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Management Implications of Climate Change Effect on Fisheries in Western Australia Part 2: Case Studies FRDC Project No Fisheries Research Report No. 261, 2015 Management implications of climate change effect on fisheries in Western Australia Part 2: Case studies FRDC Project No. 2010/535 N. Caputi, M. Feng, A. Pearce, J. Benthuysen, A. Denham, Y. Hetzel, R. Matear, G. Jackson, B. Molony, L. Joll, A. Chandrapavan Fisheries Research Division Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories PO Box 20 NORTH BEACH, Western Australia 6920 3116/14 Correct citation: Caputi, N., Feng, M., Pearce, A., Benthuysen, J., Denham, A., Hetzel, Y., Matear, R., Jackson, G., Molony, B., Joll, L. and Chandrapavan A. (2015). Management implications of climate change effect on fisheries in Western Australia, Part 2: Case studies. FRDC Project No. 2010/535. Fisheries Research Report No. 261. Department of Fisheries, Western Australia. 156pp. 1 Western Australian Fisheries & Marine Research Laboratories, PO Box 20, North Beach, WA 6920, Australia 2 CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag No. 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia 3 CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia 4 Department of Fisheries Western Australia, Locked Bag 39, Cloisters Square Post Office, Perth, WA 6850, Australia 5 Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia Researcher Contact Details FRDC Contact Details Name: Dr Nick Caputi Address: 25 Geils Court, Deakin ACT 2600 Address: WA Fisheries & Marine Research Laboratories, Phone: 02 6285 0400 PO Box 20, North Beach, WA 6920 Fax: 02 6285 0499 Phone: 08 9203 0165 Email: [email protected] Fax: 08 9203 0199 Web: www.frdc.com.au Email: [email protected] In submitting this report, the researcher has agreed to FRDC publishing this material in its edited form. Ownership of Intellectual property rights Unless otherwise noted, copyright (and any other intellectual property rights, if any) in this publication is owned by the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Department of Fisheries Western Australia, and CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research. This publication (and any information sourced from it) should be attributed to Caputi, N., Feng, M., Pearce, A., Benthuysen, J., Denham, A., Hetzel, Y., Matear, R., Jackson, G., Molony, B., Joll, L., and Chandrapavan, A. (2015). Management implications of climate change effect on fisheries in Western Australia. Part 2. Case studies. Department of Fisheries Western Australia, September. CC BY 3.0 Individual species assessment in Part 2 (example): de Lestang, S., Caputi, N., and Chandrapavan, A. (2015). Western rock lobster. p. 1-14 In: Caputi, N., Feng, M., Pearce, A., Benthuysen, J., Denham, A., Hetzel, Y., Matear, R., Jackson, G., Molony, B., Joll, L., and Chandrapavan, A. (2015). Management implications of climate change effect on fisheries in Western Australia Part 2: Case studies. FRDC Project 2010/535. Fisheries Research Report 261, Department of Fisheries, Western Australia, September. Part 1 of report: Caputi, N., Feng, M., Pearce, A., Benthuysen, J., Denham, A., Hetzel, Y., Matear, R., Jackson, G., Molony, B., Joll, L., and Chandrapavan, A. (2015). Management implications of climate change effect on fisheries in Western Australia. Part 1. Environmental change and risk assessment. Fisheries Research Report 260, Department of Fisheries Western Australia, September. Creative Commons licence All material in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence, save for content supplied by third parties, logos and the Commonwealth Coat of Arms. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence is a standard form licence agreement that allows you to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt this publication provided you attribute the work. A summary of the licence terms is available from creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en. The full licence terms are available from creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/legalcode. Inquiries regarding the licence and any use of this document should be sent to: [email protected] Disclaimer The authors do not warrant that the information in this document is free from errors or omissions. The authors do not accept any form of liability, be it contractual, tortious, or otherwise, for the contents of this document or for any consequences arising from its use or any reliance placed upon it. The information, opinions and advice contained in this document may not relate, or be relevant, to a readers particular circumstances. Opinions expressed by the authors are the individual opinions expressed by those persons and are not necessarily those of the publisher, research provider or the FRDC. The Fisheries Research and Development Corporation plans, invests in and manages fisheries research and development throughout Australia. It is a statutory authority within the portfolio of the federal Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, jointly funded by the Australian Government and the fishing industry. © Fisheries Research and Development Corporation and Department of Fisheries Western Australia. January 2015. All rights reserved. ISSN: 1035 - 4549 ISBN: 978-1-921845-83-3 ii Fisheries Research Report [Western Australia] No. 261, 2015 Contents 1.0 Western Rock Lobster (Panulirus cygnus) .............................................................. 1 2.0 Western King Prawn (Penaeus latisulcatus) ............................................................ 14 3.0 Brown Tiger Prawn (Penaeus esculentus) ................................................................ 25 4.0 Saucer Scallop (Amusium balloti) ............................................................................ 35 5.0 Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus armatus) ................................................................ 44 6.0 Gloomy Octopus (Octopus cf tetricus) ..................................................................... 55 7.0 Greenlip and Brownlip Abalone (Haliotis laevigata; H. conicopora) ................... 67 8.0 Roe’s Abalone (Haliotis roei) ..................................................................................... 77 9.0 Pearl Oyster (Pinctada maxima) ............................................................................... 87 10.0 Australian Herring (Arripis georgianus) ................................................................ 96 11.0 Baldchin Groper (Choerodon rubescens) ................................................................ 103 12.0 Bight Redfish (Centroberyx gerrardi) .................................................................... 109 13.0 Narrow-Barred Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) ...................... 115 14.0 Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) .............................................................................. 123 15.0 Australian Sardine (Sardinops sagax) ..................................................................... 134 16.0 Tailor (Pomatomus saltatrix) ................................................................................... 141 17.0 Western Blue Groper (Achoerodus gouldii) ........................................................... 148 Fisheries Research Report [Western Australia] No. 261, 2015 iii iv Fisheries Research Report [Western Australia] No. 261, 2015 1.0 Western Rock Lobster (Panulirus cygnus) Authors: Simon de Lestang, Nick Caputi, Arani Chandrapavan Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, PO Box 20, North Beach, WA 6920, Australia 1.1 The fishery The Western Rock Lobster Panulirus cygnus (George) is taken by commercial and recreational fishers throughout its geographic range along the lower west coast of Western Australia. It is fished by three managed fisheries; West Coast Rock Lobster Managed Fishery (WCRLMF), Augusta–Windy Harbour Managed Fishery and the South Coast Crustacean Fisheries. The WCRLMF is the largest fishery encompassing most of the Western Rock Lobster’s (WRL) geographic range (Figure 1.1.1), including the most productive regions and is Australia’s largest single-species fishery worth $200–400 million annually. The WCRLMF operates from inshore regions in shallow waters out to the edge of the continental shelf. The fishery is managed in three zones: south of latitude 30°S (Zone C), north of latitude 30°S (Zone B) and a third offshore zone (Zone A) around the Abrolhos Islands (Figure 1.1.1). Effort is evenly split between the Southern and Northern zones through the implementation of management controls aimed at addressing zone-specific issues, including different maximum size restrictions and seasonal opening and closing dates. The only method of capture is the use of baited pots made of wood slats or from cane material fitted with escape gaps (for undersized lobsters and bycatch). After an overnight soak period, the pots are retrieved the following morning with the captured lobsters of legal size and of appropriate reproductive status (e.g. not berried etc.) placed into holding tanks and returned to on-shore processing plants where the majority are prepared for live shipments. The fishery has been managed by a total allowable effort (TAE) system and associated input controls until 2009/10. The main control mechanism was the number of units (pots) for the fishery, together with a proportional usage rate, which creates the TAE in pot lifts (i.e. number of pots in the fishery multiplied by the usage rate and the number of days in the season). The TAE system was managed via a limit on the number of licensees and the total number of pots that can operate in the fishery. Each license had a number
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