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BOREAL ODYSSEY: Proceedings of the North American Forest Insect Work Conference May 14-18, 2001 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada W.J.A. Volney, J.R. Spence, and E.M. Lefebvre, editors INFORMATION REPORT NOR-X-381 Canadian Forest Service Northern Forestry Centre 2001 © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2001 Catalogue No. Fo46-12-381E ISBN 0-662-31294-5 ISSN 0704-7673 This publication is available at no charge from : Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Northern Forestry Centre 5320 – 122 Street Edmonton, Alberta T6H 3S5 A microfiche edition of this publication may be purchased from: Micromedia Ltd. 240 Catherine Street, Suite 305 Ottawa, Ontario K2P 2G8 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CANADA CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION DATA North American Forest Insect Work Conference (3rd : 2001 : Edmonton, Alberta) Boreal odyssey : proceedings of the North American Forest Insect Work Conference May 14-18, 2001 (Information report : NOR-X-381) Includes an abstract in French. Includes bibliographical references. Spine title : NAFIWC Proceedings 2001. ISBN 0-662-31294-5 Cat. No. Fo46-12/381E 1. Forest insects -- North America -- Congresses. 2. Forest insects -- North America -- Control -- Congresses. 3. Forest insects -- North America -- Biological control -- Congresses. 4. Trees -- Diseases and pests -- North America -- Congresses. 5. Forest health -- North America -- Congresses. 6. Forest management -- North America -- Congresses. I. Volney, W.J.A. II. Northern Forestry Centre (Canada) III. Title. IV. Series: Information report (Northern Forestry Centre (Canada)) ; NOR-X-381. SB761.N67 2001 634.9'67'097 C2001-980349-4 This report has been printed on Canadian recycled paper. Cover Page: E. Schiewe and James Hammond (NAFIWC logo) ii Inf. Rep. NOR-X-381 Volney, W.J.A.; Spence, J.R.; Lefebvre, E.M., Editors. 2001. Boreal Odyssey: Proceedings of the North American Forest Insect Work Conference. May 14-18, 2001, Edmonton, Alberta. Nat. Resour. Can., Can. For. Serv., North. For. Cent., Edmonton, Alberta. Inf. Rep. NOR-X-381. ABSTRACT The third North American Forest Insect Conference was held in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada May 14-18, 2001. Included in these proceedings are two plenary sessions, three concurrent panel discussions, and 150 workshop presentations. Many presentations focussed on the continuing battle to understand bark beetle and spruce budworm populations, whose impacts so profoundly affect any discussion of forest environments. The consequences of exotic pest invasion, the ethics in conducting scientific work, outcomes of present-day forest management, and resource sustainability were highlighted in other workshops, amid a sense of urgency in finding solutions. Apropos to this, presenters highlighted government policy and regulations and the influence of foresters, forest scientists and stakeholder groups on decision-makers. The effects of global climate change on insect populations and forests, forestry practices and attitudes, and the politics of forestry were discussed. Other presentations concentrated on the effects of fire on forests and insects; forest health research, experimentation and restoration; forest insect epizootiology; urban forest pest management; ecophysiology; and biological processes and controls in pest management. Participants were brought up-to-date on decision support systems; future prospects in forestry; aerial survey tracking systems; teaching forest entomology; hazard rating systems and remote sensing; and computer mapping systems. The opening addresses, founders award speech, poster abstracts and moderator summaries included herein touched on many of these trends. The insistence on publishing these abstracts of workshops and panel discussions is to provide a record of issues that concern forest entomologists at the opening of the 21st century. RÉSUMÉ La troisième Conférence nord-américaine sur les insectes forestiers a eu lieu à Edmonton (Alberta), au Canada, du 14 au 18 mai 2001. Deux sessions plénières, trois discussions de groupe simultanées et 150 présentations aux ateliers sont résumées dans le compte rendu de la Conférence. Nombre des présentations ont fait état des efforts soutenus pour tenter de comprendre les populations de scolytes et de tordeuses des bourgeons de l’épinette, dont l’impact marque si profondément toute discussion sur les milieux forestiers. Les conséquences de l’invasion par des ravageurs exotiques, l’éthique dans la conduite des travaux scientifiques, les résultats de l’aménagement forestier d’aujourd’hui et la durabilité des ressources ont été rapportés dans d’autres ateliers, au milieu d’un sentiment d’urgence dans la recherche de solutions. À ce propos, les présentateurs ont mis au premier plan la politique et la réglementation gouvernementales, ainsi que l’influence des aménagistes forestiers, des chercheurs en foresterie et des groupes d’intervenants sur les décideurs. Les effets des changements climatiques planétaires sur les populations d’insectes et les forêts, les pratiques forestières et les attitudes à l’égard des forêts ont été discutés, ainsi que les politiques en matière de foresterie. D’autres présentations ont porté sur les effets du feu sur les forêts et les insectes; la recherche sur la santé des forêts et l’expérimentation pertinente, notamment le rétablissement sanitaire des forêts; l’épizootiologie des insectes forestiers; la lutte contre les ravageurs forestiers en milieu urbain; l’écophysiologie; et les processus et moyens de lutte biologiques contre les ravageurs. Les participants ont été informés des plus récents systèmes d’aide à la décision; des perspectives en foresterie; des systèmes de suivi par relevé aérien; de l’enseignement de l’entomologie forestière; des systèmes d’évaluation du danger et de la télédétection; et des systèmes de cartographie informatisée. Nombre de ces tendances ont été soulignées dans les allocutions d’ouverture, le discours prononcé lors de l’attribution du prix des fondateurs, les résumés des communications affichées et les résumés des modérateurs. Les résumés de ces ateliers et discussions de groupe sont publiés afin de servir consigner l’état des questions qui préoccupent les entomologistes forestiers en ce début du XXIe siècle. Inf. Rep. NOR-X-381 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the many people who contributed to the success of the third North American Forest Insect Work Conference. This includes the Steering Committee, for their advice and guidance, and the Local Arrangements Committee, who contributed much time and effort towards conference preparation, field trips, and social and companion events. Our sponsors, Alberta Newsprint Company, Alberta Pacific Forest Industries Inc., Carolina Biological Supply Co., Certis (formerly Thermo Trilogy) Corp., Daishowa- Marubeni International Ltd., IPM Technologies, Phero Tech, Weldwood of Canada Ltd., and Wetaskiwin Aerial Applicators Ltd.; the Government of Alberta Department of Sustainable Resource Development; the University of Alberta; and Natural Resources Canada–Canadian Forest Service are gratefully acknowledged for making the event financially viable. We also thank the Sustainable Forest Management Network for supporting the travel of overseas scientists; Brent Lange and Larry Macdonald and the staff of Wetaskiwin Aerial Applicators for the special field day activities; Elston Dzus and his staff at Alberta Pacific Forest Industries Inc. for arranging and guiding the interpretive forestry field trip; Crystal Jones from the City of Edmonton for arranging our use of facilities at Fort Edmonton Park; and Sherry Christie and her staff of Elizabethan Catering for providing the excellent banquet. Certainly not least of those we thank are Julie Durand and the staff at the Crowne Plaza– Chateau Lacombe Hotel for the excellent service and facilities at the meeting. The preparation and production of this publication benefitted significantly from the invaluable help and supervision of Brenda Laishley, Head of Publications, Northern Forestry Centre. Finally, we thank all the participants whose attendance and contributions made the North American Forest Insect Work Conference a reality. iv Inf. Rep. NOR-X-381 A MESSAGE SEEN ON LEAVING THE DRUID’S ESTABLISHMENT: “Success is a Matter of Luck” The roll of the dice or the bounce of the puck. To the extent that we were successful: Luck is the friend who helped unselfishly to stage the event, Luck is the colleague who came trustingly to the event, Luck is your spirit of cooperation and tolerance of the inconvenient! To the extent that we were unsuccessful: Luck is knowing that if ever there is a need to complain, You alone will shoulder the blame, Luck is knowing that there are some things that you need help to change. Thanks to all! Inf. Rep. NOR-X-381 v CONFERENCE SPONSORS PHERO TECH vi Inf. Rep. NOR-X-381 MEMBERS OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE Co-Chairs Hideji Ono, Forest Health Program Manager, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada John Spence, Professor, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada W. Jan A. Volney, Research Scientist, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Members Lawrence P. Abrahamson, Extension Entomologist, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA Douglas C. Allen, Professor, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA Ronald F. Billings, Principal Entomologist, Texas Forest Service, Lufkin, TX, USA Jaime Villa-Castillo, Entomologist, Cd. Guzman, Jalisco, México David Cibrián Tovar, Forest Entomologist,
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  • Management of Birch

    Management of Birch

    Management of birch - methods to produce high quality birch (Pentti Niemistö) Contents of the presentation •Regeneration - problems and site aspects •Growing of seedling stands and timing of first commercial thinning •Thinning intensity and rotation period •Production of special price birch butt logs METSÄNTUTKIMUSLAITOS SKOGSFORSKNINGSINSTITUTET FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE www,metla,fi ` Betula pendula (silver birch) = Valuable broadleaved tree species Betlua pubescens (downy birch) NOT - Growth rate - Biological age - Stem quality (no differences in wood quality) - Sites and location METSÄNTUTKIMUSLAITOS SKOGSFORSKNINGSINSTITUTET FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE www,metla,fi METSÄNTUTKIMUSLAITOS SKOGSFORSKNINGSINSTITUTET FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE Mean birch volume/ha (Korhonen 2007) Silver birch-% of totalwww,metla,fi birch volume Birch regeneration and afforestation in Finland 1000 ha/ 20 18 yea 16 r 14 12 Betula pubescens, planted 15 000 ha 10 Betula pendula, direct seeded 14 000 ha 8 6 Betula pendula, planted 225 000 ha 4 ` 2 ` 0 - Natural regeneration1968 of Betula pendula: - About 20 % of total birch regenera 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 tion failed 2000-3000 + 20 % in poorha/year, condition 1986 1988 1990 1992 total 35 000 ha 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 METSÄNTUTKIMUSLAITOS2004 SKOGSFORSKNINGSINSTITUTET FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE www,metla,fi Afforestation of abandoned fields in Finland 1000 20 18 Birch, 104 000 ha 16 Total, 250 000 ha 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 METSÄNTUTKIMUSLAITOS SKOGSFORSKNINGSINSTITUTET FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE www,metla,fi Planting, a reliable method for birch regeneration: results from practical forestry in Finland 2000-05 (Saksa...2005) 120 Mean height of valid birches: 162 cm 92 cm 111 cm 100 4 9 12 17 13 80 12 13 Failure 28 Poor 60 Tolerable Good 40 78 63 50 20 0 Planted, 3 yr Direct seeded, 4 yr Natural reg.