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THE BRITISH ARMY in the LOW COUNTRIES, 1793-1814 By
‘FAIRLY OUT-GENERALLED AND DISGRACEFULLY BEATEN’: THE BRITISH ARMY IN THE LOW COUNTRIES, 1793-1814 by ANDREW ROBERT LIMM A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY. University of Birmingham School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law October, 2014. University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The history of the British Army in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars is generally associated with stories of British military victory and the campaigns of the Duke of Wellington. An intrinsic aspect of the historiography is the argument that, following British defeat in the Low Countries in 1795, the Army was transformed by the military reforms of His Royal Highness, Frederick Duke of York. This thesis provides a critical appraisal of the reform process with reference to the organisation, structure, ethos and learning capabilities of the British Army and evaluates the impact of the reforms upon British military performance in the Low Countries, in the period 1793 to 1814, via a series of narrative reconstructions. This thesis directly challenges the transformation argument and provides a re-evaluation of British military competency in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. -
Uitslagmarmotte2012
Alpedhuezfietsreizen.nl Gén. Startnummer Achternam Vornaam Tijd Categorie Cl_Cat Achterstand Herkomst 1 1346 ARMÉE SANDER 05:33:14:31 C 1 0:00:00 30 / HERENT / BEL 2 9916 VAN DAMME BART 05:37:34:71 D 1 0:04:20 91 / LOKEREN / BEL 3 5 SNEL MICHEL 05:40:00:90 E 1 0:06:46 88 / PLOMBIERES LES BAINS / FRA 4 57 HOLLANDERS DRIES 05:40:27:02 C 2 0:07:13 90 / HEUSDEN / BEL 5 47 BURY BART 05:40:27:86 D 2 0:07:13 50 / MEUX / BEL 6 9914 MOTTE DAVID 05:42:31:52 C 3 0:09:17 15 / HERNE / BEL 7 271 VAN LOOY DIEGO 05:42:42:11 C 4 0:09:28 28 / Hombeek / BEL 8 94 CANOY BASTIEN 05:43:14:53 D 3 0:10:00 33 / DORDRECHT / HOL 9 9913 HOUBEN KRISTOF 05:43:44:85 D 4 0:10:30 36 / GENK / BEL 10 1335 SCHMEITZ PABLO 05:44:12:63 C 5 0:10:58 61 / BROEKSITTARD / HOL 11 9911 DEURBROECK BART 05:48:35:52 D 5 0:15:21 95 / VIANE / BEL 12 9973 BONNET SEBASTIEN 05:50:54:80 D 6 0:17:40 38 / ECHIROLLES / FRA 13 513 SCHERMER WIL 05:52:13:77 G1 1 0:18:59 15 / ZAANDAM / HOL 14 124 GRAAFMANS SJEF 05:52:23:48 E 2 0:19:09 51 / DONGEN / HOL 15 164 LINKIS JACOB 05:55:50:77 C 6 0:22:36 82 / AARHUS N / DAN 16 836 ERICSSON PATRICK 05:56:13:09 C 7 0:22:59 23 / TRELLEBORG / SUE 17 55 SCALES RICHARD 05:56:28:16 E 3 0:23:14 06 / VALBONNE / FRA 18 140 GLORIEUX FREDERIC 05:57:13:39 D 7 0:23:59 98 / ZULTE / BEL 19 106 LEBLACHER ERIC 05:57:41:51 D 8 0:24:27 77 / ARMENTIERES EN BRIE / FRA 20 170 NIJSSEN KENNY 05:57:49:03 C 8 0:24:35 20 / HAARLEM / HOL 21 318 KING ALEXANDER 05:57:56:24 C 9 0:24:42 SL / LONDRES / ANG 22 1395 HEYNS NILS 06:00:01:35 C 10 0:26:47 25 / LINT / BEL 23 75 PHANON JEROME 06:00:21:87 -
Maps -- by Region Or Country -- Eastern Hemisphere -- Europe
G5702 EUROPE. REGIONS, NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. G5702 Alps see G6035+ .B3 Baltic Sea .B4 Baltic Shield .C3 Carpathian Mountains .C6 Coasts/Continental shelf .G4 Genoa, Gulf of .G7 Great Alföld .P9 Pyrenees .R5 Rhine River .S3 Scheldt River .T5 Tisza River 1971 G5722 WESTERN EUROPE. REGIONS, NATURAL G5722 FEATURES, ETC. .A7 Ardennes .A9 Autoroute E10 .F5 Flanders .G3 Gaul .M3 Meuse River 1972 G5741.S BRITISH ISLES. HISTORY G5741.S .S1 General .S2 To 1066 .S3 Medieval period, 1066-1485 .S33 Norman period, 1066-1154 .S35 Plantagenets, 1154-1399 .S37 15th century .S4 Modern period, 1485- .S45 16th century: Tudors, 1485-1603 .S5 17th century: Stuarts, 1603-1714 .S53 Commonwealth and protectorate, 1660-1688 .S54 18th century .S55 19th century .S6 20th century .S65 World War I .S7 World War II 1973 G5742 BRITISH ISLES. GREAT BRITAIN. REGIONS, G5742 NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. .C6 Continental shelf .I6 Irish Sea .N3 National Cycle Network 1974 G5752 ENGLAND. REGIONS, NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. G5752 .A3 Aire River .A42 Akeman Street .A43 Alde River .A7 Arun River .A75 Ashby Canal .A77 Ashdown Forest .A83 Avon, River [Gloucestershire-Avon] .A85 Avon, River [Leicestershire-Gloucestershire] .A87 Axholme, Isle of .A9 Aylesbury, Vale of .B3 Barnstaple Bay .B35 Basingstoke Canal .B36 Bassenthwaite Lake .B38 Baugh Fell .B385 Beachy Head .B386 Belvoir, Vale of .B387 Bere, Forest of .B39 Berkeley, Vale of .B4 Berkshire Downs .B42 Beult, River .B43 Bignor Hill .B44 Birmingham and Fazeley Canal .B45 Black Country .B48 Black Hill .B49 Blackdown Hills .B493 Blackmoor [Moor] .B495 Blackmoor Vale .B5 Bleaklow Hill .B54 Blenheim Park .B6 Bodmin Moor .B64 Border Forest Park .B66 Bourne Valley .B68 Bowland, Forest of .B7 Breckland .B715 Bredon Hill .B717 Brendon Hills .B72 Bridgewater Canal .B723 Bridgwater Bay .B724 Bridlington Bay .B725 Bristol Channel .B73 Broads, The .B76 Brown Clee Hill .B8 Burnham Beeches .B84 Burntwick Island .C34 Cam, River .C37 Cannock Chase .C38 Canvey Island [Island] 1975 G5752 ENGLAND. -
2020 Recent Acquisitions
2020 RECENT ACQUISITIONS OLD MASTER PAINTINGS 11 Duke Street, St. James’s, London SW1Y 6BN Telephone: +44 (0) 20 7930 1144 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7976 1596 Email: [email protected] Website: www.rafaelvalls.co.uk @rafaelvallsgallery Member of SLAD ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are extremely grateful to the following for their generous help in the writing of this catalogue: Daphne Dorel, David Geggus, Claudine Lebrun Jouve, Kate Lowe, Jan Michel Massing, Elizabeth McGrath, Fred Meijer, Michael Ohajuru, Susan Peabody, Rowland Rhodes and Jamie Rountree. Front and Back Cover: Louis Gentile, Il Cousin ‘A Double Portrait of Adele, Daughter of the Comte de Carcasonne, together with Don Guillen Damiser de Moncada in Commemoration of their Marriage circa 1030’, (detail) cat. no. 14. Catalogue of Works The catalogue is arranged in alphabetical order 1. Jan Asselijn 2. Jan Asselijn 3. Osias Beert I 4. Jacob Bogdani 5. Ferdinand Bol 6. Bartolomeus Breenbergh 7. Elias van den Broeck 8. François Bunel II & Studio 9. Francesco Codino 10. Edwaert Collier 11. David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl 12. Marie Margaretha La Fargue 13. Frans Francken II 14. Louis Gentile, Il Cousin 15. Karl Girardet 16. Karl Girardet 17. Jan Josefsz van Goyen 18. Franciscus Gysbrechts 19. Samuel van Hoogstraten 20. Jules Romain Joyant 21. Carlo Labruzzi 22. Pascuale Mattej 23. Jan Miel 24. Circle of Robert Peake 25. Jean Pillement 26. Franz Rösel von Rosenhof 27. Enoch Seeman 28. John Thomas Serres 29. Johann Friedrich Seupel 30. Maerten Boelema de Stomme 31. Nicolas Antoine Taunay 32. Jan Tilius 33. Cornelis van de Velde 34. Charles Wautier 35. -
Clothing Guide - Women Version 1.3 - May 2020
Clothing Guide - Women version 1.3 - May 2020 Table of Contents Clothing Guide - Women Version 1.3 - May 2020 Foreword.........................................4 Introduction.....................................5 The minimum of a lady's wardrobe ...6 Materials..........................................7 General considerations.....................8 Shift /shirt........................................9 First layer of dress..........................10 Basic Kirtle.....................................10 Longsleeved kirtle.........................................................12 The kirtle without waist-seam......................................13 Pattern kirtle with waist-seam................................14 Bodice.............................................................................14 Pattern kirtle without waist-seam.........................16 Gowns and overdresses...................17 Overdress........................................................................17 Gowns.............................................................................17 Pattern overdress..........................................................19 Pattern houppelande....................................................19 Pattern pleated gown...................................................22 Colours............................................................................22 Dress Accessoires............................22 Headwear.......................................................................22 Basic belt.........................................................................22 -
St. George's International School
ST. GEORGE’S INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL SWITZERLAND ACADEMIC PROFILE FOR UNIVERSITY ADMISSIONS 2018/2019 WELCOME SECONDARY SCHOOL PROGRAMMES St. George’s International School is an independent INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE (IB) DIPLOMA international Day and Boarding School community, of over Class size varies from 1 to 20 students in the Senior 400 boys and girls aged between 1.5 and 18. Approximately department, with the average being 12. In September 20% of our students are British, amongst the over 60 2006, the school adopted the International Baccalaureate different nationalities represented in this year’s student Diploma. body. The language of instruction is English. We have a thriving bilingual English/French programme and many of Currently offered: our students are truly multilingual. • English Literature (HL/SL) • Business Management • English Language & (HL/SL) MISSION STATEMENT Literature (HL/SL) • Economics (HL/SL) • French Language & • Geography (HL/SL) Literature (HL/SL) • History (HL/SL) St. George’s International, Boarding & Day School, founded • English B (HL) • Biology (HL/SL) in 1927, aims to educate young minds and equip its pupils to • French B (HL/SL) • Chemistry (HL/SL) become global citizens – inspired innovators of tomorrow. • French ab initio • Physics (HL/SL) A well-structured, enquiry based curriculum, rooted in • German B (HL,SL) • Visual Arts (HL/SL) academic rigour, with an emphasis on the Performing Arts, • Spanish B (HL,SL) • Music (HL/SL) Sport and Co-curricular Activities enables us to reach our • Mother tongue A (SL) • Computer Science goals for every pupil, whilst allowing them to fulfil their Chinese, Hebrew, Turkish, (SL) own. Spanish, Russian, and • Environmental Japanese Systems & Societies • Mathematics (SL/HL) (SL) We achieve this by providing a safe, caring and nurturing • Maths Studies (SL) environment where everyone feels valued and respected, and where all students are actively engaged in, and have a desire for learning. -
Dragon the Voice of the Companie of Saynte George
DRAGON THE VOICE OF THE COMPANIE OF SAYNTE GEORGE CONTENTS Pg. 3 MEDIEVAL CLOTH, by Dave KEY Pg. 10 ELLS, AUNES & BRACCIA, by Gerry EMBLETON and John HOWE Pg. 11 SWORDS, by Peter JOHNSSON Pg. 17 TENTS, by Gerry EMBLETON DRAGON No. 10 SUMMER 2000 EDITORIAL Dragon is back. Admittedly, given our publi defintive statements, but more as white pebbles shing record, other animals spring more readily dropped along the endless road of research and to mind - the cicada, sleeping for several years, greater understanding of the period. They are or perhaps the phoenix, reborn from its own open invitations for discussion, appeals for new ashes. documents and additional information. We are proud to have three comprehensive As ever, optimism is our greatest and perhaps articles in this issue - cloth, swords and tents. most pardonable fault. We would like to conti Dave Key has put together a wide survey of nue at a rate of not less than two issues per year. cloth types, with particular reccommendations Thankfully, Issue 11 is in the hands of Martin for both our period and our stations, Peter Jungnickel, who is preparing an additonal Johnsson shares his thoughts and experience on article on tents, a survey of soldier's clothing the fine art of swordsmi thing, and Gerry has and an overview of medieval pottery. Odds & updated with a great deal of new research his Ends will expand to include much more of the article on tents from Dragon N o.5. On the mundane and the sublime. See you there! authors' behalf, I would like to underline that they do not in any -
MILANESE ARTILLERY by Luca and Robert GIRJB0NE
DRAGON THE VOICE OF THE COMPANIE OF SAYNT GEORGE CONTENTS MILANESE ARTILLERY By Luca and Robert GIRJB0NE BEND• S By Dave Key A FIFIEENTH• CENTURY LEATHER MIITEN By Dave Key The J<arlsrurn, Pooon Al;;o: I HOUGHTS ON TENTS• . ITALIA'J FIELD FOR 1450 T\FlCAl 10:\5, A JOURNEY BY SEA, THE SECO'\'D BATlLE OF SAINT ALBANS, ODDS 'N' ENDS DRAGON No.12 SUMMER 2003 EDITORIAL ragon 12 is proud to present extra hand~. and finally 10 imagine macy with a given genre is a handi yet another list. translated a fuU artillery tram tha1 might have cap as well a, a necessity. and the D from the original llalian by ,tretched over a mile. number of ume, I have seen some Robena and Luca Giribone. Medi- Dave Key has done extensive thing new in a familiar image is eval mili1aryaccoun1sarecomposed research into Bend,. Credit must go sobering to say 1hc least. primarily of such things, and while 10 Dave for researching the texts, Dave's aniclc on the Thames rniuen they may seem more 1be domain of and 1he familiar glow ofembarasse is especial!} enlightening. giving us Professor Dryasdw,1, !hey are rich ment 10 the foreheads of !hose of us an in-depth glimpse of the precise mines of information. One is s1ruck who have never e,en ooliced bend, consm1c1iion of an object most of by the sheer size of ··small" artil- before, while they are right there in us are only able 10 glimp,e through lery trains. A breech for a bombard the middle of paintings we know a glass - and darkly at that. -
Reassessing English Alabaster Carving: Medieval Sculpture and Its
Reassessing English Alabaster Carving: Medieval Sculpture and its Contexts PhD, University of East Anglia, Art History and World Art Studies December, 2018 Lloyd de Beer 1 Abstract Alabaster sculptures in the form of panels for altarpieces or free standing images were one of the most significant artistic outputs of late medieval England, but they remain poorly understood. They have, moreover, featured only rarely in wider art-historical studies of the later European Middle Ages. On one hand this is a historiographical predicament. For ideological and aesthetic reasons, English alabaster was quarantined; it was seen as an isolated and provincial phenomenon by a series of scholars writing from the late nineteenth century onwards. The narrow picture they formed has remained firmly in place. On the other hand the destructive consequences of the English Reformation continue to obscure our view. Many hundreds of panels are broken or dispersed as a result of sixteenth-century iconoclasm, and there is little surviving documentary evidence to identify who made them or where they were made for. The central aim of this thesis is to reassess English alabasters by exploring them in their proper European contexts. Chapter One sets the scene by outlining the status and significance of English alabaster carving after the Reformation. From here the discussion moves on in Chapters Two and Three to explore the production of altarpieces and free-standing sculptures. Chapter Four builds on this approach by reuniting a single altarpiece, before zooming out to address the trade, reception and functions of Continental prints and sculptures circulating between England and the Low Countries. -
'Het Redres Der Finantiën'
‘Het Redres der Finantiën’ Public Finance and Economic Reform during the Batavian Revolution RMA Thesis Modern History 1500-2000 Alexander van den Berg (3801586) Utrecht University 22-08-2016 Supervisors: Prof. Dr. Joost Jonker & Prof. Dr. Oscar Gelderblom First examiner: Prof. Dr. Joost Jonker Second examiner: Prof. Dr. Maarten Prak Contents Introduction 2 Chapter 1: The first reforms, 1795-1797 11 1.1 Financial starting position 1.2 From ideals to reality 15 1.3 The indemnity 18 1.4 Batavian Rescripties and Recepissen 20 1.5 The Beleenbank 22 1.6 Goldberg’s blueprint 24 1.7 The amalgamation 25 1.8 Stalled financial reforms 29 1.9 Conclusion 31 Chapter 2: Extraordinary measures in 1798-99 33 2.1 The coup of the radicals 2.2 The fall of the radical regime 35 2.3 Gogel tries to take the reins of government 37 2.4 A soft approach in hard times 41 2.5 A third option? 42 2.6 Gogel under fire 43 2.7 The substantial measures of 1798 45 2.8 Small improvements made 50 2.9 Conclusion 53 Chapter 3: Reversal and coercion, 1800-1810 55 3.1 Growing tensions 3.2 The return of voluntary loans? 56 3.3 Gogel’s taxation plan 58 3.4 Gogel and Goldberg dismissed 59 3.5 Reactionary policy during the Staatsbewind 61 3.6 Deteriorating creditworthiness 63 3.7 Reforms under Schimmelpenninck and King Louis 65 3.8 Conclusion 67 Conclusion 69 Bibliography 72 1 Introduction ‘’Credit, private or public, is of greatest consequence to every country. -
Pilgrimage to Poland & the Czech Republic
PILGRIMAGE TO POLAND & THE CZECH REPUBLIC September 1‐11, 2016 ITINERARY Day 1 – Sep. 1: Depart U.S.A. Day 5 – Sep. 5: Krakow Our spiritual pilgrimage begins today as we board our This morning we will proceed to Wawel Hill and celebrate transatlantic flight to Warsaw. Meals and refreshments will Mass at the Cathedral of St. Stanislaw which is Poland's be served aloft. second most important pilgrimage shrine. We will then visit the Wawel Royal Castle which is one of the most beautiful Day 2 – Sep. 2: Arrive Warsaw Renaissance residences in all of central Europe. Continue Upon arrival in Warsaw we will be met by at the airport on to Krakow's Old Town to see the main Market Square, and then transfer to our hotel. the Church of St. Mary, Cloth Hall, City Hall Tower, Kanonicza Street where Pope John Paul II resided while Day 3 – Sep. 3: Warsaw living in Krakow and the Collegium Maius where he was a We will begin our day with Mass at St. Stanislaw Kostka student. Church, where the martyred Solidarity priest Father Popieluszko worked and is buried. Then enjoy a full day tour of Warsaw including visits to the Cathedral of St. John, the Royal Castle, the Old Town Square, the Barbican and City Walls, and Zygmunt’s Column. Then follow the Royal Route to Lazienki Park where we will see the Palace on the Water. Day 6 – Sep. 6: Krakow After breakfast we will drive to the Wieliczka to visit Europe’s oldest salt mine which has been listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. -
De Stijlvolle Verovering Van De Wereld De Genese, Incubatie En Disseminatie Van Nieuwe Dansrepertoires (1756 – 1818)
DE STIJLVOLLE VEROVERING VAN DE WERELD DE GENESE, INCUBATIE EN DISSEMINATIE VAN NIEUWE DANSREPERTOIRES (1756 – 1818). VOORBEELDEN UIT DE ZUIDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN EN PRINSBISDOM / LAND VAN LUIK IN EUROPESE CONTEXT Cornelis Vanistendael Studentennummer: 19902748 Promotor(en): Prof. dr. Francis Maes, Prof. dr. Christophe Verbruggen Doctoraat voorgelegd voor het behalen van de graad doctor in de Kunstwetenschappen Academiejaar: 2019 – 2020 VOORWOORD I Stellen dat een doctoraat altijd een belangrijk deel van iemands leven is, klinkt als een boutade, maar in mijn geval zit er wel een grond van waarheid in. De aanleiding om het te schrijven was er al meer dan 10 jaar, vóór ik er in 2011 concreet aan begon. Het begon in feite met een opdracht van Emile Brugman, uitgever van Uitgeverij Atlas in Amsterdam, die in 1999 of daaromtrent, mij in een vlaag van overmoed opdroeg een boek te maken over de bouwers van Belgische folkinstrumenten. Het boek kwam er nooit, maar dat die opdracht onvoorziene gevolgen heeft gehad, is nog zacht uitgedrukt. Met Emile’s opdracht in de hand bezocht ik elke nog levende Belgische bouwer van folkinstrumenten persoonlijk in zijn of haar atelier. Ik maakte opnames met een cassetterecorder en zwart wit foto’s met een aftandse Russische reflexcamera op LOMO- filmrolletjes die ik in Berlijn kocht in de nadagen van de val van de muur, lang vóór instagram en andere retroscopen het internet begonnen te bevolken. Telkens kreeg ik van die bouwers ook wat lectuur mee over de geschiedenis van hun geliefkoosde muziekinstrument. Het begon mij langzaamaan te dagen dat folkinstrumenten helemaal niet zo oud hoefden te zijn dan men soms dacht om een vorm van cultureel prestige uit te stralen dat serieus werd genomen.