ASTRO HAS DESIGNS ON YOUR MONITOR, NOT JUST A PRETTY PICTURE
RSTRO DESIGn Inc. ,is the leading supplier of p~o grammable video signal generators and other graphtcs related equipment and systems such as im~ge pro cessors and graphics processors. Most Amencan and Japanese C RT monitor manufacturers and a number of European manufacturers are using our products to test, evaluate, and demonstrate their products efficiently and effectively. Satisfied customers - all.
Some of the patterns that can be generated are: • Character patterns • Circular patterns • G ray-scale patterns • Dot patterns • Color-bar patterns • Cross-hatch patterns • Center marker, edge • Window patterning and corner markers, functions etc., etc.
.. This is a sample display frame generated using the VG-807 A. It shows the superimposition of circular patterns, cross-hatches, horizontal color bars, vertical gray-scale patterns, a center marker, and six windows on a gray background plane.
THE VG-807A PROGRAMMABLE VIDEO SIGNAL GENERATOR. The ultimate in programmable video signal generation is here. The VG-807A Programmable Video Signal Generator lets you generate virtually infinite varieties of video signals for testing, adjustment, evaluation, and demonstration of your video display/output devices ~ from commercial CRTs to the latest in super-high resolution CRT monitors, laser printers, etc. ------~~-- - ·~-- -- - ••-:til!~~ ~a .;.;.;~.;..;. SUPER-HIGH RESOLUTION: Signals for super high resolution monitors can be J!,enerated with H -+., . -·-···- Sync frequencies up to 200 kHz and dot clock - ~ -· • · • :. • ; - ~ frequencies from 5 to 160MHz. • · ~.. . , . .. i -·- . ... ·.· .·.• ;. • !• :. H-Sync periods: 5.00 us- 81.92 us in 20 ns steps. - - - V-Sy nc periods: 100 H - 4000 H in I H steps. FEATURES.. . SUPERB PATTERN GENERATION FUNC THE VG-807IS FULLY PROGRAMMABLE: Pressafew TIONS: The most complex of patterns can be keys and you get a new video signal tailored toJour own generated with utmost ease due to the use of the needs. All timing parameters can be programme . All out following four basic planes in addition to windowing puts can be controlled. All patterns and colors can be com fun ctions that allow flexible operations on window bined at ANY frequency. areas selected anywhere in the display area. • Graphic plane: 2048 X 2048 dots giving USER ROM FOR INSTANT LOADING OF PROGRAM high resolution. MING DATA: The programming data for over I00 signal • Color bar plane: Freely selectable width, color formats can be loaded in the form of a preprogrammed 8 K combination. and intensity. byte ROM inserted in the user ROM socket. • Gray-scale plane: Gray-scales with up to 127 SIMPLE TO OPERATE, EASY TO USE: A large, easy levels can be displared with freely programmable to-read 20-character by 2-line fluorescent alphanumeric bar width and mittal intensity. display guides the operator in a simple conversational mode. • Background plane: The intensity and color of the background plane can be set as required. LARGE VARIETY OF OUTPUT SIGNALS: All types of video signals are output separately. YOU R IMAGES ARE OUR BUSINESS VIDEO OUTPUTS: Analog outputs*: R, G, B, and composite video. Call or write T EAM SYSTEMS ECL Outputs: R, G, B, and half-tone R, G , B outputs. for more information or application TIL Outputs: R, G . B, and half-tone R, G . B outputs. assistance. SYNC OUTPUTS: H-Sync V-Sync H-Drive V-Drive Test & Measurement Systems, Inc. 0 349 Cobalt Way, Suite 301 ~~h: ~::~eo:;pnu~· t eve l :. E- --l· 2 ·~ ~ Sunnyvale, C A 94086 can be programmed in 'r0 · · G-..) ·- ~ Tel: (408) 720-8877!78/79. the following range: f · · · · ·~ ·- Video level: 0.3 V - 2 V A - .· - Ll!)~ across 75 Ohms lJ t Sync level: OV- 1V [ ~ : ; I "- :J Set-up level: OV- 0.5 V ..
For lnlormollan circle Reader Service # 1 MAY 1986 VOL. 2 NO. 5
Cover: A GaAs photoconductive detector attached to the end of an electro-optic crystal provides high-speed pulse sampling.-J. Valdmanis. AT&T Bell Laboratories .
FEATURES Touch system adds third coordinate to display screen 15 Simple components. simple electronics. and simple acoustical elements have been combined to produce an inexpensive touch-sensitive entry device that can be applied directly to a CRT or flat display screen. or to a glass overlay .-by Robert Adler. Peter J. Desmares, and James J. Fitzgibbon. Zenith Electroncis Corp., Glenview. IL.
Three-electrode plasma panel cuts power requirements 18 By isolating the glow sustaining high-current pulses from the write-address vertical cover electrodes of an ac plasma display, engineers have producEd a gas discharge panel that uses smaller-area and lower-power integrated cir- cuit chips; and eliminates the need to retain low cover-electrode resistances.- by G. W. Dick. AT&T Bell Labs, Reading. PA.
Laser-optics measure sub-picosecond speeds 21 An entirely optical sampling system. relying only on an electric field coupling between the electro-optic sampling medium and the circuit under evalua tion has been developed that operates in the picosecond range and temporal regime to measure new ultrafast electronic and optoelectronic devices and circuits.-JA. Valdmanis. High-Speed Materials and Phenomena Research Dept.. AT&T Bell Laboratories. Murray Hill, NJ. aao Display technologies: Amer~ration A retrospective on systems and applications 22 of Information Processing Societies DEPARTMENTS
INFORMATION DISPLAY (The Official Events 2 Book Review 48 Journal of the Society for Information Editorial 3 Free Literature 53 Display) is edited for corporate research and development management: and en Call for Papers 5 President's Message 55 gineers. designers. scientists. and ergo Industry News 6 Chapter Notes 56 nomists responsible for design and development of input and output display Technology Update 12 Sustaining Members 58 systems used in various applications such as: computers and peripherals. in Products on Display 36 Ad Index 60 struments and controls, communica tions. transportation. navigation and guidance. commercial signage. and con sumer electronics. Editorial covers emerging technolo gies and state-of-the-art developments in electronic, electromechanical, and hardcopy display devices and equip ment; memory: storage media and sys tems: materials and accessories.
MAY 28-30: Performance 86 and JUNE 9-11 : Color Reproduction ACM Sigmetrics-1986 Joint Principles for Hard Copy Sys Conference on Computer Per tems. Rochester. NY Contact: Pe formance Modeling, Measure ter G. Engeldrum.lmcotek Inc .. PO ment and Evaluation, Raleigh. Box 113. Walworth. NY 14569 NC. Co-sponsored by Association (315/597 -2276) for Computing Machinery (ACM) Sigmetrics. and IFIP WG. Contact: J UN E 9-13: International Quan Harry G. Perras. North Carolina tum Electron ics Conference, State University. Raleigh. NC Phoenix. AZ. Contact: Joan 27695 (9 19n37 -2858) Carlisle._ Meetings Manager. Opti cal Soc1ety of America. 1816 JUNE 1-6: Third International Net Jefferson Place NW. Washington. work Planning Sym posium DC 20036 (2021223-0920) Networks '86. Tarpon Springs. FL. Contact: Warren Falconer. AT&T JUNE 1 0-13: Conference on Lasers Bell Labs. Crawfords Corner Road. and Electro-Optics (CLEO '86), Holmdel. NJ 07733 (201/949- San Francisco. CA. Contact Joan Carlisle. Meetings Manager. Opti 1500) cal Soc1ety of America. 1816 JUNE Z-4: 19861EEE MTT-S Inter Jerrerson Place. NW. Washington. national Microwave Symposi DC 20036 (2021223-0920) um, Baltimore. MD. Contact: Edward C. Niehenke. Westing JUNE 12-13: 25th Annual Techni house Electric Corp .. PO Box 746. cal Symposium- Distributed MS 339 Baltimore. MD 21203 Information Systems: Emerg (30 1n65-4573) ing Uses and Technology. Na t ional Bureau of Standards. JUNE 3-5: Vision 86---lnternation Gaithersburg. MD. Contact: Wilma al Conference and Exposition M. Osborne. B266 Technology on Applied Machine Vision, De Building. National Bureau of Stan troit. MI. Cosponsored by Society dards. Gaithersburg. MD 20899 of Manufacturing Engineering (301/921-3545) (SME). Machine Vision Association of SM E. and Automated Vision As JUNE 16-19: NCC '86-National sociation. Contact: SME 1 SME Computer Conference, Las Drive. PO Box 930. Dearborn. Ml Vegas, NV. Sponsored by Ameri 48121 (313/271 -1 500) can Federation of Information Processing Societies (AFIPS). Data JUNE 3-5: First Annual Conference Processing Management Associa on Optical Storage for Large tion (DPMA). IEEE Computer Soci Systems. The New York Hilton. ety (IEEE-CS). Association for New York. NY. Contact: Judith P. Computing Machinery (ACM) . and Hanson. TOC Conference Coordi Soc1ety for Computer Simulation nator. Technology Opportunity (SCS). Contact: AFIPS Conference Conference. PO Box 14817. San Dept.. 1899 Preston White Drive. Francisco. CA 94114-0817 Reston. VA 22091 (703/620- (415/626-1133) 8900)
JUNE 4-6: NECC '86--7th National JUNE 18-ZO: 3rd Mid-Central Educational Computing Con Ergonomics/ Human Factors Complete Guns, Stems, Cathodes, ference. Town and Country Hotel. Conference, Oxford. OH. Spon San Diego. CA. Contact: Susan M. sored by the Tri-State Chapter of Other Components Zgliczynski. School of Education, the Human Factors Society. Con University of San Diego. San tact: Leonard S. Mark. Psychology Diego. CA 9211 0 (619/260- Dept .. Miami University. Oxford. OH 45056. ~(j)ll!J'ij'[X]\W)~~'ii' \YJ ffi©ll!lll!lri'Al [ID~\YJ~©~~p mll©o 4821) P.O. Box 50524/Tucson, Arizona 85703 JUNE 8-1 1: 1986 IEEE Interna A tional Symposium on Applica (602) 887-7900 Telex 165-522 t ions of Ferroelectrics, Lehigh - University. Bethlehem. PA. Con- 2 Information Display Fo! information circle Reader Service # 2 ______Editorial
EDITORIAL STAFF "Let us dare to read, think, speak and write . . . " - John Adams Joseph A. MacDonald Editorial Director William W. Jacobus. Jr. Contributing Editor ven as we bask in the success of SID '86 and the records set at this Lee Harrison year's international display forum- in terms of quality and quan Associate Editor t ity of technical papers presented, as well as number of Stewart Scharf E Assistant Editor participants-its f uture as a showcase for American-originated ideas for Ted Lucas the technological developments of information display systems faces a Editorial Consultant growing challenge from Japan and Europe. Dianne Zechman As a recent New York Times overview on high technology pointed obit, Art Consultant "America's market share of high technology ideas seems to be slipping ... and, more seriously, its capacity to turn those ideas into manufac For editorial information tured goods has virtually been eroded away." call: 21 Z/687-3836 The Times report goes on to cite government statistics on the steady drop since the early 1980s in industrial spending on research and devel EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD opment as a percent of our gross national product. "For more than a dec ade now," the report says. "US spending on high technology R&D has Dr. lfay F. Chang been lagging behind Japan and West Germany- which are now reaping Chairman Director of Research the f ruits of their research. Additionally, foreign ownership of US Institute of Systems Science patents. particularly in electronics. biotechnology and telecommunica National University of Singapore tions. is increasingly on the rise." Dr. Frederick J. Kahn Vice President Yet. despite the government's recognition of this fact, current Con Greyhawk Systems Inc. gressional efforts to balance the national budget threaten to further re Koh-lchi Miyaji tard US R&D efforts. Professor Shibaura Institute In particular. Federal budget cuts mandated by the Gramm-Rudman of Technology deficit reduction act will prove particularly devastating to National Sci Jan Rajchman ence Foundation (NSF) grants to the research community. The already Consultant small amount of NSF funds allocated to support programs such as Aron Vecht Director Industry/University Cooperative Research Projects and others will be Phosphor Products Co. further eroded. Such grants to date have been successful in leveraging significant industrial funding support. Although major interruptions in R&D efforts may not be felt this year. For membership information call: 213/305-1502 since much of the funding is on a multi-yea r basis. cuts are bound to oc cur as the budget winds its way through Congress. And. the current Congressional-White House impasse over a balanced budget is sure tore sult in major cuts in FY 1987. INFORMATION DISPLAY (ISSN 0362·0972) is pub lished monthly by MetaData Inc.. 31 0 East 44 Street, As George A. Keyworth 3rd. who recently resigned as President New York. NY 10017. Telephone: 212/687·3836 Reagan's science advisor. warned last year. "basic research is no place to Subscription: US & Canada • $36 one year. $64 two years. $90 three years: Elsewhere · $72 one year. $128 cut corners. These are the pursuits that ultimately yield results for the two years. $180 three years. Single copy: US & Canada - $3.00: Elsewhere - $6.00. American economy."
Permission is granted by the copyright owner for The US scientific and engineering community as a whole has an obliga libraries and others registered with the Copyright Clear· ance Center (CCC) to photocopy any article herein for tion to respond to this challenge-expressing its concern in unified voice. the flat fee of $2.00 per copy of each article. This per· mission to photocopy does not extend to any special re· Despite public opinion to the contrary. constituent opinion does matter ports or lists published in this magazine. Payment should be sent directly to the Copyright Clearance Cen· to most members of Congress. ter. 2 1 Congress Street. Salem. MA 01970. If NSF's constituency speaks up. supportive members of Congr ess will Copying done for other than personal or Internal ref· erence use-such as copying for general distribution. listen. for advertising or promotional purposes. foi" creating new collective works. or for resal"-without the writ ten permission of The Society for Information Display Is prohibited. Requests for special permission or bulk or Joseph A. MacDonald ders should be addressed to The Society for Information Dioplay. 8055 West Manchester Ave!Ule. Suite 615. Pla Editorial Director ya Del Rey, CA 90293. Serial-free code: 0362·0972185 $2.00 + $0.00.
Copyright c 1986 The Society for Information Display.
May 1986 3 Events ______
JUNE 18-20: American Control JUNE 23-27:CPME 86- Confer JUNE 16-20: COMPEURO '86, Con JUNE 22-25: ICC '86-lnternation Conference. Seattle. WA. Co ence on Precision Electromag gress Center Hamburg. CCH. al Conference on Communica sponsored by American Institute netic Measurements. National Hamburg. FRG. Contact: COM tions, Sheraton Hotel. Toronto. of Aeronautics and Astronautics Bureau of Standards. Gaithers PEURO '86.JEEE Computer Socie Ontario. Canada. Contact: Hugh J. (AIAA). American Institute of burg. MD. Contact: Norman ty. 1730 Massachusetts Ave. NW. Swain. Andrew Antenna. Ltd. 606 Chemical Engineers (AIChE). Belecki. B146 Metrology Building. Washington. DC 20036-1903 Beech St. Whitby. Ontario. Canada American Society of Mechanical National Bureau of Standards. (202/371-0101) L 1N 5S2 (416/668-3348) Engineers (ASME) . Institute of Gaithersburg. MD 20899 (301/ Electrical an(l Electronics Engi 921-2715) JUNE 16-19: International Confer JUNE 23-27: Second IEEE Interna neers (IEEE). Instrument Society ence on Intelligent Manufac tional Conference on Comput of America (ISA). and Society for JUNE 29 - JULY 2: 23rd Design Au turing Systems. Budapest. ers and Applications. BeU ing. Computer Simulation (SCS). Con tomation Conference. Las Hungary. Co-sponsored by Scien The People's Republic of China. tact: Joseph Bossi. University of Vegas. NV. Co-sponsored by Asso tific Society of Mechanical Engi Contact: Computers and Applica Washington. Dept. of Aeronautics. ciation for Computing Machinery neers. and Computer and Auto tions. JEEE-CS, 1730 Massachu FS-10. Seattle. WA 98195. (ACM) SIGDA (Design Automa mation I nstitute. Contact: setts Ave. NW. Washington. DC tion). and IEEE-Computer Society Conference Secretary L. Gold. 20036- 1903 (202/371-0101) JUNE 22-26: Computer Vision and (IEEE-CS). Contact: J.D. Nash. Computer and Automation Insti Pattern R~cognition . Miami Raytheon Co. Bedford. MA 01730 tute. Hungarian Academy of Sci JULY 7-10: 2nd International Con Beach. FL. Sponsored by IEEE (617/274-7101) ences. H-1502 Budapest. POB 63, ference on Conduction & Computer Society (IEEE-CS). Con Hungary. Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics, tact: CVPR. 1730 Massachusetts Kong resszentrum. Erlangen. Ave. NW. Washington. DC 20036 JUNE 19-20: 1986 AIC Interim Germany. Contact: Dr. P. Fischer. (202/371-0101) Meeting on Color in Computer Siemens AG. Abt. ZFE CWV 2. PO Generated Displays, Toronto. Box 3240. 8520 Erlangen/ JUNE 25-27: Workshop on Visual INTERNATIONAL Ontario. Canada. Co-sponsored by Germany (09131-75690) Languages, Melrose Hotel. Dal the Canadian Society for Color. las. TX. Sponsored by IEEE Com JUNE 3-5: 13th Annual Interna York University: and the Working JULY 7-11 : 14th International Op puter Society (JEEE-CS). Contact: tional Conference on Computer Group on Design Educat ion. tical Computing Conference, Professor Robert R. Korfhage. Architecture. Tokyo. Japan. Con Ryerson Polytechnic Institute. Hebrew University. Jerusalem. Is Southern Methodist University, tact: IEEE Computer Society. Contact: Peter Kaiser. Dept. of rael. Contact: Professor Joseph Dept. of Computer Science. School 1730 Massachusetts Ave .. NW . Psychology. Yo rk University. Shamir. Dept. of Electrical Engi of Eogineering & Applied Sciences. Washington. DC 20036-1903 4700 Keele St .. Downsview. neering, Technion. Haifa 3200 Is Dal las . TX 75275 (214/692- (202/371 -0101) Ontario. Canada. rael (04-293273) 3083)
Here are three solutions more and contact printing for hybrids, LCD's, GET A FREE more microcircuit manufacturers and ceramic substrates. are turning to: CREDIT CARD SIZE 086000 EL Series UV Exposure CALCULATOR 086000·6 UV Exposure System Systems provide large area fine All you do is either call or write our provides highest yield for Tape Auto line printing for flat panel displays. marketing department. They'll ask mated Bonding Photolithography. Automatic material handling, you a few questions and send you Patented Opti-Beam® Optics pro registration and exposure. a proposal. No obligation. duce unequalled line resolution. 081000/1600 Series UV Photo Exposure Systems provide highest quality contact and off- . ~ -1 Optical'~~d iatJdh:. corporafion See us at S.l.D. '86 - Booth 55 ~ Electronic Products Division· · ·.. ·. ·. · · >._ · . · ~~··~ · For Information circle Reader Service # 3 1300 Optical Drive, Ai:usa, _CA ~1702 .·.. 8~8-96.9-33~~ , ______Call for Papers
Electronic Imaging PAPERS ON DISPLAY Authors are invited to submit technical and Information Display is soliciting original Notes for contributing authors and applications papers for presentation at Elec articles that cover all aspects of display specifications for submitting manu tronic Imaging '86--The Third Annual In technology and applications-display scripts can be obtained from the Editor ternational Electronic Imaging Exposition & systems, sensing and imaging instru of ID. Address all inquiries and submit Conference. Sheraton-Boston Hotel. Boston. mentation, printing technologies, input/ contributed articles to: The Editor, Infor MA. November 4-6. 1986 output devices, interactive graphics, mation Display, 310 East 44th Street, Subjects include: Prof essional & Engi storage media, and human factors # 1124, New York, NY 10017. neering Workstations. Intelligent Copier/ engineering. Printers, Optical & Videodisk, Electronic Printing & Publishing. Machine Vision. Com puterized Slide Making. Satellite Image Transmission. CD-ROM Systems. Photo Sensors-Visible Infrared. Pyroelect ric. X-Ray. and UV. Image Pr ocessing. Display & Hardcopy Output. Digital Facsimile. High Definition TV. Electronic Photography. Sci entific Applications. Medical Imaging. Graphic Arts. Video Teleconferencing. Com puter Graphics. Fiberoptics. Optical Memo ries. Laser Printers. and Array Processing. Additi onal suggested topics will be considered. Send a 150-word abstract and short bi ography to: Richard Murray. Papers Chair man. c/o Institute for Graphic Communi cation. 375 Commonwealth Ave., Boston. MA 02115 Deadline for submittal: May 30,1 986. Electron Devices
Papers are sought for the 1986 IEEE Inter national Electron Devices Meeting. Westin Bonaventure Hotel. Los Angeles, CA. Decem ber .7- 10. 1986. Topics requested for papers include: De tectors. Sensors. and Displays: Electron Tubes: Solid-State Devices. Modeling and Simulation: Integrated Circuits. Device Tech nol ogy: Quantum El ectronics. and Range from Compound-Semiconductor Devices. 5 MHz to 100 MHz Authors should submit a one-page ab bandwidth stract (500 words maximum) that clearly states the purpose of the work: the ma nner and degree to which it advances the art: and specific results that have been obtained and their significance. Accompanying the ab stract should be two additional pages of fig ur es and drawings (no text) that define the planned 20-min paper and emphasize the findings. One copy of a covering letter and 40 cop ies of the technical material (collated and Available with stapled) should be sent to: Melissa M. or without Widerkehr. Courtesy Associates Inc .. 655 internal graticules 15th Street NW-Suite 300, Wash ington. DC 20005. Deadline for submittal: July 14. 19 86.
They may be small, but this family of tubes measures up to our strict quality standards for high reliability and long life. And their many features make them ideal for instru See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booth 5 1 ments or oscilloscopes. From Panasonic.. .the Image Makers. For JOIN S.I.D. more information, contact: Panasonic In dustrial Company, Computer Components Panasonic TODAY Division, One Panasonic Way, Secaucus, Industrial Company NJ 07094. Mail Sto p 485. (201) 348-5278. For information circle Reader Service # 4 May 1986 S Industry News ______
Science, engineering, and been buffeted severely by competition from tures. unless their undertakings are clearly technology competition promoted foreign companies that not only are able to restricting competition. In an effort to develop an industrial competi collaborate on expensive research and devel Types of consortiums protected under the tiveness stature in US industry. the National opment work. but also enjoy government law range from large-scale operations. with Academy of Engineering (NAE) and the De support. autonomous staffs. to pools of funds for uni partment of Commerce (among others) That may be changing now that the Na versity research. While the full results of the have initiated respective "industrial tional Cooperative Research and Develop law will not be seen for several years. the competitiveness programs." ment Act has begun to attract US companies new law may eventually save many compa NAE. with its Decade Ill Program. hopes that wish to pool their R&D efforts under nies valuable time and money by allowing to promote industrial competitiveness in certain exemptions from antitrust suits and them to combine information and resources such areas as space and energy. international government prosecution. on project research. trade. communications and new technolo The new law eases antitrust regulations (Developed from AFIPS Washington Report and gies that create overlaps of national bounda for corporations engaged in joint research Federal & State Legislative Update- February ries. NAE will be assisted by the National and development ventures covering areas of 1986.) Academy of Sciences through the National theoretical analysis. exploration and experi Engineering and computing Research Council and the Committee on Sci mentation. exchange of research data. con highlighted at AAAS meeting ence Engineering and Publ ic Policy. tracts for research and development. and The Commerce Dept. is studying cooper construction of research facilities. Supercomputers. biomedical imagery. and ative R&D ventures. promotion and devel Under the Act. companies must first regis lasers will be among the many subjects cov opment of innovative financing methods for ter their joint project proposal with the ered at the 152nd national meeting of the private sector R&D funding. preparation of Justice Dept. and the Federal Trade Com American Association for the Advancement economic profiles for state governments. mission. In exchange for registration. re of Science (AAAS) in Philadelphia. May and provisions for greater access to govern wards in anti-trust suits will be limited to 25-30. ment data/facilities for research. actual damages. interest. and cost of suit. Among the engineering and computing Companies also will be able to recover legal sessions scheduled are: R&D cooperative ventures fees from the plaintiff. ·if unsuccessfully • Direction in Engineering Research: An exempted from anti-trust sued. And. there will be no government Assessment of Opportunities and Needs US high-tech firms for some time now have prosecution of registered joint business ven- • Biomedical Imagery: Fun ctional
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For information circle Reader Service # 6 May 1986 7 Industry News ______
Mapping and Real Intelligence universities. and federal agencies whose in Need stressed for reliable optical • Recent Trends in Supercomputers terests are in maintaining current knowl fiber measurements • Nonlinear Phenomena. Computer edge of technical progress in Japan despite Improved measurement technology will play Graphics. and Mathematics language barriers. an important role in the abi lity of US fiber • Applications of Lasers in Medicine and The seminar presentations offer several optic businesses to compete with countries possible answers on how to gain access to Industry such as Japan. according to a National Bu • Status of the NSF Supercomputer the 80% or so of Japanese technical litera reau of Standards report to Congress. ture that never gets published in Eng lish. Initiative In testimony on the proposed FY87 NBS • Computecs and Society: Is There a Com These include: a more active translation role budget. John W. Lyons, director of the NBS puter Revolution? for professional societies. as well as support National Engineering Laboratory. described In addition. the program will feature sym from American industry. To order a copy: US the difficulties in measuring characteristics posia covering physical. earth, and planetary Access to Japanese Technical Literature: of optical fibers and components. "Despite science: materials science: science policy: en Electronics and Electrical Engineering (SP the sophistication of individual firms in the vironmental science: and more. 71 0) Stock number 003-003-02709-0. business." Lyons said. "there are very sub AMERICAN ASSOC IATION FOR THE AD Price: $6 (prepaid). stantial difficulties in making measurements VANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, Washington. SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, US to characterize components of the system. DC (202/325-6440) Government Printing Office. Washington. both for buying and selling them. as well as DC 20402 Access to Japanese technical for evaluating them in place." literature topic of report Artificial Intelligence topic of Today's sophisticated fiber optic technol new magazine ogy has made the need for reliable measure How the US can gain better access to Japa ments more pronounced. says Lyons. NBS is nese technical literature in electronics and A monthly industry publication-A/ seeking a $950.000 FY87 budget increase electrical engineering is the topic of a EXPERT- that debuts in July will focus on for fiber optic measurement research and 155-page report that summarizes a recent practical AI programming strategies for ap services. Another $750,000 will be trans seminar held at the National Bureau of Stan plications and system development. Sub ferred from existing research areas at NBS. dards in Washington, DC. The report in scri ptlon: $27 ( 12 issues). for a total of $1.7 million for the fiber optics cludes transcripts of presentations by C.L. PUBLI CATIONS. San Francisco. CA program. representatives from Congress. industry . (415/95.7-9553)
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See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booth 70
p, ..,., Tr,l" (, 'L '•l' r " Roulr· 1.1.1 North P 0 Box 1.!2' W " a Information Display For Information circle Reader Service # 7 ______lndust~News US computer manufacturers pool efforts to communicate NEW! for SID Members- will help us expedite your order, and will save both time and money. The latest of several current efforts to pro ... Especially international. duce and adopt international standards for Just write your MasterCard number computer and communications systems got You may now authorize us to pay and expiration date on your in voice underway earlier this yea r when twenty US your dues via your MasterCard, or order , and be sure to include computer manufacturers formed the Corpo charging fees and publications to your signature. We'll take it from ration for Open Systems (COS). The group. your account in U.S. Dollars. This there. whose members include AT&T. Control Data Corp .. Digital Equipment Corp .• National Cash Register. and others. plans to expand its membership to include firms outside the computer manufacturing community. COS will support open systems intercon nection (OSI) standards currently being de veloped by the International Standards Organization (ISO). The group plans to con tinue OSI goals. not by setting its own stan dards. but by choosing a set from various existing international standards. COS will also develop product tests and a certification program according to the new consensus of standards. Four of the seven OSI protocols have al ready been adopted by members of the Con sultative Committee o n Internat ional Telegraph and Telephone (CC ITT) and by Japa n. Three segments of the OSI protocols address the difficult problem of applications and are still being developed. Once fully pro duced and accepted. these protocols should help computers made by many different manufacturers to communicate with one another. Besides the ISO. the CCITT. and the new COS. there exist two private US groups and one European consortium also working on the problem: Boeing Co. General Motors Corp. and Standards Promotion and Aware ness Group. (Developed from AFIPS Washington Report. Feb ruary 1986.) Engineering standards index updated for easy reference More t han 28.000 standards. specifications and recommended test methods can be qu ickly located with a Key-Word-In-Context (KWIC) Index of US Voluntary Engineering Standards published by 422 US trade associ ations. technical and professional societies. The revised microfiche index. first pub lished in 1971. provides title. date. source, and number of the standard for each entry. Titles can be found by all significant See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booths 44 & 45 keywords. For information contact: Stan dards Code and Information Office. National Bureau of Standards (301/921-2092). Or ~"~ =~:/!Radl!!~M.":::!~ Pe~~!If_~?:;!f:!C der number: PB 86-154408. Price: $ 13.50 3777 Ruffin Road, San Diego, CA 92123 (prepaid) !6191 279-8034, Cable: GAMSI SDG, Telex: 697938 NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION west coast call (619l 279-8034 or (818l 344-3696; East coast call (617) 745-3200; SERVICE. Springfield, VA 2216 1 central States call (312) 253-D335; Mid Atlantic states call (609l 452-7772; southeast call (904) 383·0758; Northwest ca ll (408l 735-1450. For Information circle Reader Service # 8 May 1986 11 Technology Update ______----'- Laser plotter displays The syst em also features 120 million Fiber Optics. large paperless drawings addressable points. 400 dpi addressability in More than 100 publications are reviewed A reusable electronic color slide is the key to both the X and Y axis. vector write/erase from scientific and professional journals to a newly developed graphic display system speed of 2000 inlsec. maximum geometric business and technical periodicals. such as: that provides static or real-time. high resolu distortion less than 0.05%. and a large area Information Display tion color plots of 2-D and 3-D drawings. up contrast ratio of 16:1. Laser Focus to 34 in. wide. without using any plotting GREYHAWK SYSTEMS INC .. Milpitas. CA Applied Optics media. (408/945-1776) American Journal of Nursing Images are displayed on the system's For information, circle Reader Service # 140 New Scientist 40-in.-diagonal screen directly from a Business Week · computer -aided design workstation. The Newsletter provides access Technology Review graphic image is written onto the slide Electronic Design (permenantly integrated in the device) by a to imaging, display articles Research & Development. low-power semiconductor laser and project A monthly resource newsletter. written spe All entries include article title. author. ed onto a rear-illuminated viewing screen. cifically for the scientist. engineer. and man pu bl ication. date, and page numbers. Sub As a result. the high-resolution image pro ufacturer in the Electronic Imag ing and scription: $72/year (12 issues). duced has no flicker or distortion. Display industries. provides quick access to PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS. PO Box Softplot. as the system is called. can oper current articles on systems and technolo 319, Huntington. NY 11743. ate in both vector and raster modes in the gies. such as: For information circle Reader Service # 98 same drawing. allowing maximum speed for Computer Input Devices both text and graphics. It produces line Storage/Memory Systems widths from 10 mils to 50 mils in a single Electronic Information Displays pass. offers a choice of 16 colors from a Non-Impact Printers JOIN S.I.D. 256-color palette. and has an 8-level gray Human Factors Engineering scale . White or black background is Imagers and Scanners TODAY user-selectable. Facsimiles Quality VENUS Price SCIENTIFIC, INC. Availability Venus Scientific offers over 400 power supply systems; from 5 to 30,000 volts, up to 2,500 watts. Venus has the power supply solution for: • IA:lSCfS • Aerospace • ~lilitary • Electronic Displays • Communications • Research Labs See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booth 17 399 SMITH STREET, J:iARMINGDALE, N.Y.ll735 (516) 29~100 TWX 510 224 6492 12 Informat ion Display For Information circle Reader Service #9 For information circle Reader Service # 10 ,..... Another product of experience ... Miniscan- afeather in our hat, aCRT small enough for yours. • As you can see, we're very proud tube. Its high resolution means you and Brandenburg in specialized CRT of our revolutionary new can get 800 TV lines on a l-inch power supply and drive systems. MINISCAN display system. diameter screen. It has electrostatic Its use is not confined to helmets, And no wonder! For the first focusing and deflection, so is not of course. You can use it in any time, we've separated the CRT from only smaller, lighter and more application where display size and its associated rugged, but consumes less power, weight are critically limiting factors, drive electronics than electromagnetic types. and install the drive electronics/ and power unit. MINISCANistheproductofa power unit remotely. And, because collaborative venture between·two That would put a feather in your the CRT is as leaders in their respective fields: hat, too! small and MOV in high-performance CRTs, For further details contact; lightweight as The M-0 Valve Company Ltd., ours is, you can Hammersmith, London W6 7PE, install it in places England. Tel: 01-603 3431. you never thought possible Telex: 23435. Fax: 01-602 3365. before. Like on a helmet. Just think of the benefits MINISCAN EEV Incorporated, that could bring to applications like DISPLAY SYSTEMS 7 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, thermal-imaging sights and NY 10523. weapons-aiming systems. brandenburg Telephone: (914) 592-6050. And our CRT is no ordinary Telex: 6818096. Fax: (914) 682-8922. 14 Information Display For Information circle Reader Service # 11 ------' XYZ-COORDINATE TOUCH SYSTEM Touch system adds third coordinate to display screen imple components, simple electronics. and simple acous TRANSMIT tical elements have been com TRANSDUCER b5ined to produce an inexpensive touch sensitive entry device that can be ap LT plied directly to a CRT or flat display ...... screen or to a glass overlay. In addition REFLECTOR to providing the conventional x-y co ...... I STRIPES ordinate matrix. the newly developed system also offers a third-z -····· ~ coordinate ca pability. The principle behind it involves gen erating surface acoustical waves (SAWs) of ultrasound across the face of a display screen along both the x and y coordinates. Touching the glass panel with a finger produces an amplitude dip RECEIVER in the transmitted acoustical signals TRANSDUCER whose timing and depth indicate loca . 1 tion (x-y) and finger pressure (z). To illustrate: For the x coordinate. re partially intercepted and then redi Unlike earlier attempts to produce flectors are placed along the top and rected to the receiving transducer at the SAW-type touch devices. the new sys bottom edges of the screen with a bottom left of the screen. tem uses only two transducers for each transducer located on the left end of By the time the bottom transducer coordinate (the older systems used mul each strip (Fig. 1). A short pulse receives these deflected pulses . .the tiple transducers along all four edges of transmitted by the top transducer trav wave has acquired a long rectangular a display) and reflector strips along each els f rom left to right over the top reflec shape t hat completely cove rs t he edge to move a pulse wave across the tor strip and is partially deflected screen. with each point in time corre screen. downward all along the strip. The pulse sponding to a specific vertical path moves along as many closely spaced across the panel. The same scheme is re parallel vertical paths to the right side of peated for t he y coordinate thus by Robert Adler. Peter J. Desma res forming a matrix of points covering the and Jarries J. Fitzgibbon the screen. As each downward pulse Zenith Electronics Corporation. Glenview, fL. strikes to bottom reflector strip. it is entire screen. May 1986 15 XYZ-COORDINATE ------ TOUCH SYSTEM TRANSMITTED "- PULSE RECEIVED SIGNAL "/ FINGER PRESSURE liP--- POSITION FIG.2 On a typical 13-in. monitor screen. presence of a dip in the output signal tern requires re-tooling.) With this sys the reflective strips along each edge and to determine the time and depth of tem. only electronics and software need form bands of%" to 1;2" w)de that are its lowest point. Typically. the response be adapted to the specific task. hidden under the screen's bezel. Five is not quite flat even in the absence of a The same holds true for the microsecond pulses of 4 to 5 MHz are touch. In a very simple system. this is z-coordinate: having just two pressure applied. The dip produced by a finger neglected: one must push hard enough steps-high and low- provides a useful touch measures about 5 microseconds to make the signal drop below a preset switching option. equivalent to a push between half-amplitude points: how threshold. Such a system is very inex button everywhere on the screen. This ever. because of the high signal/noise pensive to produce. but obviously not may be all that is needed. even in sys ratio. the electronics can locate the bot very sensitive. tems with high resolution in x andy, but tom of the dip to within ± 1/z fLSec. Touch system resolution on a 13-in. additional intermediate pressure steps which corresponds to ± '/32 in. CRT monitor is 320 x 256. with 16 can easi ly be made available simply by The reflector strips are about 0.2 pressure steps. The monitors are pro providing appropriate electronics. The mils (5 microns) thick: they are depos grammed to permit an operator to per extra pressure coordinate. available at ited by silk screen printing. (In the dem form certain functions. such as screen very little incremental electronic cost. onstrat ion monitors. frit (powdered scrolling at variable speeds (the higher represents a bonus not easily duplicated glass) was used because of its compat i the finger pressure. the faster the scroll by more conventional touch systems. bility with the glass screen and its excel speed). moving a cu rsor in '/32" incre lent acoustical properties: it. however. ments. or finger-painting (pixel size and requires baking at 430C. Other printing color is selected by finger pressure). inks or other methods of forming the Such features require somewhat more strips. such as etching. could be used. complex electronics and software than The transducers are thin rectangular would be needed in most practical. appli bars of piezo-ceramic. %" to W' long. cations. but the acoustic elements attached to small lucite wedges that di (transducers and reflector strips) are (Developed from A Three-Coordinate Touch Sys rect the longitudinal waves of ultra the same regardless of whether the ap tem for Computer Displays. by Robert Adler. Pe ter J. Desmares. and James J. Fitzgibbon. Zenith sound produced by the ceram ic bars plication ca lls for 3x2. or 300x200 Electronics Corporation. Glenview. IL- SID '86. into the glass at the correct angle for touch points. (This is quite different International Symposium on Information Display, conversion into SAWs. from. for example. infrared systems. San Diego. CA. May S-9. 1986.) Electronics serve to recognize the where a change in the touch point pat- For Info rmation circle Reader Service # 102 16 Information Display Bright Display Designs From . .. DISJ:)LAV J:)RODUCTS, INC . Gas Discharge Display Components and Subsystems and Vacuum Fluorescent Display Subsyst~ms MARATHON RAISED CATHODE M ESSENGER GAS DISCHARGE PLASMAFLEX SCREENED IMAGE DISPLAY COMPONENTS DISPLAY SUBSYSTEMS DISPLAY COMPONENTS Raised Cathode PGD components oper· DP series PGD subsystems operate with Screened image PGD components ate with a single + 180 VDC (nominal) a + 5 VDC and + 185 VDC power supply operate with a single + 180 VDC (nominal) power supply. Accessory high voltage and accept TTL level parallel ASCII or power supply. Accessory high voltage driver/decoders and DC/DC converters graphic data. An optional serial interface driver/decoders and DC/DC converters are available. is available. are available. Model Number of Character Model Rows x Character Model Number of Character Number Characters Height Number Columns Height Number Characters Height NUMERIC MULTILINE ALPHANUMERIC 5 x 7 NUMERICS SP-102 '12 . 1,0" (25,4mm) DOT MATRIX CHARACTER FORMAT SP-450-{)13 6 0.50" (12,7mm) SP-101 1 1,0" (25,4mm) DP-{)216-C1 2 x 16 0.42" (10,7mm) SP-450-019 8 0.70" (17,8mm) 1112. SP-331 0.33" (8,4mm) DP-0416-C1 4 x 16 0.33" (8,4mm) CLOCK SP-332 2 0.33" (8,4mm) DP-{)832-C1 8 x 32 0.25" (6,4mm) SP-334 2112. 0.33" (8,4mm) DP-{)840-C1 8 x 40 0.21" (5,3mm) SP-431 2.0" (50,8mm) SP-333 3 0.33" (8,4mm) DP-1240-C1 12 x 40 ALPHANUMERIC 1112 . SP-351 0.55" (14,0mm) FULLY POPULATED DOT ADDRESSABLE SP-462 4 2.0" (50,8mm) SP-352 2 0.55" (1 4,0mm) GRAPHICS SP-452 • 16 0.50" (12,7mm) SP-354 2112 " 0.55" (1 4,0mm) DP·32G96-C1 32 x 96 VARIABLE SP-450-{)26 16 0.50" (12,7mm) SP-353 3 0.55" (14,0mm) SP-450-{)18 20 0.50" (12,7mm) 1 DP-64G192-C1 64 x 192 VARIABLE SP-355 3 12 " 0.55" (14,0mm) DOT MATRIX SP-356 4 0.55" (14,0mm) DP-96G240-C1 96 x 240 VARIABLE SP-324 4 0.23" (5,8mm) SP-480-006 8 1.0" (25,4mm) SP-325 5 0.23" i5,8mm) SP-480-{)02 20 0.47" (11 ,9mm) SP-480-001 40 0.24" (6,1mm) CLOCK SP-358 0.55" {14,0mm) • = without flying leads ALPHANUMERIC SM SERIES SUBSYSTEMS ACCESSORIES SP-252 2 0.55" (14,0mm) SM series subsystems operate with a Babcock offers a host of accessories for our displays, including: • m '12. with + or - sign single + 5 VDC power supply and accept parallel TTL level ASCII data. SM & SG • Circular Polarized Filters for the SM and canned message subsystems also accept DP series of Gas Discharge subsystems AZURE VACUUM FLUORESCENT TTL level or RS-232 level serial data. • Acrylic Filters for the Azure series of SUBSYSTEMS Vacuum Fluorescent subsystems Vacuum Fluorescent subsystems operate Model Rows x Character on a single + 5 VDC power supply and Number Columns Height • Display Connectors for both Raised accept TTL level parallel or serial ASCII SINGLE LINE SUBSYSTEMS Cathode and Screened Image displays data. SM-81 0-{)01 1 x 40 0.24" (6, 1mm) • Connector kits for all subsystems RS-232 serial is optional. SM-810-002 1 x 20 0.47" (11 ,9mm) • Pin Straighteners for Raised Cathode Model Rows x Character SM-810-{)04 1 x 20 0.47" (11 ,9mm) displays Number Columns Height CANNED MESSAGE SUBSYSTEMS • + 5 VDC to + 180 VDC DC to DC Con 14-SEGMENT CHARACTER FORMAT SM-{)120-C1 1 X 20 0.47" {11 ,9mm) verters and Line operated + 180 VDC VS-0116-{)1 1 x 16 0.35" (9mm) SM-{)140-C1 1 X 40 0.24" (6,1mm) Power Supplies VS-{)120-{)1 1 x 20 0.35" (9mm) SG-{)22Q.C1 2 X 20 0.45" (11 ,4mm) • Decoder/Driver integrated circuits VS-{)132-{)1 1 x 32 0.20" (5mm) 5x7 DOT MATRIX CHARACTER FORMAT VF-{)120-{)2 1 x 20 0.35" (9mm) VF-{)120-{)3 1 X 20 0.59" (15mm) VF-{)140·02 1 x 40 0.20" (5mm) Ask for a demonstration and judge the quality of Babcock Displays VF-{)220-01 2 x 20 0.20" (5mm) for yourself. VF-{)220-{)2 2 x 20 0.35" (9mm) VF-{)240-{)1 2 x 40 0.20" (5mm) VF-{)240-{)2 2 x 40 0.20" (5mm) For further information contact your local Babcock representative VF-{)240·03 2 x 40 0.20" (5mm) or the factory. VF-{)640-{)1 6 x 40 0.20" (5mm) Informative Design Guide Covers Display Fundamentals. The booklet, Selecting The Right Display, wm assist you in choosing a display to match your design. Try an Evaluation Kit. Many Babcock units are available in Evaluation Kits which provide the display ofyo ur choice, plus the accessories required to evaluate it. See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booth 76 1051 South East Street Anahe1m, C A 92805 U.S A Telex: 325133 0 1splay Hotl•ne: 714141tt-5100 DISPLAY PRODUC T S , INC . For information circle Reader Service # 13 May 1986 17 THREE-ELECTRODE------ PLASMA DISPLAY Three-electrode plasma panel cuts power requirements y isolating the glow sustaining high-current pulses from the write-address vertical cover eBlectrodes of an ac plasma display. engi neers have produced a gas discharge panel that uses smaller-area and lower power integrated ci rcuit ch ips; and eliminates the need to retain low cover electrode resistances. In typical plasma displays. only a few hundred ohms drive-line resistance is permitted to achieve good operating margins (peak sustain currents of 25-100 rnA per li ne are obtained. de pending on panel size and number of "ON" pels). With this new design. however. since only one or a few pels need be written or erased simultaneously per cover elec trode. t he currents required for these operations alone are typically only a few milliamps and the requirements for low voltage drops are also not severe. Thus side the existing electrodes (Fig. 1). The spreading is co ntrolled by field non transparent ITO (Tin-oxide electrodes) added electrodes can all be driven from uniformity in the gas. Thus. for dis with 10-20K ohms resistance can be one or two sustain pulsers whose polar charges t o be extended along the used for non-sustaining X-axis drive ity or phase is opposite to the conven electrodes away from the crossover electrodes. These permit essentially all t ional sustain drives used on the point the discharge path is forced to light generat ed by the display to be seen horizontal addressi ng electrodes "Yi... proceed in lower electric f ields and for directly. But. t o achieve w ide operating sus greater distances. Various metallic To simultaneously sustain the on tain margins. some means is required of blocking structures have been used with state or glowing pels. a "3rd" set of at least partially isolating glows from single substrate types to enhance field electrodes is added to the substrate be- neighboring cells without seriously lim or path length gradients. iting the passage of priming particles In this new system. a thick-film by G.W. Dick across the display surface. In the con blocking or rib structure placed on the AT&T Bell Labs. Reading. PA ventional ac plasma panel discharge (Continued on p. 20 .. . ) 18 Information Display For information circle Reader Service # 15 ._ . l THE ULTIMATE IN PRECISION SPUTTERED THIN FILMS The best quality films at the most economical price. .. ANDUS. The name to remember for custom thin film Reli able, professional service you can count on . .. St rict coatings that meet your most stringent performance quality control and full technical support. In a word ... requirements. Whether you need coatings that are AND US. transparent and conductive, that act as barrier layers, that provide radiation shielding, or that can be used in As the leading su pplier of thin films - used in appli flexible circuits and membrane switch applicati ons, cations ranging from flexible circuits to membrane think of ANDUS. switches to satellite blankets to information storage we have earned a solid reputation for producing high ANDUS. The company you can rely on. Call us for quality sputtered thin films. A reputation that is built your prototype and production needs. You'll be glad upon a solid base of advanced technologies, such as you did. magnetron sputtering and plasma-assisted deposition, SEE US AT SID 86 BOOTH 49 and upon our state-of-the-art facilities. ANDUS. ADDED VALUE WITHOUT ADDED COST. The ANDUS approach to business does not mean just a superior product. We've positioned ourselves as your partner in the development and production of top of-the-line custom-coated thin fi lms with performance ANDUS characteristics that meet or exceed your requirements. In short, achieving customer satisfaction is a way of life at ANDUS. ANDUS CORPORATION/ 21019 Osborne Street, Canoga Park, CA 91304/ Phone (818) 882-5744 Telex 182374 THREE-ELECTRODE ______PLASMA DISPLAY ( ... continued from p. 18) permitting storage of a full line of data purely single substrate design w ithout cover achieves essentially ideal isolation while a new line is being serially input. the high crossover capacitance associa in the X or glow-spreading direction Then . at a suitable write-pulse interval. ted with that type. With peak cover elec without unduly increasing capacitive the full line of stored data is simultane trode currents reduced about an order drive loads. This design retains the ously applied to the cover or X-lines to of magnitude over substrate drives. "non-aligned" assembly feature of the write ajust-previously erased line ofthe driver design and coast for this axis of basic ac plasma panel. It does. however. display. the panel is greatly reduced. require good height uniformity in the Updating or re-writing of all lines of ribs. (Placing the ribs on the substrate. the panel can occur at normal raster parallel to the cover electrode. would scan rates. that is. from 30 to 60 frames relax this height-uniformity require a second. Flicker does not occu r with ment but would then necessitate assem this display regardless of frame rate due bly alignment.) Besides limiting to the display-memory mode of glow-spread. or crosstalk. the ribs also operation. function as plate separators. The use of a third sustaining elec For most current applications. hori trode. as well as a thick-film glow block zontal line-at-a-time or CRT-type ad ing and cell sepa rating structure. yields dressing is desireable so as to permit an ac plasma display that operates with easy interfacing with existing display good margins and excellent viewability. (Developed from Three-Element per Pel AC Plas controller chips and software. The new And using transparent electrodes for ma Display Panel. by G.W. Dick, AT&T Bell Labs. Reading. PA- 1986 International Display Re three-electrode panel is readily driven in the low current cover sheet conductors search Conference. San Diego, CA. October 15-17. this mode. especially when a data buffer provides high optical efficiency (0.3 lu 1985.) is provided in the X-axis drivers. thus men per watt) such as achieved with a For Information circle Reader Service # 103 or write: SPTC, Inc. With special purpose technology 14746 Raymer Street standards are always built ln. Van Nuys, California 91405 (818) 989-4610 (213) 873-5107 Ask our customers ... they know. ZO Information Display For information circle Reader Service # 14 ------LASER OPTICS Laser-optics measure sub-picosecond speeds of electronic devices ver increasing processing crystals between crossed polarizers. the a variable delay line that is synchronized speed is the driving force be transmitted light intensity changes as a with a display device that permits an op hind development of tomor- function of the applied field," according erator to scan the electrical signal. Next. row'sE computers. displays. and commu to the researchers. the scanning pulse train is focused nications systems. Coupling this approach with a new through the Pockels cell configuration The key to achieving these improved short-pulse laser technique enables where the intensity of each pulse is speeds lies in new ultrafast electronic electro-optical sampling having the changed in proportion to the amplitude and opto-electronic devices and circuits highest time resolution known for of the segment of the electrical signal now being devised to operate the next testing the new ultrafast devices and that it experienced as it passed through generation of systems. Measuring the circuits. the electro-optic medium. characteristics of these devices. how Optical pulses are exploited directly ever. is next to impossible using conven as .sampling gates in the electro-optic Photodiode measuring tional electronic instruments that medium. The fastest electro-optic A conventional ··slow·· photodiode is operate at much lower speeds than the sampling systems in use today employ used to measure the sampling beam in devices themselves. 100 fs pulses generated by mode tensity. A lock-in. or tuned. amplifier To cope with this problem. several locked ring dye lasers capable of measures the amplitude of the modu new techniques have recently been de measuring electrical transients only a lated intensity and yields a de output veloped that operate in the picosecond few picoseconds long with temporal proportional to the amplitude of the time range. One of these is unique. in characteristics of less than 300 fs. sampled electrical signal. The output that it is an entirely optical sampling signal is plotted as a function of the op Split-beam sampling system. relying only on an electric field t ical delay. thus yielding an equivalent coupling between the electro-optic In this electro-optic sampling system. time representation ofthe electrical sig sampling medium and the circuit under the optical pulse train is divided into two nal under study. evaluation. It therefore does not require beams. One beam repetitively triggers Some recent sampling systems pro charge to be removed from the circuit the generation of the electrical signal to vide for delay sca nning between electri for measurement. be measured. The other synchronously cal and optical signals by slightly samples the field-induced birefringence offsetting the repetition frequencies. in the electro-optic medium due to the thereby obtaining repet itive scanning at Electro-optic effect electrical signal. the different frequency. This electronic Developed by J.A. Valdmanis and G. The trigger beam is passed through a technique eliminates the need for an op Mourou at the Laboratory for Laser En modulator operated at a frequency be tical delay time and permits operation at ergetics. University of Rochester. low that of the laser repetition rate to much higher scanning speeds. (Rochester. NY). the electro-optic facilitate lock-in detection of the sampling technique employs the oldest sampling beam. It then initiates the gen (Developed from Electro-Optic Sampling: Testing known technology of any current eration of the electrical signal to be Picosecond Electronics by JA Valdmanis. High Speed Materials and Phenomena Research Dept.. sa mpling system- t he Pockels. or measured either directly from a photo AT&T Bell Laboratories. Murray Hill. NJ; and G. electro-optic effect. In this system. sensitive device or indirectly by using Mourou. Sr. Scientist. Laboratory for Laser Ener getics. University of Rochester. Rochester. NY. when an "electric field is applied to the electrical pulse generated by a Permission received from Advanced Technology some crystals, the birefringence prop photodetector to subsequently drive Group. PennWell Publications to abstract from erties of t he crystals are changed, thus another electrical device such as a the full paper. appearing in LaserFocus/Eiectro Optics. Part 1: February 1986: Part II: March changing the polarization of light that transistor. 1986.) propagates through it. By placing the The sampling beam is passed through For information, circle Reader Service # 104 May 1986 21 DISPLAYIN------RESTROSPECT Display technologies: A retrospective on systems, applications echnological change" is not linear look too narrowly at specific segments their observations on the state of the with time. but follows an S curve," of the display industry-for example art and share their projections for Tsaid Dr. Frederick J. Kahn. in a recent the (maximum pntential) number of display technology developments interview. The vice president of Grey multiplexed rows of LCDs-we will see through the 1990s. hawk Systems (Milpitas, CA) explained, its ·s· curve saturating by the year "Progress is slow at first. followed by 2000. But. if we look more broadly and rapidly accelerating progress as break see the wider frontiers that these tech throughs overcome potential barriers nologies open U!}-such as light valve Cathode-Ray Tubes ... and finally saturation as the potenti displays and electronic imaging The CRT has its origins in experiments alities of the new technologies are fully continued growth without saturation conducted by several investigators to realized." may be expected for at least several ward the end of the 19th century, with Display technologies are no excep (more) decades." their work as an outgrowth of discover tion. with the principles behind many of To properly assess the future of ies in the field of electricity and magnet today's more successful display devices display systems and their applications ism in the first half of that century. having been discovered as early as the necessitates first reviewing the evolu William Crookes, who made several beginning of the 19th century-yet tion of technologies and developments key contributions to the evolution of the only having reached practical applica of various systems. Then. knowing CRT. is considered to have invented the tion within the past 10 to 20 years. In where the various display concepts are CRT in 1879. His studies Jed him to be this short span, the industry has seen a "coming from," we can more realistical lieve that cathode rays were actually leap from laboratory prototypes to ly project the potential for these new electrified gas molecules projected from mass-produced products for a number technologies to be fully realized. the cathode region with high velocities. of different display technologies. And. This first part of a two-part article The luminance of the glass was caused according to current market research draws upon contributions from several by the impact of the molecules on the studies. the information display field acknowledged authorities on various surface of the glass. He concluded that has a long way to go before reaching its display technologies who examine the the luminance was dependent upon the peak. origins of both emissive and non nature of the material they struck. As Dr. Kahn further points out, "If we emissive displays. including CRTs. VFDs. But, it was not until 1896 that ELs, LEOs. GDPs, and LCDs. In the arti Ferdinand Braun conceived of using the Joseph A. MacDonald cle's second part (June 1986). leading CRT as a display device or indicator of Editorial Director display industry specialists will offer some kind. He designed and had built a 22 Information Display How Syntronic helps you meet the design challenges of high-frequency, high-resolution CRT displays. The demands for higher fre (Litz) wire, and high-grade Learn More in quencies and higher resolution molded housings utilizing a Syntronic AP Notes in CRT displays are more flow-through venting system evident today than ever before. to dissipate heat without Syntronic publishes a series Syntronic recognized this forced cooling. of Application Notes that detail demand years ago. We began these and other deflection yoke -and still are-responding High Resolution considerations. Send for your copy of these with improvements in CRT To maintain high resolution deflection component designs AP Notes to learn more about from corner-to-corner (with Syntronic and its efforts in for modern high-frequency high-speed, low-inductance scan circuitry. high-frequency, high-resolution yoke designs), Syntronic utilizes CRT displays. Syntronic offers technical precision stator-type cores, assistance for product develop contour matched to the CRT ment supporting commercial, neck profile. industrial, and military systems. The coil distribution charac teristics are then optimized for High Frequency the application. At high scan frequencies, Syntronic stator-core designs ordinary deflection yokes lose allow production repeatability efficiency or may even melt , as and low spot-growth that is Syntronic Instruments, Inc. in raster-type systems. mandatory for modern wide Department 6A Syntronic has developed angle, high brightness displays. 100 Industrial Road yoke designs incorporating This repeatability, or con Addison, IL 60101 low-loss cores, multi-stranded sistency, assures the user the Phone(312)543-6444 same product from prototype through production. See us at S.I.D. '86- Booth 4 For Information circle Reader Service # 16 May 1986 23 DISPLAY IN------RETROSPECT tube that was able to monitor the ac the iconoscope, and reproduction was the internal flat screen-plate. This output of electric generators operating accomplished with a CRT called the kin curved-mask design became the indus at high frequencies. As the CRT further escope. Then. on July 30, 1930, NBC t ry standard for color tube manu evolved. other applications soon began operating an experimental televi facture. followed. sion station in New York City. But it was A technological advance of immense Paul G. Nipkow demonstrated the not until September 1946 that the first significance to CRT displays was the de first practical television system in 1884. postwar TV sets went on sale. velopment in 1964 of rare-earth phos using a mechanical scanning device to Development of the shadow-mask phors. Rare-earth red phosphor made both scan the subject and create its re color tube used in today's TV sets began possible substantial increases in the production. The device was a spinning at the RCA laboratories in 1949, with brightness of the direct-view TV tube disk with a spiral pattern of holes the initial demonstration of the color and provided the basis for the manufac punched in it. For pickup. the spinning tube in 1950. followed on October 31. ture of practical projection-TV displays. disk was interposed between an intense 1953 by the first ~our-long broadcast Several newer developments that have light and the subject. Only the light of a program in color. significantly improved tube design in passing through one hole could illumi Those first-generation tubes employ clude: Sony Trinitron (1968), Black Ma nate the subject. For reproduction. a ed a flat aperture mask with the screen trix Screen ( 1969). and Precision second spinning disk was placed be deposited on a flat plate inside the tube. In-Line System ( 1972).- Norman H. tween the observer and a lamp. But in late 1953. under the direction of Lehrer. Consultant. Cupertino. CA. The idea of all-electronic television Norman Fyler at CBS Hytron, a tube was not pursued. however. until the was built with a curved mask having the 1920s-culminating in the demonstra phosphor deposited directly on the tion by Vladimir K. Zworykin of such a curved inside surface of the face plate. system on November 18. 1929. The The resultant picture was larger and Flat Cathode-Ray Tubes pickup was by means of a camera tube. more appealing than that achieved with The first significant flat CRT was pro- You can be sure... if it's Westinghouse @ 24 Information Display See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booths 35 & 36 For information circle Reader Service # 12 MINOLTA INDUSTRIAL METERS REMARKABLE VERSATILITY COMBINED WITH SUPERB ACCURACY MINOLTA METERS CONFORM TO CIE SPECTRAL RESPONSE STANDARDS. MINOLTA TV COLOR ANALYZER ll • Enables objective white-balance measurement and adjustment of color • The analyzer has four memory channels for white standard plus four monitors. CRT memory channels. This enables measurement and adjustment of • Clear, accurate digital and analog displays simplify adjustment of different models of CRT's. monitors on production lines. LUMINANCE METERS ILLUMINANCE METERS CHROMA METER CL-100 . I • The Luminance Meter ft-1°, nt-1°, or nt-lho is • Accurate light measuring capabilities in a • Ability to measure light source color and color the perfect choice for readings of light source versatile, hand-held meter. difference between sources. or surface brightness. The single-lens-reflex • A custom-designed liquid crystal display • Chromaticity and color difference are viewing system provides a brigh t, magnified indicates illuminance in either foot-candles measured instantly and displayed as Yxy circular view with a clearly marked 1° or 1;3o or lux. (CIE 1931), Yu'v' (CIE 1976), or 6 (Yxy), center spot to measure the light with no • Measuring ra nge of .001 fed to 9,990 fed 6 (Yu'v'), or 6 u'v'. influence from surrounding areas. enables measurements in virtually any • The user can calibrate the meter to their own • The meter instantly displays foot-lamberts (or situation. standard. Once input into memory, the user cd/m2) on the viewfinder's LED digital display. • Stores a single reading for simplified calibration value remains until changed. • The ability to read flickering sources makes comparison with other sources or monitoring Several meters can be unified to eliminate the Luminance Meter ideal for measuring TV of single source illumination. any variations in their spectral response. and movie screens, cathode-ray tubes, etc. • Built-in terminals for remote operation or attachment to Minolta Data Processor DP-100. For more information, write Minolta Corporation, Industrial Meter Division. 101 Williams Drive, Ramsey, N.J. 07446. Or, call (201) 825-4000. © 1985 Minolta Corporation. ~ ~ ONLY FROM THE MIND OF MINOLTA MINOLTA For information circle Reader Service # 17 See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booth 88 May 1986 25 .. 26 Information Display For Information circle Reader Service # 18 DISPLAY IN------ RETROSPECT posed in September 1952 by professor D. Gabor. of the University of London. Although a somewhat similar device had been independently conceived in the spring of 1951 by R.W. Aiken, at the University of California Radiation Labo ratory. a patent for it was not filed until 1953 (10, July 1985. p 12). The Aiken tube was developed for both US Navy and commercial color TV applications, with the technology currently being used in a miniature portable TV mar keted by Sinclair Research and Timex of Scotland. In the late 1950s through the early 1960s. Philips Mullard developed an unusual flat CRT (called the Banana Tube) which, however. couldn't com pete with the shadow-mask CRT. Then in 1962. a flat-panel CRT display pro gram was initiated at Northrop Elec tronics. Called the Digisplay, the display conceived by L. Jeffries and D. Hultberg differed from earlier devices in that it utilized an area-cathode and a series of switching grids to sequentially control For Information circle Reader Service #19 the area of phosphor to be excited. The Northrop program was active until version was discontinued in the early uses magnetic focusing in one axis. At 1973, when the patent rights and 1970s. SID '86, a team from Lucitron described equipment were sold to Texas Instru Then at the 1976 SID Symposium. its successful production of a 35-in. di ments (TI). Zenith first reported a flat CRT that agonal gas discharge, monochrome vid After trying to adapt the Northrop used a cold ion feedback cathode and a eo display panel only 5 in. deep.-Walter design to produce a direct competitor to series of electron multipliers (dynodes). F. Goede. Northrop Electronics, Hawthorne, the home TV CRT, Tl was forced in Meanwhile, another group at Zenith CA 1979 to abandon its efforts. as costs had developed a hybrid system that could not be reduced sufficiently to en used a plasma discharge as the electron able the system to compete with con source for a flat CRT- somewhat simi ventional color TV receivers. lar to the Northrop device. (These re Then in 1967, the Japanese company searchers left Zenith in the early 1980s Electroluminescent Displays ISE introduced the first commercially to form their own company- Lucitron). Electroluminescence (EL) in polycrystal successful flat CRT-ca lling its device a RCA, at the 1978 SID Symposium. in line electroded phosphors was first ob Vacuum Fluorescent Display (VFD). San Francisco, reported on a very simi served in June 1936, by Professor The VFD uses a multifilament area lar flat CRT device that also used an ion Georges Destriau, of the University of cathode similar to that developed at feedback cold cathode and multiplexer Paris. Before and after WWII, Destriau Northrop and a low voltage phosphor dynodes, and had a self-supporting delivered several other papers that ex instead of the more conventional TV structure. Work on it, however, has pounded on the fact that luminescence phosphors. These tubes have been quite since been terminated. in a polycrystalline phosphor could be successful in applications requiring More recently, though, flat CRT con achieved solely through the application small numbers of digits and alpha cepts have been described by Philips and of an electric field. Scientific examina numerics. Sony. The Philips approach uses a tion and engineering application of Also, in the mid 1960s, Stanford Re channel-plate type multiplexer for Destriau's results, and dissemination of search Institute (SRI) began research on enhancing the brightness in a structure this information, were delayed because still another concept for a flat CRT that that revives many concepts originally of the war. used an array of field emitters as the put forth in the Gabor and Aiken When the war was over. scientists electron input. Work on the field emis displays. While Sony, in 1982, intro and engineers then returned to this new sion cathode is still active for special ap duced its flat CRT, hand-held TV version and exciting phenomenon. In the US plications, although work on the CRT that is similar to the Aiken device and during the 1950s and 1960s, there was May 1986 Z7 DISPLAY IN~------RETROSPECT a great surge of interest in EL as the not very stable under electron bom nance and matrix addressability using universalluminaire and display media. bardment. breadboard substrates with a 5 x 6 The first practical electroluminescent By 1957, Charles Feldman and matrix array. lamps were made in the Sylvania Labo Margaret O'Hara, of the US Naval Re Martin Reder, Edwin Soxman, and ratories in 1949, with GTE Sylvania search Laboratory, reported on exten Gordon Steele, in 1963, acquired the first demonstrating their panelescent sive studies of thin-film phosphors that Santa Barbara laboratory and formed lighting at a solid state conference in the showed the chem istry of the powdered Sigmatron. They then developed a spring of 1952 at MIT. It was in the material was applicable to thin f ilms. double-sided dielectric sandwich to im 1960s that the Instrument Div. of Lear And, as early as 1959, W.A. Thornton prove upon the configuration t hey had Siegler developed hermetically-sealed was using thin-film phosphors specifi originally demonstrated at Servomech alphanumeric EL displays. with the inte cally for EL display purposes. Most of anisms. And in 1965, they completed gral neutral density filter, for the Apollo his attention was devoted to de thin their first large matrix-addressed EL and Lunar Module vehicles for NASA's film EL, using copper and silver as acti panel- 10 x 10 in. with 25.6 lines/in. manned lunar program. By 1964, these vators. The material, however, was too Sigmatron then demonstrated their display assemblies were sunlight read highly conductive and thus the device technical accomplishments at the sixth able and had a life (to one-half lumi was susceptible to uncontrolled National SID Symposium under the nance) of 2000 hr. breakdown. name LEF (Light-Emitting Film), show Thin -Film EL- Several Thin-Film Then in 1961, the first real break ing an EL panel that included a black (TF) phosphor screens were made for through came at Servomechanisms, in layer behind the t ransparent phosphor, CRT application before Destriau discov Santa Barbara . CA. A team led by Edwin was matrix-addressable and readable in ered EL, with the first patent for J. Soxman successfully used thin-film sunlight. evaporating luminescent phosphor technology to deposit Zn:Mn phosphor Among several other research teams films issued in 1934 to J.H. De Boer and with a dielectric in an ac configuration. A working on thin-film ELs was Sharp, C.J. Dippel. These films, however. were year later. he demonstrated high lumi- having begun in the early 1950s. AI- AD-MU SHIELDING DOES ENHANCE EMI SENSITIVE COLOR DISPLAYS FOR R 0 V~ l! B I v ! - .-V~ -----. - - - ' Achieve high quality hues and sharper color definition for avionics, computer graphics, medical instrumentation, military and other critical color image applications. A properly selected shielding alloy . . . placed around or adjacent to a circuit component ... suppresses radiated magnetic fields interferring with other nearby components, or vice versa. That's how AD-MU shielding alloys solve your problem. 56 pages of this 84-page Procurement Catalog/Engineering Manual ~ contains useful technical data covering the entire magnetic shielding field; 28 pages consist of usual catalog type data Just request this vital helpful data on your letterhead and it's yours. AD 625 MONROE STREET, ROCHESTER, INDIANA 46975 (219) 223-ADMU TWX 810 290 0294 The Problem Solving Magnetic Shielding Specialists-4 Decades of Magnetic Shielding Leadership 28 Information Display SEE US AT S ID 86 - BOOTHS 2,3 For Information circle Reader Service # 20 DISPLAY IN ______RETROSPECT though the Sharp team had done con siderable research in EL since the early 1950s-first with powders and subse quently with thin films-it was not until the late 1960s. after having visited Sigmatron facilities. that Sharp im proved the technology using E-beam evaporation of the ZnS:Mn and applied better dielectrics to its devices. Then. at SID 74. in San Diego. they presented their findings and in September 1978 demonstrated a 240 x 320-line thin film EL monochromatic TV for the first time in the US. at the Consumer Prod ucts Show in Chicago. The Sharp device did not use a black layer. but rather incorporated a diffuse reflective aluminum back electrode and a front polarizer or neutral density filter to achieve good contrast in high ambi ent illumination. The displays. however. were not readable in direct light. Since then. Sharp has made additional techni ca l advances such as thin-film addressed matrix displays with memory. TV stop motion. and direct electronic readout For information circle Reader Service # 19 capability. Although almost all of the US re TFTs to ac thin-film ELs. Such a device is search and development teams that had intrinsically matrix-addressable. but ad Light-Emitting Diodes been working on EL during the 1950s dition of the TFTs reduces line address Light-emitting devices (LEOs) were ob and 1960s had been disbanded by voltage. adds memory. increases duty served as early as 1907 when yellow 1974, the Sharp disclosures triggered a cycle to 100% for higher luminance. light was produced by passing a current revival of R&D in this field by a number and separates power input to display through a silicon carbide detector. This of US high-technology companies. Much from image input. thus saving power. phenomenon was studied in some detail of this was stimulated by R&D contracts The life problem of ac powder EL. how prior to 1928. awarded by the US Army. Ft. Belvoir. ever. has yet to be eliminated. The history of today·s commercial VA. and Ft. Monmouth. NJ. In the 1980s. intrinsic matrix ad LED displays, however. can be traced to About the same time. A. Vecht. at the dressing of ac thin-film EL. using cus the observation of light emissions from Thames Polytechnic. London. with a de tom LSI DMOS electronics for direct p-njunctions in compound semiconduc powder EL demonstrated a wide range high voltage line drive. overtook the ex tors-only twenty years ago-and the of product applications. using different trinsic TFT approach . This resu lted fabrication of visible injection lasers in colors and having matrix addressability from a combination of factors: Marked gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP). with high luminance. progress on DMOS technology: devel Following this discovery, several labora During the early 1970s. Westing opment of high performance. high volt tories began the development of GaAsP house Resea rch Laboratories. Pitts age ac thin-film ELs: and the slow for LED display applications. This work burgh. and Aerojet Electro Systems. progress of monolithic TFT and powder resulted in the commercial introduction Azusa. CA. used thin-film transistors or TFEL structures. due to their com of LED displays in 1968. by Monsanto (TFTs) to extrinsically address ac pow plex structure. and Hewlett-Packard. der EL displays. ''Hypermaintenance·· The first major breakthrough to get In parallel with t he GaAsP research in phosphor powders. developed by W. EL out ofthe laboratory and into display the 1960s. development of gallium Lehrman at Westinghouse. were used to products was the evolutionary develop phosphide (GaP) LEOs was also being achieve longer life. Two TFTs and a ca ment of high performance ac TFEL pursued at a variety of laboratories. in pacitor were used at each pixel to using ZnS:Mn phosphor: the second. has cluding Bell Labs and IBM. This work achieve memory and matrix address been the avai labi lity of custom LSI utilized for crystal growth a liquid ability. which was not otherwise possi DMOS.- Larry E. Tannas. Jr. . Rockwell phase epitaxial technique (LPE) instead ble with ac powder EL. International. Anaheim. CA. of the vapor-phase epitaxial technique These researchers have also applied (VPE) used to produce GaAsP devices. May 1986 29 DISPLAY IN------ RETROSPECT Both red and green GaP LPE devices were developed. GaAsP became the dominant commercial technology for red-emitting LEDs; while GaP grown by both LPE and VPE has been extensively used for green LEDs. with LPE becom ing the dominant technology in the late 1970s. By the early 1980s. red emitting gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAIAs) had become important commercially. The key breakthrough, though, oc curred in 1966 when workers at Bell Labs found that the addition of nitrogen to GaP substantially improved the per formance of green emitting devices. Then in 1971. nitrogen doping was used in the GaAsP systems and the fab rication of high performance RYG de vices. using VPE technology. was made possible. The first LED devices were designed to replace the vacuum tube displays. which through the late 1960s and early 1970s dominated the instrument mar ket. These early LED devices were fol lowed by smaller numeric devices used For information circle Reader Service # 19 in hand-held calculators, which in turn established LED technology as a signifi the fundamental properties of electrici pressive carbon-arc lamp that was pow cant commercial enterprise. ty. Likewise. many of the significant ered by electric batteries. Although the Between 1973 and 1975. the calcu gas-discharge discoveries followed brilliance of this new lamp exceeded lator market became highly competi shortly after the major discoveries in anything at the time. its practical appli tive, with LED displays pitted against electricity. cation had to wait half a century for a VFDs and LCDs--the latter ultimately The first gas-discharge in an evacu more practical power source--the dy becoming the dominant technology. ated vessel was discovered in 1675 by namo. With the development of t he dy LEDs then quickly moved to the fore the astronomer Jean Picard. Discharge namo, though, the first practical use of a front of watch displays. only to soon was observed in a mercury barometer gas discharge was made possi ble. lose out again to LCDs by 1976-1978. made by filling a glass tube with mercu Frederick Holmes in 1858 installed an Since then. however, a broadly-based ry and then inverting it into a cup of arc-lamp system in the lighthouse at steadily growing market for LED de mercury. so that the falling mercury South Foreland. England. Arc lamps re vices has evolved. encompassing a varie would evacuate the top of the tube. mained in common use throughout the ty of consumer. industrial. and military When the mercury was agitated. static last quarter of the 19th century for applications. New applications for LEDs electricity built up and caused a gas dis many types of illumination. are continually being developed-many charge in the mercury vapor. which The first experiments on a gas dis of which are closely coupled to the mi gave an intriguing weak flash of light. charge between two metal electrodes croprocessor evolution.- M. George In 1705. Francis Hauksbee per placed in an evacuated glass bulb were Graford. Hewlett-Packard. Palo Alto, CA. formed a series of experiments directed performed in 1838 by Michael Faraday. toward understanding Picard's results, But it was not until 1854 that Heinrich cu lminating in a machine having an Geissler, a glassblower at the University evacuated glass ball that was rotated at of Bonn. began making evacauted-gas high speed by a hand-cranked lathe ar discharge tubes in large numbers to be Gas Discharge Panels rangement. The gas inside the glass used in laboratories for demonstration The early history of gas discharge fol ball glowed when the operator's hand and entertainment. Some of these tubes lows closely the early history of electric touched the rotating ball. used a special glass having fluorescent ity. Unlike those of solids or liquids, Continuous gas discharge, however. salts that gave added color-the fore discharges of gas afforded a wide range had to await the development of the runners of fluorescent lights. of intriguing effects that were used to battery by Volta in 1800. Then in 1801, By 1875, William Crookes was ex great advantage in the investigation of Humphry Davy demonstrated an· im- perimenting with a gas-discharge tube May 1986 31 DISPLAY IN------RETROSPECT that could achieve unprecedentedly and J.J. Thomson. by applying magnetic ed the first commercial neon sign. good vacuum. He noted the fluores and electric fields to the Crookes tube. Plasma panels-In a very early flat cence of various substances when elec discovered the electron in 1897. panel display. the Bell System used a re trons in this gas discharge hit them Peter Cooper Hewitt, in 1901, com ceiver based on a gas-discharge device and called these electrons cathode rays mercialized the low pressure mercury to demonstrate live TV in 1927. The (early ancestor of CRTs). Then. using a discharge lamp. In 1910. Georges display panel (an array of 50 x 50 gas similar gas-discharge device. Wilhelm Claude. who developed a technique for discharge cells. with a display area of Roentgen discovered theX-ray in 1895: obtaining low-cost neon gas. construct- approximately 24 x 30 in.) was con structed of a neon-filled glass tube bent back and forth 50 times in a zig-zag manner. It had 2.500 electrodes ce mented to the outside of the tube. each being excited by an ac voltage. This display demonstrated a full gray scale TV image at 16 frames per second. As with many of today's flat panels. how ever. the state-of-the-art of the drive electronics was the major limiting fac tor for the visibility of this early flat panel display. A number of gas-discharge devices were then developed in the 1940s and 1950s for use in computer switching and logic; and one of these developed into a rather successful product. It was a counting device called the Dekatron having multiple cathodes arranged in a ring with a common central anode. The appropriate voltage pu lses would make the gas discharge jump from one cath ode to the next in a shift-register fash ion. This counting device doubled as a display since the state of the counter could be determined by observing which cathode was discharging. Then. early in the 1950s. the NIXIE tube was developed at Burroughs Corp. It was the first commercially successful electronic numeric indicator and had the ability to rapid ly display changing num bers with unprecedented clarity opening t he way for many new product possibilities. Each cathode electrode was constructed in the shape of a differ ent numeral. The potential for a variable-format display having an array ofx-y electrodes and a display element at each intersec tion was finally rea lized in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Experiments in this technology led to the development of arrays of gas-discharges that could be made to emit light efficiently. With this arrangement. however. no more than one cell could be on in a line. be cause once a single cell discharged it would hog current and lower t he volt- 32 Information Display See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booths 42 & 43 Reader Service # 22 DISPLAY IN ______RETROSPECT age on that electrode, thus preventing other discharges from igniting. A key breakthrough came in 1964 when Bitzer and Slottow. at the Univer sity of Illinois. realized a capacitor could be used to exploit the memory of the gas-discharge in a dot-matrix panel. The capacitor could store a charge and. when combined with the negative resistance characteristics of the gas discharge. memory could be achieved when excited by the proper ac voltage. This new device was named the plasma display (gas-discharge) panel. Initially, though. this plasma panel operated only a few hours at a time. The next breakthrough occurred in 1968 when Owens-Illinois developed the rigid substrate open cell structure that was capable of the high temperature bake out necessary for long operating life time. With this development. the ac plasma display panel emerged as a rug ged practical device that was mass producible. In 1970. Holz and Ogle at Burroughs introduced the Self-Scan display that used the internal logic ability of the gas discharge to greatly reduce the number of circuit drivers by making the display act as a shift-register. Two years later. Umeda and Hirose. of Fujitsu. presented the development of an ac plasma display that acted as a shift register. About the same time. researchers at Zenith and Bell Labs demonstrated high quality. real-time television pictures on a self" scan display. The excellent performance of these systems stimulated a great deal of research into flat-panel TV using gas-discharge. · During the 1970s and early 1980s, the plasma display moved from pilot production stages to full-scale produc tion making plasma displays the domi nant flat-panel technology for large area displays.- Larry F. Weber. University of Illinois. Urbana. fL. 0 I'm interested in the Best Yoke for my CRT Display for best: 0 Resolution 0 Geometry 0 Settling 0 Sensitivity 0 Convergence 0 Repeatibility 0 Small Size/Light Weight 0 ------My Application is ______ 0 Please send free CELCO YOKE Selection Guide. Non-Emissive Displays NAME TITLE ------COMPANY ______The history of commercially important STREET ______non-emissive electronic displays began CITY ______with a series of papers by Heilmeier and STATE ZIP PHONE ( ----=---- EXT _ _ _ co-workers in 1968. on two liquid crys- Please fill in address (or attach business card) and mail to C ELCO in company envelope. May 1986 33 DISPLAY IN ______RETROSPECT tal displays (LCDs): t he dynamic scatter concentrated on increasing the infor gain. The principle is used commercially ing mode and the dichroic dye mode. mation content and size of display to in draftsmen's drawing triangles. Other non-emissive display technolo achieve full-page alphanumeric and Two display modes invented in 1980 gies that came into existence about the graphic displays as well as to extend the specifically took advantage of carefully same time included electrochromic and reliability into automotive and industrial constructed defects in the LC to produce electrophoretic. both of which have yet markets. The impetus in the latter half a memory-type operating characteris to become widely used in products. of the 1980s has shifted to gray scale. tic. Also in 1980. Berreman and Heffner The technological development of color fidelity, and larger display area. invented a bistable display t hat employ large-scale integration of semiconduc As useful as the TN LCD is. the loss in ed the cholesteric LC phase. All these tors, at this time. made possible compu brightness associated with the polari systems. however. lack the contrast tations of great complexity in a portable zers required gives a generally dull ap characteristics of the TN display. format. pearance. One way to increase the Despite their widespread application. When LSis were combined with LCDs appa rent brightness of the LCD is to TN LCDs have three drawbacks: limited and LEOs. the portable calculator and back light it. information content. limited color capa digital watch market came into its own. Baur and Greubel in 1977 presented bility. and poor brightness- thus a In 1970, a new dielectric effect a method of collecting ambient light and number of other non-emissive technol known as the twisted nematic (TN) LCD discharging it through a TN LCD. calling ogies continue to be studied . These. was discovered. This LCD had high con it fluorescence- activated display however, have yet to exhibit the combi trast and very low power consumption (FLAD). Key to FLAD is the fluorescent nation of advantages and reliability of and good reliability. By the mid 1970s. dye contained in the plastic. that ab LCDs. TN LCD had become dominant in porta sorbs light in the blue end of the spec Some non-emissive displays still in ble displays of low and intermediate in trum and re-emits the light at longer laboratory study stages include: formation content. wavelengths. in t he green or orange Electrochromic (ECD)-a battery. LCD resea rch in the early 1980s has ranges. resulting in a large brightness electrochromic cell that has one of the electrodes se rving a display function. Electrophoretic (EPD)-a colloidal Control Color, Enhance Contrast suspension that is electrically active. Suspended particles are posit ively With Chromafilter® charged and their color is white. As the field is applied. the particles mi grate to the negative electrodes of • ,-, II · ,-, I t the seven-segment digit. appearing IC · LI I as bright white against the black of the su rrounding fluid. Gray 17 Electroactive-these incl ude ferroelectric displays and ferromag netic displays. in which the solid ma terials interact with light. Electromechanical-several differ Aqua 49-3 Blue 85 ent types of devices. including foil shutter and rotating ball. employ electrostat ic and ferroelectric forces to physically generate a display image.-P. Andrew Penz . Texas Yellow 27 Green 50 Instruments. Dallas. TX. Chromafllter windows for active or l?asslve displays offer color control, plus contrast enhancement, abrasion res1stance, high resolution, and your choice of glare-reduction levels. Available In sheets or as fully fabricated, screen· printed, ready-to-use display read-out windows In clear, neutral gray, or a wide variety of colors for LED, LCD, VFD, CRT, plasma, or electroluminescent dis plays. Chromafllter ... It's color control plus. For a free Chromafilter sample for your display, call Toll Free (800) 222-0618. In New Jersey (800) 222-0617. (Developed from Flat-Panel Displays and CRTs. edited by lawrence E. Tannas. Jr .. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co .. 1985.) 34 Information Display For lnrormalion circle Reader Service # 23 Now your own PC can perform photometric, radiometric, colorimetric and spatial analyses of any light source or sample. Whether you need to do it under laboratory or production line conditions, whether your target is stationary or moving ... it doesn't matter. There's a Photo Research SpectraRadiometer to do the job. The PR-19808/ USS-2 Pritcharde SpectraRadiometer is Need to measure color the definitive spectral /spatial color measurement system economically? in the industry today. The PR-700/PC Fast Scanning SpectraRadiometer leads the field in precise, real-time Turn your own PC into an color and intensity analysis. Now we have adapted both accurate, reliable color of these instruments to be control led by an IBM PC and most currently available compatibles. measurement system. Find out how you can expand the capabilities of your PC into spectral and spatial measurement. Call us today at (818) 843-6100, Telex 69-1427, or write us at the address below. See us at S.I.D. '86- Booths 21 & 22 --PHOTO RESEARCH®SpectraMetrics 'M r Ll ..11 ,. Jr ~m..,. Deo le Division of Kollmorgen Corporation 3000 No. Hollywood Way, Burbank, CA 91505-1094 (818) 843-6100 Telex 69-1427 Cable: SPECTRA AUSTRALIA ETP PTY LTD Ph 858·5122. 858-5200 • CANADA· OPTIKON CORPORATION Ph 519·885·2551 ·FRANCE MICRO GISCO. Ph 670·1158 • HOLLAND INTECHMIJ BV Ph 020·56-96-611 • WEST GERMANY OPTEEMA VIERTRIEB. Ph (02122) 67352 • JAPAN KYOKKO TRADING COMPANY Ph 03-586·5251 • U.K. MICRON TECHNIQUES LTD. Ph 207-4644 ·INDIA PHOTONICS INTERNATIONAL. Ph 366665 • ISRAEL DELTA FILM LTD Ph 052·55722 • SWEDEN SAVEN AB. Ph 315·80 • EUROPEAN HEADQUARTERS LUZERN. SWITZERLAND For Information circle Reader Service #24 PHOTO RESEARCH Ph 041·4690-89 Products on Display ______ VFD converters Series E700VF DC-DC/AC converters for Vacuum Fluorescent Displays (VFDs) pro vide both DC Anode and AC filament outputs from a low voltage DC input at efficiencies exceed ing 80%. Units are 1.1 x ·1.2 x 0.91 in. and fully encapsulated for superior environ mental protection. ENDICOTT RESEARC H GROUP INC .. Endicott. NY (607/754-9187) BOOTH: # 63 For information, circle Reader Service # 64 VDT filters Glareban VDT filters cut the glare bouncing off computer terminal screens by over 90%. Made of tough optical glass. chemically coated on two sides. the filters are distortion free and can be installed in about 10 sec with no tools. The filters are attached by velcro Color CRT yokes cockpit displays. flight simulators and high strips and will fit the terminals of all popular Line of deflection yokes for color avionics resolution monitors. desk top and portable computers. displays and color. high-resolution graphics SYNTRONIC INSTRUMENTS INC .. Addison, DENTON VA CU UM. Cherry Hill. NJ displays now includes 19- in. terminal-size IL (312/543-6444) BOOTH: # 4 (609/424-1012) BOOTH: ·# 98 color CRT yokes (PILand Delta) suitable for For Information, circle Reader Service # 57 For information, circle Reader Service # 69 Substrate stepper line Designed for liquid crystal and flat panel ap plications. line of large substrate steppers are designed to accommodate substrates. Model800 ranges in size from 5 x 5 ·in. to 8 x 10 in. in thicknesses of 0.060 or 0.090 in.: Model 1500. up to 15 in. square. Units fea ture automatic air gage focusing camera. automatic master reticle loading and un loading. automatic master reticle-to-camera alignment. and automatic substrate-to master reticle alignment utilizing a software program that permits placement of layer-to layer alignment targets anywhere on the substrate. and HP Series 200 computer cou pled to a 14-in. monochrome video display with graphics capability. ASET. Woodland. CA (8 18/884-5050) BOOTH: # 99 Surface-mount power array It For Information, circle Reader Service # 67 Series VN01 A ''NE'' surface-mount power MOSFET Quad Arrays contain four devices in a single package that are completely isolated Touch screen Contrast enhancement filters from one another to allow flexibility of use. MicroTouch analog capacitive touch screen Monolithic contrast enhancement filters The arrays. containing four VN01 A power provides a resolution of 256 x 256 in the cal meet specific requirements for producing MOSFET die. only 0.07 in. high. are pack ibrated screen area and is designed to fit vivid visual contrast in cockpit. color CRT aged in a 16-terminal. surface mount ceram most PC monitors. terminals. and CRTs. Be displays. Filters are designed for durability. ic leadless chip ca rrier (LCC) that measures cause of its glass surface. this screen is virtu envir onmental stability. mechanical 0.23 x 0.41 in. The arrays are offered with a ally impervious to damage under normal op strength. and optimum transmission charac 3 Ohms maximum ON-resistance and break eration and will not distort the display teristics in commercial and military aircraft down voltages of 60 V and 90 V. Price: image. making it especially suitable for in flying at high altitudes in intense ambient $11.35. 60 V: $12.04. 90 V (in quantities of dustrial or public access use. light conditions. 100 to 999) MICROTOUCH SYSTEMS INC .. Woburn . MA HOYA OPTI CS INC.. Fremont. CA (41 5/ SUPERTEX INC .. Sunnyvale. CA (408/ (617/935-0080) BOOTH: #25 490-1880) BOOTHS: # 13. # 14 744-0100) BOOTH: # 87 For information, circle Reader Service # 60 For information, circle Reader Service # 59 For Information, circle Reader Service # 89 36 Informat ion Display ______Products on Display Plasma display panel Multiple gray scale plasma display panel pro Solderless interconnectors vides 400 x 640 pixel configu ration and al lows users to vary brightness levels within Parallel interconnect. solderless high density the displayed image from 0% (background) interconnecting device, features contacts on to 33%. 66%. or 100 % (full brightness). 0.030-i n. grid. and has a thermal coefficient Panels include both anode and cathode drive of linear expansion closely matching glass circuits and a 60 Hz scan speed: thus while AC gas discharge panels and printed circuit board. low pr9file (0.275 the cathode row is activated. four-bit paral Complete family of AC gas discharge (plas in. boa rd-to-glass boa rd). low resistance (30 lel data is supplied to the anode colu mns in ma) displays range in size from diagonals of milliohms max with glass tight joint). and TTL levels. Fu rther, the panels display up to one centimeter to one meter. Addressable high voltage breakdown (600 V DC). Device 20 MHz of data in real time. and offer the matrices include 256 x 256. 252 x 508. 512 is environmentally tested for vibration. choice between 0.33 mm x 0.33 mm. and x512. 1024x 1024. 1212x 1596. 1024 x thermal. and mechanical shock. 0.36 mm x 0.30 mm dot pitch designs. 2048. and 2048 x 2048. ITT CAN NON , Fountain Valley. CA (714/ PANASONIC INDUSTRIAL CO .. Secaucus. PHOTONICS TEC HNOLOGY, Luckey, OH 964-7400) BOOTH: #10 NJ (201/392-5653) BOOTH : #51 (419/666-0762) BOOTHS: #8, #9 For Information, circle Reader Service # 68 Fa ~ !nfarmation, circle Reader Service # 55 For information, circle Reader Service # 50 DEFLECTION AMPLIFIERS CITRONIX CD-·100 SERIES DEFLECTION AMPLIFIERS Our X- Y deflection amplifiers can deliver up to +I- 20 amps with a +I- 60 volt power supply (that's 1200 watts per axis). These amplifiers are a lso available with our PS-200 series of regulated or unregulated power supplies. Check these features: • Over 80 D.B. power supply ripple rejection. Contact: A. Pletz • 2MHz small signal bandwidth (with Applications Engineer < 25)-lh yoke inductance). CITRONIX INC. Post Office Box 288 • Optional Voltage on Demand (up to Orangevale, Ca. 95662 150 volts) for fast retrace time (less than (916) 961 -1398, TWX 9103506540 5)-lS). For information circle Reader Service # 25 See vs at S.I.D. '86 - Booth 33 May 1986 37 38 Information Display See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booths 1S & 16 For Information circle Reader Service #26 Products on Display _____ Vacuum fluorescent format allows generation of upper and low Model VF-0240-01 vacuum fluorescent er case alphabet characters. as well as nu subsystem features a 2 line by 40 character merals. punctuation and commonly used display with blinking character capability. An symbols. Also included as standard features on-board microprocessor-controller takes in the software are alternate Japanese care of display refresh and control functions. "Katakana" and European characters. Price: A DC/DC converter generates all the re $239 (in lots of 100). quired voltages to drive the display. Only a BABCOCK DISPLAY PRODUCTS INC .. single + 5 VDC power supply is required to Anaheim. CA operate the subsyst em. (7 14/491-5112) The device's 5 x 7 dot matrix character For information circle Reader Service # 77 Video signal generator Model VG-811. high performance video sig nal generator. produces video clock frequen cies from 5 MHz to 120 MHz and horizontal VID graphics controller scan rates up to 2000 KHz- making the in DeeCO "C2" series graphics controllers for strument suitable for testing. alignment. in flat panel. display applications interface with spection. and evaluation of most current most electro-luminescent and gas plasma high-resolution color and monochrome vid dot matrix flat panel displays, including the eo monitors. The VG-811 can store and re 512 x 256 panels from Planar. Lohja. Sharp. ca ll up to 99 separate program pattern and NEC and others. The controllers have both timing set-u ps in an EE-PROM without the 8066 and NEC7220 processors to provide need for an additional PROM programmer. dual pipelined architecture for fast drawing Full graphics capability is provided by a stan speed using simple handler commands. Ei dard ASCII character set plus 16 user ther 8-bit parallel or RS-232C (or RS-449) definable characters. dots. cross hatch and host interfaces are available. An IBM-PC burst patterns. Color bar and gray scale pat (scan code signal) style keyboard connector terns can be selected for size and sequence. is standard; a touch panel interface is option including random mode. The VG-811 has al. An optional EEPROM allows defining and analog. TTL. and ECL outputs. All functions storing 2 KB of user characters and permits are remotely programmable through GPIB storage of up to 6 KB of local retained or RS-232C interfaces. Price: $10.750. graphic segments. The controller operates TEST & MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS INC .. on + 5 V (DC) input. Dimensions are 5.7 x Sunnyvale. CA (408n20-8877) BOOTH : 9.63 x 1 .23 in. Price: $895 (in 100 # 54 quantity). For information, circle Reader Service # 72 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS CORP .. Hayward. CA (4 15n86-0520) BOOTHS: # 15. # 16 For information, circle Reader Service # 52 For Information circle Reader Service # 27 May 1986 39 J Products on Display ______ The CX41 11 color graphics computer CRT test station display terminal offers a 19-in .. 1024 x 768 Magnetic deflection amplifier. CRT test sta pixel display area. with a virtual graphics tion. with up to ± 20 amps output at ± 60 space of 4 billion by 4 billion points. Sixteen V DC. is mounted inside a 19-in. rack-mount colors can be displayed simultaneously from chassis. The mating power supply is mount a palette of 4 ,096 shades. The display pro ed inside two additional 19-in. rack mount Polyester substrate vides direct, coaxial attachment to IBM 3274 chassis. Power supplies are regulated with Type OC low resistivity film.-a polyester controllers. a 3270-style keyboard and a fold back current limiting. Add-on features substrate coated w ith indium tin oxide-has full-screen. color 3270 alphanumerics. IBM include voltage on demand (up to 150 V DC) a sheet resistivity (Rs) of < 80 ohms per Models 2. 3, 4. and 5 screen formats are for fast fly to. or retrace. and resonan ce fly square and a visible light t ransmittance supported. Price: $13.950. back with fly back voltage up to 250 V. (VL T) of > 80% on optical grade polyester. TEKTRONIX INC .. Beaverton. OR (503/ CI TRON IX INC .. Orangevale. CA (916/ ANDUS CORP .. Ca noga Park. CA (818/ 644-0161) BOOTHS: # 93, #94. # 9S 961 - 1398) BOOTH: #33 882-5744) BOOTH: # 49 For information, circle Reader Service # 63 For information, circle Reader Service # 66 For i!Jformalion, circle Reader Service # 70 Connectors for Dense Circuitry without Solder or Pins Compress PCK ELASTOMERIC STAX '" are layered elastomeric CONNECTORS between any two connectors. Conductive layers are surfaces, ceramic hybrids, PCBs, carbon or silver impregnated silicone which alternate with nonconductive I or glass displays and establish re silicone layers. Standard density is 250 dundant contacts with gas-tight conductive layers per inch. Applications include LCDs, electroluminescent displays, sealing. stacked PCBs, and hybrid interconnects. Cathode ray tubes • Fine-line construction produces MOE '" (Metal-On-Elastomer) connectors Line of cathode ray tubes for use in both are metal traces of gold and/or nickel-on commercial and military applicat ions in contact redundancy copper deposited on an insulating elasto mer. Low contact resistance and design cludes: high brightness. high resolution • Spring-force qualities of silicone flexibility make MOEs ideal for interboard CRTs for use in quality performance projec rubber create environmental and high-density chip carrier connections. tion system: ruggedized CRT assemblies for sealing action general purpose and military avionics displays: and miniature electrostatic and Let PCK size an e/astomeric connector to meet your needs. electro magnetic CRTs available with shields. yokes. potted leads. and mating connectors. THOMAS ELECTRONICS, Wayne. NJ PCKELASTOMERICS, INC. TEL. 215-672-0787 D Image transfer system The Opti-Beam 1600 FPD exposure rna- tomatic material handling methods and chine. designed specifically for primary im- other phototool alignment systems are age transfer from a phototool onto a glass available to meet user specifications. substrate for flat panel displays. features a OPTICAL RADIATION CORP .. Azusa. CA video alignment system for fine position (818/969-3344) BOOTH: #55 control, automatic exposure controller. For Information circle Reader Service # 75 highly collimated UV light for soft or off- contact imaging and a large image area. Au- EIIVIROIIMEIITAL Electroluminescent monitors Model EL6648MX electroluminescent flat ~iiii~a~;d~y~~:::::,~~-t panel display with 512 x 256 resolution. has .ICT' perform in the most a viewing area of 7.68 x 3.84 in .. is 0.75 in. IMri • thick. and weighs 18 oz. High-resolution demanding environments-under the most graphics. or 80 characters by 25 lines of alphanumeric text. in bright yellow-orange. hostile conditions. can be easily viewed under low ambient Mil-qualified displays and display subsystems from Hartman Systems light. and even from an angle greater than can meet any environmental requirement. They can withstand the shock, 120 deg. A 60 Hz refresh prevents flick vibration and temperature extremes of battle and still deliver the high ering. No special control signals. high volt resolution graphics and alphanumerics needed to effectively integrate age. or shielding are required. Model the man with the system. EL8358M is an MS-DOS compatible Hartman displays are as advanced as they are rugged. We built the first electroluminescent monitor that offers Mil-Spec color displays, and we manufacture a complete line of color display quality of a CRT with 640 x 200 res and monochrome units for integrated processing and display, machinery olution. Only 0.55 in. thick and weighing 25 control, weapons control, threat assessment and intelligence applications. ounces. the device is suitable for portable personal computers. industrial control. or In the air, on land, and at sea. displays from Hartman are on-station around the world- and off it, too, on board the Space Shuttle. Wherever any application using MS-DOS graphics. text. the application, when your system requirements call for rugged, mil or utility software packages. qualified displays, Hartman has the answer. PLANAR SYSTEMS INC .. Beaverton. OR Hartman, the military display people. (508/690-11 00) BOOTHS: #90, #91, #92 For information, circle Reader Service # 49 Tin oxide conductive film Electro-optical tin oxide coated Electric Glass provides transparency. durability. ab rasive resistance. chemical stability. and con ductivity at given ohms/square. thermal stability up to 560C. and is unaffected by moisture. Sn02 is deposited on standard float glass of varying thickness that will meet the quality requirements for federal specifications DD-G-451 -D. Flatness and op tical quality nominally remain as good as in dustry standard float glass after coating. with the substrate virtually stress free. al lowing for ease of subsequent cutting. CHERRY DISPLAY PRODUCTS CORP.. El Write or phone lor more inlormation: Paso. TX (91Sn79-7774) BOOTHS: #58, # 59 HARTMAN SYSTEMS For information, circle Reader Service # 65 hs A FIGGIE INTERNATIONAL COMPANY Ill 360 Wolf Hill Rd., Huntington Sta .. NY 117 46 516 427-7500, TWX: 510-226-6982 May 1986 41 J Products on Display______ Color avionic display Battery-operated radiometer 10 threshold sensitivity of 1.70 x 10 ; for Model M 18-E851 color CRT, designed for Model GS-1400 ANVIS Compatibility Radi yellow. the user is signaled if radiance is avionic applications. provides a high resolu ometer measures radiance of instrument within the acceptable range of 1.70 x 1 o• tion. high brightness 5" x 5" display area and panels according to military Aviators Night to 4.00 X 1 o•. A standard fiber optic probe. is packaged in a rugged assembly designed Vision Imaging System. AN /AVS-6 specifica with a measurement spot diameter of 1.6 to meet stringent environmental require tion. The battery operated instrument can mm. measures ANVIS radiance over a wave ments of a high performance aircraft cock measure either ANVIS green or ANVIS yel length of 450 to 930 mm. pit. Display modes include raster scan. low radiance. allowing both oper ating and EG&G GAMMA SCIENTIFIC INC .. San stroke write. or hybrid. warning lights to be tested for ANVIS com Diego, CA (619/279-7034) BOOTHS: AEG-TELEFUNKEN CORP.. Somerville. NJ patibility. When measu ring for green. the #44, # 45 (201n22-9800) BOOTHS: #64. #65 user is signaled if the radiance exceeds the For information, circle Reader Service # 56 For Information, circle Reader Service # 61 DC-DC Converters & Smart ForceTM DC-AC Inverters to power: • Electrolumi nescent Lamps, • Plasma Gas Discharge, • Vacuum Fluorescent, • TFEL Displays, and More! FREE Data Packet includes: 0 • CROSS REFERENCE INDEX - matches ERG converters to various plasma and VF displays. • EL SOURCE LIST - helps source EL Lamps, LCDs, membrane switches, etc. Call today for complete product Information and pricing: Artistic Glass Products Company ,...._~ Endkott Research Group, In<:. 215·536-0333 • TELEX 211089 (AGP UR) l "W IIIIo... ~ .--- 2601 Wayne Street P.O. Box 269 Endicott, NY 13760 ...... : ~~ ® 607-754-9187 TWX 510-252-Q155 ~!AiiiiiJ Trumbauersville, PA 1897D-0051 The DC PowerHouse c 1986 ERG, I nc. ~tt~J 42 information Display For information circle Reader Service # 30 See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booth 63 Reader Service # 31 ______Products on Display Cathode Ray Tubes On display at the Litton booth are several types of CRTs: miniature 1" dia. packaged assembly. complete with shield and coil. for · use in helmet-mounted displays. armored vehicles. FLIR readout; high-resolution color recording CRTs and imagery produced by the above--4000 lines. supplemented red phosphor; multi-beam CRTs for multi thousand line. flicker-free direct view displays. and for high-speed film recording ; fiber-optic CRTs for strip chart recording, photo typesetting, and medical imagery. LITTON ELECTRON DEVICES DIV. Tempe, AZ (415/591-8411) BOOTH:#SS High voltage power supply For information circle Reader Service # 79 Series DMN high voltage power supply units 100 KHz power conversion for 0.0 1% p-p Display modules provide tightly regulated voltages up to 20 ripple and noise. and load transient peaks of Quantum Wal l Term inal plasma display KV at 10 W for direct-view monochrome 0.2% and recovery in 500 f!..S with 10-W modules can be used as stand-alone displays CRTs. The regulator. constructed on a hy switched loads; output voltages to + 20 KV, or grouped together forming a large scale brid circuit using surface-mount compo loads to 10 W; G2 voltages to + 1 KV; G1 display for such applications as data pro nents for enhanced reliability and smaller voltages to- 200 V (or cathode voltages to cessing. network/system monitors. building size. makes available room for well-filtered 200 V); input voltage of + 24 V standard. directories. passenger information displays G1 and G2 outputs. overvoltage crowbar 15 to + 100 V available. or industrial information outputs. protection. digital on-off control. and power DISPLAY COMPONENTS INC., Westford. QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, Lewistown, PA input lead filtering. all of which are available MA (617/692-6000) BOOTH : # 1 (717/242-1132) . BOOTH: # 97' together if needed. DM N converters feature For Information, circle Reader Service # 53 For Information circle Reader Service # 78 e -40°C TO 95°C STORAGE/OPERATION TEMPERATURE e LOW POWER/HIGH CONTRAST/WIDE VIEWING e DICHROIC/PHASE CHANGE TYPES e PLASTIC PROTOTYPE/GLASS PRODUCTION/DOT MATRIX e COMMERCIAL/MILITARY STANDARDS e CUSTOM MODULES _ lffr.r.~n~-· ... £"RADIATION e 2 TO 4 WEEKS DELIVERY f:_/f'~IFK.UC~ LABORATORIES, INC. 92-A North Lively Boulevard • Elk Grove VIllage, Illinois 60007 POLYTRONIX, INC. Phone: 1·312-437·5200 • TWX 910.222-0225 P. 0 . BOX 833024, RICHARDSON, TX 75083 (214) 238-7045 For information circle Reader Service # 33 Reader Service # 32 ••May 1986 43 Products on Display______ Electroluminescent displays Video signal generator ing and dot-clock .controls. The VG-804 gen Programmable video signal generator. Mod erates vertical and horizontal color bars and VU-100 display module displays video pic el VG-804, for testing and evaluating color gray scales, cross hatch and characters. All tures on a TFEL panel-an array of 76.800 and monochrome video monitors. operates timing and pattern parameters can be pro light pixels arranged as a 320 x 240 matrix. at horizontal scan rates up to 99 KHz and grammed from the front panel or the infor The system accepts composite analog video dot clock frequencies from 4.38 MHz to 50 mation can be "burned" into a PROM that and digitizes the picture portion of the signal MHz. The ASTRO DESIGN signal generator fits behind the front panel. Price: $5.700. into 320 data samples per line. The sample has both analog and TTL outputs for connec TEAM SYSTEMS INC .. Sunnyvale. CA rate is 6 MHz, and each data sample is tion to the monitor under test and is easy to (408n20-8877) BOOTH: #54 encoded as a 4-bit word to control 1q program because it offers independent tim- For Information circle Reader Service # 58 shades of brightness for each pixel in the line. This process is repeated for 240 liries to display the first "field" of the picture "frame." The second "field" is displayed on the same corresponding pixels as the analog video signal is processed (the second "field" is not physically interlaced with the first "field" as is done on CRTs.) The unit can be used to display data from computers and other sources by adjusting the stream of in coming digital data for compatibility with the VU-100 internal clock and digitizer. which processes 320 samples per line. HYCOM INC., Irvine. CA (714/261 -6224) BOOTH: #77 For Information, circle Reader Service # 71 CRT SOCKETS Thermal video system For high resolution Instrument and Information Displays The Series 300 thermal video system. de signed for applications requiring light CONNECTOR CORPORATION mize contact deformation dur weight and portability adds image pro CRT sockets feature contacts ing insertion and help to cessing functions to the operation of the with wrap-around design retain the high contact forces Hughes Probeye infra-red viewer. The new for extremely reliable oper originally designed into the series enables the user to see differences in ation. Low resistance between contact. thermal patterns in up to 16 distinct colors mating pin and receptacle is Tube neck retaining clamp fea for full evaluation and analysis of thermal achieved through high forces pro ture now available on most problems. Key features include higher reso duced inherently in the contact sockets. We also custom lution display (200 TV lines) with improved design. Tube courtesy of Clinton Electronics ize to your specifications. color output; and remote control operation Tapered lead-ins of the insula (a detachable wireless keyboard enables Call or write for our new Cata tor and the contact entry analysis of thermal problems from a dis log 206 showing our full line tance). Three models cover a temperature .,u,., e.,e of tube b,e pin ~c·A of CRT sockets. insertion. T he tapers mini- range from - 20C to + 1500C. with a tem perature resolution as fine as 0.1C. Price: $29.950. Innovators of Quality • American made Connectors HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO., Carlsbad, CA (213/414-6307) BOOTH: #52 CONNECTOR CORPORATION For Information circle Reader Service # 76 6025 N. Keystone Ave. • Chicago, IL 60646-5290 • 3121539-3108 • TWX 910-221-6059 44 Information Display For Information circle Reader Service # 34 ______, Products on Display display modules have a resolution from Night vision testing 0.005 in. for small displays to 1.0 in. for ANVIS (Aviators Night Vision Imaging Sys- large outdoor displays. Modules feature: ex- tern) compatibility measurement capabilities tremely bright characters with luminance of have been added to the PR-1500 Spot- 5000 cd/m2 (1460 tl), operating tempera- Meter. producing an instrument capable of tures from - 20C to + 50C. direct drive testing radiometric. photometric and (opti- · from MOC ICs. low voltage operation. low cally) colorimetric compatibility of panel power consumption. and direct connection displays and other light sources in aircraft. VFD module to system data bus. BOOTH: #68 helicopters. ground vehicles and other mili- JEC co .. Santa Ana. CA (714/543-6295) tary equipment. A wide range of optical ac- Bright blue-green vacuum fluorescent For informotlon circle Reader Service # 87 cessories provide up to a seven-degree 1---.===::;::::;;::;======-====~=--=.... ------1 collection angle (three degrees with stan dard objective lens) and down to 0.003-in. spot size. An adjustable detection threshold gener ates an audible signal when a specific reading exceeds a user-selected maximum value of AR units. Thus. the device can be used in GO/ NO-GO testing for rapid on-line inspection of devices. The instrument can also be used for conventional luminance measurements (in footlamberts). Sperry's Defense Systems Division in Al PHOTO RESEARCH. Burbank, CA (818/ buquerque. N.M.. is involved in the develop 843-6100) BOOTHS: #21. #22 ment of display systems for aircraft such as For Information circle Reader Service # 73 the F- 15 and F-16 fighters. and CRT display development for use in digital maps. we·re looking for engineers to work in the follow ing areas: CRT Display Development Electronic Design Section Heads You'll need a BSEE degree and two or more year's experience in analog or digital CRT Displays design. Some experience with monochrome and/or color CRT systems including display Optical disk system To qualify for these openings you'll need a BSEE or MSEE degree and eight or more processor or a closely related field is also pre A writable optical disk system provides in year·s experience in CRT display systems in ferred. Customer interface and proposal ex formation storage and rapid random acces- either hardware or software development. perience is also desired. Your experience will . sibilit:y. A single writable disk drive with You must also have experience in planning, be used in the development of high speed di gital processing. analog-to-digital conver controller and autochanger holds up to 50 scheduling and directing a staff of eight to 12 ters. and raster/stroke CRT circuitry design. disks. The disk measures approximately engineers in the development of CRT display systems. Your duties w ill be proportioned 75 12-inches in diameter and can hold up to 3.2 percent technical and 25 percent administra Join us . .. Gigabytes (3,200 Megabytes) in a constant tive. Appropriate skills involving proposal With Sperry, you 'II enjoy a competitive sal angu lar velocity format. A disk controller writing and customer interface are neces ary and generous benefits. Find out more. functions as an error correction monitor. a sary. Your expertise will be used in the de Send your resume and salary history, in confi data encoder/decoder and a logic addressor. velopment of flat-planel displays and CRT dence. to Brandon Harwood, Sperry, P.O. A parallel or SCSI interface are available with systems for our digital map product line. Box 9200, Albuquerque. NM 871 19 the controller. which handles up to eight drives. Price: $6.730 (Controller); $9,614 (disk drive) SONY CORP.. Park Ridge. NJ (201/ 930-6432) BOOTH: #79 . For information. circle Reader Service # 51 Equal Employment Opportunity/ Affirmative Action Employer U.S. citizenship is required Products on Display______ Head-up displays Silicone-carbon compound High-luminance 2 1;2-in. cathode-ray tubes Low resistivity. SC-CONSIL compound offers are designed to deliver the brightness and a 2.0 ohm-Cm resistivity for molded parts resolution required in a head-up display and 6 ohm-Cm for extruded parts. The com (HU D) to provide a clear display of pound provides electromagnetic shielding navigational and weapon data. Designated and environmental sealing and offers volt type WX-34446. the tubes are designed spe age hand ling capabi lity for grounding, static cifically for the Northrop F-20 Tigershark discharge. and corona applications. development program. The new cathode TECKNIT, Cranford, NJ. (201 /272-5500) ray tube has a peak line brightness of For information circle Reader Service # 10 6 13.500 fL and a line resolution of 0.006 in. Light pen program at 37% peak amplitude.lts screen uses P-53 phosphors. Light Pen driver program, controller. allows WESTI NGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP.. Indus users to operate Microscoft WINDOWS pro trial and Government Tube Div .. Horse gram by touching the pen to the screen, and heads. NY (607n96-3260) BOOTH: 35. 36 then touching the desired target with the tip For Information ci rcle Reader Service # 74 of the pen. Operation is faster than a Mouse or keyboard. Controller is free with pur chase of Light Pen. Price: $199.99. Custom coatings WARP SPEED COMPUTER PRODUCTS Full line of custom powder coatings. engi shielding. decorative finishing. and a variety INC .. Los Angeles, CA (21 3/822-0647) neered finishes. and solid film lubricants for of pretreatment processes. For Information circle Reader Service # 107 applications in the military. aerospace and EM CORP .. West Lafayette. IN (317/ nuclear industries are featured. Other prod 463-2511) BOOTH : #86 OCR software ucts include: Microseal processes. evershield For Information, circle Reader Service # 62 Character Image Recognition (CIR). an Opti electrically conductive coatings for EM 1/ RFI cal Character Recognition (OCR) software, operates with Series 700 scanners to com bine image capture and manipulation with optical character recognition. Two versions are available: CIR I features a menu-driven interface and has interactive capability, where unrecognized characters are dis played in context so that an operator can en ter the appropriate letter; CIR II offers an interactive learn mode where software displays the characters for identification. A batch learn mode is also included. Both software products will automatically go through the available font files to select the appropriate font. Price: CR I $695; CR II $1.995. DATACOPY, Mountain View. CA. (4 15/ 965-7900) For Information circle Reader Service # 1oa Teleconferencing system DataBeam CT 2000. an advanced data tele conferencing system. transmits and displays paper documents and computer data on a large 4 x 4-foot projection screen. The sys tem includes a CCRT Light Valve projection display and is coupled to any standard Group 3 facsimile machine that is used as a docu ment scanner. After the first page is dis played, subsequent pages are transmitted and stored in internal memory. Operational control of the meeting is via numonic icons on the graphics tablet. Price: $49,500. DATABEAM COR P.. Lexington. KY. (606/273-3204) For Information, circle Reader Service # 1 09 46 Information Display See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booths 80 & 81 Reader Service # 341 Ruggedized Raytheon airborne CRTs are seen in the toughest places. • Seen clearly in cockpits full of sunlight -- in more than I 0,000 foot candles of ambient light. Because of Raytheon's patented RA YVUE® filter. • Seen in the AH-64, B-1 , B-52, F-4, F-1 I I, F-1 4, F-15, F-1 6, F-18, P3C and S3A aircraft. Because of Raytheon's high-performance ruggedized CRTs and techniques fo r packaging with yokes and shield. • Seen whenever vendor respon sibility and reliability are needed most -- when environmental con ditions couldn't be worse. • Raytheon CRTs are seen, too, in vital ground and shipboard dis plays and in H. U.D.s because they have proven themselves in critical applications -- around the world. For information on howtheycan meet your exacting display require ments, contact the Marketing Manager, Raytheon Company, Industrial Components Operation, 465 Centre Street, Quincy, MA 02169, (617) 479-5300. See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booths 23 & 24 Raylheon For information circle Reader Service # 37 May 1986 47 Book Review ______ Source book examines flat-panel developments lat-panel display technologists frustrating. Flat tube developments. Without doubt. we must agree (we are very highly motivated. which promised to provide TV on the being display engineers with a tube F wall. have failed repeatedly for nearly Larry Tannas tells us in his preface. to background) that flat panel displays are find a replacement for one pf the last 40 years. Substantial efforts earlier. by indeed "the wave of the fut ure." In fact. vestiges of the vacuum tube age-the Sylvania and Owens Illinois. to launch in many application areas. the future CRT. Progress has been slow and often commercial EL and plasma panels were has already arrived-it is the very suc unsuccessful. And it is still not possible cess achieved by LEOs. LCDs. VFDs and by Peter Seats to predict when the full-sized flat televi other flat devices in burgeoning non Director. Display Technology sion receiver will be available in the con television display applications that is Thomson-CSF Components Corp .. Dover. NJ sumer market. helping to lay the foundations for the final assault on the tube. Eagle-eyed Sight... Metavac 's The publication of this book. there anti-reflection coatings fore. is very timely. providing both the significantly reduce glare neophyte and the professional engineer from high ambient light on or researcher with an excellent distilla aircraft instruments, CRT tion of operat ing principles and appli screens and in other critical cation status of electronic display tech applications. In fact, no nologies. Flat-Panel Displays and CRTs matter what your viewability or shielding problem is, covers Cat hode-Ray Tubes. Flat CRTs. Metavac has a coating that Electroluminescent. Light-Emitting Di will help you meet perfor ode. Gas Discharge (Plasma Panels) . mance specifications. So Liquid Crystal. and other displays. It whatever your light control clearly explains the display system re needs, we have the right quirements. performance measu res. coating for you. Contact us for the coating that will meet and technical capabil ities of electronic your system's requirements. displays. Unifying theories are present ed to allow the direct comparison be tween flat panels and CRTs. as well as emissive and non-emissive displays. 11/M/111111 lUll Expert contributors examine the vis ual system. image quality. and each of Ill111111111. the technologies in detail: • Tannas contributed three chap IIII.IPIII ters. as well as the introduction . He covers the subjects of display systems design in general and •, flat-panel design issues in particu lar. as well as presenting a de 8•11111 tailed review of EL technology. ,.,.,,rtiRI His long experience as researcher and teacher is evident in the so l\1ED\.VAC INC. 45-68 162nd Street, Flushing, N. Y. 11358 (71 8) 445-0400 phistication of his t reatment. (Continued on p 50 . . .) 48 Information Display For Information circle Reader Service # 38 The new color display tube Assembly technology for For more information on High from AEG, the M18-E851, the very bright 5" x 5" our high resolution color is specifically designed to display includes a CRT's or on any of our resolution, meet the needs found in self-converging deflection other high technology avionics applications. system, static color purity products, contact: rugged CRT's with convergence This new rugged assembly AEG Corporation correction and an effective is quite at home in the Route 22-0rr Drive for avionics contrast enhancement relatively harsh POBox3800 filter. All of these environmental confines of Somerville, NJ 08876-1269 ... a brighter innovations result from the a high performance aircraft or call (201) 722-9800. cockpit. many years of AEG idea from leadership and experience The CRT achieves its high in tube technology for AEG! resolution via the use of a avionics. fine 0.2mm pitch shadow mask and a very rugged AEG is a world wide · in-line electron gun. source for technological innovation in areas which include not only technical tubes for avionics but information systems, electronic packaging, power semiconductors, robotics and office systems, to name a few. AEG For Information circle Reader Service # 39 See us at S. I.D. '86 - Booths 64 & 65 May 1986 49 Free Literature ____ Information ___.. for today's ______. Gas plasma display AC-neon plasma display that is com A four-page. color brochure describes patible with a wide range of applica technology_ _ -----~ gas plasma. touch-input display as tion requirements and conditions. sembly with design flexibility and a va Summary of characteristics. applica riety of man/machine interfaces for tion notes and diagrams are provided. FLAT-PANEL DISPLAYS use in industrial automation, military WORLD PRODUCTS INC .. Sonoma. CA ANDCRTs equipment. point-of-sa le systems. (707/ 996-520 1) controllers and special applications Circle R-S # 86 Edited by Lawrence E. Tannas, Jr. fields. Illustrations and specifications Top experts give you comprehen are included for the Viewpoint II. EL plastic film sive coverage of the nature of elec GENERAL DIGITAL CORP .. E. Four-page brochure, with seven addi tronic displays from the standpoints Hartford. CT (203/528-9041) tional pull-out sheets. describes elec of technology, the user, the system Circle R-S # 81 troluminescent plastic film for use in designer, and the display designer. aircraft, control panel systems. auto Thoroughly investigated are image Video delay lines motive, electronics. military and other quality, costs, durability, limitations, A four-page technical paper details bi applications. Design specif ications. and more. 486 pages, $52.50 directional. video delay Ji nes suitable properties. charts and electrical char for professional grade television acteristics are also provided. broadcasting equipment. Charts, pin DUNMORE CORP .. Newtown Indus RASTER GRAPHICS function and technical data are provid trial Commons. Newtown. PA (21 5/ ed for modules. 968-0442) HANDBOOK MATTHEY ELECTRONICS. Television Circle R-S # 88 Second Edition Equipment Associates. Inc .. South By the Conrac Corporation Salem. NY (914n63-8893) High resolution CRTs This reliable handbook covers vir Circle R-S # 82 A five-page color catalog. with four tually every type of computer page insert. provides technical data for generated or computer-processed Suppression devices line of high resolution photorecording display-including alphagraphic, A 47-page catalog presents an over and projection CRTs for industrial. vectorgraphic, and continuous-tone view of EM I/RFI suppression devices, medical and military markets. Insert imagery. It explains television and conductive elastomers. wire-oriented provides general data. phosphor display technologies, graphic design in silicone products. · knitted wire screen characteristics and charts. per p rinciples, software and interface mesh. and related materials. Specifica formance data and ratings for prqjec standards and available hardware. tions. material properties. perfor tion CRTs Series C82016. Guide also 360 pages, $39.95 mance parameters and ordering includes diagrams. distribution curves information are also provided. and safety hazards for both CRTs. EKS NORLAND INC .. El Cajon. CA RCA CORP., Lancaster. PA (800/ Mail coupon today for (619/562-5992) 233-0155) your RISK-FREE examination copies! Circle R-S # 83 Circle R·S # 99 CRT products Color filters ---VAN- NOSTRAND----- REINHOLD------Mail Order Serv----ice 7625 Empire Drive, Florence, KY 41042 A 35-page. color brochure illustrates A three-page color brochure. and a magnetic and electrostatic deflection two-page guide on separators with a YES! Please send me the book(s) checked below for 15 tubes. avionics displays. high resolu 20-page surplus filter catalog. provide days' FREE EXAMINATION. At the end of that time, I tion fiber optics and projection tubes, information on color filters and sepa will send the purchase price plus local sales tax and a and phosphor screens. providing a rators. Dichroic, additive and subtrac small shipping/handling charge, or simply return the representative listing of CRTs from tive are detailed for applications book(s) and OWE NOTHING. broad and increasing complete line. including TV cameras. film printers. _ 28250-8 Flat-Panel Displays and CATs ...... $52.50 _ 21608-4 Raster Graphics Handbook, 2/e ...... $39.95 Selection includes examples of designs studio illumination and signal lighting. which may meet requirements with Specifications and wavelength/trans 0 SAVE MONEY! Check here if enclosing payment with little or no modification. Specifications mission charts are also included. Sepa order and publisher pays shipping/handling. 15- CRTs t1al scanning systems introduces a Photosensitive glass CRT data displays A four-page selection guide describes modular family of fast scanning Six-page brochure with four-page An eight-page brochure on CRT data cathode ray tubes listing 34 models on spectra-radiometers and micropho pullout. describes technical data of displays describes both monochrome a chart with 16 categories including tometers. Models include the PR-713/ photosensitive glass-Peg3--that can and color displays. custom configura screen size. deflection angle. voltage. 702AM SpectraScan Extended Spec be used for nozzle for ink printer. cell tions. and elect rical specifications. Col yoke characteristics and applications tral Range system. PR-19808/SC sheet for plasma display. optical con or photos. technical data. performance including film scanner. helmet-mount SpectraRadiometers and PR- 1500 nector parts and other applications. and options are included. ed display. FLIR and map reader. Sum Spotmeter. Specifications. capabilities Pullout includes information on four BALL CORP .. Electronic Systems Divi mary specifications and operating and photographs of the systems are divisions of firm. indust rial filters and sion. Westminster. CO (303/939- characteristics in the guide are de provided. applications. plus chart detailing vari 5400) signed to meet specific requirements. PHOTO RESEARCH. Burbank. CA ous industry products and filter types. Circle R-S # 97 HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO .. Carlsbad. (818/843-61 00) HOYA CORP .. Tokyo. Japan (0425/ CA (619/931 -3000) Circle R-S # 93 41 -3131) Photo-Imaging Systems Circle R-S # 80 Circle R-S # 95 An eight-page brochure on advanced Oceanographic systems photo-imaging t echnology covers Thin-film coatings A four-page. color brochure provides Power supplies products to meet va rying require Four-page color brochure describes introduction to oceanographic sys A four-page brochure. with technical ments as well as design and produc sputtered thin-film coatings that stand tems and recorders designed to meet data sheets. presents information on tion services. Included are specifi up to high technology requirements. specific survey needs with flexibility high-voltage power supplies; provides cations sheets for UV photo exposure Advanced methods including reactive in performance and application. Sys specifications. options and applica systems providing contact and off sputtering. state-of-the-art facilities. tems include bathymetric system for tions. Series include ULC. MPC (Medi contact printing on a wide range of the management team and customer deep ocean or shallow coastal water um Power). CMC (Shadow Mask). products such as hybrid circuits. inte satisfaction information highlight the surveys. digital survey fathometer GPM (General Purpose Military) LCM grated circuits. printed circuit boards. guide. and a channel sweep system. Five connectors and lead assemblies and TF liquid crystal displays. sola r cells. and ANDUS COR P.. Canoga Park. CA new systems are detailed. and photo testers. ceramic substrates. (818/882-5744) graphs and charts of instruments are PTK COR P.. Los Osos. CA (805/ OPTICAL RADIATION CORP .. Azusa. Circle R-S # 92 included. 528-5858) CA (818/969-3344) RAYTHEON OCEAN SYSTEMS CO .. Circle R-S # 96 Circle Reader Service # 100 Scanning systems Lexington. MA (617/862-6600) An 8-page catalog on spectral and spa- Circle R-S # 94 MAKE CRT MEASUREMENTS FAST COLOR & MONOCHROME 100 w c :::l 1- ...J ::.0.. 50% ~ 1-z w 0 ffi r---~------~~--- 0.. CCO ELEMENTS 0.0002" PER STEP Bring the user into this generation Typical spot profil e: Number of pixels above the 50% point is the spot size width. with good human factors design. With SPOTCHEK 5000 System • make rapid line width (spot size) measurements The Essex Usability laboratory puts people into the on monochrome or color CRTs. design of the system. The experts in our lab are • measure and adjust CRT system pa rameters in real time: convergence, focus, pincushion, helping some of the world's leading manufacturers raster line spacing, depth of mod ulat ion (MTF) . test, evaluate, and develop office automation and • interface with any PC via RS-232c. communications systems that incorporate human • make measurements with instant read ings. factors principles into the design of • perform ergonometric measurements. • plot intensity profile data with IBM compatibles. color displays workstations keyboards • map spot contours. manuals and instructions • and other systems components MICROVISION ( E SSEX) CORPORATION 4855 Atherton Avenue, # 201 For information, call or write Denise C. R. Banal. Manager San Jose, CA 95130 Essex Usability Labo ratory (408) 3 74-3158 Telex 182652 333 North Fairfax Straat, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 (703) 548-4500 See us at S. I.D. '86 - Booth S 54 Information Display For information circle Reader Service # 44 Far information circle Reader Service # 43 ______President's Message SOCIETY OFFICERS President: I.F. Chang Vice President: J.A. van Raalte Treasurer: L.E. Tannas. Jr. Secretary: W.F. Goede PRESIDENT'S ADVISORY COUNCIL s we prepare to celebrate the 25th an T.V. Cu rran. A. Kmetz. J. Simonds, niversary of the founding of SID W. Good. B. Lechner. H.G. Slottow. (1962), it is with great pride and a P. Pleshko A modest sense of accomplishment that I step aside as your Society's president at SID '86 and turn DIRECTORS the gavel over to your incoming president John Minneapolis/St .Paul: R. Jamieson van Raalte. I wish him the very best with smooth Midwest: J. Markin sailing at the helm for the next two years: and I Delaware Valley: S. Filarsky urge each and every member of SID to accord New England: T. Cheek John the same enthusiastic support you have shown me during the past two Mid-Atlantic: P. Pleshko years. Bay Area: H. Sherman Los Angeles: R.C. Knepper To effect a smooth transition from one administration to another, let me San Diego: R.E. Thoman briefly review our progress over the past 24 months and restate the objectives Japan: M. Ashikawa and goals the Executive Committee set for your Society back in June 1984. Past President: G. F. Carroll At that Sl D '84 meeting in San Francisco. a primary goal of the Society was to increase its membership by 5% per year to match the display industry growth. COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN Both have exceeded expectations and early projections: SID membership has Academic: L. Todd, L. Weber climbed from about 2,000 to over 2.400. at last count: and the display industry Archives/Historian: R.C. Knepper has exploded. as recently published market statistics on the U.S. flat panel mar Bylaws: A. Silzars ket indicate. for example. from $30 million in 1984 to $11 3 million in 1986. Chapter Formation: A. Lakatos. C.J. Gerritsma The market for such devices is expected to soar beyond $1 billion by 1992. What Definitions & Standards: Fred Oess will SID's membership be then? Group Formation: A. Penz. E. Lean Another goal was to improve the Society Journal and expand its readership to Honors & Awards: T.C. Maloney individuals outside the ranks of SID. but within the display community, as well as lntersociety: H.L. Funk to increase advertising support. Accordingly. Information Display was Memberships: D. Baldauf Nominations: G.F. Carroll redesigned (winning recognition from the American Society of Association Exec Proceedings: S. Sherr. C. Land. J.E. Bigelow utives for "its excellence as a Society Journal."): circulation was increased to Publications: L. Maldoon. L. Gerding 10.000 (from 2.000): editorial pages were expanded to 318 (from 14 1): num Publicity: D. Pinsky ber of advertisers grew to 72 (from 44): and advertising revenue to $189.000 Symposium Advisory Committee: (from $54.000). J.A. van Raalte. T. Credelle. R. Durbeck Two new committees were formed: one to foster creation of new active chap ters: the other to develop specific technical groups within SID (for such ancillary CHAPTER CHAIRMEN tech nologies as printing. memory/storage. and input devices) . Bay Area: G. Ca rroll On June 5. 1985, the UK & Ireland Chapter held its inaugural meeting. at Delaware Valley: J. Parker which its officers were formally inducted; and on April 23. 1986. the Canada Japan: S. Kobayashi Chapter inaugural meeting and induction of officers took place. We congratulate Los Angeles: P. Baron the hardworking committee members and others responsible for bringing Mid-At lantic: J. Stapleton about these two enthusiastically welcomed additions to our Society. A second Midwest: J. Markin Minneapolis/St.Paul: V. Born Japan Chapter is in early discussion stages. New England: M. Silverstein Two sub-committees examined group interest in technologies outside of pure San Diego: J. Lipscomb display systems-specifically, hard-copy printing and disk memory/storage. As a UK & Ireland: M. Green result. active participation at both SID and IDRC has increased on the part of printing technolgy specialists-including four technical sessions presented at OFFICE ADMINISTRATION SID '85: three. plus a seminar. at SID '86. National Office Mgr: Bettye Burdett The sub-committee on disk memory/storage technologies. however. found interest currently centered on another industry conference dedicated specificai- (Continued on page . .. 57) SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION DISPLAY 8055 West Manchester Avenue-Suite 615 Playa Del Rey, CA 90293 - 213/305-1502 May 1986 55 Chapter Notes~~~~~~~~~~~~- UK & Ireland: April 17. 1986 The light that stimulates the retina can be measured. but the re Program: Technical Meeting sponse to the stimulus is sometimes elusive. This presentation dis Topic: The Role of Venture capital in the Display Industry cussed and illustrated the fundamentals of human color perception, Speaker: Dr. John Walker. as well as presenting the chromaticity diagram and metameric color Charterhouse Japhet Venture Fund relationships. Demonstrations included additive and subtractive col or mixing, negative after-image. static and dynamic adaptation. and Los Angeles: March 26, 1986 so forth, along with some of Aydin's latest developments in Program: Annual Joint Meeting with Human Factors Society colorgraphics equipment and systems. Topic: Application of Color to Displays in Various System Environments Mid-At lantic: February 11 , 1986 Speakers: Gerald Stone. Sr. Staff Program: Technical Meeting Engineer. Hughes; Phil Joujon-Roche Topic: Electron Optics for Avionic CRTs Sr. Scientist, Hughes; Kirk Moffitt. Speaker: Jacques Chevalier Sr. Scientist, Anacapa Science Thomson-CSF Products Dover. NJ Stone discussed potential uses of color in sonar displays; Joujon Roche examined the benefits of color to air traffic control and com Mid-Atlantic: January 8. 1986 mand and control systems; Moffitt reported on "Color Display Program: Technical Meeting Performance Under High Ambient Illumination ·:_the results of on Topic: High Contrast Display ( > 4 Mpels) going Army Avionics Laboratory-funded perceptual studies on color Speaker: Nate caswell. IBM coding for use in aviation displays. Watson Lab. Yorktown, NY Delaware Valley: March 13. 1986 Program: Technical Meeting Topic: The Psychophysics of Color Speaker: Charles P. Halsted. SID Fellow. Aydin Corp., Computer Systems Div. LORAL ___ JAPAN DISPLAY 86 Still Growing In Atlanta Lora! Information Display Systems, a Division of Lora! Cor 6th International poration (NYSE) designer of digital electronic information Display Research Conference systems & graphic displays for military applications, continues to grow and has immediate openings for: Date: Sept 30 - Oct 2, 1986 SENIOR MARKETING MANAGER-Requires BSEE (MBA desirable) with minimum 7-10 years experience in technical Venue:Tokyo, Japan marketing of military electronic or avionic systems to Air Force and Navy. Prefer specific background in airborne and ground Other Related Events display systems. Responsibilities include generating new business opportunities with prime DOD contractors and Air in Japan Trade Exhibitions Force and Navy customers. Will assist in defining systems requirements and play a major role in the proposal effort. The successful candidate must be a self-starter with good com Japan Electronics Show, Oct 2-7 munication skills and presentation style. Japan Optoelectronics Exhibition, Oct 6-9 MARKETING MANAGER-Requires BSEE with minimum 5 Japan Software Show, Oct 1-3 years experience in technical marketing of electronic or avionic Japan Audio Fair, Oct 2-7 systems to the military. Responsibilities include generating new business opportunities, assisting in defining the systems requirement & carrying proposal through to completion. High Tech Conferences Lora! Information Display Systems offers a ground floor op· portunity in a progressive electronics company. Our location lnt'l Optical Fiber Sensor Conference, Oct 7-9 is suburban Atlanta in our own office park. We offer top in dustry pay and benefits. If interested, please send resume to: lnt'l Semiconductor Laser Conference, Oct 14-1 7 Lorallnformation Display Systems Dept. M172 For information, please write or call : 6765 Peachtree Industrial Blvd. Atlanta, GA 30360 Commerce Tours lnt'l Inc. ATTN: Robert C. Hall. An Equal Opportunity Employer M/F/HIV. 870 Market Street, Suite 708 U.S. Citizenship Required. San Francisco, CA 94102 (41 5} 433-3072 LDAAL INFORMATION DISPLAY SYSTEMS A. DIVISION OF LDAALCORPOAATION 56 Information Display For Information circle Reader Service # 45 (. .. continued from p.55) ly to that technology-and thus no immediate action in this area is scheduled. There exists. however. great incentive for exploring other group interests and encouraging their partici pation in future SID conferences. The two principle technical and social events of your FLIGHT SIMULATOR Society- Annual Symposium, and Research Conference have each year exceeded the preceding in terms of number SYSTEM ENGINEERS and quality of papers presented. as well as number of partici If you are an engineer with a broad base of experience in flig ht pants (technical session attendees and exhibiting vendors). test and visual systems, you can join us in the advancement And, there's no end in sight, as word spreads within the dis of flight simulation technologies. Excellent opportunities are play community and beyond. available in Southern California at Hughes Ai rcraft Company. And, finally, the Sustaining Membership roster passed the SYSTEM ENGINEERS 100 mark earlier this year. Translate the operation of airc raft, avionic, electro-optical, There is still room for growth and improvement in the So ECM/radar, and radar warning receiver systems into design ciety, its Journal, Information Display, its Symposium and its concepts for flight simulator applications and weapons tactics training. Knowledge of avionic computer applications and Research Conference. John has his work cut out for him and some computer programming, plus military flight experience he will be turning to you to help make it happen during the in the operation and testing of the aforementioned systems. coming months. In closing. I want thank the officers of the Society and all If your background includes an appropriate engineering to degree plus experience in the above related field, please call the people who have provided me direct assistance, as well as A. Kussner or J.H. Fahy collect, M-F, 8-5 (PDT) at (213) those who have worked in the planning and organizing of our 648-0586/2983. several activities. That we have such successful and smoothly run programs is due to the abilities of the various committee VISUAL SIMULATION SYSTEM ENGINEERS members and the many volunteer workers that give of their Utilize your system level design experience incorporating wide angle projection display devices and computer graphics. time and energy. Knowledge of one or more of the following areas: optical And. especially thank you, Bettye, for keeping the day-to system engineering, real-time computer graphics, video/ day operation of SID on a level keel. display system engineering, display system psychophysics, Good luck John, to you and your staff of new officers and high performance servos desired. Also experience with dome committee chairmen. visual simulations and/or infinity optics visual systems. TEST ENGINEERS Install, integrate test and troubleshoot visual systems as well as perform basic design, layout, evaluation, prototyping, inte gration and testing. Experience with control systems and digital and analog circuits desired. DESIGN ENGINEERS Perform engineering design and development in analog and digital systems with emphasis on control and visual systems. This will involve the analysis, evaluation, prototyping, integra tion and testing for F/A-18 WTT simulator. Our preferred candi dates will have a BS in EE and at least 5 years experience in analog and digital design. Background should include knowledge of control and visual systems and simulation experience. CHAPTER MEETINGS PLANNER We offer a competitive salary and an outstanding benefits MAY ZO: Mid-Atlantic Chapter JUNE 10: UK & Ireland Chapter package. Please call collect to (213) 513-5238 or send your Place: Roosevelt Hotel. Place: GEC Research. Wemboey resume to Lowell Anderson , Hughes Aircraft Company, New York City Program: Highlights from Dept.DI-5, P .0. Box 9399, Bldg. A 1/1 B404, Long Beach, CA Program: SI0'86 Panel Critique 510'86 International 90510-0463. Proof of U.S. Citizenship Required. Equal Contact: TJ. Nelson. Secretary Symposium Opportunity Employer. (2011582-3760) San Diego. CA Contact: Simon Bliss JUNE 1 & Z: Mid-Atlantic Phosphor Products Chapter 1 Factory Road. Upton. Place: Atlantic City. NJ Poole. Dorset UK Program: Annual Banquet (0202-632116) FAA tour/talk HUGHES Contact: T.J. Nelson. Secretary ' AIRCRAFT COMPAN Y (2011582-3760) (This quick-glance calendar is intended to help SIDers plan their business trips SUPPORT SYSTEMS around local Chapter meetings-but to make it work will require your input of advance notice for upcoming meetings.) May 198657 Sustaining Members Ad-Vance Magnetics Inc. Corning Glass Works Hazeltine Corp. Norden Division RCA Laboratories 625 Monroe St. Electronic Materials Dept. Cuba Hill Rd. United Technologies Corp. David Sarnoff Research Center Rochester. IN 46975 MPZ1-3 Greenlawn. NY 11740 100 Helen St. Pnnceton. NJ 08540 219/223-3158 Corning. NY 14830 5161261-7000 Norwalk. CT 06856 609n34-ZOOO 607/974-7451 2031852-4905 AEG -Telefunken Corp. Hewlett-Packard Co. SAl Technology Co. Rt.22-0rr Dr. C.W. Cameron Ltd. Optoelectronics Div. OKI Electric Industry Co .• Ltd. 4060 Sorrento Valley Blvd. Somerville. NJ 08876 Burnfield Rd. 370 W Trimble Rd. 550-5 Higashiasakawa-cho SanD1ego. CA 921 2 1 Z01n22-9800 Giffnock San Jose. CA 95131 Hachioji-shi 619/452-9150 Glasgow. Scotland 4081263-7500 (x6450) Toyko. 193. Japan Amuneal Mfg. Corp. UKG46-7TH 0426/63-1111 Sanders Associates Inc. 4737 Darrah St. Hoya Optics Inc. MER15-IZZZ Philadelphia. PA 19124 Dale Electronics 3400 Edison Way Optical Coating Lab. Inc. c.s. 2035 2 151535-3000 P.O. Box 609 Fremont. CA 94538-6138 2789 North Point Pkwy. Nashua. NH 03061 Columbus. NE 68601 415/490-1880 Santa Rosa. CA 95407-7397 603/885-3522 Applied Films Lab Inc. 4021564-3131 707/545-6440 6797 Winchester Circle Hughes Aircraft Co. Sigmatron Nova Inc. Boulder. CO 80301 Data Images P.O. Box I 042 Optical Radiation Corp. 1901 Oak Terrace Lane 3031530-I 4 I 1 I 283 Algoma Road EISegundo. CA 90245 1300 Optical Dr. Thousand Oaks. CA 91320 Ottawa. Ontario 818/391-071 1 Azusa. CA 91702 805/498-4504 Asea AB. Dept. YLKHM Canada. K I B3W7 818/969-3344 S-72183 Hycom Inc. Singer-Librascope Vasteras. Sweden Display Components Inc. 16841 Armstrong Ave. Orwin Associates Inc. Aerospace & Marine Systems Grp. 021/10-0000 334 Littleton Rd. Irvine. CA 92714 88 Seabro Ave. 833 Sonora Ave. Westford. MA 01886 714/261-6224 Amityville. NY I 170 I Glendale. CA 91201 Audiotronlcs Corp. 617/692-6000 516/842-7177 818/245-8711 7428 Bellaire Ave. IBM Corp. P.O. Box 3997 Eagle Magnetic Co. Inc. Armonk. NY 10504 Ovonic Display System Inc. Sony Corp. No.Hollywood. CA 91609 P.O. Box 24283 914n65- 1900 1896 Barrett St. 7-35 Kitashinagawa 6-chome 818n65-2645 Indianapolis. IN 46224 Troy. Ml 48084 Shmagawa-kuTokyo. 141 Japan lmapro. Inc. 317/297-1030 3131280- 1900 03/493-3406 Babcock Display Products West Royalty Industrial Park 1051 S. East St. EG&G Gamma Scientific Charlottetown. Prince Edward Is. Panelvision Corp. Stanford Resources Inc. Anaheim. CA 92805 3777 Ruffin Rd. Canada Cl E 180 265 Kappa Or. P.O. Box 20324 714/491 -5110 San Diego. CA 92 123 9021892-8594 Pittsburgh. PA 15238 San Jose. CA 95160 619/279-8034 41 21963-9635 408/448-4440 Ball Electronic Systems Div. Industrial Electronic P.O. Box 589 Electro-Plasm a Inc. Engineers Inc. Philips Electronics Ltd. Syntronic Instruments Inc. Broomfield. CO 80020 4400 Martin-Moline Rd. 7740 Lemona Ave. 601 Milner Ave. I 00 Industrial Rd. 3031469-5511 Millbury. OH 43447 Van Nuys. CA 91405 Scarborough. Ontario. Add ison. IL 60101 419/255-5197 818n87-0311 canada M1B IM8 31 21543-6444 BDH Chemicals Ltd. 4161292-5161 Ext.Z567 Broom Rd .• Poole EM Industries lnfodex Inc. Tecknit Dorset BH 12 4NN. UK Advanced Chern. Oiv. 395 W. Main St. Phosphor Prod. Co. Ltd. I 29 Dermody St. 0202-745520 5 Skyline Dr. Waterbury. CT 06702 # 1 Factory Rd. Cranford. NJ 07016 Hawthorne. NY 10532 203n57-9291 Upton. Poole 201/272-5500 Bendix Corp. 9 141592-4660 Dorset BH 16 5SJ UK Flight Systems Div. Interstate Electronics Corp. 0202-632116 Tekt ronix Inc. Teterboro. NJ 07608 Endicott Research Grp. Inc. Display Product Operations Information Display Products 20 I /288-2000 2601 Wayne St. IDOl E. Ball Rd. Photo Research Div. P.O. Box 500 Endicott. NY 13760 Anaheim. CA 92803 Kollmorgen Corp. Beaverton. OR 97007 Bldco Inc. 607n54-9187 "/14/b3S-7210 3000 N. Hollywoo<.l Wdy !::>031644'0161 8 Commercial St. Burbank. CA 91505 Hicksville. NY 11801 Futaba Corp. ISE Electronics Corp. 8181843-61 00 Texas Instruments Inc. 516/433-0740 629 Oshiba P.O. Box 46 P.O. Box 225936. MS105 Mobara. Chiba 297 Japan lse. Mie. Japan Photonics Technology Dallas. TX 75265 Canon. Inc. 0475-24-1111 0596/39-1 1 I I 6967 Wales Rd. 214/238-4533 7-1, Nishi-Shinjuku 2 Northwood. OH 43619 Shinjuku-ku. Tokyo 160 Garrett Mfg. Ltd. K & R Engrg. Sales Corp. 4 19/666-0033 Thomas Electronics Inc. Japan 255 Attwell Dr. 354 Route 206 I 00 Riverview Dr. 7141556-1036 (california) Rexdale. Ontario Flanders. NJ. 07836 Planar Systems Inc. Wayne. NJ 07470 Canada M9W 588 2011584-5235 1400 NW Compton Drive 201 /696-5200 Cardlon Electronics 416/675-1411 Beaverton. OR 97006 Oiv. of General Signa !Corp. Litton Systems Canada Ltd. 5031625-2006 Thomson-CSF Components Long Island Expressway GEC Avionics 25 Cityview Dr. Dumont Div. Woodbury. NY 11797 (Affil. General Electric Co. Rexdale. Ontario. Canada M9W SA 7 Plessey Displays 550 Mount Pleasant Ave. 516/921-7300 p.l.c. of England) Station Rd. Dover. NJ 07801 LXD Inc. 4500 N. Shallowford Rd. Addlestone. Weybridge 20 I /328- 1400 CESCA Atlanta. GA 30338 24500 Highpoint Rd. Surrey KT15 ZPW, UK Sistemas Electronics S.A. 404/394-7800 Cleveland. OH 44122 0932-47282 Thorn-Emi Brimar Ltd. APD036. 189 2161292-3300 Greenside Way Middleton. Madrid. Spain General t\tronics Corp. Plessey Optoelectronics Manchester MZ4 1SN UK Magnavox Govt. & 91/675-4300 Sub. of Magnavox Govt. & Ind. and Microwave Ltd. 061/681-7072 Ind. Elec. Co. Electronics Co. Wood Burcote Way CELCO 13 13 Production Rd. UCE Liquid Crystal Displays 1ZOO E. Mermaid Lane Towcester. Northhants. (Const antine Engrg. Labs Co.) Philadelphia. PA 19 118 Fort Wayne. IN 46808 England NN127JN 24 Fitch St. 70 Constantine Or. 219/429-5263 215/233-4100 0327-51871 Norwalk. CT 06855 Mahwah. tJJ 07430 203/838-7509 Magnetic Radiation Inc. 201/327-1123 General Electric Co. PTK 92 N. Lively Blvd. Venus Scient ific Inc. Aircraft Instrument Dept. Div. Em erson Electric Co. Cherry Electrical Prod. Corp. Elk Grove Village. IL 60007 50 Fordham Rd. 1173 Los Olivos Ave. 399 Smith St. 3600 Sunset Ave. 3121437-5200 Farmingdale. NY 17735 Wilmington. MA 01887 P.O. Box 6128 Waukegan. IL 60085 Los Osos. CA 93402 5161293-4 100 31 21662-9200 George D. Harris Assoc. Inc. Micro-Curl The Plaza Building Display Technology Inc. 8051528-5858 VIsual Information Institute Inc. Clifton Precision/ 61 Wilton Rd. Fairlawn. NJ 07410 Quantum Data Inc. P.O. Box 33 Special Devices Westport. CT 06880 719 Lower Bellbrook Rd. zo1n96-5ZOO 455 E. Kehoe. Suite 104 51 00 State Rd. 2031226-0222 Xenia. OH 45385 carol Stream. IL 60188 Drexel Hill. PA 19026 GML Information Services 513/376-4361 3121668-3301 2151622-1718 594 Marrett Rd. Mitsubishi Electronics America. Inc. Westinghouse Electric Corp. Lexington. MA 02173 Racal Microelectronic Clinton Electronics Corp. 991 Knox St. Industrial Government Tube Div. 617/861-0515 Systems & 6701 Clinton Rd. Torrance. CA 90502 Westmghouse Circle. Worton Grange Ind. Estate Loves Park.IL 61111 Grid Systems Corp. 2131515-3993 Horseheads. NY 14845 Reading RGZ OSB. UK 8151633-1444 2535 Garcia Ave. 607n96-3350 0734-864611 Mt.View. CA 94043 NEC Electronics Inc. Conrac Corp. 401 Ellis St.. PO BOX 7241 Zenith Electronics Corp. 4151961-4800 Rank Electronic Tubes Lt d. 3 Landmark Sq. Mountain View. CA 94039 1000 Milwaukee Ave. Sidcup-By-Pass Stamford. CT 06901 GTE 4151960-6041 Sidcup Kent DA 14 6LZ. UK Glenview. II 60025 2031348-2 100 100 Endicott St. 312139 1-7657 01/302-0271 Danvers. MA 01923 Nederlandse Control Interface Co. Ltd. Philips Bedrijven B.V. 617n77-1900 Raytheon Co. Optoelectronics Oiv. PO Box 218 Ind. Components Operation 2 1 Rt. 10 Hartman Systems 5600MD Eindhoven 465 Center St. East Hanover. NJ 07936 A Figgie International Co. The Netherlands Quincy. MA 02169 2011887-3222 360 Wolf Hill Rd. 3 1-40-791111 HuntingtonStation. NY 11746 6 17/899-8400 58 Information Display 5 16/427-7500 •utton Systems-Two Sustaining Memberships PHITIIIICS TECHIIILIGY, IIIC. PIONEERS AND LEADERS IN THE Design, Development, and Production of AC Gas Discharge Displays PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY PRESENTS THE WORLD'S FIRST METER-SIZE, HIGH RESOLUTION FLAT DISPLAY TERMINAL DEVELOPED FOR MILITARY PROGRAMS INCLUDING U.S.ARMY AFATDS This is the world's first large area, high resolution, non-projected, flat display terminal. Utilizing AC gas discharge plasma display technology, the terminal has an active display matrix of 1600 by 1200 pixels measuring over 39 inches (one meter) diagonally with 5.3 square feet of viewing area and a resolution of 2500 pixels per square inch. All drive electronics are mounted in a 4 inch thick picture frame package around the perimeter of the transparent, thin {0.5 inch) display screen allowing for rear-projected and see through applications. Jointly developed by Photonics Technology, Inc., Luckey, Ohio and Magnavox Electronic Systems Co., Ft. Wayne, Indiana. Photonics and Magnavox are presently completing the development of AC gas discharge flat panel displays ranging in size up to 3 meters with active display matrices up to 4096 by 4096 pixels. Multicolor displays are also being developed. Photonics is the world's leading developer and manufacturer of sophisticated, high technology AC gas discharge displays. We are able to design and manufacture flat display panels, monitors, and/or terminals in a variety of sizes at relatively low costs. Our flat displays range in size from a few centimeters up to one meter. Some of our standard and custom displays include the following: Panel Size, Resolution, Pixe ls Pixels Per Linear Inch 128 X 256 40,60 128x512 60 256 X 256 60 256 X 512 64 512 X 512 60, 64, 73, 83 512x1024 60 1024 X 1024 60, 73, 83 1200 X 1600 50.8, 101 Our standard display resolution ranges from 30 to 100 pixels per linear inch (900 to 10,000 pixels per square inch). Display resolutions up to 200 pixels per linear inch are available. For Further Information, Contact: Donald K. Wedding Sr., VP Marketing Photonics Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 432, Luckey, Ohio 43443, 419-666-0033. Research, Development, and Manufacturing facilities located at 6967 Wales Road, Northwood, Ohio 43619. May 1986 59 For Information circle Reader Service # 46 See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booths 8.& 9 Advertisers Index ______Introducing Litton's tube. vehicle using forward-looking infrared f' systems. Now let's see. What could you use And it's a high performer. Spot size a miniature CRT for? is 0.0008 inch. Brightness is 100 foot How about a helmet-mounted display. lamberts with standard 525 line TV A compact film recorder. raster at 30 Hz filling the useful screen. A hybrid typesetter. You can buy it as a stand-alone item Or a compact display inside a or with a small coil and magnetic shield. crowded tank. To get the small picture, contact Litton's L-4272 cathode ray tube is Litton Electron Devices Division, the newest sub-miniature on the market. 1215 S. 52nd Street, Tempe, AZ And one of the best. 85283. Phone (602) 968-4471. It's made by the leader of high TWX: 910-950-0149. resolution, high precision CRT's. Litton's reliable CRT products have been used in everything from advanced reconnais sance systems to sophisticated photo composition machines. The L-4272 is ruggedized, so it'll survive inside a tank, an aircraft or any [E Litton Electron Devices ,.,_' . ~~~ - ~ - .... ~,-~. < - ·~ - ' AMPLIFIERS FEATURES SPECIFICATIONS ';MODEL NO. OUTPUT RANGE . •DA-PP1 2 amps, 20 volts DA-PP2N-7 4 amps, 20 volts· Powerful: To 20 amps, 60 volts DA-PP4N-7 8 a mps, 20 volts · Fast! To 6 ~s scan & retrace DA-0420 4 amps, 20 volts RDA-1220-886 ILab Swmdurdl 12 amps, 20 volts Wide Bandwidth: de coupled up to 4MHz RD A-12 20-S86C I Water Caalcdi 12 amps, 20 volts ·Stable: To 10 ~A;o c drift •DA-PP2N-5 4 amps, 35 volts Accurate: To 0.001 °/o linearity : DA-PP4N-5 8 amps, 35 volts DA-PP8N-5 16 amps, 35 volts RDA-1635 16 a mps, 35 volts. APPLICATIONS: •RDA-1255 12 amps, 55 volts CRT Projection Displays Film Recording Systems •RDA-0660 6 amps, 60 volts ATC Radar Displays Flying Spot Scanners RDA-0960 9 amps, 60 volts· CRT Flight Simulators . E-Beam Welding RDA-1260 ILabSlundardl 12 amps, 60 volts CRT Test & Measurement E-Beam Lithography RDA-1660 ILabSland:ordl 16 a mps, 60 volts Electronic P hoto-Typesetting RDA-2060 20 amps, 60 volts For complete details circle reader service number or call CELC07t~day with your CRT display requirements. 1150 E . Eighth Street Upland, CA 91786 70 Constantine Drive Mahwah, NJ 07430 TEL: 714-985-9868 TWX: 910-581-3401 TEL: 201-327-1123 TWX: 710-988-1018 ' I ' For Information circle Reader Service # 48 See us at S.I.D. '86 - Booth 67 CONSTANTINE ENGINEERING LABORATORIES COMPANY -