, has referred to the state as a “post-conflict” area in project documents. However, fighting has in fact intensified precisely in the areas in which international financial institutions, private companies and the Tatmadaw have significant business interests or infrastructural plans.

Since the 2012 ceasefire, most armed clashes in Kayin have occurred close to the planned Hat Gyi Dam in southern Mutraw, along the route of the ADB co-sponsored highway, and along the road network described in this article. This fits a national pattern of infrastructure and development projects acting as drivers of conflict, instability and ethnic tension in resource-rich or geopolitically important border areas such as Rakhine, Kachin and northern Shan states.

Myanmar civilian authorities, as well as the Tatmadaw, have said the road-building is in aid of “local development” and has local support. However, in October last year there were community protests against road construction in Muthe and Luthaw, which followed protests earlier in the year.

Previous reports have shed significant doubts on the legitimacy of a letter signed in August 2016 by a local administrator in Muthe and three community members requesting the road’s expansion. A September 2019 article by Al Jazeera said one of the signatories of the Burmese-language letter could not understand Burmese and quoted an anonymous KNU official as saying that the Tatmadaw had presented the letter in discussions with the KNU as proof of local demand, which the KNU dismissed as bogus. Tatmadaw spokesperson Zaw Min Tun told Al Jazeera the road construction was “for the development of the area” and so “shouldn’t be an issue for the peace process”.

A resident of the Day Bu Noh area of Luthaw, who was familiar with the ongoing conflict, said, “If they continue these attacks, there will be zero trust between the [KNU] and the Tatmadaw.”

“How can we trust what the Tatmadaw says when they continue to use these tactics and carry on playing tricks on us?” he said. “They will never talk about stable peace with us. They just play around; to them it is like a game. It will never finish.”

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This deterioration of trust could undermine the current negotiations between the government and the KNU, as well as other ethnic armed organisations that have signed the NCA. The goal is to reach an agreement on holding a 21st Century Panglong Union Peace Conference in April or May, before the focus shifts to this year’s general election. As a precondition for participating in the Panglong conference, ethnic armed groups want to clarify key terms in the NCA that are unclear. They argue that this is necessary to avoid further conflict with the Tatmadaw, and want the new NCA definitions to be approved at the conference.

But above clarity in the NCA text is the more fundamental issue of trust. In spite of direct prohibitions in the agreement – not least, on the targeted or indiscriminate shelling of civilian areas and forced displacement – NCA violations continue. For the people of Mutraw, whose lives have been shaped by conflict for over half a century, there are few glimmers of hope that longstanding grievances will be remedied.

https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/karen-ceasefire-frays-under-tatmadaw-road-building-push ------

Myanmar Military Says Soldiers Killed, Wounded in Attack by RCSS By Nyein Nyein | 28 February 2020 Restoration Council of Shan State troops on parade at the Shan State National Day celebration in Loi Tai Leng, Shan State on Feb. 7. 2014 / Kyaw Kha / The Irrawaddy

The Myanmar army, or Tatmadaw, suffered an undisclosed number of casualties— including an officer—during clashes with troops from the Restoration Council of Shan State/Shan State Army near Loi Twan Hill in Mong Kai Township, Shan State on Thursday, according to a military spokesman.

Brigadier General Zaw Min Tun told The Irrawaddy on Friday that the military troops were attacked as they patrolled in Mong Kai Township, which is some 16 kilometers west of Kyesi Township.

He said the casualties included fatalities and injuries, but didn’t say how many there were or whether the officer was killed or wounded. He denied that Tatmadaw troops had attacked the RCSS soldiers.

The RCSS, which is a signatory to the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA), said in a statement on Friday that some 400 troops from four Tatmadaw battalions (Nos. 525, 520, 575 and 574) attacked their camp on Loi Twan Hill starting at 7:50 a.m. Thursday.

Lieutenant Colonel Ohm Khur, a new spokesman for the RCSS, said the clashes continued until 5 p.m. on Thursday, and alleged that the military used artillery.

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He added that the military deployed an additional four battalions with some 500 troops to the area on Friday, while a Tatmadaw battalion based in Mong Kai continued shelling their camp on Friday.

The area is located between the Northeastern Command and Central Eastern Command, the military spokesman said.

Brig-Gen Zaw Min Tun said, “It is not true that the Tatmadaw troops attacked them.” He claimed the RCSS troops crossed out of their territory and shot at the government soldiers first.

The military said the area is not listed as RCSS-controlled territory under the bilateral agreement signed between the government and the RCSS in 2012, contradicting the RCSS’s account.

Brig-Gen Zaw Min Tun also said the local military affairs officer informed the RCSS liaison officer in Kholan on Feb. 22 that the military would be conducting security operations in the area to deal with illegal drug operations.

The RCSS spokesman denied the Tatmadaw’s accusation and said RCSS troops were not crossing out of their territory. “We conduct movements in the area and we were attacked while our troops were taking a rest in the hills,” he said.

The RCSS’s liaison office in Kholan is negotiating with officers from the Central Eastern Command but no details of the talks were available, said Lt-Col Ohm Khur.

The RCSS statement reads: “The Tatmadaw troops’ intentional attack on RCSS troops casts doubt on the Tatmadaw’s position towards the decisions of the JICM [Joint Implementing Coordination Meeting] on Jan. 8, while the RCSS is trying to achieve peace together with the government, the Tatmadaw and other ethnic armed organizations.” The group added it would review the decisions it made at the RCSS’s recent annual meeting (which concluded on Feb. 24) to try to participate in the upcoming Union Peace Dialogue Joint Committee and the Joint Ceasefire Monitoring Committee meetings in the second week of March.

Since March 2019, the RCSS has played the leading role on the Peace Process Steering Team–a political negotiation body of 10 ethnic armed groups that have signed the NCA–and has been instrumental in getting the formal peace process on track.

In January, RCSS chairman General Yawd Serk met with Myanmar army chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing in Naypyitaw. The meeting was hailed as a positive step toward building mutual trust.

https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-military-says-soldiers-killed-wounded- attack-rcss.html ------

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Myanmar’s Wa Rebels Procure a Helicopter: What’s Next? By Aung Zaw | 28 February 2020 United Wa State Army troops at a parade to mark the 30th anniversary of the group’s founding, in Panghsang in April 2019. / Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy

Myanmar’s rebel Wa Army this week confirmed it has purchased a civilian helicopter, making the militarily powerful ethnic insurgent group based near the Chinese border the first rebel group in the country to possess one. So what’s next?

Senior officials of the United Wa State Army (UWSA) said the helicopter arrived via the Mekong River and has been flying since December.

Wa leaders have been tight-lipped about where they bought the helicopter, but news reports indicate it was purchased from China.

One seasoned observer evaded the question when asked whether China was the most likely source of the helicopter, given that the country is the main supplier of the Wa’s weapons and ammunition. “It could be from Laos or elsewhere—or even from the Thai market,” he answered. Well, who would buy this rubbish? The source is obvious.

The United Wa State Army displays its weaponry at a parade to mark the 30th anniversary of the group’s founding, in Panghsang in April 2019. / Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy

As soon as it arrived, Wa officers began flying the helicopter between the group’s headquarters in Wa Region’s Panghsang, and Mong Pauk located to the south. The helicopter also transports Wa leaders between China and the Wa headquarters. The light, four-seater civilian helicopter will greatly reduce travel time in the Wa region, which is the size of Belgium. Panghsang reportedly has three helipads.

In 2014, The Irrawaddy broke the news that the UWSA had sent 30 officers to receive aviation and pilot training in China amid speculation that the Wa army had acquired military helicopters. So it is safe to say that this new helicopter was ordered and delivered from China.

U Nyi Rang, the UWSA’s liaison officer, confirmed that the Wa acquired a four-seater helicopter, adding that it was purchased late last year and already in use. He denied speculation that the group’s latest acquisition would be used for military purposes, insisting it was bought for “personal and leisure use.” We know Wa leaders are wealthy—one Wa

Page 13 of 42 leader keeps several dozen boxes stuffed with US currency in one of his mansions in Panghsang, according to visiting guests to whom he showed it off. “There are more,” he reportedly boasted in Chinese.

It seems the Wa leaders will be leaving their cherished SUVs in their garages, now that they can simply hop in a helicopter and take in Panghsang’s rising skyline from above.

All of which begs the question… What do Myanmar’s military leaders have to say about all of this?

Tea plantations in Mong Mao Township in the Wa Self-Administered Zone / Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy

It is believed that military leaders are aware of the arrival of the helicopter in the Wa territory. The news no doubt irritates them, but they have limited power to intervene in the acquisition. And after all, the Wa have described it as a “civilian helicopter”.

The Myanmar military has been upgrading its air defenses since the early 2000s, adding early warning, radar and anti-aircraft systems throughout the country, and is known to be updating its defenses in the northeast.

High-ranking military officers told this publication last year that if any unauthorized and unregistered aircraft enter Myanmar’s airspace, the military has the capacity to shoot it down. So is this particular helicopter registered in Myanmar? And if not, then where?

Where are the helicopter gunships?

Certainly, it has been reported in the past—both by intelligence monitor Jane’s Information Group as well as The Irrawaddy—that parties in China (not necessarily the central government in Beijing) have allegedly sold helicopter gunships to the Wa rebels.

“If you buy missiles, you can hide them, but if you buy helicopters or aircraft, you have to fly them—you can’t hide them,” an observer familiar with Wa region and warfare there noted, adding that previous reports of helicopter purchases were pure speculation, and likely fantasy.

U Nyi Rang said this is the first time the UWSA has bought a private helicopter, contradicting the previous reports. As early as 2013, Jane’s Information Group claimed that China delivered several Mil Mi-17 “Hip” medium-transport helicopters armed with TY-90 air- to-air missiles to the Wa insurgents.

Quoting a Wa rebel source, the Jane’s report said “the Mi-17s reached the Wa- administered area by flying across the Mekong River from Lao rather than direct from

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China.” But if this is true, why didn’t the Myanmar military shoot them down once they reached Myanmar’s airspace?

United Wa State Army troops at a parade to mark the 30th anniversary of the group’s founding, in Panghsang in April 2019. / Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy

In 2015, U Aung Myint, then UWSA spokesman, lashed out at foreign media, challenging journalists “to make sure what we have” before reporting on it.

Adopting a sarcastic tone, he told an Irrawaddy reporter visiting Panghsang, “Of course, we bought aircraft, and two submarines. But there are no engines inside them. We put those machines beside the road to grow gardens in them.”

It was a museum, insisted Wa tribesmen—who were once known as headhunters—claiming they bought broken-down helicopters and even a ship, “So we could build a museum to show to our Wa kids.”

Bemused reporters were allowed to visit the open-air site near the Mong Pauk Valley to see the run-down relics—the place has become a popular destination for families out on weekend trips with their children. It was a clever strategy to counter the media reports of the purchase of helicopter gunships.

But in the years since then, who knew the Wa were still planning to purchase a helicopter?

Small airfields

Since last year, intelligence reports have suggested the Wa are building a small airfield between Mong Mao and Panghsang. Mong Mao is the second-largest city in Wa territory. This project is believed to be ongoing and few visitors are allowed to see it.

It is also believed that a small airfield has been built in the southern Wa region near the BP-1 (Boundary Pillar #1) checkpoint on the Thai border opposite Chiang Mai’s Chiangdao district.

However, last year visitors were alarmed to see heavy earth-moving machinery and a long flattened dirt road. Wa officials told visitors this was for a housing project.

Learning of the project, Myanmar military officers went to meet Wa leaders and requested they stop the work. In the past, any suspicions that the Wa might be building an airfield in their region would prompt immediate requests from the Myanmar army and officials involved in peace talks that the work be halted.

The UWSA has 30,000 soldiers and 20,000 auxiliary troops, making it one of the strongest ethnic armies in Myanmar. Wa leaders, who previously ran one of the largest narcotics and methamphetamine trafficking businesses in Southeast Asia, are not short of cash.

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Wa leaders want to equip their forces with even more sophisticated weapons. And they also benefit from supplying the domestic arms market, which is thriving as Myanmar slips into more intense armed conflict and chaos in the ethnic regions.

Several ethnic groups buy arms and ammunition from the Wa.

A view of downtown Panghsang, the Wa capital, in April 2019. / Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy

A veteran ethnic leader who controls a sizable army of his own told me that the Wa’s annual show of force and military parade at their headquarters in Panghsang—which in the past has included missiles, drones and several other types of sophisticated weaponry—are “not only to show off, but also to market weapons to the domestic market.”

“Missiles, drones and sniper [rifles]—we all want to buy them,” he said. And besides, he added, “We can buy them on credit.”

“The more conflict we have, the greater the fortune they can make,” he said with a grin.

Chinese technicians welcome!

Last year, when journalists and visitors traveled to Wa headquarters, they were not allowed to visit military camps and bases in the Wa region. Requests to see such sites were denied. But we saw several Chinese technicians and military advisers. This is nothing new. In the 1970s, China sent military advisers to work with the Communist Party of Burma (CPB) along the border to topple Myanmar’s socialist government.

The CPB set up its headquarters in the Wa Hills in the early 1970s and recruited ethnic Wa, who became the bulk of the CPB’s fighting force. Following a mutiny in 1989, the Wa tribesmen became masters of their own territory.

The CPB is gone but the Chinese remain, looking to strengthen their friendship and cooperation with the Wa.

Now, Chinese technicians have been invited to provide advanced training in the production of artillery and other weapons. They have also hired Chinese military drone specialists. Now the Wa will need aviation specialists from China.

In recent years, as the region’s prosperity grew, the Wa leaders began to think about acquiring sophisticated military drones and helicopters. It appears they have done just that.

According to Asia Times, the UWSA’s arsenal includes new batches of basic infantry systems first fielded in the CPB era: light and heavy machine guns, rocket-propelled grenades and mortars, and recoilless rifles. But there are other entirely new systems and these include

Page 16 of 42 more modern Chinese infantry weapons such as the QBZ-95 assault rifle, which was only adopted in bulk by the People’s Liberation Army in the early 2000s. The new QBZ-95 has been acquired to supplement locally produced Wa copies of the Chinese T-81 assault rifle. Modern Chinese CS/LS06 9mm sub-machine guns and M-99 12.7mm anti-materiel rifles also mark new additions to the Wa arsenal, Asia Times reported. The Wa also produce 122-mm howitzers in their own factories.

Facebook user Yex Nang Song Nyi Nyi offers a glimpse into a mysterious park in Wa Special Region, where children can explore retired aircraft. / Yex Nang Song Nyi Nyi / Facebook

The UWSA has also installed an air defense system, which incorporates radar stations and MANPADS (man-portable air-defense systems), and has bought anti-tank missiles. According to an Asia Times article published last year, “The acquisition of new tactical trucks and, more strikingly, China’s Xinxing (New Star) wheeled armored personnel carriers (APCs) have given a new boost to infantry mobility.”

Indeed, the UWSA now routinely hires Chinese military advisers, many of them retired defense industry employees. There is no shortage of Chinese investors flocking into Wa territory.

As for the Myanmar military, it has said it tolerates the Wa’s muscle-flexing for the sake of peace.

It is believed that some former Chinese officials who fled Chinese President Xi Jinping’s anti- corruption crackdown have taken refuge in Wa territory. They have reportedly set up new businesses and forged business ties with local Wa and Chinese businessmen. Informed sources say Russian arms dealers make frequent visits to Wa territory.

With the arrival of a new toy in Panghsang—whether it’s for leisure or personal transport purposes—Wa senior leaders’ schedules will be full, and they will have an opportunity to get their SUVs serviced.

Other ethnic armed groups will look on—in admiration or envy—as the Wa leaders fly around the Wa Self-Administered Region in their four-seater civilian helicopter. Myanmar’s generals will also be watching.

Aung Zaw is the founding editor-in-chief of The Irrawaddy. https://www.irrawaddy.com/opinion/commentary/myanmars-wa-rebels-procure- helicopter-whats-next.html ------

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Villagers concerned livelihoods will be lost due to mega-projects monnews | 28 February 2020

After learning about large or mega-project plans to build a deep-seaport, a bridge, an airfield and other related infrastructure on Kalagote island, Ye Township, Mon State, villagers expressed concern their livelihoods in fisheries, gardening and farming will be directly affected.

“We could not work anymore if this project is to be implemented. We only know how to fish. We don’t know (how to do other work) to go to foreign country. Therefore, we don’t want such an airfield and deep-seaport”, said one local villager.

Since August 2019, the local people have heard about the project of deep-seaport and airfield in the upper port of Kalagote island in Pashu Chaung, however; they have not been informed regarding the project by the authorities.

“They don’t inform us what they are doing. There is no public consultation with villagers. We saw the road construction recently. But it has stopped now. The flags are set in the plantation of villagers without notification”, explained Nai — from the upper port of Kalagote island.

The villagers gathered together to ask local authorities what their plans were for the project 3 months ago and learned that an airfield 8,000 feet long and 4,000 feet wide is planned.

“They did not call us to tell us. They told us (only) when we asked after gathering. They told us that all so we just know that. Later, red flags were set in the ground, including in my plantation. When we asked them (marine battalion), they said it was the order from the above”, said one villager.

The Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM) tried to interview the Village Administrator regarding the project, but was only offered a “no comment”.

The villagers have decided to form a group to monitor the project.

Kalagote island is divided into two parts, an upper and low port and there are about 1,000 houses with a population of approximately 5,000 people.

According to the statement from the Mon State Chief Minister Dr. Aye San, a deep-seaport on Kalagote island is included in the Mon State Vision — Master Plan 2035.

This article was first published by HURFOM

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http://monnews.org/2020/02/28/villagers-concerned-livelihoods-will-be-lost-due-to-mega- projects/ ------

Myanmar and India Sign Ten Deals During State Visit By Nyein Nyein | 28 February 2020 Myanmar President U Win Myint (left) and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi on Feb. 27. / Myanmar President’s Office

Myanmar and India have signed 10 agreements, including five memorandums of understanding (MoUs), during President U Win Myint’s four-day state visit to India.

The leaders discussed numerous bilateral and international issues, according to a joint statement.

The president was welcomed by his Indian counterpart, Ram Nath Kovind, at the presidential palace, the Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on Thursday and by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at Hyderabad House.

He was accompanied by the ministers for international cooperation U Kyaw Tin, religious affairs and culture Thura U Aung Ko, transport and communications U Thant Sin Maung and the chief minister of Rakhine State, U Nyi Pu, and departmental heads from the Office of the President and Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

The joint statement said the visit “reinforced the tradition of high-level interactions, symbolizing the strong friendly relations existing between the two neighbours”. The countries share a land border of more than 1,600 km as well as a maritime boundary in the Bay of Bengal.

The statement read: “They emphasized that regular high-level interactions have added momentum to the bilateral relations. They welcomed the synergies between Myanmar’s independent, active and non-aligned foreign policy and India’s ‘Act East’ and ‘Neighbourhood First’ policies, and reaffirmed their commitments to further strengthen partnership, explore new avenues of cooperation to expand bilateral relations for the mutual benefit of the two countries and peoples.”

Deals were signed on enhancing cooperation on bilateral energy, trade, development, defense and maritime security and combating terrorism and violent extremism.

Five MoUs signed involve cooperation over petroleum products; cooperation to prevent people trafficking, cooperation on timber trafficking and conservation of tigers and other wildlife.

Page 19 of 42

There was also an MoU between India’s Ministry of Communication and Myanmar’s Ministry of Transport and Communications and another on health research between the Indian Council of Medical Research and Myanmar’s Department of Medical Research, under the Ministry of Health and Sports.

The statement said: “India and Myanmar agreed to cooperate in the field of petroleum products … for cooperation in refining, stockpiling, blending and retail through a government-to-government memorandum of understanding.”

To boost economic cooperation and tourism, both sides agreed to work together to launch the Indian RuPay card in Myanmar and an India-Myanmar digital payment gateway for cross-border remittances.

They agreed to construct a modern check post at Tamu, a border town in Sagaing Region which faces Moreh in the Indian state of Manipur.

The visit deepened defense and maritime security cooperation, building on an agreement signed last year.

The statement said: “Emphasizing the importance of building a comprehensive legal framework for addressing mutual concerns on matters related to security, the two sides agreed to continue negotiations on various pending treaties, such as the Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty on Civil and Commercial Matters and the Extradition Treaty.”

India reaffirmed its support for Myanmar’s democratic transition, peace process and moves to establish a democratic, federal union.

The Indian leadership reiterated its commitment to support Myanmar’s efforts to promote peace, stability and the socio-economic development in Rakhine State through the Rakhine State Development Program. India provided support for prefabricated houses and relief materials for displaced communities in northern Rakhine during 2019.

Both sides agreed to strengthen development cooperation under the Mekong-Ganga Cooperation agreement.

“They welcomed the signing of the agreement on Indian Grant Assistance for Implementation of Quick Impact Projects during the state visit,” said the joint statement.

India praised Myanmar’s cooperation in enabling the movement of project personnel and construction materials and equipment for the construction of the road in Paletwa in Chin State, which is part of the Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project (known as the Kaladan project) across the Mizoram border.

Paletwa Township and adjacent northern Rakhine State have seen heavy fighting between Myanmar’s military and the Arakan Army (AA) since clashes began in late 2018.

Last year, the AA disrupted the movement of project materials along the Kaladan River.

Page 20 of 42

The rebel army kidnapped Indian employees traveling by boat from Paletwa to Kyauktaw along with a National League for Democracy parliamentarian late last year. An Indian man died during the incident.

River transport was closed earlier this month as fighting increased between the AA and Myanmar’s military.

Despite the instability, both leaders “reaffirmed their commitment to the early completion of the Paletwa-Zorinpui road – the final leg of the Kaladan project”.

The road would connect Sittwe’s port to northeastern India, boosting economic development and helping to tackle poverty, the statement said.

On Feb. 1 a port operator was appointed to operate the Sittwe Port and Paletwa Inland Water Transport Terminal.

Both sides said they would cooperate on boundary demarcation and complete several India- funded projects in Myanmar.

Myanmar’s delegation will also visit Bodh Gaya, where Buddha gained enlightenment, and the Taj Mahal.

There have been repeated high-level visits between the neighbors in recent years.

U Win Myint visited India in May last year for Modi’s oath-taking ceremony after his re- election victory. Also in May, India’s defense secretary Sanjay Mitra visited Myanmar.

In December 2018, Ram Nath Kovind visited Myanmar to promote India’s Indo-Pacific strategy and signed several agreements. In January 2018, State Counselor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi visited India for the 25th India-Asean Commemorative Summit.

Modi also visited Naypyitaw in November 2014 and September 2017 for Asean summits.

Then Myanmar president, U Htin Kyaw, and the State Counselor met Modi during their separate visits to India in late 2016.

https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-india-sign-ten-deals-state-visit.html ------

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2020-02-28

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ကရင�န� အမ����သ�� တ���တက��ရ�ပ�တ� KNPP အဖ���အ�နန��က�တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ��ပဿန�က�� ���င�ငံ�ရ�နည��လမ��န�� ��ဖရ�င��သ���ဖ��� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က� ခ�မ�တ�ထ��သလ�� �ပည�နယ�အတ�င�� တပ�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ� �အ�က���ခ�ပဿန��တ�န�� လယ�ယ���မ သ�မ��ဆည��ခံရမ��တ�အ�ပ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဆ������ပ�� ����င������မ��တ�ရ��ခ��တ���က�င�� ယ�န�အခ��န�အထ� �ရ��မတ������င�ဘ� �ဖစ��နတယ�လ��� ဦ��အ�င�ဆန���မင�� က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"က��န��တ���က ဒ��န�က�ဆ�ံ�မ�� �ပ��ခ��တ�� ၂၀၁၈ ���ဝင�ဘ�လက က��န��တ���DOC တစ�ခ�န���ပ���န��၊ NCA မထ���ခင� DOC တစ�ခ�က�� က��န��တ��� �ပ�ခ��လ��က�တယ�၊ ဒ��ပမယ��လည�� ဒ��န�အခ��န�အထ� ဒ� DOC န��ပတ�သက��ပ�� က��န��တ��� �ဆ���������င�တ��တ�� မရ���သ�ဘ���ပ���န�� ဒ� သ�တ���ဖက�က အခ�က ဒ� လက�မ�တ�ထ����ပ��သ��အဖ����တ�န��ပ� ဒ� UPC က�င��ပဖ���က�� အ���ံစ��က��နတ��အတ�က� အခ��န�က လ��နရတ�� သ�ဘ��ပ�� အ���တ�� က��န��တ��� အ���လ�က�ထ� အဆင��မ��ပ� ရ���သ�တ��ပ��။"

သ���ပ�ဆ��သ���တ�� DOC ဆ��တ�က�တ�� ကတ��ပ�ဝန�ခံခ�က�လ��� အဓ�ပ��ယ�ရတ�� (Deed of Commitment for Peace and National Reconciliation) �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ���င�� အမ����သ�� �ပန�လည�သင���မတ��ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� ကတ��ပ�ခ�က�က�� ဆ��လ��တ�ပ� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 22 of 42

တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င� �တ��လ�န��ရ� အဖ���အစည���တ�အ�နန��တ�ည�တ�� ဘ�ံသ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� မ�ဝ�ဒ�တ� ရရ��ဖ��� NCA အပစ�ရပ� လက�မ�တ�မ�ရ�ထ����ကရ�သ�တ�� အဖ����တ� ပ���ပ�င��ပ�ဝင�လ�တ�ဟ�လည�� ဒ�ဟ� ပထမဆ�ံ� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

��စ�ရက�တ� က�င��ပ�ပ�� ဒ�အစည��အ�ဝ�က�န ရရ��လ�တ�� ဘ�ံသ�ဘ�ထ�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က��တ�အ�ပ� မ�တည��ပ�� �ရ��လ�ပ�ငန��စ���တ�က�� အတ�တက� ခ�မ�တ�အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��သ���ဖ��� ရ��သလ�� ဒ�လ��အ��ခခံမ��တ� အတ�တက� ခ�မ�တ����င��ရ�က�စ��တ�မ�� မပ�ဝင�လ����င��သ�တ�� တ�ခ�� တ��င��ရင��သ�� အဖ����တ�က��လည�� ဒ�လ���ဆ������ပ���တ�မ�� ပ�ဝင�လ����င��အ�င� ဆက��က ���စ��သ���မယ�လ���လည�� �ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ�က ��ပ�ဆ���ကပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/nca-signatory-non-signatory-group-discuss-02282020072554.html

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ဖက�ဒရယ�မ� ဘ�ံသ�ဘ�ထ��ရရ���ရ� လက�နက�က��င� ၁၂ ဖ����ဆ������

By �က���ခ | 28 February 2020

ခ�င��မ��င��မ ���တ�င� ယ�န��ပ�လ�ပ�သည�� အစည��အ�ဝ�သ��� တက��ရ�က�လ�သည�� RCSS �ခ�င���ဆ�င� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ��က�� ယ�က�စစ���င�� အဖ���မ��� / �က���ခ / ဧရ�ဝတ�

၂၁ ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ� အစည��အ�ဝ�မတ��င�မ�� တ��င�ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���အစည��မ���၏ ဖယ�ဒရယ�မ� ဘ�ံသ�ဘ�ထ�� ရယ�ရန�အတ�က� လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���အစည�� ၁၂ ဖ���၏ ထ�ပ�သ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�မ���က ထ��င�����င�ငံ ခ�င��မ��င��မ ���တ�င� �ဆ�������န�ကသည�။

“ တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င� �တ��လ�န��ရ� အဖ���အစည��မ���၏ ဖက�ဒရယ�အ��ခခံမ� အတည��ပ��ရ� ည����င��အစည�� အ�ဝ�” ဆ��သည�� �ခ�င��စ���ဖင�� �ဆ�������န�က�ခင���ဖစ��ပ�� အစည��အ�ဝ�က�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ မ� ၂၉ ရက��န� အထ� �ပ�လ�ပ�မည��ဖစ���က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

ထ�� အစည��အ�ဝ�က�� အစ���ရ��င�� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ�သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� (NCA) လက�မ�တ� �ရ�ထ���ထ���သ� တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င� ၁၀ ဖ�����င�� အတ� ကခ�င�လ�တ�လပ��ရ� အဖ��� (KIO) ��င�� ကရင�န� အမ����သ�� တ���တက��ရ�ပ�တ� (KNPP) မ� ထ�ပ�သ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�မ��� တက��ရ�က� �ဆ�������န�ကသည�။

ထ�� အစည��အ�ဝ� က�င��ပ�ရ��က��မတ�၏ ��ပ�ခ�င��ရပ�ဂ� ��လ�လည���ဖစ� KNPP ၏ ထ�ပ�သ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� တဦ�လည�� �ဖစ�သည�� ဦ��အ�င�ဆန���မင�� က “အခ��လ��လ� ဆယ�က�တ�� က��န��တ��� ဒ� ၁၂ ဖ���က ဖက�ဒရယ�ရ�� အ��ခခံမ� ဘ�ံသ�ဘ�ထ���တ�က�� ရရ��ဖ��� အစည�� အ�ဝ�လ�ပ��ကတ��ဖစ�တယ�။ ဒ��အ�ပင� �န�က�တခ�က�က�တ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က�� ဘယ�လ�� �ရ��ဆက��ပ��သ���မယ� ဆ��တ�� ရည�ရ�ယ�ခ�က�န�� Update �လ��တ�မ��ဝတ��သ�ဘ��လ�က��ပ��” ဟ� သတင���ထ�က�မ���က�� ��ပ�သည�။

အပစ�ရပ� ၁၀ ဖ���တ�င� ကရင�အမ����သ�� အစည��အ��ံ� ( KNU)၊ ရ�မ���ပည��ပန�လည�ထ��ထ�င��ရ� �က�င�စ� (RCSS)၊ မ�န��ပည�သစ�ပ�တ� (NMSP)၊ �မန�မ����င�ငံလ�ံ�ဆ��င�ရ� �က��င��သ��မ��� ဒ�မ��ကရက�တစ� တပ�ဦ� (ABSDF)၊ ကရင� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �က�င�စ� (KNU/KNLA-PC)၊ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� အက�����ပ� ကရင�တပ�မ�တ�� (DKBA)၊ ခ�င��အမ����သ��တပ�ဦ� (CNF)၊ လ��ဟ�ဒ�မ��ကရက�တစ� အစည��အ��ံ� (LDU)၊ ရခ��င��ပည�လ�တ� ��မ�က��ရ�ပ�တ� (ALP)၊ ပအ��ဝ��အမ����သ�� လ�တ� ��မ�က��ရ� အဖ���ခ��ပ� (PNLO) တ����ဖစ�သည�။

Page 23 of 42

ယ�န� က�င��ပသည�� အစည��အ�ဝ�တ�င� တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���အစည��မ���အ�က�� �က�ံ�တ���န�ကရသည�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��အ��ခအ�နမ�����င��ပတ�သက�၍ ဖလ�ယ��န�က�ပ�� ဖက�ဒရယ�မ� ဘ�ံသ�ဘ�ထ�� ရရ���ရ� အတ�က�လည�� ဆက�လက��ဆ������မည�ဟ� ထ��အစည��အ�ဝ�က�င��ပ�ရ� �က��မတ�၏ ��ပ�ခ�င��ရလည���ဖစ� RCSS အဖ���၏ ထ�ပ�သ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� တဦ�လည���ဖစ�သည�� စ��င��လ�န�� က ��ပ�သည�။

��စ�ရက�တ��ပ�လ�ပ�မည�� ခ�င��မ��င�အစည��အ�ဝ�မ� ထ�က�ရ��လ�မည�� ရလဒ���င�� ပတ�သက�၍ “အခ�က ၁၂ ဖ���ရ�� အခင��အက�င��ဆ���တ�� �ရ��ဆက�ဘယ�လ�� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�သ���မလ�ဆ��တ� �ဆ������ပ�� �ပ��တ�� �န�က�ပ��င��မ�ဘ� ��ပ�လ���ရမ���ပ��” ဟ� စ��င��လ�န�� က��ပ�သည�။

အမ����သ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အဖ���ခ��ပ� (NLD) အစ���ရလက�ထက�တ�င� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ည�လ�ခံ ၂၁ ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံ ၃ �က�မ� က�င��ပ���င�ခ���ပ�� ထ��ည�လ�ခံမ���မ� ဘ�ံသ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� ၅၁ ခ�က�ရရ��ခ��သည�။ သ����သ��လည�� ထ��သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�မ���က�� လ�တ��တ��က အတည��ပ����င��ခင���တ�� မရ���သ��ပ။

ထ��သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� ၅၁ ခ�က���င�� ပတ�သက�၍ “အရင�တ�န��က ၅၁ ခ�က�က�� �လ�လ�လ��က�လ���ရ��ရင� သ�ပ�တယ�။ တကယ�� ဖက�ဒရယ�က�� တည��ဆ�က�တ�� အခ�မ�� တကယ�� အ��ခခံက�တ�� မ��တ� မပ��သ�ဘ��။ အခ�က��န��တ��� �ဆ������တ�� အ��ခခံမ��တ�က�တ�� ဖက�ဒရယ� တည��ဆ�က�တ�� �နရ�မ�� တကယ��က�� အ��ခခံသင��တ�� အဓ�ကက�တ�� အ��က�င��အရ��တ�ပ�” ဟ� ဦ��အ�င�ဆန���မင�� က ��ပ�သည�။

ယခ��ဆ������ပ��တ�င� အပစ�မရပ�ရ�သ�သည�� အဖ���မ���အနက� KIO ��င�� KNPP တ����ဖင�� ကနဦ� ပ�ဝင��ခင���ဖစ��ပ�� �န�က�ပ��င��တ�င� “ဝ” �ပည��သ��စည��ည���တ��ရ�တပ�မ�တ�� (UWSA)၊ ရ�မ��အ�ရ��၊ အမ����သ�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� မဟ�မ�တ� တပ�မ�တ�� (NDAA)၊ �မန�မ�အမ����သ�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� မဟ�မ�တ�တပ�မ�တ�� (MNDAA)၊ တအန��အမ����သ�� လ�တ���မ�က��ရ� တပ�မ�တ�� (TNLA)၊ ရက� ��င�စစ�တပ� (AA) တ���လည�� ပ�ဝင�လ����င�သည�ဟ�ဆ��သည�။

ဦ��အ�င�ဆန���မင��က “�လ��လ�ဆယ� က��န��တ���မ�� ဒ�အခ� အ��ခခံမ�က�� �က ���ပမ���နတ�� အခ�မ�� န��စပ�တ�� အဖ����တ�က�� အရင�ဆ�ံ�လ�ပ�တယ�။ �န�က�တ�ဖည���ဖည��န�� အ��လ�ံ�ပ�လ����င��အ�င� လ�ပ�မယ�� ရည�ရ�ယ�ခ�က�ရ��တယ�။ �န�က�ပ��င��မ���တ�� အ��လ�ံ�ပ�လ�မ���ပ��။ လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���အစည��တင�မဟ�တ�ဘ�� Stakeholders �တ�ပ� ပ�လ�မ���ပ��” ဟ� ဆ��သည�။

https://burma.irrawaddy.com/news/2020/02/28/216689.html

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RCSSန�� တပ�မ�တ�� တ��က�ပ�� တင��မ��နဆ�

By စ��င��ဦ� | 28 February 2020

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ။ ။ ရ�မ���ပည��တ�င�ပ��င��၊ မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� လ�ယ�တ�မ���တ�င��ပ�တ�င� RCSSန�� တပ�မ�တ�� တ��� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� (၂၇) နံနက�ပ��င��က တ��က�ပ��စတင��ဖစ�ပ���ခ���ပ�� ယ�န�အခ��န�ထ� တ��က�ပ�� �ပင��ထန��န �သ�သည�ဟ� ရ�မ���ပည��ပန�လည� ထ��ထ�င� �ရ� �က�င�စ�(RCSS/SSA)မ� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စ��င��အ�မ��ခ� ကဆ��သည�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� (၂၇) ရက��န� နံနက� ရ�စ�န�ရ�ခန��က လက�နက��က��ပစ�ခတ�မ�မ����ဖင�� စတင��ဖစ�ပ���ခ���ပ�� ယ�န� မ�န��လ��ပ��င��အထ� တ��က�ပ�� �ပင��ထန�လ�က�ရ����က�င��ဆ��သည�။

Page 24 of 42

ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စ��င��အ�မ��ခ�က “မ�န�က�တ�� တစ��နက�န��လ�က�ပ� ဒ��န� တ��က�ပ�� အ��ခအ�နက တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က လက�နက��က��န�� မ�က�မ�က� လ�မ��ပစ��နတ�န�� ”ဟ�ဆ��သည�။

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ�၊ မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ�အတ�င��က လ� ��င��တ�င���တ�င��က��မ�� တပ�မ�တ�� တပ�ရင�� (၄) ရင��က အင�အ�� ၄၀၀ ဝန��က�င�န��RCSS တ����က�� လက�နက��က�� ပစ�ခတ�မ�မ����ဖင�� တ��က�ပ�� �ပင��ထန�ခ����က�င�� ရ�မ���ပည��ပန�လည� ထ��ထ�င� �ရ� �က�င�စ�(RCSS/SSA)ဘက�က ��ပ�သည�။

လက�နက��က��အသံ�တ� �က���နရ�ပ�� တ��က�ပ��က မည�သ���ဆက��ဖစ�မည�က�� �စ�င���ကည���နရသည�� အ�နအထ�� �ဖစ��နသည�ဟ� မ�ဆ��နယ�အမ�တ� (၁) မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� �ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�စ��င��ပန�က ��ပ�သည�။

“တ��က�ပ��က မ�န�က �ဖစ�တ�ရယ� ဒ��န��ဖစ�တ�ရယ� ဒ��န� �န�လည�ထ��တ�� အသံ�က���နရတ�န�� သတင��ကအတ�က� ရဖ���မလ�ယ�ဘ���လ �တ�ထ�မ�� �ဖစ�တ�ဆ���တ�� အန��န�� ရ���တ� ��ပ�တ�က လက�နက��က��သံ�တ� �က���နရတယ�လ�����ပ�တယ� ” ဟ� ဆ��သည�။

ယခ��ပဿန�မ�� နယ���မကန��သတ�ခ�က��တ� ရ���သ��လည�� အ�ပန�အလ�န�ယ�ံ�ကည�မ��တ� မတည��ဆ�က����င�ဘ� သံသယ�တ�ရ���န�ခင����က�င�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ရသည�ဟ� ���င�ငံ�ရ��လ�လ�သ�ံ�သပ�သ� ဦ�သန��စ������င�က ဆ��သည�။

“စစ�ပ���တ� �ဖစ�ရတ�က အ�ပန�အလ�န�ယ�ံ�ကည�မ��တ� မတည��ဆ�က����င�လ��� သံသယ�တ�ရ���နတ� �န�က�တစ�ခ�က စစ�နယ���မန�� ပတ�သက�လ��� တ�တ�က�က� သတ�မ�တ�ထ��တ��ဟ��တ� ရ���သ���င��လည��ဘ� အ��ဒ��တ�က�� ခ�����ဖ�က��နတ�� အ�ပ�မ�� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� ပ��တ���စ�င���ကည���ရ��က��မတ� (JMC) ကလည�� အလ�ပ�မလ�ပ����င�တ�� �အ�က�မ�� ဒ�လ���ဖစ�လ�တယ�လ��� ထင�တယ�” ဟ���ပ�သည�။

�င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� ဦ��ဆ�င�အဖ���(PPST) ၏ ယ�ယ��ခ�င���ဆ�င�အ�ဖစ� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� ယ�က�စစ�က တ�ဝန�ယ��ဆ�င�ရ�က��န�ပ�� တစ����င�ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ�ရပ�စ��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� (NCA) အ�က�င� အထည��ဖ��မ�ဆ��င�ရ� ည����င��အစည��အ�ဝ� (JICM)၌ �ပည��ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ည�လ�ခံ ၂၁ ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ�အ�က�မ� က�င��ပ���င��ရ�၊ �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ��� �ရ��ဆက�သ������င��ရ�တ���က�� ဦ��ဆ�င� �ဆ�������နသည�။

���င�ငံ�ရ��လ�လ�သ�ံ�သပ�သ� ဦ�သန��စ������င�က တစ����င�ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ� စ�ခ��ပ�(NCA) ထ���ထ��သည�� EAO မ���ထ�တ�င� ဥက�ဌ�ဖစ��နသည�� အဖ�����င�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ��ခင��မ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�အတ�က� အဖ�အထစ��ဖစ��စသည�ဟ�ဆ��သည�။ ၎င��က “တ��က�ပ����က�င�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�အ�ပ� ယ�ံ�ကည�မ� အ�တ���လ�က�� �လ���က�သ����စတယ��ပ�� အ�တ�လည�� စ�တ�မ�က�င��စရ�အ�ဖစ�တစ�ခ�ဘ� ဘ��ဖစ�လ���လည��ဆ���တ�� RCSS က ခ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ�� NCA ထ���ထ��တ�� EAO�တ�ထ��မ�� သ�ကဥက�ဌ �ဖစ��နတ��ပ�� ဥက�ဌ�ဖစ��နတ�� အဖ���န�� တပ�မ�တ��န��တ��က�တယ�ဆ���တ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�မ�� �တ���တ���လ��တ�� အဖ�အထစ��တ� �ဖစ�လ�တ��ပ��” ဟ���ပ�သည�။

အဆ��ပ� တ��က�ပ����င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�အ�ပ� ယ�ံ�ကည�မ� �လ���က�သ���သည�ဟ� ��ပ�မရ�သ���က�င�� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စ��င��အ�မ��ခ�က ဆ��သည�။

“ယ�ံ�ကည�မ� �လ���သ���တယ�လ����တ�� ��ပ�လ��� မရ�သ�ဘ���ပ�� ဒ��ပမ�� နည��နည���တ�� သံသရ �ဖစ��စတ��ပ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�တည��ဆ�က�တ���နရ�မ�� ခ�က�ခ�င���က��တည��ဆ�က�လ��� မရ�သ�ဘ���ပ�� ” ဟ���ပ�သည�။

တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���သည�� အ��ခအ�န��င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ�န��ပန��က���ရ�အဖ���ထံသ��� မဇ��မက ဆက�သ�ယ� �မ��မန���သ��လည�� ဖ�န��လက�ခံ ��ဖ�ခင��မရ��သည��အတ�က� တစ�စ�ံတစ�ရ� မသ�ရ�ပ။

Page 25 of 42

RCSS/SSA သည� NCA စ�ခ��ပ�က�� ၂၀၁၅ ခ���စ�၊ �အ�က�တ��ဘ� ၁၅ ရက�က လက�မ�တ�ထ���ထ��သည�� ရ�မ�� လက�နက�က��င� �ဖစ��ပ�� လက�ရ��မ��လည�� အစ���ရ၊ တပ�မ�တ�� အပ�အဝင� တ�ခ���သ� လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���မ��� �ဖင�� ပ���ပ�င��က� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ���က�� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��လ�က�ရ���နသည�။ ရ�မ���ပည��ပန�လည� ထ��ထ�င� �ရ� �က�င�စ�(RCSS/SSA)သည� ထ��င��-�မန�မ�နယ�စပ� လ�ယ�တ��င��လ��န�မ�� ဗဟ��ဌ�နခ��ပ�အ�ဖစ� ထ��က� ရ�မ���ပည�နယ���မ�က�ပ��င��၊ �တ�င�ပ��င��၊ အ�ရ��ပ��င��တ���မ�� စစ��ရ� လ�ပ�ရ���လ�က�ရ��သည�။

http://www.mizzimaburmese.com/article/67630

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မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� တ�င� RCSS ��င�� တပ�မ�တ�� ယ�န�ထ� တ��က�ပ�� တင��မ��နဆ�

By Nang Seng Nom - February 28, 2020

သ�မ���ပည��တ�င�ပ��င�� မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� အတ�င�� RCSS/SSA ��င�� အစ���ရတပ�မ�တ�� တ��� ယ�န�ခ��န�ထ� စစ��ရ� တင��မ� မ� ရ���န�သ���က�င�� သတင��ရရ��သည�။

Photo by RCSS/SSA

မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� ဟမ��င��င���က��ရ��အ�ပ�စ� အတ�င�� သ�မ���ပည� �ပန�လည� ထ��ထ�င��ရ� �က�င�စ�၊ သ�မ���ပည� တပ�မ�တ��( RCSS/SSA) ��င�� အစ���ရတပ�မ�တ��သည�ယမန��န� (�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၇) �န�မ� စတင�က� စစ��ရ� �ပင��ထန�ခ���ကရ� ယ�န� ခ��န�ထ� တ��က�ပ�� �ဖစ�ပ����န�သ���က�င�� RCSS/SSA ��ပ��ရ� ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� ဗ��လ�မ�� ခမ��စံ က သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင�� သ��� အတည��ပ���ပ��က��သည�။

“ အခ�ထ� တ��က�ပ�� က မ�င�မ��သ�ဘ��။ မ�န�ကလ���တ�� တ��က�ပ�� မ�ပင��ထန��တ��ဘ��။ တပ�မ�တ��က တပ�မဆ�တ��သ�ဘ��။ သ�တ��� တပ�မဆ�တ�သ�ရ���တ�� စစ��ရ��တ� တင��မ�မယ�” ဟ� ဗ��လ�မ�� ခမ��စံ က ဆ��သည�။

တ��က�ပ��အ�ပ�� တပ�မ�တ��၏ လက�နက�မ��� က�� RCSS/SSA ဘက�မ� သ�မ��ဆည��ရမ���က�င�� ��မ�ပင� တ��က�ပ��တ�င� တ�ဝန�က�သည�� RCSS/SSA အရ�ရ��တဦ�က သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင�� သ��� ��ပ�သည�။

သ����သ�� အဆ��ပ� က�စ���င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� RCSS/SSA �ပန��က���ရ� ဗ��လ�မ�� ခမ��စံ က�� �မ��မန��ရ� “ အခ� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ��နတ��အခ��န�ဆ���တ�� ��ပ�လ���မရ�သ�ဘ��” ဟ� သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင�� က�� ��ပ��ပသည�။

ယမန��န� တ�င� တ��က�ပ��သည� မနက� ၈န�ရ� ခ��မ� စတင�က� ည�န ပ��င��ထ� �ဖစ�ပ���ခ����က�င��၊ ယ�န�တ�င�လည�� ယခ�ခ��န�ထ� တ��က�ပ�� တင��မ��နဆ� �ဖစ���က�င��သ�ရသည�။

သ�မ���ပည� အမ����သ�����င�ငံ�ရ� �ဆ������ပ��က�� မတ�လ အတ�င�� �ပ�လ�ပ�ရန� RCSS/SSA မ� ယခ�လ ၂၄ ရက�ရက���က�င�ခ�က�ထ�တ��ပန�ထ���ပ�� လင���ခ��မ ���တ�င� �ပ�လ�ပ�ရန�လ��ထ����က�င�� ��ပ�ခ�င��ရက သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင��က�� ��ပ�ဆ��ခ��သည�။

ထ����ပင� NCA လက�မ�တ�ေ�ထ���ထ���သ� RCSS/SSA သည� စတ�တ�အ�က�မ���မ�က� ၂၁ပင�လ�ံ ည�လ�ခံ �ဖစ���မ�က�လ�ရန� အတ�က� ဦ��ဆ�င�သည�� အဖ��� တဖ���လည�� �ဖစ�သည�။

ထ��လက�ရ�� တ��က�ပ����က�င�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ���၊ ယ�ံ�ကည�မ�မ��� ပ�က�ပယ����င�သည� ဟ� ���င�ငံ�ရ� အသ��င��အဝ��င��က သ�ံ�သပ� ��ပ�ဆ��သည�။

Page 26 of 42

“ အခ�လ�� တ��က�ပ��ထပ��ဖစ�တယ�ဆ���တ�� ပထမ အခ�က�က ယ�ံ�ကည�မ�က�� အထ�� ထ�ခ��က��စတယ�။�န�က�တခ�က�က �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဖ���ဆ�င�မ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��က��လည�� ပ� အ����က�အယ�က��ဖစ��စပ�တယ�” ဟ� သ�မ��တ��င��ရင��သ�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� အဖ���ခ��ပ� အ�ထ��ထ� အတ�င���ရ�မ�� စ��င��လ�တ� က ��ပ�သည�။

RCSS/SSA သည� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� ဦ��ဆ�င�သည�� အဖ��� (PPST) ဥက�ဌ ရ�ထ�� ယ�ထ��သည�� အတ�က� တ��က�ပ�� ဆက��ဖစ�မည�ဆ��ပ�က �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဆ������မ� ပ��တ���က��မတ� (UPDJC) လ�ပ�ငန��စ��က�� ရပ�တန�သ������င���က�င�� စ��င��လ�တ� က သ�ံ�သပ���ပ�သည�။

“ ပ�တ�တ��က�မ��တ� မ�ဖစ�တ� အ�က�င��ဆ�ံ�ပ�ပ�” ဟ� လည�� စ��င��လ�တ�က မ�တ�ခ�က��ပ�လ��က�သည�။

တပ�မ�တ��သည� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ� ဆ��င�ရ� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�စ�ခ��ပ� ( NCA) လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ���ထ��သည�� ကရင� အမ����သ��အစည��အ��ံ� (KNU) တပ�မဟ� (၅) ဖ�ပ�န�နယ���မ အတ�င��တ�င�လည�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ��န�ပ��၊ RCSS/SSA ဧရ�ယ� မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� ဟမ��င��င� �က��ရ�� ဘက�တ�င�လည�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ��န��က�င�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� �လ�လ�သ�ံ�သပ�သ� ဦ��မ�င��မ�င�စ��� က ��ပ�သည�။

ထ��တ��က�ပ���တ� �ဖစ�ပ���မ���က�င�� ဦ��မ�င��မ�င�စ��� က “ က��န��အ�မင�က�တ�� မတ�လမ��လ�ပ�မယ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ���တ�မ�� ထ�ခ��က����င�မယ�လ��� က��န��ထင�တယ�။ အ��မ�� ��ဖရ�င��ဖ��� �က ���စ��မလ��။ အ��ဒ�က�� မ��ဖရ�င��ဘ��လ�� ဆ��တ� �စ�င���ကည��ရမယ�� �ပဿန� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ� ” ဟ� သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင�� က�� ��ပ�သည�။

မတ�လဆန��ပ��င��တ�င� က�င��ပမည�� အမ����သ���ပန�လည� သင���မတ��ရ� ��င�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� ဗဟ��ဌ�န (NRPC)၊ �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဆ������မ� ပ��တ���က��မတ� (UPDJC) ��င�� တ��င��ရင��သ��လက�နက�က��င�မ��� အဖ��� EAOs တ��� �တ��ဆ�ံ �ပ�� �ပဿန�က�� မ��ဖရ�င�����င�ပ�က “ လင���ခ�” တ�င� က�င��ပမည�� သ�မ���ပည� အမ����သ�� အဆင�����င�ငံ�ရ� �တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������ပ�� က�� ထ�ခ��က����င���က�င�� ဦ��မ�င��မ�င�စ���က ��ပ�ဆ��လ��က�သည�။

ဆက�လက��ပ�� ဦ��မ�င��မ�င�စ��� က “ �င�မ��ခ�မ�ေ�ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� အရ��န��က�င��လ��ပ�� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က��တ� ရလ��ပ�ဆ��ရင� တ��က�ပ���တ��ပ�လ�တက�တ�လည�� ထ��ဆန��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�က�� တဖက�န�� တဖက� ထ�န��ခ��ပ�မ� မရ��ဘ��။ စစ��ရ� တ��က�ပ���ဖ���နတ�က�တ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� အတ�က� အ��ဖထ�တ�စရ�ပ�ပ�” လ��� �ထ�က��ပ ��ပ�ဆ��သည�။

တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���သည�� အ��ခအ�န ��င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ�န� �ပန��က���ရ�က�� သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင�� မ� ဆက�သ�ယ��မ��မန��ရ� မရရ��ခ���ပ။

https://burmese.shannews.org/archives/15542

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RCSS/SSA �တ�င�ပ��င��န�� တပ�မ�တ���က�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�

28 �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�၊ 2020 | က��မ����ဇ��

SSA-RCSS �ရ��တန��တပ�သ��မ���

ရပ�န��ထ��ရတ� တ��စ��က����န�ပ��ဖစ�တ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ည�လ�ခံ �ပန�လည�စတင�ဖ��� �ပင�ဆင��နခ��န�မ��ပ� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�မ���ပည��ပန�လည�ထ��ထ�င��ရ��က�င�စ� RCSS/SSA �တ�င�ပ��င��အ�က�� ရ�မ���ပည�နယ� မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ�အတ�င��မ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�တ��က�ပ��ဟ� ၂၇ရက��န� မနက� ၈န�ရ�က�နစတင�ခ���ပ�� ဒ�က�န�မ��လည�� လက�နက��က���တ�န��ပစ�ခတ��နဆ��ဖစ�တယ�လ��� RCSS ဘက�က သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�ပ�တယ�။

Page 27 of 42

တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က�တ�� မ��ယစ�သတင��ရလ��� သ����ရ�က�တ�က�� RCSS ဘက�က စတင�တ��က�ခ��က���က�င�� ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�သတင��က���တ�� ဗ��အ���အ�မန�မ�ပ��င��သတင���ထ�က� က��မ����ဇ��က တင��ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

တပ�မ�တ��န�� RCSS/SSA �တ�င�ပ��င��တပ�ဖ����တ�ဟ� မ��င��က��င��မ ���န�� မ��င�၂၀�လ�က�အက�� ဟမ��င��င���က��ရ��အ�ပ�စ�အတ�င��က လ�ယ��တ�င���တ�င���က�မ��ထ��တ��တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ����နတ�ပ�။

RCSS က ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� ဒ�ဗ��လ�မ���က�� အ�မ��ခ�က သ�တ��� တပ�ဖ����တ� စစ���က�င��သ���ရင��န���နခ��န�မ�� တပ�မ�တ��က လ��ရ�က�တ��က�ခ��က�တ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ �တ�ထ�မ�� ဆ���တ�� က��န��တ���လ��တ� သ���လ�ရင��န�� ခဏ န��လ��က�တ��က�န���ပ���လ။ အ��တ�� တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က ဘယ�လ�� သတင��ရလ��တ�� မသ�ဘ��။ အဘက�ဘက� ၀ုိင��ဝင��ပ���တ�� ၀င�တ��က�လ��က�တ��ပ��။ မ�န�က တ�နက�န�န��ပ���လ�က�ပ�။ မနက� ၈န�ရ�က�န�ပ���တ��ည�န ၅န�ရ��လ�က�။ ဒ�က�န� မနက�ပ��င�� လက�နက��က��ပစ�တ� အ�ဒ��လ�က�ပ� �က���သ�တယ��န��။ တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က ပစ�တ��ပ���န��။ ”

၂၀၁၅ခ���စ�က တစ����င�ငံလ�ံ�ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ�ရပ�စ��ရ�သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� NCA က�� လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ���ခ��တ�� RCSS/SSA �တ�င�ပ��င��တပ�ဖ���ဟ� ရ�မ���ပည�နယ��တ�င�ပ��င�� ထ��င���မန�မ�နယ�စပ�မ�� အ��ခစ��က��ပမ�� တပ�ဖ���ဝင��တ�က�တ�� ရ�မ���ပည�နယ���မ�က�ပ��င�� �က��က�မ�၊ သ��ပ�၊ နမ��ခမ���ဒသဘက��တ�အထ� လ�ပ�ရ����နတ��အဖ����ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

NCA လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ����ပ���န�က�မ��လည�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� မ�က�ခဏ တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���ခ��ဖ���ပ�� အဓ�က နယ���မ�က���လ�န�လ�ပ�ရ���တ��တ���က�င��လ��� တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�တ��တ� ရ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

လတ�တ�လ��ဖစ�ပ���တ��တ��က�ပ��အ�ပ�မ���တ�� ဒ�ဗ��လ�မ���က�� အ�မ��ခ�က အခ�လ�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ နယ���မက���လ�န�တ��တ�� မဟ�တ�ဘ���န��။ နယ���မရယ�လ��� သတ�သတ�မ�တ�မ�တ�၊ တ�တ�က�က� ��စ�ဘက� �ဆ�������ပ���တ�� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က��တ� ရထ��တ�မရ���သ�ဘ���န��။”

မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ�အတ�င�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���တ�န��ပတ�သက�လ�� အ�ရ��အလယ�ပ��င��တ��င��(ရလခ)စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ�က�� ဆက�သ�ယ�အ��က�င���က��ထ��သလ�� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ�ရပ�စ��ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� ပ��တ���စ�င���ကည���ရ��က��မတ� JMC က�န တဆင�� ��ဖရ�င��သ���မယ�လ���လည�� ဆက���ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ က��န��တ��� ဆက�ဆံ�ရ���ံ�က�န�ပ���တ�� ရလခတ��င����ံ�န�� ဆက�သ�ယ��ပ���တ�� အ��က�င���က���ကတ�၊ �ဆ��������ပ��က���ကတ��တ�� ရ��တယ�လ��� �က��တယ�။ ဒ��တ�� လ�ံ�ဝ မ�ဖစ�သင��တ��ဟ�ဆ���တ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ထ�ခ��က�မ��တ�� အနည��န�� အမ���ရ��လ�မ��မယ�ထင�တ�ပ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� ဘယ�လ��ပ� �ဖစ��န�ဖစ��န စစ�တပ�န�� ပတ�သက�တ�� က�စ�ဆ���တ�� JMC က�န�ပ���တ�� �ပန�လည��ပ���တ�� �ဆ�������ကဖ����တ�� အ�လ���တ�� ရ��တ��ပ���န��။”

ဒ�က�န� RCSS ရ�� သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�မ���တ�� အစ���ရတပ�မ�တ��က တပ�ရင��၄ရင�� လ�အင�အ�� ၄၀၀�က���န�� တ��က�ခ��က�ခ����က�င��၊ ဒ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ���က�င�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�လ�ပ�ငန��စ��န��ပတ�သက�တ�� တပ�မ�တ��ရ�� ရပ�တည�ခ�က�က�� သံသယပ����စ��က�င�� န�� လ�မယ��လမ�� က�င��ပမယ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� �ဆ�������ရ�ပ��တ���က��မတ� UPDJC န�� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ�ရပ�စ��ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� ပ��တ���စ�င���ကည���ရ��က��မတ� JMC တက��ရ�က��ရ�က�� �ပန�လည�သ�ံ�သပ�သ���မ���ဖစ���က�င�� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ�က �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�စ��င��ပန�က�တ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���ရ��နရ�က �က��ရ���တ�န�� အလ�မ���ဝ��ပ�� �လ��လ�ဆည� စစ��ရ��င��တ�ရ��သတင��က�� မ�က��သ�ရ�သ���က�င�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ �န�က�ဆ�ံ�အ��ခအ�နက မ�န�က�တ�� တ��က�ပ���တ�� မနက�က�န ည�နထ��တ�� �သနတ�သံ�က���နရတယ�။ အခ�က��တ�� မနက�ပ��င�� �စ��စ� ၆န�ရ��က���တည��က �န�လည�ပ��င��အထ��တ��

Page 28 of 42

အသံက �က���နရတယ�။ လက�နက��က���တ�န��ပစ�တယ�။ ရဟတ�ယ���လည�� ၀ဲတယ�။ အခ�ထက�ထ��တ�� အ��ဖ�တ�� ဘ��ဖစ�မ�န�� မသ��သ�ဘ��။ သ�တ����ဖစ��နတ�က �တ�င��ပ�မ���လ။ ရ���တ�က �တ�င���ခမ��ပ� ရ��တ��လ။ ရ��သ���တ� ထ�က���ပ�တ�တ��� ဘ�တ����တ�� အခ�ထက�ထ� အတည��ပ�လ��� ရတ��သတင���တ�� မရ�သ�ဘ��။”

၂၀၁၈ခ���စ� ဇ�လ��င�လအတ�င��ကလည�� မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� အတ�င��မ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���တ���က�င�� ဟမ��င��င���က��ရ��ဘ�န���တ���က���က��င���တ�မ�� လ� တစ��ထ�င��လ�က� လ��ရ�က�ခ��လ�ံခ��ရဖ��ပ�တယ�။

မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ�အတ�င��တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���တ��သတင��န��ပတ�သက��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ��သတင��မ�န��ပန��က���ရ�အဖ��� အတ�င���ရ�မ�� ဗ��လ�မ��ခ��ပ� �ဇ��မင��ထ�န��က�တ�� အခ�လ�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ ၂၂ရက��န� မနက� ၉န�ရ�မ�� အခ� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ����နတ�� မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� ဟ��ခ��က��ရ��ရ�� အ�ရ���တ�င�ဘက��လ�က�မ�� မ��ယစ��ဆ�ဝ��သတင��ရရ��တ� ရ��ပ�တယ�။ တပ�အ�နန�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ဝင��ရ�က� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�ဆ���ပ�� တရ��ဝင� အ��က�င���က��ထ��တယ�။ အ�ဒ�နယ���မအတ�င��မ�� RCSS/SSA အဖ����တ� နယ���မ�က���လ�န�ဝင��ရ�က��နတ�ရ��ရင� ဖယ��ပ�ဖ���ဆ���ပ�� က��န��တ��� အ��က�င���က��ခ��တ�ရ��တယ�။ �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ ၂၇ရက��န�က�မ� က��န��တ��� တပ��တ� စ�ပ���တ�� လ�ံ�ခံ��ရ��ဆ�င�ရ�က�တ��ဖစ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�လ�ံ�ခံ��ရ�ယ�တ��အခ��န�မ�� သ�တ��� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�ထ�တ��ပန�ထ��တ��တ�ရ��လ�မ��မယ�။ တပ�က�နပ� စတ��က�တ��ပ�ံစံမ����၊ စခန���တ� စတ��က�တ��ပ�ံစံမ����။ နယ���မလည���က���လ�န�ဝင��ရ�က��န�သ�တယ�။ က��န��တ��� ၅ရက��လ�က��က ��တင��ပ�� အ��က�င���က��တယ�။ အ�လ��အ��က�င���က��တ�က�� အခ�င���က�င��ယ��ပ�� သ�တ���က စတင�ပစ�ခတ�တယ�။ က��န��တ���ဆ�က အရ�ရ��န�� စစ�သည�တခ���� က�ဆ�ံ�တ�ရ��တယ�။ တခ���� ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��တ�ရ��တယ�။ အ�ဒ��ဖစ�စ���ဖစ�ပ���တ�ရ��ပ�တယ�။ ”

ဒ��န� �န�က�ဆ�ံ�အ��ခအ�နက���တ�� မသ�ရ�သ���က�င�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဒ�လ ရရက��န�က RCSS ဌ�နခ��ပ�လ� ��င�တန��လ�န��မ��က�င��ပတ�� ရ�မ���ပည�အမ����သ���န�အခမ��အန��က�� အစ���ရရ�� အမ����သ���ပန�လည�သင���မတ��ရ�န�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ဗဟ��ဌ�န ဒ�ဥက�ဌ �ပည��ထ�င�စ��ရ���နခ��ပ� ဦ�ထ�န��ထ�န��ဦ�န��တပ�မ�တ��က စစ��ဆ��ရ�အရ�ရ��ခ��ပ� ဒ�တ�ယဗ��လ�ခ��ပ��က���အ�ဝင��ဦ��ဆ�င�တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�အဖ����တ� တက��ရ�က�ခ���ပ�� တပ�မ�တ��က�က�ယ��ရ�ဦ�စ��ခ��ပ� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ�မ���က��မင���အ�င�လ�င�ကလည�� သဝဏ�လ�� �ပ�ပ���ခ��ပ�တယ�။ https://burmese.voanews.com/a/rcss-ssa-south-fighting-with-myanmar-government-/5308219.html

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အန�စ��အစ�ခ��ပ�လက�မ�တ�ထ���ထ��သည�� RCSS/SSA ��င�� �မန�မ�တပ�မ�တ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�

By နန���မနဒ� | 28 February 2020

အစ���ရန�� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ�ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ�ရပ�စ��ရ�သ�ဘ�တ� စ�ခ��ပ� (အန�စ��အ) ခ��ပ�ဆ�� ထ��တ�� ရ�မ���ပည�တပ�မ�တ�� �တ�င�ပ��င�� RCSS/SSA တပ�ဖ���ဝင��တ�န�� �မန�မ� တပ�မ�တ�� လက��အ�က�ခံတပ�ဖ����တ�အ�က�� ရ�မ���ပည��တ�င�ပ��င�� မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� ဟမ��ဟ��င���က��ရ��မ�� တ��က�ပ���တ� �ဖစ��နပ�တယ�။

RCSS/SSA တပ�ဖ���ဝင��တ�ဟ� လ� ��င�တ�မ���တ�င��ပ�မ�� အ��ခခ�လ�ပ�ရ���သ���လ��နစ�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၇ ရက� မနက� ၇ န�ရ� ၅၀ မ�နစ��လ�က�မ�� ဝင��ရ�က�ပစ�ခတ�ခ��တယ�လ��� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� ဒ�ဗ��လ�မ���က�� အ�မ��ခ�က ဒ�ဗ��ဘ�က�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 29 of 42

“က��န��တ��� တပ�ဖ���ဝင��တ�က အ�ဒ��တ�င�က�န��န��မ�� ဟ���အရင� အန�စ��အ လက�မ�တ� မထ���ခင�ကတည��က လ�ပ�ရ���သ���လ� အ��ခခ��နတ�ပ�။ မ�န�မနက�က�တ�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ�� ဘက�က မ��ပ�မဆ��န�� လ��ပ��ပစ�ခတ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ��တ�� ��စ�ဘက�အ�ပန�အလ�န�ပစ�ခတ�မ� ရ��တယ�။ မ�န�က တ�နက�န�၊ �လယ���ပ�ံ တစ��လည�� လ�ဝ�ပ�ံသ���တယ�။ ဒ�က�န� မနက�မ���တ�� တ��က�ပ�� ရ��တယ�လ��� အစ�ရင�ခံလ�တ� မရ���ပမယ�� တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က လ�အင�အ��ထပ��ဖည���ပ�� �တ�င�က�န�� တဝ��က�မ�� �နရ�လ�ယ�ထ���ကတယ�။ �မ��တ�န�� ပစ�လ�တယ�။ အခ��န�မ�ရ�� ပစ�ခတ�မ��ပန��ဖစ����င�တ��သ�ဘ�ရ��တယ�။ ”

လ��ရ�က�ပစ�ခတ�တ��ထ�မ�� ခမရ ၅၂၅၊ ၅၂၀၊ ၅၇၅၊ ၅၇၄ အစရ��တ�� တပ�ရင��လက��အ�က�ခံတပ�ဖ���ဝင��တ�ပ�ဝင��ပ�� အင�အ�� ၄၀၀ �က���က အလ�ည��အ��ပ�င��န�� တ��က��နတယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။ ပစ�ခတ�မ���က�င�� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ� ရ��မရ���တ�� မစ�စစ�ရ�သ�ဘ��လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ�က�စ�န��ပတ�သက��ပ�� ခ��လမ��မ ���မ��ရ��တ�� RCSS ဆက�ဆံ�ရ���ံ�က�တ�� အ�ရ��အလယ�ပ��င�� တ��င��စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�ဆ�အ��က�င���က��ထ��တယ�လ��� သ�ရပ�တယ�။

ဒ�ပစ�ခတ�မ�ဟ� ယ�ံ�ကည�မ�ပ�က��ပ���စ�ပ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�လ�ပ�ငန��စ��ပ� ထ�ခ��က����င�တ�� အတ�က� ��စ�ဦ���စ�ဘက� အ�မန�ဆ�ံ��တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������ သင��တယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ� ။

သ�တ���အ�နန�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�က�� လ��လ���ပ�� UPDJC �ပည��ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ�မ��မ� �ဆ�������ရ� ပ��တ���က��မတ� အစည��အ�ဝ�န�� JMC ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ�ရပ�စ��ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� ပ��တ�� �စ�င���ကည���ရ��က��မတ� အစည��အ�ဝ��တ� ဆက�သ���ဖ��� ဒ�လ ၂၄ ရက��န� ဗဟ�� �က��မတ�အစည��အ�ဝ�မ�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ထ���ပမယ��လည�� တပ�မ�တ��ကလ��ရ�က� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�စ� မ��ဖရ�င�����င�ရင��တ�� အဆ��ပ�ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က�က�� �ပန�သ�ံ�သပ�ရမယ�လ��� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� အ�မ��ခ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�ပည��ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ည�လ�ခံ ၂၁ ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံ စတ�ထ�အစည��အ�ဝ�က�� သတ�မ�တ�ထ��တ��အခ��န�က�လထ�မ�� က�င��ပ���င�ဖ���န�� ရ�မ��လ�မ����အလ��က� အမ����သ��အဆင�� ���င�ငံ�ရ��ဆ������ပ���တ� ဆက��ပ��က�င��ပဖ��� �က ���စ���န�ကခ��န�မ�� ခ�လ��ပစ�ခတ�မ��တ� �ပ��ပ�က� လ�တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

ရ�မ���ပည�တပ�မ�တ�� RCSS/SSA ဟ� အစ���ရန�� အန�စ��အ စ�ခ��ပ�လက�မ�တ�ထ���ထ��တ� ၄ ��စ��က���ခ���ပ� �ဖစ��ပမယ��လည�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�လ�ပ�ငန��စ���ဆ������ပ��မ�� တစ�ဆ���မ��တ�ရ���နဆ��ဖစ��ပ�� �အ�က���ခပ��င��မ��လည��ထ��တ�� ပစ�ခတ�မ��တ� ရ���နပ�တယ�။

ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ- TaiFreedomShan

http://burmese.dvb.no/archives/373988

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မ��င��က��င�တ�င� တပ�မ�တ����င�� RCSS တ���၏ တ��က�ပ��မ��� �ဖစ�ပ����န

By လ��လ�� | 28 February 2020

လ� ��င�တ��င��လ�� ဗဟ��ဌ�နခ��ပ�တ�င� က�င��ပသည�� ရ�မ���ပည� အမ����သ���န� စစ��ရ��ပ အခမ��အန�� / �က���ခ / ဧရ�ဝတ�

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ��တ�င�ပ��င�� မ��င��က��င��မ ���နယ� ဟမ��င��င���က��ရ��အ�ပ�စ�၊ လ�ယ�တ�မ��တ�င��ပ�တ�င� တပ�မ�တ����င�� ရ�မ���ပည� �ပန�လည� ထ��ထ�င��ရ� �က�င�စ� ရ�မ���ပည� တပ�မ�တ�� (RCSS/SSA) တ��� တ��က�ပ��မ���

Page 30 of 42

�ဖစ�ပ���လ�က�ရ����က�င�� သတင��ရရ��သည�။

ယခ�လဆန��ပ��င��က RCSS ဌ�နခ��ပ� လ�ယ�တ��င��လ��န��တ�င� က�င��ပသည�� ရ�မ���ပည�နယ��န� အခမ��အန��သ��� တပ�မ�တ��မ� ဒ�တ�ယ ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ��က�� �အ�ဝင�� ၊ �တ�ဂံတ��င�� စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ� ဒ�တ�ယ တ��င��မ�� ဗ��လ�မ��ခ��ပ� ထ�န���မတ��ရ�၊ အ�ရ��အလယ�ပ��င��တ��င�� စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ� ဒ�တ�ယ တ��င��မ�� ဗ��လ�မ��ခ��ပ� �ဇ��ဇ�����င�၊ ကက (�ကည��) ��ံ�မ� တပ�မ�တ��အရ�ရ���က��မ��� တက��ရ�က�ခ��ရ� တပ�မ�တ����င�� RCSS အ�က�� ဆက�ဆံ�ရ� �က�င��မ�န��န�ပ�ဆ��သည�� ��ပ�ဆ��မ�မ��� ထ�က��ပ��နခ��န� ယခ�က��သ��� တ��က�ပ��မ��� �ဖစ�ပ����ခင���ဖစ�သည�။

ယခ�တ��က�ပ��မ���သည� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၇ ရက� မနက�ပ��င��မ� စတင��ဖစ�ပ���ခ���ပ�� ယ�န�အခ��န�ထ� ပစ�ခတ�မ�မ��� ဆက�လက� ရ���န�သ���က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

RCSS/SSA မ� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င�� ရ��သ� ဒ�ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စ��င��အ�မ��ခ�က “တ��က�ပ��က�တ�� ဆက��ဖစ��နတ�ပ�။ အ�ပင��အထန��တ�� မဟ�တ�ဘ��။ ဘယ��လ�က� ဒဏ�ရ� ရတယ� မရဘ��က�တ�� �သခ�� မသ�ရ�သ�ဘ��။ တပ�မ�တ��က မဆ�တ�သ�ရ���တ�� စစ��ရ�က ဆက�တင��မ��နမ��ပ�” ဟ� ဧရ�ဝတ�သ��� ��ပ�သည�။

ယခ� တ��က�ပ�� �ဖစ�ပ���သည�� �နရ�သည� အ�ရ����မ�က�တ��င�� စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ���င�� အ�ရ��အလယ�ပ��င��တ��င�� စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ��က��တ�င� �ဖစ�ပ����ခင�� �ဖစ�သည��အတ�က� RCSS ဘက�မ� နယ���မ�က���လ�န�၍ �ဖစ���က�င��၊ NCA လက�မ�တ� �ရ�ထ����ပ���န�က� RCSS အ�� နယ���မ သတ�မ�တ��ပ�ထ���ပ�� �ဖစ���က�င�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���မ���င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ��မ� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� ဗ��လ� မ��ခ��ပ� �ဇ��မင��ထ�န��က ရ�င���ပသည�။

“တပ�ဘက�က စပစ�တယ�လ��� မဟ�တ�ဘ��။ ��စ�ဦ���စ�ဖက�လ�ံ� အတ�တ� ပစ��န�ကတ�ပ�။ အ�ဒ�မ�� သ�တ���က နယ���မ�က���လ�န� �ရ�က�ရ���နတ�ပ�။ အဓ�ကက�တ�� သတ�မ�တ�ထ��တ�� နယ���မအတ�င��မ�� ဆ��ရင��တ�� �ဖစ�စရ� အ��က�င�� မရ��ပ�ဘ��။ ဒ��ပ မယ�� �က ���က���က ���က���တ�� �ဖစ��နတ�န��ပ�” ဟ� ၎င��က ဆက���ပ�သည�။

ထ��သ��� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���မ���င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� RCSS က တ��က�ပ��မ��� ရပ�တန���ရ���င�� �န�က��န�င�တ�င� တ��က�ပ��မ��� မ�ဖစ�ပ����ရ� အတ�က� ��စ�ဦ���စ�ဖက� အ�မန�ဆ�ံ� �တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������ ည����င���ရ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�သ���ရန� လ��အပ���က�င�� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က� ၁ �စ�င� က�� ယ�န� �န�လယ�ပ��င��က ထ�တ��ပန�လ��က�သည�။

ယင��ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�တ�င� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��အတ�က� RCSS မ� ထ��က��သ��� နည��လမ���ပ�င��စ�ံ�ဖင�� အစ���ရ၊ တပ�မ�တ��၊ တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���မ��� (EAO) ��င�� လက�တ�� ပ���ပ�င�� �က ���ပမ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က��နသည�� အခ��က�အတန��၌ တပ� မ�တ��မ� �က ��တင� ည����င���ခင��မရ��ဘ� ခ��တက� တ��က�ခ��က��ခင��သည� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ����င��တက� ၈ �က�မ���မ�က� တ���င� ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ� တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��မ� ဆ��င�ရ� ည����င��အစည��အ�ဝ�(JICM) သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�မ�����င�� ပတ�သက�သည�� တပ�မ�တ��၏ ရပ�တည�ခ�က�မ��� အ�ပ� သံသယ ပ����စခ��သည�ဟ� ဆ��ထ�� သည�။

ယခ� �ဖစ�ပ���ခ��သည�� တ��က�ပ����က�င�� RCSS ၏၂၀ �က�မ���မ�က� ��စ�ပတ�လည� အစည��အ�ဝ� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�တ�င� ပ�ရ��သည�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �င�မ��ခ�မ��မ� �ဆ�������ရ� ပ��တ�� �က��မတ�(UPDJC) ��င�� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� ပ��တ���စ�င�� �ကည���ရ� �က��မတ�(JMC) အစည��အ�ဝ�ဆ��င�ရ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က�မ���အ�� �ပန�လည� သ�ံ�သပ�သ���မည� �ဖစ���က�င�� ထ�တ� �ပန���ကည�ခ��သည�။

အစ���ရ��င�� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ� သ�ဘ�တ� စ�ခ��ပ�( NCA) ခ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��သည�� RCSS အဖ���သည� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� ဦ��ဆ�င�အဖ��� (PPST)၏ ယ�ယ� အဖ����ခ�င���ဆ�င� �ဖစ��ပ�� တစ�ဆ����နသည�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ��� �ရ�� ဆက�သ������င��ရ� အတ�က� တစ��က�မတ�မတ� �က ���ပမ���ဆ�င�ရ�က��နသည�� အဖ���အစည�� �ဖစ�သည�။

ထ����ပင� ၈ �က�မ���မ�က� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ� တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ��မ� ဆ��င�ရ� ည����င�� အစည��အ�ဝ�(JICM) ၌ �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� ည�လ�ခံ-၂၁ ရ�စ� ပင�လ�ံ

Page 31 of 42

စတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ� က�င��ပ���င� �ရ�၊ �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� �ရ��ဆက����င��ရ���င�� ပတ�သက��သ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က� ၈ ခ�က� ရရ��ရန� ဦ��ဆ�င� �ဆ�� ���� ည����င���ပ�ခ��သည� ဟ� သ�ရသည�။

https://burma.irrawaddy.com/news/2020/02/28/216710.html

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မ�ဆယ��မ ���တ�င�လ�ပ�ရ����နသည�� �ပည�သ��စစ�မ��� မ�မ�ဌ��န�ပန�ရန� တပ�က အ��က�င���က��

By Nang Seng Nom - February 28, 2020

သ�မ���ပည� ��မ�က�ပ��င�� မ�ဆယ��မ ���နယ�အတ�င�� လ�ပ�ရ����နသည�� �ပည�သ��စစ�မ��� ဌ��န �ပန�ရန� တပ�မ�တ��က အ��က�င���က��ထ����က�င�� သတင��ရရ��သည�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၆ ရက� က အစ���ရ တပ�မ�တ�� မ� မ�ဆယ��မ ���နယ� အတ�င�� လ�ပ�ရ����နသည�� �ပည�သ��စစ�မ���က�� �ခ�ယ�က� အစည��အ�ဝ��ပ�လ�ပ�ခ��ရ� ��ပ�ဆ��ခ���ခင���ဖစ�သည� ဟ� သ�ရသည�။

အဆ��ပ� အစည��အ�ဝ� တ�င� �က�င��ခ���ပည�သ��စစ�၊ မ�ံ��ပ��ပည�သ��စစ���င�� �မ ���မ �ပည�သ��စစ�တပ�ဖ��� တ��� �ဖစ���က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

�ပည�သ��စစ�မ��� က�� တပ�မ�တ��မ� ခ�မ�တ�ထ��သည�� �နရ�သ��� �ပန�သ����ကရန� ��င�� �မ ��� မ�ပည�သ��စစ�မ� လ���ပ�� က�န��ပည�သ��စစ�မ��� တပ��ပင�ပ သ��� လက�နက� ခ�ယမ�� က��င��ဆ�င�သ���ခင��မ�ပ��ကရန� အဆ��ပ� အစည��အ�ဝ�တ�င� ��ပ��က��ခ����က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

ထ��က�စ���င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� မ�ဆယ��မ ���နယ� �ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� အမတ� (၁) စ��င���က���သ�န�� က “ �ပည�သ��စစ��တ� က�� မ�မ��နရပ�က�� �ပန� ဖ��� ဆ��တ��သတင���က���တ���က��ရတယ�။ က��န�� အတ�အက��တ�� မသ��သ�ဘ��။ အ���န�က လ�ပ�တ��အစည��အ�ဝ� က က��န��မတက�ရဘ��” ဟ� သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင�� သ��� ��ပ�သည�။

မ�ဆယ��မ ���နယ� အတ�င�� �ပည�သ��စစ� တပ�ဖ��� ၁၀ ဖ��� အထက�ရ����က�င��၊ မ����သ�အ���ဖင�� �ပည�သ��စစ�မ���သည� စ��ပ����ရ�လ�ပ�က��င��က��က�င�� စ��င���က���သ�န�� က ��ပ�သည�။

“ မ�ံ��ပ� �ပည�သ��စစ�က�တ�� ပန�ဆ��င��(�က�က�တ�) မ�ံ��ပ�ဘက�ကပ�။ �မ ���မ �ပည�သ��စစ�က�တ�� အရင�ကတည��က မ�ဆယ��မ ��� က တံတ���တ� လမ���တ��စ�င��တယ�။ က�န� �ပည�သ��စစ��တ�က စ��ပ����ရ� လ�လ�ပ��ကတယ�” ဟ� စ��င���က���သ�န�� က နယ���မ �ပည�သ��စစ��တ� အ��က�င�� ရ�င���ပသည�။

မ�ဆယ��မ ���သည� တ��တ�နယ�စပ� �မ ��� �ဖစ��ပ�� �ပည�သ��စစ�တပ�ဖ���မ��� လ�ပ�ရ���က� မ�ဆယ��မ ���အတ�င�� လက�နက�မ���က��င��ဆ�င�က� သ���လ�လ�ပ�ရ���သည�� �ကသည�။

ထ�����က�င�� �ပည�သ��စစ�မ��� �မ ���တ�င��သ��� စစ�ဝတ�စ�ံမ���၊ လက�နက�မ��� က��င��ဆ�င�က� သ���လ�သ�ဖင�� �ဒသခံမ��� ��က�က��ကသလ�� တခ���� �ပည�သ��စစ�မ���သည� �ပည�သ�မ���က�� ���က���က��ခင��၊ က��ယ�ထ�လက��ရ�က�က���လ�န��ခင��မ���လည�� �ပ�လ�ပ�ခ��သည�။

“ ဒ�ရက�ပ��င�� �ပည�သ��စစ��တ� ဝတ�စ�ံ�တ�၊ လက�နက��တ� �တ�� န���တ��မ�တ���တ��ဘ��။ ထ���တ�� ထ��တယ�” ဟ� မ�ဆယ��မ ��� �ဒသခံ စ��င���က��� က သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင�� သ�����ပ�သည�။

�ပည�သ��စစ�မ���က�� ယခ�က��သ��� မ�မ�ဌ��န �ပန�ခ��င���ခင��သည� �က�င��မ�န���က�င��၊ �ပည�သ��စစ�မ���စ�သည� လက�နက��ဖင�� �ဒသခံမ���က�� အ���င�က�င�� မ� ကင��သ������င�သည� ဟ� စ��င���က���က ��ပ�သည�။

Page 32 of 42

https://burmese.shannews.org/archives/15548

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မ�ဆယ��မ ��� �ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ����တ�ရ�� လ�ပ�ရ���မ�က�� တပ�မ�တ�� ကန��သတ�

2020-02-28

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၆ ရက��န�က မ�ဆယ��မ ��� �ရ�လ�ရတန�ခန��မမ�� အဖ����တ�က�� �ခ��ပ�� တပ�က ��န��က��လ��က�တ�လ��� အမည�မ�ဖ��လ��တ�� �ပည�သ��စစ� တစ�ဦ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

မ�ဆယ� ဌ��န�ပည�သ��စစ��တ�က�တ�� လက�နက�က��င��ဆ�င����င�တယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

မ�ဆယ�မ�� ��ံ�ဖ�င��ထ��တ�� �ဒသအတ�င�� အင�အ���က��အဖ���တစ�ခ��ဖစ�တ�� က�တ�ခ��င�အ��ခစ��က� �က�င��ခ�� �ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ��� အတ�င���ရ�မ�� ဗ��လ�မ�� �ဇ��လ�ံကလည�� တပ�က ဒ�လ�� ��န��က����က�င�� အတည��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

တပ�ဘက�က အခ�လ�� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�လ�တ�ဟ� နယ�စပ�မ�� �ပဿန��တ� �ပ��ပ�က�လ�မ��က�� စ���ရ�မ�တ���က�င�� �ဖစ����င���က�င�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ရ�မ����မ�က� ကခ�င�အထ���ဒသ (၅) KDA အသ�င���ပ�င�� �က�င��ခ���ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ��� ဟ� လ�����၊ သ�န�န�၊ က�မ�လ�ံ၊ မ�ဆယ�၊ က�တ�ခ��င� င���မ ���နယ�မ�� လ�ပ�ရ����ပ�� မ�ဆယ��မ ����ပ�မ�� ဆက�ဆံ�ရ���ံ� ရ��သလ�� စ��ပ����ရ�လည�� လ�ပ�က��င��နပ�တယ�။

မ�ဆယ�အစည���ဝ�မ�� ခလရ ၂၉၁ က တပ�ရင��မ��က ကက�က��က�န ��န��က��တယ�ဆ��တ�� စ�က��ဖတ��ပခ��တယ�လ��� အစည��အ�ဝ� တက��ရ�က�ခ��တ�� အမည�မ�ဖ��လ��တ�� �ပည�သ��စစ�တပ�ဖ���ဝင� တစ�ဦ�က RFA က�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

လက�နက�က��င��ဆ�င��ပ��သ���လ�တ� �ဒသခံ�တ�န�� �ပဿန��ဖစ�လ��� တ��င��က�� တ�မ����ဆ��ရင� ထ��ရ�က�တ�� အ�ရ�ယ�တ��တ� လ�ပ�မယ�လ���လည�� ��ပ�ဆ��သ���တယ�လ��� သ�ကဆက���ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ���တခ����ရ����ပ��က��ခ�က�အရ ဆ��ရင� တ��တ��မန�မ�နယ�စပ��မ ��� မ�ဆယ�မ�� လ�ပ�ရ����နတ�� အဖ����ပ�င�� ၁၇ ဖ��� ရ���နတ�ပ�။

�ပည�သ��စစ� စစ�အခ�င��ခ�င�� ပစ�ခတ�တ�၊ �လ�င��ကစ��ဝ��င���တ�မ�� ပစ�ခတ�မ��တ��ဖစ�တ�၊ �ဒသခံ�တ�န�� မ�က�ခဏ �ပဿန��တ��ဖစ��နပ�တယ�။

က��ယ�ထ�န��ခ��ပ�ရတ�� �ဒသမ��သ� နယ���မလ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�အတ�က� လက�နက�က��င��ဆ�င�ဖ��� ��န��က��ခ��တယ�လ��� အမည� မ�ဖ��လ��တ�� �ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ��� တ�ဝန�ခံ တစ�ဦ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ရ�မ��တ��င��ရင��သ��မ��� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အဖ���ခ��ပ�ရ�� မ�ဆယ� မ�ဆ��နယ� �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� စ��င��က���သ�န��က�တ�� ဒ�လ����န��က��မ�မ���� ရ��တယ�ဆ��ရင� �က ��ဆ��ရမယ�လ��� မ�တ�ခ�က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ တရ��ဥပ�ဒ စ���မ���မ�လည�� ပ��မ�� အ���က�င��လ����င�မယ�လ��� သ�က ယ�ဆပ�တယ�။

�မန�မ����င�ငံမ�� �ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ����ပ�င�� ��ခ�က��ထ�င��က���ရ��တယ�လ��� �လ�လ�သ��တ�က�� က���က���ပ�� �ပည�သ��လ�တ��တ�� အမတ�တစ�ဦ��ဖစ�တ�� မ�က�န�ခ�မ��က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဒ�အ��က�င�� �ပ��ခ��တ����စ� စက�တင�ဘ�လက �ပည�သ��လ�တ��တ��မ�� �ဆ������ခ���ပ�� က�က�ယ��ရ�ဒ�ဝန��က�� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ� �မင����ယ�က �ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ����တ�ဟ� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံအ��ခခံဥပ�ဒန�� ���င�ငံရ�� က�က�ယ��ရ� မ�ဝ�ဒအရ ဆက�ရ���နတယ�လ��� ��ပ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

Page 33 of 42

�ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ����တ�ဟ� လက�နက�ရ���ပမယ�� အရပ�သ���တ�ပ��ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� သ�တ��� အမ��ဖစ�လ�ရင� အရပ�ဘက�၊ နယ�ဘက� ဥပ�ဒအရသ� အ�ရ�ယ�တယ�၊ တ��င��စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ��တ�က နယ���မအလ��က�ထ��ရ��တ�� �ပည�သ��စစ�အဖ����တ�က�� �က���ကပ�တယ�၊ တစ����င�ငံလ�ံ� အတ��င��အတ�အ�နန�� �ပည�သ��စစ�န�� နယ��ခ��တပ�မ��� ��န��က���ရ�မ����ံ�က က�ပ�က�တယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

အ�င�မ��စ�� ဗ��လ�မ�� ဝင�����င��က���က �ဒသတ�င�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��ဆ�င�ရ�က�ရတ�� �ပည�သ��စစ��တ�က လ��အပ�ရင� တပ�မ�တ��က�� လမ���ပအ�ဖစ� အ�ထ�က�အက��ပ��နတယ�လ��� RFA က�� ��ပ�ခ��ဖ��ပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/army-limit-the-movement-muse-militia-02282020033910.html

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မင���ပ���မ ���တ�င�ပစ�ခတ�မ��ဖစ��ပ�� အမ����သမ��၁ ဦ��သ၊ က�လ�မ���အပ�အဝင� ၅ ဦ�ဒဏ�ရ�ရ

By ဝဏ�ခ����� | 28 February 2020

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� မင���ပ���မ ���မ�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� �အ�အတ���အ�က�� ပစ�ခတ�မ��ဖစ�လ��� အရပ�သ�� အမ����သမ�� ၁ ဦ��သဆ�ံ��ပ�� ၅ ဦ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ခ��တယ�လ��� မင���ပ���မ ���နယ� �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��တ�န�� �ဒသခံက�တ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက� မနက� ၂ န�ရ��လ�က�မ�� မင���ပ���မ ���န�� မန��မ�ဝ�မ��ရ���နတ�� �ကပ�စင�တံတ��က�န ပစ�ခတ�လ��က�တ��လက�နက��က��က�ည��တ���က�င�� မင���ပ���မ ���ထ�က အမ����သမ��တဦ��သဆ�ံ�ခ���ပ��၊ က�လ���စ�ဦ�ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��သ���တယ�လ��� မင���ပ���မ ���နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�လ�သ�န���အ�င�က ဒ�ဗ��ဘ�က����ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ဒ�က�န� မနက�ပ��င��လ�တ���ရတပ�သ�ဘ��က�� တဘက�က�န လ�မ��ပစ�တယ�။ အ��ဒ�မ��အ�ပန�အလ�န�ပစ�ခတ�မ��ဖစ��ကတယ�။ အ��ဒ�မ�� မင��ဘ��က��လမ�� ��မပ�ံ- မင���ပ��သ��� က��လမ��မ မင��ဘ��က��ရပ�က�က�က လက�နက�က��ပ���တ�� အမ����သမ��တဦ��သတယ�။ �ပ���တ�� ၅ �ယ�က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရတယ�။”

ဒ��အ�ပင� မင���ပ���မ ���နယ�၊ ကင��ဆ�ပ�အ�ပ�စ�၊ သ��ဌ�က�န�� �က��ရ��မ��လည�� လက�နက��က�� က��ရ�က��ပ�က�က��ခ��တ���က�င�� အသက� ၄၀ �က��� အမ����သ��တဦ� အ�ပင��အထန�ဒဏ�ရ�ရ�ပ�� မင���ပ���ဆ���ံမ�� အ�ရ��ပ�က�သ�နရတယ�လ��� �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�လ�သ�န���အ�င�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရက� ��င��တပ��တ���အ�အတ��� ပစ�ခတ�မ��ဖစ�ပ���တ���နရ�က မင���ပ���မ ���န�� အန��ဆ�ံ��နရ�တခ��ဖစ�တ�� �ကပ�စင�တံတ��အန��မ�� �ဖစ�ပ���ခ��တ��ဖစ��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ�� (�ရ) �ရယ��� တစ��လည��လက�နက��က��န�� ပစ�ခတ�ခံရလ��� မ���လ�င�က� ��စ�စ��ပ�က�စ���နတ� က���တ��ရတယ�လ��� �ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��တ�န�� မ�က��မင��ဒသခံ�တ�က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

မင���ပ���မ ���မ�� လ�စ�စစ�ပစ�ည���ရ�င��အဝယ�လ�ပ��နတ�� ဆ��င�ပ��င�ပ��င�ရ�င� က��မင��မ����ထ�န��က ”�လ��လ�ဆယ�မ���တ�� ��မပ�ံဘက�ကလ�တ�� ခရ��သည��တ�၊ �စ��ဝယ�လ�တ��သ��တ�က�တ�� မလ�ရ��တ��ဘ��။ က���တ�ကလည�� အ��ဒ�ဘက�က�� မသ���ရ��က�တ��ဘ��။ တပ�မ�တ��သ���တ�က အ�ဒ�တံတ��ဘက��နရ�အ��ံအ�ပ��မ�� �နရ�ယ�ထ��တ��တ��တယ�။ သ���ခ�င��လည��မ�ပ�ဘ��။ �ဒသခံ�တ�က အက�န�စ���ရ�မ��န�ကတယ�။ �မ ���ထ�မ��ပစ�သ���တ�က��”လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 34 of 42

ဒ�မနက� မင���ပ���မ ���က ပစ�ခတ�မ�န��ပတ�သက�လ��� အ�န�က�ပ��င��တ��င��စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ� တ��င��ဦ�စ�� ဗ��လ�မ���က��ဝင���ဇ��ဦ�က�� ဖ�န��ဆက�သ�ယ�ခ���ပမယ�� ဆက�သ�ယ�လ��� မရခ��သလ�� ရက� ��င��တပ��တ���အ�အဘက�က��လည�� ဆက�သ�ယ�လ��� မရခ��ပ�ဘ��။ http://burmese.dvb.no/archives/373957

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မင���ပ��ဘက� တ��က�ခ��က�မ� အရပ�သ�� �သဆ�ံ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ

28 �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�၊ 2020 | က�����င�က�န��အ�န�

ရခ��င�တ��က�ပ����က�င�� ထ�က���ပ�တ�မ���ရ��င��န�က�သ� ရခ��င�စစ���ပ�ဒ�က�သည�မ��� (သတင��ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ - ဇန�နဝ�ရ�၊ ၀၄၊ ၂၀၁၉)

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�၊ မင���ပ���မ ���နယ�တ�င��မ�� တပ�မ�တ�� �ရယ���က�� ရခ��င�လက�နက�က��င�အဖ��� AA က ဒ�က�န� မနက�ပ��င�� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�ခ��တယ�ဆ��တ� ��စ�ဘက�လ�ံ�က အတည��ပ� ��ပ�ဆ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�တ��က�ပ����က�င�� မင���ပ���မ ���ခံ အမ����သ��တဦ� �သဆ�ံ��ပ�� က�လ�ငယ� ��စ�ဦ�အပ�အဝင� �န�က�ထပ� အရပ�သ�� င��ဦ�လည�� ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ���ပ�တယ�။ ဘ��သ���တ�င�န�� �က��က��တ��ဘက�မ��လည�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�တ��တ� ရ��ခ���ပ�� �ဒသခံ�တ� တ�မ���ရ��င��နရသလ�� တပ�မ�တ��က ဖမ��ဆ��တ��တ� လည��ရ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�အ��က�င�� ဗ��အ���အသတင���ထ�က� ���င�က�န��အ�မ�က သတင���ပ�ပ���ထ��ပ�တယ�။

မင���ပ���မ ��� �ကပ�စင�တံတ��အန�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ��ရတပ�သ�ဘ��က�� ရခ��င�လက�နက�က��င� AA အဖ���က ဒ�က�န�မနက�ပ��င��မ�� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�ခ����က�င�� AA ��ပ�ခ�င��ရခ��င�သ�ခက ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ဒ��န� �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက��န� မနက� ၂ န�ရ��လ�က�မ�� စစ�သ���တ� လက�နက�ခ�ယမ���တ� အ�ပည��သယ��ဆ�င��ပ���တ�� စစ�က�လ�ပ���တ�� �မန�မ��ရတပ�ဇက�သ�ဘ�� ၃ စ��က�� မင���ပ���မ ���နယ� �ကပ�စင�တံတ��အန��မ�� က��န��တ��� ရခ��င� တပ��တ��ဘက�က�န ဟန��တ�� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�ခ��တ�ရ��တယ�။ အ�ဒ�အခ��န�တ�� တ��က�ခ��က�မ�အတ�င��မ�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�ဘက�က အထ�ခ��က�အက�ဆ�ံ��တ��တ�� မ���တယ�ဗ�။ ”

ဒ�လ��ပစ�ခတ�မ��ဖစ�စ��အတ�င�� မင���ပ���မ ��� အစ�န�ဘက�က မင��ဘ��က��ရပ�က�က�မ�� လက�နက�က��ရ�က�ခ��လ��� �မ ���ခံအမ����သမ�� တဦ� �သဆ�ံ��ပ�� ၅ ဦ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ� ရရ��သ���တယ�လ����မ ���ခံ က��စံ�ရ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ည��စ�န�ရ��က����က����လ�က� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ��တ�� အ�ဒ�က�န�ပ���တ�� ဆ�တ�လ�တ�� တပ�က�န�ပ���တ�� �မ ���ထ�မ�� အ�ဒ�မင��ဘ��က��ရပ�က�က�မ�� �န�ပ���တ�� ပစ�ခတ�မ��တ� �ဖစ�တယ�။ ပစ��တ�� အမ����သမ�� တ�ယ�က� �သသ���တယ�တယ�။ �န�က� လ� ၅ �ယ�က��လ�က� ဒဏ�ရ�ရတယ�လ��� ��ပ�တယ�။ �ဆ���ံမ��လ��� ��ပ�တယ�။ �မ ���သ�၊ �မ ���သ���တ�အ��ခအ�နက�တ�� အခ�အခ��န�က�တ�� �တ���တ���လ� ��က�က�လန���န�ကတယ��ပ��။ �ကပ�စင�တံတ��ပ��င�� ��မပ�ံဘက�ထ�က��ပ�က� �န�က��ပ�� �ပ�က��တ�ဘက� ထ�က��ပ�က��တ�မ��က�တ�� အခ�လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�ခ��ပ���တ�� တပ�က စစ��ဆ�မ��တ� လ�ပ��နတယ�။”

ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ� ၅ ဦ�ထ�မ�� ၁၁ ��စ�န�� ၁၄ ��စ�အရ�ယ� က�လ���စ�ဦ�ပ��ပ�� က��ယ�ဝန��ဆ�င�အမ����သမ�� တဦ�က�� စစ��တ��ဆ���ံက��ပ����ဆ�င�ရမယ�� အ��ခအ�နရ���နသလ�� က�န� ၄ ဦ�က�တ�� မင���ပ���ဆ���ံမ�� �ဆ�က�သ ခံယ��နရပ�တယ�။

မင���ပ���မ ���အတ�င�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���မ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� အ�န�က�ပ��င��တ��င��စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ� တပ�မ�တ����ပ�ခ�င��ရ ဗ��လ�မ���က�� ၀င���ဇ��ဦ�က အခ�လ����ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 35 of 42

“မင���ပ��မ�� ညတ�န��က ကမ��ထ���ယ���က��ပစ�တ� ဒ�ပ�ရ��တယ�။ က�န�တ��ဖစ�တ� ဘ�မ�မရ��ဘ��။ က��န��တ��� ညတ�န��က ကမ��ထ���ယ���န��အ�ပ�ခ��ပ�မ�က�စ�လ�ပ�တ��အခ��န� ဒ�က��အ�ဝ�က လ�မ��ပစ�တ� ဘ�မ�ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ� မရ��တ��အတ�က���က�င��မ��� ဘ�မ��တ�� �ပန�မပစ�ဘ��။ ဒ�အတ��င��ပ� �န�နတယ�။”

ပစ�ခတ�မ�အတ�င�� မင���ပ���မ ���ခံ�တ� �သဆ�ံ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ�� �ဖစ�စ��န�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� မသ�ရ����က�င�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�ပ��ခ��တ��ရက��တ�တ�န��ကလည�� မင���ပ���မ ��� ရ��မ�င�တံတ��အန��မ�� ��စ�ဘက�တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���ခ���ပ�� စစ��တ� ရန�က�န�က��လမ�� ပ�တ�ဆ���သ����ပ�� က��အသ���အလ� ယ�ယ�ရပ�ဆ��င��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ��န�မနက�မ��လည�� ဘ��သ���တ�င��မ ���နယ� �က��က�ရန��က��ရ��ဘက�မ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���ခ��လ���ရ��သ���တ�တ�မ���ရ��င�ထ�က� ��ပ��နရတယ�ဆ���ပ�� �က��က�ရန�ရ��သ�� တဦ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“�မယ��မစ�ရ�� အ�ရ��ဘက��ခမ��မ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�တယ�။ �ရစ����ခ��င��ဗ��ဟ�က�န �က��က�ရန�ဆ��တ�� ရ��က��ဆင��တ��အခ��န�မ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�တယ� မနက�က။ အ�ဒ�အန��မ���တ�� ထ��တ��တ��က�ပ�� တန�ရ�ခ���လ�က��က�တယ�။ တ��က�ပ���ပင���နတယ� ��ပ�ရမ���ပ��။ ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ����ပ�က�နတပ��တ�ကလည�� လက�နက��က���တ�န��ပစ�တ�။ ၁၁ န�ရ��လ�က�မ�ရပ�သ���တ�။ ရ��ကလ��တ�က�တ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ကတည��က ထ�က���ပ��ကတယ�။”

မ�န�ကလည�� �က��က��တ���မ ���နယ� တင��မရ��ဘက�မ�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�န�� ရခ��င�လက�နက�က��င� AA အဖ���တ��� တ��က�ပ���ပင��ထန��ဖစ�ပ���ခ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ�တ��က�ပ��အတ�င�� က�လ��တန��မစ��ပ� ��ပ�ဆ���နတ�� စက��လ� တစ�� လက�နက�က�ည�ထ�မ�န�ခ���ပ�� ခရ��သည� အမ����သ�� သ�ံ�ဦ�န��အမ���� သမ�� တဦ� အ�ပ�င��၄ ဦ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ သ�တ���က��လက�ရ��တ�င� �က��က��တ���ဆ���ံက�� ပ����ဆ�င�ထ��ရပ�တယ�။

ဒ��အ�ပင��က��က��တ�� ပလက�ဝ�ရ��က�င��သ��� စက��လ�၅ စ��က�� �က��က��တ���မ ���အန�� တပ�မ�တ��က တ��ဆ���ပ�� စစ��ဆ�ခ��ရ�မ�� ပလက�ဝ�မ ���နယ�က ရခ��င�လ�ငယ�ည�လ�ခံ AYCက��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� က���က���လ�န�� ဘ��သ���တ�င��မ ���နယ�က အမ����သ��တစ�ဦ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��က ဖမ��ဆ��သ���တယ�လ��� ရခ��င�လ�ငယ�ည�လ�ခံ AYC တ�ဝန�ရ��သ� တဦ��ဖစ�တ�� က��ဝင���ဇ��က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“မ�န�က က���က���လ�တ���က �က��က��တ��က�� သ�တ���သ���တယ��ပ���န��။ အ�ဒ�အခ��န�မ�� တင��မရ��ထ�မ�� ပစ�ခတ� မ��ဖစ��ပ���တ�� အ�ဒ�စက��လ�က�� ရပ�ခ��င��တယ�။ ရပ�ထ��င���ပ���တ��သ�တ���ဟ� တခ����အမ����သမ���တ�က� က�န�တ��ခရ��သည��တ�က� လ�တ�လ��က�တယ�။ က���က���လ�ရယ� �န�က� ဘ��သ���တ�င�က လ�ငယ� တ�ယ�က�က���တ�� ဖမ��ဆ��သ���တယ��ပ���န��။ သ�တ��� �က��က��တ��တပ�ဘက�က�� ဖမ��ဆ��သ���တယ�။ အ�ဒ�လ��သတင��ရတယ�ခင�ဗ�။”

�ပ��ခ��တ���ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ� ၂၆ ရက��န�ကလည�� �က��က��တ���မ ���နယ�၊ �ရ��ပည��က��ရ��က�န ခ�င���ပည�နယ�၊ ပလက�ဝ�မ ���နယ�က�� ��ပ�ဆ���နတ�� စက��လ� တစ��က�� တင��မ�က��ရ��အန�� စခန��ခ�ထ��တ�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က တ��ဆ���ပ�� စက��လ��ပ� ပ�လ�တ�� လ� ၆ ဦ�က�� ဖမ��ဆ��ထ���ပ�� ယ�န�တ��င�လ�တ���မ�က�တ� မရ���သ�ဘ��လ��� မ�သ��စ�ဝင�တဦ�က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�က��က��တ���မ ���နယ� တင��မ�က��ရ��မ�� ခရ��သည��တ�က�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က�န စစ��ဆ��ပ�� မသက��သ��တ�က��ဖမ��ဆ�� ထ�န��သ�မ��ထ��တ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� ၀င���ဇ��ဦ�က မသ�ရ���သ���က�င�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� ��မ�က�ပ��င���ဒသအတ�င�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�န�� ရခ��င�လက�နက�က��င� AA အဖ���တ��� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ����နတ� တ��စ� �က����က��မင��လ�သလ�� တ��က�ပ��ရ���န�က�ဆက�တ��အ�ဖစ�

Page 36 of 42

ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ�အရပ�သ�� ၂၃၀ �က��� �သဆ�ံ�သ�၁၂၀ �က���န�� သံသယန�� အဖမ��ဆ��ခံရသ� ၃၀၀ �က��� ရ��မယ�လ��� ရခ��င�အရပ�ဘက�အဖ���အစည���တ�က ဒ���စ�ဆန��မ�� စရင���က�က�ယ�ထ��ပ�တယ�။

https://burmese.voanews.com/a/rakhine-conflict/5308277.html

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Michelle Bachelet ရ�� �မန�မ����င�ငံန�� ပတ�သက�တ�� အစ�ရင�ခံစ�

2020-02-27

ဆ�စ�ဇ�လန����င�ငံ၊ ဂ��န�ဗ��မ ���မ��၂၀၂၀ �ပည����စ� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ ၂၄ ရက� မ� ၂၆ ရက�အထ� က�င��ပ�နတ�� (၄၃) �က�မ���မ�က� က�လသမဂ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ��က�င�စ� အစည��အ�ဝ�အ�ပ�� ဒ��န�မ�� က�လသမဂ�လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� အ�က��အက� မစ�ရ��လ� ဘ�ရ��လ (Michelle Bachelet) က �မန�မ����င�ငံန�� ပတ�သက�တ�� အစ�ရင�ခံစ�တ�စ�င� တင�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

အ�ဒ�အစ�ရင�ခံစ�ဟ� က�လသမဂ�လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ��က�င�စ�ရ�� �မတ��ရပ�ခံခ�က�အရ �မန�မ����င�ငံထ�က ���ဟင�ဂ�� မ�တ�စလင��တ�အပ�အဝင� တ�ခ���သ�တ��င��ရင��သ���တ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ�ဒဏ�ခံ�နရ�ခင��ရ�� မ�လအရင��အ�မစ��တ�က�� အစ�ရင�ခံထ��တ��ဖစ�တယ�လ��� မ�တ�ဆက�က�မ�� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

အပ��င�� ��စ�မ���တ�� �မန�မ����င�ငံထ�က တ��င��ရင��သ��န�� ဘ�သ��ခ��လ�နည��စ��တ�အ�ပ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� ခ�����ဖ�က�မ�၊ အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ��တ�ရ�� သမ��င��ဆ��င�ရ�န�� လတ�တ�လ�ပ�ံစံ�တ�က�� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�လ�� �ဖ���ပရ�မ�� သမ��င��အ�မ�အ��စ�ဆ��င�ရ� အခ�က�အလက��တ�၊ စစ�တပ�ရ��စည��မ����စည��ကမ��န�� ဗမ�လ�မ�����က��ဝ�ဒ �က��စ����ရ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ခ�က��တ�၊ လက�နက�က��င�ပဋ�ပက��တ�န�� �နရပ�စ�န��ခ��ထ�က���ပ�ရမ� ဆင��ရ�မ���တမ�အ��ခ အ�န�တ�၊ တ��င��ရင��သ��န�� ဘ�သ���ခ��လ�နည��စ��တ�အ�ပ� အဖ���အစည��ပ�ံစံသ�တ�သ�င��မ�န�� ခ���ခ��ဆက�ဆံမ��တ�၊ အမ�န���ပ�အ�ဏ��ပဝ�ဒ၊ �ပစ�ဒဏ�မ�ကင��လ�တ��စမ�၊ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�လ��အပ�ခ�က��တ�န�� က��� မ ခ���ခ�� ဆက�ဆံမ��တ�က�� က�ယ�က�ယ��ပန���ပန�� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

�မန�မ����င�ငံထ�က တ��င��ရင��သ��န�� ဘ�သ��ခ��လ�နည��စ��တ�အ�ပ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ�၊ အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ��တ�ရ�� အရင��အ�မစ�ဟ� ��ပ��ထ��သလ�� ပ�ံသ�န�အ���ဖင��လည��က���ပ��မ����ပ���ပ�� အခ��န�က�လရ�ည��က�လ��ပ�လ��� ဆ��ထ��ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ��တ�က�� ��ဖရ�င��ဖ���အတ�က� ���င�ငံ�ရ�၊ တရ��ဝင�မ�န�� စ��ပ����ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� နယ�စပ��ပဿန�သမ��င��က�� �ခ�ံင�ံသ�ံ�သပ�ဖ��� လ��တယ�လ��� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

တ��င��ရင��သ��န�� ဘ�သ��ခ��လ�နည��စ��တ�အ�ပ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ��တ�၊ ခ���ခ��ဆက�ဆံမ��တ�န�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� တ�ဝန�ခံမ�ရ��တ�ဟ� �မန�မ����င�ငံတ�င���င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ရရ��ဖ���၊ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အသ�င��က����ပ�င��မ� ခ��င�မ��စ ဖ���န�� ခ���ခ��ဆက�ဆံမ�မရဘ� တန��တ�ည�မ�တ��က�င��ဝတ��တ� ပ�ဝင�တ�� လ�မ�အ�ဆ�က�အအ�ံက�� �ပန�လည�တည��ဆ�က�ဖ���အတ�က� အ��ခခံအခ�က��ဖစ�တယ�လ���လည�� �ရ�သ��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

၁၉၆၂ ခ���စ�ထ�က စစ�တပ�က အ�ဏ�သ�မ��ခ���ပ���န�က�ပ��င�� ���င�ငံ�ရ�ရ�မ�ဝ�ဒအ�ဖစ� ဘယ�တ�န��ကမ� တရ��ဝင�မ��ကည�ခ���ပမယ�� ���င�ငံန�� လ�မ�အ�ဆ�က�အအ�ံအတ�င�� �မန�မ�လ�မ�����က��ဝ�ဒ�က��စ����ရ�က�� က�ယ�က�ယ��ပန���ပန�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ခ��တယ�လ��� �လ�လ�ရတယ�လ���လည�� အစ�ရင�ခံစ�က ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

စစ�အစ���ရအ�ပ�ခ��ပ�ခ��စ��အတ�င�� �ပည�သ�အ��လ�ံ�က�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အခ�င��အ�ရ�န�� လ�တ�လပ�မ�အတ�က� တင��တင���ကပ��ကပ� ထ�န��ခ��ပ�ထ��ခ��န�မ�� တ��င��ရင��သ��န�� ဘ�သ��ခ��လ�နည��စ��တ�ဟ�လည�� �သ�င��က�န��သ��ခ�မ�န���ရ�ဆ��တ�� �ခ�င��စ���အ�က�မ�� �ဖတ��လ��ဖတ�မ�ဝ�ဒန�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ��တ� ခ�����ဖ�က�ခံခ��ရတယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�အထ�မ�� အစ�လ��က�အ�ပ�ံလ��က� သတ��ဖတ�မ�၊ မတရ��ဖမ��ဆ���ခ��ဆ�င��ပ�� ထ�န��သ�မ��ထ��မ�၊ ည����ပန�� ���ပ�စက�မ�န�� အဓမ�ခ��င���စမ��တ�ပ�ဝင�ပ�တယ�။ လ�န�ခ��တ��ဆယ�စ���စ�မ���စ��ထ�က အမ����သမ��အဖ���အစည���တ�န�� လတ�တ�လ�အခ�က�အလက�ရ���ဖ��ရ� မစ�ရ�င�က စ��ဆ�င��ထ��တ��အခ�က�အလက��တ�အရ လ�င�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ�အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ�န�� က���မက���ပ��မ�အ�ပ�

Page 37 of 42

အ�မတ�ထ�တ�အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ��တ�က�� �သ�င��က�န��သ� �ခ�မ�န���ရ�ခ�င��စ�� �အ�က�က ���မ�နင��မ��တ�အတ�င�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က က���လ�န�ခ��တယ�လ���လည��း �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

အ�ဒ�လ�� တ��င��ရင��သ��န�� ဘ�သ��ခ��လ�နည��စ��တ�အ�ပ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� ခ�����ဖ�က�မ�၊ အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ��တ�ရ�� အရင��အ�မစ��တ�ထ�မ�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ��ရ�ရ�လ��အပ�ခ�က��တ�၊ ဆယ�စ���စ�မ���စ�� အမ�န���ပ� အ�ဏ��ပဝ�ဒ က�င��သ�ံ�ခ���ပ�� တရ��စ�ရင��ရ�အပ�အဝင� တ�ခ��အဖ���အစည���တ�ရ�� တရ��ဥပ�ဒစ���မ���မ�ဆ��င�ရ� အ��နည��ခ�က��တ�လည�� ပ�ဝင�တယ�လ���ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

အ��စ�ခ��ပ�အ�ဖစ� �မန�မ�အစ���ရအ�နန�� ဒ�က�စ��တ�က�� အ�ရ�ယ�က��င�တ�ယ��ဆ�င�ရ�က��ပ�ဖ���အ�ပင� ���င�ငံတက�အသ��င��အဝ��င��န�� အက����တ� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က��နတ�� တ�ခ��အဖ���အစည���တ�အ�နန��လည�� အ��ခအ�န�တ� တ���တက�လ��စ�ရ� ဝ��င��ဝန��က�ည��ကဖ��� တ��က�တ�န��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/michelle-bachelet-report-AI-02272020171219.html

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လ�တ��တ��မ�� အ�ပ�အယ�မတည���သ�တ�� ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁

2020-02-28

ဝန��က��ခ��ပ��တ�က�� သက�ဆ��င�ရ� တ��င��န���ပည�နယ�က �ရ��ခ�ယ����င��ရ�အတ�က� ပ�ဒ�မ�တ�က�� �ပင�ဆင�ဖ��� �ကံ�ခ��င��ရ�အမတ��တ� တ��က�တ�န��တ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��သ���တ�လည�� �ထ�က�ခံ�နပ�တယ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� အင�အ���က��ပ�တ� NLD က�တ�� ဒ�က���ထ�င��ခ��က�လ��� �မင�ပ�တယ�။ �ရ���က�က�ပ��မ�� မ��တ�က��သ���ရင� ဝန��က��ခ��ပ��နရ��တ�က�� တ��င��ရင��သ���တ�မရဘ� တပ�န���ကံ�ခ��င��ရ�က ရသ���မယ�လ��� တ�က�ထ��လ���ပ�။

ဝန��က��ခ��ပ�က�� တ��င��န���ပည�နယ�မ�� အ���င�ရတ��ပ�တ�က ခန��အပ��ရ�အတ�က� ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁ က�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ��မ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��ကံ�ခ��င��ရ���င�� ဖ�ံ��ဖ ����ရ�ပ�တ�က မ��ကမ�� တင�သ�င��ထ��တ�က�� �လ�ရက���မ�က��န� ဒ��န� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက��န�မ�� အ�က�တ�အနယ� �ဆ������ခ���ကပ�တယ�။

�ကံ�ခ��င�ဖ�ံ��ဖ ����ရ�ပ�တ�က �က��င��က�န���မ ���နယ� �ပည�သ��လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�သ�န��ထ�န��က ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁ �ပင�ဆင��ရ�အ�ပ� သ�ဘ�ထ��က�� ရ�င���ပပ�တယ�။

"အ�ဒ�လ��ဆ�� ရခ��င�အ��က�င��ဘ�လ��� မ�ဆ������လ�။ ရခ��င�က��ဘ�လ��� မ�ဆ������လ�။ ရခ��င�မ��က ၄၀ �က���ရသ���ပ��လ။ ၂၂ �ယ�က����င�သ���ပ��လ။ အ�ဒ�လ��ဆ�� ရခ��င�အ��က�င��ဘ�လ��� မ�ဆ������လ�။ ထည���ဆ������ရမယ�အက�န�လ�ံ�။ တအ��စ���ရ�မ��နတယ�။ ဒ��လ�က�မစ���ရ�မ�န���န��၊ သ��ဟ�သ� တပ�မ�တ�� ပ��ခင�� မပ��ခင��က တစ�ပ��င��ပ�။ က��ယ��ဘက�က ပ�တ��တ� ���င�ထ��ဖ���လ��တယ�။ အ��တ�� ဒ�ဘက�မ�� ရခ��င�ပ�တ� အမ���ဆ�ံ����င�ရင� ရခ��င��ဖစ�မ��ပ��လ။ ပ�င��ပ�င��လင��လင����ပ�ရရင� ဘယ�လ��လ�ပ� က��န��တ��� �ပည�ခ��င��ဖ ����ဖစ�မ��လ�။ NLD �ဖစ�မ��လ�။ ရခ��င�မ���ရင� ရခ��င����င�မ���ပ��။ မ�န�မ���ရင� မ�န����င�မ���ပ��။ ဒ�ပ��လ ရ�မ��မ���ရင� ရ�မ�����င�မ��ပ��လ။ အ�ဒ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��က��သ���ပ�� ဆ��မထည��န���လ။ တ��င��ရင��သ��ပ�တ��တ�က တစ�ခ��န�မ��တက�လ�မ��ပ� ။ တ��င��ရင��သ���တ� လက�ခံလ�မ��ပ� ။ နဂ��လ�� မဟ�တ��တ��ဘ��။ အ�ဒ�ဆ�� ဖက�ဒရယ�မ�န�သ���လ�မ��မယ�။ "

ဒ�ပ�ဒ�မ�ပင��ရ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��တ�က �ထ�က�ခံခ���ကပ�တယ�။ အ�ဏ�ရပ�တ� NLD က�တ�� တ��င��န���ပည�နယ�န�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ���တ�မ�� �ရ���က�က�မခံဘ� ၂၅ ရ�ခ��င���န�� ရယ�ထ��တ�� တပ�မ�တ�� သ���တ� ရ���နသ�ရ�� ၂၆၁ က�� မ�ပင�သင��ဘ��၊ ဆက�ထ��သင��တယ�လ��� NLD ပ�တ�က အမ����သ��လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�ဝင���အ�င�က ကန��က�က�ပ�တယ�။

"ဗဟ��ခ��ပ�က��င�မ� �လ���ခ� သ�ယ�င��ယ�င�ပ�ပ�။ သ����သ��လည�� �ရ���က�က�ခံမဟ�တ�တ�� ၂၅% �သ� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��တ�၊ အမ�ခံ အခ��င�အမ�တည�ရ���နတ�� သက�ဆ��င�ရ�လ�တ��တ��မ�� ပ�တ�အသ��သ��က �ပန�������ရ�က�ရ��လ�မယ�� �ရ���က�က�ခံ က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�မ���ရ�� ပ�ဝင�မ�က�� ခ��န�ဆတ�က�ခ�က�ရမ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 38 of 42

လက�ရ�� အ��ခအ�နအတ��င��ဆ��ရင� စ�မံစ���မ������င�မယ�� အခ�င��အ�ဏ�ဟ� တကယ�ပ� တ��င��ရင���တ�ထံ �ရ�က�မ�ရ�က�ဆ��တ� အ�လ�ထ��စ���စ���ကည��ရင� အ��ဖထ�က�လ�မ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ ဒ���က�င�� က��န���အ�နန�� ဦ�သ�န��ထ�န�� ဦ��ဆ�င�တင�သ�င��တ�� ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁ ခ န�� ဆက�လ����တ�� �ပင�ဆင�ခ�က��တ�က�� �လ��လ�နက�နက� ကန��က�က���က�င�� တင��ပရင� န�ဂ�ံ�ခ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ "

တပ�က ၂၅ ရ�ခ��င���န�� ယ�ထ��တ���က�င��၊ �ရ���က�က�ပ���တ� ဝင��ပ ��င�တ��အခ�မ�� တ��င��ရင��သ��ပ�တ��တ�န�� NLD ပ�တ�တ���ဟ� လ�တ��တ��ရ�� ၇၅ ရ�ခ��င���န��က�� �ပ ��င��ကရတ�ပ�။ ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁ က�� �ပင��ခင��အ���ဖင�� NLD ရ�� အ���က�င��မ�က�� အ��က�ထ��စ���င�တယ�လ��� NLD ဘက�က တ�က�ခ�က�ထ��တ�ပ�။

�ကံ�ခ��င��ရ�အမတ� ဦ�သ�န��ထ�န��က�တ�� NLD ရ��အ��က�င���ပခ�က�က�� လက�မခံဘ��လ���ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

တ��င��ရင��သ���တ�ထ�မ�� �ပည�မ ���င�ငံ�ရ�ပ�တ��က���တ��ဖစ�တ�� �ကံ�ခ��င��ရ�န�� NLD ပ�တ�က�� ရင�ဆ��င��ပ ��င�ဆ��င����င�တ�က ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ� (ANP) န�� ရ�မ��အမ����သ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အဖ���ခ��ပ� (SNLD) တ��� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

ဒ��ပမ�� ၂၆၁ အရ မ�အမ���ဆ�ံ� အ���င�ရတ�� ပ�တ��က��ကပ� ဝန��က��ခ��ပ�က�� ခန��အပ�တ���က�င�� တ��င��ရင��သ��ပ�တ��တ�ကပ� �ပင�ခ�င��ကတ�လ��� ANP ပ�တ� က �ပ�က��တ��မ ���နယ� �ပည�သ��လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ��အ�င��က���ဇံက ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"အ�ပ�က�န ဆင��လ��ပ���တ�� အ�က���က�� ဒ��အ�က���ခက��လ��ပ��တ�� က��ယ��ဟ�န��က��၊ က��ယ��အလ�ပ�က�� လ�ပ�လ��� မရဘ���ဖစ��နတယ�။ က��န��တ���မ��လည�� သတ�မ�တ�ထ��တ�� အရည�အခ�င��န���ပည��စ�ံတ�� ပ�ဂ� ��လ��တ�ရ��တ�ပ�။ က��ယ��ဟ�က��ယ� �ရ���ကမ���ပ��။ အ�လ�� က��ယ��ဟ�က��ယ� မ�ရ��ဘ�န�� အ�ပ�က ဆင��လ� �ရ���ပ�တ��ဟ�က�� လက�ခံရရင� က��န��တ��� အသ�ံ�မက�သလ���ဖစ�တ��ပ��။ ခပ����င�����င����ပ�ရရင�။ အမ�န�က�တ�� က��န��တ��� က��ယ��ဟ�က�� �ရ��ခ�င�တယ�။ �ရ�����င��အ�င� လ�ပ�တတ�က��င�တတ�ရ���အ�င�၊ အရည�အခ�င��ရ��တ�� ပ�ဂ� ��လ��တ� ရ��ထ��ရမ���ပ��။"

၂၀၁၅-�ရ���က�က�ပ��တ�န��က ရခ��င�အမ����သ��ပ�တ�ANP ဟ� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�မ�� လ�တ��တ��အမတ� ၂၂ ဦ� အထ� အမ���ဆ�ံ� အ���င�ရခ��တ�� ပ�တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� NLD က ဒ�အခ�က�က��လ�စ�လ�����ပ�� သ��ပ�တ�ထ�က လ�က�� ဝန��က��ခ��ပ� ခန��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ�မ�� ၂၀၁၅ �ရ���က�က�ပ��တ�န��က �ကံ�ခ��င��ရ�ပ�တ�က မ�အမ���ဆ�ံ�ရ�ပ�� SNLD က ဒ�တ�ယမ�အမ���ဆ�ံ�ရပ�တယ�။ NLD က လ�တ��တ��မ���ဆ������တ��အခ� ဒ�အခ�က�က���ထ�က��ပ�ပ�� တပ�န���ကံ�ခ��င��ရ�တ���ရ�� ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁ �ပင�ဆင��ရ�ဟ� တ��င��ရင��သ���တ�အတ�က� မဟ�တ�ဘ��လ��� �ထ�က��ပတ�လည��ရ��ပ�တယ�။

အင�အ���က�� အ�ပ�စ���စ�ခ��ဖစ�တ�� တပ�န���ကံ�ခ��င��ရ�၊ NLD ပ�တ�တ���ရ�� �ဆ������ခ�က��တ�က တ��င��ရင��သ��အ�ရ�က�� ဦ�စ��မ�ပ�ဘ�၊ မ�မ�တ���အ�ပ�စ� အပ��င�ရရ���ရ�ဦ�စ���ပ��နတ�က စ�တ�မ�က�င��စရ�လ��� လ�တ��တ���တ�က�� �စ�င���ကည���လ�လ��ပ�� သ��တသန�ပ��နတ�� ပ�င��လင���မန�မ��ရ���ဆ�င�အဖ��� ( OMI) ရ�� အမ��ဆ�င�ဒ����က�တ� ဦ��အ��က���က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

သ��တစ�ဦ�တည��အ�နန�� ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁ �ပင��ရ�က�� သ�ဘ�က�တယ�လ��� ဦ��အ��က���က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ အနည��ဆ�ံ� တ��င��ရင��သ���တ� �က ���စ��ခ�င��ရ���င�တ���က�င��လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�ပည�နယ�လ�တ��တ��မ�� တပ�ရ�� ၂၅ ရ�ခ��င���န�� က���လ���ခ��ပ��၊ NLD ကလည�� ၂၆၁ က�� �ပင�မယ�ဆ��တ�� အ�ပ�အယ�ကလည�� �ဖစ����င�စရ�မ�တ��ဘ��လ��� ဦ��အ��က���က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

လ�တ��တ��ထ�မ�� ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၆၁ အ�ပ�အယ�လ�ပ�မယ��က�စ�န�� တ�ခ��အ�ရ��က��ပ�ဒ�မ�တ�က��ပ� �ပင�ဆင����င��ရ�က အလ�မ���ဝ� တ��အ�နအထ���ဖစ�လ���၊ ဒ�အတ��င��ပ� ဆက�ရ���နမယ�လ���လည�� သ�ံ�သပ��န�ကပ�တယ�။

Page 39 of 42

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/constitution-reform-02282020075251.html

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လ�တ��င�မ��သက�သ�ခ�င��တ�င� ပ�ဝင�ခ��သ�တခ������င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ��သ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� �ဝဖန�

စ��င��ဝဏ� 28 Feb 2020 | �မန�မ�တ��င��မ��န�စ��

ဒ�တ�ယအ�က�မ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ�� (၁၅)�က�မ���မ�က� ပ�ံမ�န�အစည��အ�ဝ� (၁၄)ရက���မ�က��န� က�င��ပစ��။ ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ- �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ��

၂၀၁၈ ��င�� ၂၀၁၉ ခ���စ�အတ�င�� ���င�ငံ�တ��သမ�တ ဦ�ဝင���မင��၏ လ�တ� �င�မ��သက�သ�ခ�င��တ�င�ပ�ဝင�ခ��သ� တခ������င��ပတ�သက��ပ�� တပ�မ�တ��သ��လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ�� လ�ယ� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� �က����က���မင��က �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၇ ရက�တ�င� �ပ�လ�ပ�သည�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� လ�တ��တ��အစည��အ�ဝ�၌ �ဝဖန�ခ��သည�။

ဖ���စည��ပ�ံအ��ခခံဥပ�ဒက�� ဒ�တ�ယ အ�က�မ��ပင�ဆင�သည�� ဥပ�ဒ�ကမ�� မ���အ�ပ� �ဆ������ရ�တ�င� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ အ��ခခံဥပ�ဒ အခန�� (၅) ပ�ဒ�မ၂၀၄ပ� �ပ��န��ခ�က�မ�����င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� ယင��သ����ဝဖန�ခ���ခင���ဖစ�သည�။

"ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� အင��ဒင�က�စ�မ�� ဥပ�ဒအရ �ထ�င�တ�င��အက����ခ�ခံ�န ရတ�� သတင���ထ�က���စ�ဦ� ထ�က�လ�မ��က�� က�ယကံရ�င� မ�သ��စ�က�တ�င� မသ�လ��က�ရဘ� �ထ�င�ဝမ�� �ပည�ပက��ယ� စ��လ�ယ�တစ�ဦ�က လ��က ���ပ�� တ��င���ပည�က�န အခ��န�က��က� အ�မရ�ကန����င�ငံက�� ထ�က�ခ��သ���ခ�����င�တ�က�� တစ�ကမ ��လ�ံ�က �မင��တ���ကရပ�တယ�။ �က ��တင�အက�က�ခ� စ�မံထ��မ��တ� မ���လ��ဆ��တ�က�� စ���စ�����င�ပ�တယ�"ဟ� ���က�တ�သတင���ထ�က���စ�ဦ� လ�တ���မ�က�မ���င�� ပတ�သက��ပ�� ၎င��က �ဝဖန�ခ��သည�။

အင��ဒင�လ�သတ�မ��ဖစ�စ��က�� �ဖ�� ထ�တ�ခ���သ� ���က�တ�သတင���ထ�က� ��စ�ဦ�သည� ���င�ငံ�တ�� လ���ဝ�က�ခ�က� အက�ဥပ�ဒ�ဖင�� �ထ�င�ဒဏ�ခ�နစ���စ� က�ခံရ�မ� ၂၀၁၉ ခ���စ� �မ ၇ ရက�တ�င� ���င�ငံ�တ��သမ�တ၏ လ�တ��င�မ��သက� သ�ခ�င���ဖင�� အင��စ�န��ထ�င�မ� �ပန�လည� လ�တ���မ�က�ခ��သည�။

"အ�ရ�အခင�� က�လအတ�င��က �တ�ခ��သ���ခ���ပ�� ���င�ငံရ����မ�က�ပ��င��မ�� ဇ�တ�တ�သ��ခ�င�� ရက�ရက�စက� စက�သတ��ဖတ�မ�မ�����င�� တ��င���ပည� အတ�င�� ဆ�ပ��သ�င��က�န��မ�မ���က�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ခ��သ� တစ�ဦ�ဆ��ရင�လည�� ဥပ�ဒအရ �ထ�င�သ�င��အက����ခ�ထ��ရ�မ� �ပန�လည��စလ�တ�ခ��ရ� ၎င��သတ��ဖတ�ခံရ�သ� လ�အမ�����င�� မ�သ��စ� ဝင�မ����နရ�မ� ခံစ���ကည���က�စလ��ပ�တယ�" ဟ� ပ��ဂ��င��ဖစ�စ����င�� ဆက�စပ�သ�တစ�ဦ� လ�တ���မ�က�ခ��မ�အ�ပ� တ�င�လည�� တပ�မ�တ��သ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�က �ဝဖန�ခ��သည�။

��မ�က�ပ��င���က��င��သ��မ���က�� သတ��ဖတ�ခ��သည��အမ�တ�င� ပ�ဝင�ပတ�သက�ခ���သ� ရ�မ���ပည��ပန�လည�ထ��ထ�င��ရ��က�င�စ�မ� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� သံ�ခ��င��မ�� ၂၀၁၈ ခ���စ� ဧ�ပ�လ အတ�င��က သမ�တ၏ လ�တ��င�မ��သက�သ�ခ�င���ဖင�� လ�တ���မ�က�ခ��သ�မ���တ�င� ပ�ဝင�ခ��သည�။ ၎င��သည� ပ��ဂ��င� �က��င��သ��မ��� သတ��ဖတ�မ�က�လတ�င� ABSDF၏ စစ��ရ�တ�ဝန�ခံ တစ�ဦ��ဖစ�ခ��သည�။

သ����သ��လည�� ပ��ဂ��င�လ�သတ� မ��ဖင�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရ�ခင��မ����မဟ�တ�ဘ� ဗ��လ�မ��စပ�ခ�န��က���ဘဝ�ဖင�� SSA (ရ�မ��လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���) တ�င� တ�ဝန� ထမ���ဆ�င�စ��က ကခ�င��ပည�နယ� မ���ည�င��ဘက�တ�င� စစ���က�င���ဖင�� သ����နစ�� တပ�မ�တ��အစ���ရက�� �တ��လ�န�ပ�န�ကန�မ��ဖင�� �ထ�င�ဒဏ� တစ�သက�က�ခံခ��ရ�ခင���ဖစ�သည�။

"၎င��တ���က�� လ�တ��ပ�ခ���ခင��မ���မ�� မည�သည�� ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ�တ�န�� �ဆ�င� ရ�က�ခ��တယ�ဆ��တ�က��လည�� �မ�စရ� အ��က�င���ဖစ�လ�သလ�� သ�တ����တ�ဟ� လက�ရ��ဘယ��နရ�မ�� ဘ��တ�လ�ပ��န�ကပ�သလ�။ တ��င��က�����ပည��ပ��တ� လ�ပ��န�ကပ��ပ�လ��၊ လ�တ��ပ�လ��က�တ�� ရည�ရ�ယ�ခ�က��တ��ရ� �အ�င��မင�ပ� သလ��၊

Page 40 of 42

ဒ�အက����ဆက��တ�က�� �ပန� �ကည��မယ�ဆ��ရင� တ��င���ပည�အတ�က� ရင��လ�စရ� က�စ�ရပ��တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�"ဟ� ၎င��က��ပ�သည�။

ဗ��လ�မ���က�� �က����က���မင��က ဖ���စည��ပ�ံအ��ခခံဥပ�ဒပ� အခန�� (၅)ပ�ဒ�မ၂၀၄ က�� မ�လ�ပ��န��ခ�က�အတ��င��သ� ထ��ရ��ရန� �ဆ������ခ��သည�။ ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၀၄ မ�လ�ပ��န��ခ�က�မ�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� သမ�တသည� (က) �ပစ�ဒဏ�လ�တ��င�မ��ခ�င���ပ�ပ��င�ခ�င��ရ��သည� (ခ) အမ����သ�� က�က�ယ��ရ���င�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��က�င�စ�၏ �ထ�က�ခံခ�က���င��အည� လ�တ��င�မ��သက�သ�ခ�င�� �ပ�ပ��င�ခ�င��ရ��သည�ဟ� �ဖ���ပထ��သည�။

ယင��က�� အမ����သ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အဖ���ခ��ပ�ပ�တ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�မ���က အမ����သ��က�က�ယ��ရ���င�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��က�င�စ�၏ �ထ�က�ခံခ�က���င��အည�ဆ��သည�� စ�သ��အ�� ဥပ�ဒ�ကမ��၌ ပယ�ဖ�က�ထ��သည�။

https://myanmar.mmtimes.com/news/135957.html

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ရခ��င�အ�ရ� မည�သည�����င�ငံတက�တရ���ရ�အဖ���၏ �က ���ပမ��မ�က��မ� �မန�မ�လက�မခံ

By DVB | 28 February 2020

ရခ��င�အ�ရ�န��ပတ�သက��ပ�� �မန�မ��ပည�တ�င��မ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က����င�တ�� နည��လမ���တ� ရ���န�သ�လ��� ဘယ����င�ငံတက�တရ���ရ� (သ���မဟ�တ�) ဥပ�ဒအဖ���ရ�� �က ���ပမ��မ�က�� မဆ�� လက�မခံ��က�င�� �မန�မ�အ�မ�တမ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ��က���မ���ထ�န��က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဆ�စ�ဇ�လန����င�ငံ၊ ဂ��န�ဗ��မ ���မ�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၇ ရက�က က�င��ပတ�� (၄၃) �က�မ���မ�က� က�လသမဂ�လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ��က�င�စ� အစည��အ�ဝ�မ�� “က�လသမဂ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� မဟ�မင���က��၏ �မန�မ����င�ငံရ�� ���ဟင�ဂ����င�� အ�ခ��လ�နည��စ�တ�����င�� စပ�လ����သည�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� အစ�ရင�ခံစ� ” အ�ပ� အ�ပန�အလ�န��ဆ������ပ��မ�� �မန�မ�ဘက�က တ�ံ��ပန���ပ��က��ခ��တ�ပ�။

�မန�မ�အ�မ�တမ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ��က���မ���ထ�န��က “က�လသမဂ�ရ�� မ���စ���သ� ယ� �ရ���တ�န�� အထ��စစ��ဆ�မ��အ�က�မ�� မ�တမ�မရ�� ပစ�မ�တ�ထ��တ�ဟ� ဒ�မ��ကရက�တစ�ဖက�ဒရယ��ပည��ထ�င�စ�တည��ဆ�က��ရ� �မန�မ�အစ���ရရ�� �က ���ပမ��မ��တ�အ�ပ� အ�ပ�သ�ဘ� အ�ထ�က�အက�မ�ဖစ�ဘ��” လ��� ထ�တ��ဖ����ပ�ဆ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

ရခ��င�အ�ရ�က�စ� တ�ဝန�ခံမ�၊ တ�ဝန�ယ�မ�န��ပတ�သက�လ���လည�� �မန�မ����င�ငံဟ� က��င�တ�ယ���ဖရ�င��ဖ��� ဆ��ရ��သက��သ��� က��င�တ�ယ���ဖရ�င�����င�စ�မ��လည��ရ����က�င��၊ လ�တ�လပ��သ�စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ��ရ��က��မရ�င� (ICOE)ရ�� အခ�က�အလက� စ��ဆ�င���ရ���င�� စ�စစ��ရ�အဖ��� (ECVT) ရ�� ရ���ဖ��တ��ရ��ခ�က�အရ လ�မ����တ�န��သတ��ဖတ�မ� ရည�ရ�ယ�ခ�က�န�� က���လ�န�ခ��တ�� အရ�ပ�လက�ဏ�မရ����က�င��လည�� �မန�မ�က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

လ�မ����တ�န��သတ��ဖတ�မ�ဆ��င�ရ� ���င�ငံတက� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�က�� �ဖ�က�ဖ�က�မ�န�� ဂမ�ဘ�ယ����င�ငံက �မန�မ����င�ငံက�� အ�ပည��ပည�ဆ��င�ရ�တရ����ံ� (အ��င�စ��ဂ�)မ�� တရ��စ��ထ��တ��အမ�မ�� �က���ဖတ�ပ�ဝင�တရ��စ��မယ�လ��� �မ��လဒ��က����င�ငံက လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� �က�င�စ�အစည��အ�ဝ�မ�� ��ကည�ထ��တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�မန�မ�အ�မ�တမ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�က�တ�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�ပဋ�ပက� �ပဿန�ရ�� အရင��အ�မစ�က�� ဓမ�ဓ�ဌ�န�က�က� အလ�ံ�စ�ံ�ခ�ံင�ံ�ကည����ဖ��� အသ��က�အဝန��မ���အ�က�� သမ��င����က�င��အရ တင��မ�မ�၊ မယ�ံ�ကည�မ���င�� ��က�က�ရ�ံ�မ�တ�����က�င�� �ဖစ��ပ�လ�တ�� လ�သ��တ���၏ စ�တ�ခံစ��ခ�က�မ���က��လည�� မ�က�က�ယ�မ�ပ�ဘ�

Page 41 of 42

က��လ��န��ခတ�ကတည��က နယ�စပ��ဖတ��က��� �ရ����ပ�င��သ���လ�မ�၊ ဆင��ရ���မ��ပ��မ�၊ တရ��ဥပ�ဒစ���မ���မ�န�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�အ��နည��မ�တ��� အပ�အဝင� ���င�ငံ�ရ�န�� စ��ပ����ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� က�စ�အ��လ�ံ�က��ပ� ထည��သ�င��စ���စ��ဖ��� တ��က�တ�န�� ��ပ��က��သ���ပ�တယ�။

ဒ��အ�ပင� အ�ဆ�ရ�� ရည�ရ�ယ�ခ�က�ရ��ရ�� တ��က�ခ��က�ခ��ဟ� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�အ�ရ� �ရရ�ည�တည�တံ�သည��အ��ဖရရ���ရ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ�မ�� အစ���ရရ�� �က ���ပမ��မ��တ�က�� အ���လ����စ��ံမက လ�အစ�လ��က� အ�ပ�ံလ��က� �နရပ�စ�န��ခ��မ�န�� လက�ရ��လ�သ��ခ�င��စ�န�မ�အ��ခအ�နမ���က�� �ဖစ��ပ��စခ��တ��အ�ပင� တပ�မ�တ����င�� �အ�အအ�က�� လက�နက�က��င�ပဋ�ပက�ဟ�လည�� �ပဿန�အ�� ပ��မ����ပ��ထ���စ�ပ�� စ�န��ခ�မ� တ���ပ���လ��စတယ�လ���လည�� ��ပ�သ���ပ�တယ�။

ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ- MOFA

http://burmese.dvb.no/archives/373976

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မ��င��ဆတ�တ�င� စ�တ��က�ဆ�ထ�တ� စက�အစ�တ�အပ��င��မ��� သ�မ��ဆည��ရမ�

By DVB | 28 February 2020

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ�အ�ရ��ပ��င��၊ မ��င��ဆတ��မ ���နယ� မ��င��တ�မ���တ�င��ပ��က��ရ��အ�ပ�စ� �ဟ��မ��ရ��အန��မ�� တပ�မ�တ��စစ���က�င��တခ�က စ�တ��က�ဆ��ပ��ထ�တ�လ�ပ�တ�� စက�အစ�တ�အပ��င���တ� သ�မ��ဆည��ရမ�ပ�တယ�။

�ဟ��မ���က��ရ��အန�� မ�န�ညင��စ��က�ခင��တခ�အတ�င�� ��မက�င��တ��က� �မ�ပ���ံထ��တ�� စ�တ��က�ဆ��ပ��ထ�တ�လ�ပ�ရ�မ�� အသ�ံ��ပ�တ�� စက�အစ�တ�အပ��င���တ�က�� သ�မ��ဆည��ရမ�ခ��တယ�လ��� မ��ယစ�အထ��တပ�ဖ���ဝင�တဦ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“မ��င��ဆတ��မ ��� ခမရ (၂၇၈) စစ���က�င��က နယ���မရ�င��လင��ရင�� �ဖ��ထ�တ�သ�မ��ဆည���ပ�� က��န��တ��� မ��ယစ�တပ�ဖ���က�� လ����ပ�င��အပ���ံ�ပ�ခ��တ�ပ�။ ���က�စက���စ�လ�ံ�ရ�� စက�အစ�တ�အပ��င���တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။”

တပ�မ�တ��စစ���က�င��က သ�မ��ဆည��ရမ�တ�� စက�က��ယ�ထည���စ�ခ�၊ စက�အထ��င� အခ� ၂၀၊ ပင�န�ယံ သံ�ပ��ဝ��င��န�� သံက�ဘ� ၈ ခ�၊ အ�ပ�က�မ���ပ� သံ�ပ��ဖ�ံ� ၂ ခ�၊ �မ��တ�ပ��မ�စက� ၁ လ�ံ�၊ Wy စ�တမ��ပ� သံမ� ၁၅၀ �ခ��င��န�� ဂက�စ�အ���တစ�လ�ံ�တ���က�� မ��ယစ�တပ�ဖ���စ� ၂၉ မ��င��ဆတ�ထံ အပ���ံ�ပ�ခ��တ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

စ�တ��က�ဆ��ပ��ထ�တ�လ�ပ�တ��စက��တ� ဖမ��ဆ��ရမ�မ�န��ပတ�သက��ပ�� မ��င��တ�မ��နယ���မရ�စခန��က မ��ယစ��ဆ�ဝ����င�� စ�တ�က����ပ�င��လ��စ�သ� �ဆ�ဝ��မ���ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ ၁၆(ခ)၊ ၂၀ (က) အရ အမ�ဖ�င��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

http://burmese.dvb.no/archives/374013

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