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Indian Art & Culture UPSC Previous Year Questions

b) Facial expressions, hand gestures and make- 4. Indian Dance Forms up are combined to symbolize certain epic or 1. Consider the following pairs: historic characters 1. : Gujarat c) Movements of body, face and hands are used 2. Mohiniattam : Odisha to express oneself or to tell a story 3. : Karnataka d) A little smile, slightly curved waist and Which of the pairs given above is/are certain hand gestures are emphasized to correctly matched? express the feelings of love or eroticism a) (i) only b) (ii) and (iii) only 4. How do you distinguish between c) (i) and (iii) only and Bharatnatyam dances? d) (i), (ii) and (iii) 1. Dancers occasionally speaking dialogues are

2. With reference to the famous found in Kuchipudi dance but not in Bharatnatyam. dance, consider the following statements: 2. Dancing on the brass plate by keeping the 1. Sattriya is a combination of music, dance feet on its edges is a feature of and drama. Bharatnatyam but Kuchipudi dance does 2. It is a centuries-old living tradition of nothave such a form of movements. Vaishnavites ofAssam. Which of the statements given above is/are 3. It is based on classical and Talas of correct? devotional songs composed by , a) (i) only and Mirabai. b) (ii) only Which of the statements given above is /are c) Both (i) and 2 correct? d) Neither (i) nor (ii) a) (i) only b) (i) and (ii) only 5. Match List I with List II and select the correct Codes c) (i), (ii) and (iii) d) (ii) and (iii) only List-II List-I (Dancer) (Dance) 3. In the context of cultural history of , A KalamandalamKshemavaty 1 a pose in dance and dramatics called B KottakkalSivaraman 2 Manipuri ‘Tribhanga’ has been a favourite of Indian C Viswanathan 3 Mohiniattam artists from ancient times till today. Which one of the following statements D N Madhabi 4 Bharatnatyam best describes this pose? A B C D a) One leg is bent and the body is slightly but a) 1 3 2 4 b) 3 1 4 2 oppositely curved at waist and neck www.laexias.co 18 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains

Indian Art & Culture UPSC Previous Year Questions

c) 1 3 4 2 Kashmir KudDandiNach d) 3 1 2 4 , Munda, , Jhumar, Janani Jhumar, Jharkhand MardanaJhumar, Paika, 4. Key and Explanation Phagua 1. KEY: C Yakshagana, Huttari, Suggi, Karnataka Explanation : Kunitha, Karga

State of List of Folk Dances in India Kerala OttamThullal, Kaikottikali Origin Lavani, Nakata, Koli, , Maharashtra VilasiniNatyam, Gafa, DahikalaDasavtar. Andhra Bhamakalpam, , Pradesh Dappu, TappetaGullu, Jawara, Matki, Aada, Lambadi, Dhimsa, Kolattam. Madhya KhadaNach, Phulpati, Grida Pradesh Dance, Selalarki, Selabhadoni Arunachal Buiya, Chalo, Wancho, Pradesh PasiKongki, Ponung, Popir DolCholam, Thang Ta, Lai Manipur Haraoba, PungCholom , Bichhua, Natpuja, Maharas, Kaligopal, Ka Shad Suk Mynsiem, , Naga dance, Khel Meghalaya Gopal. Nongkrem, Laho

Jata-Jatin, Bakho-Bakhain, , Khuallam, Bihar Panwariya Mizoram Chailam, Sawlakin, Chawnglaizawn, Zangtalam Gaur Maria, Panthi, Chattisgarh RautNacha, Pandwani, Rangma, Bamboo Dance, Vedamati, Kapalik Nagaland Zeliang, Nsuirolians, Gethinglim Garba, DandiyaRaas, Gujarat Savari, Ghumara, Painka, TippaniJuriun, Bhavai Odisha Munari Tarangamel, Koli, Dekhni, , Shigmo, Ghode, Modni, , , Daff, Punjab Samayinrutya, Jagar, Dhaman, Bhand Ranmale Ghumar, Chakri, Ganagor, Jhumar, Phag, Daph, Rajasthan JhulanLeela, Jhuma, Suisini, Haryana Dhamal, Loor, Gugga, Khor. Ghapal

Himachal Jhora, Jhali, Chharhi, Chu Faat, Sikmari, Pradesh Dhaman, Chhapeli, Mahasu SinghiChaam or the Snow Sikkim Lion, Yak Chaam, DenzongGnenha, Jammu & Rauf, Hikat, Mandjas, TashiYangku www.laexias.co 19 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains

Indian Art & Culture UPSC Previous Year Questions

 Two varieties of Ojapali dances are still Tamil Nadu Kumi, Kolattam, Kavadi prevalent in Assam i.e. Sukananni or Maroi Tripura Goa Ojah and Vyah Goa Ojah. SukananniOjapaali Uttar Nautanki, , Kajri, SukananniOjapaali is of Sakti cult Pradesh Jhora, Chappeli Vyah Goa Ojapaali Garhwali, Kumayuni, , Vyah Goa Ojapaali is of Vaishnava cult. Uttarakhand Jhora, Raslila Educational objective: to know about classical dances of India. Educational objective: to know about 3. KEY: A famous of different state. Explanation : 2. KEY: D Sattriya  The great Vaishnava saint and reformer of Assam, Mahapurusha Sankaradeva as a powerful medium for the propagation of the Vaishnava faith, introduced the Sattriya dance form in the 15th century A.D.  This Indian dance form evolved and expanded as a distinct style of dance later on. . It is one of the pre-eminent classical dance  This neo-Vaishnava treasure of Assamese forms of India which originated in the dance and drama has been, for centuries, Hindu temples of the eastern coastal state nurtured and preserved with great of Odisha in India. commitment by the Sattras i.e. Vaishnava . It is a dance of love and passion touching on maths or monasteries. Because of its the divine and the human, the sublime and religious character and association with the the mundane. Sattras, this dance style has aptly named . Odhra Magadha, mentioned in Natya Sattriya. can be identified as the earliest  Sankaradeva introduced this dance form precursor of present day Odissi dance. by incorporating different elements from . The techniques of dance movement are built various treatises, local folk dance with his around the two basic postures of the . own rare outlook Chowk and the Tribhanga.  There were two dances form prevalent in . The chowkis a position imitating a square - Assam before the neo- Vaishnava movement a very masculine stance with the weight such as Ojapali and Devadasi with many of the body equally balanced. classical elements. www.laexias.co 20 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains

Indian Art & Culture UPSC Previous Year Questions

. The tribhanga is a very feminine 5. Languages in India stance where the body is deflected at the neck, torso and the knees. 1. Which one of the following was given . An Odissi orchestra essentially consists of a classical language status recently? a) Odia pakhawaj player (usually the b) Konkani himself), a singer, a flutist, a sitar or c) Bhojpuri violin player and a manjira player d) Assamese Educational objective: to know about classical dances of India. 2. Consider the following languages: 1. Gujarati 4. KEY: A 2. Kannada Explanation : 3. Telugu 1) Bharatnatyam is a form of Classical dance Which of the above has/have been declared from Tamil Nadu whereas Kuchipudi is a as ‘Classical Language/Languages’ by the classical dance form from Andhra Pradesh. Government? 2) Bharatnatyam has more sculptured poses whereas Kuchipudi has more rounded poses. a) (i) and (ii) only 3) Bharatnatyam is termed the fire dance b) (iii) only replicating the inner fire within the human c) (ii) and (iii) only body. On the other hand, Kuchipudi d) (i), (ii) and (iii) replicates man’s undying desire to unite with God. 5. Key and Explanation 3) The Bharatnatyam costumes have three fans of dissimilar lengths. But the Kuchipudi 1. KEY: A dresses have a single fan that is lengthier 2. KEY: C than the lengthiest fan in the former Explanation : Currently, six languages enjoy 4) Dancer occasionally speaks dialogue in the ‘Classical’ status: Tamil (declared in 2004), Kuchipudi but not in . Sanskrit (2005), Kannada (2008), Telugu (2008), 5) Dancing on the brass plate by keeping the Malayalam (2013), and Odia (2014) feet on its edges is a feature of Kuchipudi. According to information provided by the Educational objective: to know about Ministry of Culture in the Rajya Sabha in classical dances of India. February 2014, the guidelines for declaring a 5. KEY: B language as ‘Classical’ are: Option B is correct Explanation : (i) High antiquity of its early texts/recorded Educational objective: to know about famous history over a period of 1500-2000 years; personality linked to classical dances of India. (ii) A body of ancient literature/texts, which is considered a valuable heritage by generations of speakers; www.laexias.co 21 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains