Master List of Actions on the Reduction And/Or Elimination of Releases of Pops
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME Chemicals MMAASSTTEERR LLIISSTT OOFF AACCTTIIOONNSS On the Reduction and/or Elimination of the Releases of Persistent Organic Pollutants Fourth Edition Prepared by UNEP Chemicals June 2002 INTER-ORGANIZATION PROGRAMME FOR THE SOUND MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICALS IOMC A cooperative agreement among UNEP, ILO, FAO, WHO, UNIDO, UNITAR and OECD This publication is produced within the framework of the Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC) The Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC), was established in 1995 by UNEP, ILO, FAO, WHO, UNIDO and OECD (Participating Organizations), following recommendations made by the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development to strengthen cooperation and increase coordination in the field of chemical safety. In January 1998, UNITAR formally joined the IOMC as a Participating Organization. The purpose of the IOMC is to promote coordination of the policies and activities pursued by the Participating Organizations, jointly or separately, to achieve the sound management of chemicals in relation to human health and the environment. The photograph on the cover page was taken by Steve C. Delaney. Copies of this report are available from: UNEP Chemicals 11-13, chemin des Anémones CH-1219 Châtelaine, GE Switzerland Phone: +41 22 917 1234 Fax: +41 22 797 3460 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.chem.unep.ch/pops UNEP CHEMICALS UNEP Chemicals is part of UNEP’s Technology, Industry and Economics Division UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME Chemicals MMAASSTTEERR LLIISSTT OOFF AACCTTIIOONNSS On the Reduction and/or Elimination of the Releases of Persistent Organic Pollutants Fourth Edition Issued by UNEP Chemicals Geneva, Switzerland June 2002 Table of contents Page Executive summary i Introduction xvii Organization and xviii structure of the tables Chapter 1 Information on global activities aiming at the reduction 1 and/or elimination of releases of POPs received from Inter-Governmental Organizations. Chapter 2 Information on regional and/or sub-regional activities 13 aiming at the reduction and/or elimination of the releases of POPs received from Inter-Governmental Organizations. Chapter 3 Country contributions: Assessment and Monitoring 21 projects of POPs chemicals. Chapter 4 Country contributions: Information on POPs National 121 Action Plans aiming at the reduction and/or elimination of the releases of POPs. Chapter 5 Country contributions: Information on the regulatory 151 status of POPs, bans, restrictions, and/or other legal permitted uses. Chapter 6 Information received from Non-Governmental 241 Organizations on activities aiming at the reduction and/or elimination of releases of POPs. Annex 1 Form: Country contributions: assessment and 253 monitoring projects of POPs (corresponding with chapter 3). Annex 2 Form: Country contributions: Information on POPs 254 National Action Plans, aiming at the reduction and/or elimination of releases of POPs Chemicals (corresponding with chapter 4). Annex 3 Form: Country contributions: Information on the 257 regulatory status of the POPs Chemical; bans, restrictions, and/or other legal permitted uses (corresponding with chapter 5). EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In response to the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme decision 19/13C, which requests UNEP to develop a global, legally binding instrument on persistent organic pollutants (POPs), UNEP initiated a number of activities. There are also activities undertaken by Governments and organizations at the national, regional and international levels. It became clear that there is a need to co-ordinate work being done to eliminate releases of POPs to help ensure effective and efficient use of resources. To facilitate such co-ordination, UNEP has developed the Master List of Actions on the Reduction and/or Elimination of Releases of POPs. This executive summary of the Master List of Actions provides, in geographical maps, the country contributions to the Master list of Actions. The data included below is a summary of what was provided from Governments without verification as to their accuracy. The data is generally insufficient to assess global use patterns. 1.1 OBJECTIVE This executive summary aims at helping visualizing country activities (ongoing, planned and concurrent) on POPs. This document includes maps where, due to the scale, not all countries/states are visible. Details on countries that do not appear on these maps can be found in the Master List of Actions. i 1.2 ORGANIZATION AND STRUCTURE The data used for the Maps in the executive summary to the Master list is collected from the chapters 3, 4 and 5 of the master list, the country contributions, compiled from submissions received from the governmental POPs Focal Points. n Chapter 3: Country contributions: Assessment and monitoring projects of POPs chemicals. n Chapter 4: Country contributions: Information on POPs National Action Plans aiming at the reduction and/or elimination of the releases of POPs. n Chapter 5: Country contributions: Information on the regulatory status of POPs; bans, restrictions, and/or other legal permitted uses. The following 14 maps are developed. All maps are accompanied with a short summary and legend: n Map 1: Overview on all reporting Countries to the Master List n Map 2: Countries having planned, ongoing or concurrent Monitoring & Assessment activities n Map 3: Countries having National Action Plans on POPs n Map 4: Legal status Aldrin n Map 5: Legal status Chlordane n Map 6: Legal status DDT n Map 7: Legal status Dieldrin n Map 8: Legal status Dioxins/Furans n Map 9: Legal status Endrin n Map 10: Legal status Heptachlor n Map 11: Legal status Hexachlorobenzene n Map 12: Legal status Mirex n Map 13: Legal status PCBs n Map 14: Legal status Toxaphene ii MAP 1 OVERVIEW ON REPORTING COUNTRIES TO THE MASTER LIST Over 100 countries submitted contributions to the 2002 edition of the Master List of Actions on the Reduction and/or Elimination of the Releases of Persistent Organic Pollutants. Map 1 shows the geographical distribution of these countries. Sub-Saharan Africa and West and Southern Asia are under- represented in this survey. = Countries reported to the Master List iii MAP 2 COUNTRIES HAVING PLANNED, ONGOING OR CONCURRENT MONITORING & ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES 76 countries reported on some form of planned, ongoing or concurrent monitoring and assessment activities. These reports include a wide range of POPs -specific projects, research programs, monitoring programs, etc. The activities are undertaken at the regional, national or sub-national level. The main focus is on water quality. PCBs and pesticides specific programs are among the most common of these monitoring activities. = Countries reported having Monitoring & Assessment Activities iv MAP 3 COUNTRIES HAVING NATIONAL ACTION PLANS ON POPS 65 countries submitted information on POPs National Action Plans aimed at the reduction and/or elimination of the releases of POPs into the environment. Around 50% of these countries reported the existence of a National Action Plan, although mostly under another broader action plan. Several countries have reported a series of documents, either for specific POPs or relevant to a certain problem, like obsolete stocks or malaria prevention, or for specific regions, or to the existence of special regimes for vulnerable areas or water bodies. The other half of the countries responding reported the absence of a national action plan for POPs. = Countries reported having National Action Plans on POPs v MAP 4 LEGAL STATUS: ALDRIN Aldrin is banned for all uses in most countries in Europe, North and Latin America and South-East Asia that reported. The number of countries that report “No action/allowed” for use seems to be limited. = banned = restricted = no action/permitted vi MAP 5 LEGAL STATUS: CHLORDANE Chlordane is banned for all uses in most countries in Europe, North and Latin America and South-East Asia that reported, but to a lesser extent than Aldrin. Several countries continue to allow Chlordane for specific uses. = banned = restricted = no action/permitted vii MAP 6 LEGAL STATUS: DDT DDT use is banned in most of the countries around the world that reported. Some countries continue to rely on this POP for specific uses. Among those mentioned are malaria (vector) control and wood preservation. = banned = restricted = no action/permitted viii MAP 7 LEGAL STATUS: DIELDRIN Controls on the use of Dieldrin around the world are comparable to Aldrin (map 4). It is generally banned for all uses in most of the countries in Europe, North and Latin America and South-East Asia that reported. The number of countries that continue to permit the use of the chemicals seems to be very limited. = banned = restricted = no action/permitted ix MAP 8 LEGAL STATUS: DIOXINS AND FURANS Dioxins and Furans are not produced for commercial purposes but produced unintentionally as a byproduct of industrial or combustion processes. The releases of these POPs can be limited through various means including the establish emissions standards. Only 30 countries reported that they had enacted such standards for the 2002 edition of the Master List of Actions. = = Emission standards, or other regulatory action taken x MAP 9 LEGAL STATUS: ENDRIN Endrin is banned for all uses in most of the countries in Europe, North and Latin America and South-East Asia that reported, although not to the extent of Aldrin (map 4) and Dieldrin (map 7). Where its use is restricted,