Ukrainian Week v

Vol. LVII No. 9 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1989 50 cents Cancers increase in Ukraine Gorbachev's visit to Ukraine in area of Chornobyl plant spurs detentions, angry protests JERSEY CITY, N.J. - The lasting ed. JERSEY CITY, N.J. — Soviet leader residents the day before. after-effects of the tragic Chornobyl In the Narodychy district, where the Mikhail Gorbachev's visit to Ukraine Mr. Gorbachev's visit to the nuclear reactor explosion are being felt Petrovsky collective farm is located, last week prompted detentions and Ukrainian capital on Monday, in Ukraine, as cancer cases have dou­ eight percent of the population is demonstrations in Lviv and Kiev, February 20, was preceded by a mass bled in the area around the plant, contaminated at a rate of 3 to 10 micro- reported the press service of the public rally on Sunday which, Moscow News reported on February curies, although Soviet radiologists Ukrainian Helsinki Union and The according to Reuters, attracted some 15. have determined that a level of 4.4. Washington Post. 2,000 people to October Revolution Almost three years after the explos­ micro-curies of Cesium 137 can cause Seven leading Ukrainian national Square in the city's center. The meeting ion, more than half the children in a "major modifications" in the body. rights activists were detained for more was reportedly organized by the Kiev district 31 to 56 miles from the reactor Moscow News stated that the Ukrain­ than six hours during the Soviet branch of the Ukrainian Helsinki Union are suffering from a thyroid gland ian authorities have divided the area president's brief swing through the and the Hromada society in accordance disease and the number of cancers, near the plant into "clean" and "non- western Ukrainian city of Lviv on with a recent notice in Izvestia allowing mostly esophagus and mouth cancers, clean" zones and have allocated to February 21, reported the UHU. public meetings focused on the has doubled, according to the Moscow residents of the "non-clean" zones a The dissidents were detained by KGB upcoming March 26 national legislative News disclosures. ruble a day to help them purchase food agents before Mr. Gorbachev's arrival elections. Although official reports over the last from other areas. However, "clean- and were held in local militia stations UHU activists carried signs and 33 months have denied any signs of zone" foods were in short supply and until he departed at about 8 p.m. The distributed leaflets calling on citizens lasting effects due to the nuclear explos­ local contaminated foods continued to detainees were: Ukrainian Catholic not to cast votes for Ukrainian party ion, birth defects in animals near be eaten by the people. activist Ivan Hel; Mykhailo Horyn, boss Volodymyr Shcherbytsky, Zhytomyr have increased substantially. Volodimir Kolinko, a writer for Bohdan Horyn, Pavlo Skochok, Ukrainian President Valentyna At the Petrovsky collective farm, more Moscow News, described the calves Hryhoriy Prykhodko and Ivan Shevchenko and other members of the than 30 miles outside Chornobyl, dur­ born without heads and pigs with Kandyba of the UHU; and Iryna "old guard" to the new Congress of ing the first year after the accident, 64 deformed skulls or no eyes that he saw Kalynets, editor of the independent People's Deputies. deformed animals were registered, during his visit to the farm. journal Yevshan Zillia. On Monday, the day of Mr. among them 37 pigs and 27 calves, while "My daughter got married recently, "I was just walking out of my building Gorbachev's visit, some 5,000 people in the first nine months of 1988, 76 such what will my grandchild look like?" when all of a sudden I was arrested," . gathered in October Revolution Square cases were reported. During a five-year cried an old woman who pushed an Mr. Hel was quoted as saying in a to protest against Mr. Shcherbytsky period before the April 1986 accident eyeless pig toward the Moscow News telephone interview, The Post reported and demand the formation of a only three such births were document­ correspondent. on February 22. "They obviously didn't Ukrainian popular front. During the want us around when Gorbachev came Monday rally someone in the crowd to town." reportedly held up the blue and yellow "What they did, in arresting us, flag of the Ukrainian National Republic Party, writers clash on creation ignores the most elementary laws we are causing a melee between plainclothes supposed to live by," The Post quoted police and activists. The police, of popular front in Ukraine Bohdan Horyn as having said. however, were unsuccessful in their Upon arrival in Lviv, the Soviet attempt to seize the flag because a large crowd surrounded its bearer in order by Bohdan Nahaylo Shcherbytsky — the man appointed by leader was reportedly greeted by First to protect him, reported the UHU press Leonid Brezhnev in 1972 to suppress all Secretary Pohrebniak of the Lviv service. A serious dispute has broken out in forms of Ukrainian national asser- Communist Party, Lviv poet Roman Kiev that threatens to widen the already tiveness — made it clear that they were Lubkivsky and a group of children Two more days of demonstrations broad rift between the Communist anxious not to allow Ukraine to go the dressed in Ukrainian national costume, concerning the March 26 elections took Party authorities in Ukraine and the way of the Baltic republics. who welcomed him with the traditional place in Kiev's city center to protest the nationally minded Ukrainian intelli­ The new groups were not allowed to bread and salt. unfairness of the elections, according to gentsia led by the Writers' Union of hold gatherings, unauthorized public Mr. Gorbachev was driven to the city the Associated Press. Ukraine, Since November, leading meetings were broken up and dissenters center in front of the Lviv Opera On Tuesday, February 21, protesters Ukrainian writers have been calling for, were harassed, detained, and attacked Theater where scores of police and KGB displayed an eight-foot replica of a and attempting to form, a mass-based in the press. Through the use of strong- had condoned off the area from angry ballot with the names of the candidates Ukainian organization on the model of arm tactics the fledgling popular fronts protesters and allowed in only three crossed out and criticized the the Baltic popular fronts. in Lviv and Kiev were effectively busloads of people selected from among government's failure to permit multi- The party authorities in Kiev, ho­ stifled, though not snuffed out comp­ employees of local factories by area candidate elections. Mr. Shcherbytsky's wever, appear as determined as ever not letely. officials. name was crossed out on the protesters' to allow such a movement for national "Gorbachev spoke a great deal about banner, as were the names of other renewal and genuine restructuring to Writers revive the idea openness and reform, but what actually Ukrainian officials. A poster in the come into being regardless of whether happened was just the opposite," Mr. crowd reportedly said: "Fear! Why is its organizers are dissidents or repre­ During the next few months, the Hel was quoted as saying. "The people there only one candidate on the ballot?" sentatives of the Ukrainian cultural contrast between the remarkable suc­ were told to ask Gorbachev about Oles Shevchenko, head of UHU's establishment, including party mem­ cesses of the Baltic popular fronts and housing problems, and so on, but Kiev branch, told the AP that virtually bers. the continuing "stagnation" in Ukraine nothing really acute or about the all Ukrainian leaders were running under Mr. Shcherbytsky contributed to national situation. Gorbachev was unopposed and voters seeking For related story, see page 2 the growth oi Irustration and radica- deceived if he believes this was alternatives would only be able to cross lization among nationally minded representative." out their names. Meanwhile the party Last summer, attempts were made by elements of the Ukrainian population. Some protesters did manage to break had promised that the March 26 "informal groups" in both the western There were even signs of admiration for through the police barricades, but by elections would offer more than one Ukrainian city of Lviv and in the what the Baits were doing within the that time the Soviet leader had entered candidate for seats in the new all-union Ukrainian capital, Kiev, to follow the Ukrainian Komsomol. the opera house to view a performance, legislature. example of the Baits and to launch Nevertheless, although as early July the UHU press service reported. Mr. Protesters were confronted with popular movements in support of rest­ 1988, Ivan Drach, the Ukrainian poet Gorbachev also toured the local competing demonstrators who, activists ructuring. The Ukrainian authorities, and chairman of the Kiev Branch of the television factory before returning to claimed, were government agents. however, still headed by Voioaymyr (Continued on page 10) Kiev, where he was confronted by angry (Continued on page 14) A GLIMPSE OF SOVIET REALITY GLASNOST DIARY: Party attacks Ukrainian writers recording changes in the USSR for proposing front program interested in the music we made, so that M.B.A. in USSR? always made me very optimistic about the relations between our countries. It by Bohdan Nahaylo From what can be gleaned from the The first Soviet business school didn't put us off Russians. We love you material published by the two newspa­ recently opened in Kiev, the capital of — madly," Mr. McCartney said. Leading members of the Writers' pers, the draft program has a broad Ukraine. Its founder, Sergei Berezo- Union of Ukraine have come under scope and deals with political, econo­ venko, a U.S.-trained business graduate strong attack from party ideologues and mic, language and ecological issues. The in the Ukrainian media for proposing a writers are accused of maintaining that hopes to train Soviet managers to do Trick or treat? radical program for a Baltic-type U- political reform has not moved very far, business with the capitalist world. Stuck for a costume idea for Hal­ krainian popular movement for restruc­ and that only through the active and The school, named Biznex, also plans loween? The Soviets are offering a few turing. Among other things, they have mass involvement of "ordinary citizens" to offer courses to help guide bewil­ suggestions, the Associated Press re­ been accused of seeking to form a will the system be "smashed" and real dered foreign businessmen through the cently reported. political opposition party and of failing change achieved. Soviet bureaucratic maze, Agence In Moscow's Ismailovo Park, an to learn lessons from the "mistakes" Expressing, in effect, no confidence France Presse recently reported. It is open marketplace, artists and crafts­ supposedly made by the leaders of the in the existing party and state apparatus run as a cooperative and currently has men are selling masks depicting the Estonian Popular Front. in Ukraine, the writers are said to some 30 students, who, according to ghoulish faces of Stalin and Brezhnev at The Communist Party authorities in advocate that "the Popular Movement Mr. Berezovenko are often baffled by about $40 a piece. Kiev led by First Secretary Volodymyr of Ukraine become the genuine express­ the methods used to set prices in The Brezhnev mask comes complete Shcherbytsky have made it clear all ion of the united will of the Ukrainian capitalist countries. with bushy black eyebrows, eyeglasses along that they will not tolerate the nation, people of other nations who live Biznex also plans to launch a quart­ and wrinkles, and the Stalin face has a creation of a Ukrainian popular move­ in Ukraine, and of the interests of erly business magazine in Russian, thick mustache and a large nose to ment along the line of the Baltic popular Ukrainians who live outside our repub­ Ukrainian and English. The school, mock his Georgian features. The AP fronts. Having heavy-handedly blocked lic." which is headed by Mr. Berezovenko, points out that hanging on a piece of efforts by members of "informal" In the economic sphere, the writers will focus its courses mainly on practical plywood next to Stalin and Brezhnev groups in Lviv and Kiev to establish are said to want the citizens of the aspects of international trade, such as were masks of a gorilla and various such an organization, the Shcherbytsky Ukrainian SSR to have control over transport, insurance and customs for­ monsters. regime has recently had to contend with and ownership of the republic's re­ malities. a challenge from the Ukrainian Writers' sources and means of production. The Political buttons, T-shirts, paintings Union which, in November 1988, decid­ existing system is apparently described and wooden dolls parodying the former ed to give the matter another push. in the draft program as "in essence, anti- "Those Ukraine girls. Soviet leaders have also become po­ Despite pressure from the Kiev au­ human and anti-socialist." pular selling items in this era of pe­ thorities, the Ukrainian Writers' Union Furthermore, it seems that the docu­ Although it has been more than 20 restroika. formed an initiative group led by the ment contains strong criticism of the years since the Beatles wrote "Back in The political buttons offer such poet and party member Ivan Drach, to extent of Moscow's, or "the center's," the USSR," they never got the opportu­ slogans as "Boris, you are right," draft a program of a "Ukrainian Popu­ powers, and that the latter is also nity to sing it to the girls of the Soviet referring to former Moscow party chief lar Movement in Support of Restruc­ blamed for the serious environmental republics. Boris Yeltsin, who lost his job for turing." This move was supported by problems facing the republic. The With the advent of giasnost it seems pushing too hard for reform, and the Institute of Literature of the Ukrain­ writers seek fundamental changes in that Paul McCartney, co-author of the "Yegor, you are not right" referring to ian SSR Academy of Sciences and Soviet economic policies and capital song, may go to the Soviet Union to sing conservative Politburo member Yegor various informal groups. investment priorities, and a shift of the one of the Beatles' most popular hits. Ligachev. Yet another button proclaims The "Initiative Group" went ahead emphasis to scientifically based indus­ Although at this point, he has no firm the wearer a "Veteran of the Cold War." with its work and on January 31 pre­ tries and "ecologically clean" ones. plans to make the trip, he stated: "Other sented a draft program for discussion to In the language sphere, the program people go to Russia and they sing 'Back a plenum of the Kiev branch of the apparently contains demands that in the USSR,' I think it's about time I "Konnichiwa" in Kiev Writers' Union. The document was Ukrainian not only be made the official went back and sang it." Japanese trading companies have strongly criticized at the meeting by the language of the Ukrainian SSR, but Mr. McCartney expressed these expressed an interest in setting up head of the Ideology Department of the also that residents of Ukraine no longer thoughts during a 55-minute live phone- offices in Kiev, according to recent Central Committee of the Communist be allowed the option of sending their in radio show produced by the BBC. reports in the Tokyo media. Party of Ukraine, Leonid Kravchuk. children to schools where there is no During this period, more than 1,000 Nonetheless, although the writers teaching of Ukrainian. In other words, Soviet callers tried to get through, Although the requests to the Soviet yielded somewhat, they refused to the writers insist that all citizens of about five times as may as tried to reach government have been unofficial to abandon their scheme, and demanded Ukraine should learn the Ukrainian Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher date, the Japanese companies have that the draft program be published in language. during a similar call-in in July 1988. stated that they intend to gain a foot­ the press. Representatives of the nationally While Beatlemania spread through­ hold in Ukraine, which, they said, The party's public attack against the minded Ukrainian intelligentsia have out the West in the 1960s, the Fabulous features the largest farming area in the writers began on February 5 with two long argued that unless this becomes Four were not allowed to perform in the Soviet Union and prosperous light appearances by Mr. Kravchuk on law it will be impossible to reduce the Soviet Union. Their records were smug­ industries. Ukrainian television, in which he stress­ momentum that Russification has gled in and became popular black- There has been no word from the ed that the proposed program went attained in the republic. Here, needless market items among the youth of the Soviet foreign economic officials, ho­ against the laws and Constitution of the to say, the official counter-argument Soviet Union. wever, Ukraine and its capital city were Soviet Union and questioned the writ­ was repeated by the two newspapers: "We'd always heard the young people said to be willing to accommodate the ers' right to speak on behalf of the U- that this demand is undemocratic. were buying our records and were companies, reported sources in Tokyo. krainian nation. In the attacks, the writers are depict­ Two days later, the Ukrainian party ed as intellectuals who have failed to and government daily Radianska U- consult the workers and peasants of kraina published a long article con­ Ukraine before drawing up their pro­ FOUNDED 1933 demning the position taken by the gram and who are questioning the Ukrainian Weekly writers, and the following day, the leading role of the party. They are also workers' daily Robitnycha Hazeta accused of seeking "to created struc­ An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National joined in the campaign. tures, which despite their declared Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. The attacks on the writers by the two loyalty, would adhere to confrontation­ 07302. newspapers shed light on the nature of al positions." the draft program for a Ukrainian Radianska Ukraina questions wheth­ Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. popular front and the obstructive er the envisaged popular movement (ISSN - 0273-9348) attitude of the Shcherbytsky apparatus. would even adhere to "socialist" and It appears that the document is virtually "internationalist" positions. It reiterates Yearly subscription rate: $20; for UNA members — $10. as radical as the program adopted by a warning made by Mr. Kravchuk at the Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. the Estonian and Latvian popular writers' plenum on January 31, namely fronts, and that the Ukrainian literary that Communist Party members cannot The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: elite is pushing for the restoration of be part of such an organization. (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 (201) 451-2200 Despite the offensive against the genuine sovereignty for the Ukrainian Postmaster, send address SSR. writers and their draft program, strong changes to: Editor: Roma Hadzewycz Robitnycha Hazeta, echoing the line support for the idea of a Ukrainian Associate Editors: Marta Kolomayets espoused by Mr. Kravchuk, charges popular movement in support of re­ The Ukrainian Weekly P.O. Box 346 that the proposed program is "a mani­ structuring was voiced at the inaugural Chrystyna Lapychak Jersey City, N.J. 07303 festo of political demands," and an conference of the Taras Shevchenko attempt to set up "an alternative politi­ Ukjajriian Language Society, which The Ukrainian Weekly, February 2$, ,1,9,89, No. 9.,VqI. LVU cal structure to the CPSU"(Communist waYfield in Kiev on February 11 andi2. Copyright 1989 by The Ukrainian Weekly Party of the Soviet Union). (Continued on page 13) Freedom House survey says USSR Sakharov says Soviets, Russian Church shows improvement in freedoms are stalling on legalization of UCC

NEW YORK — Freedom House, in liberties, earing a freedom rating of 11. its annual Comparative Survey of In comparison, the United States, Freedom, has concluded that "the which earned ratings of 1 in both Soviet Union is a much freer country dimensions, had a freedom rating of 2. today than at any time since the 1920s. Poland had scores of 5 on each The results of the survey were re­ dimension, and a freedom rating of 10, leased in the January-February issue while Rumania had the worst possible of Freedom at Issue, the magazine score, a freedom rating of 14. published by Freedom House, an or­ Czechoslovakia had a 7 in political ganization dedicated to promoting rights and a 6 in civil liberties, and democratic institutions throughout the Hungary scored 5 on political rights world. and 4 on civil liberties. Raymond Gastil, director of the The Comparative Survey of Freedom Comparative Survey of Freedom, found that 38.86 percent of the world's noted, "World progress toward free­ population lives in free states and dom and democracy in 1987 was territories (those with freedom ratings strengthened and reinforced in 1988." between 2 and 5); 20.05 percent in As regards the USSR, he noted: "In partly free states and territories (free­ 1988 liberalization in the Soviet Union dom ratings 6-10); and 41.09 percent in continued and accelerated. With all the not free states and territories (freedom Yelena Bonner and Dr. Andrei Sakharov at a press conference in Ottawa. caveats that must be made, including ratings 11-14). regional variations in the rate of change, Mr. Gastil includes the USSR in the by Andrij Hluchowecky ian national front, similar to those in the the Soviet Union is a much freer coun­ section of his article subtitled "Signi­ Ukrainian Information Bureau Baltic republics. try today than at any time since the ficant Advances in Freedom." Follow­ Speaking through a translator, Dr. 1920s." ing is his assessment of Soviet develop­ OTTAWA — Soviet human rights Sakharov indicated that he favors The survey measures freedom in two ments. activist Andrei Sakharov lashed out at tougher environmental protection laws, dimensions: political rights, defined as Soviet authorities and the Russian including the banning of all above- rights to participate meaningfully in the * • * Orthodox hierarchy for continuing to ground nuclear power plants as a way of political process; and civil liberties, stall on the legalization of the Ukrain­ preventing the kind of castastrophe that rights to free expression, to organize On a worldwide scale, the liberaliza­ ian Catholic Church in Ukraine. struckChornobyl in April 1986. and demonstrate, to practice religion, tion in the USSR is perhaps the most During a two-hour news conference He also went on record as supporting travel, obtain an education and other significant gain for freedom. In political on Sunday, February 12, Dr. Sakharov a special commission to control the personal liberties. rights this has meant a partial opening called on the Soviet government and the Soviet secret police (KGB), the Ministry The survey rates each of the dimen­ up of the decision-making process Russian Orthodox Church to demon­ of the Interior and the Ministry of sions on a scale of 1 to 7, with 7 denoting within the Communist Party, and more strate a more flexible attitude toward Defense, special pensions for those who the least free and 1 the most free. The effective and lively legislative bodies at the Ukrainian Catholic Church's desire suffered under Soviet dictator Joseph figures for political rights and civil all levels of the formal government. Yet for legalization. Stalin, and a complete overhaul of liberties are then added to yield a most of the decision-making process at "I find it hard to believe that such a Soviet history. "freedom rating" ranging between 2 and the highest levels remains shrouded in big group, community and Church is On the matter of the Soviet invasion 14. mystery. still practically in an illegal position," of Afghanistan, Dr. Sakharov told the Thus, the USSR received a score of 6 The demands of the peoples of the said Dr. Sakharov responding to a assembled journalists that much of the for political rights and 5 for civil (Continued on page 14) question from the Ukrainian Informa­ Soviet population is in the dark con­ tion Bureau based in Ottawa. cerning the Soviet involvement in "I hope that the Soviet authorities Afghanistan over the past decade. will change their position on this issue," "When we are speaking of Afghani­ Ukrainian American Coordinating Council Dr. Sakharov continued, "and I also stan, we have no feelings of pride, we hope for a change in the position of the feel very ashamed of that aggression," slates convention, National Council session hierarchy of the Russian Orthodox he stated. Church. I consider it a very, very "It was Brezhnev's adventure, but we NEW YORK — The Ukrainian A- American central organization. important issue." actually still do not know who made merican Coordinating Council has Eugene Stakhiv, Roman Danyluk The 67-year-old physicist arrived in that decision and who started it all," slated its next convention for October and Volodymyr Procyk noted that the Ottawa last Saturday night, February continued Dr. Sakharov, "at the mo­ 20-22 in Philadelphia, and the next situation had not changed, and that the 11, with his wife, Yelena Bonner, 65, for ment, the Soviet people not only do not meeting of its National Council for UCCA continued to insist at Ignatius a five-day visit to Canada, highlighted know who initiated that adventure, but Saturday, March 4, in New York City. Billinsky, who is to serve as honorary by meetings with Prime Minister Brian they do not know what actually happen­ These were among the decisions president, be given a vote, that nine Mulroney and External Affairs Minis­ ed in Afghanistan and the atrocities the made at a meeting of the UACCouncirs UCCA branches be represented on the ter Joe Clark. Soviet Army participated in." executive committee which met here on National Council, and that the position During the news conference, Dr. During the press conference, Dr. January 11. of executive vice-president be divided Sakharov reiterated his support for Bonner created a slight controversy by The National Council session will among two persons, each serving two Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of glas­ stating that 90 percent of Soviets who begin at 10 a.m. The meeting will bring years. The UACCouncil has rejected nost and perestroika, but stressed that leave the Soviet Union are not political together delegates of national organiza­ these demands of the UCCA. there were some very serious shortcom­ refugees, but people looking for a tions and Churches, as well as represen­ John O. Flis, president of the UAC­ ings in the Soviet leader's domestic higher standard of living in the West. tatives of UACCouncil branches Council, reported that the organization policies. "I don't see why Soviet Jews who throughout the country. had received a letter from Bishop Basil Though "the great majority" of leave for the United States because As regards the central organization's Losten, who is overseeing negotiations Soviet political prisoners of conscience that country offers an easier life, more convention, it was decided that it would between the three segments of the imprisoned before 1987 have been freedom and a better future have a be held at the Adams Mark Hotel in organized Ukrainian American com­ released by Mr. Gorbachev, Dr. Sakha­ greater right to refugee status than any Philadelphia. Dr. Bohdan Shebunchak munity, urging that the negotiations rov said he felt disheartened by the other ethnic group leaving any other was directed to establish an organizing toward unity be stepped up in the name recent arrests of Ukrainian and totalitarian state," she said. and program committee to prepare the Armenian activists. He referred to these of patriotism. Dr. Sakharov said he agreed with his convention. jailings as an "unfortunate step back­ wife's remarks. In other matters, the executive com­ Mr. Flis pointed out that such letters ward." Others, he said, remain in The comments drew the ire of several mittee discussed the recent Fifth World had been sent only to the UACCouncil, psychiatric prisons. Jewish community leaders in Canada. Congress of Free Ukrainians — both and not to the UCCA. It was decided Dr. Sakharov also stated that Mr. its positive and negative points. that the UACCouncil would send a Gorbachev is still moving too slowly to Dr. Sakharov, who spent more than Among the highlights of the con­ letter to the hierarch urging that the satisfy the nationalist aspirations of the six years in internal exile in the closed clave, the officers agreed, was the same type of letter should be addressed Soviet Union's ethnic minorities. city of Gorky before being freed by presence and active participation of to the UCCA,while noting that the Ukrainians recently presented Mr. General Secretary Gorbachev, was Ukrainian rights activists, as well as UACCouncil has already agreed to Gorbachev with a tirade of complaints recently nominated as a candidate for a messages addressed to the congress several compromises regarding its about living standards, nuclear power seat in the March 26 elections to the from rights activists in Ukraine. Thus, it position on a unified central organiza­ and the lack of real reforms in Ukraine Congress of People's Deputies. He was noted, represented at the congress tion. during his visit to the Ukrainian capital discounted press reports that he had were not only the Ukrainian diaspora, Also on the meeting's agenda were city of Kiev on February 20. decided not to run for election. but Ukraine itself. reports by the treasurer, Mr. Danyluk, The several thousands who rallied A winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in The UACCouncil's representatives at who noted that contributions to the prior to his visit, demanded the ouster 1975, Dr. Sakharov has been a long­ negotiations with the Ukrainian Con­ Ukrainian Community runa and to the of Ukrainian Communist Party chief time defender of human rights in the gress Committee of America and the WCFU had increased markedly during Volodymyr Shcherbytsky, the last Soviet Union. Dr. Bonner, a physician, Conference of Neutral Organizations the previous two months, and by the major holdover from the era of the late has been active in the movement for reported on the continuing talks toward corresponding secretary, Roman Bara- Leonid Brezhnev. Demonstrators also over 20 years. They have been married re-establishment of a single Ukrainian nowsky. called for the establishment of a Ukrain­ since 1971. ; York University symposium on "Glasnost in Soviet Ukraine"

Panelists offer diverse opinions GldSHOSt and perestroika: of glasnost in realm of politics overview of unfolding processes He also stated that while much is by Roma Hadzewycz by Dr. Bohdan Krawchenko Ludmilla Alexeyeva thinks that over 3 being said about the crimes of Joseph million people are members of groups NORTH YORK, Ontario — Glas­ Stalin, it is not appropriate to place all CONCLUSION with a distinctly political profile. In­ nost in the sphere of politics was the blame for these crimes only on him. formal groups publish their own sa- discussed during three panel presenta­ "Stalinists continue to serve in their The greatest achievements of glasnost mizdat bulletins, organize conferences, tions over the course of three days posts," he said, adding "How can and perestroika have been in that hold discussions and concerts, and they at York University's symposium "Glas­ restructuring include those who were seemingly most ethereal of realms — have held large demonstrations and nost in Soviet Ukraine." responsible for constructing (a system) consciousness. The leading role here is have articulated alternative political Panelists included former Soviet of injustice?" played by newspapers, journals and the programs. political prisoners, scholars from Ca­ The Ukrainian Orthodox cleric cited mass media. Indicative of renewed These groups are the harbingers of nada and England, and the first secre­ the example of the mass graves of interest in public affairs is the fact that genuine political pluralism. Whereas in tary of the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa. persons killed during the Stalin regime newspaper circulation increased by the past between the state and society As could be expected, the speakers' in Kurapaty Forest, near Minsk, Bye­ some 5 million. (As one Moscow wit there were no intermediary groups to assessments of the progress of glas­ lorussia. Some 50 common graves have noted, "To read, is after all, more aggregate and articulate demands, nost and perestroika in Ukraine differed been found, he said. "These people were joyful than to live.") For the Gorbachev today an infrastructure of sorts is widely, and thus the symposium did shot by persons who today receive leadership, a freer press was essential if beginning to develop. If the atomization indeed accomplish what Prof. Orest government pensions," he commented. the reform process was not to stagnate, of society was the key mechanism in Subtelny, coordinator of the politics "They should publicly admit their and it was also a precondition for maintaining social control in the past, panels, had said in his opening remarks crimes and ask for forgiveness." winning the intelligentsia to the Gor­ the development of informal groups was its goal: to present various view­ In the realm of religion, the Rev. bachev camp. If a precondition of represents the first real break in this points. Romaniuk said certain religious de­ change is an awareness that the old method of maintaining domination. nominations still are forbidden: the system is not viable, than glasnost has The party is particularly jittery about Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox The dissidents' views accomplished this task. But it has had the rise of these groups, and police Church, the Ukrainian Catholic Church some unintended consequences as well. harassment of the informals is an The first group of panelists to dis­ and the Initiative Baptists ("Initsiaty- The first is that it has allowed reform almost daily occurrence. The fear of the cuss the topic included Ukainian na­ vnyky"). He also cited the shortage of alternatives to be posed which were not informals was clearly expressed by I.I. tional and human rights activists who religious publications, such as prayer- necessarily favored by the party leader­ Antonovich, the Central Committee now reside in North America: the Rev. books and catechisms, and commented ship. As one delegate to the June 1988 representative in a round table discus­ Vasyl Romaniuk, Petro Ruban and that some of the 100,000 Ukrainian- conference complained, "the freewheel­ sion on political and social pluralism Danylo Shumuk. Roman Yereniuk of language Bibles recently shipped to U- ing referendum" on the future of the published in a recent issue of Sotsio- St. Andrew's College, University of kraine are now being sold for 50 kar- Manitoba, served as chairperson of the bovantsi each, even though they were to session held on Sunday afternoon, be a gift to the faithful in Ukraine. ...for the first time since the 1920s the Ukrainian January 29. Mr. Ruban spoke about his idea of intelligentsia has a relatively unfettered access to After acknowledging that there is promoting cooperatives in Ukraine and more freedom, regarding what people reported that for this purpQJSe ,four the population. When Ukrainian writers speak to a can talk and write about, and fewer months ago he had begun organizing an restrictions on leaving the USSR, the American-Canadian association of mass audience of workers in Zaporizhzhia and Rev. Romaniuk pointed out that the supporters. discuss with them problems of Ukrainian culture, Soviet Union still recognizes only one He said he saw the opportunity party. "For balance, for fruitful discus­ provided by new Soviet laws that allow something profound and very significant is hap­ sions, another political party is needed," cooperatives as a chance to help the pening: a new national awareness is being formed. he said. (Continued on page 11) country is producing a "cornucopia of logicheskie Issledovaniya. He said, "I heresies" (such as the idea of a multi­ do not see informal groups as carriers of party system, the abolition of the pluralism. The informals represent an nomenklatura, genuine self-manage­ alternative political power. Today they ment, the sovereignty of the republics, or say that their movement represents the the Ukrainianization of public life in peaceful working out of alternatives — Ukraine.) The debate has politicized the but in reality, this is a battle for power. population and encouraged individuals And I know of only one dynamic of and groups to become involved in the power: no institution surrenders it political process. voluntarily." Secondly, the honest accounts of the But as events in the Baltics have colossal injustices and crimes of Soviet shown, civil society may exert such history — the famine, the purges — and pressure that the party will have to of the unforgivable inefficiency with accommodate a new political force. I which Soviet affairs have been con­ am, of course, referring to the rise of the ducted have had the effect of under­ people's fronts. In Estonia, for instance, mining the legitimacy of the system. the people's front claims the allegiance Moderator Andrew Yereniuk (left) with former Soviet political prisoners (from Unable to base its legitimacy upon its of 90 percent of Estonians and 10 left) Petro Ruban, Danylo Shumuk and the Rev. Vasyl Romaniuk. continuity with the past, the party has percent of Russians in the republic. had to assert its right to rule on the basis Fronts are now being organized in of its ability to become the engine of (Continued on page 9) reform. This is an important shift in Soviet politics. The rise of civil society is yet another major, but unintended, consequence of glasnost and perestroika. This refers above all to the establishment of in­ dependent political, social and cultural associations commonly called "in­ formal groups" or "the informals." Today, there are probably 40^000 such groups in the USSR, and some 70 million people are involved in them.

Bohdan Krawchenko is director of the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Alberta and associate professor of the Department of Slavic and East European Studies, The address above was delivered at the dinner that opened the York Univer­ Yuri Bogayevsky (seated), first secretary of the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa, speaks sity symposium liGlasnost in Soviet as Prof. Orest Subtelny looks on. Ukraine " on Saturday, January 28. Dr. Bohdan Krawchenko Detroit District Committee holds annual meeting by Stephen M. Wichar

WARREN, Mich. — In retrospect, it appears the Home Office of the Ukrai­ nian National Association is indeed fortunate to have an experienced and viable fraternal grouping in the Me­ tropolitan Detroit area. Although this District Committee also encompasses Windsor, Ontario, and Toledo, Ohio, the hub of fraternal activities is Detroit. This is evidenced in the prominent UNA commitments within the Ukrainian community. On Sunday afternoon, January 29, at the UNWLA home in Warren, Mich., the leadership of UNA's Detroit Dis­ trict Committee convened an annual Participants of the Detroit District Committee meeting. meeting with a primary goal to develop noon, Dr. Alexander Serafyn and Mr. Tatarsky also stressed that Olha Marischak, chairman of the and implement an agenda for UNA's Roman Lazarchuk assumed the roles of concerted unity among branches can be auditing committee, confirmed the 95th anniversary. chairman and secretary, respectively. A achieved only through planned ac­ financial report and made a motion to The meeting was formally called to longtime UNA activist, nonagenarian tivities, "this is why UNA has been retire the officers with a vote of con­ order by Roman Tatarsky, UNA Sup­ Michael Babyj, was invited to serve on successful in Michigan/' said Mr. fidence. reme Assembly member and chairman the presidium. Tatarsky. Mr. Flis was then introduced. He of Detroit's District Committee. He Dr. Serafyn called on Mr. Lazar­ Additional reports were given by Dr. stated that despite a membership loss of welcomed John Flis, UNA supreme chuk to read the minutes of January 31, Serafyn, Irene Pryjma, Wasyl Papiz 2,028, the amount of insurance sold was president, officers and delegates. The 1988. Officers of the Detroit District and Mr. Lazarchuk. greater. "Our people," he said, "are excellent turnout of more than 30 proceeded to give their reports begin­ A more detailed report was pre­ more aware of insurance needs and UNA'ers represented the most regular ning with the chairman, Mr. Tatarsky. sented by Yaroslaw Baziuk, financial subsequently buy larger sums." He also and active assemblies. Dissappoin- He redefined the objectives of local secretary. One of the more successful noted that the Detroit District was in tingly, however, only seven out of 20 UNA branches and detailed the activi­ activities of 1988 was the UNA-spon- fourth place after Philadelphia Pitts­ listed branches were represented. ties which transpired during the Millen­ sored appearance of the Barvinok burgh and Chicago, attaining 84 per­ A memorial prayer was then said for nium year. A special commendation ensemble. Mr. Baziuk reported that cent of its quota by enrolling 94 new departed officers and members. In the was extended to Petro Zaluha, retiring more than $9,000 was earned for this members out of an expected 119. "Ma- selection of a presidium for the after- financial secretary of Branch 183. group in a sell-out performance. (Continued on page 14) INTERVIEW: Supreme Secretary Walter Sochan speaks on UNA's record

The following is a translation from convention of 1974 I took the position and The Ukrainian Weekly. Ukrainian of a recent interview with of supreme secretary. The titles of the To these greatest accomplishments of Walter Sochan, supreme secretary of positions kept on changing, but the the UNA, we must also add the publica­ the Ukrainian National Association, responsibilities stayed the same, though tion of two volumes of the English- conducted by Svoboda editor Olha they continued to increased language Ukraine: A Concise Encyclo­ Kuzmowycz. The interview appears in pedia. Until 1970 the UNA and the the 1989 UNA Almanac. In this inter­ Is there a moment of success during Ukrainian community grew and the view Mr. Sochan describes his views of your tenure that you most fondly recall climactic moments of their growth were the UNA's achievements and aspira­ and that you feel was an accomplish­ these events. tions on the occasion of the 95th ment for the UNA? anniversary of the UNA. In our next Do you believe that joining the UNA issue: an interview with Supreme Trea­ The greatest suceess of the UNA, as remains a community responsibility; surer Ulana Diachuk. well as for the entire Ukrainian com­ can the new insurance policies interest munity in America during my tenure younger people who dont feel commu­ was the erection and dedication of the nity sentiment? Taras Shevchenko monument in Wash­ How long have you worked for the ington, when the dedication ceremony Buying insurance and membership in UNA and in what positions? attracted more than 100,000 Ukrain­ the UNA should be a community re­ ians. This was undoubtedly the greatest sponsibility for all Ukrainians who This is my 40th year at the UNA. achievement of the UNA, which initia­ cherish the fate of our nation as well as Three months after my arrival in Ameri­ ted the action of the building of a the future of our community in dias­ ca, I was offered a job in the UNA's Shevchenko memorial and the forma­ pora. But the current new classes and Recording Department and in June tion of a separate Shevchenko Memori­ new UNA insurance certificates are so 1949, I left a nearby bank and began al Committee of America. The UNA good, so beneficial for members, and so UNA Supreme Secretary Walter work at the UNA, though for a some­ played a leading role in all attempts and competitive, that the new generation of Sochan what smaller salary than at the bank. I struggles for permission to build this young Ukrainians, who are primarily established by its founders who believed chose the UNA because I wanted to memorial in Washington, and finally concerned with good life insurance, can that life insurance was a good base for work for a Ukrainian institution in the was deeply involved in the dedication of be interested in them. the realization of all of these goals and service of the Ukrainian people. the memorial, when all members of the UNA life insurance is the source of plans. My first boss was Supreme Secretary Supreme A^acmuiy John Demjanjuk's final appeal to Statement update Sen. Dennis DeConcini (D-Ariz.) the Israeli Supreme Court may have been out of the public eye of late. spoke about the human rights move­ However, there have been some startling developments in the case. In his Senate remarks on February 2, ment in Czechoslovakia and the in­ Among them is a revelation that a Treblinka survivor, Richard Sen. Alan Dixon (D-IH.) stated: "I am creased repression by that government. completely committed to self-deter­ He also informed his colleagues that he Glazar of Switzerland, had been pressured by Israeli authorities not to mination and freedom for Ukraine... and his Helsinki Commission co-chair­ speak about the case, and evidence that that U.S. Justice Department's For, when we support the people of man Rep. Steny Hoyer (D-Md.) have Nazi-hunting arm, the Office of Special Investigations, itself had Ukraine, we support the pursuance of nominated Vaclav Havel, a playwright questioned Mr. Glazar in 1979. When the Demjanjuk defense liberty in the United States and every­ and human rights activist in Czechoslo­ attempted to obtain the OSI's notes from an interview with Mr. where." He closed his remarks by vakia who is currently imprisoned, for Glazar, through a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit, the OSI quoting Taras Shevchenko: "Ukraine the 1989 Nobel Peace Prize. That same refused to turn them over. awaits its own Gen. Washington!" day, Rep. Hoyer spoke of the plight of More recently, when the defense learned that the OSI also had in its That same day, his Illinois colleague, Augustin Navratil, a railway worker possession 1979 statements by Kurt Franz and Franz Suchomel, both Sen. Paul Simon (D-Ill.) saluted the who penned a 31-point petition calling of whom served at Treblinka, and both of whom, it is believed, said Polish Roman Catholic Union of Ame­ for religious freedom in Czechoslo­ vakia. He is currently being held in a Mr. Demjanjuk is not "Ivan the Terrible." These, too, the OSI has not rica which celebrated its 115th an­ niversary on December 3, 1988. Mean­ psychiatric ward despite the declaration provided to the defense. while Rep. James Traficant Jr. (D- by Swiss doctors that his mental state Then, another piece of evidence emerged — evidence that, Ohio) paid tribute to the members of Ss. was within normal limits. according to Holocaust historian Gitta Sereny (see Press Review, page Cyril and Methodius Parish on the 60th 8), "raises doubts about the (Israeli) prosecution's trial tactics, anniversary of the founding of their demolishes its established position and puts the defense's position at parish. The church, located in Warren, Legislation update grave risk." This evidence, she wrote, "may lead the appeals court to serves the city's Slovak Catholic com­ require the trial judges to reconsider their verdict." munity. On January 25, Sen. Strom Thur­ The reference is to a March 1978 letter written by Suchomel to a In his remarks about Ukrainian mond (R-S.C.) introduced S.J. Res. 18 which would authorize a monument in researcher studying the fate of Italian Jews. In the letter, Suchomel Independence Day, Rep. James Bilb- Washington to Gen. Draza Mihailo- says that Ivan, one of the two gas-chamber fillers at Treblinka, was in ray (D-Nev.) stated that "unlike a developing country, newly emerged vich, who is credited with saving the Trieste and was probably shot along with the other gas-chamber filler, lives of more than 500 U.S. airmen in from the grasp of a colonial power, Nikolai. The Suchomel letter actually supports a statement by Gustav Yugoslavia during World War II. In his Ukraine is a part of one of the last Munzberger who also said Ivan was in Trieste. The Suchomel letter remarks about the legislation, the colonial powers on our planet." Stating establishes that Ivan was in Trieste at the same time that other senator pointed out that Gen. Mihailo- that Ukraine is "the second largest vich was tragically abandoned by the testimony given by Soviet citizen Ignat Danilchenko in 1979 places country in Europe," he reminded his Allies and was forced to fight both the him in Flossenberg. colleagues that decisions "are made not Nazis and Communists. The result of all this conflicting testimony? Questions. Was Mr. in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, but in Demjanjuk in Sobibor in 1943 as Danilchenko claimed, or was he in Moscow." He also referenced the free­ That same day, Sen. Alfonse D'Ama- to (R-N.Y.) introduced S.J.Res. 25 Treblinka as survivors said. And, after the death camps were closed doms and rights outlined in the Third Universal, which the UNA distributed which would designate the week of May down, had he gone to Trieste, or to Flossenberg? 7 through May 14, 1989, as "Jewish Ms. Sereny notes that there is no doubt Ivan was in Trieste. She to Members of Congress. Rep. Brian Donnelly (D-Mass.) Heritage Week." Co-sponsoring the questions the tactics of the prosecution and says it has made a "grave legislation were Sens. Daniel Patrick error." "The central problem — a moral as well as a legal one — is that spoke on February 2 about the 71st Moynihan (D-N.Y.), Rudy Boschwitz anniversary of Lithuanian Independen­ they knew about Danilchenko's statement, just as they knew that Ivan (R-Minn.), Joseph Lieberman (D- ce Day. had been in Trieste. It seems at the very least irresponsible not to have Conn.), Carl Levin (D-Mich.) and Also on that day, Rep. Dean Gallo Howard Metzenbaum (D-Ohio). found a way of informing the judges of these most important and (R-N.J.) spoke about Ukrainian Inde­ totally irreconcilable facts." Also on January 27, Rep. Howard pendence Day. He stated that "through­ Berman (D-Calif.) introduced H.R. Ms. Sereny concludes that the verdict is now compromised, and the out the United States, 100 Ukrainian 672, a bill to amend the Immigration death sentence has become unthinkable. "What is at issue now is not parishes are recognized, unlike their and Nationality Act to change the counterparts in the Soviet Union which mercy, but quite simply justice." level and preference system for admis­ were liquidated by the Soviet govern­ Meanwhile, back in the United States, the John Demjanjuk Defense sion of immigrants to the United States. ment in the 1930s." He also reminded Fund headed by Edward Nishnic has sent letters to all senators and Co-sponsoring the legislation were his colleagues of the "forgotten holo­ representatives in the Congress. The letter, along with documents that fellow California Democrats Reps. Don caust when, Because of famines, over 6 suggest the OSI has committed a "grave injustice" in the Demjanjuk Edwards, Matthew Martinez, Robert million Ukrianians lost their lives..." case, seeks the legislators' help in pressuring the OSI to turn over Matsui, Norman Mineta, Edward Roy- Rep. Thomas Manton (D-N.Y.), in requested documentation to the defense team. "Only then can Mr. bal and Esteban Torres. his February 2 remarks, reminded his Demjanjuk...finally receive the justice which he deserved nearly a That same day, Rep. Benjamin Gil- colleagues about the famine during the introduced H.R. 686 decade ago," writes Mr. Nishnic. "The time has come for the OSI to man (R-N.Y.) early 1930s. He also, however, stated which would eliminate the age require­ answer some very serious questions. No legitimate purpose is served by incorrectly that "the signing of the ment (currently 55) for eligibility for the withholding potentially exculpatory evidence." Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact between one-time exclusion of gain from the sale We strongly believe that if justice is to be served, the defense must be Hitler and Stalin signaled the end of the of a principal residence. Rep. Thomas allowed to see the OSI's records. Perhaps those records will answer the independent Ukrainian republic" and Luken (D-Ohio), for himself ano Rep. disturbing questions that remain in the strange case of John that the Ukrainian National Republic Lee Hamilton (D-Ind.), intro* uced Demjanjuk. "was a founding member of the United H.J.Res. 104 which would des gnate Nations." October 6, 1989, as "German-American On February 6, Rep. Peter Visclosky Day." (D-Ind.) recognized the 71st anniver­ On February 2, Sen. Paul Simon (D- sary of Lithuanian Independence Day. 111.), for himself and Sen. Larry Pressler The following day, Rep. Fortney Pete (R-S.D.) introduced S.Res. 37 which Turning the pages back... Stark (D-Calif.) submitted a joint requests the Secretary of State to statement by Rep. Bill Frenzel (R- submit a report regarding United States Minn.) and himself urging increased assistance to Soviet Armenia. In his trade with the USSR and possible con­ remarks, the senator pointed out that Recognized as the chief master, founder and ideologist of sideration of repeal of the Jackson- there has been about $12.5 million in modern Ukrainian graphic art, Yuriy Narbut, during his Vanik amendment which denies the private assistance, in-kind contribu­ brief (1886-1920) yet abundantly productive life, created a Soviet Union most-favored-nation tions, and over $2 million in U.S. style that to this day serves as a model for graphic arts in Ukraine. trade status due to restrictions on government aid. Stating that "some His work, emphasizing folk art and aesthetic folk principles, was profoundly emigration. He also submitted a state­ kind of reconstruction assistance nationalistic, often inspired by the scenery of his native Chernihivshchyna and ihe ment by former Rep. Charles Vanik, co- should at least be considered," he tradition of Ukrainian folk art. , 'rv.v* >i ^ autnor of the amendment, who urged suggested a private-public task force to Developing a style that began with a classic approach, (his favorite was Durer) that waivers of the law, rather than channel private voluntary aid. Sen. Narbut later used the traditions of the Kozak Baroque with Byzantine influences, repeal, be considered. Lastly, Rep. Pressler stated that the report would and always introduced Ukrainian folk motifs in iiis works. Stark submitted an article in which the outline available U.S. government At the age of 20, Narbut set out for St. Petersburg where he studied with I. Union of Councils for Soviet Jews expertise. Bilibin. He began illustrating fairy tales, concentrating on the decorative aspect of disclosed their support for repeal of the Rep. Claude Pepper (D-Fla.) intro­ his creations, striving for greater expressiveness and harmonious composition. Stevenson amendment, which controls duced H.R. 811 which would require Quite a humorist, he used both words and pictures as a\vay to convey his jokes. trade cre^ijs to ^^pyigts^ rather than port-of-entry interviews of certain ^ — ™—^—* — - - (Continued on page 16) repeal of Jackson-Vanik. (Continued on page 13) LETTERS TO THE EDITOR A view from Canada Visiting Soviets language be used as the language of by Orysia Paszczak Tracz communication. pose dilemma Perhaps the time has come for us to start using our economic clout. Some of Dear Editor: the groups that are coming here do not Into the 21st century? have great name recognition, and thus Within the past few months, there has cannot afford for the Ukrainian com­ Over the Christmas holidays I had the choice, but out of necessity). She also been quite an increase of activity in the munity to boycott them. It can now be opportunity to listen to three very spoke about her urban professional U.S.-USSR exchange area, which af­ driven home that they will be econo­ different people talk about Ukraine. relatives, who did not understand what fects Ukrainians. There are various mically successful, only if the Ukrainian Two had traveled there this summer: she meant when she asked what they do students coming from Ukraine, Sofia American audience is figured into the one as a tour guide, one as a tourist with in their "leisure time." There is work, Rotaru was booked primarily to non- equation. her family, driving a car across Europe there are the infernal work and party Ukrainian audiences, Moiseyev came If we do not react, we run the risk of and into Ukraine. The third person was meetings after work, and there is the with, his "Gopak" and the Donetsk allowing Russification not only in here from Kiev, visiting her family for a shopping or, more precisely, the stand­ Ballet was billed as coming with the Ukraine, but here on our shores, with few months. ing in line trying to shop — not for "Stars of Russia," and the Goodwill our American government and public Taken together, what I heard from luxuries, but for necessities — and games will soon take place in the relation firms helping. them saddened and scared me. While hoping that what you need is available. Northwest. These represent just a It is crucial to continue our sup­ the country is still beautiful, the life of No wonder some become the human fraction of the various exchanges. port of the dissidents in Ukraine; to do its inhabitants is ugly. It is ugly because vacuum cleaners of Western commer­ These exchanges are creating a great less would discredit us in the eyes of our in this almost 21st century such a cial goods that we hear about. deal of concern and uncertainty in the fellow Americans, Ukrainians in U- naturally rich nation exists under The friend who drove through U- Ukrainian community. One one hand, kraine and even the Soviets themselves. conditions which have been described kraine with her husband and children various individuals and groups are As we support them, perhaps we should by one economic expert as "below Third also returned sad. They had met their coming into our communities, as Ukrai­ press for the promised changes from the World standards." parents' brothers and sisters, and visited nians to Ukrainians. Then we have large top, by insisting that the exchanges The visitor from Kiev, a professional the graves of their grandparents. These groups coming through public relations taking place do not benefit only the in the academic field, shopped here to professional people, doctors, engineers, firms, from Ukraine, being used as Soviets while we wait for the changes. find warm winter outerwear for herself, retired professors, live in what looks conduits of Russian culture. This causes We need to establish a clear idea of what her children and grandchildren, because like tenement housing, she said that tremendous concern, for we have no we wish from these exchanges, and, how she cannot get any there. Shoes were while the table was laden with food, it guidelines for behavior in this unusual we go about achieving our goals. also at the top of the shopping list. She was for the guests, because the hosts did situation. We are being inundated by various also had with her a prescription for eye­ not eat. On a streetcar, she told her We here in Washington feel especially events, and time is not on our side. We glasses for a friend, because it could not cousin to take a seat because she is touched by this, for we are in closest need to discuss, plan and strategize, be filled there. "There" is Kiev, capital older; she was told, "I only look older." proximity to these exchanges. Ukrai­ otherwise, events will soon overtake us of a large European country. As all other tourists, she noticed the nians from Ukraine should travel to the and we will find Russification on both, Then she spoke about medicinal use of Ukrainian in Lviv, and its West, to increase their knowledge of the sides of the Atlantic, with Ukraine problems, including the need to buy absence in Kiev. She was spat on in Kiev West and break their isolation. Ho­ sinking into deeper misery and the hypodermic needles for a diabetic for asking a question in Ukrainian. But wever, at the same time it is crucial that Soviets having outsmarted us all. relative, but with the fear that customs even in western Ukraine the road signs those who come from Ukraine indivi­ would not permit bringing them in are in Russian and English, with Ukrain­ dually, or in groups must do so as Larissa M. Fontana because of the drug problem. Her rela­ ian seen only on the side roads. Driving Ukrainians, and that the Ukrainian ^Potomac, Md. tive, with a serious case of diabetes, to and from jUkraine thrqiigh Poland receives One hypodermic needle A * and Slovakia, they saw many Ukrainian Year. In the past few years she has churches, almost all in various stages of ruined two needles by oversterilizing collapse or extreme disrepair. This If the Fourth Universal is not high­ Distribute Fourth, them in a pot. Her solution was to especially depressed them. lighted by major Ukrainian organiza­ combine parts from the two needles into Very noticeable in the photographs tions on January 22, when will it be? In not Third, Universal one somewhat-working one. Only a few she took is the people's faces very few March or April? Never? people have ever heard of disposable smiles (it's the tourist who are smiling) Dear Editor: Those of you in the Ukrainian com­ ones, and they don't want them because and expressions of sadness or despair, munity who concluded (for reasons best they are not reusable. This in the capital and acceptance. Maybe also there is the It is undoubtedly possible to rationa­ known to yourselves) that a novel city of f he second-largest republic of the acknowledgment of the two separate lize the decision by a major Ukrainian approach to January 22 was in order superpower Soviet Union. worlds, here and there. This isn't posed, organization to distribute the Third should revamp your thinking next year. A Canadian Ukrainian doctor who the camera just picks it up. Universal to Congress on the anniver­ Clearly, it is the Fourth Universal which visited Ukraine with a medical delega­ I heard one woman who was born sary of the Fourth Universal. But to should be distributed on January 22, the tion remembered that in one city in and raised in Lviv express regret that what end? The Fourth Universal is a anniversary of its issuance. western Ukraine proudly they were she had visited it again a few years ago. classic document in the human struggle Not only will this represent a wel­ shown a gastroscope, one of the instru­ Even though she longed for home, she for freedom. It ranks in many respects come return to historical accuracy, but ments in a roomful of medical imple­ saw that what should have changed — with the American Declaration of the non-Ukrainian world will applaud ments. He was shocked to learn later such as modern accommodations and Independence. The Fourth Universal is your vision and your fidelity to your that this one gastroscope is shared by general economic progress — didn't, important in the history of ideas pre­ nation's cause. three or four cities, and travels to each and what should not have changed — cisely because it declared independence on a set schedule. And he thinks that the the atmosphere, the people, the condi­ rather than merely autonomy (whatever Patience Tipton Huntwork rest of the medical instruments were tions — did. The Lviv of her youth that is). Phoeniz, Ariz. gathered together from a few regions would have been better to keep in her just to show the delegation. memory, this woman observed. Because I had heard the doctor's With giasnost there are glimmers of hope, but they seem to glow mostly in UNA Washington Office responds policy-makers, including David Rem- story first, I was not that shocked when nick's article on Ukraine which ap­ I listened to the saga of the hypodermic Moscow and Leningrad. The whole The Washington Office was estab­ peared in The Washington Post. needle. The medical conditions shown USSR desperately needs to move into lished by the Ukrainian National As­ The Third Universal rather than the to the world after the Armenian earth­ this century economically. Those of us sociation to provide information about Fourth Universal, was chosen for many quake just reinforced these accounts. who hope for improvement in the Ukraine and Ukrainians to policy­ reasons. My travel agent friend has traveled national and human rights field have to makers. The office began by providing Firstly, the Third Universal is an throughout Europe. But, of all the keep in mind that the everyday struggle each member of Congress with a basic important document in its own right civilized places she has visited, only in a for physical survival occupies most of reference packet (including the history and is part of the history of the Ukrai­ Ukrainian city did she see a person with our countrymen's and -women's waking of Ukraine and Ukrainians in the nian independence movement. two mismatched shoes (not out of hours. United States, a list of national or­ Secondly, it is important to show that ganizations and newspapers, a biblio­ the events of January 22, 1918, did not graphy, etc.) which, despite years of take place spontaneously nor in a Notice regarding mail delivery community activity in Washington, was vacuum. Rather, the declaration of never done before. independence was issued in a political of The Ukrainian Weekly Shortly afterwards, a replica of the and philosophical framework which It has come to our attention that The Ukrainian Weekly is often Third Universal was presented to each emphasized not only independence but delivered late, or irregularly, or that our subscribers sometimes receive member of Congress as part of this the rights of individuals and minori­ several issues at once. educational compaign. Each legisla­ ties. We feel it is necessary to notify our subscribers that The Weekly is tor was informed that, on January 22, Similarly, to understand the Ame­ mailed out Friday mornings (before the Sunday date of issue) via 1918, the Fourth Universal declaring rican Declaration of Independence one second-class mail. Ukrainian independence was issued and must first study the writings of people was requested to make a statement on such as Thomas Paine, Thomas Jef­ If you are not receiving regular delivery of The Weekly, we urge you the occasion of Ukrainian indepen­ ferson and Patrick Henry, as well as the to file a complaint at your local post office. This may be done by obtaining the U.S. Postal Service Consumer Service Card and filling dence. Since that time, a number of declarations oi and aenaies in the out the appropriate sections. other mailings have been sent to our (Continued on page 13) PRESS REVIEW The Washington Post features stories Holocaust historian says verdict on "growing Ukrainian nationalism" in Demjanjuk case is compromised WASHINGTON —It was Vladimir ism Stirring Anew in Soviet 'Colony.'" LONDON — The Independent pub­ chamber fillers at Treblinka: one of Ilyich Lenin who in 1918 said: "For us Mr. Remnick explains the hold lished an article by British historian them was Ivan the Terrible." to lose Ukraine would be the same a Volodymyr Shcherbytsky, the Ukrain­ Gitta Sereny about the Nazi war crimes She continued: "In establishing that losing our head," and it was with this ian Communist Party chief, has over case of John Demjanjuk in its Decem­ Ivan was in Trieste, this letter shatters quote that David Remnickof the Wash­ Ukraine, as well as the position ber 28, 1988, issue. (The same article an important piece of evidence, the so- ington Post's Foreign Service began his of the official Ukrainian Writers' Un­ appeared in The Cleveland Plain Dealer called Danilchenko statement, dra­ front-page story about Ukrainian na­ ion, which was once a "lap dog for on January 14.) matically presented to the court on the tionalism in the Sunday, January 22, Shcherbytsky and ideological ortho­ Ms. Sereny, author of "Intothat last day of the Demjanjuk trial. Danil­ issue of the Washington Post. doxy now has become a force of Darkness," a book about the Treblinka chenko, a Ukrainian, apparently ques­ Mr. Remnick, who traveled to Lviv opposition, supporting the nascent death camp, wrote about "the emer­ tioned by Soviet examiners in 1979, and interviewed such leading national, Popular Front and pushing for the gence of a piece of evidence which raises made two important claims: that Dem­ cultural and religious rights activists establishment of Ukrainian as the doubts about the prosecution's trial janjuk had, for six months in 1943, been as Vyacheslav Chornovil, Bohdan republic's official language. tactics, demolishes its established po­ in Sobibor; and that after the exter­ Horyn and Stepan Khmara, also inter­ Relating an incident in Ukraine, Mr. sition, and puts the defense's position at mination camps of the Aktion Reinhard viewed the younger generation of activ­ Remnick writes: grave risk." This evidence "may lead the were dismantled — i.e. when Suchomel ists, among them, Ivan Makar, a Com­ "The other night in Lviv, at a dim appeals court to require the trial judges clearly places Ivan in Trieste — they munist Party member and also a mem­ apartment decorated with a sparse to reconsider their verdict," she noted. were transferred together to work in ber of the Ukrainian Helsinki Union, Christmas tree, a group of Ukrainian The reference is to a March 1978 camps in southern Germany until the and Orest Sheika, a 25-year old Young nationalists, writers and human rights letter by Franz Suchomel, an SS ser­ end of the war." Communist League official and one of workers — most of them former politi­ geant at Treblinka, written to Dr. Pier The Trieste connection was men­ the leaders of the Levy Society in Lviv. cal prisoners — spent hours describing a Arrigo Carnier in regard to a book the tioned also in a statement by SS Ser­ In his lengthy piece which appeared place and an atmosphere never reflected latter was preparing about the fate of geant Gustav Munzberger, Ivan's boss on the 70th anniversary of the reunifica­ in the official press. Italian Jews during the Holocaust. at the gas chamber, who said that Ivan tion of Ukrainian lands and the 71st "They talked of a republic in a In the letter, Suchomel refers twice to had been transferred from Treblinka to anniversary of the proclamation of an 'perpetually worsening'economic crisis, an "Ivan" and "Nikolai" who were in Trieste in September 1943 and "later independent Ukraine, Mr. Remnick of a Ukraine 'that is still the epicenter of Trieste. "Before the end of the war the has slipped off into the partisans." This refers to Ukraine as the "fire next time stagnation.'They spoke of non-Russian gas-chamber fillers from Treblinka, became part of the trial transcript, but for the Soviet empire." He reports on culture 'gutted' by decades of'imperial Ivan and Nikolai, were probably shot. in the absence of supporting evidence, the growing Ukrainian nationalism that centralism' and 'Russification.' And Though it has been said that they noted Mr. Sereny, was virtually ig­ may pose a real challenge to Moscow in none of the dozen men and women at slipped over into the partisans, which I nored. his article titled: "Ukrainian National­ (Continued on page 14) don't believe," wrote Suchomel. Added The Danilchenko statement, Ms. Ms. Sereny: "There were only two gas- (Continued on page 12) Columnist Patrick Buchanan urges investigation into workings of OSI WASHINGTON — Syndicated co­ Suchomel, both of whom served at lumnist Patrick Buchanan recently Treblinka, both of Whom tee said to wrote an article calling on Congress to have stated specifically that John "take a hard public look at OSI," Demjanjuk is not 'Ivan the Terrible.' A (Office of Special Investigations). newly uncovered March of 1978 letter The column, which appeared in from Suchomel (he was an SS sergeant January, began by noting a pattern of at Treblinka) says 'Ivan the Terrible' obstruction of justice in the John was sent to Trieste and 'probably Demjanjuk case. Mr. Buchanan poin­ shot.' " ted to recent revelations that one Mr. Buchanan said that there seem to Treblinka survivor, Richard Glazar of be only three reasons the OSI would Switzerland, who did not identify the withhold these documents: "1. No such former Cleveland autoworker as "Ivan material exists or has ever existed in the Terrible," had been pressed by OSI files, in which case, OSI should so Israeli prosecutors to keep quiet about state. 2. The Demjanjuk file has been the Demjanjuk case. purged. 3. OSI is withholding exculpa­ Asked by William Wolf, a Phoenix, tory materials." Ariz., attorney if he had known the If the second or third is the reason, accused at Treblinka, Mr. Glazar said, "Demjanjuk may be the victim of a "Listen, maybe, maybe, maybe, you greater miscarriage of justice than know, maybe he didn't murder in Alfred Dreyfus," Mr. Buchanan com­ Treblinka, he murdered in Sobibor, mented. maybe, maybe." "The central point here is for the OSI "What makes Mr. Glazar's comment to stop playing games, and for At­ critical is that there is powerful evidence torney General Richard Thornburgh that the Office of Special Investiga­ to insist that it stop playing games." tions of the Department of Justice itself questioned Mr. Glazar in 1979. Asked "Surely it is time Congress sum­ to produce notes of the 1979 conver­ moned the moxie to take a hard public sation, OSI has thus far stonewalled," look at OSI; and Mr. Thornburgh took wrote Mr. Buchanan. control of this office from people who He continued: have run it like a fiefdom for 10 years. Recent events would seem to make this "What is going on here? Material imperative," the columnist went on. lately extracted from OSI through the Freedom of Information Act also shows Mr. Buchanan pointed to a report that the Soviets took testimony years that the KGB provided guidelines on ago from one Ignat Danilchenko, who how to frame Archbishop Valerian said Demjanjuk was a member of his Trifa and to the fact that a thorough guard platoon at Sobibor camp from West German investigation has found March of 1943 until well into 1944. Yet, that the OSI's charges against German at Demjanjuk's trial, the witnesses rocket scientist Arthur Rudolph were against him all testified he was at baseless. Both men were accused of Treblinka until September of 1943. Can Nazi war crimes and were deported a man be in two places at once? from the U.S. "According to Demjanjuk's son-in- He concluded: "Critics of OSI are law, Edward Nishnic, OSI is also willing to make their case in a public withholdings from, the $eferi,sfe 1919a forum, under oath; it's time OSI was Reproduction of a page of The Washington Post's stories about Ukraine. statements by Kurt Franz and Franz brought but into the sunlighti^i: ;I^i n U.S. Helsinki Commission staffers address developments in USSR by Maria Rudensky Ron McNamara, another Helsinki the officials only or in the presence of Mr. Deychakiwsky also commented staffer, also spoke, describing his human rights activists, the status of the on the increasing contact throughout WASHINGTON — Orest Deycha- recently completed 18 months in Vien­ Ukrainian Catholic Church and the the Soviet Union — evident also at the kiwsky, who has worked since 1982 as a na, where he had played a key role in predicament of remaining Ukrainian Moscow meetings he attended — among staffer at the Helsinki Commission — hammering out the final wording of the political prisoners were often brought dissidents representing various nation­ the Commission on Security and Co­ concluding CSCE document signed in up. alities. As a result, many of these rights operation in Europe — believes that January. Mr. Deychakiwsky and his col­ activists are supporting each other's 1988 may go down in history as a There were significant differences leagues recounted the incongruity of efforts and adopting common posi­ watershed year for Ukraine, and not between what we were being told by the seeing the dissidents and members of tions. just because of the Millennium. Soviet leadership in Moscow and what the clergy sharing a table with officials Mr. Deychakiwsky offered his audi­ He highlighted the accelerating the Soviet delegation was saying in of the Supreme Soviet, the state-sanc­ ence suggestions of how the Ukrainian movement by informal human rights Vienna. This changed after General tioned Russian Orthodox Church and community can continue to assist groups, the proliferation of various Secretary Gorbachev's address at the the authorized Soviet press. It was truly Ukrainians in Ukraine. Besides unceas­ unofficial publications, numerous mass United Nations in early December, Mr. a case of the repressed and the repressor ing statements of moral and political demonstrations, and the increasingly McNamara said. The Soviet negotia­ come together. support, most essential is providing open and exposed workings of the tors admitted that human-rights issues "This, in my view, is something that information — books, journals, news­ Ukrainian Catholic Church. are not just the internal concerns of a would have been unthinkable even a papers, Bibles, catechisms. Speaking on February 3 at St. So­ government as they had at previous year ago, (Bishop Pavlo Vasylyk of the Material support is essential to phia's Religious Center in Washington, meetings. Ukrainian Catholic Church), an illegal various samvydav operations. He nam­ Mr. Deychakiwsky attributed the So­ That step alone reveals the "increas­ Church which has been anathema to the ed several organizations — Smoloskyp, viets' "limited positive human-rights ing institutionalization of human rights Soviets, dressed in his clerical attire, Suchasnist, Americans for Human steps" in recent years to their desire in monitoring" that all three emphasized discussing the plight of the Church with Rights in Ukraine and the External part "to score public relations points in as one of the greatest achievements of Soviet officials," Mr. Deychakiwsky Representation of the Ukrainian Hel- the West." The evening, attended by the Helsinki process. said. (Continued on page 15) about 60 people, was sponsored by The One of the next items on the Helsinki Washington Group, an association ot agenda is meetings of the Conference on Ukrainian American Professionals. the Human Dimension, opening on To achieve this, the USSR has care­ May 30 - June 23 in Paris, moving to fully timed the release of individual Copenhagen for June 9-29, 1990, and political prisoners or the emigration of September 10 - October 4, 1991, in refuseniks to garner the largest volume Moscow. of media coverage. Mr. Deychakiwsky Some recent human-rights progress is was joined by two colleagues. the fruit of literally hundreds of individ­ John Finerty, a Helsinki Commission ual initiatives — but worded most staffer who just completed a six-month politely and expressed diplomatically assignment at the State Department, — by the United States to improve one also had journeyed to Moscow in condition or another in Ukraine. "Be­ November for the unprecedented U.S. cause of the Helsinki process...human Congress-Supreme Soviet meetings on rights have become a legitimate issue of human rights. Mr. Finerty described his international concern and discussion," participation in working group meet­ Mr. Deychakiwsky said. ings on religion in which the plight of During the various meetings between the Ukrainian Catholic Church was U.S. legislators and Supreme Soviet Speakers at a recent evening sponsored by The Washington Group included: (from discussed in detail. deputies in November, either between left) Orest Deychakiwsky, Ron McNamara and John Finerty.

whether they thought change was es­ Ukraine is different from the process learning, and for this to occur there Glasnost... sential, 81 percent answered yes. unfolding in Moscow or the Baltic must be agencies communicating the (Continued from page 4) The economic indicators released this republics. As Ivan Drach noted, if they national message — the press, radio, Byelorussia and in Ukraine. Signi­ month show that the news is not good. clip your nails in Moscow, they cut your television. ficantly, in recent months, there have Agricultural production, for example, fingers off in Ukraine. The legacy of For the first time since the 1920s the been calls for the democratization of the grew by a minuscule 0.8 percent in 1988. decades of servility weighs heavily on national message is being communi­ party. Certainly, the party is not about Enterprise reform is getting nowhere as Ukrainian society. cated to the population. The secret of the process which is unfolding is the fact to surrender power, but it may have to the potential benefits of khozraschet But nonetheless, much has been that for the first time since the 1920s the learn to share it. (self-accounting) have been nullified by achieved in Ukraine in the last two Ukrainian intelligentsia has a relatively Surveying developments in the Soviet goszakaz (compulsory state procure­ years, especially and in the first in­ unfettered access to the population. Union, we can see a new "scissors crisis" ment). The effects of Chornobyl and the stance, in the realm of consciousness. When Ukrainian writers speak to a looming ahead. Glasnost has increased Armenian earthquake have added to a What we have today is the first large- mass audience of workers in Zapo- the population's expectations and its deficit which is now around 100 billion scale discussion of national life since the rizhzhia and discuss with them prob­ effectiveness in expressing discontent. rubles. In short, as Gorbachev told the 1920s and a stark account of how that lems of Ukrainian culture, something But, on the other hand, there has been Moscow party committee, "the new culture has been ravaged. Imagine, profound and very significant is hap­ no improvement in economic condi­ processes are moving very slowly." Ukraine with 50 million people pro­ pening: a new national awareness is tions, and there is much to complain Leonid Abalkin, director of the duces three records a year in Ukrainian; being formed.' about. If there is no improvement in the Academy of Sciences Institute of Eco­ one cannot write a doctoral dissertation economic situation within the next few nomics, told delegates at the 19th Party in Ukrainian in Ukraine. This also places the apparatus in a years, there may occur a rise in mass Conference that "A basic understan­ difficult position because it no longer discontent, and the leadership will feel ding of political economy is a requi­ The discussion has led to concrete has the monopoly on the message and it pressured to use the apparatus of rement for the leadership of a state. And demands, and we are seeing impro­ can be and has been outflanked by coercion to effect a crackdown on one can confidently say that any go­ vements slowly. Over 130 new Ukrai­ independent initiatives. Certainly, there society: a crackdown which would vernment which fails to understand the nian-language schools have been open­ would have been no Central Committee resolve nothing, and lead to the further laws of the science... will go broke." ed; a pedagogical school in the Dni- resolution on the national question had disintegration of society. Gorbachev, as Ed A. Hewett observed propetrovske area has been transferred it not been for this independent pres­ to the Ukrainian language; Ukrainian is What perestroika lacks is a clear, and so aptly, is like a man trying to cross a sure. The time is quickly approaching now a compulsory subject for university of necessity, radical project that could chasm, reaching for the far side, but when Shcherbytsky, too, will have to entrance in Kiev and Chernivtsi, and arouse the enthusiasm of the masses. A holding on to this side for fear that when jump, though where he will land is more and more subjects are being new social bloc has to be formed he jumps, he may fall. Prevarication is another story. laught in Ukrainian there; Ukrainian involving the real collaboration of the understandable for politicians, but For the Ukrainian community in will probably be declared a state lan­ intermediate and lower strata, for only terribly destructive of economic reform. Canada, and the academic milieu in guage. Many works hitherto banned are such a new alliance is capable of oppos­ The result is a society where support for particular, events in the Soviet Union appearing. There has occurred a signi­ ing the bureaucracy. The present social a new system is widespread, with a de and in Ukraine bolster our identity and ficant rejuvenation of cultural and basis of the reformist project is much facto continuation of the past. This are a source of inspiration for further intellectual life. too confined to sectors of the leader­ leads to confusion and a rise in mass work. But we do not yet have the ability, ship and the intelligentsia. New social discontent. Sooner or later the system At a deeper level what is happening is the structures, the policies, to deal groups have to be invited to participate will have to jump, because the price of what Borys Tymoshenko calls, "the intelligently, effectively and realistical­ in the reform movement, and this standing still will be too high. healing of the national body politic, the ly with the great opportunities pre­ entails listening to their needs and I did not want to say much about national soul; the historical roots of our sented to us m Ukraine. aspirations. Ukraine in my address for fear of nation." A healing process after 50 years Glasnost and perestroika will un­ Certainly, as many polls have made repeating the discussion which will take of savage attack. There is a real mo­ doubtedly be a long process as society in clear, very few in the USSR believe that place in the next few days. But the bilization of public opinion which has Ukraine learns to speak to itself. We, there has been much success in restruc­ temptation is too great and so I will end affected the development of national too, have to learn how to address that turing the economy. A June 1988 public with a few thoughts. consciousness. That consciousness is society. Your conference is an im­ opinion poll of 11,000 workers showed It is common knowledge that because gaining strength every day. National portant step in this direction. Before we that only 2 percent answered yes to the there has been no significant political consciousness, it must be remembered, can act appropriately, we must first question "Has there been any success in change in Ukraine (after all, Shcher­ is not a natural condition of humanity, become aware of the processes in the restructuring the economy." Asked bytsky is still in power), glasnost in but is the result of a process of social USSR. With this, I wish you all the best. those who were reacting with suspicion the writers' plenum carried by the they wanted the proposed new organi­ Party, writers... to the attempt to form a people's Ukrainian literary weekly Literaturna zation to act within existing political (Continued from page 1) movement in support of restructuring. Ukraina, the Ukrainian republican structures and that there could be no He pointed out that even General press remained silent about the stand doubt as to the leading role of the party. Writers' Union of Ukraine, had im­ Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev had taken by the Ukrainian writers. As for All the same, Radio Kiev also quoted plicitly called on Mr. Shcherbytsky and acknowledged that "the administrative the central press, the only reference to Mr. Kravchuk as stating that "the his team to go, only dissident groups — bureaucratic system" had slipped out the new attempts in Ukraine to found a program contains a number of pro­ such as the Ukrainian Helsinki Union from under popular control, and this, popular front appeared in an article by visions which do not agree with the were prepared to attack the Ukrainian Mr. Donchyk argued, made the estab­ the Ukrainian literary critic and former fundamental law of the republic and the Party leadership explicitly for obstruc­ lishment of people's movements "es­ dissident Ivan Dzyuba, which was country." ting restructuring in the republic and to sential." published on January 15 in the liberal denounce Mr. Shcherbytsky by name. He added pointedly. "We hear ob­ weekly, Moskovskie Novosti. The potential Toward the end of 1988, new calls for jections that extemists and other ele­ This leading representative of the the creation of a Ukrainian Baltic-type ments might latch on to this movement. nationally minded Ukrainian intelli­ As Messrs. Drach, Dzyuba, Koro­ popular front were issued, only this time But haven't extremists, demagogues gentsia empasized that the idea of tych and many other Ukrainian patriots not by dissidents or members of unoffi­ and chauvinists not accommodated creating a popular front in support of are pointing out, in order to shift the cial groups, but by leading Ukrainian themselves at different stages within the restructuring "has been advocated in dead weight of the Shcherbytsky ap­ writers. On November 1, the poets party and even within its leadership?" Ukraine, but so far it has not been paratus, some sort of strong mass-based Viktor Teren and Pavlo Movchan Mr. Movchan, warned that unless an possible to realize it." Such a move­ movement is crucial. During the last advocated the idea at a meeting of the attempt was made in the republic to ment, he explained would be "a logical year, a number of organizations have party organization of the Kiev branch organize a movement that would press development" in view of the current formed in Ukraine that could eventually of the Writers Union. for reform, the words perebudova revival of Ukrainian cultural and public serve as important components in a new Mr. Teren proposed that an initiative (restructuring) and hlasnist (openness) life and the search for solutions to umbrella organization. group from among the writers prepare a would remain simply the "the latest "general political and socio-economic Two Ukrainian dissident groups have draft program for "a popular movement rhetoric." problems," as well as national-cultural created networks in the republic. for restructuring," which, once it had The atmosphere at the plenum ap­ and inter-national ones. The larger of them, the Ukrainian been discussed, finalized and endorsed pears to have been highly charged, and Interestingly, support for the creation Helsinki Union, was launched in at a joint plenum of the republic's from the details provided by Litera- of a Ukrainian front has also been March 1988 and is led by such well- cultural unions, would be published in turna Ukraina quite a few of the spea­ indirectly expressed by the Ukrainian known Ukrainian activists and former the press. kers made frank statements criticizing poet Vitaliy Korotych, who is currently political prisoners as as Vyacheslav Mr. Movchan pointed out that it was tha lack of change in the republic. enjoying fame as the bold editor of Chornovil, Mykhailo Horyn and Lev- not important what name was given to For instance, the writer Yuriy Ogonyok. In late January, while on an ko Lukianenko. Its platform resembles such a movement, as long as some such Shcherbak spoke quite candidly about assignment in the United States, he told those of the Baltic popular fronts. "instrument" for tackling crucial prob­ the obstructive and reactionary attitude American Ukrainians that what had The other dissident group is the lems in the republic was created. The of the Ukrainian authorities: "even happened in the Baltic republics should Ukrainian Democratic Union, which meeting agreed that an initiative group now, in the fourth year of restructu­ serve as a model for Ukrainians. His split off from the Moscow-based op­ should be formed from among the ring, we feel the deaf unwillingness of countrymen, he opined, needed to show position movement, the Democratic literary community to get things mo­ officials to face up to the new realities of more determination and find more Union. On January 21, the authorities ving. life. We feel their suspicious and hostile effective ways of exerting public pres­ detained dozens of supporters of the Further impetus was provided by glances; we know that the civic and sure on the authorities in Kiev. Ukrainian Democratic Union when what occurred at the first mass meeting publicistic activity of the writers ir­ they tried to hold their inaugural in Kiev since the inauguration of gias­ ritates certain people and forces them to Confrontation with party conference in Kiev. nost. On November 13, the Kiev city recall nostalgically the old times." In two other important "informal" authorities permitted a meeting on The writers' plenum adopted a re­ On January 31, the initiative organizations, Ukrainian writers hold ecological issues that had been or­ solution that entrusted the initiative group presented a draft program of a leading positions. In January, the year- ganized toy several iatormal groups: group of the Writers' Union "to draw "People's Movement for Restructuring old informal ecological organization Some 10,000 people turned up and up a draft of a program of a Ukrai­ in Ukraine" to a plenum of the Kiev Zeleny Svit (Green World), held its first the gathering turned into a political nian Movement in Support of Rest­ branch of the Writers' Union of U- republican conference in Kiev and demonstration. The tone was set by the ructuring" and instructed it to involve kraine. According to information is­ elected Dr. Shcherbak as its head. poet Dmytro Pavlychko, who stressed writers from all over the republic. In sued by the unofficial Ukrainian Hel­ Last year, the Taras Shevchenko how urgent it had become to form a other words, the plenum not only sinki Union, the Ukrainian party autho­ Native Language Society was founded Ukrainian popular front in support of recognized the need for such a move­ rities had pressured the authors of the to serve as a vehicle for campaigning for restructuring. Significantly, other spea­ ment but also endorsed the idea that draft into inserting a clause recognizing the improvement of the status of the kers included representatives from Ukrainian writers should take the lead the leading role of the party and softe­ Ukrainian language. Branches of this Latvia, Lithuania and Armenia. in organizing it. ning the program's general tone. organization have sprung up all over the Nevertheless, there were still aspects republic. On February 11-12 the society Authorities intervene Support for writers9 initiative of the document that the head of the held its inaugural conference in Kiev ideology department of the Central and elected Mr. Pavlychko to lead it. After the mass meeting, members of The initiative group soon received Committee of the Communist Party of Despite the opposition of the Ukrainian the Writers' Union of Ukraine formed support from outside the Writers' Ukraine, Leonid Kravchuk, found ideological secretary, Yuriy Yelchenko, an initiative group consisting of over 20 Union. A meeting of the members of the unacceptable. He is reported to have the meeting came out in support of the writers and headed by Mr. Drach. He Institute of Literature of the Academy have declared at the plenum that the creation of a Ukrainian popular move­ and several of his colleagues were of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR came draft amounted to a "political program" ment in support of restructuring, and promptly called in for talks with of­ out in favor of the creation of a popular that was at odds with the party line and this was noted in a resolution. ficials of the Central Committee of the front. When on December 4, 1988, a warned that no party member could One other organization also should Communist Party of Ukraine. meeting was held in Kiev of organiza­ support it. be mentioned. This is the Ukrainian A certain amount of confusion fol­ tions and associations that back the idea His general message was that there branch of the Moscow-based Memorial lowed for, on November 25, the city's of a popular front, numerous informal was no need for a popular movement of Society, which was founded at the end Komsomol newspaper Moloda Hvar- groups sent representatives. the sort proposed by the writers because of 1988. Its aim is to commemorate the dia announced that the new group had Two weeks later, a meeting of the All- the Communist Party of Ukraine was victims of Stalinism and to expose more been formed on the initiative of the Ukrainian Coordinating Council of the already promoting restructuring. fully the crimes of the Stalin era. The party organization within the Writers' Ukainian Helsinki Union — the main The writers, however, stood their Ukrainian Memorial Society plans to Union of Ukraine, whereas Mr. Drach "dissident" organization in the republic ground. Speaking on behalf of his hold its inaugural meeting in Kiev on — who is a party member — and his — met in Kiev and passed a resolution colleagues, Mr. Drach replied that the March 4. colleagues insisted that the lead has in support of efforts to create a popular rigid position taken by the Ukrainian been provided by the public. front. It noted that in the last six party authorities could result in the Conclusion months, apart from Lviv, "attempts to resignation of all the Communist Party Writers' plenum endorses idea form similar organizations have been members belonging to the Kiev branch A critical phase appears to have been made in Odessa, Kharkiv, Vinnytsia, of the Ukrainian Writers' Union. He reached in the long-standing trial of At the end of November, the question Ivano-Frankivske and other cities in also issuedan ultimatum that if, after the strength beteween Mr. Shcherbytsky's of forming a popular front was taken up Ukraine" and that the initiators of these final changes were added to the draft conservative regime and the nationally at a plenum of the board of the Writers' groups were being "persecuted and program, the document was not pub­ resurgent Ukrainian cultural intelli­ Union of Ukraine. It was evident that slandered in the press..." lished in the Ukrainian press, the writers gentsia. The unyielding position of the behind the scenes the authorities had In Lviv, the activists who had tried to would take it upon themselves to authorities in Kiev has already driven intervened to reduce the significance of form a popular front in the summer of disseminate it. elements within the Ukrainian cultural what Mr. Drach and his colleagues had 1988 did not give up. In November they According to unofficial sources in establishment to seek more radical ways taken on. In his speech Mr. Drach started publishing a bulletin and issued Kiev, coverage of the plenum was of promoting change and, in this sense, himself stated that an "initiative writers' a program. At the end of January some carefully edited, and on February 5 to renew efforts that were started by group in support of restructuring" had of them were harassed by the autho­ excerpts from Mr. Kravchuk's state­ dissidents and informal groups. been formed, but made no reference to a rities for campaigning for the election of ments at the meeting were aired on Matters. appear to be coming to a "popular front." He did stress, though, the Lviv writer Rostyslav Bratun to the Ukrainian radio and television. Cer­ head and it is still by no means certain that this body included both party and USSR Congress of People's Deputies. tainly, the impression that was con­ which side will prove stronger: the nori-party members. veyed in a Radio Kiev broadcast in multifarious Ukrainian forces for na­ Another speaker, Vitaliy Donchuk, Dzyuba, Korotych express support English to North America on February tional renewal or First Secretary indicated where the root of the problem 6 was that the writers who had partici­ Shcherbytsky's entrenched bureau­ lay. He complained that there were Apart from the information about pated at the plenum had stressed that cracy. ?-'-t-f/-- '•; "Ukrainian historians have yet to was limited to those who would be have such lively discussions taken Panelists offer,.. *npro?rh nre-1Q17 historv anH tVin«e »registered and supported the govern­ place" and "the responsibilities of (Continued from page 4) who have tried have had their wrists ment policy toward disarmament." In historians have grown under perestroi­ Ukrainian nation. "We should support slapped," said the speaker. addition, the new law dealt only with ka," he observed. our nation — not the Soviet system — As regards future prospects, Prof. the religious, not the social, mission of Much attention is being paid to the and other nations fighting for their Velychenko said he expects no change the Church. period of the growth of socialism in the independence. It is our duty to speak based on the five-year plans covering In Ukraine, the status of the Ukrai­ USSR, the first secretary noted, and out and help." the period up to the year 2000. "The new nian Catholic Church, which faces historians today are searching for He continued; "We should travel to academic plan promises more Russo- persecution and harassment even answers to "many questions that are still Ukraine and meet with our people — centralism and continuing focus on the today, "is the litmus test" for glas­ blank," including the famine of 1932- and assist their cooperatives. And we fratenity of nations." In fact, he said, nost and perestroika. The Ukrainian 1933 which, he said, struck not only have to do this today, because the it propagates the notion of "one Soviet Catholic Chuch, Mr. Bojcun pointed Ukraine, but parts of the Russian opportunity to do so may not be there history — even with the possible demise out, has been campaigning for legaliza­ federation, as well. tomorrow." of subfields, and more centralized tion since 1985 through petitions to the As regards religion, Mr. Bogayevsky Mr. Ruban explained that what his administrative control over what is Soviet leadership, public services discounted the idea that the ongoing organization will seek to do is to help researched." and the like. changes in the relationship between the Ukrainians in Ukraine "financially and The Church, he reported, has its own Church and the state are meant only to with technology," and to build an Nuclear power and ecology hierarchy, 1,000 priests, a lay commit­ win support for perestroika. "It is a "alternative economy." tee, monks and nuns, monasteries, and recognition of unfair treatment of The third speaker on the panel, Mr. Dr. David Marples of the Canadian between 3 million and 5 million faithful. believers," he said. Shumuk prefaced his remarks by com- Institute of Ukrainian Studies, Univer­ The legalization of the Ukrainian He pointed out that a new law on mentingthat he had not been in Ukraine sity of Alberta, focused his remarks on Catholic Church could lead to demands freedom of conscience is now being pre­ for 17 years and that "What the Rev. nuclear power and ecological issues in for recognition of the Ukrainian Auto- pared in the USSR, and he stated that Romaniuk spoke about is familiar to Ukraine. "Nuclear power — though it is cephalous Orthodox Church, he added. further moves in regard to the status of me. What Mr. Ruban spoke about is the chief concern (of the populace in The Russian Orthodox Church, the Ukrainian Catholic Church "are unknown to me." Ukraine) today — is part of the broader which has been the chief beneficiary of dependent upon the Church officials' He then went on to state that he does issue of ecology," he said. new Soviet laws regarding religious moves." not believe in what is happening today Although Western scientists "have groups, is afraid to lose power, while the Mr. Bogayevsky also noted, "I can in the USSR, because he saw what adhered to the myth of Chornobyl as a Soviet government is afraid of losing only express my regrets to those who happened to the New Economic Po­ success story," the speaker emphasized control and political power, Mr. Boj­ fail to see changes in Ukraine. It is time licy (NEP) instituted under Vladimir that it is not. The evacuation of re­ cun stressed. for us all to change in response to Lenin. "The peasant who became bet­ sidents from the area lasted a month, He went on to outline three currents current conditions." ter off due to the NEP later was de- the nuclear power program is unsafe, within the Ukrainian Catholic Church: He concluded by noting, "We wel­ kulakized," he noted. And, "after there have been more deaths as a result those who wish to see a legalized come constructive criticism and we are Ukrainianization, Stalin destroyed of the Chornobyl accident than official­ Church for purposes of prayer and studying the experiences of other count­ those Ukrainian elements and national ly reported, and burial of the damaged worship only; those who view the ries, but we do not accept treatment of communists who wanted to institute reactor is not permanent, he said. Church's illegal status as a test of faith our system with contempt, lecturing Ukrainianization. The Ukrainian in­ "It is surprising that the West has not and fear legalization will corrupt their and sermonizing." telligentsia was destroyed." picked up on the opposition to nuclear faith; and those who make no distin­ Speaking from a personal perspec­ Mr. Shumuk pointed out that pere- power in Ukraine as a major story," Dr. ctions between prayer and worship on tive, as a Ukrainian Canadian who has budova (the Ukrainian term for pe­ Marples continued, pointing out that one hand, and the promotion of Christ's traveled numerous times to Ukraine, restroika) is proceeding very slowly in this opposition arose spontaneously works (including activity in movements was George Duravetz (a panelist not Ukraine and has done little in terms of from the grass roots. for democracy, social justice and na­ originally scheduled). Mr. Duravetz Ukrainianization. First Secretary of the In addition, ecological disasters such tional rights) on the other. noted in his remarks that the people in Communist Party of Ukraine Volody­ as the mysterious illness of children in The USSR, Mr. Bojcun observed, Ukraine do support Mr. Gorbachev and myr Shcherbytsky and his cohorts are Chernivtsi due to thallium deposits seeks relations with the Vatican, but perestroika. However the benefits of "emissaries of the Russian Communist whose source is unknown further in­ seeks a way to avoid Cardinal Myroslav restructuring policy "have not yet empire," according to Mr. Shumuk. He censed the Ukrainian public, he said. As Lubachivsky, primate of the Ukrainian filtered down to the people. There are concluded by stating, "As long as the a result a "patriotic oposition move­ Catholic Church and archbishop of tremendous shortages of everyday repressors and repressive organs con­ ment" has arisen. Lviv, who is seen as "fundamentally items," he added. tinue to exist, there cannot be true Ukrainian party officials have not hostile to the USSR." He noted the existence of "a con­ restructuring." taken up the issues of nuclear safety and servative element" in Ukraine that is The panel held the next day, Monday ecology, and the republic's health Soviet representative's presentation "well-entrenched and strong, that is evening, January 30, under the chair­ minister, Anatoly Romanenko — not against perestroika. These people live manship of Prof. Peter Potichnyj of Mr. Shcherbytsky — is perhaps the At the final session of the confe­ well and have access to goods." McMaster University in Hamilton, most unpopular person in Ukraine. "He rence, chaired by Prof. Subtelny on Mr. Duravetz also pointed to other Ontario, addressed more specific to­ is despised by the public" for hiding the Tuesday evening, January 31, the first problems in Ukraine: pollution, acid pics. truth about the Chornobyl nuclear ac­ secretary of the Soviet Embassy in rain, bad planning and ecological di­ cident and for the delay in taking action Canada, Yuri Bogayevsky, emphasized sasters, such as a chemical spill that Interpretation of history in the case of the Chernivtsi children, that "new developments (in the USSR) destroyed the Dniester River and the Dr. Marples explained. give us a chance to shed outdated thallium deposits, which he said are Thus, Stephen Velychenko of the Ukraine today is divided in two: the notions." coming from military factories in Cher­ University of Toronto, addressed the "Brezhnev holdovers," and those "who He stated that "revolutionary trans­ nivtsi, that are causing the city's issue of the official Soviet interpre­ would promote General Secretary formations have just started to take children to become ill. tation of history. Since the institu­ Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perebu- shape in Ukraine" and that, for the most "The Ukrainian Catholic Church tion of the policy of glasnost, he noted, dova in the sphere of nuclear power." part, "people recognize that this will should be legalized immediately," M; much new information has emerged The second group, noted Dr. Marples is take time," for there must be a "fun­ Duravetz commented, "otherwise a about Soviet-era history, but much less supported by writers, scientists, the damental reorganization" of society permanent barrier between the diaspora about the period before 1917. intelligentsia and the public. and many difficulties remain. and Ukraine will exist." At the same The official interpretation of pre- Mr. Bogayevsky pointed out that the time, he noted that the Russian Ortho­ 1917 history was written in 1934-1953 The religious question 19th Party Congress resolution on dox Church in Ukraine had "Ukrai- on the basis of decrees, he said. This glasnost "gives our society many nianized." official view "presents the history of Marko Bojcun, a researcher for opportunities." "A law in Ukraine He urged his audience: "We should present-day Soviet nationalities within Keston College in England, observed provides for nationwide discussion of take glasnost and perestroika at face a Russo-centric framework," in ac­ that while on the eve of official Millen­ important questions," he said. "If a value. We both (Ukrainians in diaspora cordance with which the "annexation of nium celebrations the USSR announ­ problem applies to the whole of U- and in Ukraine) can gain from it, and we non-Russian areas was a progressive act ced "a new law to eliminate the second- kraine, it can be discussed nationwide." need each other. Ukraine will always that allowed fraternal nations to strug­ class status of religious life, the offer In the field of history, "never before remain for us a source." gle together." Also, within this frame­ work, "the history of the nations of the USSR cannot be studied apart from that of the USSR or Russia," Prof. Velychenko said. Today, "historians do acknowledge that 'bourgeois' history, too, must be known by scholars in their fields," Prof. Velychenko noted. He also pointed to differences bet­ ween Russian scholars and Ukrainian scholars. "A Russian scholar in 1988 rejected the notion of the 'elder brother' and of the 'voluntary union' of nations with, Russia," he said, adding that Ukrainian scholars are "much less forward; in fact, many Stalinist cliclies are still evident." Speakers at one of the panels: Peter Potichnyj (moderator), Marko Bojcun, David Marples and Stephen Velychenk the prosecution claim that Ivan went The judges asked the defense to high gear in Sobibor). After that date, Holocaust... after the death camps were dismantled: consider changing the defendant's alibi. Ivan — 'active in Sobibor and active in (Continued from page 8) Had he gone with other Aktion Rein- "If even now he were to plead guilty to Treblinka' — could have moved back Sereny wrote, presented the trial judges hard personnel to Trieste, as per the having been at Sobibor, then such a plea and forth as his services were required. in Israel with two problems: "First, it transcript? Or was it Flossenburg, as would take precedence over anything "The contortions in this analysis, claimed that Demjanjuk had spent six stated by Danilchenko? The indictment, else, reducing sharply the importance of within an otherwise clear and damning months in Sobibor in 1943, when the replied the prosecution, was solely for the testimony of the survivors. But, if he verdict, disturbed a number of ex­ eyewitnesses said he had been in Treb­ his activities in Treblinka: his later maintained an alibi which, over the perienced observers in Israel at the time. linka. Then where, asked the judges, did movements were irrelevant." coming weeks, the court might have to The Suchomel letter now, corrobora­ conclude was untrue, major weight ting the equally unsolicited 1960s would have to be given to the eye­ Munzberger statement, makes it totally DEAR UKRAINIAN STORE OWNERS witness testimony," Ms. Sereny, who unacceptable. We are left unsure where attended portions of the Jerusalem trial, Demjanjuk was. But there can be no DEAR UKRAINIAN CUSTOMERS observed. Six weeks later, the judges doubt: Tvan' was in Trieste." found Mr. Demjanjuk guilty. Ms. Sereny went on to say that the Wrote Ms. Sereny: "The Danilchen­ prosecution knew about the Danilchen­ NEW ko statement had clearly given them ko statement, as well as that Ivan had trouble, but the judges apparently felt been in Trieste. This is a moral and legal WORLD reluctant to reject it. Demjanjuk had problem, she noted, adding "It seems at been posted, to both Sobibor and the very least irresponsible not to have MANAGEMENT, Treblinka, they concluded, and the found a way of informing the judges of INC. contradictions in timing between the these most important and totally ir­ Danilchenko statement and those made reconcilable facts." TOGETHER WITH by the survivors of Treblinka, which The historian concludes her article placed Demjanjuk simultaneously in thus: VNESHPOSYLTORG both camps, could be reconciled. The "John Demjanjuk's alibi is manifest­ Treblinka survivors had seen Demjan­ ly a lie and he is doubtless guilty of some announce that you can SHIP and AIR 45 POUNDS PARCELS TO UKRAINE juk there 'until the end.' The dismantl­ crime. He may even be Ivan of Treb­ WITH PREPAID CUSTOM FEES. Besides that through the Ukrainian stores which signed ing of Treblinka was in August 1943, linka, as a number of witnesses who saw an agreement with us you can also mail 22 pounds by U.S.A. Post Office. WE WILL SIGN ANY but it was possible, said the judges, that this dreaded guard day after day main­ AGREEMENTS WITH STORES AND WE DO NOT ASK FOR ANY DEPOSIT, for the survivors, with their different tain. But the verdict is now compromis­ BECAUSE WE DO BELIEVE AND WE DO TRUST YOU. perception of time 4on the planet Treb­ ed in fundamental points and so are the • Only through our New World Management, Inc. you can ship and air 45 pounds parcels with linka/ 4the end* was ill January-Fe­ tactics of the prosecution. The case, as over 400 American goods such as: clothings, food stuff, electronic and electrical appli­ bruary 1943, when the mass killings we see in this eleventh hour, is not ances, etc. there virtually ceased (but went into solved. And the death sentence has • WE CAN HELP AND ASSIST YOU TO OBTAIN FOR YOUR RELATIVES IN become unthinkable. What is at issue UKRAINE A USED CAR OR EVEN A NEW CAR. WE CAN ALSO HELP YOU TO UKRAINIAN SINGLES now is not mercy, but quite simply ESTABLISH A JOIN-VENTURE WITH PRIVATE UKRAINIAN COOPERATIVES NEWSLETTER justice..." AND FIRMS. Serving Ukrainian singles of all ages BUY U.S. Call us or write: throughout the United States and Canada. For information send a self-addressed SAVINGS NEW WORLD MANAGEMENT, stamped envelope to: For the current OOMOS 105 James Way, Southampton, Pa. 18966, Tel.: (215) 953-8795 Single Ukrainians rate call... or NWM, 3071 Second Street and Brighton Beach, P.O. Box 24733 Phila., Pa. 19111 I-800-US-BONPS Brooklyn, N.Y. 11235, Tel. (718) 646-5900 TO ALL MEMBERS OF UNA BRANCH 367, WE SPEAK AND UNDERSTAND UKRAINIAN. ZAPOROSKA SITCH SOCIETY IN ROCHESTER, NEW YORK Please take notice that I am collecting dues every Friday evening between the hours of 7 — 9 p.m. in the St. Josaphat School cafeteria at Stanton Lane, Rochester, N.Y. If you prefer to mail your dues, kindly use my home address: 370 Wilkins Street, Rochester, N.Y. 14621 All members are asked to pay their current dues as well as any arrears. Bill Popowych, Branch Secretary AMERICANS FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN UKRAINE 43 Midland Place, Newark. N.J. 07106 BUFFALO, N.Y. DISTRICT COMMITTEE express their condolences to the family of of the BOHDAN FIGLUS UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION who died in Denver, Colorado on December 14, 1988 announces that — his wife Maria — his daughter Odarka and his son Ihor ANNUAL DISTRICT COMMITTEE — his sister Ulana Loza — his brother-in-law Dr. Mykhaylo Loza MEETING to all who gave instead of flowers to a special fund in memory of Bohdan Figlus will be held we express our deep gratitude. ! $250.00 — Dr. Mykhaylo and Ulana Loza. Sunday, March 5, 1989 at 2:30 P.M. $100.00 — Oleh and Daria Chaikovsky, Maria, Ihor and Odarka Figlus, Stephen and at the Ukrainian American Civic Center, Inc. Nadia Kostyk, George and Areta Kuritza, Borys Loza, Mark and Irene Ruszczycky, Robert 205 Military Rd., Buffalo, N.Y. Stoyko, Myron and Natalia Wozniak. Obligated to attend the annual meeting as voting members are District Committee Officers, $50.00 — Alex Bejmuk, Joseph and Zora Griffo, John and Mary Jaresko, Roman and Convention Delegates and two delegates from the following Branches: Rosemery Loza, Zoriana Morozewych, Mykola and Irena Stawnychy, Dr. Eugene and Nila Steckiw, Yaroslava and Wolodymyr Stoyko, Bohdan Stoyko, Bohdan Wynar, Bozhena 40, 87, 127, 149, 304, 360 Oishaniwsky. All UNA members are welcome as guests at the meeting. >; $25.00 — Chrystyna and Taras Bryndzia, Nadia and Stephen Choma, Eugene and lozia Fedak, Bohdan and Olha Gamota, Lubomyr Koltuniuk, Zenon and Maria AGENDA: to, Marie Krotiuk, R. and L. Kuzmych, Leo and Daria Lomysh, Yaroslav and Martha 1. Opening and acceptance of the Agenda Stawnychy, Victor and Nadia Vinych. 2. Verification of quorum ff $20.00 — Walter and Tetiana Bednarsky, Olha and Ihor Czmola, Roman and Luba 3. Election of presidium Dbrnbchewsky, Petro and Adriana Dubil, Stephan and Zofia Dushenko, Irena Fedak, 4. Minutes of preceding annual meeting ian and Iryna Kosowsky, Alexander Lysko, Marian and Olena Morozewych, Oksana 5. Reports of District Committee Officers i, Neonillia Saykewych. 6. Discussion on reports and their acceptance $15.00 — Evhen Boyarsky, Borys Markevych, Andrij Skyba, Yaroslav Steciuk, Irew Vyshnycky, Ivan Wenzhiwsky, Ihor Yastremsky. 7. Election of District Committee Officers $10.00 — Andrij Iwashko, Emil Kaniuk, Yaroslav and Maria Nyzhnyk, Evgene and 8. Address by UNA Supreme Secretary, WALTER SOCHAN R|isa Petriwsky, David Trujillo. 9. Adoption of District activities program for the current year P $5.00 — Joseph Cybuch, Dmytro and Stefania Dutchak, Oksana Moshynsky, W. 10. Discussion and Resolutions Solanyk, Roxy and Frances Vendena. 11. Adjournment $2.00 — D. Lucero and family. Meeting will be attended by:

According to the wishes of the family, the money donated to the fund in memory of Walter Sochan, UNA Supreme Secretary Bohdan Figlus will be used to inform the members of the United States Congress and government about Ukrainian issues. DISTRICT COMMITTEE: EXECUTIVE BOARD OF AMERICANS Roman Konotopskyj, Chairman " v'"< v«> " FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN UKRAINE ^WiSp^ ^JM&mrHarawus, treasurer versal (they were not repeated in the Lastly, as a practical matter, no of the UNA will continue to provide UNA Washington... Fourth Universal). replica of the Fourth Universal was factual information about Ukraine and (Continued from page 7) The result of the mailing was that available. Ukrainians to the American public and legislatures of the various colonies, congressional statements addressed not If anyone has access to a replica of their elected officials, and welcomes the most notably the Commonwealth of only the declaration of Ukrainian that document and is willing to provide support and cooperation of the entire Virginia. The desire for independence independence but also the democratic it to the UNA, we would be glad to Ukrainian American community. was born from the respect for the rights heritage of the Ukrainian National utilize it in our continuing educational of man as later enumerated in the Republic. It is unfortunate that our program. Eugene Iwanciw Declaration of Independence and sub­ community has not emphasized our Let me conclude by pointing out that Director sequent documents including the Con­ proud Ukrainian heritage of freedom, the distribution of the reference ma­ UNA Washington Office stitution. and democracy, as well as our yearning terial, the Third Unviersal, and other The Third Universal demonstrates for independence. information to members of Congress conclusively that the founders of the Thirdly, the Third Universal was are part of a long-term effort to Ukrainian National Republic were written in four languages — Ukrai­ educate policy-makers about the issues establishing a true, modern democracy nian, Russian, Polish and Yiddish — facing Ukraine. The Washington Office based on individual rights and freedoms demonstrating the effort of the Ukrai­ of speech, press, religion and assembly nian Central Rada to unite all the 21st BRANCH UNWLA — and not an autocratic regime. These citizens of Ukraine and to guarantee the were enumerated in the Third Uni­ rights of minorities. CORDIALLY INVITES YOU TO A

proposed by the initiative groups of the Party attacks... Ukrainian Writers' Union and the DANCE (Continued from page 2) Institute of Literature. At this gathering, which turned into an It remains to be seen if the draft Sunday, March 5, 1989 1:00 p.m. — 6:00 p.m. impressive political demonstration, program has been watered down and in the Holy Ghost Ukrainian Catholic School Auditorium Ukrainian writers and other speakers what the reaction of the Shcherbytsky 152 North 5th Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. counter-attacked and denounced the leadership will be to what appears to be Music by "RICHARD" attitude of the Shcherbytsky leadership. an open act of defiance by Ukraine's Admission: Adult $8. Youth to 14 — Free! On February 16, Radio Kiev announ­ literary intelligentsia. ced that the literary weekly Literaturna Ukraina of the same date has published 12 DAY TRIP TO the draft program for a Ukrainian BUENOS AIRES, ARC. SPRING COURSE OF HERITAGE SCHOOL popular movement for restructuring Leaving May 14, 1989 at the Ukrainian Educational & Cultural Center Anyone interested please contact will begin on March 6, 1989 Washington... PAT at (201) 821-0826 and will offer the following classes: (Continued from page 6) BANDURA LESSIONS EASTER EGG DECORATION aliens apprehended in the territorial STOP TAXING YOURSELF, BALLROOM DANCING (PYSANKY) waters of the United States. In his HAVE A PROFESSIONAL PREPARE YOUR TAXES. comments on the bill, the Florida legis­ STEFAN KACZARAJ, C.P.A. BEADS STRINGING EMBROIDERY 98 SECOND AVENUE, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10003 CERAMICS ORNAMENTAL GARDENING lator pointed out that only Immigration (212 ) 353-2607 and Coast Guard officials are present OTHER SERVICES: CONVERSATION IN UKRAINIAN WOODCARVING when the interview with asylum seekers AUDITING, ACCOUNTING, BUSINESS TAXES, For more information please call: (215) 663-1166 takes place at sea. The recent Medvid AND COMPUTERIZED WRITE-UPS. ruling by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia would be relevant to these cases. On February 7, Rep. Jack Buechner HAPTEPOBAHI BMJIEIH (R-Mo.) introduced H.Con.Res. 46 flPflMd 3 TOPOHTO expressing the sense of the Congress regarding the removal of mines in flO KM6BA! Afghanistan by the Soviet Union. Ha nincTasi uboro — iHTypHCTCbKa Kopnopauia nonae pi3Hi, n6aMnnBo npuroTOBne- Joining Rep. Buechner as co-sponsors were Reps. Ron Wyden (D-Ore.), Tom Hi, ulKaBi eKCKypcii! npexpacHa HaroAa BiABiflaTM CBOIX pi«Hnx Ta Apy3is! Lewis (R-FIa.), Thomas Coleman (R- TYPA 'A' 15 flEHHA nOfoflKA TYPA B' 15 flEHHA nOI3flKA Mo.), Barney Frank (D-Mass.), Albert KM'I'B 1 flEHb Kkl'l'B 1 flEHb Bustamante (D-Texas), Douglas Ap- MEPHIBL4I 9 flHIB JlbBIB 9 flHIB plegate (D-Ohio), Frank Wolf (R- Kkl'l'B 3 flHI KH'I'B 3 flHI Va.), Richard Stallings (D-Idaho), Jaime Ruster (P.R.)> Timothy Penny TYPA B' 15 flEHHA nOI3flKA TYPA T 15 flEHHA nOl3flKA (D-Minn.), Robert Roe (D-N.J.), and KM'I'B 1 flEHb KHIB 5 flHIB Dana Rohrabacher (R-Calif.). TEPHOniJIb 9 flHIB 3AnOPI>K>Kfl 3 flHI Sen. Sidney Yates (D-Ill.) introduced KM'I'B 3 flHi OflECA 3 flHI H.Con.Res. 50 which would permit the JlbBIB 4 flHI use of the rotunda of the Capitol for a flATM BMHETY I 3BOPOTHI KOUITM nPBMO 3 TOPOHTO flO KHeBA ceremony to commemorate the days of remembrance of victims of the Holo­ AaTa BMnery TlpHniT AO Bee BtcmoiatOMH KOLUTH caust. 3 TOPOHTO TODOHTO S10I3AK8 noi3AKa floi3AKa rioi3AKa Sen. Edward Kennedy (D-Mass.), for 'A' 'B' 'B' r himself and Sen. Alan Simpson (R- 14 TpaBHR 28 TpaBHR $2395.00 $2345.00 $2395.00 $2495.00 Wyo.), introduced S. 358 which would 28 TpaBHR 11 MepBHR $2450.00 $2395.00 $2450.00 $2550.00 amend the Immigration and Nationality 11 MepBHR 25 MepBHR $2450.00 $2395.00 $2450.00 $2550.00 Act to change the level, and preference 25 MepBHR 9 nwiHR $2560.00 $2520.00 $2560.00 $2660.00 9 nnrtHR 23 nnrtHR $2560.00 $2520.00 $2560.00 $2660.00 system for admission, of immigrants to 23 nwiHR 6 cepnHR $2560.00 $2520.00 $2560.00 $2660.00 the United States, and to provide for 6 cepnHR 20 cepnHR $2560.00 $2520.00 $2560.00 $2660.00 administrative naturalization. In his 20 cepnHR 3 sepecHR $2450.00 $2395.00 $2450.00 $2550.00 remarks, Sen. Kennedy stated that the 3 eepecHR 17 sepecHR $2450.00 $2395.00 $2450.00 $2550.00 bill "sustains the current emphasis on 17 BepecHR 1 >KOBTHR $2395.00 $2445.00 $2395.00 $2495.00 family reunification, while at the same time opening opportunities for new • flo BMLi4e3raflaHHX CVM, exoAHTb: • OAHH BJ3MT B TeaTpj;- seed immigrants without family ties." onnaia neTiB 3 TOPOHTO i Ha3aA AO To- • flo CTO (100) cjDyHTJB nepeB03y 6ara>Ky, The bill would also increase by 100,000 POHTO Ha OflHy oco6y the current national ceiling on immigra­ • Iwa (CHirjtaHOK i O6JA) • HiMnir B roTeriK) tion. Sen. Simpson pointed out that the • Bci eKCKypcii no yKpaiHi legislation was passed by the Senate last year by a vote of 88 to 4 but the 3 npMBony onnaTM niTaKOM BIA Baiuoro Micia AO TOPOHTO Ta pe3epBauirO 3aA3BOHiTb House failed to act on it. AO CBoro areHTa noAopo>Ki. 3a JHIUMMH AOBiAKaMM Ta 6powypKOK> npo BMine 3raAaHi Typn A3BOHlTb 6e3KOiiiTOBHO 1-800-268-1785 (TJribKM B KaHaAi). 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Band Reservations: Telephone (41$) 537*2168 1315 468 0088 Telex 06-218557 Watts Line Canada 800 268 1785 Fax 416537 1627 in Branch 183 and acknowledged his plan of activity was adopted by the new Estate in July; a banquet celebrating the Detroit District... successor, Kathy Nazark. administration: a spring concert sche­ 95th anniversary of the Ukrainian (Continued from page 5) In addition to the foregoing, a special duled for April 1, featuring the Ukrai­ National Association; the annual bus ny secretaries complain about unem­ honorarium was presented to Dr. Ata- nian folklore ensemble from Poland excursion to Soyuzivka; and a fall ployment as a factor in insurance nas Slusarchuk for his enrollment of 40 called Oslaviany; the annual July social concert by a Ukrainian musical en­ solicitations/' Mr. Flis continued, "but new members during 1988, the second picnic for UNA activists at the Dibrova semble from Poland. Pittsburgh with shut down steel plants hignest in America and Canada. Dr. is demonstrating a high productivity." Slusarchuk, secretary in Branch 174, sider government policies and perfor­ In 1988, Mr. Flis reported, the fi­ was named a member of the UNA Freedom House... mance, and their alternatives, in many nancial soundness of the UNA had Champions Club for the 15th year. (Continued from page 3) formerly forbidden areas. Movies long advanced by $2.7 million. He also After these commendations, a ques­ censored or suppressed are shown. outlined the variety and intensity of tions, a question and answer session Soviet Union for greater self-determi­ Political prisoners continue to be programs promulgated, by the executive followed. After a pleasing supper, the nation, demands expressed through released. Religious and economic free­ committeee. One of the most signi­ meeting continued. popular action as well as regional doms are beginning to be countenanced. ficant was establishment of a UNA The first topic was election of officers governments, have been heard in forms In the present climate even when per­ Office in Washington. Other UNA for 1989. Mrs. Marischak, chairman of ^nd with a persistence unimaginable a sons are detained, it seems to be for beneficiaries included student scholar­ the nominations committee, presented a few years ago. The reaction of Moscow short periods. ship, additional funding for the Har­ list of candidates which was unani­ to such demands has been mixed: some With all this, it is still true that the vard Project, a generous contribution to mously approved. The following of­ have been rejected, some have met with repressive apparatus, together with the the Armenian Earthquake Fund, camps ficers were elected: Mr. Tatarsky, temporization, some seem to have been lack of political choice, that has charac­ for children, building programs, mem­ chairman; Dr. Serafyn, executive vice- tacitly accepted. terized the Soviet Union remains in bership discounts at Soyuzivka. president; Irene Pryjma, vice-chairman The main achievement, however, has place. Theoretically, the gains of the last The UNA, the president underlined, and director of fraternal affairs; Dr. been the mass organization of people, few years could be swept away over­ is vitally interested in Ukrainian issues Slusarchuk, vice-chairman; Mr. La- including Communist leaders, in the night. But one suspects it would not be on a global level. Reporters from The zarchuk, recording and correspond­ Baltic republics, Armenia, and else­ that easy. Ukrainian Weekly have been sent to ing secretary; Yaroslav Baziuk, trea­ where, to openly press for policies not Too much hope has been aroused in Leningrad, Moscow, Kiev and Lviv to surer; Stephen M. Wichar Sr., public previously approved by Moscow. too many millions; we are no longer evaluate glasnost and perestroika re­ relations (English); Wasyl Papiz, public In civil liberties, change has meant speaking of the fortunes of a heroic but forms. Sponsoring artistic groups from relations (Ukrainian); Roma Dyhdalo the development of a much more open tiny group of hard-core dissidents Poland, Australia, South America is and Zenon Wasylkevych, co-directors press. Major mass circulation publica­ shuttling between Moscow and the another forte. of special events; Dmytro Koshilowsky tions now regularly and critically con­ camps. In concluding his report, Mr. Flis and Mr. Zaluha, board members; Mrs. presented a special recognition plaque Marischak, Stella Fedyk and Joseph ers and forcing millions to choose to Mr. Zaluha for 31 years of loyal, Pastolowsky, auditors. The Washington Post... between atheism and the 'officially continuous service as financial secretary After a brief discussion, the following (Continued from page 8) sanctioned' and government-controlled the table put much faith in the slogans Russian Orthodox Church. of reform spoken every day in Moscow "But even now it is impossible here to UKRAINIAN SKI CLUB KLK, or in Gorbachev himself — 'a friendly- write about the way Brezhnev and New York looking emperor, but an emperor, Shcherbytsky purged the intelligentsia in the 1970s and stacked every level of invites its Members and their Guests to their nonetheless.' "And while they said they admire the Ukrainian party organization with Ronald Reagan and his speeches during compliant apparatchiks — a situation ANNUAL SKI RACES the Moscow summit, they could not that lingers today," he wrote. to be held at Hunter Mountain on Saturday, March 11, 1989 understand how an American president The Washington Post journalist Banquet and Awards Ceremony at the Lexington Hotel could seemingly overlook 'Moscow also wrote a companion piece to his Registration: adults — $15; students — $8; junior (under 18) — free. domination of the periphery' and say major article in the Sunday edition of Banquet (includes cocktail hour, salad bar, dinner. Price does not include alcoholic that the Soviet Union is no longer an the Washington Post which boasts a beverages): $16.00 'Evil Empire.' readership of nearly 1.1 million. children under 12 8.00 "The way we see it, Gorbachev's This second piece, which is about the a Racing to start approximately 12:30 P.M. Please report to the Ski Club Table (in the Lodge) reforms have nothing to do with inter­ outlawed Ukrainian Catholic Church, at 9 A.M. nal democracy,' Chornovil said. 'They included an interview with Ivan Hel of • Please register by mail or phone — send name, age, sex, telephone number and registration are a last bid — a bluff, in a way — to fee (make checks out to Ukrainian Ski Club) to George Popel, 68 Meadow Avenue, Franklin Lviv, a member of the Initiative Group improve the Soviet Union's dynamics Park, N.J. 08823 or call (before 10 P.M. please) (201) 297-0786. in Defense of the Ukrainian Catholic • Rooms may be reserved at the Lexington Hotel (first come, first served) by calling with other countries in order to get Church. Mr. Remnick reported that (518) 989-9797. Mention KLK. Breakfast and room, $25.00 per person. technology and aid from abroad and despite the repressions of the last 43 improve the economy.' " years, the "Ukrainian Catholic Church Mr. Remnick reports on the various has persisted. Priests train for three emerging cultural, environmental and years in the underground seminar activist groups springing up in western classes that move from apartment to Ukraine, as well as the capital city of apartment to avoid the local KGB. Kiev, mentioning the Lev Society and Masses are held in kitchens, basements, its musical section, "Don't Worry," as wheat fields," he wrote. well as the Green World and Noosfera According to Mr. Hel, Mr. Gorba­ environmental groups. chev has promised a more liberal law on Writing about the stagnation experi­ religious practices in the Soviet Union, enced in the Ukrainian republic Mr. but, writes Mr. Remnick, Hel and Remnick points out: other activists are waiting to see if that "Only now are historians here allow­ law will embrace their own cause. ed to publish reports about the 'great ARE YOU PLANNING collectivization' of the countryside in "I don't think Mr. Gorbachev in his the early 1930s, during which millions heart wants to do it," Mr. Hel said. "He A WEDDING RECEPTION? of Ukrainian farmers were forcibly is the product of an imperial, A FAMILY CIRCLE herded off their lands, sent to labor totalitarian system, and his reforms will CELEBRATION? camps and starved to death during an only strengthen his power and the A CLASS REUNION? artificially created famine. power of the system. My optimism A MEETING? "Only now are journalists here begin­ comes from elsewhere — from the faith ning to write how Stalin crushed the of our people and the pressure and OR A CANDLELIGHT Ukrainian Catholic Church in 1946, moral support of the world outside," DINNER? killing thousands of priests and believ­ Mr. Hel told Mr. Remnick. SOYUZIVKA WILL BE OPEN SOYUZIVKA IS ACCEPTING Ukraine. Fifty-one million people live IN MARCH NOW RESERVATIONS Gorbachev's visit... here. The whole fabric of the Soviet FOR 1990 (Continued from page 1) Union would be amiss and perestroika These people held banners charging: would fail," the Soviet president was "Nationalism puts the brakes on quoted by The Post as having said. He VARIED MENUS perestroika" the message was printed in added, however, that "you can't say we Ukrainian letters, but slipped into don't respect the language and the ARC AVAILABLE Russian in the middle, the AP reported culture of Ukraine." on February 23. Unlike his trips to Kiev and Lviv, Mr. The Soviet leader told a group of coal Gorbachev's appearance in Donetske COrOSIBKA • SOYUZIVKA miners in Donetske on February 22 that caused no disturbances. he would not tolerate mudh political During his visit to Kiev, Mr. dissent in the Soviet Union's second Gorbachev had indicated interest in most populous republic, reported The visiting the Chornobyl power plant, site Washington Post. of the world's worst nuclear accident in "You can only imagine what would April 1986. No details on the trip have happen if there were disorder in been given. U.S. Helsinki... (Continued from page 9) Ukrainian National Association: 95 years of service sinki Group — as examples of entities with an established record of assisting in this area. 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Box 121 Hamptonburgh, N.Y. 109i6 Tel.: (914) 427-2684 $50.00 TOUR CREDIT BONUS $50.00 BOHDAN REKSHYNSKYJ 45 East 7th Street This BONUS CREDIT to be returned to KOBASNIUK TRAVEL INC. together with your 1989 Ukraine Tour Registration coupon New York, N.Y, 10003 ., v. w BEFORE MARCH 3, 1989 for per person credit toward your final tour payment. Tel.: (212) 477 6523 February 28 Council of the Ukrainian National f PREVIEW OF EVENTS Women's League of America invites the \ DETROIT: Prof. Roman Szporluk of Appeal invites the public to a meeting public to an "author's night" at 6:30 | the University of Michigan will speak Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Stu­ with Dr. James Mace and Dr. Oleh p.m. in St. Josaphat's Astrodome, ] about the "Cultural Revolution and dies will discuss "The Social Impact of Weres of the United States Commission featuring Dr. Martha Bohachevsky- ! Political Crisis in Ukraine Today" at 11 the Chernobyl Disaster"at 11:30a.m. in on the Ukraine Famine at 1:30 p.m. in Chomiak, author of the recently pub- | a.m. in the Student Center Building, the Student Center Building, Hillbery- the Ukrainian Culture Center, 4315 lished "Feminists Despite Themselves \ Hilberry-A, Wayne State University, as C, Wayne State University. The lecture Melrose Ave. Dr. Mace, the commis­ Worrlen in Ukrainian Community Life § part of a "Chornobyl Awareness Week," is part of a "Chornobyl Awareness sion's staff director, will discuss the 1884-1939." A reception will follow. § organized by Wayne State's Ukrainian Week," sponsored by Wayne State's commission's work during the past Admission is $5 per person, $3 fori Student Organization. Ukrainian Student Organization. three years and the work that needs to senior citizens and students. For more | March 4 be completed by 1990. Dr. Weres, a information call Nadia Deychakiwsky, I (216) 526-6863, * I March 2 public member of the commission's WARREN, Mich.: The Ukrainian board of directors, will discuss the plans of the commission and review a number PHILADELPHIA: The Ukrainian Student Organization of Wayne State of recent developments in Ukraine Student Hromada at the University of University, the Ukrainian Engineers PARMA, Ohio: The Taras Shevchen- \ regarding the 1932-33 Ukrainian fam­ Pennsylvania will sponsor a screening Society of America and Ukrainian ko School of Ukrainian Studies of St. \ ine. Admission is $5 for adults and free of the film "Eye on Ukrainians in Graduates of Detroit and Windsor will Vladimir's Ukrainian Orthodox Cathe- \ for children and high school students. America" at 7:30 p.m. in the Bowler sponsor a lecture by Dr. David Marples dral will sponsor an "Embroidered \ All profits will be donated to the Room (ground floor) on Houston Hall, on his book "The Social Impact of the Ball" dinner/dance immediately follow- \ commission. For more information call 3417 Spruce St., on the U. of P. campus, Chornobyl Disaster" at 7:30 p.m. in the ing the 6 p.m. vespers in church, in St. = the center, (213) 665-3703. as part of the fourth annual Ukrainian Ukrainian Cultural Center, Ryan and Vladimir's parish center. The Troyanda j Film Festival. For more information 11 Mile Road. vocal ensemble will perform after \ call (215) 243-7776. March 10 dinner. Music for dancing will be : March 5 provided by the Ukrainian orchestra | DETROIT: The Ukrainian Student CLEVELAND: Dr. Martha Bohachev- Romen. Tickets are $17 per person and \ sky-Chomiak will speak about "Ethnic Organization at Wayne State Universi­ BROOKLYN, N.Y.: Branch 21 of the may be purchased by calling the parish I Women in Community Work: Histori­ ty will sponsor a screening of "The Bell Ukrainian National Women's League office, (216) 886-1528 or 459-0229. J of America will host a dance, featuring cal Contributions," at 6 p.m. at Cleve­ of Chornobyl," a film about the Chor­ the music of "Richard," 1 to 6 p.m., in land State University, Euclid and 21st nobyl nuclear explosion, at 1:30 p.m. in the Holy Ghost Ukrainian Catholic St. Room 109, as part of a "Women in Room 110 in Kresge Library, as part of March 12 | School auditorium, 152 N. Fifth St. History Week" program. The lecture is its "Chornobyl Awareness Week." I Admission is $5 for adults, free for free and open to the public. SAN FRANCISCO: Dr. James Mace j youth up to age 14. will speak on the progress and prospects j March 3 March 11 of the Commission on the Ukraine j LOS ANGELES: The Los Angeles Famine at 2 p.m. at the Ukrainian \ DETROIT: Dr. David Marples of the Ukrainian Famine Commission Fund PARMA, Ohio: The Ohio Regional Orthodox Church, 345 Seventh St. \ i modernization of our insurance com­ Supreme Assembly and within the institutions. The UNA does this regu­ Supreme Secretary... pany with the introduction of IBM's ranks of workers in the UNA's Main larly, but maybe due to unexplained (Continued from page 5) newest computers in our UNA Main Office. Our young generation regretful­ modesty it does not provide enough many new classes in our life insurance. Office. ly does not express enough interest in information about this to the Ukrainian Such reforms and new classes of insur­ the fate of the UNA, although we look community. ance were introduced in 1950, 1954, Do you see a possibility for UNA in their direction with the motto "with 1958 and in June 1965. Most recently, expansion in the near future? eyes toward youth" in the hope that Which facet of UNA activity should we again introduced reforms and new The UNA has big growth possibilities these young Ukrainians will neverthe­ be the most important in your opinion? classes of insurance in September 1987 in the future, because it has a very good less come to the UNA, work for and on the basis of the new mortality tables and competitive product and great assume its leadership. To respond to this is very difficult. from 1980. This is our greatest achieve­ benefits for UNA membership and As I mentioned before, the culmina­ The insurance department is our bread ment in the life insurance department, insurance. Much help in this area will tion of our activity in America were the and butter, because it provides the and with these new insurance classes come from the computerization of actions and dedication of the Taras means for broad UNA activity. But it is and new certificates we now compete UNA business. But in order to succeed, Shevchenko monument in Washington, not an end in itself, as I mentioned with the biggest commercial insurance for the UNA to expand, a third factor is as well as in Canada, in Winnipeg, and earlier. In my opinion, the motto "with companies, with low payments, as well indispensable: the individual. And thus the First World Congress of Free eyes toward youth" indicated for us the as — in an even greater measure we now feel a lack of young UNA Ukrainians. direction of our activity for the future. more and better benefits in membership activists in the field, in the branches and Since the beginning of the 1970s the So we need to constantly care about its and insurance at the UNA. districts, in the organizing positions Or total of UNA membership has steadily studies by distributing scholarships, Here I must add that in the last two as insurance salespersons, and finally dropped, as has the activity and dyna­ care about their newly formed families years we also made great progress in the we deeply feel a lack of them in the mism of our Ukrainian community. with insurance and mortgages for their Admittedly, a great stimulusthat revita­ homes, and along with this, care about Turning the pages back... lized the activity of our youth came in their employment and involvement — (Continued from page 6) the 1970s in the form of actions in jobs at the UNA, either in the field, of in March 1917, Narbut moved to Kiev and by October was asked to become at defense of Ukrainian political prisoners the Main Office, or also in the UNA professor of graphics at the newly established Ukrainian Academy of Art; in 1918, — patriots (whom we for some reason Supreme Assembly — all so important he became the rector of the academy. During his brief, yet prolific period in Kiev, he refer to only as dissidents). for the UNA's future. served as the spirit of Kiev's art world, attracting a following among many Ukrain­ We hold the key to youth with out ian cultural activists. publications, Svoboda and The Ukrain­ What do you believe you must do in the It was at this time that he designed a number of graphic projects for the new ian Weekly, but all of our efforts to future to secure the UNA's prestige in Ukrainian National Republic, including its banknotes, postage stamps, seals, draw into the ranks of UNA members a the Ukrainian community? certificates, as well as ex libris and covers of magazines, (Nashe Mynule and greater number of the Ukrainian young­ Mystetstvo). He also illustrated Ivan Kotliarevsky's "Eneida,"as well as a primer er generation have not yet met our Through our press, Svoboda and The on the Ukrainian alphabet. intended goals. We need to work harder Ukrainian Weekly, we should secure the For a few decades after his death, Narbut's works were banned in Soviet Ukraine, in this direction, because modern life UNA's prestige with regular informa­ however, in the late 1950s, he was partially rehabilitated. insurance and computerization will not tion about UNA activity in community, be able to give us the expected success educational, religious, scholarly and without this third important factor — cultural. the young generation of Ukrainians in But we do not sufficiently inform the America and Canada. Ukrainian community about all this. The UNA is called "Batko Soyuz" — What should be the main task of the and not without good reason. It is like a UNA in the future? father for the Ukrainian communities in America and Canada, as well as a From the UNA's very beginnings our protector of Ukrainian settlers in coun­ activists did not live "by bread alone," tries all over the world. All this and aid because life insurance was only the to the Ukrainian people in captive means for the development of the multi- Ukraine give the UNA prestige and a faceted activity of the UNA and the deserving place in the Ukrainian dias­ whole Ukrainian community. The UNA pora. has stayed the same to this day. Our Whether or not one wants to admit it, community is impressed by the UNA, the Ukrainian National Association not only by our modern insurance and was, is and will be a great Ukrainian computers, but foremostly by our institution, conscious of its mission, an multi-faceted work, and moral and institution, which cares about its mem­ financial support oi all important bers, Ukrainians in diaspora, and about Ukrainian activities and Ukrainian the Ukrainian cause.