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Review of Size, Bag and Boat Limits in South Australia's Recreational

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Review of Size, Bag and Boat Limits in South Australia's Recreational Review of size, bag and boat limits in South Australia’s recreational fishing sector, marine and freshwater SUPPORT DOCUMENT FOR THE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR RECREATIONAL FISHING IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA January 2016 Review of size, bag and boat limits in South Australia’s recreational fishing sector, marine and freshwater Information current as of January 2016 © Government of South Australia 2016 Disclaimer PIRSA and its employees do not warrant or make any representation regarding the use, or results of the use, of the information contained herein as regards to its correctness, accuracy, reliability and currency or otherwise. PIRSA and its employees expressly disclaim all liability or responsibility to any person using the information or advice. In this document common and scientific fish names are, where possible, according to AS:SSA-001 Australian Fish Names Standard published by Seafood Services Australia in July 2007, as amended from time to time. The use of this standard is regulated in the South Australian Fisheries Management Act 2007. All enquiries Primary Industries and Regions SA (PIRSA) Level 14, 25 Grenfell Street GPO Box 1671, Adelaide SA 5001 T 08 8226 Objective ID: A1281801 JANUARY 2016 SIZE, BOAT AND BAG LIMIT REVIEW PAGE 2 Table of Contents Introduction 5 This review 5 Summary of proposed changes 6 Future reviews 7 Key Marine Finfish Species 8 Southern Garfish Hyporhamphus melanochir 8 King George Whiting Sillaginodes punctatus 10 Snapper Chrysophrys auratus 11 Australian Herring (Tommy Ruff) Arripis georgianus 13 Australian Salmon - Western (Arripis truttacea) 14 Other Marine/Estuarine Finfish Species 15 Albacore Thunnus alalunga 15 Bight Redfish, Swallowtail, Redfish/Nannygai Centroberyx spp. 16 Blue Morwong Nemadactylus valenciennsi 16 Bluethroat Wrasse Notolabrus tetricus 17 Bream Acanthopagrus spp. 18 Congolli Pseudaphritis urvillii 19 Flathead Platycephalus spp. 20 Flounder Family Pleuronectidae and Family Bothidae 20 Harlequin Fish Othos dentex 20 Mullet Family Mugilidae 21 Mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus 21 Samsonfish Seriola hippos 22 Silver Trevally Pseudocaranx dentex 22 Snook Sphyraena novaehollandiae 23 Southern Bluefin Tuna Thunnus maccoyyii 23 Sweep Scorpis spp. 24 Western Blue Groper Achoerdus gouldii 25 Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus albacares 25 Yellowfin Whiting Sillago schomburgkii 25 Yellowtail Kingfish Seriola lalandi 26 Sharks 27 Gummy Shark Mustelus antarcticus 27 School Shark Galeorhinus galeus 27 Whaler Sharks (Bronze and Dusky) Charcharhinus spp. 28 Key Marine Invertebrates 29 Blue Swimmer Crab Portunus armatus (formerly P. pelagicus) 29 Southern Calamari Sepiotheuthis australis 30 Pipi (Goolwa Cockle) Donax deltoides 30 Other Marine Invertebrates 32 Abalone Haliotis spp. 32 Black cowry Zoila friendii thersites 32 Bloodworms Glycera ovigera 32 JANUARY 2016 SIZE, BOAT AND BAG LIMIT REVIEW PAGE 3 Giant Crab Pseudocarcinus gigas 33 Sand Crab Ovalipes australiensis. 33 Cockle Katelysia spp (Mud Cockle) 34 Cuttlefish Sepia spp 34 Razorfish Pinna bicolor 34 Scallop Family Pectinidae 35 Sea Urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma 35 Southern Rock Lobster Jasus edwardsii 36 Freshwater species 37 Cooper Creek Catfish Neosiluroides cooperensis 37 Catfish - Hyrtl’s Tandan Neosilurus hyrtlii and Silver Tandan Porocilus argenteus 37 Golden Perch (Murray Catchment) Macquaria ambigua 38 Golden Perch/Lake Eyre Perch Macquaria spp. 38 Grunter Terapontidae spp. (except Silver Perch) 39 Spangled Perch Leiopotherapon unicolor 39 Murray Cod Maccullochella peelii 40 Trout, Brown Salmo trutta and Rainbow Oncorhynchus mykiss 41 Yabby Cherax destructor 41 References 42 Appendix 49 JANUARY 2016 SIZE, BOAT AND BAG LIMIT REVIEW PAGE 4 Introduction The most recent survey of recreational fishing estimated that approximately 277,000 South Australians enjoyed recreational fishing in 2013/14 (Giri et al. 2015). Recreational fishing generates valuable social and economic benefits to regional areas of the state. For future generations to continue to enjoy this activity, it is imperative that recreational fishing is managed in a way that shares the stocks and protects the aquatic environment. A recent definition of recreational fishing is “fishing activities undertaken either for personal consumption or for fun, sport, thrill of the catch or social bonding” (Arlinghaus et al. 2010). This definition highlights a social shift in which increasing numbers of recreational fishers seek to enjoy the total fishing experience in addition to harvesting fish. However, research has shown that a relatively small proportion of fishers account for a significant proportion of recreational fishing effort in Australia (Henry and Lyle 2003), indicating substantial latent effort in this sector of South Australia’s fisheries. One of the ways that recreational fishers are able to continue to operate sustainably, and at the same time experience high quality fishing, is through the application of personal harvest limits. Since the mid-1970s personal bag limits (the number of fish of each species that one person can harvest in one day) have been applied to key recreationally important species in South Australia. Boat limits, which limit the harvest per boat trip (usually 3 times the bag limit), were introduced in 1994. Size limits, applied to both commercial and recreational sectors, have been in place for many more years. Where possible, size limits are chosen to allow fish at least one spawning period in which to reproduce. This information is not always known, and some size limits have been chosen for other reasons such as precautionary approach, controlling harvest and marketing reasons. The first formal review of recreational regulations, including size, bag and boat limits, occurred in 1998 (PIRSA 1998). That review introduced recreational fishers to a number of innovative options for regulating their catches, and these included simplified multi-species bag limits and commercial quantity limits. This review The present review aims to update the existing limits by taking into account the status of fishery stocks, harvest shares and recent biological research, and is guided by the principle that recreational fishing is considered a sport/pleasure activity and is not managed to provide a return on investment in boats or fishing gear. This review takes the stance that current harvest shares between recreational and commercial fishers should be maintained unless there are explicit reasons for changing shares1. In preparing this review, advice has been sought from fisheries scientists, fisheries managers, compliance officers as well as the RecFish SA and the Conservation Council of South Australia. The review covers all recreational fishing including that undertaken as part of the SA Charter Boat Fishery. It does not include review of gear or closures. At the front of this document is a summary and recommendations section that highlights any changes that have been proposed in an easy to reference section This is followed by the detail for each species including: • current limits • proposed changes • fishery biology in brief (including distribution and size at first maturity where known). Unless otherwise specified, fish species distribution information is taken from Gomon et al. (2008) and invertebrate distribution from Edgar (2000) 1 Catch allocation is based on catches by SA residents only, and does not include the catch taken by interstate residents fishing in SA waters. JANUARY 2016 SIZE, BOAT AND BAG LIMIT REVIEW PAGE 5 • current stock status, if known • catch from the 2007/2008 (Jones, 2009) and 20014/2015 recreational fishing surveys (Giri et al. 2015) • percent of total harvest, if known, from the 2013/14 (Giri et al. 2015) recreational fishing survey • reasons for proposed changes A list of meetings and workshops held to inform this review (Table 2) and the current recreational size, bag and boat limits and a summary of the proposed changes can be found in Appendix 1 at the end of the document. For convenience the species are grouped into the following sections and listed alphabetically within each sections: a) Primary marine finfish b) Other marine/estuarine finfish c) Primary invertebrates d) Other invertebrates e) Freshwater species The recreational fishery is largely regulated through size limits, bag and boat limits (which is the focus for this review). Fishing rules also apply in relation to fishing gear, closures (spatial and temporal) and protected species (these rules are not considered by this review). The legal minimum length is generally set so that most fish will have the chance to reach their reproductive size. With the protection of size limits, most fish will survive to spawn at least once before capture. This allows the replenishment of the species. Bag limits are also a management measure for protecting and maintaining fish stocks, as this restricts the number of fish taken by fishers. Summary of proposed changes The review proposes to: reduce the bag/boat limit for Garfish, Australian Herring, Samsonfish, Western Blue Groper, Large (>60cm) Yellowtail Kingfish, Blue Swimmer Crab/Sand Crabs state-wide (grouping of six species) reduce the bag/boat limit for Snapper in Spencer gulf, Scallops in Coffin Bay and formalise the reduction in the bag limit for Pipi on Gunyah Beach (grouping of three species) increase the bag/boat limit for Spangled Perch (one species) increase the size limit for Bream, Mulloway (Marine waters) and Samsonfish (grouping of three species) introduce a maximum size limit (slot limit) for Blue Throat Wrasse
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