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IPDP: PRC: Fenghuang County Subproject, Hunan Flood

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IPDP: PRC: Fenghuang County Subproject, Hunan Flood Ethnic Minority Development Plan November 2011 People’s Republic of China: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project (Fenghuang County Subproject) Prepared by the Hunan Provincial Government for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 1 November 2011) Currency unit – Yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1572 $1.00 = CNY6.3595 NOTE (i) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This ethnic minority development plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Fenghuang County Urban Flood Control Subproject ETHNIC MINORITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN Fenghuang County PMO 1 Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 3 II. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................... 4 A. PROJECT DESCRIPTION………………………………………………………………………………………4 B. ETHNIC MINORITIES IN HUNAN……………………………………………………………………………….5 C. LEGAL FRAMEWORK………………………………………………………………………………………….5 1. Policy, Plans and Program ................................................................................................... 5 2. ADB Policy on Indigenous People in Project Areas (PA) ...................................................... 5 III. ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE PROJECT AREA ................................................................................ 7 A. METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………………………………………………….7 B. ETHNIC POPULATION IN FOUR RIVER BASINS………………………………………………………………7 C. ETHNIC MINORITIES IN PROJECT COUNTIES………………………………………………………………...8 D. ETHNIC MINORITIES IN FENGHUANG COUNTY………………………………………………………...8 E. ETHNIC MINORITIES IN PROJECT PROTECTED AREAS (PPA)…………………………………………….11 F. ETHNIC GROUPS AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION……………………………………………………………….13 1. Tujia ................................................................................................................................... 13 2. Miao ................................................................................................................................... 15 3. Other Minorities .................................................................................................................. 14 G. SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MINORITY COMMUNITIES……………………………………....14 H. On Going Minority Development Programs………………………………………………....................18 IV. PROJECT IMPACTS ON MINORITIES ............................................................................................ 20 A. PAST FLOOD IMPACT………………………………………………………………………………………..20 B. PROJECT BENEFITS FOR DIFFERENT BENEFICIARIES…………………………………………………….21 C. POTENTIAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF RESETTLEMENT……………………………………………………...24 D. EXPECTATIONS AND CONCERNS……………………………………………………................................24 E. POVERTY REDUCTION MEASUREMENT……………………………………………………………………..30 V. ACTION PLAN ............................................................................................................................... 32 A. SPECIFIC MEASURES/ACTIVITIES…………………………………………………………………………..32 1. Mitigation Measures ........................................................................................................... 32 2. Enhancement Measures .................................................................................................... 36 3. Project Benefit Measures ................................................................................................... 37 B. BUDGET AND FINANCING SOURCES………………………………………………………………………..32 C. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT………………………………………………………………………….32 D. MONITORING AND EVALUATION (M&E)…………………………………………………………………….38 2 I. INTRODUCTION This Ethnic Minorities Development Plan (EMDP) is prepared to ensure equitable sharing of the project benefits and mitigation measures by the concerned minority communities and individuals in the project area of the Fenghuang Flood Control Subproject, which is part of Hunan Provincial Flood Management Project in Hunan Province, People‟s Republic of China (PRC). The EMDP for Fenghuang Subproject is based on the PPTA‟s Resettlement Plan, the Social and Poverty Assessment, and consultation with ethnic minority groups, local county governments and their respective line agencies. A summary of distribution and socioeconomic characteristics of ethnic minorities in the project areas – four river basins, and 35 subprojects will be the context for such assessment. Based on review of social and poverty conditions of ethnic minorities in both Fenghuang County and the project protected areas, adequate provisions to enhance the economic conditions of minority groups have been integrated in project design. Provisions for special mitigation measures have been included in the resettlement plan, which will help ensure that ethnic minorities adversely affected by resettlement will also benefit from the project. Current government policies and programs for ethnic minorities further help to protect and enhance project benefits to ethnic minority groups. This plan targets the Miao, Tujia, Hui, Dong, Yao, and other nationalities in the project area, which account for about 5.0%, 3.1%, 0.18%, 0.06%, 0.003% and 0.05% of the total minority population in Fenghuang County. 3 II. BACKGROUND A. Project Description The proposed Fenghuang Flood Control Subproject is one of the 35 subprojects under Hunan Flood Management Project. The proposed Fenghuang Flood Control Subproject is one of the thirty-five subprojects under Hunan Flood Management Project. The subproject is located in Tuojiang Town in Fenghuang county in west Hunan Province----Tuojiang Town. Located by the riverside of Tuojiang River (a tributary of Wushui River), Tuojiang Town is the center of politics, economy and culture. And the total land area of Fenghuang County is 1759km2. The Tuojiang River is a tributary of Wushui River of the Yuanjiang water system, which originates from La‟er Mountain within the county, flows by Changtangang reservoir, the county town of Tuojiang Township, and Hexi Township of Jishou City, and then converges into Wushui River with a total length of 130km and drainage area of 988km2. Tuojiang River passes through the east part of the town, thus dividing it into two parts: the east part and west part. In the west part there are also two streams passing, one is Tuqiao stream entering into Tuojiang River from west to east, the other is Xiaoxikeng River converging with Tuqiao stream from south to north. The drainage area of Tuqiao stream is 8.85km2. The county seat of Tuojiang Township does not have the embankment protection along the river and the urban area is basically arranged along the river; the Hexi (west of river) district has Tuqiao stream passing through it without embankment protection along the both banks, therefore both banks along Tuojiang River and Tuqiao stream are within the scope of flooding and also are the area subject to most serious disasters. The biggest flood in 1998 cause 7800 persons to suffer the disaster and break off the power supply and communication, resulting in a direct economic loss CNY146 million. The major purposes of the proposed Fenghuang subproject include: （i）to protect Fenghuang from flood threat;（ii）to strengthen the management of Yuanjiang River drainage basin, which is a component of Hunan Flood Management Project. The subproject includes: To build 6 new flood control dikes with a total length of 5.458km. To rehabilitate Tuqiao river course with a length of 5.30km; to rehabilitate Xiaoxikeng river course with a length of 1.30km. Newly build Shawan flood diversion channel with a length of 0.95km and Mianzhai flood diversion channel with a length of 1.30km. To reconstruct 26 bridges over Tuqiao stream with a total length of 0.13km. To build 25 self-discharging gates on the body of the flood control dike. To construct flood-control commanding system and necessary supporting management facilities. With all these completion, the protection area will reach 2.45km2. According to the feasibility study report, the total static investment of Fenghuang subproject will reach CNY 80.93 million, out of which, 37 percent would be financed by ADB loan. B. Ethnic Minorities in Hunan There are as many as 55 ethnic minority groups1 in Hunan making up a population of 8.33 million or 12.2% of Hunan‟s total population. There is one autonomous prefecture of ethnic minority in Hunan, 1 In other words, all the 56 ethnic groups within China (55 ethnic minority groups and Han) are represented in Hunan. 4 which administrates 8 counties, 7 minority autonomous counties with more than 50% of the populating as minorities and 2 unofficial minority counties enjoying minority county benefits. Besides these minority counties, there are 100 ethnic minority townships in 34 counties. In Hunan, there are 8 minorities with a population over 10,000, they are Tujia, Miao, Dong, Yao, Bai, Hui (Muslims), Zhuang and Mongolia. These eight groups make up over 99.3% of the total minority population of Hunan. Most of them are located in the western Hunan (i.e., the Xiangxi Prefecture, Huaihua and Zhangjiajie municipalities),
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