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Nimbus Times Magazine – October 2019 CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION 2019 PREFACE This booklet of Current Affairs is an attempt so as to help the Civil Services Aspirants in their process of learning, understanding and analyzing each and every aspect of the current issue in the easiest possible manner. In order to make the understanding of the current affairs a long lasting affair and to help students score good marks in the examination; a balance between factual content and analytical approach has been maintained in this booklet. The booklet has been meticulously designed to suit the needs of Civil Service Aspirants appearing in IAS and State PSC examinations. In addition, it would benefit all those who are preparing for other competitive examinations or such individuals who are knowledge starving and have a passion to learn more. Owing to nature of the booklet, the Nimbus Academy Team has prepared the material with the help of the facts and the information provided by various Ministries of Govt. of India and merging those with the concepts developed by the subject matter experts. Reader’s suggestions and feedback directed towards improvements are welcome and can be e-mailed at [email protected] Nimbus Academy for IAS CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION 2019 Published by Nimbus Academy For IAS CHANDIGARH: SCO 72-73, 1st Floor, SEC 15-D MOBILE – 9317442200 SHIMLA: SUSHANT BHAWAN, 1st FLOOR, NEAR CO-OPERATIVE BANK, CHHOTTA SHIMLA, PIN CODE-171002. Mobile No.-86288-68800 All rights reserved, No part of this book can be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission in writing from Nimbus Academy for IAS. E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.NimbusIAS.com ADVISORY AND EDITORIAL COUNCIL FOR NIMBUS TIMES Chief Mentors : Rajeev Kumar Deepak Bijalwan Associate Editors : Armaanjot Brar Special Thanks to Ajay Singh Guleria, Rahul Dev, Bhushan Rohta, Arkaz Sharma and Sukhwinder Singh for their Valuable Contribution and Suggestions. << 2 >> | NIMBUS TIMES | OCTOBER, 2019 CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION 2019 TABLE OF CONTENT Sr. No. Topic Page No. POLICY AND GOVERNANCE 6-39 1. • Commission to Examine Sub Categorization of Other Backward Classes • Atal Community Innovation Centre (ACIC) Program • Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Bill, 2019 • Number of Supreme Court Judges • Jammu & Kashmir Reorganisation Bill-2019 • Delimitation of Constituencies • J&K Reservation Bill • Unsc Resolution 47 on Kashmir • Article 371 of The Constitution • Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Bill, 2019 • Jallianwala Bagh National Memorial (Amendment) Bill, 2019 • Transgender Rights Bill • Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019 • Simla Agreement • National Medical Commission Bill • Consumer Protection Bill • Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants) Amendment Bill, 2019 • Legislative Council • Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage), Bill 2019 (Triple Talaq Bill) • National Essential Diagnostics List (NEDL) • Nishtha– National Initiative For School Heads And Teachers Holistic Advancement • Deep Ocean Mission By The Ministry of Earth Sciences • Rotavirus 2. ECONOMY 40-54 • RBI's Bi-Monthly Monetary Policy • Insolvency And Bankruptcy Code [Second Amendment] Act 2018 • Subash Chandra Garg Committee • Fit-and-Proper Criteria • RBI Regulatory Sandbox 3. HISTORY, ART & CULTURE 55-58 • GI TAGS: Four New Products Get GI Tag • Pashmina Products 4. INTERNATIONAL ISSUES 59-65 • Financial Action Task Force (FATF) • US China Trade War • Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty • G7 Bloc SECURITY 66-71 5. • National Liberation Front of Twipra [NLFT-SD] << 3 >> | NIMBUS TIMES | OCTOBER, 2019 CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION 2019 • India’s NFU Policy • SPG, NSG and Other Security Forces — How India Protects Its VIPs • Chief Of Defence Staff (CDS) • Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty 6. ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY 72-79 • BS–VI Norms • Cites (The Convention on International Trade In Endangered Species of Wild Fauna And Flora) or The Washington Convention • Kisan Urja Suraksha Evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan • Repurpose Used Cooking Oil (RUCO) Initiative • SARAL – ‘State Rooftop Solar Attractiveness Index’ 7. NEWS IN SHORT 80-85 • Khanij Bidesh India Ltd. (Kabil) • Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air missiles (QRSAM) • World Breastfeeding Week 1st – 7th August • Canine distemper virus (CDV) • Magsaysay Award • Meghdoot • Rajasthan Passes Bill mandating death penalty for ‘honour killing’ • Kosi-Mechi Interlinking project • Kajin Sara lake • Palani panchamirtham • Samagra Shiksha-Jal Suraksha • Gogabeel is Bihar’s first community reserve • International Youth Day • Govt. to launch ‘Uber for tractors’ app to aid farmers • Operation Number Plate • Navroz Festival • Aadi Mahotsav • Know India Programme • ‘San-Sadhan’ Hackathon • Bt Cowpea • Project SURE • Tarantula Spider • Indonesia’s New Capital 8. • Important Multiple Choice Questions (Current Affairs) 86-95 << 4 >> | NIMBUS TIMES | OCTOBER, 2019 CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION 2019 POLITY AND GOVERNANCE COMMISSION TO EXAMINE SUB CATEGORIZATION OF OTHER BACKWARD CLASSES Why in News? Union Cabinet has approved the extension of term of the commission constituted under Article 340 of the constitution to examine the issue of Sub-categorization within other Backward Classes in the Central List. Background: 2015: The National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) proposed the sub-categorisation of Other Backward Classes (OBCs). October 2017: President Ram Nath Kovind, in exercise of the powers conferred by Article 340 of the Constitution, appointed a commission to examine the issue of sub-categorisation of OBCs. The commission was to identify the respective castes/communities/sub-castes/synonyms in the Central list and classify them into sub-categories, and examine the inequitable distribution of benefits reservation among castes and communities included in the Central list of OBCs. Justice G. Rohini, the first woman Chief Justice of Delhi High Court was appointed as the Chairperson of the commission. The commission was mandated to submit is report within 12 weeks from the date of appointment of the chairperson. The terms of reference of the Commission are as under: • To examine the extent of inequitable distribution of benefits of reservation among the castes or communities included in the broad category of Other Backward Classes with reference to such classes included in the Central List. • To work out the mechanism, criteria, norms and parameters in a scientific approach for sub- categorisation within such Other Backward Classes. • To take up the exercise of identifying the respective castes or communities or sub-castes or synonyms in the Central List of Other Backward Classes and classifying them into their respective sub-categories. Why do we need to appoint such a commission? • Article 14 of the Constitution guarantees equality before the law. That means un-equals cannot be treated equally. Measures are required to be taken for the upliftment of un-equals to bring them on par with the advanced classes. • At present, there is no sub-categorisation as far as the 27% reservation for the OBCs is concerned, therefore there is the need for sub categorization of the OBCs inorder to ensure that the more backward among the OBC communities can also access the benefits of reservation for educational institutions and government jobs. Legal status of this sub-categorisation: • The Supreme Court order in the case of Indra Sawhney and others vs. Union of India says that there was no Constitutional or legal bar to a State categorizing backward classes as backward or more backward and a State chooses to do it (sub-categorisation), it is not impermissible in law. << 5 >> | NIMBUS TIMES | OCTOBER, 2019 CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION 2019 • Ten States had already carried out sub-categorization of OBCs viz. Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry, Karnataka, Haryana, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Bihar, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. Significance of this move: • The move is significant as it aims to give greater representation to the less dominant OBC groupings and also work towards inclusion for all. • The sub-categorization of OBCs will also ensure increased access to benefits such as reservations in educational institutions and government jobs for less dominant OBCs. The conditions of OBC Castes so far an Analysis; • The Union Cabinet’s decision to set up a commission to examine the issue of sub-categorisation of the Other Backward Classes speaks to the long years of failure in effectively preventing large sections of the creamy layer from taking advantage of the quota system to the detriment of the poorer sections among their own caste groups. • In effect, the Union government is now seeking to ensure a more equitable distribution of reservation benefits by further differentiating caste groups coming under backward classes on the basis of their levels of social and economic backwardness. • OBCs constitute a little less than half of India’s electorate are a vastly heterogeneous group. • There are some jaatis or sub-castes which have significant shares in land ownership but constitute a relatively lower proportion of the population. This section of OBCs (Yadavs and Kurmis in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, Vokkaligas in Karnataka, etc), accounting for roughly one-third of the OBC population in the country are what we define as upper OBCs. • The other section of OBCs (Badhais, Lohars, Kewats, etc) who have traditionally had a smaller share in the rural economy, and account for roughly two-thirds of the OBC population in the country are what we define as lower OBCs. • OBCs comprise
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