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The Sphere Project ;OL :WOLYL 7YVQLJ[ +XPDQLWDULDQ&KDUWHUDQG0LQLPXP 6WDQGDUGVLQ+XPDQLWDULDQ5HVSRQVH ;OL:WOLYL7YVQLJ[ 7KHULJKWWROLIHZLWKGLJQLW\ ;OL:WOLYL7YVQLJ[PZHUPUP[PH[P]L[VKL[LYTPULHUK WYVTV[LZ[HUKHYKZI`^OPJO[OLNSVIHSJVTT\UP[` /\THUP[HYPHU*OHY[LY YLZWVUKZ[V[OLWSPNO[VMWLVWSLHMMLJ[LKI`KPZHZ[LYZ /\THUP[HYPHU >P[O[OPZ/HUKIVVR:WOLYLPZ^VYRPUNMVYH^VYSKPU^OPJO [OLYPNO[VMHSSWLVWSLHMMLJ[LKI`KPZHZ[LYZ[VYLLZ[HISPZO[OLPY *OHY[LYHUK SP]LZHUKSP]LSPOVVKZPZYLJVNUPZLKHUKHJ[LK\WVUPU^H`Z[OH[ YLZWLJ[[OLPY]VPJLHUKWYVTV[L[OLPYKPNUP[`HUKZLJ\YP[` 4PUPT\T:[HUKHYKZ This Handbook contains: PU/\THUP[HYPHU (/\THUP[HYPHU*OHY[LY!SLNHSHUKTVYHSWYPUJPWSLZ^OPJO HUK YLÅLJ[[OLYPNO[ZVMKPZHZ[LYHMMLJ[LKWVW\SH[PVUZ 4PUPT\T:[HUKHYKZPU/\THUP[HYPHU9LZWVUZL 9LZWVUZL 7YV[LJ[PVU7YPUJPWSLZ *VYL:[HUKHYKZHUKTPUPT\TZ[HUKHYKZPUMV\YRL`SPMLZH]PUN O\THUP[HYPHUZLJ[VYZ!>H[LYZ\WWS`ZHUP[H[PVUHUKO`NPLUL WYVTV[PVU"-VVKZLJ\YP[`HUKU\[YP[PVU":OLS[LYZL[[SLTLU[HUK UVUMVVKP[LTZ"/LHS[OHJ[PVU;OL`KLZJYPILwhat needs to be achieved in a humanitarian response in order for disaster- affected populations to survive and recover in stable conditions and with dignity. ;OL:WOLYL/HUKIVVRLUQV`ZIYVHKV^ULYZOPWI`HNLUJPLZHUK PUKP]PK\HSZVMMLYPUN[OLO\THUP[HYPHUZLJ[VYH common language for working together towards quality and accountability in disaster and conflict situations ;OL:WOLYL/HUKIVVROHZHU\TILYVMºJVTWHUPVU Z[HUKHYKZ»L_[LUKPUNP[ZZJVWLPUYLZWVUZL[VULLKZ[OH[ OH]LLTLYNLK^P[OPU[OLO\THUP[HYPHUZLJ[VY ;OL:WOLYL7YVQLJ[^HZPUP[PH[LKPU I`HU\TILY VMO\THUP[HYPHU5.6ZHUK[OL9LK*YVZZHUK 9LK*YLZJLU[4V]LTLU[ ,+0;065 7KHB6SKHUHB3URMHFWBFRYHUBHQBLQGG The Sphere Project Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response Published by: The Sphere Project Copyright@The Sphere Project 2011 Email: [email protected] Website : www.sphereproject.org The Sphere Project was initiated in 1997 by a group of NGOs and the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement to develop a set of universal minimum standards in core areas of humanitarian response: the Sphere Handbook. The aim of the Handbook is to improve the quality of humanitarian response in situations of disaster and conflict, and to enhance the accountability of the humanitarian system to disaster-affected people. The Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response are the product of the collective experience of many people and agencies. They should therefore not be seen as representing the views of any one agency. First trial edition 1998 First final edition 2000 Second edition 2004 Third edition 2011 ISBN 978-1-908176-00-4 A catalogue record for this publication is available from The British Library and the US Library of Congress. All rights reserved. This material is copyright but may be reproduced by any method without fee for educational purposes but not for resale. Formal permission is required for all such uses but normally will be granted immediately. For copying in other circumstances or for reuse in other publications, or for translation or adaptation, prior written permission must be obtained from the copyright owner, and a fee may be payable. Distributed for the Sphere Project by Practical Action Publishing and its agents and representatives throughout the world. Practical Action Publishing, Schumacher Centre for Technology and Development, Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, CV23 9QZ, United Kingdom Tel +44 (0) 1926 634501; Fax +44 (0)1926 634502 Email: [email protected] Website: www.practicalactionpublishing.org/sphere Practical Action Publishing (UK Company Reg. No. 1159018) is the wholly owned publishing company of Practical Action and trades only in support of its parent charity objectives. Designed by: , Metz-Tessy, France Printed by: Belmont Press Ltd, Northampton, United Kingdom ii Foreword This latest edition of the Sphere Handbook, Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response, is the product of broad inter-agency collaboration. The Humanitarian Charter and minimum standards reflect the determina- tion of agencies to improve both the effectiveness of their assistance and their accountability to their stakeholders, contributing to a practical framework for accountability. The Humanitarian Charter and minimum standards will not of course stop human- itarian crises from happening, nor can they prevent human suffering. What they offer, however, is an opportunity for the enhancement of assistance with the aim of making a difference to the lives of people affected by disaster. From their origin in the late 1990s, as an initiative of a group of humanitarian NGOs and the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, the Sphere standards are now applied as the de facto standards in humanitarian response in the 21st century. A word of gratitude must, therefore, be given to all those who have made this happen. Ton van Zutphen John Damerell Sphere Board Chair Project Manager iii Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response Acknowledgements The revision of the Sphere Handbook has been an extensive, collaborative and consultative process, engaging a considerable number of people around the world – too many to mention individually by name. The Sphere Project acknowl- edges the breadth of the contributions made and the willingness of organisations and individuals to be involved. The Handbook revision process was led by a group of focal points for the technical chapters and cross-cutting themes, supported by resource persons for emerging issues, all drawn from the sector, either seconded from humanitarian organisa- tions or directly hired, depending on the level of work envisaged. Consultants led the revision of elements relevant for the Handbook as a whole, and which required substantial new work. Where not stated otherwise, the people listed below were consultants. Humanitarian Charter: James Darcy, Mary Picard, Jim Bishop (InterAction), Clare Smith (CARE International) and Yvonne Klynman (IFRC) Protection Principles: Ed Schenkenberg van Mierop (ICVA) and Claudine Haenni Dale Core Standards: Peta Sandison and Sara Davidson Technical chapters Water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion: Nega Bazezew Legesse (Oxfam GB) Food security and nutrition: - Nutrition: Susan Thurstans (Save the Children UK) - Food security and livelihoods: Devrig Velly (Action contre la Faim) - Food aid: Paul Turnbull (WFP) and Walter Middleton (World Vision International) Shelter, settlement and non-food items: Graham Saunders (IFRC) Health action: Mesfin Teklu (World Vision International) iv Acknowledgements Cross-cutting themes Children: Monica Blomström and Mari Mörth (both Save the Children Sweden) Older people: Jo Wells (HelpAge International) Persons with disabilities: Maria Kett (Leonard Cheshire Disability and Inclusive Development Centre) Gender: Siobhán Foran (IASC GenCap Project) Psychosocial issues: Mark van Ommeren (WHO) and Mike Wessells (Columbia University) HIV and AIDS: Paul Spiegel (UNHCR) Environment, climate change and disaster risk reduction: Anita van Breda (WWF) and Nigel Timmins (Christian Aid) Sphere companion standards Education: Jennifer Hofmann and Tzvetomira Laub (both INEE) Livestock: Cathy Watson (LEGS) Economic recovery: Tracy Gerstle and Laura Meissner (both SEEP network) Resource persons Early recovery: Maria Olga Gonzalez (UNDP-BCPR) Camp coordination and camp management: Gillian Dunn (IRC) Cash transfer programming: Nupur Kukrety (Cash Learning Partnership network) In addition, a number of people were consulted with regard to the civil–military interface, conflict sensitivity and urban settings. Working groups and reference groups were established to support the focal points in their work; while The Sphere Project acknowledges the contribution of all these persons, their individual names are not included herein. However, a full listing of all working group and reference group members can be found on the Sphere website: www.sphereproject.org. Editors: Phil Greaney, Sue Pfiffner, David Wilson Revision workshop facilitator: Raja Jarrah Monitoring and evaluation specialist: Claudia Schneider, SKAT v Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response Sphere Board (as at 31 December 2010) Action by Churches Together (ACT) Alliance (John Nduna) * Agency Coordinating Body for Afghan Relief (ACBAR) (Laurent Saillard) * Aktion Deutschland Hilft (ADH) (Manuela Rossbach) * CARE International (Olivier Braunsteffer) * CARITAS Internationalis (Jan Weuts) * The International Council of Voluntary Agencies (ICVA) (Ed Schenkenberg van Mierop) * International Rescue Committee (IRC) (Gillian Dunn) * InterAction (Linda Poteat) * Intermón Oxfam (Elena Sgorbati) * International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) (Simon Eccleshall) * The Lutheran World Federation (LWF) (Rudelmar Bueno de Faria) * Policy Action Group on Emergency Response (PAGER) (Mia Vukojevic) * Plan International (Unni Krishnan) * Save the Children Alliance (Annie Foster) * Sphere India (N.M. Prusty) * The Salvation Army (Raelton Gibbs) * World Vision International (Ton van Zutphen) Donors In addition to contributions by the Board organisations listed above, funding for the Handbook revision process was provided by: Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) * European Community Humanitarian Office (ECHO) * German Ministry of Foreign Affairs * Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs * Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) * United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) * United States Department of State Bureau of Refugees and Migration (US-PRM) * United States
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