A New Introduction to the Latin Language

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TOB ITANPZTITÞF'ZAPZHL

LATINSYNTAX

AND R-END'ER FAMILIAR To me MlND

THE GRAMMATICAL . CONSTRUCTION

o' Till' USEFUL LANGUAGE -:

con-(TAINtNG ' _ CRITJCAL and EXPLANATORY NOTES on all the Rvuzs of GOVERNMENT and AGREEMENT.

BY CALEB ALEXANDER, A. M. 1 Author of "A GRAMMATICAL SYSTIM on 'nu LNGLIHH LAN GUAcz,*'-"anMMA1-chx. iLnuN-rs,"-" A GRAM'MATICAL murmur: or 'run LAnN LANGUACE," and "AN lm'xonuc 'non 1'0 'run 'PIAKXNG AND wmrmc o' 'run xNGusn um ouzmn," .

Publiſhed according to Rd nf (auguſt

WORCESTER, (llASSACllUSI-ZTTS) PRINTED BY ISAIAH THOMAS, juno 'on lSAIAH THOMAS: Sonn AT 'ran Woncznu BOOKSTOR', AND nY'THz BomzseL-z um: ly' BOSTON. ______-_.-. ._ __ _.- "1795**"*_ _-_.

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TO underﬅand all the beauties of' any language, the knowledge of Grammar is ve ry neceſſary. A perſon, it is true, may converſe in his own language, read'the writings of others, and comprehend their ſentiments, without being verſe-3 in the principles of grammar; If, however, he be' * deﬅitute of this knowledge, he will, in his converſation and writing, be guilty oſ uſing many barbarous ex' preﬂions, and his words will be often ſo joined to gether as to caﬅ a great, if not total obſcurity over his ideas'. ln reading the writings ofothers, he will alſo be expoſed, in many inﬅances, to miﬅake their meaning and conſequently run himſelf into conſu ﬁon. Suppoſing, however, that by the mere force of habit, or genius, he may riſe ſuperior to all theſe' inconveniencies, yet, iſ deﬅitute oſ grammatical' knowledge, many beauriee even of his own nativev tongue will certainly lie beyond his comprehenſion. In the ſentences of any language, there is 'a mutua? dependence and connexiombetween the words. ' ' One iv PRſiEFACE.

One word is ſo dependenton another and neceſſarily connected with it, that if theſe'are deﬅroyed, or not underﬅood, the beauty of the ſentence will eſcape' the notice of the reader. And, as all langu'ages are compoſed oſ words and ſentences, connected together by certain rules that 'cuﬅom has eﬅabliſhed, and as there is a great variety of ſentences, eſpecially in the more uſeſul and leite langu'ages', ſo=it is highly ex pedient that theſe eſtabliſhed rules (hauld be known; _ in order that the beauties of the language may ap pear in their full luﬅre. , t . . 'I'o form an uniyerſal, or polite ſcholar, former 'ages have deemed the knowledge of the Latin Lan guage neceſſary, and with this opinion later ages have concurreJ. For this purpoſe the ﬅudy ofthis lan guzge has been introduced into pubct: [than/r, mad cmiw, college: and mziwrſittſier; and its knowledge has beenjuﬅly eﬅeemed a neceſſary part ofeducation: To deſcribe the advantages reſulting from this ſcience is ſoreign to our preſent ſubject. It may not be improper, however, to obſerve, that the ﬅudy of this language opens to the mind a very extenſive field, and brings one acquainted with the ancient poets, pbin/opbers, [al/larzſiam, politirians, general', kings, and the inventor: of uſeſul arts; to which may be added an acquaintance with the cuﬅams, law: and religion: of different nations. A ſubject, one would think, ſufficient to rouſe the mind from inactivity, and ﬅimulate to the acquifition of glory.

AcAms'Lz " *

_ P R E F A C E. wi' . AcAtnsT theſe remarks it has been objected, I-, am ſenſible, that all this knowledge 'may be obtained by reading in our . own language, the things to which alluſion is here made. To this its . may be replied, that the objection will appear groundleſs when it ſhall be conſidered, that the: original beauty of compoſition is much injured by c- tranſlation; and it is altogether impoffible to enter' ſo- thoroughly into an afithor's view: and feelingr, when-the fire oſ his genius is partly extingu-iſhed-r by tranſlating _his ideas into a language, differentv foam that in which-he wrote. And it may, moreoo ver, be ſaid, that a becoming deſerence tolthe ſenti ment and practice of the moﬅ brilliant characters, ince t/Jſie refirmatim, is ſufficient to evince the pro- \ priety oſinitiating our youth, eſpecially thoſe de-ſſ ſigned for the learned Proſeffions, into the knowledge; of the Greek and. Latin tongues.

' SOME may' think, perhape, that theſe obſervation-s, areimpertinentlyintroduced inthis PREFACE, asthsv following work relates wholly to the ſubject of Sym. gnx. But as Stimtiarflm Janitrix Grammalimff it was. not improper to ſay ſomething in commendation of that language, to which this workis intended as du: - Introductian. THAT the CYaffi: Ilii/fort may be read'and'under flood without knowing the Rules oſ grammar, is a' ſſ ſcntiment advocatcd by aſew. But the advocates' A 2' or.

* Gmmar is the pc-ttrcſs oſ Lhc ſciences. vi PREFACE. oſthis ſentiment are, in general, men who are there ough adepts both in grammat' and the learned lan guages. Havingimprcſſed on theirminds the connex ion and dependence of words, and eaſily compre hending tbeﬅnſc oſ the authors they read, they are extremely apt to ſeel. that others need not perplex themſelves with ﬅudying thoſe rules, which they learned in younger life. But the falſity of the rea ſoning is very plain. The ſentiment is built on' _ the principle, that others Cain eaſily underﬅand with', out any ﬅudy, the agreement and government of words and ſentences, to gain which knowledge they, were obliged to ſpend many laborious months and years. Two reaſons were influential to begin and finiſh ' thefollowing Introductian. I. Some apparent defici encies in Mr. Clarke's '4 Introa'ucttſion to i/Je Making if Latin." 2. To prevent the neceſſity of ſending to Eu rope ſor books, that are wanted and uſed in 'Amer ican ſchools. On theſe reaſons I crave the indul- - gence of making ſome remarks. I. SOM'E apparent deficiencies in Mr. Clarke'a 'i Introductian to the Making aſ Latin." Mn. CLARKE's Introductian is awork for whichl have a very high eﬅeem, and feel no diſpoſition to depreciate its merits. He has ſhewn great ingenuity in the arrangement of his rules, and much propriety i and reading, in the collecting and tranſlating oſ the examples to be made into good Latin. He is, how ever deficient in ſome things, that are eſſential t'o a werk

Lz'___ _ PREFACvE, work of this kind. Among which mayv be reckoned the entire omiſſion of ſome rulesZthat are'*of frequent uſe in the language; many of his rules are exemplil ﬁed with no more than one or twov ſhortſentences 5. ' his critical remarks and explanatoryſi notes are too

few for the beneﬁt of the ﬅudent 5' and his Succinct account of the aﬀairs of ancient Greece and Rome, is too long, and raiſes the price of the book too big/7.ſi for a ſchool book.

To remedy theſe defects was one deſign in corn." pofing and publiſhing this ſubſequent Introduction. An attempt has been accordingly made to exemplify every rule with many inﬅances of falſe grammarc In the Appendix, the ſtudent will find many critical and explanatory notes, which will greatly affiﬅ him, either in underﬅanding the ſeveral rules, in each ſep arate chapter, or inform him of the exceptions and' * deviations from the general rules. By often rec ring to the Appendix, when he is employed playing iqſh' of Making Latin, he will find, it is conjecq tured, much aſiiﬅance.

THE examples oſ bad Latin are collected chiefiy from Cicero, Virgil, Horace and Eraſmus. _And I have taken the liberty of tranſlating from Clerk" Introduction, Mair's Introductimi and Bailey's Latin Exerciﬅr; at which it is thought, no one will be offended, eſpecially ſince it is right to profit by the labours of our predeceſſors. The whole is arranged, Itruſi, in ſuch a plain and familiar way as to have the

_ PRE'F A_CctE.'ſſ _ ._n'e* double addantagſieloſ pleaſing and giving inﬅctrch ELPÞ'LTJ e" 'ct -ſſ i To' thoſe acquainted with the utility oſ the practice of frequently ' correctin'g ungrammzztical ſentences, either in Engliſh or Latin, nothing need be ſaid' as' an inducement to this ﬅudy. Among the different ways of impreffi'ng the docile mind with the naturer and beauty oſ SYNTAX, there is no one perhapſ, more efficacious, than the thorough ﬅudying of an. throa'actian. As the examples cannot be corrected. without underﬅanding the rules, withoutſeeing, in a ſenſe, the influence and dependcnce that one word' has on another, ſo this method' muﬅ clearly have the advantage above all others. T HOSE, that may think proper to uſe the following work, as a claſſical book, are requeﬅed to ſpend® ſome little time, in ﬅudying the nature oſ the rule, or rules, at the head oſ each chapter 3 and iſ they have my Latin Grammar, to turn to the example of illuſi tration, which in the grammar, is given to eacidr rule. After vhaving done this, it is recommended that they begin with the firﬅ chapter in the Introduc iion and tranſpoſe the examples into good Latin, in' a fair legible hand, or iſ it be more agreeable it may be read off, diﬅinctly into good Latin. They may proceed in this manner through the firﬅ chapter ; and when they come to- the ſucceeding chapters, they are' deſired to read, or writ-e, about halfof each chapter, ſi theſhall firﬅ reviſe time-oſ their goingleſſons, over they the may book, finiſh and'when the remain they

"18 PREFACE.- , ing part of the chapters. By proceeding in th. , ner, they will firﬅly have the opportunity of learning ' and correcting that part of each chapter, which is the moﬅ plain and familiar : For, in arranging the exam ples, care has been' had, to- place at the head of each ſeparate chapter, thoſe examples that were gﬅeemed the moﬅ intelligible. '5 To 'compoſe a Latin Introduction, without antici pating poﬅ'eriar rules, any one inﬅance, is a talk extremely difficult ; and the performance next to imſi poſiible. Eſpecial diligence ſhould, however, be given to guard againﬅ 'the great inconvenience and impropriety of (lating examples, the correction of which requires the knowledge ofpgﬅerior rules. In conſulting and uſing the following-book, the atten tive reader will find but a few' inﬅancesof anticipa tion 5 and thoſe are ſo ſimple and: plain as to cauſe' no perplexity e-F or, it iſſs taken-zfor granted, that , the ſcholar will obtain conſiderable information of the Latin Language and Grammm' before he ſhall; begin to exerciſe his genius in correcting the exam-z pies of bad grammar. II. To prevent the neceſſity offending to Europe for books that are wanted and uſed in American ſchools, is another reaſon that induced to hand this to a generous and learned public. 'ſſ

To the Republz'tan 'Sons aſ dmm'm this reaſon will appear not only plauſible, but concluſive. As' cutſ ct - 1 independence 3

'ſ PREFACE .-uce is 'now fully eﬅabliſhed, as the arts and ſciences are now flouriſhing among us, as men * of literature and genius are conﬅantly riſing up and appearing on the glorious and extenſive theatre of knowledge, ſo we ought not to be dependent on European pens, for the compoſition of books, that may be compoſed by our own ſons. If, byablinded' partiality for Britiſh productions, we neglect our v own, the ﬅimulur to genius and exertion will be blunted, and our ſervility will too clearly appear. L. ALTHOUGH the following collection has no origi tennality, and yet publiſhed it is t/nfirﬅ in of the the Uzzited kind, State-r.that has ct beenOthers, writ it is poflible, there may be; but none of them have 'come to my knowledge. And if, when it ſhall be - peruſed, it may be eﬅeemed by judicious characters, a little inferior to the Tranſatlantic lmroductiom, yet it is hoped, that the d-efic'rencies will be freely par doned, and thaf it will be recommended to the at tention of ﬅudents. And as it is'of an American growth; it may, in a certain ſenſe, claim this favour :' For,"to encourage and cheriſh our own ſons, is more laudable 'than to beﬅow all ourfavours on foreigners. Should a generous partiality be ſhewn to our own publications, it would have an happy influence on'_ the exertions of genius, it would much encourage the art of printing, and rapidly diffuſe, in theſe weﬅern climes, that claſſical and uſeful knowledge, which would ſoon form characters equal in reſpecta-z ' bility to any in the old world.

Tna PREFACE. ai T HB unexpected encouragement, which the author has received, from a generous public in the reception and approbation of his former attempts to promote grammatical knowledge, gives himlrea ſon to hope, that this mite will not be overlooked, in the vaﬅ treaſure of learning, which is daily accu mulating in our ſchools and colleges. To the learn. ed and impartial he dedicates this Introduction; on their philanthropy and attachment to literature he is willing to depend, and he hopes, that he ſhall ever be ﬅimulated with ambition to merit their notice:

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ANEW' _ INTRODUCTIONe

TO THE LATIN LANGUAGD wecmxﬁ-mexxo-Þw ) a. -. CH'AP. I. The Nomina'tive Ca-ſe governs the Verb. v The Verb agrees with the Nominative Caſe, in, Number and Perſon. x v.. . An Adverb of Time, Placeand Quantitj, govern 'ing the Genitive, may be uſed as a Nothinaſi tive to a Verb. _ A Noun of Multitude Singular, may govern a Verb in the Plural Number. *

CALL, thou anſwereſt, he EGO voco, tu rgjþondc', teaches, we ﬅudy, ye give, illa dacco, ago ﬅudco, they receive. du, acciþio. I eat, thou fleepeﬅ, he miſ- Eda, dormio, erro,ſhi takes, we do breathe, ye do ro, lago, audia. read, theygwar. * I accuſed Accqſc, '4 _ A saw INTRODUCTION 'ro_ Acctgſo, culþo, Iaudſſo, I accuſed, thou blamedﬅ, he raiſed, we condemned, ye condemna, dimitto, punio. diſmiſſed, they puniſhed. Amo, clzzudzſico, dye', 1 did love, thou didﬅ halt, he did learn, we did walk, ye ambula, eguito, lndo, did ride, they did play. I have waſhed, thou haﬅ Law, bibo, riden, tra drunk, he hath laughed, we ho, cad0,ﬅc0. have drawn, ye have fallen, they have Wept. I ſaw, thou ſworeﬅ, he Vid'o, juro, ffiug'm', fought, we ſinned, ye fled, they Pecc0,fugio, manco. remained. l had commended, thou Laudo, [rust-o, dame, hadﬅ torn, he had tamed, we ſeco, do, ﬅa, had cut, ye had given, they had ﬅood. l ſhall read, thou ſhalt love, Lega, ame, docco, ce, he ſhall teach, we ſhall go, ye laudo, vztuþtro. 'ſhall-commend, they ſhall diſ praiſe. \ ,1 ſhall have ſpoken, thou Laguor, vidco, lacera, ſhalt have ſeen, he ſhall hav_.e curra, pugm, þcto. torn, we ſhall have run, ye ſhall have foughtpthey ſhall have ſought. Join thou, let him ſeparate, junga,ſuþar0, crudi', let us inſtruct, exalt ye, let exacto, vituþcra. 'them diſgrace. 1 may rub, thou mayeﬅ ſee, Frico, video, lactr', he may tear, we may run, ye curro, þugno,ſugzo. may fight, they may fly. I might rdad, thou mighteﬅ Lego, audz'o, dice, cur hear, he might ſay, We might ra, maneo,_ſcrzba. run, ye might ﬅay, they might write. If I ſhall ﬅand, iſ thou ſhalt Sta, ambulo, ſedeo, le walk, if he ſhall ſit, iſ we go, tude, clamo ſhallhave read, iſ ye ſhall have played, if they ſhall have ſhout ad . I can Ride', 'rue LATXN LANGUAGE. 15 l can laugh, we'can weep, Ride0,fle0, mno, biba, ye can ſing, ldrink, he is glad. gaudeo. \ I am taught,tho' art ſought, Doceo, quaro, duce. he is led, ye are deſpiſed, they contemno, amo, uito. 're loved, we are ſhunned. I was accuſed, thou waﬅ Arm/i), culþo, laude', blamed, he was praiſed, he was condemna, dimiito, pu condemned, we were diſmiſſ mo. - ed, ye were puniſhed. I have been . abſolved, thou lauda,- Aþſolva,da'mna, vituþe'ro,:reþudect'. ma, haﬅ been condemned, he-hae been loved, we have been com men-led, ye have been diſpraiſ 'd, they have been rejected. I had been ſeen, thou vhadﬅ ſi; Vz'dao, damn, dam, been tamed, he had been led, mitta, jungo, ſeþaro. We had been ſent,.ye had been (e joined,they had been ſeparated. I ſhall be loved, thou ſhall; Amv, ld'ua'o, sade,- do be praiſed, he ſhall be beaten, ceo, punio, dimitto. We ſhall be taught, ye ſhall be puniſh-ed, they ſhall be diſmiſſ ed. Aga quae-o adduca i I may be driven, he may b'e ſought, we may be brought, ame, dium, vajhtlo, dzſiſco: they might be loved, ye can be taught, he muﬅ be whip ped, he learns. No place is ſound. Nuſquam [0qu invwi'. Part ofthe men did fall. Partim vir cada. In what place are we P Ubi locus ſum 1? In what nation is he P Ubi gem' cxiﬅa 2 In what landare ye P 'szct term ſum ? The flock runs. Grcx curro. The multitude ſhouted. Multitude clama. The nation is conquered. Natio vinco. The troop flies, Turmafugio. Part return. Pars redeo. The cock crows, the geeſe Gallus canto, anﬅr did cackle, the parrot had glarz'ta, pſittachm loqudr, ſpoken, the magpies have chat pzca garrio, corvus cra lered, the ravens had croaked, cito, galli'na flye. e the hens cluck. Men Home 16 A new INTRODUCTlO'N 'ro

Men have ſhou'ed, horſes tubo, Home aſinuJ clamo, rude, azure: mulzſier ti will ﬅumble,the aſſes did bray, women will pratc, wives will garrio, uxor jurgo, Put-r' ſcold, the boys were. beaten. m o. Virtue is praiſed, vice was Virtur laude, vitiu" ſhunned, honor was ſought, vita, ſtorm: quem-0, divi riches were acquired, the boys tz'xz pin-0, puer dyſco, uſ will learn, letb00ks be brought, fcra liber, Petru: affir Peter affirms, who will deny ?* mo, qui: ntgo P prelium the battle was joined, the at. cmnmitta, ſagitm "vale, rew' fly, the horſe' are taken. eguu: capio.

CHAP . II. The Adjective, Pronoun and Participle agree Number, Caſe andct with their Nouns, in Gender. THE good boy learne, the BONUS pun- dz'ſco, me naughty boys play, the lur putr ludo, celer ſwift horſes:-conquer, the flow equus vinco, ten-aim equus horſe irovetcome. > mnco. Proud 'nen do fall, but hum Superlms' home ſade," ble men ſhall be exalted; high - ſEd made/tus home' Prove _towers may fall, whilſh low ho, altu: turrir cadlaz. cottages may ﬅand. dum humilir cazſaﬅa. The fearful h'ares fled, nim Timz'du: lcpus fugio, ble dogs followed, beautiful velox camcts flquor, for women are loved, weary trav mffur mulZe-r-amo, fgflus ellers lit. viatorſedm. Our preceptor comes, let us Naﬅerþrarcþto-r venio, read, the idle boy will be beat lago, igvtauu: þucr can-do, en, my books are torn, thy man: libcr ' lacert), tuus brothers were commended. ' ſratcr lauda. This was well done; let us Hic bent ſuch ; cou deſpiſe earthly things, and tcm-na bit-manus, etſþect' eontemplate heavenly things; celeﬅis ; mors devoro am death devours all things; the m'r ; [nium hamo crco. firſt man was created. Praccfztor

i: THE LATlN LANGUAGE." 17 My juﬅ maﬅer corrects his Prazceþtar mew juﬅur own ſon oﬀending; the wiſe corriga ſilz'us juur delin ſeek wiſdom, butthe fool deſ quo ;_/Zzþicm qucroſaþi piſeth underﬅanding ; the in cntia, ſedﬅultus contem duﬅrious are praiſed, but the no intelligentia ; ſeduh's ﬂothful are puniſhed. laudo,ſed ignavurjmnio.

CHAR Ill. * 1 b Active and Deponent Verbs, in general, gove ern an Accuſative of the object, on which an action terminates. The Accuſative Caſe, by Synecdoche, is put after ſome Neuter Verbs.

DlLIG ENT maﬅer hear PRECEPTORſedqur eth leſſons; careleſs boys audz'o lectia ; pucr re tear their beﬅ books; love the miffiur laurel-ther ſum' greateﬅ and beﬅ God; embrace bonur ; amo Deus bonurſſ Chriﬅ. eſ magnur 3 amþlcctar Chriﬅus. The old Romans conquered Vetur Romanu: vinco ammſis gem _.* Anm'bal ex all nations; Annibal hat-raiſed the Romans long, but was con agzſita diu Romanus, ſed quered at laﬅ. 'ende-m vinca. Virtue procurcs and pre Virtu: cancz'liv et con ſerves friendſhip, but vice pro firm: amicitia,ſed vitiy'm duceth hatred and quarrels. pario odium et inimz'citz'zz. Virtue alone affords true * Virturjblurprtzko Im honour; humble modeﬅy gra nor veru: _: mode/lit: ſub ces a baſhful maid -, terrible mſſu: omo virga ver? death will invadeimpious ſin cundus ; mon dirm in ners ; we know nothing right vado peccator imþius ,* ly, till the divine ſpirit ſhall þerciþio ni/zil Telle, dom-s have enlightened our dark un ſhirzcttus iſle divinus illu derﬅandings. mino ment noﬅer cacur. Corydon is in love with A Corydon ardea Alexi: ; ' lexis ; he beaﬅs oſ his planted creþa ſulcu: et vinetum 1 trees and vineyards; it is the vox homaſono ,* oleo hir " ' " 22. raise " V ' ' cus .*

1 _ . A ruwſilNTRODUCTlON TO 18 voice of a man 5 he ſmells like cur ; ſithe Cycloþs ; ſpi a goat; to dance like a Cy ro cle-us, ilk rubeoflzcier; clops; he breathes like a god; candeo deny; iſle caþilctus he has a red face; his teeth ruþco. are white; his hair is red. Drunkards ſmell of wine, a Bibo eke uinum,ſuþer- r proud man of perſumes; angry bus adoramcntum; im men breathe revenge againſt cundus ſhiro ultz'o in in their enemies, and thirﬅ after imzſicusſuus, et ſitia per' the deﬅruflion of thoſe that mities iſle, qui appono et" op oſc and injure them. naccoſui. ' hey that ſerve the devil, Qui' flfuio diabalw, ſerve an hard ſervice; boys firvia ſcrm'tur durur : live a troubleſome life at puer vivo vita moleﬅur ſchool, they think. err/thoſe, cogita.

CHAP. IVL Verbs Neluter, as ſum,forem, ſio, exz'ſho, paſfive Verbs of naming, as appellor, &c. and theſe paﬃve Verbs agnqſcor, &c. and theſe Verbs of geſture, cubo, &c. govern the Nomi-native aſ. ter them. 'The Cctaſe Inﬁnitives after them, of theſe that Verbs,goes before govern them. the ſame. ſi A Numbers Verb between 'may agreetwo Nominatives with either. of different ct

Y broth-er is a good boy, MEUS fram ﬅzm Mr. X becauſe he reads his * nur puer, quia lage' book ; but thou art a bad boy, flux liber; ſed tu flem becauſe thou neglectefl thy leſ malu: puer, quid mgliga ſon. tum: lactz'd. Varro was eﬅeemed a learn- Varro exiﬅimv doctu: ed man, Cicero was accounted air, Cicero habco dffcr eloquent, Ariﬅides was called tur, Ariﬅidt: dicojuﬅur, juﬅ, Pompey was named great. Pompeius namina mag TU'J'. . \* Hypocrites * ' Simulnlm THI LA'TIN LANGUA-GE4._ 'at Simulotor oro ſbnorus longZPI, H ocrites who ldame ray loud firſt, and am et longus ; ago, qui oenz'a praiſed; but thou; who alWaye print-us, luudo ; 'ſed tu, comeﬅ laﬅ, looſeﬅ thine hon quifimþer venio ulti'mus, our 3, the lion. is' accounted' a [Iem'o honor tum' ; [60 moﬅ generous and placable mea gcncrqſus et placed-r beaﬅ. dis Virtuy- animaL. ooco oitctium, et" - ' Virtue is called vice, and' vice isoſten called virtue, but. vitz'umſzzPe appello 'air-m yet virtue is not vice, nor i' tus,ſed tamen oirlu: non: vice virtue. ſum vitium, 'no vitium ſum oirtus. She walke a queen ; the ſold Ille inrcdo a-cgzctna; mild: ieu ſleep ſecure yman Walks dovmio ſecuru-r ; home ethu right: the boy ſits por jamcttor inecdo. arcdus, ; famulus pwfidco, deade ter', t e ſervants walk on foot ; the maﬅer ſlays alone ; the per ; herus mane-oſolu: ;. ſoldiers come up in arms. mile: venio armatus. Loquacity makes a prattler Loquatzſitaxſuczſio gar'- , rulus exzſiflzſimoﬅultu: ;ſcd ' to be accounted a fool 3 but ſi lence cauſes a man to be ae ſilmtz'umſacio homo [tach 'oum'd wiſe ; bridle thy ſaþicm ; co/libeo lingua tongue, iſ thouwilt ſeem wiſe. tuus,ſi oola videoſhpiens. Peter deſires to be a learned Petrus cupia flm 'air man ; thou loveſt to be called doctus ; tu amo dico For father ;.he Would hove him ter ,*'* voloſui crco dux ; ſelf made general ; woſee, that video._ſe1wxin_red0 rectut. . the old man walks ﬅraight. Empedocles affected to be Empedoclcx cujzio habeaz eﬅeemed an immortal god ; if immortalir deus ;ſi tu vo- - thou deſireﬅ to be a good man, lo ſum bonu: vir, calm pra&iſe charity and other vir churitar aliuſque diſturb tues. - It is not given to allx to be Non do omnil'fizm'no-a noble and opulent ; but it is bilis ct oþulcntus jſal' rmitted to all to be good, if lioet ammlsſimt bonus, they will. volo, The portion was twenty tal Do: ſum dcccmjalen 'nu ; bonee are made a Bone ; tum; o: fio [aþis ; a the fallings. out of lovers is the mans im amor "dinte renew-1 of love _; blood were gratio ſum ; ſangui-J tears. ſum Iacrjma. CHAF, 20 A N-lW INTRODUCTION 'to

CHAP. V. The Relative agrees with its Antecedent, in Number, Gender and Perſon. WVhen there is no Nominativebetweon the Rel- ' ative and the Verb, the Relative is the Nom inative. When a Nominative comes between the Rela tive and the Verb, the Relative is governed by the Verb, or ſome other word in the Sen tence, on which it depends. A Member of a Seritence is ofte * the'Antece dent to a Relative.

HE king is honoured, RE X 'Ille honora, qui a who loveth his ſubjects 3 mo ſubditus ſuus ; the woman is loved, who hath mulier amo, qui habeofe a fair face. Lies pale/ler. The rebellious ſcholar, that Diſcipulur iﬅe contu neglects his learning, vexes his max, qui negligo dium, maﬅer indeed, but deﬅroyeth vexa magiﬅer quidcm, ſed himſelf. perdoſui ipſe. The rewards, that are prom Pramium, qui pro iſed, ſhall be given; if the mitto, da;ſi opus, qui works, that are required, be PQﬅulaz ſio done. The wicked, that fear not SceZq/tus, qui' non time' God now, will condemn their Deus nunc, damno ﬅtd own folly hereafter. titiaſuus þaﬅhac. _ God,wh0 governe the world, Deus, qui gulrtr't' is a ſpirit, whom no man hath mundur, ſum ſhiritus, qui ſeen. nemo video. ' Our country includes all Ncyier putrid compla our friends and relations; he, tor omnis amicus nag/ter therefore, that loves not his et cognatusv qui igzſitur country, is not a man, but a 'non am patria, nonſuu brutc uir,fld bellua, Cato Cats run' LATIN LA'NGUAGE. II Cato was a wiſe and valiant Cato ſum ſaiden: et man ; he loved the common ſorti: vir ; amo rtflmbli wealth and all thoſe, that lov c-a ct amnz: is, qui ama et ed and defended it. defende is. \ The covetous man, who al Avarus, ui-ſemþer e ways wants, cannot be rich. geo, nanþoffimſum dium', He is not rchwhoſe-money. Ille non ſum dium qui is increaſed, and whoſe flock' ipctunia augeo, et qui are many; but he,-whoſe mind great ſhm multus ; ſed i' quiet and content. iſle qui animus ſum qui ctm. et tranquillus. He ire-good dey, whbmgloez Simr &amu- puer,'qm' ry' eneou " li and Þ commen gM-riiz exdiko: 'M' bous-'du dation delig teth ;; he will bet; . Iccto _,*, egregius 167.; come an excellent man. whiſioh- Men is often a emioious purſue pleaſure, thing ; 'Hamo jape fictdr- you luþt'as, qui ſum file-mitie but do you eelz after true glo ſus j. ſed. tu quwr'o verus ryh which is a commendable rFlame,-quz'ſum- laudabix t ing. t: Thou commonly truanteﬅ Sat-fie multum ceffo, et much and art idle, which are ſu_m ignavux, quifitmþcr perniciou' things.' . mcz'oſus. * i I* hate thy' manners, who Odz'o ſiabco ma: tum, doﬅ not reverence ſuperiors. qui nen rcvcreorſuþerior. ' ſf'ounffithy loﬅ book, who 17weni0 liber tuus may. a'r'. a eareleſs boy. ſick, qui flutr negli gem. and" thybrot'her ſhall " Tu et fratcr vz'ſhſub viſit our country houſe, who urbanum myZer, qui ha ll'e pleaſantly near a river. bito amaene proþe amnis, My. brother and I who can-le _ Frater man: et ago quc' * were admitted. uezzz'o primus, admitto. I, found" thy' paper, rulcr, _Invk:-ni0 charm tum', and penknife, which had been nary/a, et calffldlum, qui loﬅ. - amzNo. Thou and' l,- who ſpoiled T u et ago, qui con-um the pens and paper, that we þo punna et charter, qui bought, have provoked out emo, irrito magtﬅer my; maﬅer, who loves thrifty boys, ter, qui dilzſigapuerſrugi, thatkeep their things careful quz'ſeruoſuus diligentc'r, l'y and ſpoil nothing. ' et corrumþo 'ii/til. Q _ ' What - m 22 A NIW'lNTRODUCTlON T' What troubles your mind P Qui mal: 0 animu What a country have I ſeen P tum' .? Quali; regio eg' What have you done P Iftyou video 2 Quid facio Pſi knew what a great preſent we ſcid quantus munu: eg' have received. ' ' accipio.

c H A,.P.': VI. Two or more Nouns Singular, may have a' - Verb, 'Adjecti've' and Pronoun, in the-Plu; ral, to agree with them. The Participle i' included in this rule : And if they be of dif ferent Genders, the Verb, Adjective, Pro noun and Participle will agree with the moﬅ worthy.* OU and your father, who U et þatcr tum, qui live temperately, will vivo temperate, carte > ſurely livelong. diu viuo. Cyrus and Alexander, who Cyrus et Alexander, ſubdued Afia, are renoWned qui domo Aſiazſum indy generals. þ tw dux. Brutus and Arunskilled one Brutux et Arum' accidb another; yet the Romans de ſuiinvicem; tamen. Roma parted Victorious. nus 'recedo victor. Cato and Cicero were wiſe Cato et Ciceroſumfiz and learned -, they loved their picn: et doctu: ; amo pa ' country, and allthole who lov tria, et omni: is qui ame ed and defended it. et defendo is; Hamllcar, Annibal and Aſ Hamilcar, Anm'bal a' drubal who carried on a war Aſdrubal ui gero bel againﬅ the Romans, were very lum adverſity Romulus, ſkilful generals. ſum peritu: dux. _ Homer, Virgil and Horace * Humerus, Virgilius 't are 'juﬅly eﬅeemed maﬅ ex Horatiu: merito exz'flimo ceHem poets. . bonus poem. Alexander and Julius Cae Alexander et juliu: ſar were_very great command Caſar ſum prwﬅam duxz ers, qui.

* See Aþþcnctx, Chap. V. Reu- 4 'run LATIN LANGUAGE. 33 ers, the former of whom con. qui ilk damo Aﬁa, at hie quered Aſia, but the latter ſub- ſubigo Gallux. d_ued the Gauls. I and my brother read Ter Ego et mmſmter leg' enxe; thou and thy brother Tercntiu: -; tu et tum' are elder than we are, and read ſratcr ſum natu mazjar Qordery. guam ago ſum, et m'do Corderius. , On a ſudden, conſist-nation Repente, wtu: at me and ſorrow overſpread the ror_ invada cioitax ; ﬅd pity; but the night and the nox et þmda 'cmoror lunder retarded the enemy. hqﬅis. ' My father and mother were Mru: [Pater ct mater_ very pious; I will implore ſum wide þiux, implore the divine diﬅance, and 'fol divinus apir, etſcquaf is low their good examples. banu: excmþlum. Honour, praiſe and glory are Honas, laur et decus 'valued and ſought alter, by ſum wﬅimatus at qu-aſ ood men z but laws, faith tus, a bonus viſ ;ſtd_jus, and the gods themſelves, are ﬁde: et dcu: ip/Z, ſum trampled upon, by the wicked. calcatur, ab improþur.

C.H_A P. yu. -Mode,ſſ may do the A Verb, in the Infinitiye office of a Nominative caſe to a Verb, A member of a ſentence may do the office of a Nominat-ive caſe to a Verb.

O ſee the ſhining ſun is'a VIDEO ſo! fihfcndcns, moﬅ pleaſant thing, jucundumſum. To kill innocent infants is Occida inſarw innocuu: a moſt cruel thing. ſum crudelis. To play moderately, to ſleep Modice ludo, þarum little, to learn much, and tile' dormio, multum dzfio, di early are moﬅ excellent things. luculo ſurgo ſum preſ tam. To deſpiſe the, wicked and Contcmno ſcale/lur, at love the good is commendable. diliga bonu:,ſum laudab ilic. A T' Fug-i' 34 A le lNTRODUCTION 'ro Fugie cum putrid 'reſiſ _ To fly when our country is invaded, is baſe ; let us. there ter eþþugno,ſum turffii: ; fore fight valiantly, and die pugna igit-ur ﬅrenue pe honourabl To 'holdyone's . peaceis often tiur, et mariar honefle. Tacea ſum jape tum: ; ſaſe; be ſilent, therefore, if ſum igitur taciturnus,ſi thou art wiſe, and do not talk ſapio, me laquer multur. much. To ſee is pleaſant, but to Vidca ſum jucundur, diſcover truth is more pleaſant; ſed invenio 'unites ſum let us, therefor' ſeek it moſt jucundur; quem is ig diligently. itur diligentcr. To know one's ſelf is the No ca fili ſum greateﬅ wiſdom ; which as it magn'urſapientza ; qui ut is a very hard thing, ſo it in ſum difficdis, ita ſum very uſeſul. utzſilir. J'ulius Caeſar conquered juliu: Caeſar ſubiga. Gaul, which was a very diffi Gallia, quiſum difflcilir; cult thing; becauſe the old quia vctu: Gallus ſum Gauls were very brave. ſortir. To cultivate virtue and ſeek Virtur colo et quem aſter true glory are glorious verus gleria ſum glorio things; but to love v'ce and ſus; ſed ame vitium et purſue after vain glory are diſ ſecte' inanis gleria ſum onourable things. turpir. My brother reads good Meurſrater [ago bonus books and ﬅudies hard, which hear, ctﬅudeo diligentcr, are commendable; and there qui ſum laudandusrac fore, the Maﬅer loves and praindc þrzccþtor more! praiſes him. laude is.

cHAP. T'anL-ATIN-L'ANGUAGE- 25

C xH A- P. VIlL

Verbs the compounded Caſe of 'their with Prepoſiticſims, Prepoſitions, when govern their force falls on the caſual Word; - Verbs compounded with'a, ab, ad, ran, de, t', ex and in, often admit a ſimilar Prepofi tion before the caſual Noun. - ' Nouns and' Pronouns are often' governed by , Prepoſiti'ons underſtood; ' Theſe thirty tWo Prefidſitibns govern the Aca euſative -; ad, adveflus, adverſum£ ante, aloud, circa, circum, a'rciter, aid, cur-a, contra, erga, extra, inſm, intcr, intra,ju'xta, ab, penes, pen' parte, plffi, Prester, propc, pr ,tcrt_/Zcundum, fleas, ſupra, trans, ultm, ver'us, 'zg'gzoe and oſgm ad. e it i I _ _

E. went out of the enelo- ' XEOfl-ptnm. Form: harbour. ſure. They' I went break out oſ from the Lſim. cgrtdior. Dctruda Erumþopari na'visfla-k the gates. They ſhove the pular. T ſhips from the roeks: * Let us go to ſchool. He Adeo fi/wld. Alſo; ſpeaks to his brother. He guar fratcr. Examine; carried the army over the'riv- fluvius trargſduco. De. er.city. He They departedgfrom come up t0*theſſ the cedaCircumue/w urbn Suþea are. ments. Inea walls. He'is' carridd ro'u'nd ſat-dium. ' 7 the fort. They engage in ' 1" battle._ Wheuwh'fhehigheﬅ , _ moun- . Suþerur ſſczzm ' * mhrz, ,' " tain,ſelf. we ſee Polyphemus ſi ' him- ' vided Polyp/tcrzm ' tþfi,£* ' U" T, In the midﬅofa "wood, his ' ſſMaterobviuJ-figz'jy'zſfiff r mother preſents herſelf. diurſylvaſcro, um; I' r' "C In Qu'r: '45 anew lNTRODUCTION T' In which place, the Car Qui locus, Pami þff thaginians firﬅ dug up the 'num qffiodzo ſignum qui fign, that royal juno had ngiu: juna monſlro. fhewn. For what they came. ' y Qui umio. " ' julius Czſar was a very julius Caſarſum dult valiant commander z but thro' forli: ;ﬅd Per ſuþc'bia pride and luﬅ of ruling, he et ng'namiu: libido, verta turned his arms againﬅ his 'ar-ma; adrmflx pain'd, own country, and ſo ruined it at .ue,ita perdu i: etſui and himſelf. ' z c. Sicily lies beneath Italy '3 Sirilia poſiturfitm in it is a pleaſant and fruitful fra Italia, ſum inſula iſland, the Carthaginians ſub amanus et fertilis, Car dued it, and held it, until the thaginicnſirſubigo, et te Romans forced them to leave nca, doncc Romanſ: cage ' If. is relingua it. 1 Cato was a wiſe and good Cato ſum ſhþien: et man, according to my opin hmu: vir,flcandum mus ion. _ _ opinio. After they came to a con Pzffiquam venio ad col ference, peace was. concluded loquium, Pox ordino in between them. ter 15. The ſwallow' come before Hirundo vmio antc ſummer; they fly thro' the efflux.- valitvjcra'ra.

air. - i A . . n ' _ 'The general drew up his Dux znﬅ-ruo arte: m hrmy on this ſide the Alps, AZþcr, nemnunquamþnx. he body ever fought more naſartiter contra big/lit. Valiantly againﬅ an enemy. He takes the towns a out Occupo urb: (irca Ca Capua, he rewards the ſoldier: pua, remuncror mile; according to their braVery. ſccundum Lctuna ago virtus. currur in The moon drives her char ſ'a ſol, cclum þorrtſigo iot beneath the ſun, the heav-_ en is ﬅretched out above ſujmz nube'. the clouds. The ilot is with the ſhip. Vcﬀorſmn aþud 'main The heiiȝer wanders about the juvenca vagor circa a ﬁelds. The army encamzs gcr. Exercitu: Leg/ire about the city. Charityoug t mctor circum urbs. Cha tobe exerciſed towards- our ritar dcbco exercca arg neighbours. froximw. CH APQ 'nu- LATIN LANGUAGLA t; C H Aſſ' P. IX.

Theſe thirteen Prepoſitions govern the 'Ablav tive ; a, ab, abs, abſque, coram, cum, de, e, ex£ Palam, pra, pro, fine, - ' T'enus imaygovem a Noun, in the Geni-tive, or Ablative plural. If 'the noun be ſingular, it is put in the Ablative only. In, fltb, fitbtcr and ſir-per, implying Motion to 0: Place, or" Thing, govern the Accuſative. ' lf Scttlement, Rg/Z, or Motion in a place be ex preſſed, then in,ſub,flobter and ſioper, govern either the Accuſative, or Ablative. - Clam governs the Accuſative, or Ablativeindif ferently. '

RUNKARDS ramble BIBO vagar a cauponm from one ale-houſe to an- hic ad aliur, Virgo other. A maid, without abſque modg/liaſum

ſ 28 A 'raw INTRODUCTION to Thc ſhepherd: came under Paﬅor venio fizb man' the mountains with their tum grcx; ago is in flocks ; they drove them into him jubtcr terra. the ſolds under the ground. W'hilﬅ Peter was ſitting in Dun' Petrur ſedco in the parlour, th' boys were canaculum, puer colludv playing in the po'ch, the girls 2'1'. Uſſibulwm, puella ſal were dancing under a tree. toſub arbor. ' 'ſhe ſoldiers ſat 'down upon MZ/e: di-cumbo fi'þer the graſs, nigh the ſhore, 'granze'z,_ſw ter littzts,-u5£ where they clined in preſence Prandea coram dam. eſ ſiPha'e'ton, their general. for fear, ſell from Pha-i'to', prei- timcr, ca heaven i'ntd-the Po, in Italy 3. 'da de rzzfium. in PaduJ, his ſiﬅers bewailed his death, in led-lie; flror Z'ugca till they were all changed into man, (ſancc omnia 'mule oplar treeS. . a in þajzuſur. Whilﬅ the war is'carried Dum bc'Hum ger-a in on in Numidia againſt Jugur Numidia contra jugur tha, the Romans were defeat rim. Roman-us roame ed by the Gauls, nigh the Galtu: juxta Rhodanuh Rhone. > ' Towards the evening, the SuÞ vsſþerus, nobih'flu. nobility fled out of the city, fugio ex urbeflmnſeo 'Tu paſſed over into Greece, levi Gntcia, part) &Ham. c-r ed war in Epire againﬅ Cae þud Epir'u contra Claw far. ſ ar. Ca-ſar mitta in Germa Caeſaris ſent into Germ-any, he marches with his army m'a, Perga cum exercitux beyond the Rhine, lays waſte ul'm Rhcnus, vaﬅo ager, the country, returns with glo fever/for cum glaria. in ry to winter quarters. lybx-rna. 1' The ſhepherd paſſes by the Paﬅor [nrcetereo villa, village, goes to the eity,w here adeo urbr, ubi diu cam he ﬅays a long time 3 he is ua'ror; jubea deccdo op ordered to depart from the jn'd-um; redro ad great ; at town, to return to his flocks ; 'nalo abſzﬅere inceptmx. but he would not deſtfi: from his purpoſe. The Giants, who aſſaulted Gigas, qui aþþugm heaven, were buried under cclum, cþelz'a ſub ingens vaﬅ mountains, as the old po mous, ut yew: pacta dice ; ets ſay ; they endeavour to sonor ſurge jhhndc, you' 't - riſe affirm

_ _., __._._, .._ __._;_.,.rl .- run LATIN LANGUAGE. *9: riſe now and then, which cfflcia term motur, ut cauſes the earthquakes, as the idemſhficm auctor affiru ſame wiſe authors affirm. me.

c H it P.. xl.. One Verb may govern another in the Inﬁniiit Nouns ' tive. may ' govern V'erbsſi in the Inﬁnitive. ,

Adjectives lſſnflnitive. may elegantly put Verb: in. the A Verb may be uſed, in-the I'nfini'tive Mode independent. Participles govern Verbs in the Infinitive; - . A lute,N'oun, governs or Pronoun, a.Ver_b in inthelnfinitivc,v the Accuſative ahſo ſſ

DESlREi to learn., Thou CUPIO d1ﬅ0£nGaudta art glad to be taught. Mer docw. Mercurius diq Gury-is ſaid 'to have invented car int-mio bra. the-harp._ I deſire to know-t Thou. Cupid/He. Pkrcordt'z art afraid totcll. He deſ. co." Spcmo docco. Ver; - piſes to be taught._ We are arrio, cheo ſludco." forbidden to prate, Ye ought jubea flribq, , A _ __ toﬅudy. They are ordered to-write. Gflre vita zſinte'mperan? . I will take, care to avoid in-, temperance._ Thou _ oughteﬅ tia. iDe/reo exþeta ſapie to ſeek wiſdom. He endeav entia. Canorfflrcflo [was ours to perform his- promiſe. mgſſum. Statuo audiq We have reſolved _to hear the preſectia. De zgno_ came leſſon. Ye deſign to make pona verſu:._ idea ſade-r 'erſe-s. They ſeem- to have injun'a. Diſw depono done an.- injury. Learn thou ' ſitþtrcilium; Pecum'a my: . to lay aſide pridc._ Mancy rzomuta nature. -Mi1c,r cannot change nature. A ſol-: fimþer gaudea memora diet always rejoice; torecount pericaſum. he dangers. 13 Sang.v Ww-W-W so A um lNTRODUCTIOi'LI-o It is time todepaft. There Sun temjnu he: Sin' , Was'a' deſire to know fuch marcagmffiatantushag great misfortunes. He took nue ctzfiu. prehend' this occaſion to write. XgaVe occqfia ſcribo. Big-num a ſign to come to the god. do vain-daw. Worthy to be read, Deſir-P Dignus lago. Cupi. ing to die. Trees that Wifl. d'u morz'or. Arbor in not grow. Not knowing to docilz'r paſcar. Indact'lie ſuffe'r- poYerty. Defi-zous- to Merit: þatiur, 1 Avi begiu the battle. Courageous du: commitco þugna. Au to endure allthings. Bearing dat omnia prrþdt'ior. to be polluted'. Metacns 12on A dutiful ſon dates not diſ- Filius Pins Mfldh obey his parents. Who can rcþugnoþarcnrſum,Qui: ſi' ingcompare i' Violence any thing cannot with deſpoil learn- þuffilm doctrine co'mþuro I' Violmtia aliguid' um' us of it. paſſumffiofld cg'a is. I wonder that you-r brother - Miror tum fraier nou does not write to me ; I can- firibo ad'ega; non þoffuw 'l-Ot believe that he is well. credo is vaka. Silius boaﬅed, that his ſol ' Sfliur: jactoſuus mile' diers had perfiﬅed in obedi- duro in obſcquz'um, cum once'; when others had I'apfcd Latin: prolebor ad' fldicioſ, 'into ſcdition. When Caeſar heard' that Cum-Cmſar audio Heþ and'thaſſtthe Heivetii they were deſigned in arms, to ﬅatue vetiz' ſum facioiter in arma,ct þtrþro is Make their w'ay through hiz vinciuſuur, matura Pra province, he made haﬅe to ſicfflor a-Rom-a, e: venia be gone-from Rome, and came celerz'ser ad" Gumm. ſi _very 'ſhe ſpedily ambaſſadors to Geneva.. complain- Leg-atw- gueror ed, that they were ilighted, mgiigo, et agre fern ſui 'orderedand took to it ill: depart that they frOm were the jubeo at vex diſceda denunctcto-ſui ab'- urbs imbca r '_ tity: but the king declared? i: pro [Lo/fir, n'iﬅ prſſcff 'that he would reckon them for cor- ad=dicrj2atutu. ' enemies, unleſs they went off at the day appointed. _ . ' ,Hiﬅorians tell', that Philip Hiﬅorz'cus hav'n, P/n'n Was flain by a young man, Z'þþuu obtrzmcoalzadolgſk tas he was going to the publiek cem, cum eo ad lſſudua gameS, and many believed that Publizw, et muhm- ered' Alexander &Wit-t 7 - _

MW-__ **\-. ' ,_..- w'M-f ' \\,/-* , _:. \_--\_i _ ſi .._ .______7,_;___4 him L-A'l! LN= \L*A NGU AG 3? 'Achzmder had cncduugcd -. Almder may ab a' him to ſo great a crime. The tantus facinus. A an: wea- Pdgſhmctm. 'ſ young man was called Pariſ: nns. The old Perſians believed,,ſi -\ 'xllufl' Vctu Paffiz ende ful? that the ſun was God. iflm- Deus. 'l ' '1. When Alexander the grea, Cum Alexander We after his evening's debauch, magnus, poﬅ þocuſm" had called to mind, than he in'mcturnm animmfinſi flaw, trucidd 'm Win himſelf had killed his den tu: amicus ſuus- ctc/zm'wj friend Clitus, he would have ﬅabbed himſelf ; but ſome of vobjuguloſui' ,* fid ali his ſoldiers knowing, that he gui: ab' mibz: is deſigned to kill himſelf, pare 'no accido ſui, imþedio vcntcd him. ilk. \ Attaxerxes, the Perſian Artaxerxes, re: Paſſ king, fexit ambaſſadors into tw, mitto legem: in Gre Greece, by whom he ordered citz, per i jabeo omis all people to depart from arms, diſceda amid, den-unri declaring, that he ſhould reck an: ſm' leach pro quflis, on him for an enemy that. did guifacio alitcr. otherwiſe.

a? v c H A P._ Xl. TWO Nouns, in conjunction, and' impl'yſhg ' frozen-t), will have the latter in the Geniz. nve. Several Nouns together', meaning' the ſame' A thing, agree in the ſame caſe, byvafppoﬁciom If an Adjective of Praiſe, or Dzﬂzraiſc, be join -- ed to the latter Noun,v 'it may be either in the Genitive, or Ablative Caſe.

- HE ſight of a fair picture _. CONSPECTUS image delights the eye. vThe - fulrhcrdrllcto occulmI beauty of azhandſgne woman Pu i/nitudaſcmina for is pleaſing. The gates of this mg/Luﬂacgt. Cure mun ' ' yorld ﬂy:

z- mnw" INTROD U'CTION 1" World have blinded the'eyes du: hie occaco 'um-ſi' of men. m. The decaitfulneſsofi riches Frm: divide illaquto enſnare the thoughts of greedy cogitatio peccator auidus. 3 finneps. The'ſoul of a right Animal pim- abominor a- ' eous man will abhor the baſe mar viii: volupta: dirur love of curſed pleaſures and et cuþzda. Fama do: laﬅs. The report of the great magnus virga innuptus 'lot-very of an unmarricd vir ſum ſwpeſbnux.mcndaci-_ gin is often the ſound of a vum grand-17.. teat lie. The father's prodigality will Prodigalita: jmterſum be the ſon's ſhame and begga þudor at egg/tas filius. ry. The ﬅout ſoldier's ſword. Gladius mile: magnani has been the proud enemy's mus ſum cxilium fig/ii: ruin.. - ſuþerlms. The valiant ſon of Philip Filius ilk magnanimu: eoveted the dominionof- the Philippa: cupio domin< _ whole world. * ium mundu totuJ. The fear of GodL contempt Tz'mor Deus, contemp of the world, and ﬅeadfaﬅ tm mendus, et ſhe: ſir hope of eternal life, make qui mus mta aternus, conrt', etneſs of mind, which is the lio quits animus, qui ſum sue'Fhe teﬅ- dichers ha ineſs cleanſe of man. our ſch'citas 'Maximus home', Fgffixr mundo ſcſſa op town ditch. The ſlave leap pidum mſſcr. Verna. ed over the city wall and eſ tranfiho mu'rus lnbs et 'apech School boys love the azfſugio. Dſſlfulw q ' ſohool chimney, when their mp camimu ſchola, cum limbs are cold. memb-rum flux ſum frzſi. gidus. . Let us drink plentifullyvout . Affatim. biba ex þacu, of this cup oſgold. We have lum-hie aurcus. Cqctzſigo been gathering mountain fructu: montanut. Do: fruits. My father's houſe and mur patcrnuq et hornes my brother's gardenare join fraccmmſumþropinguus.-, ing. A.good prince is a father-to, Pn'nrrþ: Lanus ficm, his count-ry._ Loyal ſubjects flatter Aatn'aſuus._ Sub are the ﬅrongeﬅ walls.- w roy vditus pius ſu'm- murm alty. ſortſ: mqjeﬅas-"regt'up - Bucephalus, the horſe of *' Buceþ/zalus, equu: Al Alexander, would ſuffer no exander;- wlaflatiorſzffirr ' _'idcr, 'un-'lus \ run: LA'rm mefrzace. 33 ;,mlllus- niſi da-'mſir'zmfiumwi rider, but his maﬅer. Deaſhh \ the enemy of naeturcrzis the =M0n,, 'Mieux nature, friend of good men, whom it ſum qmicus- ſwim," qmſſ leadeth into eternal happineſs. 1 ducatadfelicitak ction-flux. They had come to Diana's. . -, - VenMſu-m ad Diana, Who preached, to day, at St. Qui; concianor hadieafud>_ Gilea's? We ſhall lodgefiat. afgidius SanEZm? Diver the Swan, near St. Andrew's. ſe)- fld ACng'tux, proper 1 fiznctw Andraas. . \ I lOVe a boy of an 'excellent Alma puer ings-nium 50 wit. and good memory. The - Serum'tus et antſimm manam; tonlumeu, ſclix. ſervant of a ﬅubbom-Aſpirit, that does' not obey his maﬅer'sx qui run oUcrua commands, ſhall be beaten. ficrzctlir, vaþuþ. Happy is our natioxi, that; -- Natio noﬅtr ſum ſe. hath a king oſgreat ciemency. lix gus' habeo nx (ſumm That maﬅer hath eaſy work, 'tia ſummu-s. P-Tcſefitfl dle, [la-ben oþ'm ſacilzſix, that teacheth boys of flexible minds and ingenious diſpoſin qui docqo þucr animux lions. flexibilis et ingenium a cutus. ' Ninus enlarged his empire A'zſinus þnfftm imperi as far as the borders of Lydia. um uſque adſin-cs Lydia. Many had rather ſuffer the loſs Wſultus malo ſaciojactu of life, than a good name. To? vita qudmfa'za. Ob Forgetfu-Ineſs is the compan [iuia ſum toeach ebrietas. ion of drunkenneſs. T he_ ,;Imþerium gem ficmþrig government of natinns was at m'om pace: ram firﬅ in kings. Virtue removes the fear of Virtue tallo harormonf death. Naturds laws cannot Natum lex mm ffioffuw be' changed. The ſouls of muta. Art-inns. hamfitm men are immortal; but their immortal-lit ; fed emporw bodies return to duﬅ. is in ffiuh/is redca. Thy brother is a boy of a Fraur tun: ſum ffiuer fine diſpoſition, of the ﬅricteﬅ pro-Am indoſir, filþtrur' virtue, of agraccful mein, and uirtus. Lame-flux ſaticr, handſome perſon. Twice ſev et ſiggzm venuﬅus. B'FJ en nymphs of an excellent jeptem preﬅ'am corpus body. nym La. 'i 'i' 7 The power of honeﬅy is H: honeﬅ-21 fitm mn ſo great, that we love it even hu, nt ditiga ii ev'n/m ſuffi in an enemy. Marcellus en tz't. Marcellux dimica gazed am, 34 A nzw INTRODUCTION 'e gaged with a ſmall body of cum Pan-us manus eyen-s, horſe, and ſlew Virodomarus, et orcido Virodomarur, 'king oſ the Gauls. 'ex Gallus. ' Lampedo, the Lacedemoni Lamþcdo, Lacedamw an, is ſaid to have been the m'us, dicaſun unicusfa only Woman, in any age, who mzna m omm: cava-m, quz was a king's daughter, aking*s ſum re: ſilia, 'ex nxor wiſe and a kin 's mother. at rex matcr. A kindneſs oes not conſiﬅ Bcngſicium non conſiﬅo in that which is done or giv in i: qui ffio aut do, ſed en, but in the intention of the in animm ſacicm out doer and giver. dam. . Numerianus, Carus's ſon, a Numrianusflarurſib' young man of an extraordina us, adolcſtcnr egregiu: ry genius, was taken off by a indoler, orcidaper i'yidz'a plot among the Perſians. aþud Pe'ſcz. Yſſz'bcrinr, Romanu: t'm Tiberius, the Roman empe pcror, was a man of a large parate', ſum vir amlblu: and ﬅrong body, of a ſair com et 'oh/314.: corpur, (undi plection and a graceſul aſpect. du: cular ct honeﬅus fa tter. ' Cicero was a man oſ a mild Cicero ſum vir will) diſpoſition and polite elo ingenium, et camþtu: ſa uence. \ cunda. Deus, qui myſico car [Lo - God, who knoweth man's heart, will puniſh the wicked, mo, punio ſcekflus, qui that tranſgreſs his commands. violo i: [were tum. Cataline was a man of great Catalina m" vir mag vigour, both oſ mind and mu vir, et animur et cor body 3- but of a wicked and pur :ſcd malusþramzſque per-verſe diſpoſition. zngcmum. Julius Caeſar,'the firﬅ Ro julz'u: Caſizr, primus man emperor, was an excel Romanus imperator,ſimt lent orator. cxtmzus arator.. The ſheep, innocent crea Ouis, innoxiur animal, tures, are often torn and de ſzzþc dilaccro et det/arc a voured by the furious wild mbidus, rapax fera [u beaﬅs, the wolves. pus. Whilﬅ theſe things are do Dum hic gera aþud ing at the Helleſpont, Pcrdic Hellgſ ontus, Pcrdicca: cas is ſlain at the river Nile, interſiiia apud flumcn by Seleucu' and Antigonus. Nilur, a Sclcucu: et An. i . They Aia!

_J rnz LATIN LANGUAGI. 35 They ſay, that Marcus Tul Aio, Marcus Tullius lius Cicero, the orator, Was a Cicero, omtor, ſum. mag verygrcat hiloſopher; he ſent nus philq/bphm; mittaſil his ſon arcus to the city in: Marcus ad urbs A Athens to attend Cratip us, a tlmm, ut audia Cratiﬃ very famous teacher, an to be pus, celcber doctor, et in educated by him. ﬅituo ab is. '

.\) A

CHAP. 'Xllc Nouns, that areCompounded with con, govern the Dative. Two Nouns, in Conjunftion', and the latter expreſſing ſome Prapcrty, or Manner, or Reaſhn, belonging to the former, the latter muﬅ be in the Ablative. The NOuns, opus and aſſes, ſignifying Need, gov ern the Ablative, and ſometimes the Geni tive, and always a Dative of the Pe'flm ex - preſſed, or underﬅood. _A Noun, derived from a Verb, often governs a following Verb, in the ſame eaſe, asþthe Verb from which it is derived, would govern. l/TAMVISſi A In) dzfia LTHOUGH I havotwice learned the whole gram grammaiica tatw, ta mar, yet l have need of daily mentidzſianus. habca 0171.: leblio quo reading. A Thou art ignorant, and haﬅ Sumſigndrus, et habeo need of inﬅruction ; but thou 'pus dom-mentum: ſed doﬅ not regard, thou haﬅ mgliga, qua prapter [Id thereforeneed of the rod. bco virga aþus. Give ardon eaſily, becauſe Do uenia ſacz'le, quo thou hax need of pardon thy m'mn oþu: ſum tu ſelf. vema Few ſeek after thoſe things maſiximq Paucus bpuiſm quern ilk. is qui of which they hewe moﬅ med. Flavius _ Having: '36 it xzw INTRODUCTXON To Flavius came to the Roman Flat/in: Romanu: aim "general, and tells him, that he perator utm'o, re: ſin' gu'o had entered upon a great de mtagnm mchoo, quz perfl Iign, to finiſh 'which there (w ipſe Craccku: apcrd would be occaſion for Grac ' oþus ſum. 0hus"saſiiitanc_e. " Againﬅ the Trojans, I do Nun arma Vulcanus not need the arms of Vulcan, agre, non mill: carinaſum nora thouſandſhips. oþus in Tc-ucn'. Now there _is need of Nmtc air igſzu, nunc ﬅrengtb,now of nimble hands, manus nþidus, ommlt now of all the magiﬅerial art. nunc ar: magi ra. P-rzz jE-'ling delays away. , cipito more. Whom the Republic gave Qui tu come: et adju companions with you and aſ tor negotium publicu: do fiﬅants of the 'public buſineſs. reſpul'lica. Thou hadﬅ me the laﬅ com Ego ſuperu: [who ca Jaanion with thy-counſels. me: canſilzum tum. I yield, nor will 1 refuſe to Cedo, ncc m comes u o a companion . with you. chzg'ſia. Ego par-ous [ii iittle Ifilus lhali be a Corn. 'lurſum comes. Quijdus nion with-me.'With whom Adam: to comes. faithful Achatesj ſhall go a companion. - With them Laodomia goes Hic Liadomia ea th 'a companion. )Wifl1 one his mer. Filius hic Pallas, ſon Pallas, with the other A illa mue: eo Achatu. ehates came a companion. gſi Ille ago came: fate' My father ſent me a com anion with him. The mar mitto. Avus came: ſue' tial Romulus ſhall aſſociate Jnauortim addo Rom with his grandſire. ulus. Caeſar, a Trojan by nation. Czſar, Trzjanus m: -By origin, Eneas was the ſon tio. Ortm, ſEncas ſum of Anchiſds. ſilz'u: Anchzﬅr. He was making his return Illeſacio reditz'o domus. home. He made a deliVery Alter ſaci' traditio Po another.

CHAPs

-._--re >-r .w.,v**-<

tun LATl-N LA'NGUAGE. 37

C H A P. XII-I. l -Adjectives,that ex preſs an Affection qſ the Mind govern the Genitive. '__.An Adjective, or._Pronoun, put in the Neuter Gender-Abſolute, may govern a Genitive; Participial ., A djectives, end ing in ans, cus, rue - "and-w, govern the Genix ive THOSE men, that are deſir ' ' QUUW e ous of honour, ought tobe uþidu: honor," debea ſum ﬅudigſut ﬅudious of learning. and good litmz et. . manners. mar bonus. He, who is always mindful _ gun' ſmþerſummnn , of the maﬅer's X commands, is Ju'um preceptor, non not fearful of puniſhment. ſum timidu: fiend. Thou art ignorant of natur 'Su'm ignarus re: nat al things, rude of letters, and uralz'r, rudis Iz'tcrzz, at uncertain of the path of vir inccrtur callirvirtw. 4 tue. The richeſt man, careleſs Dives, imþraaidu: re' _., of-his affairs, is reduced to _ _. poverty ; but a poor man, ſum', Tedz'go ad e'r'wþz'a ; fie' pauþer, provide; res careful of his, obtaineth rich ſum, abtz'neo affir. I es. He, that is of a bold heart' --.frightens his enemy and eſ Qui, ſum audax am' mus, tures inz'micurſuur, capeth danger; and he, that et wade periculum; et is of a daring temper, is a qui ſum audaxz'ngcmſſzim, driVer away oſ cowards. ſum ſugax puſillanimus. Moﬅ men are, ſagacious in their own profit. Fools Pleruſquc ſum ſugar' atz'lita: ſum. Stultus are tenacious enough of their flm ſun's. tenax propoſi own intentions, but not ſo tum ſitur, fid 'hart adt' capable of admonition. Glut raþax admanz'tzſia. Gula tony is apt to conſumean eſ ſum alas:facuI'tater.ſſx 7 tate. M u ch 1) - Mulier 38. A NEW lNTRODUCT'IDN Ye Much labour brings more Multu: labor affen gains. How much ſweat, ſo phu- lucrum. Quantu: much ſweetneſs. He that ſudor, tantu: dulcedo. hath a good ﬅomach, deſires Qui, habea appetitus are', , little ſauce. cupio jmululu: candimn tum. The ſoldiers ſeem to move Mile: ltuc tendo videa ,* this way ; a great deal of ſil plurimu: argcntum fid ver glittcrs on their arms;. gca in arma ; qui calf/a? what is the meaning? What Qui rcsſum 1? is the matter? _ After the battle much gold Pqfl Prwlium; multu: and other riches were found aurum et aliu: opix invo - in the camp of the Perſians. mZo in caﬅ-'a Perſe. As much money as any one Quantus nummu: ut'ſ gue ſerva in arca ſzuus, has in his cheﬅ, ſo much credit has he; and he, that tantusſidc: habeo, et gin' has little money, has little lzabco paululus pecunia, credit. habeo ctiam. paululus ſi des. What news is there in the Ecqz/id naeum ſum in city about Nero P A little be ciuita5_ de Nero ? Sub fore his death, he leaned down mar: dccumboſuþcr lectur, upon a bed, and drank ſome et biba ah'quantu: repi warm water. dus aqua. After I had gone away Ptfflquam dgfiedo a tu, from you, 1 wrote this little cxaro hiſ literula, et cu epiﬅle, and 1 took care to ro vita verbum, quiþqffum avoid the words, that might affiero alz'quis abſcuritas. . occaſion any obſcurity. They have not ſo much Nun tam illa opurſum need of precept as exam le. imþcrium quam exem The boys are now arrive at Plum. Pucr jam perve that age, that they ought to m'o ad artaJ, ut debte ago - behave wiſely. What need is pmdcnter. Qui oþusſum - there of words P verbum P Now there will be need of Nunc ufu: ſum tun: your aſſiﬅance ; for, in a cap apera; nam, in re: cap ital affair, a judge ought to italir, judex dcbco ago act cautiouſiy; and there is caute ; ct caſtus-ſum mag need of great evidence. nus documentum. Courage was the cauſe of Virtur ſum caufiz vic ſhe victory 3 wherefore ſuch toria; itagae i: ſum mule' WIS fi'fli', i

1 j nu LATIN LANGUAGL, 3' was the ſlaughter of the ene [twig ut victor Ramanu: * emy, that the Victorious Ro 'um illa pha aqua quam mans did not drink more wa ſimguir barbaru-J de tru

ter than blood of the barbari enturflumcn. , ans out of the bloody river. / When the old men perceiv Cum ſince: þrgzſzntia 'd the approach of the enemy, inadventu: anguﬅzſiat lzq/I'ir, porta, occurr-o o: they met them in the very en trance of the gates, and an t'eutum air efflctu: atus hundred men oſ an age quite pagno aducrſutquindecim wom out ſought againﬅ liſ milk, tantum animu: leen thouſand ; ſo much cour vireſqut cmg/þect'u: pat age and ﬅrength does the ſight n'a, penatgſguc inſpire. of one's country and home - inſpire. Blaſius was' man capable Blaſiur ſum vir caþax oſ proſound thought, firm in altar mcm, tenax propo his reſolution, deſpiſing death fitum, ſpemax mors et

and avoiding ambition ; he fugax ambitia; ſum ſa ' was a quick diſcerner oſ gax rer, et pertinax rer things, and a ﬅickler for what tum; ſed ſlam pennon: was right; but he was obﬅin im, et edax multur (il-w. ate in wrath anda devourer of The much Emperor's meat. freed manr Imperator liberturſum was a man able to endure cold, home pattens algor et tul and capable of bearing want ; mzns þenuria ; ﬅd ſum but he was afraid of the laſh mclumr flagellum et z'z/b and unacquainted with war; len: bellum ; ſum ſciem he was ſkilled in mufick, ſond muſica, cupiens voluplor, of pleaſure, and a lover of et amanr vmu'm ; zmo wine 3 nay he was greedy of ſum aþþetem Idus, fiticn: raiſe, covetous of ap lauſe, ſama ;jtd aque 'negligent ut equally neglect ul of amicus et inimicus .* Sum friends and enemies : He was tamen ſervanr aequum, et however, moﬅ obſervant of nemaflm reveren: dcu'. juﬅice, and nobody was more revercſul of the gods. The man, whom I men l'ir, Zui memoroſuþm, tioned above, was of a fickle ſum mo ili: ingenium þri temper, at firﬅ he was deſir moſumvarur mzlzſilari: avidus bellum, gloria, aet ous of war, reedy of milita > ry glory, ancſ weary of learn ſaflidiaſu: litcm; ſed ing z mum A new INTRODUCTXON To g' ing *, but after Carthage, that pqflquam Can/lago, m' vied withthecityRome for ma lux urluRo-maþer tot annus, nyyca rs, was deﬅroyed, he was evcrto, ſum cupidus pas' fond of peace, and much tak et ﬅudigſur eloqueutia, en up 'with phyſic. curiaſur medicine. Our general is ſkilled in Nzyie'r duxſum peritus many things, being expert at multur res, gnarur amid, arms, well ſeen in the art Prudent' re: militaris, ex pertur bdlumfflraſfliu: ven military, Verſed in war, fore turum, þravtſidus T<*:futu ſceing what is to come, aware of'things future, well aſſured fur, (crtusſuturus Utfflfll' of what will happen, but un intreþidurþniculumgt in daunted at danger, and not territus Let/zum ; is ſilius' afraid of death; his ſon is ſum dactur lite muſed deci well acquainted with learn li: pravum, ſum cofluttu" ing,isſiſkilled but apt in the to law,learn verſed vice, he in jus, callz'dus 'es ruﬅicur, et mem'- bengicium. country affairs, and mindful' of a good turn. This man is void of learn His homo ſine 'udis' ing, ignorant of philoſophy, litenzſignarus philoſophi'- - unſkilled at arms, ignorant of a, inſtiur arma imþtritus the world, not afraid of the res, hand timidu: dent; tſirffuetus labor, i'zjblitus' gods, unaccuﬅomed to hard ſhips,' not uſed' to ſlavery, ſervitium, impavidtu fearleſs of death, unmindful mors, immemo-r ſort, et of his condition'and regardleſs ﬅcerusfama. Ir um', of his reputation : His wife, ncſciur gcnur, ſum inceſ ignorant of her extraction, is tur animur, dubius can uuﬅaid in her mind,"wavering ſi'liu'm,"ſoliritus et treffiidn' in her reſolutio'ns concerned m ſuus, -ct attain: furii and in pain for her affairs, and tum. perplexed about the theft. The orator defended two Or'ator defende then guilty of parr'icide, and home 'cur parricidiM- , ſuſpected of capital crimes: etſuſþcctur capitalir cri The one had been privy to a mm .- Alter ſum canſci's murder and Concerned in a tude: et noxius conjura conſpiracy, who being evi tio, qui man/Fleſh: ſcdu: dently guilty of the villany, et convictut acinm, con-' and convicted of the crime, demno : After " innomm Was condemned; the other, ſactum, innaxiur corzfilium being innocent of the facts, intent-r in'rcx caþutinﬅm: n'ot' ſwarm'

_.. _ ..*_ 4 m- LATIN LANGUAGE. _4z nottered concerned into againﬅ in the the plot king's en- fratcrnu: camþtrtus mtllu:ſanguir, flagtſi et life, innocent of his brother's tium, abſalva. blood, and found guilty of no crime, was acquitted. Shame and modeﬅy are Pudar et mode/farſw'z weak reﬅraints amongﬅ men' infirmus vinculum ajmd thirﬅing after power and re- hamo auidur patmtia et gardleſs of honour: Accord- flcurur decu: ; Itaquev ingly Domitian proceeded to Domizz'anu: progredz'or huge exceſſes of luﬅ, rage, ad ingen: vitium libido, cruelty, and avarice, and raiſ- iracundia, crudelitas, et ed ſo great a hatred againﬅ avaritz'a, et comilo ten himſelf, that he quite wiped tum odium in ſuz', utþe off the merits of his father nitusabaleomeritumþater and brother. _ ctſratcr. . ' - Veſpaſian,' the emperor, Vſſzaſiaflus, Princepr, was apt not to remember of- immemar offienſa ct fences and quarrels ; he took inimicitia; [miſer ſera patiently the ill language ut- cauvicium dzctur inſuz'a 7 tered againﬅ him by the law- dauſidirus etþhiZ-ffoflzur; yers and philoſophers; and et Galba ſum air non'. Galba was not regardleſs of aþþetens alienur pecunia; ſame, not covetous of other ſed auaru: pecunial _ men's money, but greedy of þublicur, et non pra-fyue the public money, and not ſitur ; Patient amicur et laviſh of his own, could bear '-- libertuſquc, caþax impri with his friends and freed um,ſiuon impero. men, was capable of empire, - '1 had he not governed. but Sylla ſonder was of ſond glory; of pleaſure, he haﬅ- ſuþtar, Syllaſum ﬅd (uþzctdur cuzbz'a'ur glo 1107 ened with his Victorious army ria ; propm cum victor from Aſia; and indeed ſince exercitus ab Aſia ; et Marius had been ſo cruel ſanc quum Maria: ſum againﬅ his friends, how great tam ſerm- in i: amicus, ſeverity was there occaſion quanturſzzvitiaaþusfitm, for, that Sylla might be reat Sylla vindico de Ma 'cnged of Marius P rius .P Moﬅ men are deſirous of Pltrique homo ſum new things. There is much cuþidu: re; Maur. Sum good in friendſhi , much multu: bonuminamiritia, diſchief in diſcor . Cicero multu: main-71 in dſſcor a 2 had dia. ,*ffl_tfifi_____7

412. A n'aWINT'ROD'UCTION-ro had leſs courage than julius die. Cicero halse mimu Cgſar, but he had more han fortitude quam ſatins eﬅy. If thou art conſcious of Caeſar, ſed halse þlur no fault, do not fear. probitas. Si ſum czm'

i ſciu: nullm culþa, ne ti. mea. No one of thoſe, whom Nemo iſle qui divide riches and honours have plac honarque pana in actu: ed in an high eminence, is faﬅigium ſum 'ſect-t. happy. Live mindful of old Vivo mcma-r ſcndctm et age and death, which ſilly man, qui imperitus Put' men think the greateﬅ of all magnus ouni': malum. evils. Sicily at the beginning, Sz'rilia ſum a Princi was the country of the Cy þium patria Cyclaþ: , clops; after they were de þqﬅquam ill: cxtinguo, ﬅroyed, Cocalus ſeized the Cocalus occuþo regnum ' government of the Ifland; inſula, poﬅ qui fingulu': after whom each of the Cities (ivitas cancida in imperi fell under the power of um tymnnus, qui nullut tyrants, in which no country terraſumſerax. was lt everwas morethought fruitful. that Olym-i Credo, Olympus, mea' pias, the wife of Philip, king Philippm, 'rcx Macedo m'a, hortor Pauſamctas ad of Macedon, encouraged Pau ſanias to the Murder of her cede: maritur ſum', et huſband, and that Alexander, Alexander i: ſiliu: 'ton his lcton, was not ignorant of cxto ignarus igfidirz. the plot. All France is divided intq O-mnis Gallia ſitm dis three parts, one of which. the oiſus in par: tm, qui 'Belgae inhabit; another the unur Belga' imdlo, alz'us Aquitani ; the third, they Aquitani; tcrtius, qui' whoare called in their Celtae; own language in, oſiurs, ipſe lingua appella Cellar, noﬅer Galli _: hic or'nm's Galli ; of all theſe the Bclga Bclgzzſumſorti-s. are the braveﬅ.v v - 'The Athenians, as they Athenienſix,ſicuti firil had firﬅ revolted from Alex may deſirio ab Alexander: ander, ſo they firﬅ began to ita primm caþi Penitct, repent changing the contempt vertens (ontemptm ha/tixx ofthe enemy into admiration, in admiratio, extolled' extollingthe youth of Alex þzu'n'tia Alexander, qui' 4 andcr * ſtew an LATIN LAGUAGB. 4' Inder, which they had deſ v ſfflema antcaz/izbra virtue piſed before, above' the brav wtw dam. '- j _; cry of old generals. Garaflius, corzſpiicatua. _ Gordius, ſpying a young. lady of excellent beadty, at virgo cximim pale/Arim the gate of the cit-y, aſked her dv, ad parte' urbr, ſacr which augur he ſhould con contar qui: augur conſu lo i' Cum- intcllz'ga cauſe ſult P When ſhe underﬅood qucﬅzſio, Perifus an, TÞ the cauſe of his enquiries, bein ſkilled in the art, ſhe ſpandco ; ilk ſum rcx, told him, that he ſhould be et polchar ſuiſumflciu' a king, and promiſed, that ſhe vita is et ſþcs. Hic would be the companion of conditia rides pn'rnu: ſ: his liſe and hope. This of licitas regnum. fer ſeemed the chief happi neſs of akingdom, Man,who is a partaker oſrea Homoguifilmparticepa ſon and ſpeech is more excel ﬅam mlio et quamfem, oratz'o, ſum guictſui" bre ' lent than the beaﬅs, who are void of reaſon and ſpeech; expenſ ratio et oratia ,* butthe mind of man has got ſed animus homo ſartior ten reaſon in vain, unleſs he ratio fraflra, ſum is mindful of his duty; 'demn- qfficiumſuur. Cztſar reſolves to take Caeſar conﬅituo Iduco Dumnorix along with him Dumnari-xſuitamnſia, quod mzfco cum isinBri rapi intoBritain ; becauſe he knew him to.be deſirous of change, dus m 'tal/m', am'du: fond of ower, of a great imperium, magmu animu: ſþirit, ancrgreat authority a et magnus buctaritas in inong the Gauls ;though he ter Gallus ; quamvir ilk deſired mightily that he might magnoþori conti'ndo uti ib Galſia relinquo'; ſi þeleft in Gaul. * Titus Sempronius was ſent Titus Sehiþroniur mitto into Sicily with' theſe land in Sicih'a cu'm hit' te'rrg/Zrz" and ſea forces, being ready to maritimuſzue rapid, Paſs over intoAſrica,iſ the oth trarzſmzffcjus in Africa, er Conſul ſhould be ſufficient ſi alter Conſutfimz fim': io keep the enemy from lta arcco hoﬅir ab Italia. - ly. Leſs force was given to Minus- capia do Corneliuſ, Cornelius, becauſe L. Man quid L. Manl'iur Pnetor lius, the Praetor was ſen't milto in Gallia aim hand into Gaul with a conſiderable invalidus prefix-limit. After i army. Dczſi -' ' I

auctw INTRODUCTIONTO '44 After that the Ambaſſadors Dcinde legatus vent" came to Marſeilles, where Meſiiliambi cogmy'co am' they found, that the aﬀections mu: Gallusjam przoccu of the Gauls had already been pa Annibal ; ſed vixſum gained by Annibal ; but that ſatirſidur, aim ſerox (ingeniumſum et indomzcttur) they Would hardly be very faithful to him, (their tem m' animu: þrinceju con per was ſowild and ſavage) cih'o ſubindc aurum, qui unleſs the aﬀections of the gem ſum avidus. great men were ſecured now and then by gold, of which the nation was very greedy.

A CHAP. XlV. Partitives, Numerals, Interrogatives, Compara tives, Superlatives and Adjectives taken Partitively, govern the Genitive Plural. Partitives, &c. often govern the Genitive Singular of Collective Nouns, or Nouns of Multitude. a

HOU haﬅ choſen two LIGOſhciu: duo, qui vone is companions; idle, and the of_which other a alter/um ignavus, al tcrﬅultus, et reddo inca fool, and they will make thee paxﬅudium.. ſi incapable of ﬅudy. It isa difficult thing wheth Sum thfficzſilir, utcr du' er of the two parties I ſhall pan tutor. take. Romulus, who built the Romulus, gun' condo famous city of Rome, was mar celeber Rama, ſum the firﬅ of all the Roman przmus Ttx omnis Roma kings. nur. None of the heathen gods Nullus diuzctnus etlmi delivered his worſhippers. cus libcro cultor ſum. Pyladcs Pylade: 'vnxſiſi LATIN LANGUAG'B'. 47. Pyla'det and Oreﬅes cheriſh- Pylades et Orefles ſave' ed a mutual love; none knows amor 'mutuux ; mmvſci'ff which was the more faithful utciſumſidclis dun. ofthe-twa. * Though thou art ſecond Qumrwis tuſumſccunw tOnone in learning, yet thou du: nullurdoctrina, tm, ſitteﬅ the fourthiafter thy mcnſwlco quartus aſra-o brother, and 'I am firﬅ after ter, et egaſum Primm du' > thee. tu. - Our parents are the next Part'l-t noﬅer ſit" after-God; who ought to be Proxz'mu a Dew: gui ho'noure'd. ' ' debte lumm-a. -Nexlt to him; but ne'xt aſ- 'Proau'mm hie', long-'13 to' a longinterval, salius fol- ſed þ'rom'mm intervallumg; lows: By lot he occupies ifleun-Salim, Son ac-i the-ſpace next to the" light. cuþo ſpatium- proxi-mu They coaﬅ along the ſhores lumm. Prox-z'wms Cir next to the'Circean territory. ccu: rude him term. We ſee the place 'which is Lacw conſhicio guilt-ran;" n'ext td the ocean. immponm. - The'li'on is accounted the Leo habcaſr tum-farthi ſh'on'gefli- and moﬅ' generous tum genngctiesx animal of all living) animals', The manie. Bimus ctſapien' beﬅ and wiſefi: of' men-do Iwmoah'quamla crro; w ſometimes err. , - '> Moﬅ men' are*deſi'roux ofn P-Ierique Waſ-mus new * things. None' of thoſe þidus re; novus. Nemot whom you ſee clothed - in' iſle qui video Purpu-'atuc ſcarlet, are happy. ſumſcli:.- ' - Auguſtus after the civil'- Auguflns, civilir war, neither in- hivharangues- Adam, net in'concio,-no-' nor inhis ediEEs' cal-led any querþe'r-edictum aþþflffi Slit "le military-'ifelbw ſet-'- ullws mile: cmmilztae' * ier. -' Alexander" engaged with' Achtandct congredio' nbne of his enemies, whom cum-nullus Ice/list, qui' m'- * . he did not conquer, ahd laid' vinco; e't obſidco nulltu fifge to no town, which he urfis, qui non exPugno. d1d not take. 'Spain was invaded by the. Hzſpamſieol/Zdeaa'RJ-r omans before it knew itſelf, manus, anteguam-cognſſ and alone of all the provincea' caſui etfllz'n 'emnsz-pro underﬅood 'imz'q I 45 A In' XNTRODUCTION 1' underﬅood its own ﬅrength vincia intellz'goſuu: ei'n after it was conquered. p a ſguis uam mirar mnco. hofli: cede I XVho will wonder, that the enemy gave way i' When Quum alter Can/uſ ju one of the Conſuls or beo ſuus fliur, quamvis dered his own ſon, though victor, made, quid þugz" victorious, to be ſlain, becauſe contra imþcrium. he had fought contrary to or ders. What every one of your Qui: quiſque 'um nt' friends may have written to qffmiu: ſcriba ad buye the general concerning theſe mtur de Izic dua v'r, ne two men,-I knownot; but ſu'o ; ſed mutcr i: ſum neither of them is much to be valdc reþnhmdendu: _.* blamed; the reﬅ of the ſol reliquu: miles ſum eziam diers were alſo in the fault, 1' u culpa, et nemo egoſun and none of us is innocent. mnocuus. This man entertains a Hic vir extipio hq/þc: ﬅranger more handſomely v'legamcr quam utcrvi: than either of you ; come, ſays tu, aut quſſzuam amicm he, here are eggs, hens, ap weﬅer; agitc, inquam. hit', ples, and nuts; ſome of the ſum ovumgaflina, pomum applesare mellow 3 oſ the eggs et nux _.* quidam pommn ſome are long, ſome round; ſum mitis ; ovum alz'u: chooſe either of them you ſum ablongur, aliu: ratun pleaſe, for both of them are rius, Cligo utcrlibct hie ; good. num uterque isſum barnes. Jhe Centurion, being ſur Centurio, circumventu: rounded by the enemy, was ab hoﬅis, veajbr in mag in great danger; but the chief nus Periculum _: ſed pra of his friends, the choice of ciþuus micur, lectusju the young men, and the light Penis, et exþcditur miles, armed of the ſoldiers, came concurro in auxilium. running up to his relief. The younger of the bees go Adole an; aþi: exco ad abroad to their work, the oþus, enex operor intus. more elderly labour within. erceoIra llCtif/Zu! diligcutzcta mortali: ; agoſin: ex Thus the moﬅ ancient oſ mortals practiſed induﬅry ; ſcclur, eyne ſine pana, the lived without a crime, ncc aþur um premium. and, therefore without pun iſhment, nor was there need 'ſ rewards. 'Who Qui' 'as LATIN LANCUAGE. 47 ' Who of mortals can endure Qui; mortati: ffitfflflm regal pride i' Wherefore Tar tokro rcgalis ſuþerbia 5' 'quin, the ſeventh and laﬅ Itaque Tarquinu: opti mu: atque ultzſimm omae king of'the Romans, was - driven into baniſhment; and 'tus wex, ago in exilium, fcarce two or three of his well et vix dun aut trerfautor wiſhers were left in the ci relmguo in um. l yAfter . Sylla came over r to Poﬅquam Sylla vent" 'Africa and to the camp of in Africa atque in caflra Marius with the horſe, Martyr cum egm'tatur, though raw before and un guamvi: rudir amea e' acquainted with war, he ſoon ignarur bellum, breaſtſ' became the moﬅ accampliſhed ſolch mnir. Sed quo of all. But what one of a tuſquiſque magmu dint thouſand of great generals is jumſclix s? happy P _ he tyrants are conquered Drannw m'mto, et in and fly back to the city. Af urb: rgſugio. Ptffi hit ter this they begged affiﬅ Peto auxilium a Laceda ance of the Laccdemonians. moniur. Bellum redin ,The war is renewed; five tegro ; quingenti Laceda hundred of the Lacedemoni mam'u: intcrſicio in preli * ans are flain in the battle; um _: Critta: et Hippol Critias and Hip olochus, the oc/mr, omnir tyrammr moﬅ cruel of alſthe tyrants, ſzzvur, cado. Sed qui/ fall. But who amongﬅ men, quam home, qui/va dear, or which of the gods, bewail lugeo man P ed their death P Many of the ſoldiers were Multu: mile: exdculor kiſſing the hands and feet of manus ac per Otlzo, um' Otho, and calling him the on ctzſque impcrator predi ly Emperor, whilﬅ, in the co dum, intcrim, Vitelli- ' mean time, Vitellus, ignorant ur, 'lit/till! victoria ; tra of- the victory, was draw lza re iquur aim Germa ing together the remaining m'cus exercitur ; þkrique ﬅrength of the German army ; milerflm in iter ; fand' moﬅ of the ſoldiers were on tantum veteranus relin theirmarch, a few only ofthe gua in hibcrna. veterans were left in the win ter quarters. Of Caſar's men not above Caſhr mile: 'on impli twenty Were miffing, buthi: u: vigi'm' ſum dgſidna. I ſuit

48 ANIW I'NTRODUCTION a' the caſtle there were none oſ 'eaſed in caﬁcllum nen' the ſoldiers but were wound- miles. omnino ſum quit' ed, four .oſ the centurions vulnero, quatuo'centun'o loﬅ their eyes, thirty thou- am-itto occulus, 3o,ooo. land arrows were ſhot into ſagitta car 'icio in caﬅel she caﬅle by the enemy, and lum ab lie/lie, et inſcu in the ſhield of Scieva, the tum Scar/a centuria inu centurion, were found two m'a 230fomme1'. .-]1undted and thirty holes. v ..The moﬅ excellent man Prcﬅom noﬅer rinds: of our city-was, killed in bat- inte-rſicio in preliumſnm wile. -Thou- art one of the --nymþhaſanguism ,.l_>l.eod-of the nymphs:

nt'- r ,. , Zﬁ=ſi T"

CHAP. XV.

'Adjectives'that Prqfitor ,Diſhrqflt, ſignify Meetnes Likene s or or Umneetnqſsſ, Unlikcms Pleaſitre-or Diſpleafirrc, Relation, Friendſ/tip, V v1Hotred, Due Submz'fflon, Fervour, Rrfiﬅancz, szifflculty, rzſſ or belonging to anything', govern theDative. .Adjectives that imply Motion, demcy, or Fitne/irfor any thing, admit ad before the NQun in. the AccuſatiVe,on which the Fit ,mſs falls. Participial Adjectives, ending in bilz's and dus, and all Paffive Participles commonly govern the Dative.

'VlRTUE is pleaſant to the VIRTUS ſumjuctmdur righteous, profitable to juﬅur, utilis omnz'x m' all that love it, and not dil'go is ct non inutzli: unprofitable to any. ullus. He that denies the fault, Qui denego culþo qui that he had committed, is a patre, ſum mendax, liar -'er LATm LANGUAGE. 49 liar, and too much like the et m'mz's fimilis diabo devil. ' - >.. lus. * A'loud noiſe is inconvenient Strepitu: ſwarm. ſum "forlearners,-it is prejudicial incommndus dzfiem, ſum to ﬅudy, but a ſilent ſchool is noxiwﬅudium;_ſcdjbhq-' very helpſul both to- maﬅer la tacitus valdeſum ame, and ſcholars. , dz'an'r tum prmcþtar tum diſczþulus. Death is common 't to me Mars ſum commune) and thee, to men and Women, ega cum tu, air cum fa to old and young; the grave mina,ſemx cumjuvmis g is a houſe common to all crea fipulclnum ſum domus tures. r cammunis Canſaſientia amimal immuni: amuis._ a A conſcience, free from guilt, laughs at falſe accu-ſers ; nati-as, irrideo calumnia but fear is proper to guilty tar; ſed timor ſum praa perſons. ' prius conſcz'u: ctimen; Glory ſurviveth good men Glon'a ſum ſuþcrﬅes after death; death taketh not barme paﬅ mors; mors their That crown ſervant away. is not ifit for non auſno corona is. s Serous zﬅe non flm me, who is unfit for buſineſs; aþtur cgo; qui ſum in but he only is convenient for eþtur ad negotium ; very me, that hath ſtrength and I'lleſhlnrſum idomus ega, underﬅanding 'ſit for work. qui habco virc: et intellec tu: Qui þromþtw froclzctvi: nd labor. ac! The man, who is forward to vice, is expoſed to the dev oitz'um, ſum expaſitus ad il's temptations, which enc tentatzcto Diabalus, gui in my of mankind has been long .imicur genus humanw accuﬅomed to miſchief, and fmz qffiuctus diu ad ma rejoiceth to find a man inclin- and-ma:Zur, gaudeo þronu: que ad invcm'o imþzcte- ' ed to impiety. tas. i - .: That knotty piece of wood Lignum iﬅc mode/its can be entered by no Wedge. ſum penetrabzlir cur/um Our deliverers ought al mdlu: ſerrew. Liberq ways to be gratefully remem tor mfflcrſumſmþct me bered by Us, who have receiv morandus grate ega, qui ed our ſafety from their hands. nusarcipio iſle. incalumita: , a ma ſſ Nothing is ſo like death as Ni/zil ſum tum ſimilz's ſleep. ls there any thing MOTJqMVZvſuHMUZJ. ſin E - more _ um i. NNW

Be A mw INTROÞIUCTI'o-N To more like madneſs than anger. ſum quidquam fimz'lzſi: in There is ſomething like. un ſania quam ira. Sum ' idcrﬅanding in brutes. Noth guidguamſimilis men: in ing is more uſeſul to man, brutum.hſiJ home, A'i/zzl quam ſum ﬅudzctum utzſi than the ﬅudy of good 'let ters. Lonu: litant'. r- v-Mallow-s are wholeſome for Malva ſum, ſaluber the body, uſeſul 'o the ſick, corpus, utz'h': ager, et "hurtſuho no man', but ſome peſizſer-nenza ;ſcd quidam Medicines are unprofi-table to medicasmntum ſum inuþzſi the phyſician himſelf, deﬅruc li: mca'icus ipſe, pernicio Itive-to health, and pernicious ſu: valetudo, et exitigfu: 1-0 the patient. agrotur. ' The victory, which Caeſar Vectonſia, qui Caffizr ad obtained in the plains oſ Phar dþiſcor in camþus Phar J-alia, was baneſul to his coun ſalz'a, ſum calrzm'tq/ZL: try, deflzructive -t-o the Com þatritz, damnoſus Reſ monwealth, pernicious to 'the publica, exitiaþilz's Ro Roman name, fatal tothecity, manu: nomen, ſunuﬅus anddiſma-l to human kind. urbr, ct dirw lzumanu: genus. , Fortune is ever kind to you I, Fortuna Jflmþer ſum my trade is profitable to me ; benignus tu; meu: are -the ﬅars are heneficial to mar fitmfructuqſw ago; ﬅd. iners; we ſhall looſe ſrom Lhe [aſum commodu: nauta ; harbour tomorrow ; may it be ſalt/me parties cra: ; qui lucky, fortunate, and happy bonm, fauﬅu:,felixque 10 us all. ſum cga omnii. My colleague is delightſul flleu: college: ſumju -to his friends, agreeable to his (undus amicus, acceþtus acompanvions, acceptable to all, comes, gralw us omuu, et and unplcaſant to nobody; injurundus ncma ;ſinc is, without him, and without the et me ﬅudium literc vi< ﬅudy oſ letters, liſe itſelf ta ſorcm in uavis 'Would be taﬅeleſs to me. egau Dew on the tender-graſs is Ror in tencr gramcn agreeable to cattle ; and ſleep m'r ſum grants dulri: þerur, viaſitor; etſom is agreeable to a_,t-ra-veller; a ' burden is irkſome 10 afluggiſh enus ſum ingmtus P' cr aſs, and labour troubleſome to qſinus, et [abar molzzuus isa laz ſoZrPto erſon; the taﬅe,an unri 2]le e Zvirlid ra e zgnavur ; z'mmaturw um: ſum acc'rbur guﬅus, et is a ſad thing fouhe trees. venturſum wiﬅe arbar. > ' * Be * ZS'um 'rue LATIvN LA-NCUAGE. me, Be thou juﬅ to all, kind to Sum tu aquus omni:,. all, intimate with few, ſawn- benevolu: cunctus,famili ing to none, true to your lord; arix palm', blandur nul faithſul to your maﬅer, gen- lunſidus dominus,fidclin tle to your petitioner, merci- heru:,lem'sprecanr, mitis: fulv to enemies, and unjuﬅ to hoflir, et iniquus ncmo .'3 nobody ; thus you will' be ſic ſum corn; omnis, et dear Nero to all', at firﬅ and was hated friendly by none. to odicffur. Nero. nulluſ. þrzſimo ſum. ami good men and addicted to the out bonur et deditux ﬅu ﬅudy oſthe muſes; but the dium muſa ;ſed Eſſcrio' latter part of his liſe was Con- pan vita/inn contrauers. .t>rary to the ſormer; for now prior ; nam jam ſhm kiſ withhe was thoſe harſh thatadviied to, and' angry him ; ſeﬅus [ger et a; iratus zſinfwſſur mom'tor, huma ip fſi-piteſulv and enraged againﬅ: nusgenur,inim£czts omnis, mankind, an enemy to all, inuffu: clear, et multus hated by the gods, and many ſit-m advcz-ſur ille. .> things were croſs to him. ' The arguments concerning Argumentum de prior the former pyramids aþpear Pyramis oideo oþ/curus dark to ſome, doubtſul to oth- quidam, dubius aliur, ce ers, and clear to ſew; but perſþz'cuus paucizattm the three remaining pyramids, reliquus Pyramuſ/tra: in being ſituated-on a hill, are mony, coþ þicuuz viſible to ſailors and* known 'lauta-et-notu: omnia. to all the world. - In Africa the places that In Africa loru: qui are nextvto our ſea,nigh to Car- ſumrþroximus noﬅer ma thage, or near to Mauritania, 'rtfijzropinquus Carthage, are very fertile, but the places. aut t-z'cinu: Mauritania, bordering on Numidia, and ſum femx, ﬅd locus fi nearer to the ſoorching heats, 'nitimur Numidia et proa. are more barren.._ pior ardor, ſum magis * flerilzſſr. Deceney is adapted to the Decor ſans- accommoz nature of things; thus ſome datu: natum reuſic quit colours are proper for mourn- dam color-ſum (one nienr ers, and others quite improp- luctus, ct aliur prorſus er-ſor this purpoſe ; the morn- ineþtur hic TCJ' _: aurom ing is ſriendly to the muſes ſum amicus migſa, et apt and-fit for ﬅudy; a town fit'- turfludium ; urlsoþpqfl uatedxon a ſhore is convenient. ilu: lilw ſum idoneut for trade 3 but without walls - commercium s. it 52 A tuw INTRODUCTION To it will be expoſed to the ene tommcrcium; fidſine inw my. ruJ Nzhilſuw opþw tuum dzſifficihs hoﬅis. aut Nothing is difficult or hard to a brave man; to him no arduur uirſarti: ; is mal place is dangerous, no battle Iur 10qu qþericulzzſus; terrible, no ſea unpaſſable; nullu: Frm/lum grants, all hardſhips are eaſy and light nullu: man invius ; om to ſuch a man: Yet his mind m's laborſicmfacilir et Ic is always diſpoſed to peace, m': talir m'r .* Tamen an but ready and prepared for imu: ſumflmper proud. war. pax, ſed promptur et fa ratus belly-m. The poet married a wiſe Poeta duce uxar argue equal in age, and every way a mzr, et omnimodo purſui; match for him; ſhe was like ſum zmilir matcr; iabi her mother, her lips rivalled um um ame-du: raſa ; et the roſes; and as a matron is queut matranaſum diſcalor meretrzctx, diſþar atita diverſe and different from a ſum diffimzſihſisſhror .' Sed firumpet, ſo ſhe was unlike her ſiﬅer: But there is a fault ſum vitium diverſu: hic different from this fault', her vitium ; animus ſum ale; ſpirit was unſuitahle and une enw et in; ar fortune g qualto herfortune; ſometime-s nonnunquam ſum di cors ſhe was inconſiﬅent with her ſui; nunc mo-rtuus ſum ; iLlſ; now ſhe is dead; death mar: ſum communir om is common to every age. nir ztas. Heaven is allied to earth, Calum ſum (ognatns nature is ever conſiﬅent with tchus, naturaſcmþerſum itſelf, and men's fortune is a conco-rr ſin', et lwmo ſor greeable to their manners: tuna ſum cmgfin/ancu: Thus the ſavage people bord fi-nis ma: : Aſif/ziaþia Sicfcru: ſum nat-ia ſub can ering on Ethiopia are ſub ject to ſad flavery, expoſed to jectm triﬅis ſenitz'um, many hardſhips; and yet, if obnoxiu: multus injuria .* you conſider their ﬅrength, (t tamen, ſi ſpecto vircr, 'they are inferior to none of ſumſccundmmullurfinit the neighbouring nations. imus gem. A good man is affectionate Bomu ſum pim- in towards his parents, beneficent þarenr, beneſicus in Pro to his relations, benevolent to pinquur, benevolus er a his friends, grateful to his amicus, gratus advcr a: well wiſhers, well affefled to ſautor, bane animatm- in wards good men, kind to all, Janus, benigwu: crga one. injurious I * A

.z_'L i THE L' A TTN' L A N'G U A G'EZ' 53: injurious to none, harſh to no-* mit, injuriqſur in nullus, ' body, and hot 'cruel 'nor ſevere cruddtſi:acerbus nccſa-vus in ncmo, in 11:un [ty/7 -' to an enemy. , This fellow is good ſor tu'. nothing, bUt his brother is t Hz'c hmvſumutili: ad; goodſor m_any things; his Hull-r; 'en/&dſraterſum ſhoes are tightand meet for idaneu: ad multu: rein-3 his feet, his clothes are light calceurſum-habz'lis eſit ap-y and convenient for running, tus ad pcs, veﬅuſum leu-= and the ground is proper for is et commodur ad cur/"us, Lh'at purpoſe. e' (acur ſum.0pþ_artunus ad is rcrc. , The general is ſlow to pun Duxſitmþig'or ad pan iſh'ment, ſwift to rewards, mz, velax ad premium, b'ent'on war; his ſon too is a þrmþtus ad brllum Milia lert for battle, and not back us quoque ſum cclcr m Ward to danger; but his mind' _þugna -; et fraud ignavus' is prone to cruelty, inclined ad perirulufli; ſed muſi to vice, and diſpoſed to anyj mu: þhZCCþJ ſigm in cru wickedneſs._ dc'ſitas, prope'gſu: ad vi-zv tium, et Paratus ad om- m's mſarr. * Death, whoſe' path? muﬅ" Mars, qui biaſu'mſzmcli once be trodden by all, is ter cal andux 01nnis,ſumter_* rible to the wicked, with ribible malu'r, cum qui -e'i-r_ whoſe life all good 'things are ſdd- m omni: optabeſi-hſis bonus damn, extenguo qui" fl extinguiſhed; but deſirable to good men, whoſe praiſe lau: non þrȝffum-emorior; cannot die, and whoſe minds et qui men: ſum (onſrius are conſcious to them ſelves of ſui rectum. Imz'tor igzſiſi integrity: L'et us" therefore im- vita þmzus, qui/inn imitate the life of> good men, nant: gloria, liest ſaþe' _ who are born for-glory, though ſum-dqſpectur malura t they be oſtcn deſpiſed by the wicked. Liberty is equally deſirable Lt'be'rtasſu-'m aque oþs to the gond and to the bad, to tabilix [mnin- et malux, the brave and to the daﬅardly: ﬅfi'nuur et I'gnauusv: Ita Wherefore Appuleius did not qur Aþþuluius 'non (leſſ/to ceaſe to maintain the laws 0ſ* a Cro Gracc/zianur lex, the Gracchi; ſo much ſoirit tzzutum animm Maria: did'MariUS inſpire, who had A do, quiſ-mperſum inimz eycr; been anenemy - to the cus nobilitan At: Tibt- ſi Pa. nobilityz n'aſ ab A new lNTRODUCTION To nobility. But Tiberius refuſ rius recufl aþþellatio [m ed the title of father of his ter patria, ne poﬅea in country, leﬅ afterwards he vem'o impar ran-tus honor. ſhould be found unequal to ſo, great an honour. , Subnſius, tribunus, in Subrius, the tribune, being aſked by Nero, why he had terrogatus a Nero, cur not diſcovered the conſpira non pateſacio conjuratio 1? rg/þondco, quta odi tu, cy i' replied, becauſe I hated 'nec qui/ſſquam miles, in you, nor was any of the ſold iers, quoth he, more faithful guam,ſumfidclis tu quam to you than l, whilﬅ you de ego, dum mer-to ame: ſerved to be loved 3 I began to cept' odi, poﬅquam exzﬅo parricida mater et uxor, _ hate you after you became a aurz'ga, hsctfln'o, et incen murderer of your mother, and of your wife *, a charioteer, a damn. comedian, and an incendia r '. >The Romans were now ſo Romanu: jane ſum. a upowerful, that they were a deo validus, et ſum par match for any oſ the ſorcign quzlibet externus gan: : nations. Wherefore the. Con Itaque Conſulparo copiee, ſul provides forces, arms, and arma, et alius necgffarius other things neceſſary for the þellum diligenter ; nec c war very induﬅrioufly; nor nentu: bellum ſum aliur, was the event of the war any quam aþþaratus ſum; other than the preparation quart Antioc/zur fuge, et had been; wherefore Antio-ſſ cogoſugio in Aſia. hus was routed and forced to fly into Italy. Nor was fortune more fav 'Nec firm ſortuna be ourable to the flying Gauls ; nignu: fugiens Gallus ; but continual ſhowers, froﬅ ſed et mſix, affiduus laffituda imber, etſamer, gelu and ſnow, fatigue and famine, conſumed the ,- miſerable re obtcro maye' 'rrl'iq-uz'ce hic mains of this-'unhappy war. infclix bellum. Genrv The people and nations, too, quoque et natio Per qui throngh whom they marched, habeo iter, ſector palarzs followed the ſcattcred Gauls, Gallus', et accido magmu , and ſlaughtered vaﬅ numbers ZJ numcrus. _ of them. After the death oſ the king, Po/Z mar: rex, Alex. the Alexandrians ſent ambaſ andrianus 'mitto legem: _ ſadors 94 .-. I'll-t LATIN LA N G U A G' E. 2. 33 ſadors to the Romans, intreat ad Romulus, oranr u' ing that they would under fog/Zzþio tutcla pupdlur, take the guardianſhip of the et mea-r regnum Egyp child, and defend the king tus, qui dice Philz'þþus et dom of Egypt, which they Antiochus divido inter ſaid Philip and Antiochus had ſui. Hic Icgatz'o ſum divided betwixt them. This grew: Romanw. embaſſy was very acceptable to the Romans. - Ptolemy was as ridiculous Ptalzzmeur ſum tam to the Romans as he was cru ridiculu: Romanur, quemv el to his own ſubjects. His ſum amentur dais firm. countenance was deformed, Vultus ſum dgforrmſit,v his ﬅature ſhort, his belly ſimilzſis nen-ter prominul'ur, bellua quam 'nt/inn. home. hanging out, that he was more like a beaﬅ than a man. He Arcgffa ſiliu: a Cyrnta, ſent for his ſon from Cyren'e, et intciyſa'o illa, m Alein. _ and ſlew him, leſt the Alex andriamu crea vex, . king.andrians ſi ſhould make him _ . A.

After Alexander had diſ dzctmictto Paﬅquum miles, jam Alexander þrpx miſſed his ſoldiers, being now near his death, he aſked his imus 'mar-s, þercantor am friends ﬅanding about him, icu: circumﬅam, num ex. whether they thought, that' zﬅimo, ſue' Poffum imo-'tie they could find a king like rexſimih'r ſui P Cunflu: him? They all held their uſiatacro. is, fid Turn ſui- dicoſui pry/ſhirts neſ tongues. Then he ſaid, that he knew not that; but that guantum ſanguir fund he ſoreſaw how much blood z'n is certamen. Macedonia would ſhed in . A that conteſt. Nor did the friends of Al Nec mm'cm Alexander exander without reaſon ex fruﬅra regn-um txſþecta; pect his kingdom: For they nam ſum vir is virtur ac were men of ſuch valour and veneratia, nt ſinguh' i: dignity, that you would have rex puta. Nunquamſui thought every one of them par reþnia, ſi non into' kings. Never would they ſui concurro; 'nuing/'que have found any equal to them Maccdonia, bin-o unus, ſelves, iſ they had not claſh-ed Alexander ha so, niſiſor among themſelves; and Ma tum ccdonia would have' had many ' Alcxandcrs, '-i '35 A new INTRODUCTXON-ra Alexanders, for one, had not tu'ta is in mutuur pernic fortune armed them forv their cic: armo mutual deﬅruction.

CſiAP. XVL Adjectives, expreſſmgLength, Breadth, Height, Depth, Thic/meſi and Diﬂancc, govern the Noun following them, in the Accuſative. Adjectives, importingthe Meaſure, or Degree, in which one thing excels another, govern, the Ablative of the word, ſignifying the; Meaſure or Degree of exceſs.

Y book is two inches IBER'mcur ſum n'aſ-' thick. A well forty ſiuffiallcx duo. Pu feet: deep, giveth not good teu: prrſuudu: per qua water, if the ſpringsbebad. 6onuJ,-ſta'mginta nonhabea-ſcatunſiga emitro aqua maſush - The walls oſ Babylon, a Muru: Babylon, who city- of Chaldea, were two Chaldea, ſum altux Per hundred feet high ; ſome write ducenti _.* nonnullur ſcriw they: werethree hundred ſect 50 iqum altu: þcs tremi high, and ſeventy- feet thick. ti-,-. craffux. ſcjatuaginta qumquc. A walk, a hundred yards Amþulac-'um langus vir long, and fix yards broad, that ga centum, latu: virga hath trees- plantedion each ſex, qui habeo arborſatus ſide, is pleaſant for thoſe,-that utrinque, ſum jucundusr Would recreate themſelvesn. il, quz 'valo ncnaſui, Ut/w: et lip/"zialtcr, fiZJ Othos and E hialtes, the zſizu Alma cl- Hr'þ/zimcdc, ſons oſ Alous an Hiphimede, the daughter of Neptu-ne, grew fill'd Neptunus, creſcoſin e-Very month nine inches : gulu: menſis not-ent dzgi Wherefore when they were tur; quarc (um ſum m: nine-years.old,. they. endeav tuxmovem annur, canon oured to climb up into heav qſ-cendo in calum. Cfla * Rome - Roma, 'rue LATlN LANGUTAGIL. 57 Rome, which was, in the Rome, qui timjm: 'ut time of the old Romans, miſ tm Romunusſum domim' treſs of the world, and w*as win), net voco arm-runv called the eternal city, is diſ gar-be, abſumz- quindecim tant fifteen miles from the ſea milk (lqffus a mare Thuſ of Tuſcany, which the Ro cia, qui Romanur olim mans formerly called Mare, aþþectcto Man Inſerum. Inferum. Tyber is diſtant Tybur diﬅa a Roma vin twenty miles from Rome, to ginti pqffus vcvſus the north and eaﬅ. tentrw et omen:- - Pono caﬅra ſexmi-Zle He 'pitched his camp, fix þqffusab haﬅen Amuct' miles from the enemy. Anni bal was, at that time, three bal, is tmþus, alffum 'n'is days journey from Tarentum. &riduum. a Tarcntum. 1 This garden is a hundred Hic hortusſum anthem feet long, and ſixty broad ; þe; Iongus, et ſexjagi'nt' here are three beds ſet w'ith latm ; his ſum tm are' lettuce, every one of which ist conſitus Iact'ua, qui ſin three feet broad, and five feet guli fims tus Per late-a, long; but that which pleaſes et ye; quinque longusjſed me beﬅ, is a bed of a foot qui þlaceo ago maxime, high, upon which L lit and ſwm great, pas Imm- alms, read the old poets. canſitur henba, ſuþer qui fldeo et lago vetu: poets , \ cum magnus voluþtar. This wall is five feet ſix >Hic mace-riaſum quin inches high, and three hund que þaſex digzct-tu: alms, red cubits long ; and theſe et trecenti cubitus [augur _: trees are twenty feet long, and at lu'c arbo-r ſum viginti two feet round. pcs longus, et duo per crqffiug ln this climate, about the In In'c trdctus, circa day of the equinoxfa gno dies' aequinoctium, gnomon mon, ſeven feet high, caﬅs a ſeþtem þea alms, redde ſhadow not,v above four feet umbm non ampliu: qual long. ._ - 3 uorþes longus. Tell in what country the Dico qui in ten-aſha expanſe of heaVen does not tium calum non Patw extend above three ells, and amþliur he: ulna, ctſum thou ſhalt be the great Apol magnur Apollo. *' lo. The wall is ſix feet higher Murusſumſcx (m al than the rock, and the turrets tu: guam rujiex, et tun-i: - are ſum

58 ANEW I'NTRODUCTlON'ro ſum dent' pesſi altu: quam are 'ten feet higher than the wall. murus. lam two feet taller than Ego ſum duo per lan ou, and you are a foot and a gus quam tu, ct tu ſum half taller than my brother. ﬅſqui/zer (augur guam meusſratcr. The ſun is many times big Sol ſum multu: pan ger than the earth, and the major quam terra, (t ter earth is many times. bigger m ſum multu: Pan ma than the moon. jor quam luna. By how much greater the Quantum majar fire/i battle was, by ſo much more um ſum, tantum clarior famous was the victory of ſum victoyia Canon ; La Conon; the Lacedemonians, redwmanius, victus, fuge mþeſſo. Morþus avaru: being conquered, take to 'oixjizm medicabzctlis ; nam flight. The diſeaſe of the eovetous man is ſ-'carcely cut 'quod pin: habco, id Flux able; for the more he has, the cupzo. more he deſires. It is much morclaborious Sun: multum afcnffiar to conquer one's ſelf, than an ſupero ſui-ijzfl (luſt-m. luſ enemy; but the more difficult tis; ſed quod quidſum any thing, the more honoura 'difficilior, Iwc finer/arte' ble. it is. ſum. This condition was ſo much Hiſ conditia flm tan the more grievaus to them; tum amarur w, quantum by how much it was the later; ſum ſeriov ; nmn antea ſranga, in Delphrſicur field' for formerly they had-quelled, in-theDelphic war, the fury ribzſilz':lum, violenlia et Aſia etGallus, Italia ter of the Gauls, terrible both to Afia and Italy. -'\'* The exploits oſ' the Athe Rer geﬅus Athenienfi: nians were great and*glori0us ſum/atiramffilu: et mag enough; but yet ſomewhat niſicuy, venom tamen ali leſs than they are repreſented; quantum minor qualm ſe - but becauſetheirwriters were ro ; fist quit; auctor ſum -men oſ'lgr'eat parts and elo homo magnum ingenium et quence, the actions of the ſarundia,ſa&um Atheni Athenians are celebrated cn zs celebro þcr tow:- or through. the whole World for þirpro maximur. the greateﬅ.

a .( CHAPL. 'He LATXN L'ANG'UAGE. x. 59 xvn; ſi - 5 CHAP.' 1' A

ESPRINKLED fillets withſigore andabout black his PERFUSUS ſhnics vit ta agerque veuenum; poiſon. - . I was aﬅoniſhed, oppreſſed Tum vcro ancrp: men: as to my mind with. dubious formido þreffics aþflupco, "fear, my locks ﬅood erect; and ﬅa coma, et voxſaux he my voice clave to my jaws. rco. ' thy Thou locks, muﬅ hidſiwith be covered a purple as to Purþurcu: vela come adapertu: amictw. ' 'veiL O happy, on accoung ofthe . 0 fortunalus, þieta: picty of thy ſon. fliuJ'. , Before [he altarsz we are ' Caput ante am Phry £overed with a Phrygian vcﬅ-_ gius vela amictw. i . ment about our heads. Girded with painted lace, Sidonia þectus clzla around the Sidonian cloak. myx circundalux IfmbuL. Croaning much, 'and ſhak Multu: gemem, que en in his mind, on account of animus labgfaflu: amorm love. Juno, not. Yet ſatia'cd as to funo, nandum exple her old indignation, ſent tu: vetux indignatio, di ,down lris from heaven. mitto In) e mlum. Here firſt he places. four Quatuar lu'c þrimum bullocks black as to their mgmm tergum juvencu: back s. conﬅituo. _ Mad diſcord, inſol-ded with Diſco'da dcmem, vi bloody fillets, as to her Vipe þcreus crinis, vitta innoc rous hair. - u: crucntut. He rejoiced on account of Letorterraſui nomen. the land of his own name. There W-asa laurel in the Laurusſum tcctum m! middle of the houſe, ſacred dz'zu, ſacer cama. as to its boughs. ſi Dun . Each

o. A. '

'O A maw INTRODUCTION 1" \ Each one brandiſhes two Duo qui/quc coruſc' Alpine ſpears, in his hand, gaſum manur, cutumpro covered as to his body with tectu: corþu: langus. long ſhields.

I m C_HAP. XVIII. Adjectives of the Comparative degree, govern the Ablative, when guam is omitted, in Lat. in. When quem is expreſſed, the Noun, or Pro noun,native that toctſome follows Verb it, underﬅood, is either in orthe is Nomi in one of the oblique Caſes, and governed by ſome word underﬅood.

Y father is richer vthan ATER man: ſum o yours, and lſhall have fmlcntu: tuur, et ha agreater portion than you ; ſed bea do: tamen magnur cuþzſio quam virtue, tu ; but yet I deſire virtue which is ſi Thatbetter man, than riches.that has a vgood gui firm bonus divitizt. Qui habeo conſcientia conſcience, is more ſafe than 50nus, ſum tutus 'ar-5; mumſi/u: ; mem emſimfi a ſortificd city; for a ſerene mind will ſuﬅain more ﬅorms 'renus ſuﬅinto multus op than the ſtrongeﬅ fortiſiu pugnatzo guam an: mu tion. - mtus. Nero was the moﬅ deprav Nero ſum þmvu: Im ed of all, the Roman Empe þemtornullur ſum omnia" amſimu: Romanus 'magic _, rors; none was of a more cru inhumanur guam zſille ; el diſpoſition than he, nor committed greater crimes than nec patrofacinus 'magnm ', he. quem ill-3. - Nothing is ſweeter than lib Nilzil ſum dulci: liber erty. The firﬅ epiffle of m. Primur. cþiﬅolu Horace is (Weeter than any Hamtius ſitm dulcis qui honey. vis mcl. Nothing is ſweeter to the Ni/til dult-i: man: mind than the light of-truth. [me veritar. In djſmr ln did ſure _,L;ATI N JLþtANCUAGE, L 5; t ., , _ .. V \ deeſid-dffflaction,ln-civil broils, where rather there than is ctfzzctum; dia cz'vilit, mzigi-s ubi to'rfiz'ltum; oþus deliberation, nothing is ſaier 'ii/til ſum tutu: ſrﬅinal vnuin-'diſp*-:,m-.H.'> ' - 'tzoz' ' ſi * ' i . The 'country of Campania Plaga Camþam'a ſſ is the ſineff 'of all ; nothing þuIc/zfiiomttfl ; ſofter than the air, 'nothing mollibr naeum, m'kil ube'z more fruitful" than the ioii, TiaT ſtihzm, nrifz'ilfiqfliita': thenothing ſea. more ſſ hoſpit'a'b'le 'a ſſ than 'liar more. . ,_4 -,l ' ' Among the Scythians no Albud" qutha nullus crime is more ' heinous than fielurſumgmviiſurtuffl': theft; 'they juﬅ as much'de'ſ perinde 'aſherhoraurum piſe gold and ſilver as other et' dazgcntum, at _1'eliguus mortals covet them, ' mortalis Cladcs' appeto. ﬅquor 'grſſaviar ' A ﬅroke follows more heavy than-all ' that happened omnir qui' ante accido, before, through the' viol'ence per violentid ignis. _,Ro' of fire.1 Rome is divided' into 'ma divide 'in' quatuardqſi fourteen "quarters, Whereof ' rim re'gio, qui tre: ſblum three were levelled with' 'the tentſ: dcjicia. ground. 'x' After this victory, Cyrus Poﬅ hic victoria, Cx; carries the war into Lydia; rusLydia tranffera' ; ubt' fundo bellum Crtz- in i - where he routs Crazſus's army. By how much (lighter this ſus cxerritus. Quqntum war was than the former, by [evior lzic &eflum ſo much the milder was the prior,pictoria. tantum y'Crazſ-tuct mitio-zſum impe victory. Crceſus -obtains the city Barce ; in which, though tro urbs Barce; itfqui he did not lead'a king's life, e£ſi non dego regiur vita, yet he led a life-'next to roy tamen dcga vita From' wasal majeﬅy; no leſs ſſuſeful This to clcmency the con mur regiur maſt-ﬅar. Hic vqueror 'th an the conquered. wclemmtz'a utzſilz's victor, non guam ſum victus. mind; < The Macedonian warwasby r Bellum M'aredonicux ſum tantum dat-far Puncti ſo much the moreſamous than ' cus, qztaniu'm, ſſMdccda theCarthaginia'nþy-how much the Macc'donianSeXeelled the ' antercdd Pani ; quart Carthaginia'ns; Wherefore the ' Romimur' cwzſtriLO legia Romans raiſed more' legions plat/blunt, . . et accio . anx than uſual, and ſent for aid zſzum a Mqſimffiz , _ _rcx from Maſi'niſi'a king of 'the ' Aumzdcg, F Numidians, 5; anew INTRODUCTION-ro Numidians, and all their other Numz'dz, cwtcrqnc amni: allies. ſi It was indeed a ſort oſ prod ficiur. , Sum proz-ſu: qflcntum igy, that, out of fifty children genus, ta Iibcn', ut, ex_nema quznquagtn inuentſia not one was ſound, whom either paternal majeﬅy, or the qui aut patcrnus veneration oſ an old man, or tas, aut veneratio ſanex, the indulgence of a father, aut indulgtntia patcr, a > could reclaim ſrorn ſo great a tantur immanita: revo barbarity. Was a father's -c0. Sumnc þaternu: 110 name contemptible among ſo mcnadea vilir aþud tot 'many ſons P But the cauſe oſ ſilz'ur? Sed cau a parri the particide was more wick cidiumſumſcclzratior ip ed than the parricide itſelf. ſe parricidium. , The ſun is many times big Sol/inn multus par: gerthan the earth. It is much m'ajor term. Sum mul tum OþCHZ/ZUT ſuþcra ſui ſſone'smore laborious ſelf than to an conquer enemy. quem htyhſir. Ire Anger is nothing better, often ſum nilzz'lum melior, ſaþc "worſe, than thoſe faults with pgjor, Iu'c dilflum qui i which it is angry. rqſror. There is nothing more pleaſ Ni/zil ſum jucundu: 'ant to a wiſe man than the ſhpicnr ſuavitas ſhþim 'ſweetneſs of knowledge. tia. Ni/Lilþqffumſiain Nothing can be more intoler tolerabilis irgſipitm for able than a fortunate fool. tunatur. What is more deſirable, or Quidſum oþtabllir aut more excellent than wiſdom P þrcﬅanrſajyientia ? ' By how much the longer Quantum diutius Si Simonides conſidered the na monidc: conſidero mature 'ture oſ God, by ſo much the Dew, tantum m oQſcu more obſcure the thing ſeem rior vidcor illa. ed to him. Nature has given nothing Natural do ni/zzctl home 'to men better than ſhortneſs melzor brevim: vita. of life. ' ' Alexander was ſenſible how tum Akxandcrſenlia fclix hie qui quan czzffizſia much happier he was, who coveted nothing, than he, who mſil, quam qui pgſro totus required the whole world for orbirſui. ſſ ' himſclſ. Virginius, weeping, ſaid Virginius', flcnr, mitto 'ever a word a long time. At nullus vex diu. Tandcm, ' laﬅ, leaden: 'rue LATIN LANGUAGE.,_ 53 laﬅ, lifting up his hands to tendcns manus ad (clum, heaven, he deſired his fellow ora cammilito ne attribuo' ſoldiers, that they would not ﬅelus Appius Claudiur attribute the villany of Appi ſui; parrinſida ne averſor lzberi. ſui Dico ut i: us Claudius to him 2 that they would not abhor him' as the vitaſilia chariorſitm ſui inurderer oſ his children. ſuus. He told them, that the life of his daughterwas dearer to him than his OWn.

,,__.

CHAP.' XlX. Dignus, indignus, prwditus, captus, contentus, ZW tus, extorris, proſugus, Zzber and ſrelus, got-ſi Theſe ern the Participles, Ablative. crctus, creatus, editus, gcnzſitus, generatus, natus, ortus, prognatus and ſatus, govern the Ablative.

THOSE perſons are un S ſum indignu: glarz'a WOrthy of the glory of calum, qui nun exſſzl heavon, who do not eﬅeem ma virlux dignus amor, A U virtue worthy oſ love, and ncc contenhu wlzlptar il are not Contented with ſuch le, qui virtus prabw. pleaſures as virtue giveth. We rely upon the honeﬅy Ego ſretu: pro/nto: a oſ our friends, have neglect mirur, negligo incolumi ed our own ſafety, and are tas ntfficr, et ſum txtorriJ þalria, ſi now baniſhed from our coun ll' ' _ Filius, Prxa'zſitzt: inge >A ſon, endued with a good nium bonus, exhzſilnra Pet Wit, rejoiceth his father ; and he that is always mindſul of terflu: ; et qzu'fiunfl'm his duty, is like a ﬅaff to his ffier memor zffciffln, 'firm father's old age. ſimili: paterfltur. barutum ſc'ntctus ct * Pticrſſþ'r'agnafflr flewen: A boy that is born oſ poor, iffiazzpcr et honrﬅus, ſun: honeﬅ parents, is more 'hon curable, . magic ..',...) \ . r. i'nzſſw INTRODUCTIoN 16 si ourahle, than he that is ſprung magi: honormidui rom a wicked rich man. qui ortur ſum dich im pzur. þ God loveth virtue ſprung tur Deus calum. amo virtus _ redi ,ſſ from "The heaven. thingſiwasſi . worthy of a ctdignur . Rgs ſum currw dignus ; ſed laund, sz laurel, worthy of a chariot; but Caeſar was now ſo great, ſhr qu Maius-ſunge; that he might deſpiſe tri pzſſum cozztemna trium umphs. hur. aſſgreat Nothing and is brave more man,worthy than of "A'i/zilſunz dignux mag nu: et þntclzzrul' vir de clemency and placability. mntia et þlacabilitas. To be always repining and Scm'þzr murmura et complaining is unworthy of qurraſ gui'þrazitſiturjum m indignur home; vin atman; but he, who is endu ed with virtue and ſatisfied tur, et. _ contentus __ſuus \with his lot, is truly rich and ſorr,ſum vere dium et 1 truly great. . , vere magnur. , i ' Skillagruſlingtotheﬅrength Slyllaſi, fret-us other par: \ ofAſia: his VVhilﬅ party, he returned ﬅaid ſſat from A raise ex Aſza: Dum a Pud Athcnm mover, he. , thens he kept Pomponius with ben Pomponiur flicum, r him, being charmedmiththe mþtur et lwmanita: at -i politencſs and learning of the doctrina adolgſcem. youth. ' . Aſcanius, ſprung from the 'ianeicnt Trojan race, was bornſi tiquur Aſcanius, Trojanucts edifus ﬅirþs, an . of 'a'inctohle' family ; for his natur ſum nobilis genus'; father (Eneas qwas deſcended, ſſof Anchiſes and tenus, and ſum num, Anc/Lzſiſcs Pater Encas at Venus, ſatw et ſiAn'chiſes_was deſcended of Anr/uſi/cr arm: ſum rex ſiking Aſſaracus. _ _,, Aſſaracus. - Si ſum cr'czſiztur carle/ii: 7 heavenly If I be'de'ſcenddcl race, ſays ſſPhaeton, from a ſigive me a token of ſuch a great _flirþs*, inquam Phaþtzm, ſideſcent. Your father's pall." &edp not-a Lupins gehus. Raterzzur- domur, reſpon 'ace, xre-p'lied his mother', ,i'_s deo m'atcr, ſum cantcrmi contiguous and enquire to of our him, earth ofſſ ;what go, ctſcitorme; noﬅer ab tcrra iþfi, ;'gradi0r, ſiquisſan vbloodthou art ſprungx i _ , guisſum cretur, _ r After him Aur'elian under _l 'Po-ſi is Aurelim took the government, 'born in ciþio imþeri'um, Dart'a ' ' * D'acia, ariundu, t i ſi >

c . PRBU L LJA _N'G(U- A'CFEH 65 _Dac_ia, a man powerful in, mitted/4.', air potcm in war, yet oſ a violent vternzper, dcllzuzt, tamen. immodz'ctt; and ſomewhat too'in'clinable ani'nzus, et aliquantum to cruelty, wholikewiſe anon ſin-pwſwfi, ad crudclitar, .valiantly beat the,Gpths.3 4 , _ 3 quigqutreſſyiuc God/at' vin * to, ., Cafin, genitus: nobilis' Caeſar, deſcended. oſ the _et antizuu: juh'iſamzſilz'a, _moſt.noble= anzd Ktnoﬅ art-cient ctlzactzd covzfentizstmztſtm ac . family 'oſ the j'ulii, not \con fl'lt'x2ſſvtſſ5ſitfariiz in Gallzcta, Jent fortunate with viſlforiesver many _.ſim and Gaul,, very trayſſztctiolextrciturs in, Bi i ;tarmia. ' ' ſi ' ,clarried_r. over zhis, army . into * wox _<' .Britain._ ._j 3 '__ 7 _ 1 The Gauls boaﬅ, that they ' fleſh' þi-edicb' ſit; m are all deſcended of Pluto, 'n'ilt PhognqtusDir, et al' and for that. reaſon complineſiv i; tenſe ſinio ſþatium their reckonings of time, not tcmpus, non ex numerus from thenumber oſ days, but dies, fixt' ncx ; et. ſit: od Knights; and they ſo regulate ſeri/a die-s notably, et im 'their birth days, and the be itium i waiﬅ: thennes, jginnings oſ their months and at die; ſitljjbjuqr nax.f years,vthat the day cornes af A1 l - , _. . X A ctſſ. ter There the night. were with Caeſar , v two

brothers,men oſ Roſcillus ſingular and courage Agus, ſſ; lzouoIlii, proþter ſingulafir 'ozſirtzzgshſiriu mirtus : _ _Theſe,braveiyſiwere on account not only of inhigh .their" ,_12071_,/(=./g;n inſimuorsaþyd eﬅeem with Caeſar, but were i szſar,,je4. widen) (zaþzo even accounted tdear by the, caring apaid) c;_:crqt,u,t; army; but," dependinfl on Cae-v ſed.,ſvzclw Ceſſzr amid-ice ſar's lſri'endſhilp, deſpiſed their drſfficioſuusz .- z tomrades." * ſi ., ._j j, . Sandroeottus, a man born p , SdzzdramtI-tzr, 'air na-. oſ a mean family, was the aſ ſi quctor.tus ltL'RiLZjiJ' Libertar gcmrr, ;,ſtd. ſum poﬅ ſertor oſ their liberty; b'utaſ ter his fueceſs'heturned the ſſciflorzctn, vnto lind-us It title of liberty into ſlavery', ber-tas in ſent-imo.- Hic i beThis flain man,_being,

'n nobody lives contented with ſorsſuu: ,9 vEnca: Tro his condition P [Eneas flying ja prqſngu: venio in I from Troy, came to Italy. It talia, Sum ſhþicnrſnm is the part of a wiſe man to contenturſuurſhrs. Suſſm be content with his condition. Imtus mon' tain'd/us. ' He Was glad at the death of \ his rival. Primoſire: fuller Rice, The chief of the fathers ſaid, that his ſpeech Was perzctunz concio is conflalaris, dignusſum di" im - worthy of the conſular office, nur'tat' t'o'ctzſulatur, ilfgnm worthy of þ ſo many conſul toſſturlviia ſiþleniu'1 honor ; "ihips, life full worthy' of honour of ; his thatſibtlier' whole alia: Corfful per prodifio Conſuls, by betraying their dignitar, odzllor_plc5;, ſſi: dignity,'-had flattered the cctom-* - mon people; lhat'hſie, being memor-jnajcſiarpd'tcr,fla beote'mþux. aratio i accommodatin mindful of the majeﬅy of the fathers, had made a ſpeech ' ſuitable to the times. Sperno T cdz'ct'nin grea. They had deſpiſe'd' the ſſander magnus, þq/lqudm < edictsof Alexander 'the 'greag after the FErſians and Indians - had been conquerediby him, _I_'erſaZItir, et a fomnz's' I'zzlm- gan: deainco hair and all' mations dread this co s: : Igitur non-20 Ro \name ; * '3 manus,

MMMMNA' THE LATXN LANGUAGE. '67 TTurne: Therefore they adviſ manus, utflm cantmtu: ed the Romans, that they Prgflemſortuna, nec pro would be content with their voco arma qui flio Gallus preſent fortune and Would not cwdo, et Match content- provoke the arms, by which v 710.. ' they knew the Gauls had been cut off, and the Macedonians

deſpiſed. ſ " No long time after, he ſeiZ Non magnus þoﬅ tem ed the kingdom of the Hyr þux, occupo regnum Hy'r canians: And thus being in canus .* Itaque itaprzdiu Veﬅed with the government' tus duo magnu: civitdz" of two powerful nations, he paro grandix exercittis, raiſed a mighty army for fear mew: Sclcucw, et Thee- of Seleucus, and Theodotus, dotus rcx Bactrianurþ king of the Bactrians; but ſed cito liberatux mduyk being quickly delivered from man' Theodotur, faith, his fear by the death of The jȝax uſed-us cum is ffilq' odotus, he made peace and an Ill-ſo. alliance with his ſon. _ v Artabanus his-uncle, is ſub Artab'anuy, 1':þatr11w=,. ﬅituted in his place. But ſubﬅituo in it law. Sc'y-. the Scythians, content With tluz autm, contentui vic the victory, laid waﬅe Par toria, dcſſoþulor Pan-thin, thia, and returnedinto their. et revertor in'flatria. own country.. Being taken with the ſweet tgflas, Caþtu: ſine dulctda quilzctbetſrttuh is þa-. neſs of that power, you ſuffer lateoſizb in. ſi " ſi' 'any wickedneſs to lurk un der- it. ' ' Laccdwmonſſz'us, ' my. I The Laccdemonians, after the manner of mankind, the gem'habea, humanut, zct: þlu: cuþia qui ; 'þlrl' mim- - more they haVe,t_he more they ſi' thedeſire acceffion ; for not of- the content Athenian with nonAthenienſis,ſica*þi0 contcntur afflzffl) zſſecto bþes. "power, they began to affect imperium totu; Aſia, quir the empire of all' Aſia, the par; maxz'musjga'ca Per 'Frcateﬅ art of which was _ tſiaa ubject to the Perſians. _ _ Pomandrflictatctorlſhſſ; The' Roman Dictator, after the enemy.was drawn u'p in quem lzqﬅis in" ruain co'n ſight, ſaid, do you ſee, that ſjjrctus, z'nquzrm; vz'dcaiuc, ' the 'enemy 'depend on the'na lizgﬅz'sſ retu; ſum natma lo ture cu: ? anew INTROQUZCTLON To' - ture oſ the place. But; you, wit? Sed tufretu: out: .-relying upon your arm: and let animus, imiado medtits zcourage, fall upon the middle; aciui _ A , .___: oſ the army. Lyſim-achus was born oſ Lyjiniaefius 'ratus-ſum an illuﬅrious Family oſ 'blac tllu/ins lbrur Aſaccdauia: cdonia ; but much more ſa ſed multmn' clarus virtm, mous by his valour', which qui tantur in i: ſum, (at was ſo conſiderable to him, -11an0 omnir qui Orient ' that he exceeded all thoſe, by dam/1., magnitudoanimzu, _ whom the Eaﬅ had b'een ſub ut etiam philqfitþ/zid et i I dued, for the greatneſs oſ'his aim corþur. , courage, as alſo in philoſophy _' and ſtrength oſ body. ' . Legal'u: þſiarr ſign afi .ſſ part The is one lieutenant thing, and general's that oſ w, at v imþemtmj ab'u-r. the general another, The one filter debea ago omnit ad ought to do all things accord prafiriþtum, alter pra ing to orders ; the other ac artiiſ'rium ſun: : Quart cording to his own pleaſure : Sylla, contentur ſlit, mld FFherefore Sylla_,being content dimicoe . with. this, would not engage. ._fami[y,.,lct7_utl Catalſiine was a wicked born oſa- perveyſe good. Catffina 'ratus-ſum lio proud/que ngflus laws, animur,cte' ſed szliu ipſa *\Iernper, and infamous for the mis ſuſþidb þſſar'icidiuza, ſuſpicion oſ parricide, as if, _(AureliaſiQreſlillm beingtaleen with the he had love tali oſ guafiztafitu-s amor Aure lia Orgﬅilla, tolloſuusſi-ſ en off his own ſon ; becauſe tur', quod elder 'grauor otherwiſe 'ſhe was unwilling 'tula Uſe ..to _ HAbctout marry thehim. ſame time, Cor Pſſer idem t'efmþur, Cn

ofnelius;_Lentul*us Spaiſſn 3.. who having returned given out mhur, Lentizlus- zedea w an account oſſſthe things done ſlyflanta ;' qui, exþona' muſſl'tu:m tlSKMt'uJ' annuri 'erſ/m' bſartitcr per' fl by him gallantl-y and ſucceſs ' fully, the Sſſeſſate, ſorſeveraſ and years, demanded, before hczterquc_ geſ/Pity; gusvclzgrſiltcet us trz't"/PHaanſuz'in in ur r, m' that he might be permitted to 'genter vthe city triumphant ; 'ſithe Senat-e ſſ thought his ex 't'r'z'u-mþ/zuj dignur csnſca Scnatur, ploits worthy oſa triumph. ' __P rim _ '3 'wi-I L'A'Tmſi vſiLſizfifficffltfAvfffi. ' " : 7.. At fifﬅ- tclyi'nflſi ..u'Pſion£ the; Armojzgg'uwrznzz; - erta' zmffinſſum fituationctofſheir gates, town,.theyſi refuſed-having aſiſſua.clauda - ſhut their 16 ſubmit. . I

or; A X'X' I Adjectives ſignifying' Plemfylor Want, may govern theGeniLive, or Ablative. - Adjectives with the ofPrepoﬁtion; Dz'wrſity, av govern the Ablative, or ab. N. B. The Ablatitre's, that come under the 'ﬁrﬅ R'ul'et are noted, in the following exnmples with the * Aﬅo aqſm,

E, whoſe ba s are empty IL LE, qui ſh'cculuxſum of mZmey, ath an houſe _ vacuus * n'ummus, Im 'empty of friends, and a coa't [zeo domu: vacuch * amſſiv 'full of rents. c'us,_ctt1mi(a þlenw ſum. A court, that is full oſ flat Aula, gui ſum'þlenm 'terers is ' pernicious to th'e * þaraſitu.c,ſum exitialis Prince, thcſiugh he be rich in þrinreju, quamvis ſum ubﬅance, abundant in hon oþulerltux ſacultatex, of ours., þ bundam honox. Ajourney, a hundred and Itcr, longus milliarc fifty milesv long, tircth a centum et quinguagintq, ' horſe, that hath not his belly ſatigo equus, qui non ha moderately full of corn. beo ventcr ſuus modicZ ſatur þabulum. , 4 My brothei is oſa very bad . Frater mowſ-um inch temper, and far different from *\ 11: malu: Iongequc diver my Father,_who is rich in the ſu: a þtzter, qxiſum dives. endowments of mind, though do: bonu: men:,7uanquam Poor in eﬅate. egenuxfacullates. All men hate Choſe that are Onnis odi it qui unmindful of a'kindneſs, and immcmor bengſiczitm, at - mal; A an' INTRODUCTION ra all7' menſilove a mind grateful omni: ama animur grant' and mindſul of a good turn. at memor benqficium. Mu Mutual benevolence is the tuu: beneuolentia ſum mag great bond oſ human ſociety : mu vinculum humanu: And without it, liſe itſelf is ſhcietar; et fine i: vita grievous, full of ſear and anx ſum gravis, þlt'nu: iety, and void of all comfort 'timor et *an.1:2'cta.r, et and pleaſure. Let us, there vacuus omni: 'ſo/atium ſore, avoid the crime of in ct 'voluþtaL Fugia, ig. gratitude above all others. ztur, cnmcn tngratu: an imur þnt reliquus. Hiﬅorians ſay, that Cyrus, 'rcx Auctar Peoſzſſa, narro, qui erus, damn king of Perſia, who conquer ed the greateﬅ part of Aſia, maximur par: Aſia, gin waged War, at laﬅ, againﬅ the b [lum tandcm contra Scythians, whoſe queen was Sryt/za. qui regina appel named Tomyris, that his army lo Tamyris, excrcitur i: was utterly routed, he himſelf drleo, iþﬅ: occida, caþut ſlain, that his head was cut is abﬅinda, et conjicia in off, and thrown into a Veſſcl va; þlenurſanguis. full oſ blood. The iſland is rich in cattle, Hic inſula fimz die-er well ﬅorcd with goats, over Pecus, (oþizſm caþra, a flowing with milk, ſertile in bundam lar, crtili: ſru grain, fruitful in corn, and a ger,fzzrundu5 annana; at bounding in herbs. ltsmoun ſemx herbe. Man: z'r tains are ſlorcd with braſs and ſum 21er as et þlumbum; ſi' lead, This and man covered is bleſſed with wood. with etſrcguearvfl-[vm Hic hamo ſum beams wealth, and rich in money ; *diviticz, et oþ-ulentu: pe his houſe is full of plate, re cmzia ; domur ilſum ple pleniſhed with precious nu: vagflztur þrttizſſts things, and ﬅuffed with 'jew res, et Teſertus *gemma, 'loaded els, his with pockets ſilver, are and always ﬅrut- i crumemz ſum flmþer o nuﬅu: *argrntum, et m tedwith gold. v * gidm *aurum. _ This ſoldier formerly was Hic miles olimfizm lib frank of his money, abound eralis perunz'a, [argus 0 ing in wealth, proſuſe oſ his ,Þes, prodigzlr aurum, mil gold, laviſh of his praiſe, mſicur law, tumid'u: proud of his victory, extrava- * Vucrcſſ'us, immodicus [ex gant in hismirth, and toohigh titza, et mmzus ammzl'r; fluncſum grarzis *amiuct:, ſpirited; now he is loaded 'with - ſatiazu: 'me LATIN LANGUAGE." 71 ' with years, cloyed with age, jatiatus cer/um, uxorſum and his wife is big with a boy. gravidu: 'T uer. - Theſe fields are rich in Hic ager ſum locuþk: grain, ſertile in corn, fruitful 'ffrugesr fatm 'fſrumen in victual, gay with grain and tum, frugz'ſer *alimentum, flowers; the cows and ſheep lztusfrugc: etfla: _: vac are fat, their udders are ﬅrut ca et avisſum pinguis, ted with milk. ubrr ſum dzﬅentm *lac. Your brother. is moderate in Tuu: frater ſum modi his defire, but yet he is in cu: vatum, attamcnſum want of every thing, in need egemu omni: m, indigu: oſ help, poor in ſilver and afflis, pauper argentum et gold, weak in ﬅrength, deﬅi aurum, tenuis *virc.r, in tute of friends, but free from oju amicus, fld vacuus guilt. cnmen. Nullux cþzſiﬅola venio a No letter comes from you Iujg'unus, aut inanzſi: al empty, or void of ſomething iquzct: utilis ; qui eo magi: uſeful ; which I the rather admire and commend, becauſe mirar et laudo ; quid lzic this age is barren in virtues ſeculumſum ﬅerili: vir and fruitful in vices. tus etſaermzdus vitium. This gentleman is ſrEe of Hic 'air ſum zſimmumſis all vice, void of a fa', and ſum oan *vitium, exſhrs clear of wickedneſs ;-yet he is culpa et ſum: ſcel-u: ,* in want oſ help, being baniſh tamenſum mdigur opis, ed from his country, forced exfizlþatria extornſis urbs from his city and home, diſ domuſque, irritu: flux, appointed oſ his hope, depriv cat/utter paternus Iwnum, cd oſ his paternal eﬅate, and et cxþer:Hzſic virgo, m-nm'xfortuna. arbus Um deﬅitute oſ all his poſſeffions. This young lady, eprived rens, et caffus *do.r,ſum of her parents and wanting a particeþs mew periculum, portion, was the ſharer of my et ſum couſin-s regnum, dangers and ſhall be partner vita mm ſicm vacuus oſ my kingdom, her liſe has finde/fig, nec þeflusju not been free oſ troubles, nor viduus 'amon - is her breaſt Void of love. The governor of the city, Preſectu: 44151, qui Which is deﬅitute of a garri ſum nudusþra'ſidiumJ-um ſon, is a man endued with air tomſ/a: virtus, ſir/[lum virtue, abounding in wealth, 'open ſed party: pecu but ſparing of his money, m'a; Palm: bullum, fid mighty in war, but unable to imþotcn: ira ; anim'us reﬅrain 'amm 72 A New INTRODUCTlON To reﬅrain 'his paffionst his tamen ſum fere tranquil mind, however, is generally Zus, libcr tVer-rot', et-jall calm, free from fear and diſ tur omnis *cum. cngaged from all cares. Some animals are deﬅitute Quidam animal ſign (of feet: But in Cermany truncuxþes : Sed in Ger there are wild beaſts, that are mania ſum bellua, qui palled alces, whoſe ſhape is affiþcllo alx, qui ſigum like that of goats, which have ſum conſi'uili: capm, qui Jegs without joints, and they habeo erur ſine nodur, are void of horns. ſumguc mutilltx *c0rnu. The Victorious Regulus, an Victor chului, probu: honeﬅ man and of ancient bilzctsvir, at cunctus, vetus mor, quamvzſi: ama- x -morals lovely to all, though ignorant of the liberal arts, expert liberali: an, qnum after he had widely ſpread the late' Circumfero terrarſu iterror of his name, and ſlain a us nomen, et czda magnu great number of the Cartha vz'xjuvcntu: Punicux, ad zginian you1h, ſent a fleet to Roma mjtto daffir only' :'Rome loaded with abundance tu: ingcns fibrzda, at &If. ſpoil, and heavy with a gravis *trium_þlzus. triumph. Alexander, though full of duﬅ and ſweat, yet taken with 'hþulmcts Alexander ac ſudor, etfi þlcnu: tamen

[the pleaſantneſs of the river caþturCydnus, amanitas prquſſcioſui ﬅanza' Pra Cydnus threw himſelf into the Cold water; then on a ſrz'gidus aqua; tum re ſudden a numbneſs ſeized his pente rigor occuþo ner nerves: Yet afterwards he vus : Tamen þqﬅca recip reCOvered his health and took ia ſanitas, et' cxþugno Perſepolis, the metropolis oil Perſrþolir, (aput Perſi lhe Perſian empire, a ſa cur regnum; urbs illuſ mous city filled with the tris Nſertus *ſþolium ſpoiis of the world. term orbis. a The Egyptians boaﬅ, that ſhigyþti Pradica ſE . Egypt was always ſo temper gyptur ſum ſemper ita ate, that neither the winter's tamþeratu, ut ncque [zi cold nor the heats of the ſum bernur ſrz'gar nec ardor mer's ſun did incommode its arflivurſhlþrcmajx inca inhabitants; that the ſoil is ſo la. ; _fl)lum itaſaecundu'r, fertile, that no country is nt nuZlu: terra'ſumſerax more fruitful in food for the alimcntum in igſus lwmo, uſe of man. Alcibiades _ Alcibiades, ,_*___,, firm-'7

'an LATlN LANGUAGE. [73 * 'ibiades, the Athenian, Alcifiade:,At/zmiflgfis, of a great family, in a num: ſumme-s gmus, in ſi.>mefl:great city, of a-'ll was the much men the of tumſormaſusommſicſuusamplu: civitas,ſum mul u meg- fit 'for all things and tas,ajzturad resomnihþle 'ding in ſenſe _; it is mſſque conſilium; conﬅat d amongﬅ all, that no- intcr omm's, nmoſum eq was more eminent than callen: ilk, Lydia Ilium', &her-in vices or in vir- vd in viflflh'

C H A1 P." XXI. lns ſignifying the Imﬅ'mmm'tfi Cazzfiz, or Vomit', vare governed, in'the Ablanve, by ' he e'ffi'cient Adjective. ſſ ' jectiv'es-of Dan-maſs and Chegpmſi, govern he Nouns on which their in' uencefalls in jectiveshe' Atlative. denoting - ſome . Iqfirmity, ' or Afl'cctc z'on of Body, or Mind, govern the Nouns, hat are the part affected, in the Abl-ativc

Y uncle has-been a father PATRU-US mem- ſum to me for wholeſome < putat' cga amflz'um nſel. He, whoſe ſon il am ſaluber. Is, qui fidus birth, did not takeſo much' ſum Mtu, non imffim'do e oſ me. * tent-us cum in c'go. Thou art aſervant in name ;"- Sumſerm: nomen ;fld Jhou hail. been a rebel in- P ſum "be-His m; v'ly maﬅer's Countenance Vzdtus magzﬅer' man s greatly changed when he muta mgmrþerez _ aim l indhisbelovtdffon guilty of &fifth-'rude jiius-a'flectus G a ' whfi{m

1., r a .< F'. * See the remarks on Chap. xxxiii. Appendix. 74 anew INTRODUCTION r' 'a lie: Sometimes he was pale conſtitu- mendaciu't .' with anger,now red with fury; Made ſum pallidur in, and in the meantime, he, poor modo rubirundus ſurar: -b0y,> was trembling for fear dum intend alle, miſer, of puniſhment. ſum lrcþidus timor na. ' They, who are only chriſ- Qui ſum chri/FzZnur >tians in pretence, and in the pretexturﬂlur,et intend zmea'u time are hypocrites in ſum. ſimut'ator car, ſum heart, are enemies to their owa inimicu: anim ſun: I ſouls: For though they may Quamvis enim cum q/iu be ſubtile in the deceiving of tus deceþtio homo, non men,omniſcient they cannot God. deceive the omniſcz'cn'r.poﬀum decipia ſi Deus

'Wenty A mean ſhillings cottage, a year, dear often- at fllzſidur Cajhla per charm' annus, viginti multo ktimes contains a man of great ties contz'nco vir air-tus virtue. A- garment, _ 1 cheap at a m Veſli: nur. viii: libraſicmtm'. hundred and fifty pounds, et quin'quaginta, ali ſometimes covers a man, whoſe quando tcgo htvmo, qui in ' wit were dear at a gro'at. geniumſum charm drach '* - - _ - ma. - A ﬅout ſoldier expoſeth his Milcrſo'rti: izzſera ſui , Iife'for his king's ſake; and in dſſrimcn vita gratia though he be wounded in his rcxſuus ; et quamvirſum head and limbs,ſick of a fever, ſauciur caþutet membrum, e and-weak in his whole body, a-grotusſebris,et infirmu: qet he is never feeble in mind. corpus totur, _ tamen nun - _ * - quam ſum debili: ment. A pious man is unquiet in Piur ſum in uietur an ticehis mind, of other while men" he takesſins : For no- imur,tum aliur dum .' all Emſim ervo magna perca he very much deſires the happen cupia felicitas ilk, pineſs of thoſe, that neglect qui negligo cammodum their own advantage ; who, ſuu-ſ i qui, tardus car being llow of heart, aswell as aque ac inoþs man, e; void of underﬅanding, prac- fiquor maztdatum nullus . tiſe none oſ God's commands. Deus. Mithridates was a man ve- Mithridater fitm vi' , ry. brilk in war, extraordinary acer &allum,a,ximiur vir for courage, a general for com tus, dqx conſilium, mile: dua, a ſoldier in action, an manus . Hannibal > I m iLATI-N ILANGUAGEM 75'

ſannibal for hatred againﬅ manus, Hannibal odium ie Romans. - in. Romanus. He carries arms livid with Lividus ggﬂo arms' veapons. ' > brackium. * '

C H A P. XXlI'. * "T ... 'he verb firm, importing Duty, Pqffi-ffion,'or 'erbs Property, of Eﬅecmzſing-and governs the ValuzſingGenitive. govern a Gen- _ itive of the Valuc, r and the Accuſati-veof the, Thing. " * " 'atagm mſſnor and miﬅreſca, govern the Gar-i. ittve. * t ' lecordor, remz'm'ſcar, oblivz'ſcor and memz'ni" gov-i ern the Genitive. lany Verbs, ſignifying a ﬅrong affection of the mind, as dffcrucior, jailor, later, &c. gov-" ern the Genitive. - 'T is the duty of children to SUM'Mm' ayErva pra', . obſerve their parents' in- ceptumparem. Sum. ructions. lt is the part of a ﬅultus ridcoſemþer. Sun '01 to laugh always. lt is ſapicnrſiko. le property of a wiſe man to : ſilent. , ' ok It iswell every to' himſelf; one's part The to þiczſio Sum ſin' umzſquzſhue bane. Mundus prey: . orld is ſo full of enemies, flm tum plenus inimicus, iat all men have need of ut omni: habea ojzus- camp, lution, and it is our part to tia, et ſum nq/Itr exercco zerciſe prudence. prudentia, I amrlooking foſ the moni- Quara obſervator, qui r, whoſe 'buſineſs it is to. ſet ſum noto tarde' veniens. iwntthe late comers. lt is not the part of every Nun ſum quilibct re. re to reprOVe other perſnns, prehendo alizu, ﬅd illa uk r foams 75 A 'uw INTRODUCTI-O'N To but their" only who are un ſhun', qui ſum inculpabie blameable. ſi: The kingdom of heaven is 'Rtgmu cakﬅi: ſum indeed their's, who are oor ilk,guiſum þauþer ſpiri in ſpirit; and it ſhall be our's, tur; et ſum noﬅer,fi if we obſerve God's holy corn- . mþſirvo mandatzmſanfim mands. Let us therefore live Dear. Ergo vivo Memar 'every mindful good of work. duty and ready ſi to rffrium myicr et promp tus ad oþus omnis domu Thoſe men value the hon I: habco lumos .Dc'u'> our of God as nothing, who ni/silum, qui vow ſun' call themſelves Chriﬅians, and chn'ﬅianus, et vale balm' would be accounted ſaints, ſhnctus,ſed intend ſum' but in the mean time are like ſimilir bcﬅza, et deditu: beaﬅs and given to all vices. ſum vitium omnix. Worldly riches are eﬅeem Divitizz mundus Pendo ed little, when We ſee the bet paruur, cum vidca [man ter things of heaven, which carle/fir, qui dcbea ſ' ought to be the moſt highly Multus. valued. I do not value that man Non wﬅima ijfe mag much, who i' a friend'to eve mu, quiſum attire-'fiſh ryhody. ſi I have a good horſe, that I gulu. Habeo agnus bony, value at fifty ounds. I eſ qui zﬅimo quinquaginta teem-ed always a faithful friend mind. Scmþcr aﬅimp at a great rate. amicurſidur þrctium mag I care not a ﬅraw for his ma. ſpite 3 nor value his threat Non pendo malitg'a is ning a ruſh ; l value not thee pilur, nec aﬅima mine i: 'naucur ; nonfaczſia tu hie. of this. Iam buſyabOuthOWn affairs. Satago m meus. ' I pity thy brother: I pity Miſerem rater tuu: .*' his folly, who has conſumed Miﬅ'ſca ﬅfzhitia, qui his portion, and is now forc ſuus, do: corzſumo, et ed to beg from door to door. nunc mendico ofliatim. Rcmim'ſrar fand utſi I remember the report that _I heard; but I have forgotten medio ; fld oblivi car' the time when. tcmþus; It is the maﬅer's care, that Sum magz'ﬅer cum, ut the ſcholars learn their leſſons, dzſcipulus .-."ſra lectz'o ſue' while they are at ſchool; and us, dum ſum inſclzala A it is the duty of parents to et ſum pare/1: cura, ur take fim in: LATIN' LANGUA'GE'. 77" ſake care, that they be obedi- ſum mon'gerus. Preceptoar ent in the ma ﬅer's abſence. affm. This pen and this penknife Hic þcmta et hicſcaL are my brother's. jzellum ſumſrater. This houſe and-that orchard Hic domus at iﬅc ye. are my father's. marim ſum pain-mew. The books, which you ſee, Liber, qui vidco,ſum>. were my eouſm's, but now couflalzrinmv mcur, ſed they are my brother's. nuncſumfrattr. It is the part of a fooliſh Sum ﬅuctur puer ame hisybo ﬅ'udiesnto love p la y, and ne g leB: Zuſus, et. negligaflmiium, Death pities none, neither Mars miſenor- name), r-ichvnor- poor. * net-dine: nec pauþcn It is the property of fools _ Sumﬅultus aflimo od to value pleaſure at. a great Buzhtara magnm. rate. It is the part ofſſ the ſame Sum' idcm homo, qui' man, who diſlikes the bad, to imþrobu: Probe), hap-rob' like the good. þrobm. It is the part of a wiſe man _ Cum ſapiem oblivich' to forget injuries. . znjuna. ' paﬅ-trouble.. his pleaſant to ' remember ſſ Sum dulci: mcmim' ac tu; labor. A-good' man eaſily forgets Bouu: 'air ſaciIe oblis injuries, butalways rememd viſe-7'- i'ajuria, ſcdſcmþer' bers a good turn. __ reming'ſror bengflrium, He is ofa happy memory, S um ſelix- memoria, qui w-ho forgetsmothing but inju obliviſcor ailu'! inju riesQ- ' ' rim. God-himſelf commands thee Deus iþﬅjubeo tu me to remember death. mmz mors. Wife men value a good Saþicnr aﬅimu fame: aame more than riches or life plus quam diuitiae vel vi itſelf. ti'a iþﬅe Xantippe, Socratesls wife Xantippe, Socrateſ was-- employed ſufficiently in uxor,ſat-again et match quarrels and teazing. Lia. Antiochus,.though he liked Antiorlzur, tamnffi pro Annibal's advice, yetwould 50- conſilz'um Alznibal, "not act according to his coun tamen nolb ago txſcnten 2:1,_leﬅ the glory of'the victo tia ilk, ne gloria victorz'a :y ſhould.- be Anniþal's and ſum Annibal, et non ſum-a, a a - not Vinca, 78 AnewlNTRODUCTIONgo not his own. He was there Vinco, igitur, et memiizi" ſore, conquered, and remem conſilzum Annibal cum bered Annibal's counſel,when ſumſcra. it was too late. When it was told in the Cum nuncz'o in civitas cities of Aſia, that Berenice, Aſia, Berenicc, fire' the ſiﬅer of Ptolemy, king of Ptola-mzur,rcx Egyptian Egypt, was beſieged with her obſideo cum parvnluxfili little ſon in the city of Daph us in urb: Daþhnc, Afi ne, the Aſiatics, remembering aticur, recordanr dignita: the dignity of her fathers and fate' at major, et miſcrtus anceﬅors, and pitying her i: indignusſortuna, mit hard fortune, ſent aid. to auxilium. þ lſ cunning valuers of things Si callidur mﬅz'mator eﬅeem meadows and cloſes re: zﬅimo pratum et area at a great rate, becauſe that magnus, quod is genu: ſort of poſſeffion can leaﬅ be pcſſffio þzſſum minime damaged, at how great a rate [mio _: quantumſum vir is virtue to be eﬅeemed, which tus aﬅimandus, qui me' can neither be taken away by Puffium criþz'o nccſnrriffi force nor by ﬅealth P \ 20 Perſeus king of Macedonia, Peiſcus, rcx Macedo forgetting his father's fortune, nz'a, oblitur [Mter fortu bid his ſoldiers remember the na, jubeoſuur miles remi old glory of Alexander. In niſcar vetus glaria Akxo the firﬅ encounter he was under. In primu: ton Victorious, nevertheleſs he grgffur ſum victor, tamen ſent ambaſſadors to the Ro mitto legatu: ad conſul man conſul, and deſired Romanus, et þcto par, peace, but could not obtain it. ſed non poffum obtinco. Virginius begged, that they Virginius are, 'it mzfi. would pity him and his rcor ſui et ſilz'a, potiur, daughter, rather, that they ne audio [nex gent Clau would not hearken to the en diur,ſcd iſ Virginia cog: treaties oſ the Claudian fami natur, et tret tribunur; qui ly, but thoſe of Virginia's re creatu: ad auxilium plein: lations, and the three > tri imþloro isfidcr at auxilg bunes, who being created for tum. " the aſſiﬅance of the common people, did im lore their \prote&ion and aid), - . t Raſhneſs is the property of Temerita's ſum ﬅorm" youth 3 prudence of old age; alas, prudentia ſcncflwr' '

'rnz LAT'IN LAN-'GUAG'EM '5. o and lOVe to riches the prop e! amo divitieflm par. erty of a tittle and narrow me: anguﬅzgſque animu: ; foul; as to deſpiſe them in ut contemno isþrar virtu: compariſon of virtue, is the ſutrz magnu: et ſublimia . property of a great and noble nium. mind. On the other fide the Ro Ex- alter pan cent/ii! man Conſul bid the Romans Ramanus jubro Romanu: a remember their former brav memz'ni priﬅinus virtus. ery. He put them in mind Admanco ir Aventinus et of the Aventine and Saered Sacer Mans, ut þugno Mount, that they ſhould fight pro liker-tas, qui maſse' for their liberty, which they rccupcra. had lately recovered. A wiſe man values pleaſure Saþimr voluþtar faci' at a very little; becauſe it is minimum, quod ſum peﬅisz. the bane of the mind, and the animur, et ongo omnia' cauſe of all wickedneſs and ſcchis et mz'ſhrizz : St'i _ miſery: But he values no rzﬅimo 'nullur ptſſffi' poſſeffion more than virtue; plur- quam virtus; guia_ ecauſe it is an ornament in ' ſum ornamentum in re: proſperity, a comfort in adver ficuazdur,ſolatium in ad ſity, and the fountain of all verſur, ctſons omnis pie-6 public and private happineſs. licur rt privatmſelicitas. It is not the part of a wiſe Non ſum ſaþiem dica._ man to ſay, l will live well 'air/0 bane cras. Virtue tomorrow. _Virtue is the ſum pretiqſu: omnia' nt. moﬅ precious of all things. Sum, itaque,ﬅultusſþcr It is, therefore, the part-'of a no is qui omni: dcbeo aſ; fool to deſpiſe that, which all time (Ilus guam divitim at men ought to value more than volujatas. riches and pleaſure. All the ſoldiers oſ Alexan Omnir mile: Alexander der, forgetting their wives oblitm con'ux et tiden', and children, looked upon duco Prrſiiu: aurum at the Perſian gold, and the oþcr- tom Oriens, utfil riches of all the Eaﬅ, as their us þrrzda: ncc mcmim' plunder; nor did they con bellum et periaulum, ſed ſider of wars and dangers, but divitz'c quiſþero obtinea. the riches which they hoped to obtain. Caeſar Octavianus, Mark * Caſar Octavianm, Anthony, and Le-pidus divkedti Marcusdntonius,ct LG'ſi na 'o A maw I'NT'RO'DUCTI'ON re' ed the Roman empire among dus, partior Romanu: in; themſelves. Aſia and Egypt perium inttr ſui. Aſia Were Mark Anthony's. He tt zflgyptu: ſum Marcus married Cleopatra, the moﬅ Antaniur. Duco Cleopa beautiful woman-oſ her age, tra Pulclnr faminaſczc who, deſirous of the empire ulumſuur, qui cupidusa of the world, ﬅirred him up imþerium term orbis, im to make war againﬅ' Caeſar pello is gero bellumcontra Octavianus; which was/the Caeſar Octaviauus ; qui cauſe of their ruin.. flm cauﬅ: is exitium. Caeſar. Auguﬅus dw'elt nigh Cmſar Auguﬅus habita 'he forum,in a houſe that had juxta ſorum,. in domus belonged to Calvus the orator. qztiſum Calvu: orator. Never was there a more Nuuquam ſum crum bloody, battle ; at laﬅ howev tus-þrczlium; ad piſſre er, the victory. was the Laee num, tamen, oidoriaſum demonians'.. v Lacedeemmzii. * It is the property ofa cow Sum timidus oþto morn, ard to wiſhfor death; but it ſed ſum maguu: animus is the property of a great ſoul dg/þicio injuria.. to deſpiſe an. injury It iSo the duty of children.v Sum liberi ama et rev' tv- love and, reverence their ereorþarenr, et ſum diſ? arentsz. and it is the duty of cipulur lumaro magzﬅcr., a ſcholar to honour his maſ ter. lt is my part to teach and' Sum meus doceo et pre direct ; it is thy part to ﬅudy firibo ,- ſum tuu: ﬅudent hard, if thou. deſireſt to be a diligentcr, fi vola ſun' ſcholars ur. your It courage is our part; and to it regulate is yſiour Sum noﬅer rcga noﬅer virtus; et veﬅerſum non. duty not to pry into the or fciſcitor imþnium dux,. ders oſ-your officers ; but ſub ſed madeﬅc' pared, miſſively to obey. Look. about, ſays Tellus, Circumffiicia,aioTelZu.r,. take vity on your own heav miſcrcor calum vcfler ,-, en, t e oles are ſmoaking, palm fume, qui ſi ignis. which i£ the ſire ſhall deﬅroy, violo, atrium vgﬅer ruo.. Your palace: will tumble down. ' Pity ſuch great hardſhips g _Mi/Zrcor' tantur labor ,* take pity alſo on me, and, be mz/&rgflw quoque egg, at: not 'te 'run LATIN' LANGUAGE. 'it ' 'at troubleſome ; I am buſy ne ſum male/lus, ſataga in my own office. zffcium mew. It is my duty to confeſs, - Meu: ſum atcor, eb and it is yours to forgive. tum-ſum. igno to. ' To do and ſuffer brave Ago et þatior fat-tis. things is the part of a Roman. Romanus ſum. It belongs to a brute to Bell-time: ſum vants- ſerve his belly. mio. -" After this abattle' is fought: Poﬅ hie [malz' lm com The Macedonians ruſh upon mitta : Macalo rue in: the ſword, with oontcinpt of ferne-m, cum contemptus' an enemy ſo often conquered hoﬅi: totz'es a ſuz victus. by them. Alexander himſelt' Alexander iffifi aggrcdiar attempted the mufl dangerous quiſquc perirulqſus; uſi things; where he ſaw the en conſhicio haﬅi: conſcrtw, emy thickeﬅ, there he'always toſioiſemptr ing-tra, vola thruﬅ himſelf, and was will guc þerirulumſum ſum,v ing the dangers ſhould be his, non-mileſ. ' ' not his ſoldiers'. . t' Part adviſed to call in M'ith Part ſuadeo aſſeſ', ridates, king of Pontus ; blithridates, rex Pontus; gan, Ptolemy king of Egypt : par; f'tolomzzu: vex ſE ut Mithridates was full of gyptux: Sed Mzthridaiex buſineſs of his own, and Pto ſataga me ſuus, et Ptole lemy had always been an en meeus ſemper ſum hq/HJ emy to Syria. Wherefore all Syria. Itaguc omnia con agreed upon Tigranes king of ſentio in Ti-gmms not? Armenia ; who being Rent "for, Armenia _.- qui accitux, held the kingdom of Armenia mien regnum Syria Per during eighteen years. _ aflodect'm annus. Agood man eaſily £orgets Bonus 'air farile obli injuries, but always remem viſror injun'a. ſedſcmþer- , bers a kindneſs. A wicked 'remimſcor meritum. Im man ſees the faults of others probus cerno vitium alz'u: and forget: his own', but at et oblivzſcor ſuus; ſed'Z length with ſorrow ſhall- he tandcm (um dolor 'record Iemember his villam'es. darflagitiumfims. Caeſar ſettled the differen Caeſar comþzono [is ſn c's among the jEduans, and ter Edut', et cohortus let having exhorted them to for ablivffcor controvevſia ac get their quarrels and diſputes, dzffmtio, redeo ad ca he returned to the camp. They texnembcmd

A new INTRODUCTION re remembered his advice and Ille Wmini con/illum, et followed his admonitions. fiquor monitum. In the mean time, the Ro Interim Romanzu ffioþ man people received a terri ulur acriþio gravir vul ble ſtroke from the Parthians : mu a Part/ii: Ncc Nor can we corn lain; for ſum quem-or: man, poﬅ after Craſſus had pitched his quam Craffus [do-m; caﬅm camp at Nicephorium, depu aþud Niczþharium,_ kgaw ties ſent by king Orodes adviſ tus miffiu a re: Orades, ed him to remember the trea denuncia ut memt'niſardus ties made with Pompey and percuffiur cum. Pompcizm Sylla. But the conſul was 'et Sylla. Sed conſul in gaping after the Parthian hia Part/rim: aurum. gold. Let not the glare of gold Ne fulgor omnia. at and ſilver diſmay you. ln ergcntum terreo tu. In the very hoﬅ of the enemy ipjc acirs hoﬅis int/mio we ſhall find our troops; the noﬅer manie: ,* Britan Britons will eſpouſe their own ni agmyim ſuus muſic, cauſe, the Gauls will recollect Galli 'can-do' prior li their former liberty, andthe bertas, et Germam' deſ-'cr Germans will abandon the Ramanus. Romans. Such was the greatneſs of' lsmſimus Tanturſihn Alexander, magnitude utw Alexander's ſoul, that, though he left a ſon who was called guamvis relinguo filius Hercules, a brother who was gui aþþel/o Hercules, fra trr qui nomzſino Aridreus, named Arideus, and? his wife Roxane with child; he ſor et uxor Raxane pregnant', got his relations and named 'obliviſcor hecgffitudo, cer the moﬅ worthy heir: Juﬅ lnumuþo dignu: here: .* as if it were unlawful for aZzſiusPrarſus quwm quaſi virſavtirſuc neftu ſum. any other than a brave man to ſucceed to a brave man. ccdo m'rjortir. Epicurus valued pleaſure at Eþicurus- valuþta: a great rate 1 But a wiſe man magnum aſiima : ſedſa _ values pleaſure at a very low pie-m valujztas mnimum fate-7 ſacio. . Bravex men little regard Virſortisjactansx ver- boaﬅingþ Words; and they bum paroum penda _: et value threats as nothing. mine niþilum ſacio. \ 1 do not value theſe men a Ntm i: teruncſufiacio: farthing: I do not value-the non. man' augur bra, augur MzLATudLANcUAeEJ 33 augur a ruſh ; l value you In flux gnaw omni: illa more than them all. uto. me That a penny fellow ;' did he not went value ſioff, *lﬅe"lwmo 'um unw a: eg'o zﬅi-ma .* abea, negue nor did he value alpin what I qui dicoﬅoccus cxiﬅimo. ſaid. " Caffius likewiſe plighted Caffiius quoquefidcsfl his own faith, which juguro us interþono, qui jugur tha valued no leſs 'than the tha non mimu quam pub publick's. _ ' licu: Uniuſquzſiſgue duco, malm" Every evil is as great as we rate it ; a wiſe man however .ſum tantum quantum illa values reputation more than taxa ; ſhþicm tamen ceſ; life itſelf. timo ſama phu- quem m' ta iþſe. lt is time to give over the Tcmþu: dg/i b u a ; battle. I only am carried ſaz'm ago in Pfllzfflw. againﬅ Pallas. ' I am not glad of an: calam . Nec vetus (astor malum. ities. I am paine in mind. Di crutior animux. Faſ He abhors me. He forgets 'z' 20 ago. Decipior la troubles. I was diſappointed of the Fallorſerma. lnvidca diſcourſe. He envies Cicer. ſi denCiccr. avena, Ncc Abﬅz'ma Iongu: invi ira. Neither does he grudge the long oaten pipe. Abﬅain Dgflno gucrcia. from quarrels. Diſcontinue complaints.

oHAF;U

'1' 7 a im- inrkonvorion n U 1.

. als ' t'a 1 i . F CHAR XXHLF" Sum and ſupþctit, when 'uſed balm, govern v the Dative. The' poﬃtm compounds govern a of'fum, Datiſſve. in general, except Cum; do, Hmſi'to, wrtp, Each, m but), v mittta, puta, / 'Trlzſinqum &it. may "elegantly govern two Da'a 'tive Caſes ; 'one of [he per-ſon to whom the thing happen-s, and the other of the deſign to which the thing refers,

IRTUE is for an orna IR TUS ſum ornamen ment to all perſons; and , tum mmzir, et par: nal no art oſ beauty is wanting \ [in þulc/zrituda dcſum illa, ito t em that are-endued with quijum þrzdz'tut is. it.- * The wall of a city is for a Murus urby fitm tura defence 3 but the courage of mm ;ſedforti1ud0 incola Ithe inhabitants is the flrongeﬅ ſum munimenſortis. bulwark." * Thoſe men, who have the Is, qui plurimus pe moﬅ money, obtain the great cunia ſum,\corſſcquar lza eﬅ honour among men. nar magnu: inter home. A valiant and faithful ſub Subdz'tus magnanimu: ject is a defence to his prince; etþiurſum tutamcn prin he does not reſiﬅ him, but o ceNay/'ed s' uus; obtamþcropnin nen re u no beys his commands, and pre fers his prince's ſafety before dqtum is, at antcfera in his own life. ca'lumita: princeþs vita uus. A broad and deep trench is Vallum latus et pra a ſecurity to an army; but ſundiu ſum tutamen ex neither walls nor valour are crcz'fu: aſed net mums able to be a preſs-Nation to me fortitude þoſſum ſun thoſe, whoſe lives are come to Przſidi um Meant: vitaþcr their aLPOinted end. vanio 'dfinisflrogflitutu-ſ. ' Cxſhg Ceſar, , .,1*ukz,xLATI N LANQUA ax. far, the dictatqra,.riv>ll=d v Cgſar, dictafar, flcm Thfleeatcﬅ' 5rat0r3, and Aul e'rnulm flmmu: ofatpſſr, axvﬅzu had a readyen'd flux-nt prgflugzzs et Auguﬅzzx clo'qychtza. , (ay-meam: ſi 'ac sloqugnce. ſi ' Tþpu Pay-eﬅ xgﬅ yitþ ye Tu zſſffltwquiſſotgs quxhe'grchp guſ: 1 , e have sum zþer'viriiiis Nailſ; and'welLOW-Applcs; plenty of ctcu'rdlc'd Mr c milk. cinqxs, * ' Mold-s' um _cga caﬅſſa'he'a, mzflj Pymum, _c__aþia lac. a;' ffi 'rc' ,ſi" y: Oxen-an, when' he hserd that Canini, calm auflela ſig ;__is pqunxxy-Wps invzcied, did _'tria _ ab zdca, nofi r r , an" ipſa uifcwhc'ne he might 24,va iþ e' vivo fluid; _ ye ſafiely: þu't Trpm'whencc Pndeſum Prezfldium 5733. Þc Knightjbzing relief to ...1.1.i.S' yixſuics. ' ' ' ſi ' 59 txymcm- - ' 'human he loſs, rage, however, was .m:a'ttc'r of .the_ of ſſ. Jaflura, tamen, maw;pmnſiis ſufficen' genus, ; gt foggy,dqlor Yicf to all 'Athel gods; and t cy aſked-what Would be the 7 guiſumformq ferz-a 101er 'appearance of the earth deﬅi talis afrþux? , fine of monds. ' The vine is an orpqment to I/z'tz'x flm decm add-5 [the uses, grapes are an orna uvaſhm dtcux vitis, tau mqnt to the vines, bulls to rus great, et ſages pingu'is 'the flocks, and growing cohx arvum. , to the fertilc fields. 11/Izſiciþfiz exiﬅimd ju Micipſa imagined, that ju gurtha foremſi glorz'ave - guctha Would be an honour to aglory his kingdom, to himſdlf, and dhaſſit thought he was it num ſum, ct duce gloria,et ſbcfzſiux ful' Populuſic voco' Ram;amicm galled 'the friend and ally of _thc Roman people. nus. *' " \ The comp'lainers charged it Accgtſgtor do _c*"z'me_n as a crime againﬅ >Galliu\s, Gallius, i; pan; vcnqnzu'n: 'ndthat w'ho'ishe had 'pieit, t arcdat wctouldnot poiſon ; e't 9qu ſum, qui 'zum ver-3 to itſ' vifium a? have imputed it to him as a

fault I' > \ The gcnfiemc'n ﬅrgt in _ Hic 'ujr irchdo per as ﬅate,_'bcſore your ,n0£ſes, _and 'neﬅ-er, et qflefitoſuus tri boaﬅ of their triuniphs, juﬅ umph-32.', perinde _qu_aſ£ finiſ they reckoned them an '" hafira ' \ hqngur i a; A urw'INTRODUC'Ict'IONH-o _-,V-t__

'honour to them, and not rap pra-du.habco is honorſui, ac iron ſſ me. . The girl was leſt to this Adolgſccntula relinguv woman as a pledge for the hic mulier arr/zabo pro argentum; ſed tribrio tu imoney; but it is charged up igmwtcta, quod ſcribo 'am on you as lazineſs, that you write ſo few ſetters to your 'arus iitera ad amicw. friends. , . ſihave The robuſt nation bodies, of the compact Calti Gan: Catti ſum dun: corpus, ﬅrictu: arms, limbs, a ſtern countenance, minax vultur, magnns great vigour of mind, a great tzſiovigor ac animur, ſolertja multum : 'epom ra 'deal of ſenſe and addreſs; they conſide more in their plat in dux quem in ex general than in their army; ſholiurſſn crtitus ;ſuþer haſh's ſanguiJ revelo fa at over the 'blood and ſpoils of an enemy they uncover their ries, et ſcroſui ſum tum face, and boaﬅ, that they are dignity putrid ct par-am. then worthy of their country and their parents. l come now to Cicero, who Nunc ad Cicero waſ', had the ſame conteﬅ with his g-u'i idmzpugna ſum ſum contemporaries, that I have aqualixſuur, qui'egoſum with you; for they admired tucum ; ille cnzm antiquus the ancients, he preferred the miror, iþﬅ ſuu: tcmþu: eloquence oſ his own times. cinque-mia anteſzono. 'Ihe 'Macedon'ians had per Macedo ſum qﬃduus etual wars wit'h the T'hrax bellum cum Thrarn Ft cians and lllyrians: the latter lllſrii ; Pcyierior contem- t deſp'iſed the infaney of ſhe no inſantia Maceda'nim: l Macedonian king, and invad qui,rex, ſſþufſus, et invada Preſent Macedo Tex ; " - cd the Macedonians; who, being beaten, broughtout their ſuur, et þona [arme acit: "king, and placed him behind in tune, et tum "Peru their army in his cradle, and cc-rtamcn atnter. then renewed the diſpute

more briſkly. I ſſNlacedonia, As ſoon as entered Philip, upon king the of 'Ut Philiþþus, rrx Ma cedonia, ingredior imþc-'ſi government, all people had n'am, omnir ſum magnu great hopes of him, becauſe ſhe: de ilk, propre' 'of his parts, and becauſe of mgemum, et proper ve gbe old oracle: of Macedonia, tuxfatum Macedonia, qui which (MO 'tus L-ATIN LANGUAGE._ 83., ' which had giyen out, that the cano ﬅatu: Macedonia [fatevery of flouriſhing Macedonia under ſhould one beof flmfl'orenx w Amyncttai. fitb unus fli the ſons of Amyntas. , After this Alexander orders Dei'nde Alexander ju himſelf to be adored, not ſa'- bcofiti adorn, nonſalutor. lutcd. Calliﬅhines was the Calliﬅlzinetſum accr inm moﬅ violent among the recu- race/ons; qui re; firm' fants; which thing brought rxitium et illa, et multus ruin both on him, and on many princep: Maccdania ; ſi great men of Macedonia ; for quid-'m omnir intezſicia they were all put to death ſubſþeties inſilicz. 4 under pretence of a plot. ' He ordered Marcus Clau- .]ubeo Marcus Claudi dius, the proconſul,_to retain ur, proconſul, retineo ida-" a ſufficient garriſon at Nola, neurþnzfia'ium ad Noltt,' and ſend away the reſt of the et dimitto (ce/er miſer, ne ſoldiers, that they might not onusſhciur, etſumpu be a burden to their allies, tu: rcſþublica. ' and a charge to the govern- ' ment.

.c H A P. KXXIV.

Verhs, compounded with ſatis, bene and male, govern the Dative. ' - 7 Verbs, compounded' with jme, ad', con, fub', antef pq/I, ab, inter, in and ſnþcr, govern a Dative' of the Noun, aſſcted by the Prepoſition. 4 The Noun, or Pronoun, to which, or for which," _ any thing is done, is governed by the Verb, ' in the Dative. .. ,

AT man is of a baſe and LLE fitm animu: viii; ignoble ſpirit, that only et ignobilis, quiſhlum lives for himſelf, and not for vivo ſizi, et non amicus; his friends; for we were born non ntſſror ega ſhlum,flcſ not for ourſelves only; but 1301qu publicut. z 'for the public good. ,,z The Impiits all 4" do? marks-d- D" U (i 'fl 0 N. 'ſo thoſe .. The:v thaſit wiched are' more ſhare: rig tenus" for [Efflux ſhun Made-m ' ilk', juﬅusfizi ;"_ than they; but God careth ' dDEus puroﬅrousflmj _ for his ſervants, and preſerv Ft cbn'ſc'ruo'ilk vitq'ſi cth their lives to them._ _ The ſun ſhine: indiſeri'min .Sol affizlgc'z; iiidgſcjiz'ffl. ately upon the juﬅ and un in'atim' juſius et inji'fi, J U 71 a prefer virtue before the tus. _ Antefe'w virtul' au-Fuh'il þſſurus .' Su'ſi'i. e'mſih'l T'ZIZ'IIJi moﬅ fine gold: For it is" much bonſiw. _ ,. _ Letter. Severſſe maﬅers _ irr'poſev hard . Mdgiﬅeſir' ſectvq'nZ: in; Pono þenſuctm dz'fflcili: 'aſks on their ſcholars, and never interpoſe their aſſiﬅ inſirerþanactciþulus ſung; duxitz'imſiz nunq'ilflng ſun's; ance among them. Vice creepeth uſiſſon meh illa. A " nomen Vitium virtz'uk flibrcffio Actuafitid-L haffii under the na_me_ o virtue: crſſzz'm vale wcofi-ugalz'tas; For covetouſneſs would be called ſrugality, and firodigal at prodigalz'tar arroga fur: ity taketh to itſelf t e name nomen beneficentia ;flþ*cr' of bounty', pride calls itſelf bia voco fli elegantia :_ u neatneſs; revenge ſeemslike uindicta videor firiu'ti: greatneſs of ſpirit= and cruelty magnanimitm, et crude! exerciſeth its bitterneſs under ſuſſeciuflrtzſituda. ita: exertto acerbitasſuu: ſhew of courage. ' , OþEn not thy ears to Hard \_ eaperia aaris Win; terers: For fools open their lazar: Stuþtus mien a ears to flatterers and ſhut tg- acia fflffintatar, et c u them ' A good' to truth. nanſſ-xe exceſs _ riches. _ 0_ Exiſiimſiaiia'bbnds Writers. ſſl! is the part of a wiſe man fiaj dim'rizz. Sun ſapj. lo prefer virtue to' pleaſure. qu- PYcþano vine: an: PMF- 7 . I't is the part of a have man' Sam dir forth firkfcro to prefer his country before pam'a him his life. A \ Prefer virtuebefol-e riches, Pr'eſcta viviſ!" dſvſ: friendſhip before money, and utilzlrjz'zcundſim.rim, amicitizz flecunia, e: profitable things to pleaſant. z Fame delights to add falſe Fama ga'udeaadda lhings to truez A wiſe man fit: ver-us. Sapc'z'ir are accommodate: himſelf to na cmnado ſup' man; me. Cagz'to, r 'me LATIN LANGUAGE'. V ture. Conſider, that a robber Coglta, lah-a et hqﬅi: poſ and an enemy may put a ſword ſum admovea gladz'us ju to your throat. \ gulum tuus. ' A wiſe man does his endeav Saþiens do affirm, uf our, that his works may agree oþus concorda uerbum. with his words. - They began by little- and Caþiþaulatim ſubm little to withdraw themſelves lw ſuipugnar from-the fight. The enemy came up to then Ho is ſucccdo cq/lrd, camp. Do not ſink under thy Ne ſuccumbo onuJ. Ba. burden. A good magiﬅrate me: magiﬅrdtus- anteþono prefers the- publick good. to oommums utilitas ſum' his town. One-day well-ſpends to be' Unu: dies lene actus referred before \a ſin-ning ſum antcþonmdus- spec 1mmortality;_ can: immortalitass Narbonenfis Gallia- is? to be Narban-cnſis Gallia put after none of. the provin floﬅponcndu: mell'u: pro m'mtia. Macedomcta ob ces. Macedonia ſell to- Art- tipater. > vem'zȝ Antiþatcr. It is-not the par-t of a gal' 'air Non qffero ſum ſui magnanimus. þerzſiculum lant man to expoſe himſelf to danger without cauſe. ſine rauſa. It is a Very wicked thing to Sum ngſarius imjȝona make war upon one's own bellumpatria; country. The covetous man gapes af A-uarus in/zia diuz'tzſia'z ter riches) When Alexander went to Cum. Alexander þrqſi the Perſian war, he flew all tiſcor ad Perſians bellun', , his flepmother's relations, interſirio omnir noverca' whom Philiſp had raiſed to cognitur, qui Philippa: any high po of honour, and provelm inv excelſior loczt: had ſet over the cities- and dign-Slay, et pra-ſide urbs diﬅricts of Macedonia. et þrovimia Macrdonia. Alexander divided among Alexander divide) omnt's his friends all his atrimony Patrimoniumſuus in Ma in Macodonia an Europe, cczlrmia et Europa inte'r ſaying, that Aſia wasſufficient amz'cux, dicen: Aſia ſu - £0r him. cienrſui. Eliſſazput the king's ſervants - Eliffia imþono rcx mi yith all their wealth on board, niﬅer cum omnz': oſiu u ' 'L JIZ - . and' may _ . 90 ,A 'urw INTRODUCTION TO' n'n'd being launched out into navir, et proveth: in als the main, makes them throw tum, compile dcjicio flic bags full of ſand into the ſea, cur plenu: arena in mare, pretending it to 'be Acerbas's ſimlanr bar, ct dico ſum ille ape; ſui'dzſin Act-r "wealth, and tells them, that * ſhe had long ſince wiſhed for oþta mors, ſed due-rein death, but that Cruel torments crucizztus et diru: ſuppli and dreadful puniſhments cium immineb ilk, qui hung over them, who had ſubtraho Acerbas oþes t) - withdrawn Acerb'as's wealth ranmu auaritia. froin the tyra'nt's avarice. Turnus,*l

1 -',_ -/- A_._.,___ _

l - --*-> m L._;L4_-.4_J In! LA-TIN LAMGUAGZE. ST As honeſt man endeavours l Prabm- sir amor ſati/S to ſatisfy his credito'rs, to act fact'o auditor, et bemjhcie "' Well for the commonwealth, rgſþublz'ca, qui ſum - which is a fide thing; lie-en alter ; ctmor 7uoque ene deavours alſo to ſpeak well dr'co burnt: lwmo, maladi Of good men, to revile'nobody,. co nema, et matgſacio 'tid and to do an ill turn 'to none. hzs. Dew-s ſxpe benedicas God often'bl'efl'es 'ſuch a than, ruh's, qui quia cum de. which he does when he gives prqſiþcr, augea foamy, him proſperity, enlarges his ſuwazuv._ ' fortune, and ſheWs him fav our. Parents often outlive 'their Paren: filþerfinm thildren ; 'and as ſome men liberi _: et ut quidam haw: . have a weakneſs of-judgment, 'in/am imbecillitas judiaſi. and others want rudende, an um, et alius 'de/um ru-. old man of this Part ought to dumb, ſenex gju odi be preſent: at publ'iclt delibera debea intnſum public-it: 1, thething tiOns, and 'haVe'to be'- the don'e: charge Notſſ of conſih'um, et pmflm nt. fariendu: : Non ut poﬅ' that he 'may haw: it in his ſum abfu'm qui-air', ſed-nt; power tb hurt 'any one, but pcſſum fixt-ſum multusvg, that h'e "way be able to do et Deus nUIWflWm-M'Q'. good tn'many ; and God ſome ſumtalis intezitw'z.v ti'nes favours ſuch an under' Ring. The-thing pleal'ed me much ;- Res ai-n'dea ago-Mieux . 'or the youngyman had reſolv nant adoteſcem ﬅatue ac nd to reﬅ in our'dpihion, and quiey'roſementtcta naﬅrr, e' Idhere to virtue. Fortune, adluzrco virtus. Form therefore, finiled u on him, na, igitur, affulgro illa, 'and favoured his ſir attem t; et aſhiro primu: hbar :: and great courage was ad ed et ingcns. animus accido, to his men, who rode up to miller, qui adcquito iþſe the very gates of the enemy. porta Hoﬅtſis inimicus. prey'z'do ſuzſi inw The enemy threw them i'elVesv into the giver, and en ﬅuvius, et amor 'adno ter. deavoured to ſwim to land. ra,_ Nqﬅer dux redee Our general returned _vi&0ri victor cumduodecz'm licto'r, ous with twelve ferjeants who qui aþþarco is, et ontm's attended him, and all roſe up affiurgo is, vem'cm in tab before him, as he came into ernac'ulum, 'ubi arcumba his tent, where he fat 'down eþula. Primam' affidw ' 10 illa, ſ ye' maw INTR-O DUCTION m to a Beaﬅ. The grandees ſat ilk, ctflx puer adflowm' by him, and ſix boys waited a. at table. Virtue, which is always Virtzzr, qui flmþcr can conſiﬅent with itſelf, excels ſonaſui, antea omnis ali all other things, and the en m rer, et do: animus an dowments of. mind excel þs tecello gignoſupcrbaſia. vire: corpus at Sum ſce ſtrength of body ; butthey oſ-v een beget pride. There was a hyirio in Gracia, celebcr comedian in Greece-of a very ſ ama, qui diu canvivo, qui celebrated character, with longe anteﬅo þlcriquc affai whom I lived a long time, et cathamdius : Solco gla who far excelled moﬅ actors rior et dico, jane-r colludo and muſicians: He uſed to par, et wncinaſui et mu boaﬅ and ſay, let the boys ſa. \ play with their equals, and ſing to themſelves and the; hluſes. This villain monks and in Hz'c flcleﬅm illudo of' ſults allzgoocl men', he is ſaid izz/ulto amm'r bonus; dice never to have groaned nor nunquam ingcma aut il wept at the death ofa friend 3 lachrimo man' amicus ; but he gapes after gain. and ſed inhio lutrum, et in ſleeps on his bags of money ; flertinadtemſinﬅo,dormio ſaccus- Pecum'a et inha ; he obﬅinately perſiﬅs in,.and. purſue: his former courſes, ro prior vcﬅigium, ction though danger ſeems to hang fi þcriculum video impen and hover over him 3 ſon a deo et immineo is ; num pain has lately ſettled in his dolor nuþcr infideo per, feet, which obliges him to. qui cogo is i7mit0r &accu lean on a. ﬅaff, as a ſoldier lum, ul mileſ inſiﬅo haﬅe', leans on a- ſpear, or as. a houſe aut ut tcctum. incumfla cum leans on pillars. lumna. There was an alliance for a Amicitia diu intercedo long time betwixt this people hic populus cum finiti and their neighbours ; a war, mus ;- bellum, tamen however, at laﬅ broke out be tandem cxoriar inter is; tween them ; theyjoined bat committo pra-ctum in val tle in a valley full of ferns, li: plenu: ſilix, qyiſhlea which uſe to grow inneglect innqſcor neglectu: again: ed fields : At firﬅ the ſun was Primoſhlſplench, et au ſhining and the gold glittered rum intermicaſulgem-ar on their bright armour 3 many ma, multm' intctjcia. u ' ' vers F""2"*.

AN_V______,_N*---- 7 A . ,_ .._, __ L___, m? LA'.-T'1N LANGUAG-Ea_ 9' me: ſhin' on both' ſides, tringue,Mercury is- ſaid, to preſt-de Mercurius dicoþrcefia'u. over gain ; but a fair reputau lacmm ; ſed bpnur exiflii tion is better than riches. utatio pra/lo divides Maﬅer; ought and. uſe tolead.v jmzeo Preceþtor ſidzſiſcz'þ'ulus, debco etet file.Puerr the way totheir ſcholars, and the boy in Worthy of honour, ſum dignus honor, qui Who outſhinqs his anceﬅors on final-um' mdjorerz- met' oufﬅrip' his contemporarieo. antcchlo equality Proda Providence overru-les human idemia. þrarua-leo &unde. devices, and certain ſigns me: cmſilium, et ocrtu' ſomecirnes gp before certain c figvtum interdum- premi vent', ro ccitur us. - Wave ſhcceeds wade, grief Unda ſuccedo uiidq comes in the midﬅ of- joy, luctm ſupervmio lztrſitizz Old age and' poverty ﬅeal up ſeneflus et þauþcrtarſub on you 3 but do not ſink un. nþo tu ;ſcd ne ſurcumfie der the burden ; for' your arm: ; num ager tum, qui firm, that lies under the hill, fitþjaceo mom, longe ſun is farbetter than its rent, and percuwo vertigal, at in-_ will find a purchaſer; and as wait' cmþtor ;_ et cumſum, you are content with little, contentus parvum,ſi mer- \ 'ſhut Lſmall part of the price do exiguus par; preti'um &ii-i be left to you, you wlilll ſugc'fla, tuſum ditz'or at e _ names, 94' szwlNTRODUCTlONTo be richer than acovetous man, varw, qui ape: Craſu whom the wealth of Crmſus nonſuffiow. would not ſatisſy'.

4 ffl C. H A P. XXV. Verbs that ſignify to Proſit and DzſiſþrOfit, Pleaﬅ and Dzſþleaſe, Obey, Fauaur, Help, Hurt, Re fiſh, Pramzſc, Spare, Approac/z Nigh, Tell, Command, Upbrazſid, to be Angry with, Meat, Indulgc, flatter and Perſuadc, govern the. Dative.

HE man, that only pleafl- QUI ſhlum þlzzceo fief, eth himſelf, doth not non pro/inn jui, ſed, Eroſit himſelf, but injureth noceo bonarſum ctſclz'cz' is own honour and felicity; ta: ; qwia dffþlicco Crea becauſe he diſpleaſeth his Cre- torſuur, qui voca-flrau: nor, that calleth his ſervants ſum adabnegatiaſuz'. " to ſelf denial. - A merciful king pardoneth ch miſericon- igmfi' his rebellious ſubjects: lf ſubdituiſuus rebellir: St' they return him not due non ago gmtia debitiuilz'e, thanks, but reſiﬅ his power fid reþugna pattſla: i: again, theyare moﬅ ungrate- denuo, ſum ingmtur; et' ful ;. and though he ſpared xqzzanq-uam þarca iſle ab: them for their firﬅ crime, he crimcn primus, 'non in will not encourage them in dulgco ingmtitudo illa, their ingratitude. - 1 God is angry with the wick- Deur quatidie iraſiror ed eVery day, and threateneth imþiur, et minor dine; them with moﬅ dreadful sor- cruciatu: ilk. ments. They, who ﬅrongly reſiﬅ Qui reþugna þroþenſio their own evil inclinations, ſuus pravur fartiter, ab. obey God. tcmþera Deus. It is the part ofa wiſe man. Sumſaþimr placeo De to pleaſe God, to do good to us, prqſſcio boma, cave' n-erw to take care of, himſelf, ſui, prqſpz'cio ſalus ſum, to mutug "ma LATIN LANGUAGE.' I' 'to provide for his own ſafety, mutua amicu; et' conſul' to be concerned for his friends utili'tar, cffcio nullux, 'djſl and fludy their interefl, to do 1t'licco neme, ncqu-c 'were harm to none, to diſpleaſe no mzſcr, neguc vinfidiar in body, neither to hurt the miſ woe-um. erable,*nor lay friar-es for'the innocent. A good man ſavours the Bonu: ſauce Son-us, a' good and rejoiceth with them gratular is de aliqui: re; upon any happy event-3 he is ſclix; ſemper þaratu: always diſpoſed to 'ſpare the ſum parco victim, at ig vanquiſhed, and forgive what mffca þr-wtcritux; 'regne 'is paﬅ; he neither entertains lorindulgea quiſqzſſzam; ira, neque nq/ica adu ir, reſentment nor flatters any one; he knows, _ that thoſe qui dam/10 bonus, der' who detract from good "men, go ſui; idea invideo ne. dcrogate from themſelves; he mo,_/Zd zmular dignu:.. therefore envies nobody, but zealou'ſiy. imitates the moﬅ - worthy. Sum gcnmſm auxz'lz'orct 'It is the property of a gen erous man to aid the poor, to þauþer, fitbvcnio inoþc, affiﬅ the needy, to ſuccour ſuccurro (mzfi'z make' 'the diﬅreſſed, to heal their vulnw, patracinor arbu: \vounds, to patronize the or Parcm, opitulor (iUi-J, 'phans, men, toſi'ﬅudy to help their his advantage, country ﬅudeo coinmodum, etſuþ ſlliſo Deus, ut annuo au to pray to God, that he would ſizm; dum avaru: aſſen ſucceed his endeavours;whilﬅ tor et blandior diuex, et the covetous man flatters and plaudo ſur', cum contem 'tarrſſes the rich, and applauds þlor nummu: in arm. himſelf, when he looks at his money in his cheﬅ. .God hath commanded us to Deus þmrz'þio (go at rule our luﬅs, to govern our imþero czzþiditas, modcror ſpirit, to liﬅen to his word, to animur, aq/cuflo verbum Obey his admonitions, to be u, pan-a monitum, obedio ſuþject to his laws, to be ſub lex, obtcmþcro parem, 06 mfffive to parents, to comply ſcczmdo voluntax il, fa 'wnh their will, to ſerve and mulur et miniﬅro ille, et wait upon them, and obey olzſhquor imþerium, nequ 'heir orders, and not to be a ſcrvio 'iracundm flaVe to paſſion . w A Chriﬅian:

na 'F A 'un-w 1 N-TRQ DJUC'TI'D N 3'" 'r .,A chriffian ought-to oppoſe Chriﬅian-r riche ll vicious pleaſure, to ctruggle =þusn0 bidſ-fir adapt-nt againﬅ, and withﬅandthesbe rductor et Þbﬅo Woundi ginnings of' anger, toreflﬅe mn iKa-WſiflNWWW-fld r vil, to oppoſe the corrupt, yerjarþrapyrmor is, practices ,oſ thoſe, who deſ Wmm gin-ty; gt.7e£igjp, piſe virtue and religion, and nequc inflruiox gupidittzs, r -'-not to he a . ſlave to luﬅ= nor mch morigeror 'pelas 'humor wicked men. ham 'The general was angry and Dzzx ſucmſeo Ft zlnzfl enraged at the ſoldiers, he ror miles, minor figmflr, Ihreatoned the ﬅanda-rd hear cop-minor fugicm ; ſed er, he threatened the runa gum non audga cow' .-ways;-but as he durﬅ. not de Party; milegﬅatuoirectdo, pend on the, courage of his _ct lſide no: þ et feneþzſg. men, he reiolved to reft-eat Qmmvir pummyn czc and truﬅ to then'ightand the do ii, quimrrode Leaf-'A darkneſs. Though at firﬅ he tamen nunc (gy-i 'did not believe the things, ſflijLIK-J, qdfflogrofqlus. that were ſaid concerning the enemy, yet no:_w.he began to give upxhisaffairsuas loﬅ-Land deſpairofrſatſety. I cannot reﬅrain inytongoe Nay __þq[um temper-a 'ſays the gentleman to 'his com lingua, vtrio 'air comes I nion ;.the ſun ſhines on the ſo! Iuceo ſcelemtus, et wicked, and few are, wiſe For apt-tuft' ſqþio ſad. _Dq(n themſelves. [bewail the-miſ caſus z'zcſrhx virgo .: . qx 'fortunes oſ the unha py xcho omnir ſmelle aricns, young lady; ſhe excelle all .0_þe'ror liberalis fludiu'n, - vthe girls of the eaﬅ,3ſhe was et ſemper uaco philoſo taken up with the liberal ſci fflhza. ences, and Was always int-ent \ upon philoſophy. 4his \Many girl, andpreſents young men '. conned ſiſenthy Multur juvznis þrt' Ju'c Puellaþehmzmus x- many lovers were diſdained ſusxemn'ltus þrarurſqr ' by her; at length, however, drojlle; tandcm, tamen, . ende knit' impenſium pa ſhe yielded to the gentle com mands of her parents, and ncm, _ct nuba Romanur married a Roman knight : cguer: Sed re: non rgſ' But the event did not anſwer ,pan_dgo_homo opinio, ſum people's expectations, he was durus maritus, et a rcmma'

__4 .,., 'The 'L A T I N TL AN'CſſU'AC E.. r 97 viſibad huſband, and the' poor remmc'io Im'ta e, wax ſaw: creature has bid adieu to life; fierce. ' my voice clings to my-jaws. So great a madneſs had, Tan'tu's rable: invazlo ſeized theircruel minds, that ſcrus animur, nt 'cornpar they did not "ſpare, the age, 'ca atar, qui ctiam high: which even enemies 'would parco ,* geroquc interna have ſpared: and carried on a lcinus [zeZZum cum liberi, 'deﬅructive .war 'againﬅ their liberigue mote-r, pro qui children,.and children's moth bellum ſoZea ſhﬅiflio- > ers ſorwhorn wars uſed to Be _Tantur ﬅragcs ſum, ut theundertaken. havoc-kſſ, that .-So_ the great gods ſeem w'as dear vide-01- conſcntz'o Pa ritcr cum'fiomo in exitiu'm * to have agreed together with parricida. U men, for the deﬅruftioi-i of the parricides. ' Polycletus, a manterrible to Palycletur, 'air man. our o'Wn ſoldiers, is ſent into 'tis wyle-r miler, mittain zBritain; but he was an object . Britanm'a ;fld, ſum irri ofvderiſion to 'the enemy, a ſits hayiir, apud quiþaten 'mongﬅ whom the power of tia Iz'bertur nondum cag freedmen wasnot yet knoWn, noſco, mio-argue quod 'ex and they wondered, that an crcitus 'obedioſcrvitium. 'army ſhould obey a vſlave. The Chriﬅian religion not Cimﬅianur 'relz'gz'o non 'only commands us to help our modo prccz'þio ago cipita friends, but to relieve thoſe, lor anticur, ſed ſaqcurn "thatare our enemies: for ſo. Szſiciſ, qutſum mim foddo-zſir inzmicu: amicur, ego. .* We ſhall make them our friends, and ſhall promote et prommfm man, benig lOVe, kindneſs, peace and m'tas, Pan', et amenden good will among men ;ſi "which tz'a inter. lwma '3- qu'i 1214.' things pleaſe God. ceo . Parthifltm Deus. oſilim obﬅa erly The the Parthians moﬅ oſſbſcure were among form w: Cum intcr- imþcnctumvdſia popular. Orient. tranſ the people of the Eaﬅ. When the empire of Aſia. was tranſ ſero a Muſt' ad Per/a', ferred from the.-Medes-to the ſum pra-du victor -; ſerve" Perſians, they, were a prey to jwﬅremo Macedo'ner, v ut their con uerors ; they were videor miru; qu'iziis'i: þr'. 'finally ſubject to the vMa'cedo- . who ad taumjeficitu, nians, that it mayſaem-flrmge to anyone that they arrived at I ' ſuch '93 szw lNTRODUCTION-ro ſuc-ha flouriſhing condition, ut nunc zmþcra . ' t: - gem, as now to command thoſe na guz olzmſcrvto. Yions, which they formerly ſerved. He t'hat reſiﬅeth his own Qui rrþugno ſuu: ma ev-il inclinations, obeyeth lusgfflectm, obedia Deum! ' God, and deſerveth greater mcreor magnu: law guam - praiſe than the general, who dux, qui ſundo magmu 'vanquiſheth mighty armies, toþzrz, et exþugno muni and taketh the ﬅrongeﬅ cities, tu: urbr, ſcdﬅrvioſuus. but ſerveth his paffions, which cupiditar, qui man prſſtm he cannot gOVern. moderor. Taken with the ſweetneſs Caput: duke-do is po of that power, you ſuffer any teflar, ſino quilibctſcelu: wickedneſs to lurk under it. 'lette/ab is. Dica idrm, Let them ſay the ſame things, qui variſcrorhicſin caﬅm, which they bawl out here, in et aþud miles ; et corrum the camp, and amongﬅ the po cxcrcitm, ncc Paliori: ſoldiers; and let them corrupt parte dux; quoniam i: our armies, and not ſuffer demum ſum libertas Ro them to obey their command ma, non reverearﬅznatur, ers; ſince this is, at the laﬅ, magzﬅratur, me man lex. the liberty of Rome, not to reverence the ſenate, the mag iﬅrates, nor the laws. The Lacedemonians, after Lamdmom'z', de ma: the manner of mankind, the genurhumanur, quodþlfl: more they have, the more they habeo, id þlur cuþio-; deſire : For, not content with Nam non contmtus aceſ/' the acceffion of the Athenian ſio oþcr Athcm'cnſis, at powers, they began to affect þi qffccta impzrium torn the empire of all Aſia the Aſia, qui magnu: part greater part of which was pareo Perſa. ſubject to the Perſians. King Eumenes met the Ro Rex Eumenc: orrurro mans with aid, and a little af Rvmamzs (um auxilium, ter a battle was fought with et paulo ptſſ praclium Antiochus : A Roman legion committo cum -A'Ltia(/ZUI . Was beaten, in the right wing, Romanus legio pello in 'nd fled to the camp; but M. dexteriar cornu, etfugio (Emiliusp tribune of the ſold ad caflra ;ſed M. Emil iers, who had been left for in; tribunur miles qui She ſecurity of it, commarlilds relinguo ad tutela is, m' 13 per' THE LATlN LANGUACE. 99 his ſoldiers to take arms, and Peru mile: caþio (la-ma,v et threaten the fugitives. minorſugicm Hiero was deſcended oſ Hieragigna Hierodr: : Hierocles; his very education educatio ſum pre was ominous of his future nunciur futurur majqſ grandeur; he had a f'amOus tas ; ſum i: inſignis put; beauty of body; he wascourt chrituda corpus ; jimn - ly- in his addreſs, juﬅ in his juﬅus Handu: in innegotium,ſſ colloguium, mad buſineſs, moderate in corn-' mand, that there ſeemed emlus in imp'crium, ut nothing at an- wantingto him, ni/tz'l Pray/us videor de um ſuitable for a king, but aki'ng is. regium, prem- Tegnum dom. That no miſer might be Ne quid' malum do um honeﬅuJZdomur, compile)ſi wantingtothemo honourable ſamilies,he obliges their wives wear irſilz'azue fiuþoﬅr-. and daughters to mar-ry, their dm-ſuſiious-ſum, ; et. ut iiyjſicſiur rcddo i:dom ſi: llaves, that. he might rend'er them more faithful to himſelf, inus. Sed tum. lugubri; and more violentquainﬅ their nuptiaſum gravz's marro maﬅers. But ſuch diſmal' na reþcntinu: [101qu mbtches were more grievous to th'e matrous, than ſudden. death. " A great part oſ men are 'not ll'ſizgnus far: Ham, angry with the faults, but the mm iraſcor jacccatum,ſcd. offenders, It is the part oſ a Leccans. Sum demenr r madman to be angry with zraſcor mutu: animalſi d'umb animals. - Believe not any one more Ne creda quiþlu: quan than thyſelf of thyſelf. lt is tu de tu. Nonſum tutuJ? not ſafe to believe ſame: She credafama: 1.' ſum ſrzz ſs often a liar and feigne ma fie mendax, ctfngo pha-11; ny things. It is the property mus; Sumſapz'cm mad; Of: wiſe man to govern his eror-Jingud. tongue. Wiſe men command their i Sapicn: imþcro cupidz'ſi deſires, which others ſerve. tas, qui ab'urſervz'o. Imq The wicked favour the wick groburſavco imffirohs, et" ed, and the good ſavour the ame: ſaven bonu:._ Ig good. Forgive others many mybo aliur mult'ur, in m'," things, thyſelf nothing. He - filter,hiL qui NonZum 0 'diaztrujgiaſiſii.'as,ſi habfl'dlfl" 15 not, to be accounted a free mant _ Nam ' 10' A wa l-NTRODUCTIO-N u man, who obeys his luﬅs. Ncmaþoffiumflrvio '11th No man can ſerve pleaſures tard virlusſimul. and virtue together. Annibal's advice pleaſed Annibal" con [inmpſ'da king Antiochus; wherefore sea rcx Antioc us ; quare' one of Annibal's companions unus come: Annibaſ mities" is ſent into Africa, to the in Africa ad Carthagini Carthaginians, to encourage en zs, ut [tartar i: ad bel them to the war, and tells lum, et nuncio ilk, Anti them that Antiochus would citus;ochus mox niſi/til ven'io dtſum cum niſi exer an-ct come preſently with an army ; that nothing was wanting but imur Cafl/zaginienfls. the countenance of the Car thaginians. lt is a dreadful thing to Harrcndusſum daſhtic'ea 'diſpleaſe God, the Creator Deus, Conditor om'm'r, of all things, who is able to qui þzſſuin'phdcto anſ-lad? deﬅroy both foul and body in et, corpur 'i'zſ'e'rnflm', 'p eſ hell, and has threatened thoſe 7711an U zfe'rnurſupplic'i; , with eternal torments, who um, qui rec'uſo Parte 1ng us. Conor, i 'ſittinþtaſ refuſe' to obey his laws. Let fl us, therefore, endeavour to ceo illa, uteffiugzo ille'lt'ofſ' leaſe him, that we may av6id' 'cnctui ſupflibfui'i. that dreadful puniſhment. Honeſty hurts no man ; Prabitar noted' man .* but knavery, though it may , je 'imþfbbitffssd et. videoi ſeem to profit a man, is very profiim home ,_' nitiſſtrctcﬅimdtio honibſſ" pernic'ious'to a man's credit, qui: ommſir ſhþi'irii'_ cﬅimo which all wiſe men value, plaiqy'am peouniq, et' ſi ac, moreoften tothan his money; eﬅate andctlife and very' cttoo', fiffime my: vita. man, which fools value more than gin: ﬅuſtiir' ſortſffiiti' all things elſe. giant aliit'r o'iifit'i. _ All age's will ahhor the cru Omnis fabulum deteffior' elty of the Triumviri, Mark' crudeli'far Trſiim'nviri,' Antony, Casſar Octavianus,_ Marcus Antoniur, Cat arct and Lepidus, who'proſcribed' octauidnur, et 'Leþi as, whom they pleaſed, and piti dle,gui'proſcribo et mzſiſe'reorſi zui' nidlu'r; placed * noddiflikeſidſſased nhne, who they had thought, eﬅates," Zui hobco aper', et im to: th'eir'proceedings. He, that' o, ut credo,fa&ſium' uux',L wasſerv'el'tlie ſo inhiiman,._did ſier'np'ire of the'WOrld. not de lu'zudQ'uiſu'ni enticer? tom inhumanu: jmþ'erz'wſi'i When' mundur. Cu

Ws 'th-'Law 'rue LATlN' LANGUA'GE. 20' When Alexander returned Cum Alexander rever from the Eaﬅ, the 'Ambaffa ta-r ab Oriem', legatur ' dors of the Carthaginians and Carthaginicn zr et relek Sicily,other cities Gaul- of Africa,and Sardlinia, S ain, quus civz'tar Africa, Hzſi Penis, Sicilia, Called etr waited for his return at Baby Sardz'm'a, operior adven lon.. The terror of'hi's name' tus- is. aþud- Babylone. had ſo poſſeſſed the whole Terrar is nomen adep in- - World, .,that all nations flatterq. vado totur arbis, ut cuncz ed him as a king deſigned for tw gen: aduZor is tveluh them. rcx dſflinatusfli. . Go, ſays Romulus totjulius juliu: Abeo, Probſiulus, i-nquam Romulus. nunþctſio : - Proculus, tell the Romans, that the gods will have it ſo, Romanur, ced-ﬅir - dole, . that my R'ome be the head pf m' mew: Romaſum caþut the world. Wherefore let termrum arbir.' Praindc - them mind military affairs. cold militarir. Scia et - Let themknow and deliver- it trado chtcri, nullur OPCS-F ſo topoflerity, that no human humanus þgfflilm rtjſiﬅp 4 power ſhallbev able to mſifl. Romanu: atma. A the Roman arms. _ Itwas no hard. thingfo'r. Mnflm dzfficilz'j Lean-i- a * L'eonidas to perſuadehis men, qui-dreamidal: paſſadeoſuur manſion mild, Qum 1 who were reſolved * to die. ' Wherefore _ they, immediately rcflatz'm m_þia arma .; et take arms, and,_fix hundred ſcarcenti air zm-umþo rit/7 men break into the camp of: tra Wingepti-pille, ape. flye h'undr'ed* thouſand, and to- not pra-torment, gut non ſeek for the king's pavilion, þqffilm int/mio. 41'th which they could, not finch. victor per caﬅrq, et tan They wondered victorious dcm occz'do inter merous; through the -Camp, and at_laﬅ flratw All/fir. _ died among- heaps offflthe- flain enemies. At Croth there were great, Aþud . Crotsn magnum: aaimoſitie's betwixtthe nobil ſum, certamen in!" prinq lty and the commons; F6r cap: et plain , Num idem the ſame diﬅemper had ſeized morbus z'nnadp omnii . all the cities of Italy, that the. czſivzſi-tas ItdlZzi, rut - fled: common people' diſſen'ted ſrbm dzſſgntia ab aptimatc: ..* the noþility; the ſenate fav Sehatusfabco o'manus ; . oured the Romans; and. the et flew, Peru, Perſugp 'a Pintſ-ons, the Carthaginians, 1 flMFZQi-x

135.' At r ,'_.->-J'T 1' lOI ANZW INTRODUCTlON 10. nunctſia hic dzﬃntio' Bruc A deſerter carried the news of this diſagreement to the Bru tii. til.

C'HAP. XXVI. Verbsſiof ComParing, Declarzctng, szving, Forgiv

ing,Tﬂſſing, Promiſing, Diﬅru/Zing, Payz'ng, Reſſonctng, Envying, T bredtning, She-tying, Telling, Owing, and Taking Away, govern the Dative of the Perﬁm, and A'ccuſative of the T ſting.

F the longeﬅ life ſhorzld be I vita [augur compare compared with eternity, it aternitar,ſum brave) ; is very ſhort; if we ſhould ſi for: felix in mundusl compare the moﬅ happy con kic compar' Calum, ſum: dition in this world, with miſer, et non digvm: de heaven, it is miſerabl'e, and ſiden'um uqﬅer. not worthy of our deſires. If we ſhould compare the S'i compare' 'tumefies number of good and virtuous bony; et pim- multitud'd erſons with the multitude oſ imjaius, ſum Perexigu us. he wicked, _ it would be very ſmall. i We oſten compare ſmall Scþe conſero par-rius things withgreat. _ magnus. None of all the Romans Nemo Romanu: ſum Were to be compared to Cato camþdrandus Cato ab air. for virtue. tus. He took away my eﬅate, Eripio bona, et nunc 'and now he deſires to take my gcflio eriþio vita ago. liſt: 'from me. þ Fortune is very rightly com Fortuna rectijflme tom: pared with the wind, to þaro venial, guiſum fim which it is very like. r ſi. . ._ ſſ Lid-i His, Esſex

L me h emwzv L- ArNiczv-Ao E.;. 163 . God hath given nothing-to Deusl do m'ltict "Me,- _ man, which can be compared qui'þqffium comþaro ratio \ to reaſon and'wiſdom-.v ctſſzfflmfia, . The cruelty of his mother' Crudelz'tar matcrſuu; r affrighted'Alcxander, king of; ſ, 'Brim Alexander 're-'t A; Egypt ſo much, that-he leſt, gyptus- adeo, ut, - Telinqfia 1 her, preferringr a< ſecure-and is, anuþfmam ſecurw'ct ſafe life beſdre a! kingdom,v turns vita regnum.- Sed I But Cleopatra- fearing leﬅ;" Cleopmra timkmr n'e Cyp , Cyzenicus ſhould affiſh her zenicus au'xilzor major eldeﬅ-ſon Ptolemy,._ſent aid to ſiiiy-r. Ptolematus, mitta - Grypus,- and-gave Se'lene in auxilqum. Gvþus, et do i marriage to, the enemy- her; Selme in. matrimonium former huſband. hoﬅiJ-þrior ma'ritus. When Eumenes underﬅood Cum Eumems cogmffc'o .. theſe things, he called his hie, convoco miller, et pri ſoldiers together, and firﬅ he: mo ' ago it gratia, quod gaVe them thanks, that none . nemo mvenia, qui anteþo was found who preferred the umno ſhe: fidesſſ cruentui ſacramntum premi ,* , hopes of a bloody reward- to tum. rallzſidectjubnecto ju'ſi _ the obligation of his oath; then he cunningly ſubjoins, conſingo hit' rþgflola, at; that he had forged thoſe let exptrior animu:*ſuus.,_ ters, that-he might try their affections, A great many other famous Multm. alz'us purch things were recorded of queen ru-x Prodo 'regi'na Scmim Semiramis: For not being mix : Siquzſidem mm cow. content to defend to the ten tut tutor ter-minate fogg bounds of her kingdom, ſhe num, adjirio Athioþia. added [Ethiopia to her em imþerium, et i bectum pro pire, and made war upon In fero in India, quo pra- dia, whither nobody ever ter < illa et t- Alexander r came beſides her and Alex-am Magnus mmo intro. der the great._ Caeſar ſaid to the Helvetian Caeſar dica Helvetizu t ambaſſadors, that though lega'us, quum is itaſum; ffl thoſe things Were ſo, vet if tamenfi do obſesſui, uti . they would give him pledges, intelligo is facio is, qui - that he might ſee, that they pollz'cca, \et ſatiofaria would do thoſe things, which Edui de' injuflſia, qui they promiſed, and Would ſat irz/tra ſociuſque, et isfy the Edui forthe ſi injuries. they Aflobrogt'; "N'z '-'-"" m A rue-w xNTROD'UCTION- ſo they had done them and their Aflobrogu ilcm, ſuiſdcio allies, and the Allobroges fox cum iſ. likewiſe, that he would make peace with them. Cambyſes ſucceededCYrus. Cambyſes ſu'ccedo'- Cy- . He added Egypt to the empire ſits. Adjicia digjptus. of his father; but being- of zmþen'umtus ſuþerﬅzſitio patcr zigyj'tur, ; ﬅd zra. fended at the ſuperffitions of the Egyptians, he-orderedthe jubca cedar Apis, catcryue daw, crua. Ptfflea add' temples of Apis, and the oth parricidzctum jacrilegz'um : er gods to be pulled down. A'am ſum difficzſilzs is par Afterwards he- added parri cide to his ſacrilege: For parco 0 ſitu: dun. cognatus, qui ſſ no', it was hard- for him-to ſpare his relations, who had-not ſpared the gods. XVhen he died,-he-left the Cum deade', relz'hquo guardianſhip of his ſons to a tutelaſilizcsflrvusſþetla ſlave of approved fidelity, and tus ſides ; et tantusſum ſo great was the reſpect-for ommct:amor mmaria ; ut male is þanſio' aþud his memory among the peo ple, that they choſe rather to fervu; quam deſcro rex. obey a ſlave, than forſake the ſiſius ,- et princeps civitm . king's ſon ; and the great oþlttur digmtasſuur, pa men of the kingdom, forget tiur rcgmm. adminiﬅh, pnz/rſicnuuhv ing their honour, ſuffered the government to be manag-l ed bya ſlave. When Bacchus led 'his ar-. Cum Liber duco exercit my to lndia, he delivered thev tus in India, trado Potejl' kingdom of Thebes to Niſus, tas regnum Thebanu: Nzſifiu, nutnſiculu: ſuun his foﬅer father. But after- Bacchus was returned from Sed þq/tea guam inde no thence, Nifus refuſed to re verto-r Liber, Ng'ſux 'xcgo fiore the kingdom to him. rgflituo Ttgnum z'J. " God's prophets-have fore Vale: divinus pra-nun told many. wonderful things cia multus mirus mundu'xz: to the world ; they have been' mz'tto ut admoneo þeccator ſent to put ſinners in mind of beatitudo eternm, et u' eternal happineſs, and ſhew 'mon/fro amnis-via ad ir; _ all men the way to it. Seeing you _have- promiſed Cum -t0tics promitto at - poked-band, not performedi . prcﬅe-nzbzl,l poﬅ/'ac 'um \ l icredq.l < l

\ I' '* I." IÞ*

'earl-'A'TTINFLANGUAC E. 205; ſmall-not' believe'you'again : credb tu : Sun-t indignur You 'arenot Worthy of credit. ſides. Nemo committo ar Let nobody commit ſecrets to canafidee is, quiþrmiet'w his truﬅ', who' romiſes ſecre taciturnitas, et ﬅatim Obli his'promſiiſe.cy, and' immediately forgets viſcor promz'ffltm. A maﬅer forgiveth ſdhorars Praceþtar rmltta neg their neglect: B'ut if hfihould-I [ectus ſum dtflipulu: .* always '- ſorgiVe them;" they Sedſi ſemper igmzſcoſe, would; at*"length, become bold' ta'ndem'ſi'o audak-'et 'ſin- and incapable of amendmen t. corrigibilis. The covetous man com'i' Avaru 'empona magi pares great things with ſmall, mu 'pan-m, e' pzfflpamr' and 'diſregards eVerytthing-ink omni: nummus. Sena: cornpariſon with money. Old' comparaſui'ſenex, e' am 'len compare themſelves with tefero nium negotium. old men, and-prefer retireA- At'þuer fere ſqflMM ment to buſineſs: But boy: ﬅriu's balm." general-ly- poﬅþone' ſeriem' mitters to 'diverſiom Fools compare themſelves Statute conflro: ſad" withflehliire'to great virtue"; men, and But prefer wiſe" magnurluþta': ct-uirt'zu': et prepano-uoa Sedſa'þi men'put themſelves err-'a le'vſſel CTZJ eyne ſui irzferio'r, e' with their inferior', an'd prea preſent amidtin yawning fer friendſhipto'money-ythey pullſ/re ape: libe'tar, c valbe-weal'th'lefi than liberty, v aittrfimto m'bnfirvittis: and'preſe'r death lt'o *ſl'a\fery.' .. _God hath" given" ad maw Doth doſubh'mis'b: countenance to man, Beitow'ed ' mix; trih'ta'ts' mulm doe mlnd;on him many and rantedendbwtnbntk him"ctthe of'- inafiimtu, domicilium eflargiavi: _,- qui terrſug'J earth for'a ha ita't'i'on, which ger'o pie-cur, min Yicld's graſs for cattle', aſſerds" iﬅroflor aþir, flaþ'þedit" flowers for bees," ſuppſilie' alimentum home, cope-i Fqu'fbr" man, and furniſhe's '* [no Mefictag-m'n fliel for'fire. - ' [ſithisffltytrant- will noti're-i SF' hr'c metrum; nbldi alike libe'itY'td the" citizcttnsſi' 'redde libht'dr civil, 're/fie! return th'ltt'gs to their 'owner-s,- tue" 'er-ſi dmium ſum; reſundthe moneyto' the peo- retn'buo pecunia popular; Ele, nor'i-e"zy*td'every one ' m 'umr rependa guz'ſgue lioſhtjj t eYPeople 'ought to ſunsſtzeptdur 'debte gun; leek' "1 tGG ANZW INTRODUCTION un ſeek for themſeIVes another 70 aliu: þrcſcctusſui,ot* governor, and þrocure an en que acquira hqflis inimi emy to their ſoe. curſuus. This covetous fellow lays Hic avarus paro divit up riches for others, but he izz altar, ſed non [mria willnot gain praiſe to himſelſz' lau: fiti .* Nuþcrſþondeo ' He hath lately betrothed his ſilia vir, qui þocticeor am daughter to a gentleman, to p/us dos; ſed non preﬅ', whom he has promiſed a large qui promitto i: ; nant portion 5 but he will not per ﬅatuo relinquoþcrmagnu: form what'he has promiſed harcditaxſiliux. him; for he deſigns to leave a Very great eﬅate to his ſon. The gentleman, who uſed Vir guiſolco mitto litt to ſend letters and preſents to ra et munu: tu, nunc m you, begins now to claim and cipia qffira ct vindica aſſume high titles to himſelf: magnu: titulusſui : De You owe him a great ſum, bco ilk grandi: pecunia, and it is not your part to pay et non ſum tuusſolua is him bad money inﬅead oſ adulterinus nummus pra, good; you owe your life to tenus ; debte vita. illa. him. This man brings good news Hic homo nuncio res. to us; he has told the whole letu: rgo ; narro omni: affair to his maﬅer, and has aſ re: dominus ; et memaro ſigned me the reaſon that he ega can/a uare itafati0._ did ſo. l give credit to his TribuofiZ: verbum, non words, for he does not uſe to enimſulea dicoſaiſu: quip. tell a falſhood to any one ; UiJ ; ſed. loguar verum but ſpeaks the truth to all ; in omnir, hit in re: ago beneſh this 'affair he has behaved rgſera is gratia. , well, I will return the favour. lt is the part of a fool to Sun' flullur declare diſcover his ſentiments to ev fimentiaſuus quivis, ex ery one, to unfold his thoughts plica (agitatioflus irri-. to mockers, to expoſe his miſ fir, imicur, cszono aut errorſuu: aþenſio auris. in takes to enemies, or to open his ears to flatterers : But we affintatordtſiſa quivis : re: At verm-þtſſum mia in may diſcover any thing to a friend, or ſignify our mind to cur, autfignifica men: is him by a letter. per Iitem. lt is the part of a good man Sum banus air manﬅro, to ſhew the way to him that 'ia crram, et 'fiende is, ,_ wanders, inn, d'P U '

'nu- LATIN LANGUAGE. 10? Wanders, and point out to iter. Sum etiam bony: him his road. lt is alſo the vir conſitear precatum part ofa good man to confeſs Deus, et fateor error [w is ſins to God, and own his mo. At improbe ſacio, miﬅakes to men. But he does qui nega apt; pain'd, aut wickedly, who denies aid to inficz'or legatum home, qui his country, or refuſes a lega legator relzngua. cy to the man, to whom the teﬅator hath left it. Pain takes away the. enjoy Dolar auſero fructu:_ ment of pleaſure from men valuþta: home, et jape and often removes ſleep from adima ſomnus occulus. their eyes. Wine removes Vinum exzctmo onasſo'lzcitus the load from the anxious .'z71imu.r, et demo nube: ſpirit, and takes off the gloom ſuþerrilium .' Sed ſum Praþnſiuir philqſhj/hia de from the brows :_ But it is the property' of philoſophy to tra/za error mema remove'error from the eyes. A wiſe man ſuits himſelf to Saþiem accommodoſui nature, and adds virtue to natura, et addo virtu: virtue: But a fool gives up virtu: .' At ﬅultus addi his mind to intemperance, ca animur intemperantia, and brings miſery on his coun et adſero calamz'tar pa try ; ſometimes he turns rob tria; interdumſio lqtro, ber, and puts, a ſword to the et admaveo gladius jugu throat of his countrymen ; he lum civis; adjungo ſin' joins to himſelf Wicked fel prauu: homoſoczus, et ad lows as companions, and adds jicz'a vire: malum. ſtrength to the miſchief. A braVe man eaſily pardons Fortir vir fdtile igneyl others many thingS, himſelf co aliur mullu:,ſui ni/u ;. nothing : he proclaims war indite belt-'um cuþidzta: againﬅ his luﬅs, but never ſuur, fld nunguam cupio deſires to make war upon inſcra charm, Patria, nec his country, nor engage him non in eroſui ciuili: diſ ſelfin civil broils; he rather ſentio; mab inſigo telum chooſes to faﬅen his darts in tergum haﬅir, incutz'o ter. the back of his enemies, to ror illa, out irrigo pen' ﬅrikea terror into them, or þeccani. to inflict puniſhment on crim mals. We ought to oppoſe a ﬅout Debea oþþano fordo' heart to hard fortune: *But frectur miner/us rer: Sed "all _ mew, des _ ame-w iN-'raonUcznon T we ought not to throwmur- um' dtbeo objiciar cgo te Jelves in among-the idarts of, lum hpﬅi:,,et affirm Caput the enemy, and - ertpoſe, our ;_prrziqubzmſinekcq_ilſa,prc 'life to danger without cauſe, zſertim 'ignotum nax in eſpecially now when night cjþio offimdo caligo term. heginsto ſpread darkneſs over the earth. The bees prepare meat for edpis .zp.rzflgro allays winter 3 and a king ought to hiemJ .' et Femalebeojwi imitate them, and provide to' is', et ſum) inquiſum sthoſethings that are neceſſa- neceflſiariur bellum qut ab ry for war, ora ſiege ; he ought ſidia ,- .-deþeo þmficio dux to ſet a generaland lieutenants et legatu: caþig etþraſctibo -over his forces, and preſcribe umſguſſque mynia ſum, to every one his duty, that he ut þvffumpfa'eludeadiwr may-beable to prevent acceſs hoﬅis. r to the enemy. - The king, being frighted, Rex tewſlur, ſubda ſi.put's ſpurs to his horſe, and calm-r equus, etfixbcraha withdraws himſelf from the ſui þugna ; journeys battle; his army was routed trfundofugoque. Urb: et and put to flight; the Cities oþþidummax capifizbmil and towns, ſoon after began to to ſui victor, et ſubſide ſubmit themſelves to the con- ſin' imperium is. queror, and ſubjectthemſelves to his government. ' Gold and poverty have of- Aurum ettiþauþertas ten perſuaded men to . bad ſzþeſuadco malum homo Q things ; but I give thanks to ſed ago gratia Deus, quod God, that my brother has frater meusſaciaju nul 'done you no wrong ': I give lar injuna : Habeoſide: credit to the words of the verbum nuncius magi: meſſenger more than yours ; guam tum; nola deade I-will not ſhut my ears to the auris veritas. truth. God, who has threatened Dear, qui minor gravt': moﬅ dreadful puniſhment to ſupplicium imþius,jubeo the wicked, commands us ega ﬅatue madus Cupid' to ſet bounds to our deſires, noﬅer, et injicio ſramurss and give a check toluﬅ_: Let libido .* Commado, igitur, us, therefore, lend a patient pattens aurir monitum is, ear -to his admonitions; let 'ne dedo ago valuþtas g us not devote: ourſelves to magic: pleaſure mu- LA'T IN L AN on A'C E. xog jfleafirrevnor give uprourſelvesx atque trado jcgamct ficor. eke ſloth nor-idleneſs. dia net vero ignavto. n . Aft-erv this Alexander in Pqſh hit Alexanddr w; =vites.his friends toa. ſea-It; to amicus ad containſ-um. ubi cum mentio on'or re: where, when mention .was gutſi Philzþ'þus Pater is made of the things which, Philip his-Tarherhad done, he gero, cept" presſ-tra ſat' began to prefer himſelf before szztcr, et; extallo magmſi his 'fathom and to. extolthn tude, res, ſuzus &lum-ten greatneſs ofvhisrown exploits nus, dum mugmtr Pars > to heaven, whilﬅ the greater conviuaaffintar._ 3, > . par; of the gueſts ſaid as he ſai . * W hen the ambaſſadors . of' _Cum legatus 'untie/ad the Athenians came to Alci. Alcibiades, palliceor is biades, he promiſed them. the amiszitz'a nx, ſz aſp-Act. lking's friendſhip, if_ the gov (a tranﬅatus -ſorem a ernment ſhould be transferred zPoþulus ad Senatus. A- - from the people to the Senate. t/zenienſis, quodþerz'culum The Athenians, becauſe the bellum is immt'nto, ſum danger oſ the war hung over magnus cum ſalus qmm them, had a greater care of dignitas s itagm imþcri their ſafety than honour; um tranffcro ad Senatus; 'wherefore the government is transferred to the Senate. The coming of the Cartha 'Adventus Carthag-im'ena ginians into Sicily recalled ſis in Sicilia revoco tyran Dionyſius, the tyrant, out of nusCartizagzinienſis, ex Ilalia. ſum Hanna; daw' Italy. Hanno, the Carthagi nian, was general of. that war, isv lie/lum, gus' im'm'cus; whoſe enemy, 'Suniatus, the Suniatus, palm: Pain', moﬅ powerful of the Cartha "amor Framu-'nrio adorn. ginians, endeavoured to give tus is Dian/Must notice of his coming to Dio-. nyſius. - X After Alexander, Arrybas"s Paflguam -Alcxandcr,' ſtep ſon, and brother of Olym Arrybas privigmcs, a pias, was come to thc- ageof fmter Obmpias,.pemcmſio tWenty years, Philip, king oſ ad wtas vz'lgz'ntzſi minus, Macedonia, took the kingdom Philzþpus, Ten' Mote-do of Epire from Arrybas, and m'a, m'pso reguum Epi gave it to the youth, being rus Anylas, et dofflucr, wicked towards both 17 For he ſcelgﬅus in utcrgue: Nam K did . non die A an -INTRODUCTION TO did not obſerve the laws of non ſervoju: cognatio in affinity towards him, from is qui qdimo regnum, et whom he took the kingdom ſacio ir, qui do imþudicus, and made him, from whom antequamſacia rex. he took it, a debauchee, be fore he made him a king. Almoﬅ all the Eaﬅ appoint Totur fere Oriem- con ed divine honours and tem ﬅituo divinxr honor et ples for jaſon, which, after temþlum jqſan, qui poﬅ many years, Parmenio a gen multus annur, Pamenio, eral of Alexander the great, dux Alexander magnus, ordered to be pulled dOWn, jubeo diruo, ne nomen. leﬅ the name of any one quffquam ſum venera ſhould be more venerable in bilis in Oriem, nomen the Eaﬅ, than the name of Alexander. Poﬅ mors Alexander. After the death jaflm, Medius i: ſilius ofJaſon, Medius his ſon built rando urbs Media in ha the city of Media, in honour nor mater. of his mother. The Athenians, therefore, Athenienſir, igitur, ad- ' againﬅ ſo great a ﬅorm of war veiſus tantus temþeﬅas chooſe two generals, Pericles, bellum, deliga duo dux, aman of tried conduct, and PCTZCZCJ, oir ffieflatus Sophocles, the writer of trag virtur, et Soþ/zocles,_/briþ edies; who both laid waﬅe tor tragedia, qui et ver/lo the land of the Spartans, and ager Spartani, et adjicio addedto the many empire cities of theſiAtheni of Achaia multus civitas Ac/mia imþeriu'm Athenienfir. 1: ans. This affair procured to rer concilz'o dux amor ci the generals the love of the air. citizens. - Wherefore, as all the pre Itaquc cum omni: pro cus invito ad nuPtzſſrz, tenders were invited to the wedding, the Grecian ﬅrau Graeu: lioflies rage etiam gers are deſiredlikewiſe to the ad convioium ; deinde feaﬅ; then the young lady, uirgo, introductus, juþeo being introduced, was order quiaþater elzſigo porrzgo vir. Ille, aqua. cem is, ed by her father to deliver water to him, whom ſhe choſe verſus ad Grari, parrigo for her huſband. She, turn aqua 'Protir, qui paﬅea ing to the Greeks, delivers (unde the water/to Protis, who af _ terwards

- a. _ wx -="'*'_"-\__._-- A .-

'rue LATIN LANGUAGE. I 1 I terwards built Maffilia nigh condo Maffilia Proþe eſſe' the mouth of the river Rhone. um amm's Rhodanus. Claudiur Caeſar inſero Claudius Caeſar made war bellum Britannzſia, qui nuL' upon Britain, With which none of the Romans after Ju lus Romanus poﬅ julius lius Caeſar had meddled; he Creſar attingo ; addo added likewiſe' ſome ifiands etiam quidam i'zſula foſ lying on the ocean beyond tur in oreanus ultra Britain to the Roman empire, Brz'tannia Romanu: impe which are dalled the Orkneys, rium, qui aþlþel'lo Ormn'er, and gave the name of Britan imjzonoque nomen B7 elf-o na nicus to his ſon. nicusſilz'urſimr.

Veſpalian was a prince of Vgſþaſianu: ſix-m ſwin the moﬅ charming goodneſs, ' ceþ: þlucidu: bin/hat, who did not eaſily puniſh qui non ſacz'leþunio r 'us thoſe guilty of treaſon againﬅ pwnamqjeﬅas exzſilz'um, contra ſui ſed ulx'ra ffizm himſelf beyond the pain of baniſhment ; but he was am'dur pec-unt'a, tamrn z'm too greedy of money, yet ſo ut auſero is nullur t'njuſ _ that he took it from nobody te, et largior is ﬅudioſe unjuﬅly, and beﬅowed it very indigens. Adjicih' due .Js;z'-c'...-__ ſi a liberallyHe added on two people very in ctpotent want. valz'dus gem, vigintj op proxtſimuspidum, et Birttannia inſula Vectc Ro nations, twenty towns and the Sad *ct ſi' iſle of Wight near Britain, to manus imþerium. '\. a i, the Roman empire. Under hie quoque jade-a arte-do i. him too, Judea was added to Romanur imperiumj'- et the Roman empire, and Jeru Hilrryolyma, tlaruslurbs ſalem, the moﬅ famous city of Pale ina. Paleﬅine. ffl . Cyrus takes Sybaris, and Cy ru: affumo Sabiriþ, Vh repairs to. Perſepolis; where et regredzctor-ad Perſe-paling? \ ' a;' he called the people together. ubi convoco popular, et' ' r and orders them all to be ready jubeo omnts 'Aud 'i with axes, and cut down the (um ſecum, etrfxrt let wood, which hung over the va, quz zrnmt'neb via J' highways ; which when they cum ﬅrenue facio inn;" had readily done, he invites omnir ad'eþulumprſizict-j. '_ ' them all to a feaﬅ the day Wc a r after.

CHAP.

.- I._____, __-v. _='_...,,-._.___.

In A in" IN-TROKDU'CTLON' 730.

*c H A P. xxvn.

o After Verbs of Local Motion, as to, wdoz air-rid, propero, ſg/Zino, perjo, ſugio ,-- and Verbs, that ſignify tendency to Motion as tendo, vc'r g0,ſpcct0, Pertimo, the-Accqſatiz'c wich ad,is to be uſed, rather than the Dative : For, the Prepoſition, to, after theſe Verbs is not the ſign of the D:axive..

GOD frequently inviteth US? invite pea. ſinners to eternal happi catar ad felicita: -e neſs; he daily calleth them ternus ; guatidie vow ilk to repentanw; he ſpeaketh ad Wite-mia ; loguvr ad moﬅ graciouſly unto them; illa benigne ; Fare parent he hath prepared all-things to' pamtzns onsms, gus for penitent ſinne's, that: be. [mflinw ad beati'udv. Jong to happineſn A faithful md'ﬅer exhort'oeh Magifler fidu: lum' his pupils to diligence and &fiiþflu it. ad diligent-is induﬅry in their ﬅud'ie's, et induﬅm'a in flzdz'um I which will be very beneficial guiflm-wtih's idle. * to them. The ſcholar that playeth Dtflipwtus, qui had', z when he goeth to ſchool, ſhall cum eo ad ſcbohz, do þz ſuffer ſevere puniſh-ment; and na fivem; te pretern beſidesthat, when he cometh cbm redeo ad ﬅudizzmſu to his ﬅudy again, his buſineſs m, PCYu-W- is male/f is more Weariſomc-becauſe of tur a tgnaum PHZICTZ his 'paﬅ idleneſs. q tus. ' . Man haﬅeth to his end, Ham) þrrffiera-adſinis whilﬅ he ſeemeth ﬅrong of ſun's, dam videor robuﬅm body, and ſprightly in mind ; corpus, et' alarm- mzns, et and is every now and then ſime ſubimiz Proþe man near his death ; many dangers ſuus; periculum may: ſurround him, one of which cingq iſ, qui unu: þtſſum may bring him to his grave.. duco ill; ad ſepulc/Lrum. v * 3 The 1224.: THE LATIN LANCUAGE; 113 The general conformed Dux co7zſorma fixt' ad' himſelf to the inclination of volunta: rcx, et ſcch us the prince, and called the vil adfizi voro: Lacgffo ago lains before him: They had ad ira, þravoco ago ad provoked us to anger, had cerMmm, anima alius ad challenged us to a combat, had idem crimen, et ﬅimulo i; ſpirited up othersto the ſame ad arma. Paﬅridie, ta crime, and ſpurred them on men, dux invito omnis ad to arms. The next day, how eþulat, et hartor is ad ever, the general invited them [man all to a feaﬅ, and exhorted them to peace. The love of praiſe rouſes Amor laus ficſcita li' men to their duty, diſpoſes mo ad offia'umſuus, incli their minds to ind'uﬅry. and no animus ad diligmtia, incites them to glorious ac et incito i; ad przclaru: tions : But the love oſ money facinus : Sed amor num; prompts men to villainous mus inﬅigo vir ad malu: practices, allures them. to an, allicia i: ad neguitia, Wickedneſs, and entices maids et pellicio virgo ad ſlu to diſhoneffy. prum. WVhilﬅ all were amazed at Cum ammlr ﬅuþeo al the cruelw tyranny of Ariﬅoti mus, Helenicus,ſi an old man, ſcvus dominatia Argﬅoti muþr, Hellcm'cus, ſcnex, Who had no children, gathers qui nullus [z'bz'ri ſum, together his friends, and ex contra/20 amiru: ſuus, et horts them to the deli-yery of lzortor ii ad vindicta pa their country. They con tria. Conjuro in raþut ſpire together againﬅ the ty tyrannur, et Ariﬅatimm rant's life, and Ariﬅozimus is oþpnctmoi ſuppreſſed. ' lt is a commendable thing Laudabili: firm þuer for a boy to apply his mind to adjungo animux ad ﬅu the ﬅudy oſgoodletters; they dium bonux ctum; ſum will be always uſeful to him, ſemper utz'li: illa, concih'o they will procure him the ilk _ favor et amar þomu, faVOur and love of good men, qui ſapiem aﬅimo plu: Which thoſe,that are wiſe,value guam divide et volup more than riches and pleaſure. few. All the rivers run into the Omniyfl'uui'u: curro in ſea, and we all haﬅen to one man, et ego- ommlr ſed'e: habitation. My brother en prayers ad unm. Men; 'ered the army, went to a ſratcr to in militia, vaſſdv x 2 battle; z. 114. A new lNTROD-UCTI'zOfflNL-ro battle ; but being conquered, in þmlium, ſed . "Eut, he haﬅened to the ſhore, fled. ſcﬅino ad littus, fugia in. into Africa, and went to the A rim, at per-go ad urbs city of Carthage. Hisfriends, -a_rt/1ago. Amicur, ad _t0 whom the buſineſs chiefly qui re: maxime perduta, belonged, afterwards brought poﬅ 'a reduce : Annquam him back : His years are now ver-go in ſenium._ Via-tent on the decline towards eld _ad arduur tendo. age. Virtue t alms at high things. It belong: to paren'ts and Attinwad parem- et maﬅers to exhort children to Practpwr cxhortar limcrv vvirtue. vIt conduces mueh to ad uirtui'. Canducomul the good of- the common calm ad bonum. nflmblica wealth to ſavour learned men. favco uir dotZus, Sun. _It is a wicked thing to en ncfanſiur hortor aLiuJ ad ,courage others to wickedneſs. ſchus. Sumþrudemþu It is the part of a prudent boy er ecyunga animus ad. to apply his mind to the ﬅudy fludium time: et virtus._ of learning and virtue. Caeſar provoked the enemy C-z'ſarprovoco ho/ii: ad' 40 battle. lll language ﬅirs Imgna Convitium inﬅzſi 7 men up to anger. It tends to go lwmo ad ira, Sþect" the good. of the publick, that ad utz'l'itas Teſþublica, ut rogues be puniſhed. Temper improbu: punio. Tempe ance avails much to the health rantia make multllm ad: of the body. ſalus corþur. ' Affectiomctates mitto 16 The Apolloniates fiend am_ zbaſſadors to Caeſar, and receive gatu: ad Cq'ſar, et rect' him into their tOWn. The þia is in oþþidum. Bul Bullidenſes, Amantiani, and aliu:lia'enſcs, ſim'timus- Amdntia'ni, czſimſitasſc at; other_ neighbouring Cities follow them, ſend ambaſſadors quarts, mitto,kgatus ad to Caeſar', and' promiſe him, Caſar, et þollz'cear is ſuiy that they would do whatſoever facia quitmfficro ; gtn' cum. he ſhould comfnand; which Pompeius medio, magnay when Pompey heard, he was crc party rba. wonderfully ſurpriſed. Darius alſo, ,king_of the t X Dariu: etiam, rex Per Perſians, mindful- of his fath ſa, memor paternm et a er's and grandfather-'s hatrcd vitus odium inn-MI- A againﬅ the city of Athens, thena, facia ſocz'etm me' made a leaguc with the Lace Latedmmmlus þgr-Tz'ffiz dzmoniane . \-_ fewer, t/

e bauLATIN LANCUAGE. '115 _ dzmonians by 'Ii-ſſafemesytheh farms,v þ'afefiur Lydia, governor of Lydiy pwmiſmg pallim'tuy is omnis ſun'ſ. them all the charge of the tus bcilum: nam times, war ;* for he was afraid, leﬅ, mſiusne, þqflquam oincb Athenienſis, Lard-ema after the Lacedamdnians had - Hamſ-ere 'la-'m adſueſi, conquered the Atheniansv they would t-ran er their, arms to-him, v - he critia art 'camp-riſes ' Critic'u: ah- complect'nr/ three 'thinge Liiijfl, rules, 'end - tra; r - prim'J, manithm et precepts belonging to the Or þrndþtum þtHinem nal der, aceording to- which we ordo, ﬅcumium qui-dubiou ought to read the ancients; tcgo vctw; ſecunda', ca non gle Interzbretatia wr- v ſecondly, canons concerning bum et locutzſio _: tcrtidþ the interpretation of words and expreſſions 7- thirdly, Przwptum de judicium'. precepts concerning the gin' drlzc'bſera de liber 'me judgment, made oſttl'd that an'ſitho'tsh ought r toz he i tus auctor., ' - ' I _ W'hen Gallimander 'was _ . Gum Gaflifinmch. pare. brought to the kinghnot only. " douce ad Mix, non tantum pardon,,b\1ta rew-amor his'fi: 1 ſides veniajdd do inﬅa'ctmﬅzſigorDtm eHa'mþm-mium. nhidesdclity wasDſiemettſiik given s.-.}u::_wil'y,-_-amlx him ; but he mcniu: g'mviier, et rtm'it fends himback to his Wife into za 'conjux in Hyrcunizz, Hyrcan-ia, and orders him to be ctjubeo is oþſctvo arctiuth kept more ſtrictly. A littl'eaſter Paulo pafl ttNo damn he attempted to make his efl ſuga.;ﬅd retraho et fish. cape again; but was brought duce ad 7sz qui ing/carp back and dominated to the in, etjubeq ix ſum-invocat king, who was Very angry rofiſjzcctus. A with him, and-ordered him-to be removed out of his ſight, Darius maribmdu': diſi Darius, ready to die, ſaid, that he thanked Alexander to, ſuz' ago' grand Alex for his kindneſs and generoſi under pro humanity: Et, ty to his relations; that he hberalitas is ill/nd: _:ſtl'; prayed the gods that they þ'rch Dan m' 'do is im would give him theem ire of pm'mn to'm; ter-'dram an, the whelp world; anxas- to ctbij j (ii-quod PerZi'teb ad' what belonged to the revenge ultidm'orsſlw, non' ſink of his death, that it was not ſuus tahtumſiſed cummunis his only, but the common calgſa omnis nxhqziz ſum cauſe wdecorus '16 A le lNTRODUCTION To cauſe of all kings, which it indeca-ru: et pEricziloſu: was very diſhonourable and Alexander negligo. dangerous for Alexander to neglect. The captain general of the Dux Gallu: gra'ulor Gauls congratulated them, be is, quod animadverto is cauſe he perceiVed they be pertinco ad cum den: longed to the care oſ the im immortalir ; dono torqui: mortal gods; he preſented a a. 'cus dca, etjungo ami golden calf to the goddeſs, cuia cum i: in þerþetuum. and made an alliance with them forever.

c H A P, xxvm. Verbs of Accuﬁng, Cona'emm'ng, Wanting and Acquitting, govern an Accuſative of the Per ſan, and the Genitive of the Crime or Thing.

NE ſcholar accuſeth an DISCIPULUS aliu: other of idleneſs, and accuſb aliu: ignavia, though the maﬅer heareth et quamvw preceþtor au their accuſations, yet he pun dio delatio it, tamen pu iſheth thoſe only, whom he m'o ill: ſalus, qui pell' thinks guilty. rew. When a murdcrer obtain Cum homicida obtineo eth pardon, though he eſcap venia, quanquam evile eth the gallows, yet he is not þatillulum, tamen non. cleared from guilt. þurgo Rd: realm. adveﬂctu: admanca Adverſity puts men in mind oſ religion. Thy ſickneſs homo religio. Marble: ought to put thee in mind of dcbco moneo lu mors. death. He was cleared of the crime Abſbluo crz'men qui ac of which he was accuſed. cuſe. Accuſo gravis ſce He was accuſed of the moﬅ lus, ſed aþſulua omnis. heinoua crimeS, but cleared of all. This Iſis

, wſſwow,

THE LA'T IN- LANG UAG E l Thie man was condemned Hic h'a'mo d'ahtna cat-des, for murder, and theo'ther was 'et aſhes damn-a reþetundw. tendemnod for briber'y: He, that aecu'ſes another of Q'm' accujb 'atte-r pro a crime aught to 'look -well to Izrum, dcbe'o int'uw-r ſit-i himſelf ': For it is the proper ipſe: Ndm ſum ﬅultw, ty of a fool 'Po 'accuſe another inuzflrnlter peccatum, qui of a-fault, 'of whichhis ſelf is z'þſcſum-conflim. r uilty. 'Theſoldiers were in a rage, Miles/ ſhew, et Clzpi _ and 'began to charge 'the tri arguo tribunus Majeſies bunes with treaſon and et profit-is, et inſimuſb treachery, and 't-o accuſe the cmtuno cum-ma. ' centurions of avarice. The deputies haVe- accuſed' Legatu: Po/Zulo his ſw 'this den of extortion ;- he MO - rrþetmdtt ; non cannot govern his tongue, he pqſſum moderar Hugua, filligoſutſifurtum, aut am will make himſelf guilty of theft, or bribery. . ' bz'tus. Forbear 'to charge your Pa-rca damno amz'cm friend with villany, -or re tuusſcclus, aut infamo i: proach him with arrogance; arragah-lia ;_ condemn' he condemns himſelf o£ raſh 'ma-May, condemno ſui neſs, he condemns himſelf of amentza. * fooliſhneſs. . ' The Senate neither freed the Smuhts m-c [ibmo how, man of the fault, nor accuſed culpa, nec arguaj, ſed' him; but after 'he had clear jþoﬅquamþmgoſui onim'y, ed himſelf 'of all the vthings, qui affiro, judex algſhlah that Were alleged, thejudges is znju-rza. ' uitted him of the treſpaſs. r infirmityoften reminds, Imbecilliitas myhrſaffit ds Of mortality, ſickneſs warns admonco ega mortalitar, 06 of death, adVerſity ought 'n'am-buy moneo ago man, to admoniſh us of- our duty, re: advnſu: debcu com fnd put us in mind of relig monefacia-c'go officium noſ ibd. ter, et commence) ego reli gw. Hip-pins ordered the mur Hiþþia: jwbco vinn-'K derer of' his brotherto be ſeiz fector fmtctſuzu compre ed; who, being forced by henda; qui, roactu; pri torments to name thoſe, that tormentum. nomtno ii, qui 'are guilty of the murder, ſum conſciu: mach, no_m named me 'il

us ANlW INTRODUCTION 'to named all the tyrant's friends, ina omni: tyrannus ani that were flain. His courage cus, qui interſicia, Hic put the city in mind of their virtu: admoneo civitar li liberty, and Hippias was at bertas,ago in exilzſium.et Hiþþias tandem length baniſhed. When the army oſ the Cum excrcitur triginta thirty tyrants, of which the tyrannus, qui par: maxi greateﬅ part were Athenians, musſum Athwienſir, fu fied, Thraſybulus called out, gio, T/zraflbulu: ekclama, and put them in mind oftheir c't admoneo i: cognatio, relations, the laws, and their lex, at actuﬅar commit;"

H, old friendſhip in ſo many tium per tot bellum, et or' Wars, and begged, that they at mﬀerea is exul dais.

would pity their baniſhed ' countrymen. He that is accnſed of a Qui actuſhfacinw, aut wicked action, or he that is qui þaflulo de res aliguir, called in queﬅion about any vaca Lucina', reus; ſed thing, is called in Latin 1qu ; qui accuſo rulþa, noaſum but he that is accuſed of a Lamz'nuo in culþa, ncc de fault, is not immediately in þco exiflimo conſciur cri fault, nor oughtto be account mm do-nec probo: Nam, ed guilty of the crime, till it ſi accuſa aliqui: crimc", be proved : For, if to accuſe' ſum ſalt: ad condemnatio, any One of a crime, were ſuſ qui: pqffumſum tutux P ficient for condemnation, who could be ſafe? Alexander, in his paſſage, Alexander,in tran tus, put theTheſſalians in mind of admoneo Thgffalu: mgfi the kindneſs of his ſather cium Pater Philiþþus, ce Philip, and his mother's alli matcrnu: neceffituda cum ance with them, by the ſamily In'c gan; Lacide. - 'Thcſl oſ the zEacidae. The Theiſali ſhlur audio hic cuþide', et ans heard theſe things gladly, crca iſle dux univerſa: and made him captain gener gem. al oſ the whole nation. juhſiu: Ceﬅzrſum ' par Julius Caeſar was a very ſpare drinker of wine, and ſo cu; vinum, et adco indif his ſi diet, indifferent about ſcrms circa victur, ut dico that he is ſaid to have once quandam aþþata canditu: uſed old oil ſerved up inﬅead ol-rum, aþþafltus pro viri of freſh, that he might not diſ, ne vidcar arguo hqſi ſeem ., . ye; Nun LATIN LANGUAGE. ug 'eem to accuſe his entertainer per negligentz'a ncque ruſ of negligence nor ruﬅicity. titiias. ' ' Not long after thpio and Ner multo poſt Caeþio Hiſpo accuſed Marcellus, et Hi/þo plylulo March treaſon.prattor of ' The BithYnia, calſſamities of high oſ lus, pra-lo' Bithynia, ma jcſſar. MZ'ſt-ria zemþw the times, and the inſolence of ct audacia hama facid Hifllo ctforma vilaþqflca men rendered Hiſpo and his celebcr: Primoct ſum cgensi way of life afterwards ſam ous: At firﬅ he was needy et ignotw, at inquics, ad and obſcure, but turbulent, he repoſzrvitt'a Princtjn. made his court to the cruelty of the princes. Capito objected, that Thraſ Caþito oly'cflo, Thraſcd, ca, though inveﬅed with the quamvi: pra-ditu: ſacer prieﬅhood, had nefver made dotium, nunquam immolo oblations for' the ſafety oſ proſalur princepx, (t non the prince, and 'that he had inmſumCaþzſilo ſum ſunus inimicu: Poþea. not attended the funeral of Popea. Capito was an ene Threffca, quod juvo lega tur Cilzctres, dum interm my to Thraſca, becauſe he ſi' go is repetunda. had ſupported the deputies of the Cilieians when they ac . ' cuſed him of extortion. A certain inſormer long ago Delato'r quidam alz'm accuſed this honeﬅ man oſ accuſo hie þrobur vir ſa awicked action; the judges (z'mu, judex tamen non hOWever, did not find him condemno i:ſrelu:,ſcd ab guilty of the villany, but ab ſolvo iſ crzmen. Scelem ſolved him from the charge. tus lzomo conjzctſz'a in (ar The curſed rogue was caﬅ cr-r. ubi vita gravis 'no-ry into priſon, where he leads a exigo. Szzpc damna lemz liſe worſe.than death. He pu: infclzctritas, qui often blames the times for the ſum can/21. miſchief of which he is the cauſe. ., _ On the other ſide, the con Ex altrr par: conſul ſul bid the Romans remember julco Romanus mcmini their former bravery ; he' put pnﬅinus virt ux; admonta them in mind of the Aventine is Avmtinu: et Sam and Sacred Mount, that they - mous, ſhould fight for their liberty, which \ w,

M &MAN. IJNJ'E-'RLOID 'U C T=I O N cto which_thcz'y lately- reqoy mons, nt þugna 10"sz ered. , tas, quz nujch Tempera. Who_doubts but many in Qui: dubita quin muſ gocent perfons have been tux 'home innacqns accuﬁ' 'brought to trialſfor life and' caþut, at da-mmz Caput a? condemned to death? And Et m'ULur hamoſqcinaro that a great many wicked vil fur accuſe; cap-et, et' aþſhl lains have been cried for life,L vo, crimen qui ſum carf/'ci and abſolved from. the crimes us. Seek- mm ſſugiu in. of which they are guilty? ſwculum fume-us; Deus. But they ſhall' not eſca e in non abſplw is ſchu: Qui ' the warld to come. God)will Pea-patre. not abſolve them from the wickedneſs which they have committed. Whilﬅ theſe. things were Dum hie ago in Oriem, done in. the. Eaﬅ, the Atheni Ai/zenimſi: et zEtoli mqq -ans and Etoiians raiſed a war va) bdlum in Gracia ,' in GreeCC, the cauſe of which cauſa qui ſum quod Alex was, that Alexander being ander reverﬁls ab India, returned from India, had ſcriba cþiﬅola in Grecia, written letters into Greece; in qui exul omnis civicar i in which the exiies of all the rg/Zitua, Prztcr is= quel cities were reﬅored, beſides damna cracks. thoſe that had been condemn- - ed for murder. \ ,

'C H A P. XXIX.

Active Teachz'ng,'Warmct-ng, Verbs of dat/zing, Undrc Intreating, mg and celo, Aſhing, gov ern two Accuſatives, one of the Parſon, and the other of tlzc Thing.

ASK pardon of God for OCO Deus venia ab your ſins,who only can peccatum tuus, qui forgive ſinneſ-A. filurpqffum tof. ignqſcopecca ' ſſ Beſide: \ , Pngttr 7_"_'1<-'*--\'*'__ l , m LATL-Nſi LANCUAGEF 121. r \ - i Beſides obedience Chriﬅ Prater obedientia, teaches us chriﬅians faith. Chriſtus docto ego chrz'fli anusſides. a They that conceal - their Qui _ cclq culþa ſuu [to-ma, et indzzo crimcnſu faults from men, and put over u: -tegumentum_ mendaczct their crimes -a *chering of lies, diſpleaſe God, and at'd a um, 'dyſþlicea Dew, et ad greater faultto their own im do culpa magnus impittag pieties.v . , flux. þ * r Do thou only 'aſk ſavour of Tu madq'þqſco den: uc the_.gods. v, - ma. gotoſſVerres, v He ordered, thatztheyand demand ſhould oſ jubea, at 'adeo ad Ver res, et reþzffco 'is ſimula. him the ſtatue of Ceres and c/zrum Ceres et victorizz. victory. '\ , ,_ Weall beg _peace of you; - Pax tu þcffca amnis: the ſoldiers beſeech this oſ miles tu his obſecro; du: 'you ; 'thegenerai himſelf en hic tu precor. treatsthis oſyou. N, This one thing ſ begof you, Hic unus tu are, at that-you would ceaſe to lie 3 deſino mentwr ,: ſino ut grant, that I may obtain this cxoro tu hie vema. , favour of you. \ .When I aſk money of you Cum rogo tu nummus Withoutapa'wn; you fay, I ſine pignus ,- non kabea, hIVe none. mquam. l have a bountedus ﬅock oſ Sum ago benignur vemz natural ſenſe, and the rich z'ngcnium, diuesquc xvago court me, though poor ; I im peto pauþer; laceffa deus portune the _,gods for nothing m'hz'l ſuþra, me flagito mpre, nor do I dun my potent potent amicu: largw. friend for greater things. Poverty teache: ſome men Egcﬅas doceo alz'quio temperance, and makes them temþemntia, at dedocco i: rclmquiſh their former faſh prior mar; fld hic home "ms ; but thoſe men actwiſe agq þrudcnter, qui rags ly, who aſk life, health and Deus vita, ſalur, et vtc ſubſiſtence of God. Minerva taught Tctelemach tus. - \* Mincrva edorco Trka ufall her arts; ſhe. taught hlm the laws and._prectcepts of mue/111.,- amnis an ſum; crudio i: [ex [areceþtum War, gite bellum. L 'He Ille , _,,_ 'nvmz

'22 A new INTRODUCTION To I _ He taught this boy theCreek Ille docco hicþucr Gre and Latin languages, he cu: et Latinu: litera, do taught him all the arts; and cco is amnis an, et hie ſſhe' I beſought would ſeaſon him chiefly, his mind that prcſertim ora ut animux is pictas imbuo. with piety. The peo le conferred on Pchs defend is fimcmu: him the overeignty ; they imþcrium ,* non co'zſulo did not take the advice of the ſeniar, negue rogo i: fin more elderly, nor aſked them tcntia ſuus. Ita dum theiropinion. Thuswhilﬅthey ing/cin- Scnatus þotentia, are angry at the Senate's pow trado ſue' cum canjux et er, they deliver themſelves, libcri, in ſervitu: _: ita with their wives and chil gus tyrannur comprehen dren, into ſlavery 3 wherefore daſexagintaſenatar, cam. the tyrant ſeizes ſixty ſena pingo in vinculum, et mi tors, lays them in chains, and nor ille man. threatens them with death. \ After they allwith 'tears had \ Poﬅquam omnix cum begged'peace of the king,he re lachryma þq/'co rex [ba-V, plied, ifthey would give him Teſþmdeo,_/Z do ſui oflſcs, pledges,thathemightknowthey ut intcfligo is facio is qui would do the things-whichthey ſocz'u: pallicear, et ſimſitimw (t ji ſatisfacio ſuus had promiſed,andiſtheywould ſatisfy his allies and neigh de zjzyuna quz uzfcra zjzſc, bours for the injuries they ſizi acia Pax cum u. had done them, that he would make peace with them. Vitellus, bent on the death Vitellus, pronus ad nex and puniſhment of almoﬅ ev atqueſuþpliciumfcre guſ/ ery one, ent off a great many que, accidomultus ubbilis noblemen; he ſcarcely ſpared vir; vix par-so ullux fa hny of the uſurers and publi neratorpublicamzſquc, qui cans, who had ever demanded unquam flagita ſui dcbi of him a debt orduty ; he put tum aut partorium; in to death alſo ſome of the com terimo quidam de plcbs, mons, becauſe they had curſ quod makdica ucnctu: ed the blue faction. factio. After him Marcus Antoni Poﬅ is Marcu: Anta us held the government alone, nius tcnco rgflzublicaſolus, a man of the moﬅ frank gen 'air pramþtus liberalitnx, erflſity, whom all men admir ui omm's mira-r; inﬅitua ed ; he was trained up to phi adfhilgſhphia Per Apol loſophy * lom'u: t

I 'me LATIN LANCUAGE. 123 loſophy by Apollonius, to the lom'ur, adſcz'entia Grzcus knowledge of the Greek litem per Sextus, ncpos ' tongue, by Sextus, the grand Plutarc/zus; Franta, o ſon of Plutarch ; Fronto, the rator, docco is Latinus orator, taught him the Latin htem. - tongue. Pythagoras taught the mat Pythagoms doceo. ma rons chaﬅity and complai trona þudicitia, et obſe ſance towards their huſbands; quiuyn inbvir ,* docro puer he taught the boys modeﬅy modeﬅz'a, ct ﬅudium lilt and the ﬅudy of letters; Ta, intcr hic ingero omnis amidﬅ theſe things he incul ſrugalitas, velut gcnitrix cated upon all frugality, as the virtus ; [audo temperan mother of virtues ; he recomr tia, et enumero, quotidie, mended temperance, and enu vitium luxurz'a. Tantus merated, every day the miſ ſum admiratio [tic air, ut chiefs of luxury. So great paﬅ mar: ſir, ſacio tem was the admiration of this 'flum ex domus is, colugue mſn, that, after his death, is þro deny. they made a temple of his houſe, and worſhipped him for a god. Catiline taught the youth Catilina edaceo juvcn whom he had ſeduced many tur qui z'llz'cz'o multuy ma Zur ſſacz'nus : Nam, uti wicked practices : For as ev quiſqfueﬅudium, ex arras, ery one's fancy, 'according to his age was fired, he furniſhed flagro, prwbco ſcortum whores to ſome, bought dogs alizu, mercor conis et en and horſes for others ; in ſhort quur alius ; poﬅremaffiar he ſpared neither expenſe, co ncgue ſumptur, neque nor his own modeﬅy, provid marlcﬅz'aſuus, dum ſacib ed he could make them ſubject 'ilk oinom'usſidzzſquc ſui. and trufiy to him. \

CHAP. -"'.-----T_:_, \

'24 A new, I_N.T,R.O_D_UCTI_ON '30 >

CHAP. XXX; Verbs that ſignify to Fill, Empty, Lead, Unload', Deprzſivc, Rob, Spoil, Free, Bind, Looſe and Clothc, govern an Ablative of the Thing with which any Veſſel is Filled, E'mpticd, &c. and an Accuſative of the Perjbn, or Thing, that is the Subject. I

THiEF robbeth a trav LAT-Rfl ſyclz'a vialor eller oſ his money ; but pecunial; at tandm at length depriveth himſelftoſ þ'riuo ful-vita: Nequitiq life: For his villany bring enim iradduco is ad eth himſelf to ſhame and decu: et nex. death. , All the upper places were coryſþiaſio Oninis flþcriancompleat: lowsmal' ſeen filled With a great num. ber-oſ ſiTh'e armed Romans men. deprivedthe 7 titudo armatus. Bomamu ſþolio Paul," Carthaginians of' all the iſles, omnir inſula, quittcmoip which they held in the Med mare Meditermncur. iterranean. We ſee, ſome men abound Video q-uidemflma cir ing with money and. wealth, cumflums pecunia. et. opie) yet. do, deſire thoſe things tapwnxdcſwtera , is- maxime m_oſi1y_-_ with which, they qui abufldo- , abound. ' 'After they. had- loaded the, chſſqflam camula aim, altar with þreſents, they diſ re dommz, cxancmſuicua b-'rdcned themſelves oſ cares, m, et oncro navix arma and loaded the ſhip with et commatus, et cgrcffur e arms and roviſions, and ſail partus oþerio totus pela ing out otPthe harbour they gus clqffis. covered the whole ſea With their fleet. The tyrant filled his country Tyrannus imþlea þa with blood and ſlaughter, he m'a ſanguir ct catch, re filled che /

'me LATIN LANGUAGE. 1_25 filled the city with havock plan civitas ﬅrage: et irr and carnage, he filled every ternccio, comþleo omnir houſe with mourning, Which domu: luctus, qui refer filled men's ears with dire cio home auris dine: ru ful rumors. mar. After he' had ſatiated him Poflquam cxþleo ſui ſelf with revenge, after he ultio,poﬅquam ſatio ſui had glutted himſelf with cedar, þqﬅquam ſaturo ſlaughter, after he had ſatiat ſuiſimguis finis, accumbo ed himſelf with the blood of eþulumſſt ingurgit-o ſui citizens, he ſat down to a cihur potuſque. feaﬅ and glutted himſelf with meat and drink. > But Bolus, who eontrouls At xEolur, qui ventur the winds with imperial ſway, imþcnctum premo, ﬅatue' had reſolved when night cum. nox obruo term tem ſhouldcover the earth with bne, oþþrimo is fluctus, darkneſs, to bury them under dum nullur aziſum, qui the waves, whilﬅ there ſhould ler/o animu: wgritudo. be none at hand, rthat could relieve their minds from the diﬅreſs. _ You will eaſily gain over Faciſe divinco bonu: good men by acts of kindneſs; beneſicium ; at necgffi- ſumn. but it is neceſſary to tie up ligu quidam. lex, aﬅringo ſome men by laws, to bind aliur vincuſum, ne impe others with chains, that they dzſi-o bonum publicus Prrz-ua may not obﬅruct the publick tus ſimultas. good by their private quarrels. The wicked endeavour to Maius conor irrito a enſnare others with- the" al liu: iſlcceþ-re vitium; at lure'tnents of vice; but they ſilcflia, non pzſſtm nec expedio [axo ſuijna ſui re cannot diſengage themſelves from troubles nor extricate rumna ; licet enim fortu themſelves from ſor na interdum libero isſuþ rows; for though fortune plicium, nunquamſolva is: ſometimes delivers them from metur. puniſhment, ſhe never frees them from fear. This new philoſophy de privo Hic ago novus quies,ſþolzſio pitilbjbphia ago prives us of our reﬅ, deſpoils us of our judgment, bereaves judicium, arbo egoſcnſus, L 3 '13 fraudo

. __.___.,_ ly. -_ _ 126 A NE'Wv lNTR_O_DUCfiTIO_N r' us of our ſenſes, it cheats the ſraudb adoleſcenr obkcta young men out of their diver mentum, cmungoſcncx ar-Z ſions, cozens the old men out of gentum, into nudo- fmum_ their money, nay itrobs the danum. - * temples of preſents. The ancients uſed to clothe Vetuﬅu: ſolac- tle/fire their bodies with the ſkins oſv corpus ſpelt-um. fern, et_ wild beaﬅs, and to cover the velo delubmm deusfrons ; temples of the gods with at nunc homo ine'uo ſat" boughs ; but men-now clothe ſericu: mflimentum, diam themſelves with. garments of cum bruma amicio term ſilk ; even when winter has nix. covered the earth with ſnow. The Athenians uſed to Athenienſuſoleo coron' crown their conquerors with victor alea, aut ciugo tem olive, or bedeck the temples þus tis caﬅra, laurur, zctzut cum tego exna civi: lay; of their heads with laurel, when they had ſorccd an ene a'rma ; joleo etiam corono my from his camp, or ſaved a þoela liedera aut [am-m, citizen by their arms ; they cmzuzdur calceo ſuccus, et uſed alſo to crown their poets tragedies cothurnus. 'with ivy or laurel ; they ſhod their comedians with ſan dals, and their tragedians with buſhins. After he had taken the en Poﬅquam caþio haﬅir emy's camp, filled with plenty caﬅra rgfertu: copia om of all things, he gave all the nis res, do prada omnir plunder to his own ſoldiers 3 miles finis, et incrcjmn: and chiding the conſular ar conſulari: exercitur, et ip my, and the conſul himſelf, ſe Corfful, inquam, careo he ſays, you ſhall go. without par: pra-do ex ir hoﬅir, your part of the ſpoil of that cqiui tu ipﬅſuvnproþcpre enemy to which you yourſelf a. Were nearly a prey. The ambaſſadors of the Legatus Gallus rever Gauls returning, ſhewed the ſur, Mcndo rex oþes et 'king's wealth and negligence. negligentia. Dico cnﬅra Theyffell him, that the camp ſum reþlctus aurum et ar was ſiiled with gold and ſil gcntum, non ſum muni ver, that it was not ſecured tur vel Udllum vel ; either with a rampart or et ir intermitto omnir mif ditCh ; and that they neglected itaris qffieium; quqſi non all military offices; as iſ they - indige' " did

1.. . an, HAxI-N To V 4? SEa in: not w_ant_the help of the indigeq auxiliumflnum. Noſſrd, becauſe; theyabojunded ' zuthbþnda comam, in old._ Gaul 3 did, ſ0.. abound', . ,. i- Qfllſu-flwadffl ' WWFK With'nurnbersthey filled all "Alla\ oſ' people as i'ctt were that mullitudo,_nis- Aſid i'ulutſi', ut imþlao. ckamg on', with a ſwarm.v Finally nei penique mq'ue rex Offens ther. the kings', oſ theT-aſt car gem ulſu: bellumffine 'ſure tied \.! ', on any'war Without1 - . a cenqriur exercitur Gallw; meccenary 'army of Gauls; ' na: pulſur e regnum con nor, being driven out of their ſugz'o alz'us quam Gal kingdoms, did they fly to any lar. other thanthe Gauls. , Although he was. but a boy, Tametſi admodum put' whilﬅ his father was abſent, ſum, dum jmter abſum, he recruited the army, and 'eþaro exerritur, et 'nen not only recovered Macedm' jblz'zm rccz'pio Macedonia nia, which had been loﬅ), but qui amitto, fld etiamſpo alſo deprived, Alexander _oſ£ pirus.lio Alegaander-rcgpum-E ſſ the kingdom oſ Epire. When Alcibiades- returned; Cum Aſrz'biades, rca'eo, the Athenians-Ieaded him not Athenimſi: onero is nant onlywith allxhuma'n- honour. tantum omni: humanur but divine ; they compenſated honor,_ſed divinus 3 explco hisloſſeswith p eſents. detrimcntum munus. Affer'he h obliged the imu: Pq/fquam rcx ſſmunur diz/incoſinif et oh e neighbouring princes. with. quimn,_/erorſilzſiur infldia preſents and complaiſance, inﬅrua, qui ﬅatuo [Wit-a' r helays-a plot for his.ſiſi:er's vita et þoſſſieffio ; et flaſig ſon, whom he reſolves to de prive of life, and' his poſſeſ is regnum ni-jeclitio miles ſions, and he would have rob inſcquor, qui ﬅifmdzium bcd him of his kingdom, had fraudo. not a mutiny oſ the ſoldiers ' enſued, whom he had cheated of their pay. * At Aleſia, Caeſar drew two Aþud Aleſſa, Ceſhr ditches fifteen fect broad, the pay-(lum duo fqffia quina'e innermoﬅ of which he filled clm per laws, qui/interwr, with water conveyed from camjjlw aqua ex flumen the river. This the enemy derzvatus. Hic [lo/ii: afterwards. endeavoured to ſuffice. cover --_ _7__., _

128 A mw INTRODUCTION To cover over with hurdles, and þoﬅea amor intego crate: fill up with the rampart. atque expleo agger. Whilﬅ he thinks himſelf _ Dum puta ſui contem deſpiſed, he fills the city with no, reþÞo civitar cades, flaughter, for which he was ab guiſum invy'us omnis. odious to all. They filled all the coaﬅ of _ Imþlco omnis am Ita Italy, Sicily and Sardinia, l'za, Sicilia, et Sardinia, with two hundred ſhips. duccnti mavis.

i CHAP. XXXI. Abutor, communzſico, corſſo, creor, crcﬁo, dcſungor,

generor,dignor, edo, gignor, cpulor, geﬅio, fruor, glorior, ſungor, impertzſio, gaudz'o, zſim ﬄcttzſior, z'ndignor, thor, naſcar, mſitor, orior, jmſcor, propigno, proſequor, ﬁrmﬅo, ſuperﬅ dco, utar, veſcar, t victim, and tſſſior, govern the Ablative. - -Verbs of Abound'ing, and Wanting govern ei-ther the Ablative or Genitive.

E that wants money is QUI indigco þccunia, accounted a fool. haþtaﬅultus._ He that wants-virtue, wants Qui rarea virtus, cares all things. omnu. Nature wants few and ſmall Nature egeo paucus et' things. pan/us. We ought to help thoſe D'cbeo oþitulor is þotij: chiefly, who want moﬅ relief. fimum, qui maximc indi' gco oþis, - ' This lace is encompaſfed Hic [ocus cz'ngo undi on all fidhs with craggy rocks, qucþraruþtur rupes, ut that it needs no defenders, cgco 'nullus deferiflir, et' and ſuch is the fruitfulneſs tanluxſum ſtrtz'litas cir of the adjacent ſoil, that it is cumjarcmſhlum, ut exþlea filled\with its OWn riches; ſun: 0125.',- ct isſum, rapid and ſuch is the plenty of foun fant . tains sz LAT-l-N- &AN-PUA.GEe-_ w tains and woo_dS, that i; is ſons; et fllva, uſ irrig'x watered with' abundance of abundantia aqua, ner. ca-, water, and wants not the di no' vpluþtas venatio. verſion of hunting. Many men abound in gold Multu: homa abundbſl and ſilver, whoſe houſes are aurum et argentum, qui; follofwickedneſs. _ ' domusflelus qffluo. Some men overflow in Quidam home circum wealth nay overflow in mon fluo opes, imo ſupnflue ey, andyet deſire thoſe thing$ jzesunia, et tamen 'deſideffl moﬅ with Which they abound. is maxz'me qui abundo. This man pleadS'the cauſe" - Hic 'air ago can/'affirm ﬅrenuouſly; he isibgdewed' ue ; a'z'ffluaſudor; redunz, with ſweat; he is over co i dy eloquentia _,- oratio ta-' ous in his language ; his iſſ men abunda amm': army. courſe, however, aþoimds mentum. ' with every ornament. ' Nature needs few things; Nature. egeo pauci _: he, however, that w , wants, quz autem carco amcus,_ friends, and he, that is weak et qui dqſiciar ratio,_ aut in judgment, or is diſappoint ddfliluarſhu, indigea. con ed-of his expectations, ﬅands fiZium; fid vaco culþq > in need of advice -, but to be magnu: ſum ſolaiium. ct free frorn. a A fault is aygreat

comfort. - ' ſ We ought to uſe diligence Debca utor dz'lz'gmtia, and natuto abuſe time : The et man aim-ter temþu; ; life-whichwe' enjoy is ſhort 3 vita guiſruorflmþreviu. lex us therefore do opr duty fungor igitufr qfficiumffidz carefully; thus at length we ulajſic tandem þotiar ſhall obtain thogelden fleece, Arm-cur vellus, veſcor, 14.: w_e ſhalljeed on milk and et met." hsmey MÞn ought; to dependſ on Homo dcbeo m'tor vir. yirtue rather_ than blood; for tus þotius quamſanguis A l,£an){one_ perſiﬅ' in 'this pracz nam ſz qui; innitor hie liqe,_ and-take pleaſure in'eqz. ar: et gqudeo tqguſitar, me; uity, he deſerves praiſeſ; But nor law. Sed ﬅultur. ſeals often labouryſi under this ſafe is morbu: laboia, at: dlﬅemper, that they glory in gle-rim- vitiumſuus, [ctor their faults, rejoice at other a'Iicrzy; maflum," dclcctox mGp's, misfor_*t_upes,_' are de r lighted' num: '4 13' A m lN-TRODUCTJON TO lighted with vain hope, and vanusſher, et exulzo ſuc exult on ſucceſs. ccſſur. 'The rich ſeed on dainty Dives cþulor oþi-mu: diſhes, but the poor live on daþes, ſed pauffier victito barley bread, nay ſome live on hardeaceus Penis, imo huſks. Let us lay aſide the quidem vivoſili ua. Su prolixity of words ; for many pcaſedcomultitu overbum, poor people deccnded of hon 'num multuspauþer, prog ourable parents, have retired natu: honcﬅus parcns, from the city, on account of ccdo urbs, proffer carita: the dearth of corn. anmma. This field conſiﬅs of vine Hic ager conﬅo vinea yards and woods ; I might dſylva; þcſſum retineo, ' retain it, but I will ﬅand by ſedflo pactum et pro-may; my bargain and my promiſe: ſum : Sic banu: ago laude, Thus good men will praiſe me, Paupct ego benedica. the poor will bleſs me. Who ſhall ſee ſwoln Tyher Quit/idea tumidus Ty ſo abound in Trojan blood, bcrcrgſco Iliacusſanguis, the whole houſe of Evander totur domus Euander pro to be extinguiſhed with its cumba cum ﬅirpr, atque race, and the Arcadians ſpoil Arcade exutu: arme. ed of arms. But l, O Pallas, will not lQuin ago, Palla, non honour you with any other dtgnor tu aliu: ſunur. funeral omp. We invite the gods and V oco dium' iþfique Ju. Jove himſelf to the prey and pitcr in Put-do par/out ; part; we then ſpread our tum cxtrua toru: littu: couches on the winding ſhore, curvus,quc oþular days and feaﬅ on the rich danties. oþzmur. Baniſhed frOm his country, Fini: extorn's, com torn from the embrace of lu þlexus avulſ-us Iulus, im lus, let him implore aid, and ploro auxilium; videoquc ſee the diſhonourable deaths indignus ſunur ſuu: ; of his friends ; nor, when he me, cum jmdoſuiſuo [ex ' ſhall have yielded himſelf to pax iniquus, ngnum out the conditions of une uaI oþtatur [uxſruon peace, may he enjo his king dom, or the wiſhe for life. Giveiilies in handfuls, that Do lilz'um manui þle I may ſcatter pur le flowers, may, ſhargo purpurcu: and honour the g oﬅ of the 05, quc accumulo anima grandchild 'tapes _--_-j

"mue LATIN LANGUAGE. 13' grandchild with theſe preſ , ntþos his danum, ct ſun ents, and diſcharge the una gor manu munus. v vailing office. . VVhomTelon is ſaid to have Qui Telon feror gent" begotten from the nymph Se nymp/za &bel/tis, cum te bethis, when he oſſeſſed Ca nea Caprm, regnum Te prea, the king om of the kboi. Teleboi. He deſigned to have uſed Conflituo utor idem the ſame kindneſs towards clemcntia in Thebunus,fi the Thebans, if he had found exþcrior idem penitentia 3 the ſame repentance, but ſed Thebanu: utor amq, the Thebans made uſe of arms, non prccc: et deprecatioz not prayers and entreaties. Itaque, victus, experim Wherefore, being conquered, gravis ſupplicium Amiſer they underwent the moﬅ in ſervitur. tolerable hardſhips of a moﬅ miſerablc ſlavery. He then deſires aid of Le Dcinde pcta auxilium onatus, by his ambaſſadors, aLconatur, per legatur, whom the Atheniansmetwith qui Athenienſir occur-re an army, and ſlew him. An exercitu: et occido is. An tipater, though he ſaw his tiþater ctfi video auxilium auxiliaries defeated,yet rejoic 'ſum ſuþcro, tamen lzrtor ed at the death of Leonatus.. mors Leonatus. Gaua'eo He was glad that his rival cemu/us ſublatur ſum, et was taken off, and that him ſui auctus acceffio ZJ' virei. ſelf was ſtrengthened by the aceeffion of his forces. In Theſſalzſia Caeſar ex In Theſſaly Caeſar's army enjoyed very good health, crcitu: utor bonus valctu and very great plenty of wa doſummuſquc copia aqua, ter, and aboundcd in eVery abundoqut omnix genus kind of provifion, except commcatus, prefer fru corn. mentum. Great armies need great Magnus excrcitus cgco generals. Though Caeſar's magnu: dux. Quamvi: ſoldiers had long wanted corn, Ca-ſar mile: dz'u c'arco and endured the moſt pinch ſrumcntum, et ſuﬅentb ing famine, yet no Word was cxtrcmu: fames, tamen. heard from them unworthy nullus uox audio ab is of the majeﬅy of the Roman indigne: majgflas popu people, (us 53' no) N T A o D'bkcl-frb it: ieo People, or' d'f their Tail-net Jlu: Rohdniu, autfitþch victories. "of fifth-rid. The Sythiarmhaue not any Sqtkgflop ſum * houſe, diſh-vening, 'or habita'- desiring-'am tcc'lum, aut Tion; "the carry their Wives fide: ; tie/w uxor liberique and' (Shi dren along with ſin' cum'z'n þlayﬅmm, qui' them in vwaggons 'which they ' utor pra domus; vgflor 'uſe inﬅead of houſes; they lacet feriniz; 143.; Zana Live on mill; a'ndveniſon, the ſum-prefix ignotux is. - uſe 'of-wool is quite luriknoWn withejm.

C H A P. XXXII. The part of the Body, or Mind affected, isin vthe Ab'latiVe, and governed by the Verb, Verbs that of d'enotes Buyzſihg the and Affection. Scllz'ng govern an Ablative of the Noun, that is the Pricc for which any thing is Bought, or Sold. Muto and commuto govern an Accuſative of the thing Changed, or Given; and the Ablative of the thing for which it is Changed, or Gi'a en. , = "Mereor, when qualified with bane, male, melz'us, pejus, optime, fflrffme, govern the Ablative with the Prepoſition de. Verbs importing Dſſancc and Excelling, govern the Nouns following them, in the AbIa-ſi tive. ET us ſeek the Gnoffian GNOSSIUS regnum pe - ' vrealms ; they are not diſ- to; ncc diﬅo [augur cant in a long courſe. curſur. rBut the ram himſþlf ſhall Sed arier iþſc muto vel. now, in the meadOWS, change Eut, in pratum, jam ru - his ben: 'ma LATIN LANGUACE. 133 his fleece for a purple red,'and ben: murex, ct jam craccus now for 'a ſaffron pale. lutum. Others rejoice ſprinkled Alius gaudeo ped-Mus with the blood of their breth- ſangui: frater, et muta ren, and change their habita domur et dulci: timeu ex tions and pleaſing threſholds z'lium, et quaro patriaja cemſub ahſiurſol. for exile, and ſeek a country lying in another clime. And which Would believe, Et qui credo iﬅe honor, that the glory, to which thou guz" tendo, ome emo vita. a'ſpireflz, might be well bought for life. - A merchant will never be Mercator nunquam di rich, that buyeth wares for 'a tg/Zo, qui cmo merx mine hundred pounds, and ſelleth centum, et revcndo idcm them again for a hundred denarius mentum.v pence. X a "' This book is worth ſeven Liber In'c valco drach groats, but the bookſeller ſold ma ſeþtem, ſed biblz'apolu it me for eighteen pence, and; yendo ago dcnarius octo told me, that it coﬅ him fif decem, dicoquc conﬅo teen pence. i - dcnariur quindecim. The ſcholar, that often ſeeks Diſcipulu: t'ſic, quiſtz to-enjoy the company of wick þe do ape-m, utſruor con ed boys, never performeth his ſortium malus, nunguam duty. He leaveth off his care fungor rffcium ſuus. Sw and diligence, and changeth pnjſedeo (um atque dili the ſmiles 'of his maﬅer for gentia, et muto favor frowns. magiﬅcr riga. * . An induﬅrious and faithful Ludimagi er ſca'ulu: ſchool maﬅer deſerveth well et' ſidus mereor bane a pa of his country : For he teach triaſuus; doceo enim diſ; eth his ſcholars to obey their ciþulus obtcmþero my ſu king, and to deſerve as well ur, ct mereor quem opti as may be of the com mc rgſoublita. monwealth. A perſon of an ingenuous Homo indolcs ingenuu: temper is troubled,.in mind, turbo animus, cum irriio When he hath provoked his _ am7ctcus_ uus, et cuþia m' friends to anger, and deſires Izil ardente'r, quam ut rq/ſiu nothing more than the recou .tituo-zſiu gratia is. dry of their favbut.._ - M ' X The _ I/'z' r, A le INTRODUCTION To 134 The man, who doth not Vir, qui non injeflor purſue his enemy with curſes, inimicu: maledictum, aut nor maul him with dart s, but incgffio is jaculum, fid cxehanges reſentment for muta i-ra amicitia, ſum friendſhip is worthy to be dignux ama. lOVed. Such was the ſlaughter of Tantus ſum sade: Pa the ſcattered ſoldiers, that lans milex, ut Athenienfis the Athenians ſuﬅained more acciþia plu: vulnus in is damage in that battle, than pratium, quam do in ſu they cauſed in the former; perior _: et tantusſunt deſ and ſo great was the deſpair Pemtio aþudx Athemenſis, among the Athenians, that ut ﬅatim muto dux Alci immediately they changed biades Canon. their general Alcibiades for Conon.

C H A P. XXXIII.

Verþs govern an Ablative of the Noun, that Sigmfies the Inſtrumcnt, Caqfle, or Manner of 1 The afling. Genind in do, of the Ablative, isifrequent ly uſed as the Inﬅrument, Catch, or Manner of acting.

HE that correcteth his ſon UI carrigo filius ſum' wuh a rod, doth him virga, bengſacio ilk, Igjciz-ocl; and he that redueeth et qui 'reduco ill: ad obe mxn to _0bed1ence, by argu dientia. argumentum,_ſum jl11dnts, is wiſe: For if the ſapien: : Namfi judicium ongrfier: binformed by rea is irfformo Tatio,ſum mo ment, z than 1 ife th: 'Low ' mo mentum magnur, quam ſi. memorial rcficior vcrber.

'hanged Mox home muta' adver as by P adverſity, as well ſus rcx, perindc atque rDſPerity' pry/Per. They I'zſcgun _."'._-__v.w* --w7

* mz LATIN LANGUAGE. '35 They followed them with I nſequor iſ gladius, et their ſwords, and killed abun interficio magmu - z': nu dance of them. mcrur. i The Hclvetii are cooped in Helvetii contineo undi On all ſides, by the nature of que natura lows. the place. We hoped we ſhould ſatiſ Sþero egzifiztiffaciaþa ſy our country, by out' blood tria ſanguir mſſter vul and wounds. 'My/THE Philip fOIIOWed his ſon Philipþu: conſectorſil' Alexander with his drawn iurſuus Alexander ﬅric ſword, being hardly held from tu: gladiux, agre' exora the murder of his ſon, by the tum made: ſilz'us þreces entreaties of his friends ; amicus; quamobrem Al Wherefore Alexander betook exanderin Eþzſirus, co'ifcroſui avunculux, mater, et himſelf with his mother, into Epire, to his uncle, and from inde rcx Illyriur, agre' thence to the king of the Il gue mitigg pan. r, qui re lyrians, and ſcarcely was he voco is, uixque reþul uJ reconciled to his father, who prece: cagnatus redea. recalled him, and with diffi culty obliged, by the entreat ies of his relations, to return. After Alexander had re b Poﬅquam Alexander ceived the cu , at the feaﬅ acciþio poculum int' con to which Me ius Theſſalus viuium qui Medius Theſ invited him, he groaned in ſalur mediu: vaco potio, is, ingemi/Zo ſſvelutzſi con in ' the middle of his draught as if ﬅabbed with a dart; and .fixus telum ; elatus que being carried out of the feaﬅ e eonvivium ſemianimi: half alive, he was- racked with crucio tantur dolor, u-t ſo much pain, that he called pzſſoſerrum qui interſict'o for his ſword, with which to ſuzſi. kill himſelf. Czeſar was eſteemed great Caeſar habeo magnus for his favours and generoſity; beneſicium ac mumſicen Cato, for the integrity of his tia _.- Cato, integrita: vi mind. la. Clay hardens and wax ſoft Limus dureſco etſcra ens, by one and the ſame fire. ligne/'to unu: idemque ig ms. Pauſanias feaﬅed after the Pauſaniafeþulor, ma: manner of the Perſians, more Perſe, luxuriqſe quart luxuriouſly qui l 136 Auzw INTROD'UCTION T' luxurioufly than they, that qui ouſ/"um, pqffium perpe were with him could endure. tzar. Xerxes was conquered more Xerxes vinco magis by the contrivance of The- tailſtlium Themiﬅodes, miﬅocles, than by 'the arms of quam arma Grzzcia. Greece. Alexander ﬅabbed his moﬅ . Alexander transfodio dear friend Clitus, with a carusſuu: amicus ClituJ', ſword. gladius. Nero Fiſhed with golden Neropiſcar aurew re nets, which he drew with ate, qui extra/io otatmu cords of purple ſilk. furiis. 'l'he Metapontini ſhew, in Metaþontini oflcuto, in the temple of Minerva, the temþlum Minerva, fnrau iron tools with which Epeus mentum qui Eþcusfabziw made the Trojan horſe. Trojanus equus. Antonius fills the houſes Antonius comjzko tes nigh the walls with the brav- tum ,P10þinquu: murur eſl. of the ſoldiers, who forced fortis miles, qui deturflo away the defenders with trees, proþugnator trabs,ſuﬅi.'5 uidgels, tiles and torches. tcgula etſaar. M> A *--.._ Fþlyiusu __ſ_urr0unded the Fuloius ſeþio [attire lurking places 'oTKJ-beþnemy }_t<)ﬅis ignis ; Poﬅ/iumi': with fire ; Poﬅhumius Gillſ'- Va Manna, "t Vix "fiſh armed them, that he ſearce leftuflffflfctfflm QU-i NTM fab them iron, by which the earth "\ * might be tilled. , ' ſſ'x ' The conteſt was dubious Certawiffl ffim WU'P-f till his army broke into the dance- exa'czlfflſ i'WWP' town. In that battle, being inoþþidum. If' iſfflrſſ' Wounded under the breaﬅ, he lium trqjeflus full' man' 'began blood, to yet fain-t fought through upon loſs his of ſanguir, ma, cwffii tamen deficio'sflfflm þr-ejhcto' knees, till he killed him by genu, donec act-'idols 4 whom he had been wounded. qui ouſnera, 'i The Lacedemoni-ans, as they Lacedcmonii,quumc * obſerved the excellent con. noſcopmﬅan: prudent? y duct oſ Alcibiades in every Alcibiades in omnia' re5, thing, were afraid, leﬅ tempt- apertimcfi'o, mductur amor ed by the love of his country, Paine, deciſco ab iþfi, a: he ſhould reVOlt from them, redco in gratia cumſuusi and return to a good under_. &andmg with his countrymen. i The Paﬅor, 'rue LATIN LANGUAGE. . '39 The ſhepherd wearied by Paﬅar, fatigatur pra. his wife's entreaties, returned ccr "wear, rcvcrtoriinſj'l into the wood, and 'ſound a na, et mvem'o canz'sſzzm bitch by the inſant, giving musjuxla infamJ) rit-ben: her dugs to the little one, and uber þarvulus, et defen defending it from the wild dem a fem aluſguc, et ma beaﬅs and birds, and being tur miſericordia, qui m'deo moved with pity, with which cum; mows, deſert' ad he ſaw the bitch moved, he ﬅalmſum, dum idcm cam' carried it to his cottage, Frtffiquor, ' whilﬅ the ſame bitch follow ed him. - When Alexander. was. Cum Alexander venio come to the Cuphites, where ad Cup/fices, ubi lum/22: the enemy waited his coming oþþcrior if adventus cum with two. hundred? thouſand ducenti milk aques, omnis horſe, the whole army being exerciturſqffiis, non mi Wearſed no leſs with the num nur numeruwz'ctoria,quam der oſ their victories, than-the (abor- bellum, deþncur ſi lacing-ma, ut ſarz'o ſim': fatigue of the war, entreat. bellum, memzctni putrid, at him with tears,.that. he would make an end of the war, re rflſþicio anmu mileſ. - member his country, and re gard the year-s 05 his ſoldiers. Gallczrtſia ſhin ubzr cu Gallaecia is very fruitful in braſs and lead, and very, ac plumbum, dz'zm qua rich in gold too, ſo that often gue aurum, adco uctfreffl with the plough they tear- up quarter aratrum exſcmdo golden ſods. On the confines aim-ws glaba. In ſim': of this nation there it a gold llzc genrſumſhccr mom, en mountain, which itlis reck.-. zui habc'o nſfar m'olofer ooned en with an heinous an iron tool crime ;ſſ but to rum ; ﬅdſz quando term jȝnſſindofulgor, ffiemitlo ixat any time the earth is rent colliga awumſic detectus with lightning, it is allowed] udut dcus manus. to pickup the gold thus un covered od; as , a preſent ſi from the g Will not he, conquered by An ilct, oictu: canlan ſinging, reﬅore to me the goat, dum, n'ddo ego capz'r, qui which my pipe has deſerved mew ſiflula m_crw (ar by its ſongl? _ men a?

n a The awe

o 138 ANEW INTRODUCTION-ro The Muſes give to you Muſt: do ago ltic cula theſe oaten ipes, which be mus qui doﬁnex Aſrzz fore they ha given to old Aſ us, quiſoleo, contandum, reus, with which he was deduco rigidus qrm'; wont, by ſinging, to call the ment. * * ﬅurdy wild aſhes from the _ mountains. The cold ſnake in the Frigiduſ anguir, in meadows is frozen, by ſing- pratum, gela cantan- ' ing. dum.

C H A P. XXXIV.

, Paffive Verbs of Clad/zing, Aſhing, Entreating, Teachzſing, Warning, Undrcffng, and cclo in the Palfive, govern an Accuſative of the Thing. Paffive Verbs, in general, govern the ſame Caſe as their Actives. *' *Theſe Verbs, equo,fio, licco, vaþulo, and veneo, when uſed in the Paſſlve Senſe, govern an Ablative of the Agent, or Doer, with theſe Prepoſltions a, ab, obs.

ICERO, the famous Ro CICER0,0rator iſle Ra man-orator,was baniſhed manur celeber, exulo a by Clodius ; but the memory Clodius ; ſed memoria of his excellent virtue re virtus is eximusjuﬃerﬅo mained among the citizens of inter Lives Romanus; Rome : For, being recalled Nam revocatus ad exilium from'his exile, he was called ſum, qui titulusþ vocor poterpatria, competo rex the father of his Country, which title properly belong ſolus. eth to kings. - The boy is deſervedly beat Puer merito vaﬃuloa magzﬅrr ſum, qui, dum en by his maﬅer, who, whilﬅ Nlego auctormultus doctor, he readeth many learned au thors, - a H

Taſſ- IEATILN ÞAN.G*VA'G.EU 339 thou:I fromr whom he may 4 qui Zþcſſum diſcg elegant learn elegance, eloquence, tia, c oguemz'a, etpwrahſi and morality, only readeth tar, tamen legaſhlummad' and remembereth nothing. et remim'ſcor m'liz'l. Silver is valued much, gold Argentum aﬅima mag is valued more, but virtue num, aumm mﬅimo flits, ought to be valued moﬅ. uſed virtue deaeo aflimq plurz'mum, , ,__, 'The ſayings of wiſe men * Dictum ſaþiens inter. are ſometimes little eﬅeemed 3, dum Part/um exiﬅima _: but the words of a fool are ſd ver-Gum flulþur minor always regarded leſs. fimþer duco. _ He was acCuſed of moﬅ Accuſh grauz's ſcclus, heinous crimes, but he was ſed aþflflva omnis, draw. cleared of all, and deſerved ita :- Nam argue culffia, ly: For he was accuſed of qui/'um iryrom. faults of which he wps inno cent. Albucilla, the famous wom- ſi' Albucilla,fſizmi>ſus 'mn an, was accuſed of diſ-affection lier, dffero impietffl in towards the Emperor; but þrt'nccþ: ;_ſcd comþella hiſ? ſhe was accuſed of this crime. cnmcn ab znimicus. by her enemies. ctAZzſiur damno adder, at, One was condemned for murder, another was con-_ liar der/raw reþaundw, demned for extortion, and a alius condrmuo ambitu; third was condemned for brib et Puſ/dium pecunial. ery and the' publick money. . . if any Roman knight was St' qui: Romanur lyue: ſeen to have a horſe ſomewhat vidwr [tabeo equur gray lean, or not Very ſleek, he was _citcntur, aut parum niti cenſured for clowuiſh care dus, nate) imjyalitia. leſſneſs. \V_e are admoniſhed of ma Admonea multus al' ny things, by o_ur friends ; do amicu: .* nolo igizur agre not therefore take it ill, that ſcro ou qfflcium tuus cam you are put in mind of your moneth duty. Death is'rightly compared Mars refte compare to ſleep, and fortune is very r ſamnur, camþaroſi vmtus, et fortune qui ſum recte rightly compared to the wind, to which it is very like. ſimilz'r. Speech , Senna ' 14' A usw INTRODUCTlON 'to Speech is given to all, wiſ Sermo do cunctur, ſit dom to few ; and the way to þientia paucur ; et 'aid true happineſs is ſhewn to us ad vcrus felicita: iſland' from the word of God only. ego ex verbum Deusſhlur. Virtue can neither be fore Virtur no: piſſum en'þio, ed away, nor ﬅolen away ncc ſm-riþzo- quiſquam. from any one: But nobody 'At nemo þoffium ſcrvii can ſerve pleaſure and' virtue volupta: et virturſimul. together. , The conſul, when he un Conſul, not' cognoſco it derﬅood theſe things were faro, conooco Scnatus; et" deſigned, calls the S'enate ; Silanur primur rogoſen and Silanus was firﬅalked his tentia, quod ſum Covfful opinion, becauſe he was Con Dcſignatu-J. ſul. Elect. Nor was the earth called Ne: ltumu: tantum þqſ upon for' corn and food only, coſeger alimentumque,ſtd but riches are dug up, and OPEJ gffioda jamqueſcnum now the iron comes out, and' printen, et aurum noccns, gold more hurtful than iron. ſermm. Neither are bees ſatisfied NBC cytz'ſur,ſatura aþz'r, with hather, nor kids with nec fron: capella, ma leaves, nor cruel love with lachryma'. cruchz's amor. tears. - v The man is amufed with - Homo oblecto nuga, nifles, he is ſurfeited with onero eþulz ; aſſretum ſeaﬅing ; 'but the ſea is not o non ſa/z'o agua. Vz'zllix' vercharged with waters. The tsnebra: lago, licct man: 'allies are covered with dark amicio nix. neſs, though the mountains are clothed with ſnow. Thraſybulus made a I'aw, Thraſj'buliu few lex, that nobody ſhould be accuſ ne qui; accnfli antcafic ed oſ paﬅ things, nor puniſh Ter, 'rue multo ; appella ed ; and they called' that an gueA is [ex oblioio. act of oblivion. - Cato was aſked'hisopini'on, Cato rogoﬅntmtia, 't and made a ſpeech of this habeo aralio hujuſccmodz] kind' ' r

CH AP THE LATINlLAzNG-UAGE. 14!

C H A P. Xxxv.

The Agent, or Doer, after Paﬃve Verbs, is put in the Dative, and often in the Ablative with theſe Prepoſitions, a, ab, abs. '

E that is of a courteous QUI ſum geflus comis behaviour, is beloved by amo ab omnir : Sed all: But he that is of clown quiſum mo: ruflicur, aſ iſh manners, is eﬅeemed by tz'ma a nullur. > none. Ncſido homſſo a quiſe Do not truﬅ a man, by whom thou haﬅ been once de me! decipz'o. . ceived. He is miſerable, whonei Miﬅer ſum, qui atque ther loves any one, nor is diligo guſquam, me zffl himſelf beloved by any. one. diligo ab ullur. The affairs of -a good man Rer bonus virmunquam are never neglected by God. negligo a Deus. Carthage was deﬅroyed by Carthage deleo a cele the famous general Scipio Af ber due: Scipio Africanus. ricanus. Learning and virtue' are Doctrine et virtur ap ſought by few ; pleaſure by peto aþaucu: ; voluptao, many. avplunmur. We are ſo formed by na . [la genero a nature, ture, that we do not ſeem ut non vzdcor father ad made for ſport and jeﬅ. (ndu Deſgzdeiggrcdior ue- 'ocuL bell-un Then- he enters upon the Perfian war, begun by his fa Perſicurſinchoatumffiatm ther ; and being buſy in the et occaſzatur z'n aþþarotuo, preparations, he is informed, fio certio' Athenienſtr et that the Athenians and The-. Theban/1: Pezfiz, (t auctordqſioio it abſuz' dgfcctiſio ad bans had revolted from him to the Perſians; and that the ſum Demoﬅlzenasz corrup adviſer of the revel-t was De tw Pe1ſa magnus pondu: mofihenes, corrupted by the aurum .- - Nam affirm Perſians by a great ſum of concio poþuhn, omit: geld; For he had declared 1iln cope t e _v.-_\- Y]* r" '

14: A le INTRODUCTIO N 1" the aſſembly of the people, i copic- Maccdo, cum vex, that all the army of the Mace dclco a Triballi. donians, with their king, had been cut of by the Triballi. The Fathers ſent a letter to Pater mitto literc M. M. Claudius, that he would Claudiur, ut ſubvent'o relieve the commonwealth, Rg/þublira deſertus, a forſaken by his eolleague, and Collega, dica quc Dicta. would nominate him Dicta to', qui popular jubro. tor, whom the people had or Ita Fuluiu: dice Dic tator a Claudius Corfful: dered. Accordingly Ful tt ex idem plebzſiſaſitum P. vius was nominated Dictator by Claudius the Conſul; and Licinius Craſſusfflontffm according to the ſame vote of maximus, dim magiﬅcr the people, P. Licinius Craſ cqch a Fulviur. lus, the high prieﬅ, was nom inated maﬅer of the horſe, by Q. Fulvius. Nor was Darius wanting to Nec Darius dgſumfiu', himſelf; he went about en circumea lzortansſuus, et couraging his men, and put admonens vetu: glaric ting them in mind of the Pewſafl þerþetuu: poſſeſ ancient glory oſ the Perſians, ſio imperium datusjin' a and the perpetual poſſeffion deny. of the empire, given him by the gods. ' Annibal got Marcellus's Anm'bal potiar annul ring together with his body ; u: Marrellur, fimul cum - Criſpinus ſearin ſome trick carþur ; Cryþinus metu would be playe with it by cm ne qui dotu: mcto a the Carthaginians, ſent meſ proximus Peru', mitta civita: nunciur occtſida cirra ſengers about-the neighbour ing cities, that his Colleague collega, et luſſis potioran was ſlain, and the enemy had nulu: is, ne qui: crcda gotten his ring, that they litera camþoſitu: nomen ſhould not believe any letters Marchlus. written in the name of Mar cellus. For theſe atcbievments 05 hie decus, Codamd Codomanus is ſet over the 'tus þrmſicio Armenia, et Armenians, and after the poﬅ mors Ochus, conﬅitun death of king Oehus, is made vex a populur proþter king by the people, for his pryhſinur virtw, lzanora- _ former "if Till LATIN LANGUAGE. 248 former bravery, being hon tus nomen Darius, m oured by the name of Darius, qui; dg/um rcgiur majeſ leﬅ any thing ſhould be want taJ, et gera bellum cum ing to royal majeﬅy, and Alexander magnus virtur. waged war with Alexander Poﬅrcmo victus 45 Alex with great courage. At laﬅ ander,ct occzſuraflusffini' being conquered by Alexan vita pariter cum impc n'am der and flain by his relations, Pczſa. he ended his life together with the empire of the Per fians. There were in Cyrus's ar Sum milk decem Gre my ten thouſand Greeks, who cu: in Cyrur exercitur,qui conquered in the wing in 'vinco in camu in quiﬅo ; which they ﬅood ; and, after et piſſ Cyrur mors ncgue Cyrus's death, could neither þoffumcrczſitur, vinco 'zec cajn'o a tantur dolu: ex ; be conquered by ſo great an army, nor tal-ten by ﬅratagem; et revertcnrpcr tot indam and returning through ſo itu: et barbaru: gem', many wild and barbarous na deſendoſui virtu: ſum', tions, deſended themſelves by uſguc ad terminuspatria. their courage to the borders of their country. Whilﬅ theſe things are do Dum hic ago, fie certz'or ing, he is acquainted by the indicium caþtivur, inſidiez diſcovery of aIriſoner, that, paroſuz' ab AlcxandcrLyn a lot was lai for him by ceﬅer,Ant1þatcr gemr qui A exander Lynceﬅes, the ſon praþonoMacedania; ab qui in law of Antipater, who had made timcnr,ncſi inrcrſicz'a, been ſet over Macedonia; for qui: motusoriar inMaccda- _ Which reaſon, fearing, leﬅ if m'a, habeo z': in vinculum. he ſhould be ſlain, ſome tu mult would ariſe in Macedo nia, he kept him in chains. Whilﬅ the Gauls plunder Dum Galli diripz'o na ed the ſhips, they are cut in vir, trucido remex et par: pieces by the Rowers and a exerritur, qui cqnſugia e' Part of the army, which had cum conjux et &but. fled thither with their wives and children. Queen Theſſalonice, the china Theſſalom'ce, lady of Caſſander, was flain uxor Caſſandcr, occida ' by her ſon Antipater, though ſili'u Antipater, cum de ſhe Peter

.*?' r

on A tull" 51 N TR-GDU CTIFON Mrſ ſhe 'begged 'her life by his Precar þ-oz'ta'þcr ukr * mother's breaﬅs. ternur. *ſi He called gods and memto ' jſui _ Tg/Zor deſum nullurdam' locurIwmoqmt3 ner ſſ witneſs, that he had been wanting in no place or time 3 impus, guin ubi hoﬅirmr but where the enemy 'carried * ma circumſcro, eo tenda their arms, thither he repair guantur maximus gffum ed with all the ſpeed-he could; þrſſumutrum 'celcritarj fid be'llum vzx gem dico ſſ and that it could hardly be ſaid, whether the war Was au d aciu' saſuz,anſaggct_us ' ' ' * carried on more boldly by" al' lie/Dis. v him, Or more timoroufly by ' 'the enemy. , Artabanus being more 'ſe Artdbanus ficurur de "cure of Artaxerxes, whowas, Artoxnxes, qui put' od but a boy, pretends that ſhe madumſu'm, fingo vrex oc king had vbeen flain by Dari ciglo a Darius, qui jzm "us, who was a man, that 'he virſum, ut matu'riur Fo might the_ſooner obtain the zior regnum, kingdom. ,

. - LA. ,_ i

"-mz'*L-A'rm-tane-utter! 14; zl. - C H A P. xxer.

Verbs'*of 'the Third Perſon only'rnay governe Noun, in the Accuſative. "" ' I'll-'reﬅ and uſe-aft govern the Genitiwet- ' . I Like, first, place-t and fall Third Petfinai 'Verbs, .Dat_ive.L having to, ,\ 0_rf0\r,;*a,fter', . them," A: go'vern'the . _ Beat, delectqt,,ſaflil, Wit-Wot, lated, World, _ pigrt, Land Frere-rit, govern an vAephſcathe of My? the'Perſonwiththefillnfinitive. glizfzmiſcmſit,fzgetfflanitct, Pudentzdat, ' and * Apmaflm govern-ban AoctiſaitZVGOF 'the 'y'lPerſom artdſſGenitiveof theThing. ' _ * Attinct, pertimt, 'and governijhefficcuſa

' tive-with the Prepoſitions=ad andzzm. - .A' ' '\.-_,.-.. LL\Y_*-,"- _. .. ._ 1 ' IT-'emcgms' boyſis to beware \REFERT puer magnur of evil company, as they ' cavqa a. 'catzflzrtium Would avoid'a plague; * Maius, 'us volofugio peﬅir. 'It concerns me and all men Interrﬅ meur et omnis tt'i'look Po ourſelvesfl _ ' froffiicio ego iſe'._ "Air m'at'ters little, whether 'Partial re m apt-qui Vfibtrvmawaangthce; beflcmd'ioff mdgyiw, WatzffWBUB'MPwa. L'w'maaaſ paſſant. -'= ſi, i" 't lefllFM-G' d'ſſhſi k"***l U' laket'ffDeizr, it o him hixM'gdbd: 'yg'd zmaclbzwffl liomctf'- ' "' fat: 'is- ezsp &Fem- for' threw in Experience, hat-ar tibi' th'l'wwfl -"'ſienjoy "inward-"fitlwpdx'intimzr,'_ercdo gate-to'believe God's oxrinipi vinm'ffiatcnflb Hem. 'Can LCUCYFZ'It isamanifeﬅ" to'ine, flatego', file gttficrno m'unj that he frules the world ; and 'ddsj 5 et' Zique't occulus lt is clear to the eyes oſ'his fart-5113- is, pmidentia ipz ſervants, ' that his providetr'ce" ſcfaveo-boflmz ' * favoursgood mon. ..* _. 'v -;._ t;" .'

N _ -I_t Dew' *--*-> -> s n ﬁve-V

146 A new' INTRODUCTION 10 It becometh a wiſe man to ' Decet ſaþicns cahibc' reﬅrain his tongue with the lingua ſuus ſrenum ra bridle oſ reaſon ', it delighteth tio ; delcctat i: irridea him to laugh at the folly of flultitia garrulu: ; opin flatterers; it behoVeth a man tct parum fitþien: tacca, of little wiſdom to hold his celoﬅuctitiaſuus. 'peace that he may conceal his ' folly. . - It belon'gs to young men Spectat, ad adq'lgſcm: to'be ſilent 'in company and tacgo in conventur, et ani to mind what others ſay 3 and, maducrta quidaliu: dice; yet, when' they can produce et, tamen; cum quca þro ſomething worthy of_ notice, fero aliquid, qui fugip Which nonelelſe thDUght on, . eaten', 'per-time ad i: [0 it belongszto them to ſpeak. i quor. Good men are Weaty of Tcdd [mew vitaſuu: their liyes among the wick- inter impius; piget illa cer - itr-irketh them to ſee no cacita: ir; atnonþudct Wth'eir blindueſs *, but they ipſe impietas ſum, me themſelvesarq not aſhamed of Fauitet i: vitium, dance their wickedneſs, nor do they placet Deus aþcrio occu Tepent Oftheir'vices, till'God lus ilk. _ pleaſe to doeſt-their eyes. - r v i - Good men only truly re- Van' þanittt bonds-ſi' rpent of their ſins and follies. lus peccatum at vanities. Thoſe perſhns th'at repent oſ Ille qui þwnitct actiaſu their good deeds, are oſ moﬅ us buymgſum animus in baſe When minds. the maﬅerlayethſſnri _ _ bane/lus. Cum magiﬅer imþono the ſcholars any new com- dz'ſciþulyr mandatum ali -mands, they ,ſpem\.t_g_3rejoice _q_uitraavu1,videozgaud<ſi and "Avexwſawartdmm obey flflmfizmflfflrd "Me Alum achfirfia. for "OVYÞSFYulGdliiifflmm-Jz'r North-4' ,theyare mightily, _ 'oorſii leaſes,._"theni Weary of ;thiezm,jit but' (ni'za-vnagnfflgeplacco[e gjctaſfi'qzquþzget ilkzis, il rand Forget their duty; and , it tpblzm' car afficiumſuur, et is irkſorneh to perform thoſeſflþtadcz ill: excquor mauda. commands, they juﬅ n'ow,_.t,um £[[$,,qui modowidco" ſeemed ſo ready to do, A, ita þaratur ad preﬅo. , ſcholar's The maﬅer ignorance, pitieth but thethe 'z norarſiztia Aſiſcht diſcipulur, preceptor ſed iga ſcholar doth not pity himſelf, non nuflreſcie dzſcipulu: \ neither - , 'rue LATIN LANGU'AGEi 14'7 . ſui ipſa, me penilctſi ſui . neither doth it repent him of, his fault. peccatum. can NVhen change it e\ſſ'il pleaſeth into the God, tem he Cum placca Deus, poſ ſum MuZO'malum in bo goral im;v good it does of not thoſe become that pleaſe men num temþomct: - i: Zui placeoſui ; man dc'cet o to be angry with divine prov mo ing/cur providmtia idcnce : Contentment be divtnur : Contentatio du cameechriﬅians. " ' ceo (hrtﬅianuL X Some men begin to repent Inczctjn'o penitet nannulſi lus negligentzctaſuur, cum of their negligence, when they have ruined themſelves redigoſui ad ekitium neg bybegin their to repent neglect; of their and talka-ct' ſome [cctusnitet' alirluir ſimi- j garruhſitar;et cmpi pat tivencſs, when they have be cum proda et ledo amicus trayed and hurt their friends Iinguaſuus gfflrcna'tur. by their licentious tongues. After the mind of Alexan- \ Pqﬅguam anz'mu: AL' der was compoſed, and con amender conguieſco, et aſ ſideration ſucceeded in the tz'matio ſuccc'do inltocus place of paſſion, he conſider * im, conſidcro modo'. per ed one while the erſon of 'ſone is qui occzdo, mad? him whom he had ain, an cauſa proper qui' occido, other the cauſe for which-he et cept' Pigct is factum. had ſlain him, and began to be ſorry for the fact. " VVhom, ſays 'the Conſul Quit, inquom Caiſſxl Quintus, have the daﬅardly Quintur, ignavz'ffimus 'enemies'dcſpiſed ? Us the hoﬅis contemno .P' Ega Conſuls, or you Romans P if Conſul, an tu Quiriter. the fault be in us,take away our Si culþaſum in' ago, au power; andif that be ſmall, fcrq imperium ,* et l is puniſh us : If the fault be in ficm paruum, punio ago; you, let none of the gods or St' culpdſum in tu, nemo men puniſh your faults; do den: aut homo punio vg/L you only repent of them. terpcccatum ; tu tantum penitct it. - ' - A miſunderﬅanding of the Di/Z'ordz'o Ordo ſine States is the bane of this city, fig/If; hic urbr, inquam, ſays the Conſul, whilﬅ'you Cmgſul, dum lade' tu Pa, are weary of the Patricians, trims, ago Plebeius mog and we of the Plebeian magif- 14 iflratw. 'Quit vale, 05 traces. What do you meam, ſccra .? Conrupio Tribu nur V

'48 A new INTRODUCTION 're I beſeech you P You deſired nu: flew, ago= concedpq Tribunes oſ the common peo Defl eiro Decemviri, ego ple, we granted them: You þatiar crco. Tadtt tis' Decemvirz', cago i; abdigg deli'redlthc Decemviri, we ſuf maggſiflratusſi _ - ſc-red them to be made. You ' were weary of the Decemviri, We forced thbm to lay doWn their power. , He deſerves puniſhment, Mercorþariaz, gift; 'meA that is not aſhamed of his judetþtccfltxm'; ject gin fault; but he that is ſorry and . þcz'nitctct þueſgſþe'cc'h'twtz, aſhamed 'oſhis fault,zis almoſt, ſu'm pent ,in1_tbc_tm,rct,ca_-, innoEent,,and'he. commit ſanY willbew'are ſuchſi thing leﬅ ' yea, ne'corizmitto qui-ſtall: flemed; Teminzſcor dalafi again; he remembers the vmuit, et jzudar, ctfuſigiairflg qui ſange Lz attiz' _ ſorrow and ſhame, that tor 1 mented his mind, and will lxſi-. avoid It concernsthem. allv men. to Intenſſ 'omnis cold, vjry practiſe' virtue; and it con-e tus, et interejſi Teſþubhctcq, at 'anmirþromovqoſ aſix et: cerns the publick, that all, to'ncardt'a ,- acttgia: .. (time ſhoul'd promote Hpeaqe wand ' 'hiltiimſſuinterqflflaſimbnuii' concord -, 'and itlikewife con ſſ, Militkzr, games, ,ct preſſ Eerns the commdngood, that yoiith be'well educactted. H , 'in/Wit?- -£; Z'z': ,.1 When Lyfimachus, king of V Cum Lyſimzden-rffl Thrace, a wild and barbarous -T/£raqia,fcmir 1'qu gcnrſſ prbþe barba_ man nation near the' Euxine ſea, -_Euxinu,r,ſi When: ct Theodv'z had commanded, that Theo nothingvvdorus ſhouldbe cope-Penis CTUClfi-ed',;z me, ſays it 'fur ago in and; ; Fill/til Ni ſrrt was, z in adrad Ire-91 Theodorus, whetheerb in . 'dom-5 but" 44 zed-jub? 'the ground or onhi , . - fimckputrtſqm , , r __ (Tmaw-that'hewactsvery It Hapþerisd w.- t, e. canto; dons . Cor-Wit adeMm-fl the Sende, ' ct qumzcarus Senatus. ., , ' me; them, ' 'i' but It very happened air/ell ſifſior you, ſiif you-2 m evem't ilk, at 'eaſe turfiþlaxt t-u andio. r _ þleaſe to hear. r _-_, 3 1_t_cbntrjbuteszto health to Condycit vine c - liveit is "accOrdi'n'gproper for usſiſo.to nature, to live. Land natura, et cxþgdjt ago it; vil-nt, - :.' i. 9,

-\ 'U

' They ' Peru 'awſſ' "me ſſL A T_I N L_A*N'G UALGQEY 7 145. A They beg, that they may be' . Peza, Luuii-q'eZL tue Me allowed to Paſs their days in 3' afar injeacilz'tun, et 'bage exile, and it pleaſes. me to al ago/inn. ' p. _ ,3 low them. a . ' .; :."* "LI Pain-12" 31: _ Jove has not leiſure tqſſat .. MMMIIZHÞWW Send on ſmall affairs- 'but it fitm ex-Fguur re; ,*.ﬅ:d pra; xs better for us to. be ſilent: ﬅat egg tate-o ,quam\ lo than to ſpeak. guor. , . 'It appearsto-all, that this * ._ Apparetomnis his lwmo man aims at ſoVereignty,.nay - affi-cha ipyberium,z'mo liquor am clear to ſwear it; 'ago dej'ero. _ It tionee'msv inen to< Rgfqrt omm'r colt' vir practiſe virtue, 'and it con .tu,;, et intereﬅ ompiszmzſi -> eſirable'.cerns ell-men i Lolpity r Athe m_iſ- r V Crtof meﬅhl V du A _. ſſ , Rgſert man, rcſert', tun Itconcerns me, it concerns. you and the commonwealth, tur, et re ylzlz'ca ut m that 'you do your duty. _ funZgot tſſzum. , . *r It concerns thee not to be &eſt-at tum non. credo , lieve raſhly, and it concerns temere, et intereﬅ any; thee to know thyſelf. nag/go tu-ijjſh. _ , . 2: . _' Cenſinguſed to ſay, that it .Caeſarſolz'a.. dium, man not ſex-much concern him, taminterg/Z ſum, quem as the 'flat-e, that he ſhould be rg/_ uz'et'z'ca, anſat'vurſum. preſerved, . ,_,__ _ A Calzlg'ulaþermzſitto Caligula ſuffered the writ ing' of Labienus to be ſearch tum Labienu: reguiro at , ed and read, fine' it very kctitb, quqndo maximt' in much, concerned him, That tcrgli ſum', at, quiſzue miPedevery action ct_to poſteri'tyt ſhould be tranſ . ſactamſimdoptſſeri. t_ concerns you, that are lnctcreﬅzvgſer, qui pat fathers,childrenv to be take well care educated, that your terſum, curo ut liberal probe- ffiﬅituo, et '194er libcrz' obedz'o parectm. and it concerns children to. obey their parents. _ l look for death as the end< Exþccta. 'man .ut finis oſ my miſeries: Butl pity 'not/ma : Sad mzﬅrct ago you, againﬅ whom warsand tu adve'ſur qui £radium battles are pre ered" a , et- aciesflaroh Sulpicius, ribuneoſ. the j XSulþiciuc, _ T1ibunur Commons, after he, had ac Plcþd', cum gin-tra magnus quſred' the greateſt honour, digni/ar, fera 'nultar'p._7'- N 2 made 'nag/ar. ALW"i zzo Ham, LNTRODUCTLQN m ma; mainy ideﬅructive laws, m'tiJus 1 i , 'et 'Is if he' Mad- 'be'en ſorry for', jub ſitudctt if; I in', and Weary of 'his forther vir-v ruin-4.. : 1-4 en. ' . 1: m. '73. IPLB .' aſ) tues. " * ' ' * ! _ U' It becomes al-l men to be 'Decet free from h'atredct, love, vmnh naeum Warm; "Wal and compaſſion, when they, *Laa, 3' ' , ira, him 'dtgut c'ÞÞZ/ſiuctto'de' þzſſficofi r-e': deliberate about 'doubffdl' matters. . , dflh'm. - ' ' _ _ ' There die Bo'ys that delight "Sl'm finer, 'qui drieth! 'w Jew-an idleme, and there iflgni: tvadum ' vita; _ 'qr are boys Fhat tz'k'e giedſhre to ſum er, qui u'dt'ubpſ'ifi ply? their ﬅudies. _ 7'- 'vigi a'juvat: 'Itſi behoves men [o-makfdrr', -'- 0þ0rget*i£z5*r_1ib,.e,kifiimd, that God ſees all things, that \Dcu; Deus þlznusſumaſi"term-o' vmnis', '9711er "' 'all things are full of God; Iſhneﬅy hurts * nobody : ' ProZ'itus narg'a ndfiw 5 Butctknuvery, though it ſeems' Sed improh'tm,nfi 'videar to profit a man, is very per Prqſum home, ſum per'd-7 nicions to -a -man's_ credit, ciqſu: exiﬅimitid fromxgur which an wiſe men value more omwisſapims aflima flut 'than money -, and very often quam perunia;" etſgzpſſ it is hurtful to a man's eﬅate ' ſum punicz'qſu: hvmq'rcs And life, which fools value et vita, qui ﬅzdtu: more than allthings elſe. It pins quam' filiui' 'aan'L -therefore, concerns. all men Rcſert igitur, omnis ca to beware of, and avoid injuil Rice; -' ſſ "uco et vita z'ry'zzflitia.

julian was a man of-great el gms ful'i'anus ſacundza, um þroſimpfuk of? in' ſi Oquence, of 'a\ quick 'and moﬅ tenacious memory,- liberal to li:et-t'na'x in Mieux, mcma'ria; ſim' Liber: drcſſet his friends, as became ſo great a prince to be', he was greedy tant'usþrincepsflm: - 'of glory ; and net unlike avidus-aþſimctiſſrſix gtbrz'a Marcus _.'- Antonicf> no" Marcus Antonius, whom he made-it his buſineſs to imitai'ter ux,Infera qui bctdltm', amulbr Part/12', ﬅuded : He made war u on the Par thian's, in -whic£ expedition expeditjo ego quoqu in. I was likewiſe 'preſenh tmſam; . King Darius's mother, who " Red?_ _ Darius_ _ m'ate'fi ' ' till that day had vnot been, gur mit'aj dzeg'nan tizdl? * wear of her liſe,_when ſhe: 'pitaz eum didffl Alexan hear _ that 'Alexander 'Was 'deri (azzqmrj inflra; deM_- ' uſ' 'l'ww** - wz-zro-zſſ-W:xea-HGP4% m Herſellſis'notctſitlgtakſctdeflnhidvio e pre e'r-ſſfg'o'pn. fit' 3 red an _enemy_before a vſon, exp rim: Pietas 'fiiizr fig. We smote-m-maxmpem is, Minotaur-jeu . encadffiþqdvty Make-idea >I :,:;'_ - 'r' ' ſit." I" I;" him, whom ſhe had feared as ' anenemy.v* Yctott ſee, ſ-'a'ys-hiumenes, . __the ff l TWZ,-=ihqtzatfi®£izma -,. (huſband ornamemsiof'your: 'ne-i,- liabiha. al ut zd'na general; which not any of mentum dux1£ ter,- vqui foi:ny ,.enemiqs 'that 'Would-&e'a as ut'u ligmfo'rt n me; my iron'- ..-_ Zgſgnam m', ugmlw ' deh in 0 atfomex' gsenbraſſifl - Yaurub-swareneu>=gwrmm(gan a .£Lſdom;01l0ner> eggem-'z'h'zþrmtwhapA/Hus. Ti- a do "3398. Ix . i-Ydu *- would. lUWMWLWA wicket-'W let me die amongiyourſelves :- rim' intgr ter,- (New ne. For rc- ſignifies nothing tp' gie t'mtereffi 'Antigdnus Antigonus "how, or x'vhere 11- qflmddfizodmnam ubi my Bil-la." nephew. thin lifts-s May-Yf Mcziwtmiſoct-l tqafrom-YQWWÞ . .**-_1."W41=dm-,>;-,b - tT l. \'_ .-\ -. ſſ ' i A a' .. . \_' \\=\.£ " . ', _".'1 ..., _6, it. 4 - . "m, r g-zq-s-f" y it - . ',\ .) ". Y. - C H' A PZ. XXXVIL. .(. pint-5 A? 'dſ-lives, that-take: a; GcnitivſiA-andi ſudi m as; amor, toisycmzfl, &e. zgovem --th r-unds in the 'Genitive-Caſe. þ ' T The Cerund- indo, of ctfheA'Datiive Caſe, is gova. erned by Adjectiſves, that ſignify Profit, lſſc rfulngflt,vFitÞreſs,-&c. ' v ' * * - ' The Gemndjn do, of the Ablative is governed' by, theſe': Prepoſitions, a; ab, alas, de, le, ex,

wm,7inrpr0\s,*'L __ 1.:i.'..; 7 .,'*.." The*. in Get-'landcdfijynlffiP-fſwflth in dym, of 'file-"lieth;" the Norni'nati've, ell-'land is uſed llſina z'ffizcſſw gemme; auDati'v-Q. gof the .L. xti'li i - .(',-'* I He

I .i .- --" 7 , __'-*-.-._. n is: him 1 N 'nto DU cT-r' on 16' Pcrjflm, "t or Thing, you whdn'i- the' 'LNecgffitj .fa1-ls. 'J 7 '- -, - T __' The Gerund in dun. of the-Aceuſative, iszgovi-Zſ proptcr.erned by the Prepofitions, ad; "mite,"- L aſ' --and_ ' i Gerundial Participlcs govern the-ſame fflCaſe, as the Verbs, from which they are erived, Ovem.. -'> Mg>VW --= The Gcrundial Particz'ple, 'in'ſconjunctioſin with '_ the Verb eﬅ, or eſſe, governsa Dative' (if-ſithe When Parſon, the or Gcrundial Thing, on Particzctple whom-the does NCGCffitZ-falle n'ot'goviern _a following word, it agrees _with, its Noun, in Number, Caﬅ and Gcnder. Cerunds that govern the Accuſative, and thoſe derived from abutor, fruor, ſung-or, jwtior and utor, may be changed into Gerundial Parti -< etþles, and agree-with their Nouns,;in-Nambcr, Caſt and Gcndcr. ' '

MANY ſinners negl'e& the jwſlLTUS þercatornegs means of turning to _ ligo mediumrgipgſczg. God, till timectvis paﬅ. And' uſqucdum temþus when theirwiſhes vein vain, fir-attain: 3.- ct cum vo and death approaches, they' tum ſum_vanm,'_mprs-ajz then deſire', opportunity o£ fþropinqua, time puþio op imending their-lives, _ ' porz'unita: corfz'go him ..,"l_. __ ' __ . _}_-. - >Lll ,<.'. ſung 'fit ' ſi' ') more The violentthan luﬅ oſ' goyerning allthe oth- is ſum ,Cicþidqz fla ran: ſi dominandum cuctnflur ali er paffions. ' - ' v ' ' w a, &ſin. . 'ct ' ſi ſi * The gods have giVen you Deus do tri divine, riches, and the ar-t of enjoying, arſquc fruepq'um. Who i 'A . .: ſſ n, _., 't' A \.'r1-_ T) ,Di0nyſius_ obliged the phy- v- Dionyſiur-mgo medicu: ficians to give 'his father a dbþater ſopor, m' Dian fleepyfidoſe, - leſt-Dieu 'ſhould fi. fineﬅ-3 agendumcum have an' opportunity of tam- is, pering with him. The [it

In! LATIN LANzGUAGE- p 153. The man is 'courageouspin _ Hzcta viy: ſum ſorlisxad danger, prudent in his con- þcrz'culum,- prudent: ad duct, and. fliilled-irp carrying cauſiliu'ihgt- Peritusſidfi on ' He a war. acknowledgesrx ,\_ v -. himctſctel'fſſ _ ſi erendum,, ='Fateor'ſuzſi,_\itm . * &adds. to be unxſhiued zinzvpleading, Mdz'ccndumſſ, at norfigmru: but n'ot unapduaintcd with _be[[andum. - War. ' x. ' ' . ' I 'muſt ride, .but you muﬅ .Eg}uitandym ſum gga, walk. Wſſe muﬅ ffl _ fightA . ﬅoutly _ with. &Pug'yzndum ambulandumſum ſum 214.; egg our vices. . , -( L - ſaztitcr cup; pitium nqflcr. _ HF,_.guſk fly, þut they nzuflg; . fzggicmium, fim iſ, at fight, that they may bezſafc. dimz'canglym ſum dle, at UBituminous -_ ' ' . and _ , nitrjnuet i. _: ,ſu_m_$/,Zz_lyu:., Bitumimzzu: et mſitra, Water is good to be dnmken.v fur agua flm utilz': bibcm' um. Naturekhati' given the fyoga ſ '_ Nature. do trana cnq leg: his firfor iis , ſwimping.common to. * ſhzdyz. A . _,1 aptu; Illcfimnpomniuni: natandum. edzſiſ' mg-health and" pontxgibutcs-agreat writing, that, good deal Fctmuwſixva cehdum. et griþcndum,tudo- cunjero 14; to'both. ',_ ._ _ ._ t z þlurimumiutcrgue. . .__This ing; profultfor Whiti. _ atzqmcnt-um utih'q ing: This ſeed is_proper._foz;.. flfififfigþlnz; Hic-ﬅmn ſowing. This horſe is conve- Cowdmſcrendum, Hic nic_nt for riding. yew; qutu tquitandum; Wiſdom provide: thingstozz Sapz'entia compare TCS us for living happily. .- _ ago _ad Lente jujvxndum. - The Partlhians are morqdiſo , Part/11' ficm promþtu poſed to act, than to ſpeak. þ adſacimdum, gyam. ad _ . p,- . _ zdicendum! ,.As.we walk, þwle will talk , ; Intcr. qmb'ulandgm, _ i ether about 'the great works z u'yſzabulordnmagmu qfiuq q Glory-w -__._ _- p; law. Lazy boſs are ſoon-diſcout- _ Ignaw: fluer cito ds," ged from learning, _ _' ,_ __t *Ii'e'")blan'llc' 'c'o-rri * dung-iſ. . In'gbrou cgould ht i'tto'l bfi (gilte 'ſs,"-tha't the ndtthcitthl; it'b,*_1it*flffii" Zaﬅi'ztffinſſi'fliſſz 5 'm L"'*Fg{> wyithout him _ _ i 7.' . . _ ._ \ 7 * . HYI' ſi _Cle5rehu*s\'hought the-diſk' J Cleahjffiu'y' Wﬅfmo diſ 'agreement of 'the People-an gſenſioi poþflluiiocho m. opportunity of' feizing the vadendux'tyfahni ting' F" overnment. All ſithe' ſons' 0L£*H5nno,i*i{i'ot , 'm , 'OmnixviſſMFxHAna r 'only thoſeſiſ that Thppeared ' fit * nori'ſita-'u'drn 'Yfijſſ'fiift

for'fiſſumingſthebutſſthe 'reﬅſi ſiaſſo, government, and all'hi's ="hztbilis publica,ſcd MAN/in2 cem Quoqztt, it" *j_' rElations' a'ſſ'r'e 'delivered up to 'vznm'ſque cogn'a'tus, 'cttrado puniſhmentſ; that not one of ſupplicium ; ſine Q'u'ffiu'am ſo' wickeda fhmiiy might be _ cirv'tam 't'gflzrſus domus X 1'e'ſt,either1t0' imitate his vn- 'flparſmzaut fflitandu'x * lady; or' 'nevbngc hisdeath." .'*ſce"t-u.k,*zwt ad'ulcg'jdhdi: ' _ - > t. c.. .5.. . . 2 lu 4, ..\.-ſ. ' ;.3 uJ m. :.' G'.\'N . "7 "Tail;" ' Yiuo, \

ſ ..___K "dy-ir- - -

z-riu .-L 'A I' 12 N' Cannon] an; z. 15, You live, not 'to lay dOWn,. Vivo, non ad departe, but ct With to confirm Whaiflfllfldzflt your audacity. length, ſed ad confimo audacz'a. . Qui animm, laudem, do you ſuppoſe,A that you hzſic tu jercndum Puto? ought to bear this ? If my Serous meur, mehercule, ſervants, rindeed, ſhould fear ſi 'metumme iﬅe 'þaffi-MZ, me, in thabmanner, as all at amni: civil' tum' metuo your citizens ' fear you, I tu,'[7uto domus meus r'e ſhould ſuppoſe, that ,_I ought Iinqumdu's .' Non tu ar. .mhave any-'houſe ;'-.Do' you lih'tva tu > urb: 'relinquenq not ſuppoſe, that-you oughtzto '1 2 -

leave the c1ty ? (1 p. "You have preVailed, no: Tu non [dium valco ad only to neglect the laws and 'negligendus lex etquzzﬅz'o, judgments, but alſo to over verum etiam ad everten turnand break' them. du: et perſrz'ngendus. * vHepromiſed the enjoyment Palliceor alius ſructus , of lufis to ſome, to others the libido ; aliur, morsþa'rem, 'death of their parents, not non modo imþello, verdm only by impellingnbut by .- etiam adjuw. hel ing them. Elemſim, Quirz'ter, ſi is; .or.indeed,.Roman Knights, if' thoſe things, -which had qui deſeror ad ago, non _-been told me, had not been weþeriar, tamen (go non diſcovered, yet I ſuppoſed, orbitmr cgo pefiimſcm that I ought not to fear too du: nz'mt'u: diligentia, in' much-diligence, in ſuch dan tantu: periculum rg/þub zgers-of the-Republick. lica. - * This man hath'called.the Hic arcſſ..GoEuia-Z But; toovetturn the ſounde everto fundammtu'm Rd; tionsof- the -republi ck,he hath . publz'ca, goneitoſcrvitiom, Liſſed-up the ſervants, recall Catilebza wants', rattribuo did ,-I)atil.ine,.,affigned us to ago Ceahrgu: t-rua'dagmo .Cethegusx so be aſſaſſinated, 'mavis ſiG-abtſinius intnſi- ' other-citizens tu Gabiniusto -cio,--m*b5\ On a: iiy'lmnma, be killed, _-'.he city to Caſhus aft :_-ta;w : Latin fading to be burr-ed, _and all Italy-no . mflocdemþivqncz Catiline to' be laid walle and r plundcxcd. -

O-.

at I me. 258 ANLW INTRODUCTIONTO e < C H A P. XXXVIII.

Particz'ples, Gcrmzds 'and Supines, govern the ſame Caſe, as the Verþs 'from which they are derived do govern. . Exoſus, peroſus and pertaſſu, having an Active Signiﬁcation, govern the Accuſative : Hav ing a PalIive Signiﬁcation, they govern the Dative.

ſſ URNUS the brethren puts ſent to death from U RNUS inteyſcioſra ter miffus Lycia et 4 Lyeia and the fields of Apol agcr Apollo, Marcus, lo, and Menoztes, an Arcadi Arcarjuveni: quſus bel an youth, hating the wars in lum nequicquam. vam. Victory, hating theſe my Victoria, exqſus hie armies, does not thus fly manus, non adeofugz'o, ut away, that I ſhould refuſe to recuſo guz'ſquam pro tan attempt any thing, for ſuch tusſþcs., hope. I do now, indeed ſubmit; Nunc cedo equidem; end, deteﬅing the conteﬅ, I at, txq/us pzcgna, relinqu' cave it. U. If, Almighty jupiter, thou St', juþitcr 0mniþ0 doﬅ not hate the Trojans even tent, nandum exqſu: Tra to a man ; if, in any reſpect, jamu ad unu.r.*fi, qui, thy ancient pity regards hu antiquus þietas rg/þici' man misſortunes, grant, 0 humanu: labour, do claffi': father, the fleet to eſcape the cuaa'o flamma, pace', et burning, and ſnatch from ruin erz'pio let/tum tenuir m" the ſlender affairs of Teucer's Teucri. race. Melancholy minds occupy Mrzfltu tence þroximur the next laces; who, inno locw, quz, inflms paria cent have rought death upon ktum ſui manus, qui themſelves with their OWn ſang/ice hands, m; LþiTlN LANGUAGE; \ 159x hands, and abhorring the profit-r lax, þrqjicio an light, caﬅ. away their ſouls. ' lfllfl, But it is enough, that they Sed ſatir ſum þerco . fell once: it would have Sumſotis, þcrqſurþezzitus been enough, that they, al omnir jamineu: g was, moﬅ deteﬅing all the female fierce ante. race, had ſinned before. He who is greedy to heap Quiſiwz auz'du: arm- up riches to himſelf, nor cares mule divz'tizſui ipſe, ner by What unjuﬅ ans (It-means uqru qui; iniquu: an' nal he gets them, treaſures up methodur obtz'nco iJ, rcpu- r cauſe ſo: repentance. no rauſa þzznitcntia, -<_ He who is ſkilful in cheat-v Qui ſum gnaru: ſadly-4 ing others, hath learned a aliur, diſca ar: turþigſi-ea, baſe art, and fools are wiſer idiotaſumſaþicns Palmi than ſuch polititians. cur luc. Good magiﬅrates, promot Bomc: magzflratus,ﬅr ing the publickintereﬅ, obp m'em c'onmum's utilztasr. [carving the laws, and favour parent lex, et ſavem vir--, mg virtue, are worthy of tus,,fizm 'dign-us honor. honour. Pauſanias too, the other Pouﬅmias quoque, aL. general of theLacedaemonians, ter dux Lacedzmami, (Iſ being accuſed of treachery, cuſatus Praditia, abco in went into baniſhment. > exilz'um. Pe'ſrus, afflitur iþatrr Perſeus, forgetting his fath er's fortune, bade his ſoldiers fortuna, jubeoſim: 'mile-s remember the old glory of reminz'ſror vetus glurza Alexander. Alexander. _ Dariuswentaboutencourag Darius circumeo [wr ing his men, and putting them tanrſuur, et admoncm is m mind of the ancient glory vetus -gloria- Perſce, et Of the Perſians, and of the perpetuus Poſicffio imþeri- - perpetual poſſeffion of' the um datusſui a deuzs. em ire given him by the gods. he Afiatics, remembering Aſiafzſici, recardan: dig thedignity of Berenice's fath 'm'tas Pater Berenire, et, er, and pitying her. hard for mzſiſcrtus is indignusſor., tune, ſent aid. . tuna, mitto auxihum. 4 e Junius -Si1anus, being aſk; jum'us Silanur, rega e his opinion concerning tu: ſentmtia de In'c, gin' thoſe, that were detained in tm, priſon, Lfi'l A na' [NTRO'DUC'TLON 're priſon, voted, that Epuniſh in cuﬅodie: temo, deemen ment ought to be infli ed. ' ſuþþh'ciunr/umſunxuduh Alexander, the king of Alexander, rex- Egyp Egvpt, dreading the cruelty tur, time'zs crudelitasma. of his mother, and preferring ter, et anteþonarrsſecurur a ſecure and ſafe life before a et tum: vita regnmn, re kingdom, left her. lingua is. Having obtained Egypt:v Potitus Egyþhu ſine without a conteﬅ, he goes inx eertamen, þergo in Lydia, aſſuru: temþlum juþzſiten to Lybia, defigning to viſit the temple of jupiter Ham Hammon, et cozzſwlturus it mon, and conſult him con de eventus bcdum. cerning the event of the i war. Boys are not to beglutted Puer 'tonſure imþlen with meat: For-We cannot du: cibu: : non mimzþq/ſi uſe our reaſon -well, being ſum nto' men: 'rectg cam filled with much meat and þletu: multus cibur et drink. * . - .zo. ' Many men, abounding in Multur- homoabundans gold and flowing in wealth, aurum et circumflucm'v dia cannot deliver their minds 'oil-ice, 'um prſſzm Men from cares: No pofl'effion pſſffi' animate igtſitur cum .* neſt-'inlan Ntdlus therefore is to be valued more, than virtue. durſum magir quam viv hu. , Tiberius ſeldom uſ'd the Tiben'w ram utar Greek language, and abﬅained Gracur ſermo, abﬅinen vFſirom it chiefly in the Senate, que maxime in Senaws, inſomuch that, being about to; adeo quidem at, 'combu mention the Word monoþoltum, turur vex, monopolium, he aſked pardon, becauſe he þofluh' venth, good ſui was obliged to make uſe of a ute'zdum oerbum pe foreign word. regrmux. Sylla, for a'long time ſo Sylcta, diu, woful' gem, behaved himſelf,- that he ub widen-r- boote. mellu: ſeemed to have no thought' cagitatio Pateadflm corſa of ſetting up for the conſul haw. 1 . 'Fhere will be no other tumu Nonſum temþu: actes lzctberandun' oppor <-T.-=-a."fflufi..__. more ſeaſonable time of deliv ering ourſelves from the ago mio: Carthagt'nimſu dread of the Carthaginians guam than

-_.( -_n_..__ .-s .___.4 'fat LATIN LANGUAGE. 16' than now, whilﬅ they are þuam nunc, dam/um in Weak and needy. ſirmus at egenus. After this the Carthagini Pq/t hic Pmni mitta ans ſent general: into Sicily, dux in Sicilia, ad perſe to proſecute the remains of gumdum nlz'guie bellum,. the war, with whom Agath cum qui Agathoclcs par: ocles made a peace. ſacio. " It would be tedious to me. Langus ſum neat/to count what Annibal has done qui A'mibal patre in age, againﬅ us and- our armies, by exercitrt/quc nq/ter popu plundering our cities and Zandum urbr et inur/ici-r lkilling- our fellow ſoldiers. endum cammilitio. E aminondas was modeflz Eþaminondar ſum mo pru ent, ﬅeady, wiſely uſing deﬅus, prudent, grauir, the times, ſkilled in war, of-a ſapience'- uterzs tcmþur, great ſpirit, a loven of truth, Peritus bellum, magnun merciful, not only bearing animus, diligent: verizar, with the injuries of the peo clemenr, nunſblumſertna ple, but his friends too; he injuriaþoþulur,_ſcd etiam._ was exerciſed very much in amicu: ;. excrcca pin running and wreﬅ-ling, and rimum currcndum et ſuc employed a great deal/of his. tandum,, at conſumo. plu application in arms. rimumﬅudium inwarmaht hilip ſends deputiesl to P/rilz'þþus mitta- lega-t Atheas, king oſthe Scyt-hians, fur-ad Athens, not. sayn-2 deſiring.a.part-of the expenſe t/cmffietenrpa'tio impenfiz of the ſiege. Atheas, blam oly'idz'a. fit/tra', cauſes ing the rigour of the climate tus inclementia czlum, et and the barrenneſs oſ the ſterilitas term, qui non. land, which did not enrich dita SyZ/uz patrimonium,-. the Scythians with wealth, reſþondea, 'tullusſui ape's' replied,_that.-he had no riches ſum, qui exþlco tantura wherewith he might ſatiSſy vex, et putat it [pis dcſunm ſo great a king, and that he gorþaruw, gyam abmzo thought it more ſcandalous totus._ to do but a little, than to re-, fuſe the whole. Alexander, ſond' oſ= high Alexander, gaudrm' titles, ordered himſelf to be magnu: tituZu:,'jubeo ſui adoredh The moſt violent adorn. Accr, inter reru among the recuſants was fiimſzZns,ji4m cxitzctum Callijl/tencs,qui iſle,et multus Calliﬅhenes, which thing brought ruin on him, and on princch Maccdom'a. Ta O 2, many, men, 16: A xuw INTROSUC'NON 'to / many of the great men of Mac - men nosſalumadam re: edonia. Nevertheleſs the cuſ retimo a Month. tom of ſaluting the king was retained by the Macedoni int. The Bituriges ſent deputies Bitu'ige: mit-to legatu: to Caeſar to complain of inju ad Ceſar qucﬅum de in ries, and to beg affiﬅanee ]un'a, et Petitum auxih' againﬅ the Carnutes. m contra Carnutcs. Timoleon took Mamercus, Timolron capia Mamm the ltalian general, a warlike cus, Italians dux, homa man and of great power, who bcflfcqſu: et þotcm, qui had come into Sicily to affiﬅ arm'o in Sicilzctn aryutum the tyrants. ' tyrannus. Juﬅ judges, hating bribes Judcx juſiur, ſze'nzſus and covetouſneſs, are hated by muw et avantia, jun thoſe whoſe guilt rompts qu/iu illa, qui real-us an. them to aVOid the Kroke of ima illa evita iflus juﬅice. He is hated by all, tia. Ille ſum cxofiu m 'hated by gods and men, that m's, þcrqſu: dem- ct humo, is pervert-ed by the love of qui carrumþo amor num money to pronounce unjuﬅ 'rmtr ad prqf'ero. ſcntcntia ſentences. zmguus. When both the prayers and Cum et proceed mine threats of the deputies were kgatur ſhewen, armatus flighted, they came armed ad 14er venio, z'Izi den: to the city, there they call homoquc taﬅer, ſui-vem'o gods and men to witneſs, that mm cxþugnatum, ﬅd re they came not to force, but to cuþeratumþatria; oſten recover their country; and ſurq/quc civi: ſum, 'wa would ſhew their countrymen, oirtur, ſed flrtuna, dl that not their courage, but ſum in brawn. fortune had failed them in the war.

_* >wr v . i. ' .\ A In' LATlN. hANzGDAeG-Er M

a, Ac- H' A. r. XXXIX. ANonn, or, Pronounfiexin die.iﬂhlatihe ..9 ahſolute, when joined with a Phrt'icipie eare preſſed, or underﬅood, and there-is nachſi er word to govern it.

OD being teache', men' *DEU*S doctor, h'oma, to,- m'hrſil' e'nimpqfflcm' will learn ; becauſe nothing can reſiﬅ his power. 'reſiﬅo potentia is. ct Death approaching, the' ' Mars approþ'inguanr, foul, which did not before omnia, qui non" out? m believe the word of God con do verbum Deus] de reten' cerning eternity, ſees future nitzzr, videa futuru: Peru things with much perſpicui ſhicizitar multur _: et con ty ; and conſcience accuſing, ſcienttſia arcuſunr, wit-dam nen condemn themſelves; . mſui; et pravzjiu 2'qu and hell. being foreſeen, with num, qui Deus minor illa, which God threatened,_them,. ttmcm, they tremble.. ' *' This matter being propoſed' Hic re: delhtur ad'con-. to a council', when her-found dflum, cum cogvzqſto am? they. all; thought thevſame nisflntio idem, conﬅitue thing, he a points the next Proximus' die: þugna; dayfor the' afile. The 'Roman people after Popular Romanus, Gdb Caeſar- and Pompey were ſlain, ſhr et' Pompeius trurz'daz ſeemed to have returned to t'uſr, videor redro in their former ſtate-oſ liberty. tinurﬅatu: libertas. , . Whilſl: our cavalry were No 'er r uitatux an' coming up, the enemy ſhewed vent-am, hzyſz's fitbito of: their foot ſuddenly, which rendb pale/trix rapid, qui' they had. planted. in'ambuſ colloca in zrzfidz'z. ' cade. When theſe things were Ht'c re: nunriatw Ro-_. told at Rome, the Senate ma, Senatu: decerno gave the command- of the ma fir/mien; bgllum cori-_ Achaian war to the conſul; ſſſilL', i * The . mflifi '164 'A ruw INTRODUCTION 'r' The enemy, after they Hoﬅis, cognitus is ad knew of his coming, having ventus, caaflus magnus raiſed great forces, attacked caþie, adorior 'te/ler ag our army in their march. mm in itcr. , Lavinus, after having re Levinus, omnis Sicilt'a covered all Sicily, after hav receptus, Maccdaniafrac ing humbled Macedorn'a, re tus, cum ingens gloria turned with greatjoy to Rome. Rome: regredior. Drawing out his forces Productus coþiw Pri _about break of day, and hav mus lux, et duplex acics ing formed them into two inﬅitutus, exþecta quid lines, he waited to ſee what conſilium hoﬅis caflian I _meaſures the enemy would take. -* Nero committed many par Nero mulZus þarricidi ricidcs; after having put to um committo ; froter ux death his brother, wife and or, et matcr interſcctus, nother, he fired the city. urbs Rama inccnda. In the room oſ Eneas, Aſ In locus Incus, Aſ. canius his ſon ſucceeded ; who caniusſiliusſuccedo 3 qui, leaving Lavinium, built Long relictus Lavinium, cond'v Alba, which was the metre Alba Langa, qui ſum ta' polis of the kingdom for three put rcglnum Per. trecmti hundred years. annus. Antiochus, being cut off Antiochus, deletus om with all his army in Parthia, nister coþieis Demetrius in Part/Lia, liberſialus fro- his brother Demetrius being deliveredſrom the ſiege of the obfidio Part/tus, cum om Parthians, whilﬅ all Syria nis Syria ſum in luctus was in, mourning for the loſs þroþter amiffus cxercitus, of, the army, as if the wars, quaſi bellum, qui iPſe et which he and his brother had frater irzſero Part/tus, in. made upon the Parthians, in qui alter raþio, alter oc-i which the one had been tak cido, ceda pro/peraﬅatuo en, and the other ſlain, had bellum irgſtro uflgyþtus. ' - ſucceeded happily, reſolves to make war upon Egypt. Oroſernes, having entered _ Orifirncs, ' inicns. fle into an alliance with the An cta'as Antiochcnw, tun; tipchians, when offended at, eff'ſſus _Demet1ius, con-L Qemetrius, reſolves, to drive ﬅituo Pello ipfi regnum,; them out of his kingdom, by qui reﬅituo. Demetrius, Whom he had been reﬅored, cognitus his, force vita- ® When. - ., is, v-r-w-r

'lu- L'ATI-N LANG U'AG E. 165 When Demetriua knew this, is, ne An'arat/ze: Men he. ſpared his life, lefi: Ariara man: bellum; ſed jub: thes ſhould be delivered from t': cuﬅodie vinctus. the fear of war; but orders him to be kept bound. The Sotiates big- with their Satiatcr, fretus ſuperi ar victmia, puloſalus ta vformer victories, thought the tus Aquilamſia þmdca ex whole preſervation of Aqui tain depended on their valour. virtuJ ſum. Noﬅer au-r But our men deſired it ſhould tcm cuþia Perſþiciv qui: pqffum ſacz'a ſine impem be ſeen, what they could do tor et reltſiquux legio, advi without their general and the other legions, a you-Anusv g/cmwhu dux. Tun man being their leader. dcyz hoﬅis. verto tergu'm; la-ſt, the enemy- turned their guz mag'zu: 'numerui-v m backs, a- g-reat number of tcrchur, Craffim tap-i whom being flain, Cmſſns be apjntgno opþidum Socia gan to aſſault the town of the ter. _ o Sotiates. Having thus encomsagcd Sic excite) miles, bellum his ſoldiers, he made war up inſcro Romamu. At Pto on the Romans. But king l'smzzus. rex mortuus in Ptolemy being dead-in Egypt, Egyþtur regnum, et uxor thekingdom and his wiſe, Cleopatra "ging, dyſcro qupen- Cleopatra, are deliver is, Qui gultcmq erena. ed to him, who governed Cya rene. 1 \ You know, that thbſe, 5'Scic' it; qui mity; mo whom I' have mentioned juﬅ db, prqſero inþcn'um Ill-1 now, havin carried their em tra mare lom'm, uſque in pire beyon the Ionian ſea, Sicilia impano nullm ma even into Sicily, ſet no bounds dus cupiditax, antrquam to' their greedin'eſs, before amitto totu: imþerium _: they loﬅ their whole empire ; et partux navffque trada and their harbours and ſhips hq/ti: recipio preſidium being delivered to the enemy, in urcts. received a garriſon into their city. \ Galba, having fought ſome Galba, ficun'dus ali ſucceſsful ſkirmiſhes, and guot þmlz'um ſactus, ex having taken ſeveral of their pugnatuſgue camfltzrn ir ſorts,to him de fli'om uties all too parts, being and ſent a caſkctum, Itgatu: quoque mifflus ad i: undique, Ft ' peace 166 AJLILW l'N'TRO'DUCTION r' peace' concluded, reſolves to þax ſatins, corg/iit'ua not quarter too cohorts among the low duo calm-r: in Naomi Nantuates, and to winter him ates, et him ipſe in vi ſelf with the other cohorts of cu: Verag-ri, qui appella that' legion in a village ofthe Octadurus; et quum lu'c Veragri, which is called Oc in dua par: flumm divi todurus; and as it was divid do, aitcr pan hic vicu' ed in two parts by a tor__rent, divido Gallus, alter ſolemne one part of the village he aſ himandum attribua. ſigned to the Gauls, the other he allotted for the cohorts to winter in. Now, the day declining, Nunr f/demſiabzns dies, ſhe ſeeks the ſame entertain conviaium qui-tra; Jliacuſ ments, and demands to hear zue iterumdemens medio la again the Trojan misfortunes, a-r expzſco, pendo quc ite and hangs again from the rum narram ab 0.', mouth of the narrator. .

uw" CHAP. XL.

The Supine-in um, has an active Signiﬁcation; and is governed by Verbs and Participles ſignifying Motion to a Place. -_ _ The Supine in u, has a Paﬃve Signification, - and is governed by Adjectives. '

THIS man came to Cxſar HIC homa venia ad Ca to intreat, that. he would ſar ora, ut ignqſco A pardon him. ſ m. Manna; to hide, Vir v Maecenas went to diverſion, and Virgil went to bed. giliuſquc to domio. A true friend is a 'thing Verus amicus ſum re: hard to be found. difficflz': invenia; Let nothing filthy to be Nzl ſade: dice, video ſ oken, or to be ſeen, touch vc, tango hic lime-n, intra hoſe doors, within which quipucr ſum. there is a child. Ovid, Ovide: ' n W* vz-W a' m; LA'TINL'AſſNGUAc x. 167

Ovid tells us, that the young Om'dus diro ago, mulirr Roman gemlewomen went to janior Romanur to ad the theatre to ſee young men,to theatrnm mdro adalgſcem, ſhew their fine clothes, and to tfflendo vq/Zisſuurekga/m, [et themſelves ſweethearts. et þaro ſui Procus. The- man that goes a hawk Qui, to amupar, amor, ing, hunting, or viſiting his vel vz'jb amicur ſum', cum friends, when his neceſſary negotium necgffarius poſ occaſions call for his preſence tulo pra-ſentia i: alibi, an elſewhere, prefers his recrea fiſus, te ere recreatwet ſocieta; nego'zu'z amicus tion before his buſineſs, and 'the ſociety of his friends be commodum ſuch. fore his own profit. That man is hard to be Ille ficm difficilix inve found, that preſerreth his m'o, qui praþono commo friend's advantage before his dum amicus ſuus. own. Thoſe parents, who are too Paren: is, qui nimi: indulgent to their children, indulgeo Men' finer, flzm are Worthy to be blamed ; but dignu: culpo ;ſed qui ca thoſe that keep them under a ercco i: diſczplina mode moderate reﬅraint, are worthy ratus, ſum dignur laude. to be commended. Alexander being mindful Alexander memor Da that Darius was yet alive, ſent rius 'adhuc vivo, mittb Parmenio to ſeize upon the Parmcm'a occuþo claffis Perſian fleet, and other friends Perſians, aliuſque amicu: to receive the cities of Aſia. reciþio civitas Aſia. Then he recovered Rhodes, Indc reciþio R/zodur, Egypt and Cicilia, without Egyþtur, at Cicilia, ſine any conteﬅ; then he goes to certamen; deinde perg' Jupiter Hammon, to conſul: ad juþiter Hammon, con him concerning the event of ſula is dc cucntus bellum the war and his own original. et origoſuus. Cum hqfltſſ: cmffpici' NVhen the enemies ſaw Al exander alone, they flock to Alexander ſhlus, undiquc gether from all quartersznor cancurro ; me minus con did he leſs courageoufly reſiﬅ, ﬅanter reſſſa, et unus þrelior adverſus to! miller. and alone fight againﬅ ſo Sum incrcdibihſi: dice, at many thouſands. It is incred ible to be ſaid, that not the\ non multztuda key/tis, rum multitude of the enemies, nor uistantu: magnus tlamar lelum, ilaceſrnr, 'um the vaſt number of weapons, not' term

if' .__.-7__'

at' A new ſi-lNT-RODU-CTXON so

nor ſo great a ſhout of thoſe, serr-co is, at ſaluewcdo that attacked dam, ſhould . acſugo let milk. , fright him, that_=he alone _>_ſhould ſlaughter and ut to ' flight ſo xnany thouſnn s. ,.Part of the army was'ſent Pars-await? mitta tto lay waflethe Romanterri do ular er ame-'m _'_\ZOX'lC$, and Lo attempt, the-city :fltff£to.flgx 'Z' itſelf; sL. 'Valeriuswas left J/aldrins Wdinquo duty' at) defend the city, and 1th walls, et conſul Poflhumi ,-.eonſul Poﬅhumitks was zſent a: mitto arctozhcſſis-sx a to drive-away the enemy -out tgcr. of the country. A XVhe-n it --WBS >told the iRO< Cum mmn'o Romanu: mans, thatPhilip wouldbring Phihþþu: .tmjicio-mþicz over his army into Italy, they Miltah'a, mitta Lavinw, ſent Laevinus, the Praetor, to Pretorfflrohibcatranfitm; - hinder his paſſage ; who, when squi, cum trajicia in Grae cia, Per/Leaden ,.ffitolus he had paſſed ovaer into ſuſcijnſio beltum advcrjiz: _ Greece, perſuades the fEtoli to undertake a war againﬅ Bhilipþus. . Philip. _ When Darius was beaten Cum Dan'usficmmowa . from Scythia, he 'ſent Mega wz-Scyihia, out cum Pars mitto copia Megaby ſubtſi byzus with-a part oſ- the army to ſubdue Thrace, and 'the Jgo Thracia, utter-ye veg other kingdoms on that ſide ; numi: trefies; qui-exe who executed the king's ord zquar' rcx =imþtrium, =et xers and ſent ambaſſadors..-to Anitto legatzu Amyntax, Arnyntas,aking of Macedmia, vex Macedania, þq'to eb . to demandhoflzages of him. ije: is. The zSenate ſends Cnmus Seamen: mitto Cmeu: Scrvilius into Africa, to ob 'Cnoſſus-in Africa, ſhet ſerve the actions of Annibnl, wulor actur Annibal, et r and enjoins him by private þrwciffiia is tacitur man linﬅructions,-to kill Annib-ll, datum interjficio Ameibal, iſ he could, and deliverthe fi þqffum, et libcro Roma Rouian pe0ple from the dread' lwur 'Pvþulur metus invi of that hated name. But An 'ſutmmem Wed Amid-al nibal was not long ignorant' 'nanſum ignarux res, eir ; ' ,_ of the matter, being a num 'r partſ-'ius Wrffþicz'o 'es ca ready to ferſ-ce and beware aſ utw 'frm'c-u lum; ..dangc_r. a: , - > Ev'n/I ſſt c ,.- The

'rue LATIN LANCUAGE. 169 The eaﬅ wind forces three Euru: urgea trex nauz'r &Lips from the high ſea upon all altum in brevia ctſyr tis, mgſnabict: videa, i/hſi l'Aﬂ' ſhoals and quickſands, miſer able to be ſeen, and daſhes dogue vadum, atque cingo

them againſt the fords, and aggcr arcna. -'u4._'_n_z._>'_ ſurrounds them with a heap of Pah'vdictſiefl'es ſand. dwell there, Pallem marbus habit', and ſad old age, and fear, and triﬅzſguc finectus, et me evil adviſing hunger, and in tus, 'et maleſuadus fames, famous poverty,ſpe&:es horrid at turpz': cgeﬅar, terribi to be ſeen. . ii: videoſarma. Moreover, ſhocking to be Quin, miſcrabi'lz': 'vi ſeen, they kick the heads of dco, praſigo ipſe caffiut Eurialus and Niſus on erect Eurialus et Nz'ſu: in ed ſpears, and follow with haſia arrectus, et ſeguor' much vociferation. multus clamar. On the other part, horrid Pars al'ius, harrendur to be ſeen, Mezentius brand-l video, Mezentiu: quqffib 'iſhed the Etruſcan pine, and pinns Etrq/cus, et irzſcr' throws among them ſmoaking fumffcrus ignix. torches. ' Then from a hollow cloud, Tum main cavur, ﬅrange monﬅer to behold, the my'erabili: monﬅrum vi; Goddeſs, in the ſhape of ſE dco, Dca, in ſade: Ene neas, furniſhes with Trojan as, inﬅnuro Dardanus armour an airy phantom, with telum tcmzi: umbra ſine out ﬅren th, and imitates the vires, clyþeumguc 'absque ſhield an crcﬅed helmet of divinus caput a, mule. his divine head.

'go AMWINTRODUCTIONT':

* XLI. Nouns, that ſignify the time When, are gener ally put in the Ablative. Nouns, that ſignify the continuance of T ime, are commonly put in the Accuſative.

HEY, that always de QUIſemþer ﬅatue fimt ſign to be good, next _ &onurſeþtimanaþrax Week, and to amend 'their tmur,annus et proxzſirnus, corrigo vitaſuru 'regret lives, next year, and do not aggredior hadie, video il mſiockſet about God, it to to pleaſe day, the ſeem dev* to Zudolus, et Deus, fallo aniiſſnaſſſuus.placeo diabn _ il, and cheat their own ſouls. ' Let us not ſay, next year, Ne dice, annus þrox next month, next week, next ſeþtzſimana imus, men/is' proxtmus, roximur, hare hour, next moment, but em brace the offer of. eternal life, proximus, vel momentum this preſent inﬅant- " Woximus, Zſed amplector eana'itio ſe icitar eternw, articulus Iu'c ipſe temþus. When will ou increaſe Quando augea diligen your diligence? he firﬅ day tt'a tuus r? Primur dies, we come from ſchool. qui revertar a ſehola. v A boy, that loiters a whole Puer, qui ceffi' ſeþti Week, beecmeth idle after man'a tatur, ſin ignavu: wards and will not ﬅudy. pq/tea, 'et non ﬅudeo. Sed But he is a wiſe boy, that illeſum þuer ſapiem', qui intermingles ﬅudy with play, interpano ﬅudium ludur, even upon holiday: Then id que dies ſe us : Tunc play becomes pleaſant to him, [udus ſiojucundu: ille in at his intervals, and his mind tervallumſuus, et ment is z ſum ita parar ad dzſiſſn, ; is ſo prepared for learning, that when he comes to ſchool ut cum revertar ad ﬅ/za- il again, he can learn all day la, þoffum ﬅudea dies to without wearineſs. tu: abſque tztdium. l None is ſure 'to live anoth Nemo ſum certu: ei'oþ er year, yet none is content alz'u: annur, nemo tamenfl to die this year. ſum contentus marior bia' Annibal anmu, Annibact d m: LATIN LANGU'AGE. 171 Annzſibal ad Africa ve Annibal returned to Africa, the third year, after he had deo, tertius annus, Po - fled from home. quem prcffugia e dumzu. Tiberius died in the ſeventi Tiberius abeoſeffituaggſ. eth and eighth year of his mus et octavur annur ze age, and twenty third of his tur, e_t vigtjimue tertz'us reign. maye-num. Bacchus, at the begining of Bocc/zw, initium [Id the war, had ſent ambaſſadors [um, mitto Irrgatus ad Ro< to Rome to deſire a league and ma þflo ſet/ius et amici alliance. tza. e Auius called cut his fol Auſu: evoco miles men. diers in the month of Janua ſir januariu:,ex hybema, ry from winter quarters, upon in expeditio. an expedition. Fwnerator relego ommſir The uſurer calls in all his money on the ldes, and ſeeks pecunia Idus, et guaro to lay it out on the kalends. kalendes puno. In the ſame year there was Idcm annu: ſum term an earth uake betwixt the motu: inter inſula Them iflands ofql'hera and Theraſia, et Themſia, et 'repente and on a ſudden an ifland roſe inſula emergo ex prqfun out of the deep. dum. ln_Aſia too, the ſame day, In Aſia quoque, idrm. the fame earthquake ſhattercd - cancutzſiodles, idem Rhadus, motu; multzzſ term Rhodes, and many other cit xes. gue alz'ur civitas. Homer and Hefiod lived Humerus et Heſiodus about a hundred and fifty vivo cirriter (entum et Years, before the building of flinquaginta annus ame Rome. oma conditur. Mithridates reigned fixty Milfzridates regne fix years, lived ſeventy two, aginta annuJ, vivoﬅþtuſh. and had a war with the ginta d'uo, *et habeo bel; Romans forty years. lumcpntraRomanusguad. 'aginta annw. * Caligula lived twenty nine Calg'gula 'air/a annun years; he reigned three years, vigintz' novem; imcha ten mouths, and eight days. tnennium, deccm men 1.', die: et 050. Agamemnon withrnuch ado Agamemnon vix caþifl took one city in ten years. umu WZU deccm annug Epammondaa Eyaminmdas, *'.'

172 A ruw XNTRODUCTION 'so Epaminondas in one day de E aminondar, unus dies, livered all Greece. [i no totu: Graciu. The labours of many Labor multu: menſis et months and years may periſh annm interca paſſant in a moment of time. punctum tempus. At the ſame time, the Con [dam tcmþur, Can/entſ ſentini reVOlted from the Car ni dgſicia a Panw. , th aginians. Scipiowas Cnrule Edile, Stiþioſum Curulz': AE that year, with M. Cornelius dilir, is aunus, cum M. Ccthegus. Cornelius Ccthcgus, Poﬅhumius was a publican, Paſihumiu: ſum publi who, for ſeveral years, had caitw, qui, multu: unnus, none in the city equal "to him, [tabeo'nema in cioitas par in knavery and covetouſneſs. ſuifrau: et uvaritia. That roguery was diſcover Is ſmus indico M. ed to M. Attilius, the Praetor, Attiliur, Prazor, annu: the year before. ' Friar. Some-preſages of the future Nonnulhu prodigiun' reatneſs of Alexander ap futuvus magnitude Alex peared at his birth. For the ander affifiarca in ipſe ar dayHctvo on eagles which ſat all he day, was born, upon tus. Num, is dies, ui nqſcor, duo aguilt; ſegco, th: top oſ his father's houſe, totu: dies, ſupm pater do. by which was ſignified, that mur ; qui ſigniſica ilk he ſhouldenjoy the empire of Potion' imþerium A a Eu Afia and Europe. The ſame roþaque. [dam dzer, quo day alſo his father received que path-i: acciþio 'um the news of two victories. cium dua victoria. Nabis the tyrant, at the Nabz': tyranmu, idem ſame time, had ſeized many temþur, accuþo multus cities of Greece. Therefore u'rb: Gracia. Igitur the Senate, leſt they ſhould Scnatur, ne dainty du be engaged in a double war, þlcx bellum, idcm temþur, at the ſame time, wrote to firibo Flaminius, fi videar _ Flaminius, if it ſeemed good to iſ, ut libero Macedom'a a him, as he had freed Macedo Phictþpus, ita libero Gra nia from Philip, ſo he would 'cia a Ncbis, 05 qui calf/2' deliver Greece from Nabis, imþcrium firm-ago is. for which reaſon his com mand was continued to him. The Gauls, paffing the Alps, Gallus, tranſgrqffu: ſubdued the Pannonians, and Alþcx, dam' Pannonius, waged '3 ->-_ v-v v-"*vv***'\*v

'rue LATrN LANGUAGE. ' r73; waged war, ſeveral years with et gera 'bellum multus an. the neighbouring nations -, nu: cum ſinz'tz'mu: gem ,-_ ſome invaded M'acedonia ; aZiur z'rwado Macedom'a'z! and others, Greece; "and ſo alius, Grecia ; et tanturt great was the ter-ror of the ſum terror Gallicu: 710.. Gallic name, that kings not men, ut rcx non lacſſtus, moleſted, bought peace of pecunz'g.mercor ultro [lax ingens ſi their own accord, at' a great rate. The next day and.nigþt af- ' Proximu: die: et 110.' ter, the camp was beſieged Poflerus, caflra circumſi' vand attacked, with ſo great deo et abſideo-tantm viy, tiolence, thaL a. meſſenger- ut nunczusmon paſſant could not be ſent to Rome. mitto ad Rama. VVhilﬅ_ the. works. go on Dumpþus ſea diligcn' morev diligently in the dey, till: die: quam czſſodiu than-they are guarded in- the me, magnu: izsultimdo night a great multitudecom< e'greffurexmrbs, armatur - ing out, o£,-the,_ tOWn, armed pjr'aeczþuefax, conjicio t'a chiefly with torches,_ threw invendz'urſinms ; et momentum lzauria aggrihora, fire about, and in th'e moment of an.hour, the fire conſumed et Vinem, oþurtam lungs-s the mole_ and the-Vineae, a, feuapura, ' workofſo long a time. . About the fourth watch, he or Quartus e 'caﬅrapet vigiha' opie: egredſ ſſadea marched out of the-camp, and ſiaþþroþera, u't Voſſi video, the work was carried on ſo faﬅ, that the, Volſei ſound ſuz' circ-uuwallatu: firmzzs thcmſelves ſurrounded by a. mauimentum,fll nortur. , ﬅrongKentrenchmentþat ſun, riſen In that battle Aﬅ-'Yages is In is pra-[ſum Aﬅjage: taken, from whom Cyrus caþio, qui Cyrur adima took nothing elſe but his ni/ziI-alz'nr _quanz..-reg11umz kingdom, and acted the grandq et_ag0 nepo: m ſi, magir ſon towards him, rather than quem victor, et , prapmw the conqueror,_and ſet him isHjc magnus finis' ſum gem imþerzſium Hyrcani. , over the great nation__oſ the Hyrcanians. This was the Medi: Potior z'mþerium end of. the- empire of the trecenti et- quinguaginla. M-edes :_ They enjoyed.the &InUo . empire thee; hundred and. , fifty, years. ' r. a The. Rheums-e 174 A tuw INTRODUCTION 're The thnicans built Car- Pluzm'cescondo Can/w thage, in Africa, fifty years go, in Africa, quinqua before the taking of Troy. ginta annur ame caþtus Ilium.

c H A P. XLIIQ Nouns that ſignify the Names of Kingdom, Cit ies and Towns, if they are of the or fec and Declenﬁon, and Singular Number, are put in the Genitive. _ Proper names of Places, that are of the Plural Number only or of the Third Declenﬁon, are put in the Ablative. 'Proper Names of Places, after Verbs of Motion, are put in the Accuſative. The Proper Name of a Place from which a Perſon goes, is put in the Ablative. The Dz'ﬅance of one Place from another is put in the Accuſative, or Ablative.

LD age was no where SENECTUS 'nt/quem more honoured, than at honomtus, quem Lac Laccdemon ; and ſervants edazman; et ſet-our maſ were no where better treated, quam bene habco quem' than at Athens. Athena. Pyrrhus was flain at Del- Pyrrhus u occido Del phi ; and Philip -was flain at phi; et th'lz'þpus inter theAgae, publick as he games-ſi was going to ſee ficio tum ludusAge, þublicus. cum eo ſpecta After they had done this, Pa/iquam hicſacio, re they returned from Chalcis to deo Chalci: Athena', Athens. If you will go into the Si eo rur, invenio ame' cauntry, you will find your cus tuu: domur, friend at home. He , But' 'va-7 r'*"*- -

. 'wr- LATIN LANGUA'CE. X 175 He led his armyto Mogþ Duco mem'tus Maga ra, and immediately after to m, ac propinu: Canini/ma. Corinth. > When Alexander n'as come . Cum Alexander waſ' to Tarſus, being taken with Tarſw, capture-manhoo the pleaſantneſs of the river fluvius Cydmu, 'In/lum: Cydnus, running through the medizu urAr, depom a' middle of the city, he put off ma, et plenus joy-[vile at his armour, and full of duﬅ ſudor,ſrzſigidus conjicieſui aqua; poﬅ in þrc qui and ſweat threw himſelf into the cold water , upon which magnu: ngpr occupo 'lah- a great numbneſs ſeized his ous. nerves. When hoys are ſent from Puer cum mine dows, home to the Fehool, they ad ſchola, mm cgffiz ſum, ought not to loiter, or play meque ludo Per m'a .: wem by the May; the ſame lS to ſum olzſcrua, cum mit-w a be obſerved when they are ſcholar domun ſent from the ſchool home. I was born in the country, Ego mſſor my, et me. and never have my health guamfdix valetua'aſruar, better, than when I go into. quam cum nczþio ago rus. the count-ry. 8' The Roman Emperor, Juli Imþemtor Ramanu, us Caaſar, after he had _con julius szſar,. pqﬅquam quered the ancient Britons, ſupero quus, aidzſiſico Brita'mu: turri: antzlLon built a tower at London, the chief city of England; but dinum, metroþolirctnglia ; did not ﬅay at London, but ſed non maneo Londinum, appointed lieutenants in his ſed conﬅitu-a [herea- low: ﬅead, and returned from ſans, et rcdca Londinum London into Italy. in India. Careleſs and wicked boys Puer izg/cdulur et im come from church and from pius diflcdo a tcmflum'et ſchool, more readily than a ſchola, flamptw quad' they go to them. adco illa. Whilﬅ theſe thing; are venio Dum a Darius, In'c ago, rexct legem: Per doing, ambaſſadors v came from Darius, king of the Par fz, Carthaga,fmns edic thians, to Carthage, bringing tum, gilt' Pani vcto in. an edict, by which the Car not' thaginian' were forbidden to offer *"*" -

576 anew INTRODUC'T'IONTO' offer human ſacrifices, and to molt' human: Hictiffia£. car dogs' fleſh. et ugſcor car-0 mninus. Caeſar divided his army into Ccſar divide 'cajzia in five ans, and leſt one at guinque pan', et 'elinqua Brun uſium, another at lily. unus Brunduſium, alz'u: druntum, and another at Ta Hydruntum, alius' Ta kentum. Valerius, being rentum. Q. Valerius, ſent with another, ſeized Sar miffiur alius, occupo Sar dinia, very fruitful in corn. dinia, erax Tumcntum. By hisv order, Aſinius Pollio 7: juflt A niu: Pallio Went for Sicily, which Cato pan Sicilia, qui Cato Pne governed. ſum. Becauſe there appeared no Qui-1 nullus Periculum danger in Syria, the two lo apparea in Syria, due Ze-. ions wintered at Capua. gin hyemo Capua. - Whilﬅ theſethings are done,_ Dum hic ago, made it istold at Lacedaemon, that a Laccdcman, now: bedum new war was broken -out.at exardeoPazgſamſiar Athena. to mitto, Rtxqui, Athens. KingPauſanias is ſent thither,who,being moved with permotus mﬅricordz'a ex. Kity of the exiledpeople, re ul þoþuZus, rgﬅituapcztrid ored: their country to. the ſayn-tion, etjubca deem miſerahle citizens, and order Urannu:._migro Elms/65.. ed the ten tyrants touremovg to Eleuſia._ Pyrrhus wagedwar, at>that Pyrrhus gers bellumz, time, againﬅ- the Romans ; id temþus, advt'fl: Ra who, being- invitcd= by the manus; qui, imploratus Syracuſians.to theiraid, w-hen Symcuſianu: in awe-di he was cnmeto Syracuſc, and um, cum. venia Symcuſc; had ſubdued ſeveral ci-zies, et-ſubigo mullu: civitar, Was called king of Sicily, as appella rex Sicilia, ſicuci Well aS-Epire. Epirus. After Antiochus was dead, Piyiquam . Antiochus his ſon Seleucus ſucceeded in ſungar. lcuczuſuſcceda atum,- in ſilius-Se regnum, the kingdom, who recieved his brother Antiochus, who qui reci so frater Antio had been * a. pledge .at- Rome, chux, quiſumoffm Rome, and-ga-veshis ſon Demetrius in et dofilius ſou Demetri his ſtead. . Antiochus was u: vice; is. Antiochus now come to Athens, when þervcnianjam Athena, Seleucus was taken off by a cum Scleucu: oþþrimojn plot of, Heliodorus. ſidzcte..HcZiedcrus. ' Of Ex. 'nue L-ATIN LANG-UAGE.. _ Ex triginta. mzſiZZe m,"ffl Of thirty thouſand men, whom Attalus commanded, a qui Attalur preſum, Pau few eſcaped at Clypea; all cur evado Clyþm; reti the reﬅ were either ſlain, or guu: unwit aut rath, out. taken, in which number was caþio, in qui numerurſum the Proconſul himſelf, whom ijz/L Pratoyul, qui man. not long after the Carthagini multo poﬅ Pztni mitta ans ſent to Rome, with their Roma legalus ſum, ut ambaſſadors, that he ſhould naut imþetro ill' pan, out either obtain a peace for 'GUtftW them, or return. After the Scythians had Cum Scyt/za abfiem octa been abſent eight years from annus ab uxor et bien', their wives and children, in in tertiu: A aticur ex e the third Aſiatic expedition, ditio, recip'o domus 'L they are received at home, by lnmſcrzn'h's.

a war of the ſlaves. A The Perſian gulf is diſtant Sinus Perfirur 'ii a ahundred and fifteen miles tentum et guindz'cim milk from the red ſea. paffur a man "0567. t He pitched his camp ſix Pono caﬅra fix mil/e miles from the enemy, and he paffu: ab hcyiir, et tum was at that time three days' alg/icm via triduum a Ta journey from Tarentum. rentum. Primae: aremz civilzſi: The firfi field of the civil war was ltaly ; the firﬅ ſignal &dium. Italia ſum; Pri ſounded from Ariminum ; lmus ſignum Ariminum then Libo was forced from cano ; tum Libo pello E Etruria; Thermus, from Um truria ,* Thu-mar, Umbri bria; Domitius, from Corfi a _: Domitius, Corſinium. nium. And the war had Et bellum peragofineſan been ended without blood gufs, ſi þcſſum oþþrim' ſhed, if he could have maﬅer Pompeiu: Brunduſium. 1 ed Pompey at Brundufium. Darius, that he might re *Dzzrius, 'at redz'go Grea duce Greece under his author a'a in ſuus pon-ﬅar, COM! ity, fitted out a fleet of five paro claffi: quz'ngenti na hundred ſhips, and ſet Datis vir, praſicio que is Datz': and Artaphemes over it ; who et Artaþhcrncr 3 qui acce came to Attica, and drew out a'o ad Attica, ac deduca their troops into the plain of flux caþizz in camþur Ma Marathon, that is diﬅant rathon, is algſum ab opþi about ten miles from the city dum Athena, circiter de 'Athens eem

her" &78 AnewINTRODUCTION-ro Athens. The Athenſſians, be- cem mille þaffur. Atha ing Very much ﬅartled at this nicnſir, per-mows lzic tu alarm ſought for aſſiﬅance no multur, þcta auxilizzm where but from the Lacedze- mffquamniſi a Lacedezmo monians: But at home ten m'i: Domu: autem decm officers were choſen to com- pra-ta'- crea, qui preſum , mand the army. cxercitus.

v- -- _C H A P. xun.

Adverbs govern the ſame Caſes as the words. from which they are derived govern. Adverbs of Time, P_lace and Quantzſity, with inﬅar and crgo, govern the Genitive. Adverbs of the Comparative and Superlative Degrees govern the ſame Caſe, that their Adjectives govern. v In, ccce and lum, govern an Accuſative of the Thing, and Dative of thelPe-rſhn. i Cedd,uſed Adverbially£governs the'Accnſative. TheſeAdverbs,aliter,antc, poﬅ and ﬂaws, goVern the Ablative of the Noun, that ſigniﬁes the Quantz'ty.

EHOLD the admirable CE amor mi'rus De lOVe of God towards us erga peccator mi m'iſerable ſinners. er ! ' But, behold the! adaman-" mantzſinur Sed, en Peccator durities car! add, _ time hardneſs of ﬁnners' hearts. A 'Lo the great folly of yoixth, -£n ﬅultitzſia pgrcgz'ux that love play before learning, juvenir,'qui dilz'ga l'gſus and account him the beﬅ þrc-literz bonus, cxiﬂi; maﬅer, that giveth the often moquc ii' magiﬅcr bonur, eit leave to play. ' guijizpc conccdo venia [u

Whilfi Nflum 'at LATIN LANGUAGJL '79 Whilﬅ I, wandering about, Dum ego, erranr, þa-_ am deprived of my country, trio careo, tu, in-Zerea Io you, in the mean time, have czu, tu lacuþleto. made yourſelf rich. After this, the conſul, now Pa/Zea locur, corg/icl, unqueﬅionably conqueror, haud dubie jam victor, came to the town oſ Cirta. - þemenio in ojzþidum Cir to. The nations of the world sz'que gem num: Per are, at this time, come to that uem'o eo' impietas, ut ter paſs of wickedneſs, that the m ſum irg/Zar irgfernum, earth is like hell, and many et multu: degenero in di men haVe degenerated into abolnr; imþietas et ido devils; impiety and 'idolatr latria permano magnus have overſpread thegreate pan term ; quanquam part of the world a though ſumflztir pro ſſo, at tflf thereis enough of profeſſion, men þdrum um relz'gio. yet there is but a little of true religion. _The ﬅrength of the Athe Vires Athenian/is, tum: nians, at that time, was ſmall, tempur, ſum porvux, doffie their fleet being ſent into in Eyþtus miſſus, t Egypt What you 'are doing, or Quit-ago, out oh' ten-a! where in the world you were, ſum, nejizſpicor guiden. I could not ſo much as gueſs. He came to that height of I: vecordia precede, 'At wadneſs, that what I ſhould qui: ago, out gus gens dO, or to what art of the fugio, ngſcia. World, I ſhould y, I knew not. Where in the world are Ubinom gem- ſum .P We? Are we come to this Huccine 'es omit? ? Bone paſs? Are we come to this mz'flrio venifur P pitch of miſery i' I can find my brother no Froter nu quam gem' ſi Where:gan of the But world in he whatever may be, znvcnio : Se uoique ter roſum diligo a oonu: vir. e will be loved by goad men. I have ſeen an Engliſh maſ Video moloffusAnglicm tiff as big as an lriſh wolf, inﬅar luþus Hibernicur, and almoﬅ as fierce in his na et þoulo' mindrſerox m' ture. ' tum. ' e ' They u Non

04 ,__4_._"-_.'7__ a'Bſio A New 'INT'ſſR'ODlJCTIO'N To

They do not encompaſs sz eirzgv oppidulnm 'little towns with high Walls, manie:uffisfrequentzſifflnus; altus, ad inſtar ' after the manner of populous cities. They, that cannot conceal Qui 'um celo ' ttheir friends' ſecrets, from arc'anum aim-cus, iſle qui 'thoſe that alk them, but di-ſ rogo, ſed Wit: qui em cloſe what is committed to mijtojideslum ago zct'gideiiter juus, mnicus, nonfl their truﬅ, act not only un "faithfully to their friends, ſed incommode ſui. but hurtful to themſelves. "The air is nigher to the Air exiﬅo Proþe' term, earth than the "fire; but the qutme igm's ; ſed aquu water is placed nigheſt to the ralZoco prop? term ; qua earth ; becauſe theſe t-wo ele m'am Tzz'c duo elementum ments compoſe one body. comþono corpus unus. "Let me ſee this book; reach Cedd 'liber- ilte r cede' me alſo thy en, that I may etium pit-'ma tuus, utſcn' xwrite the in ructions, that I ba monitus ifie qui do tu ; have given thee; otherwiſe atioquin miliviſcor is,mm "thou wilt forget them, for raro remini/&ar admo thou ſeldom mmembereﬅ nitiolonus. good admonitions. ' 'That man is a notorious Illeſum mantle-r egre l'iar, who denies the ſame gius, qui nego idem hic thing this hour, which he bra, qui inflame' affirmo inſtantly affirmed a little be pautus ante' 5 ſides nullus fore; no credit is to be given flm adhibeo verbum is. to his words. Let him go to any part of Abeo quouis gem re: the world, the affair, will be ibidem locusſum : Virtus t in the ſame condition: Virtue ubique Incus invem'o any' cVery where will find'frien'ds. cus. Caeſar ſaid, that he had got Get/ſir dieoſui adiþyſi abundance of power, and car fotentia glariaquc glory, and plenty of wealth. abun e,etdiuiticqffati1u. Let him have vplenty of old Habeo vetus oinm wine, that he may drink, day largiter, ut dies naxq'e and night. þota. Too much artifice ſeems to Nimis inſidiee ad capi have been uſed for charming endus aurzs ed/zibeo wide the ears; he, that behaves or; qui recte facio habea right, will have plenty of fittis laudator- ' applauders. Will -Fione

< - ><-r-\i T* ſi' - I , TTif' "ſi'* '

'I'Lu LATlN-Z LAN'GUAGEt [81 Will he become an-excel Fia 'ne ill: egrcgt'u': ped lentpoet, who' has no courage' m, qui rmn audea expuga to-daſh the Words, that have no verbum qui parum Little beauty i' By no means;v ſplendar habca P Minim i I do not aflþwhat he ſay', gem." Non quart' qui; dice, but when he can ſay agreeably fid qui: poſiſſum dice ton-t to reaſon, vententer who." The Sulmonenſes opened \ SulmanerL/Zs partabapa the gates, and all went out to erth, et amni: abadam Am meet Antony. L toniu: exca. ' -The ground being 'covered Terra, ſlercomtus þcs with dung a foot thick, muﬅ altc, in þulvinus redigen beyou formed begſiin'mvſuw. into' beds V before _.' - _ "dur t'mzſiþio. ſun'z, anteguamſcr" '*= The Numidians poſſeſs the Numidz 'tomb catel' other parts as far as Maurita Zocus q/'quc ad Maurice nia, the Mauri-'aro'next to' niia, proprime HL/þahſh Spain. > * i ' Mauriſum; Thus ſpeaks' Neptune, and Sic air Neþtmtut', et' ſwifter than ſpeech he ſmooths didden' duus-place tumiſi the ſwelling _ſeas, diſperſes 'deſ uqaar, 'fugo collectac, the collected clouds, and anegſolquc reduce. brings Aﬅyages, back the' being day. frighted atk* \ A , _ .. Aﬅydgu, exttrritu!v this anfwer, gave his daughter rrjþoryumjrada filiw in in- marriage neither to a fam matrimonium, 'regne kid' ous man,_ nor to a citizen, but ru: vir, neqrze civir, ſea: to Cambyſes, a' mean man of Cambyſer, mediacrir m, the nation oſ the Perſians, at w: gem' Perſie, tum: tent that time obſcure. , [but obſcurur. _ ' . Cyrus, the- day following', Cyrus; aſſes þoﬅdrls, plentyforſook oſ- his wiſineſi, camp ſand ; but thoſe leſt defero caﬅ'a ; ct relimzu' afflatim oinum, ct'is, qui things that Were neceſſary neqffariur eþulum'ſum. for a feaﬅ. ' ' 'H ' He, in the preſence of Di . Ille Diomede' coram, omedon, ſaid, there-dis no inquam, ni/til oþu: ſum need of money; for iſthe king pecunia; num fi 'ax is deſire thoſe t_hi,ngs,that are ex-v void qui Theban' ſun' pedient for the Thebans, I' ath utiit'r, gratir ſhe/'a ſin' ready to 'do them'for nothing, pea-bin I num any', .,*c '*t,',t .hk{ Jiz- 1 3 NUN'M'Q" .. . ſ, / . .*_. -.-- - "va "_"'.""" wi. ' 1

139. A' 'stew-t rN T'LIMI- D 'if C'Tj Q M-&ep but, i'ſ the contrary, he-h'as v t trefies, 'sons habeo'oieffim not gold and fil-Ver enough. - atque argentumſatirx zi 'r He ordered, that the gneat-a - Volo magmu honor _ eﬅ reſpect ſhould belong, not man alive: et Parsonjcdſ to the-rich and powerful, but finex pro gradus'ctas; to old-inen, according to the, me whom-LMHB

degree-of their age; nor-indeed aiﬂztectue lowev boot-omen; has old age, any where on [rake goe-m LZZMWQ

ear-th; a more reſpectful habit --- .. '* &Sſiz - t _. , ation,-than at. Lacedemon. He 'm Urflfi 7. A. N be: _ 4., . eXLIV-ffiiiſſ. . .'ſi' ny 'A '_CH-A'P'.£ .' If, .:u Aſ; and vaſt govern the Accuſativ-e and - Kg'f ſſHeus 'ti'VCd and ofie 7 governthe Vocatilve. . 7, .,, 3_;> ,e-n Hez'Heu, and O,ct-and 'me govern pro govern the Dative. . k'*:' X szr ._,\\ the Nominutivezflwz

Leaſative, 'and quative." = * . * r . ſſl illa/57 , . - _{-*.-"_: e' V) 'fix H! the 'wickedneſs ar' Olz! empt-'ctor , theſe bloody men. ſatins his, ' * tzAvhſiL the horridi murders, Ah I hoezzzſicz'dizmz dint-5; that ſome have committed. , qui' nommllus committed; i. Alms! my folly. Alas ! my 7 'He-al! ﬅultitiq-m'euq., ignorance. O-l the diſmal Heu! ignorant-it', Wid *effe&s, duced. that unbelief ſi. has pro Pro! efflkctu: dieuxI intreduſiitas 'pent > 5 .--O.! the faith of 'gods and Pfflof Deus homage;"

m' *4-4 >'\\ i A ſidffl" ' -.-. 32..'4'2 L-LzJ: a? tzAla! the piety; Ahl the' - Alma 1; pigs-et.- xgmzx, faith of ancient time. _ _ fidesþjitwn - '1 , 1 Ahl me. Wol is me,'lcſi've ' He'i ſ egex, _FZB£'"/£Wſi Hem-able by no herbs. ' medio: emerflfflwdkefl t - * o- e 4! ſitihe, cuts/man s N-'Z =*,O'! the times; ſemflu;" '- Wde; manners. 't -, r '* -- -"-'*s':;a:=iz O) people 'worthy NNW - . iL-N'PQP-UZW; digſſesiffi empk'e'of- the world; Worthy iez'; -i7llPffli1*:m v: flWB-WF 'fi-thezfavauz of gods and Ben. A Mr den: atque home: APPEÞZDIX.

7- . ' gy: J <3jzi ﬁx 7

OmziﬁﬁniinngRPrxeAL, Exx-LANATOLYY'NOTES QLSL'RVANONS, ſſunderþ every Cum/fen.

QE- eke foregoing INTRODUCTION.. Let be rﬁhzembered, that the reſpective CHAYs **-**%-£1{S£_,'i-n 'the APPENDIX, are to be uſed to 'A . - - . . v 'Yf-explain ſhe: CHAPTLRS, mthe INTRODUCȜ- * ON, of ſame Nu'merical Figure. U: I' ' zz i i þ A:

K ,\. v w - - , \ . , \ ſſ* _ - vie H 'A P; '1. ﬁr;" . '-. . ,- 1 .. e 1 F r ſſv U 1-- wEGOſinah'd do: are the ﬁrﬅ perſon ; the zm'dþ

air,third the perſon, ſecond e-Xce'ptingſiillk, perſon;- aH other an; ronoun-squi, which are are of the09- -c_:"3fionally'_u_fed for' any perſon. All nouns d£ every Lip-11 ye of'Lhe third perſon. - ' ' . . if;" he word', that anſwers the queﬅion, who .P which P þygzgfiatl? beforethe verb is thehominaflvevcaſe, with igþi'ch 'tk _ verb muﬅ agree, in number and perſoti, 'e_ is 'On ſhe thenominatch principle to of a verb.enallage By'*e:iallage only, an adverb one' ct-þart is uſ of &Perich is'put 'fp-r another? As,_/azis vini bibitur, inaugþ is drunk. Here ſatis'is put for abundamia; and, £6fi®,'hae_.au the poet-ex of a noun. " V w 8 - 4. WHEN 184 APPENDIX. 4. When a noun of multitude ſingular containsſm gulan'ty, or mity, of idea, it mufl ever have a verb, in the ſingular number. But when it-'has pluralityofi idea, it muſt have a'plural verb. * / CHAP. II. 1. When the noun is not expreſſed, in Latin, the adjective muﬅ take ſuch caſe and- gender, as the ſup prelſednoun is ſuppoſed to have,and- with which it really agrees: Thus, Per immurtach, that is, dcos .' laborarc rete ana, that is,ſebri. 2. Adjectives. are frequently uſed as having the na. ture of nouns; and they may then have other adjec tives to agree with them in number, eaſe and gender. l 3. An adjective, connected with two nouns of) differ 'nt important genders, one: is generally As, aþþzſidum made Paflum, to agree Gracis with Ptffdrmtſſa the moﬅ appellatum. The adjective, or Participle, doesct ſomea times, however, agree with the neareﬅ and leſs im or tant noun : As 'ton omnis errorflultftiaeﬅ diccnda .* xc._ But if the principal noun be the proper name ſiofa man, or woman, the adjective or participle muflveves agree with it : As, bonur Imperator amþlzom dictux eﬅ, not dicta, Semiramis pus' effic endite eﬅ, not .ercditw__ C H A P. 111..'

1. The verbs, in the following ſentences have Been 'zalled neuter; and as ſuch, they are ſaid to govern a. 4noun,i'n the accuſative oſa cognate ſignification: Vivcre vitam, degcre vitam; gauderc gaudiym zſervire ſervitu _tem ; ire viam longam ; garri'c nugas ; þugnare pra-zlia; Prandere' luſcinas, camarc aprum. But in theſe,v and ſimilar phraſes, the Verbs are active and as ſuch gpv. ern the accuſative. ' ,,> A 2. A noun, in the aceuſat-i've, after a verb neutek, ox ſintragnſitive, is not properly governed by the verb,- but by a prepofitiqn underſtood. This is calledjgumtzſiuc jj-nfax, and the figure is callcdſynecdoche: by. which qithelf ad,,z'n,_ob, tired, fer, 01: circum axe Fqukeſſed. - ' * ' * a. Thelb

_ ur- ſi.--_.,

n4nd APPENDIX. ds! 3. ThelT: accuſative neuters, after verbs, are often governed by proþter, ob, or circa, ſuppreſſed. Hoc,zd;i quid', aliquid, quicquid, 'zi/u'l, idem, iilud, tantum, multo', poura, alia, contra, omnia,.vquantum. As, num id lach rymat Virgo P Scio quid crrcs. Quiczuid deliranſ. reges, plectuntur Achivi. * 4. According to the poetical ﬅile, an adjective is frequently put in the accuſative, neuter gender, after: verbs and participles, and they may elegantly be con ﬂrued as .aving the nature of adVerbs. As, torvumque repentedum, for clamat, tztrZ-zctde. for Hor.. tame. Two/verſe: Virg; Mens tuentihus laetatur hircisz. tureſ. for Ligazz/ixcrje : 1575. Z C' H A P. IV..

r. The ſcholar ſhould impreſs on his mind the verbs,. that come under theſe rules. They are theſe: Sum,. fio, exiﬅo, forem,appel10r,.dicor,4 nuncupor, vocor, nominor,,agnoſcor, ſalutotr, exiﬅimor, putor, invenior,. ſcribor, videor,_ naſcor, deſignor, creor, con ﬅituor, Put'or, cognoſcor, liabeor, eenſeor, ropcrior, cub0, mcedo, ſto,_e_o,.redco, maneo,_ veni0,.ſedeo, jacco, owl- do, fugio,_dormio, ſomnio,.and_ thelil;e.. a; The Word after theſe verbs, is often an adjective,-I and muſtBe put in the ſame g_cnder,caſeand numberwitlp the preceding noun ; for it does really- agree with it. Sometimes the noun is ſuppreſſcd;_ ' 3', Anyverb may have a nominative caſe after it,,when>. the word belongs to the ſame thing with the nominative beſore.it.. As, audivihocffiuer :. Cic._ Sapicns nihih f'acit inviius Cic._ ' , 4. \Vhen a' verb, that govems the dative, ſuoh- as. liat. &c. comes before the abovementioned vel-bra in the infihitivc, the caſe. after the verb iseommonly the d'ative ; but the accuſative is ſometimesv uſed. As,. expedit vohis ene- bonds 'Ten * Liccat elſe miſeros: Cic._ 5', The eaſe after. tranſitivc. Verbs,@ followed by the ihfinitive effl, is, in proſe authors, ever the accuſazive ;; but the poets,_omitting,the pronouns me, te,fi, ws, not', Ilii: the n'ominative, in imitationof. the.Greeks__ "As, qiiaretplit AjaX- eſſe Jovis þroneþos : Ovid. Uxorin.-. Mifh' Jovis eſſe neſcit., Patiens vocari Caeſar is ujtar . La: _ . Hm. as ABFENUYX Hor. Senfit medies delaþſus-in holtes: infiqadiof', &niſi-t ſi: effedclaþſum : 'Vch. but' 6. the This nominative, remark reſpects dativo not andaccuſati-ve the gem'tz've andaþlatiue: only; Fſior to ſay,- intereﬅ Ciceromſir eſſe eloquentis, is bad Latim. ought to be intercſhCo'ceronis cffe eloquentem, CHAP. v. i

As the pr0per conſh'ufition of the relative is attended with conſiderable difficulty, it may be ſuitable tobe ſomew hat prolix in our remarks. 1. If a member of a ſentence be the antecedent to I relative ; the relative muﬅ ever be in t/ze third per-fine ſingular andreuter gender. ' 2, If two or mere members'of a compound ſentenee be the antecedent to a relativgthe relative muﬅ egverz be in tlzcthz'rd perſhn plural and ncuter gcnder. 3. A pronoun primitive, not expreſſed, but underq Rood, or a poſſeffive pronoun placed before a relative, is ſometimes the antecedent to the relative; and, if 0c-.'> cafion require, may have an adjective to agree with it, as if it were 'expreſied. l 4. Two or three antece-dents ſingular muﬅ have e relative plural, and the relative muﬅ be ofthe ſame gender and perſon, with that noun, which is the moſi Worthy. And let it be carefully noted, that the firſk perſon is more worthy than the ſecond ; the. ſecond, more worthy than the third : Alſo that the maſculine gender is more worthy than the feminine ;- and the feminine more worthy than the neuter; but if all the antecedent nouns are expreſſive of thing's deﬅitute OF; life, whoſe genders, in Latin, are different, then the neuter gender is eﬅeemed moﬅ worthy. 5. luterrogatives and indefinites follow the rules of thethe Verb,relative. then If they a nominative are governed come by between the verb them or ſomeſi and Word in the ſentence; but if no nominative intervene betWeen them and the verb, then they are the homina uve. - _6. The anteeedent may eaſily be found by aſking the queﬅion,w}w 2- which 2 what .2_ . - *

, a APP'ENDKYX. 37, If wkoſh-be the Engliſh of- the relative," then the Latin relative muﬅ be-putin the genitive, either ſmgu-x lar or plural, aſſoccaſion may require. 8'. The- antecedent is generally, ſome ſubſtaritive noun, either expreſſed or- underﬅood,which goes before the relative, and is ſometimes repeated with the relative and ever underſtood with it, as the word with which it does properly agree. As, cave voluþmtcm, quae eﬅ: peﬅis; that is quae voluþtas eﬅ peﬅis; And again, erant omnino itz'nr_m duo, guides. itinerilzus. domo exire poſſent, :. CLS. -. 9. The anteced'ent. is ſometimes ſuppreſſed, in its proper place, and expreſſed *with the relative. As, populo ut placerent qual' ſeciſſet fabulas; ſorſalmlm guasfabulns :* TE R. .S.ub g-ua nunc recubas arbore, Virga fuit, for arbor, ſfzh qui; 'ay-bare ZſiOVlD., Urbtm quant ﬂatno, veſtra eﬅ : for urbs, quam urbem, : Vmc-._ 120. The perſon oſxthe relative is ever the ſame with that of the antecedent; as, ego, qui doce'oj tu, qui difcisv; lectio, quae: doceturjzſaxum, quod frangitur, The reaſon is this: The antecedent, which is ſuppoſed do he repeated along with the relative, is properly: thetruenpminativ'e to the venth. As, ego, quiego de-. ceo, ſi 131. &ea When the _ relative-is _ ,, placed' betweentwo > J nouns oſ- diﬀerent genders, it does ſometimes, though rarely, agree with-the-laﬅ., As, animal quem vocamus homz. inem :, ClC. 1 ' ' gendcr- 12. The of its relative antecedent, ſometimes, takes theſigenderinﬅead' of oftaking ſome the; ſy-. nonymous word underﬅoo,d,,- As, earum rerum, quae. þſima mortales dieimt: SA.LL., Neaotia, is the ſynony-x mous worde ' v eH- A P. Vl'. 4 1. A ſingular' nominatiVe, if followed, by. anotherſi nour: .in..the ablati-ve, governed. by cum, may have a, verb, adjective, or participle, in the plural, to agree with it,_as, Quirinus, cum fratre, jura dabunt : Vixo. Juba, cum LabiEno, caþti in poteﬅatem Caeſaris vencrunt. Cadmus, cum uxore, in dracones ſum' canonſ. Sen tences of this deſcription, convey plurality of idza ; . an

4. m APP'END'TX. and, hence, plural verbs, adjective: and participles are elegantly connected with a ſingular nomlnative. 2. The conjunction between the nominatives, is oF ten ſuppreſſed. As, dum what', metur, magzſiﬅerprohibe bant. A ſuppreſſion of conjunctions is elegantly uſed , eſpecially in ſentences, that convey a rapid ſucceſſion. of ideas. As, vent', oia'i, vici .- CALs-AR. 3. The verb, or adjective, neglecting the 'general rule, does frequently agree with the neareﬅ nomina tive. --As, et ego et Cicero- meu's ﬂagitaoat. Mare m brum et totus orientis oceanus rgertus eﬅſylvis : Pus; Sociis et rege recepto .*- Vi RG. mnia tuta vides, elall. ſcm ſocioſcluewecePto: :, Via 0.. CHAR WL

it. When a verb, in the infinitive, or a. member of'a: fontence, is the nominative caſe to another Verb, the, [utter verb muſt ever be in the thirdperſon ſingular, But, 2. If two, or- more inflnitives, or members of- ſen tences are uſed, the latter muﬅ be in the, thind perſon. plural', _ _ v 3. As verbs, in the infinitivemode are Conſidered: as having thenature of ſubﬅantive nouns, ſo there-is no impropriety in uſing, them asagent-smr;nominatives, to other verbs. 4. As Verbs in theinfinitive and membersof ſentenm ces are ever expreſſive of things, and are uſed as hav-ſi i'ng the nature of' antecedents, ſo the adjea-ives, partL ciples, and. relatives,_that. follow them, muﬅ be put. i'n-the neuter gender, either ſingular or. pluralas oeea< Son may require. ' - CHAP.WſſaMſſX ſi The. rules in theſe chapters are ſoplain, that theyv necd'no remarks.. CHAP.. Auredrrnex. as,

1. When two verbs, in Engliſh come together, and; nothing but. a, nomihatiae ag/c comes between them, the, interveninghorizinative may be put in Latin into the eccuſative, and the Verb, which in Engliſh, is in the bidded-ting, 2-. Thect-plaineﬅ _may be iput method into to the find infinitive, this accqſativc, in Latin. is t' aſk, the queﬅion who .? which .9 what ? after a declara tivc ſentence. As, a. man, who affirmed', that he wait wounded. The noun, or pronoun, that anſwers the queﬅion, mufl be put into the accuſativc cq/e ,; and the verb, into the infinitive. In the preceding ſentence, the queﬅion is, What um: affirmed .? The anſwer is, (hue hc war wounded. Hence, in Latin, the pronoun muſi'; be in the accuſativc, and the verb, in the infinitive : ſi vulnerari, that he wax. wounded, - 3. This accuſative is ſaid to govern the infinitive modezſiand it is alſo ſaid to be ahſolute ; becauſe ther' is no word, that gOVerns it in the accuſative. Q. Whenquod, or ut, precede ſentences of this con flruction, the noun, or pronoun, muﬅ be in the nomina tivethe caſe; nyrſinphct and complſſained, the verb, in that the conjunctive her arms were mode. become As, longiuerint boughs: loctngi rami. Nymph-a delebat, quod ſua , bnachia fact: ' 5, The accuſacive pronouns, me, te,ﬅ, itZu-m, and th' infinitivesgffli and'ſuſſ are often 'underﬅood : As, but h' denied, that'hc was able to return z ſed reddere paſſ' ncgahat. Vmc. vHergfl is underſtoodz' I knew, that the army was flain : exercitum czeſum cognQvi a th. Herefiuſſz is_ underﬅood. ' 6. The governing word is ſometimes underﬅood. As,flOOd. mene In inceþto theſe dcſiﬅerc phraſes, P videre Vikc. eﬅ, Here, ahzſimadvertcre dzcet is undereﬅ, re-x Perirc eﬅ, we may ſuppoſe, that facultas, coþia, opportunity tas3 Poteﬅas, &a. age underſtood, which govern the in finuive mode-t ' 1 ' 19' APPENDIXe - C HA P., xr. a. r. The Latin noun to be put in the genitive is the one, that anſwers to the Engliſh noun following the prepoſition gf, or which is thus apoﬅrophized---Pcter':, man's,ſoldicr's. ' . ' ' 2. Two nouns, in Engliſh are often put together without-having the repoſition iſ, or the articles a'and the, between them ; in' this caſe, the Latinnoun, that anſwers to theſormcr Engliſh noun, muﬅ'be put in the genitive caſe. As, chamber door, oﬅium cubicuct. "' 3. The latter noun may be often rendered more ele; gantly by uſing a poſſeſſive adjective,'in Latin, than a noun in the genitive. in this inﬅance, the pofleffive adjective muﬅ agree, in gender, caſe and number, with the former noun. As, this cup of gold; poculum hoc aureum. 4. To change the prepoſition gſ, that comes between two nouns, into the prepoſition' to, is often' elegant ; when this happens, you may put the Iatter of two 'nouns, in the dative, As, God is a father to theſe that love him ; he is a protector to the righteous, that fear him. Deus eﬅ paterillis, qui amant ill-um ; protector eﬅ þiis, qui tim'ent ipſum. ' ' * 5. After the genitive pronou-ns, fizzjus, efflux, iIZZuJ, cu jus, underﬅood, &e. Engliſhed in Latin, Jzz'r, hominiſ,hers, its, lzomzſirtum, their, &e. or is ſome generally other noun, with which they agree. As, liber gjui, liber ea rum ; that is, hominiſ, hamz'mzm. b. When the latter noun is put in the genitive, or ahlative, by being connefted with an adjective of praiſe, or di'ſp'raiſe, it often happens, that the former noun in underﬅood; As, Di me puſilli finxerunt animi: Hox. Underﬅand virum. ® 7. The latter noun muﬅ ever ſignify ſomecproperty, or part of the firﬅ, otherwiſe when connects with an adjective of praiſe, it is not put in the genitive, or ahla tive, in virtue of this connexion. Ex'clud'e, therefore, from this rule the following and ſimilar phraſes : pul thra proſe parentum; rex gelzde one ,.* gah'nxſih'u: albe: .: Pater afflimorum libcrorum. _ 8. The _ '1

ﬁ A'PPENDIX. 19'; 8. The adjective-oſpraiſe, or diſpraiſe, is freqilemly joined ; in number, caſe and gender, 'with the former noun. When this happens, the latter noun is ever in 'he abln'tive, and governed by ſome wordunderﬅood ; * 41 ſuch as, _cum, de, in, a, ab, em, exiﬅcns, natw, preditw, aſſctus, or the like. As,=H0rtenﬁus excellens ingenio, nobilitate, exiﬅimatione. Vir gravitate, et prudentia praeﬅans : C1c.* An'tonius pedibus ager. And the latter noun appears to be governed by' ſome word un derﬅood, even'when' the adjective agrees with it. As, Hona antigua virtue. Homo inſirmu valetudinc.

. v ' ' ' L 'N C H A P. xn. 1. The nouns, compounded of con, originally cum,v and governing a dative, are ſuch as the following: Colloquiqm, colluctatia, colluſor, cacitzu, comes, commilcs, cmmz'litio, 2. When competz'or, the force comþoſitio, of the prepoſitioncangcrro. falls on theſi I caſual Word, it muﬅ ever be in the dative ; as in this ſentence: lNe in eolluctatione alter, altcri noceatur z, leﬅer man. one man ſhould be hurt in w reﬅling with ſi anotlzz .

C H l A 'PQ ſſXIlI.

- Aſi\ . generally 1. Neuter ſuch adjectives, as ſignify governing quantity, which the genitive, are Multum, are ſſ ﬂux, Plurtctmum, tantum, quantum, minu:,-mini1'zum, id, q'uid,h0c, aliquid, argued, quidquam, ſnmmum, extrcmum, vltijnum,many plural dimidtum,medmm. adjectives, in To the theic neſſuter you gender: may add-vAs, Ahguﬅa viarum, apaca laparum, tellun'; aþcrta .* VIRCLL. Amara curarum, cuncta r terrarum, acuta belle' .* Hon. Iucerta fortune', antiqua fwdcrum, extrema þericularum .-. Iſixv; Occultaſaltuum, 'z'nmzia- ſum-ar, amama Aſia : TAC. Profunda camþorum, þrzrupla collium, ardua montium : Jusr. And it frequently happens, that other heuter adjectives beſides thoſe mentioned, have atnoun in the genitive : As, a! &ch/LCTU, ſuþ qþſcurﬂm noflis, lubri cumrjuumta. ' I. The i I;"'_ _""i"'

'52 Atrreunlxwx 2. The nouns in thegenitive, after neute'r adjectivd, are, in the opinion of the beﬅ grammarims, really gov erned by ſome nouns underﬅood. And they mention o t Fhe following,-mgoti-um, temples, Mu,ſþatium, &c. A', tantum tellnrzs, ſo much of. land ; you may. here under ﬅand jþatium, ſo much jþacc of_ land. _ v 3. Participials in ax are Words derived from ve-rbs': As, cdax from zdu ; caþax from caþia ; ſugax from fu gio ; tenax from teneo. . - -.. t 4. Participials, in ans, en: and us, are participles, that are uſed in- the nature of adjectives. ' 'And it ſhould be critically noted, that the participial and par ticiple, though the. word (reap-ently the ſame, yet differ in ſignificatitm' and'grammatital conﬅruction. The participle denotcsa ſingle act done at a certain particulartime; but time,the'þartirzlþitd' denotes mbzſit Without merely being 'thus,*5i6'enr "mited to viiium any 'denotes a perſon, who is now in 'the act of drinking wine : But hibem-cz'ni dennte's a perſon, that is much' accuﬅomed to the drinking of whet. Andl 'thus doctus philtſſzþhiairi means a perſon, that has- bern-taught þhzhſbt ph) ; although he may now have forgotten it, 'or never finderﬅood it : But "doflur-þhihflþiw means a Per-ſon, that truly underﬅands þhilqſhſihy. v "ſſ

following 5. Of the ſometimes adjectives ,take_,ſi_ governing dative a gcnitive : As, caſe, zemulux, the certus, incertus, dubius, am iguus,- conſcius, manviſcſ tus, ſuſpethus, noxius, compertus, adverſus, xtju'alis, affinis, alienus, blandus, communis, contrariusr 'credu Lus, diſpar, diſſimilis, fidua, finitimus, par, propiusy ſimilis, ſuperﬅes. . i. . r A __ , Many of. the adjefilives governing a ge'nitive. fre quently admit of a noun in the ablative, with a prepo mign_. As, ds alicno neglig'ens; av'idus' inþccum'is; certior factns de re ; ſecurus a'e bello .: nutla in 're rudi-s; dcctus Latini; in litnz': ; ſuſpecta ihcefiu; reus de 053. reus magnzs an cmmmous. 7. The ſentence, in which a noun' follows an ad jective in the genitive, is, perhaPs elliptieal ; for the genitifl'e noun, in moﬅ inﬅances, mayhe governed, by 'in re, in. negotio, in. cazzſafand the like'underﬅood. As, reusflz'ſe majeﬅatis; guilty', oil-'high traiſen t Supp-ly .* - m 0 APPENDIX. 193 'in re, and it is now guilty in the gfflair qf offending his Majeﬅy- _ 7 - '

>C H -'A -P.- XXV. V'

_ i. Any word that ſigniﬁes-a part of a Iwhoie num." ber, is called a partitive, whether the word he ,_a noun, pronoun, or_.ad_jectizie. Thus, in this, ſentence, _ncmo hominum immortalis eﬅ, none of men' is immortal, the word nemo is a Parﬁtivc. The following words are often uſed as partitivc: ; ullus, nullus, ſolus, uter; uter que,utercumque,utervis, uterlibct, alter, alteruter,neu ter,uniuſquiſ alius, aliquis, ue, aliquot, quidam,quiſpiam,:quiſquis, cectetera, reliquus, and ſometimes quiſquc, omnis an cunctus. 2. Adject'ives, that are uſed iniapaztitive ſenſe, or .meaning any paineſ a whole, are words', that are ſaiden be uſed partitivdy. Thus palm' veteranorum; lect'i juven um, '2er lanarwm, dage/tares canum, ſandi deorum, ,a"e.idjc&iVes uſed part-itiv-ely. 3. Camþaran'ves are adje&iVes-of the eomparatiue de; .gree;.and ſuþarlativu are adjectives of the ſuperlative d as. ree. Interrogatiun are thoſe adjectives, or pronouns,

bynumerate which theſe We aſk 3 quit, queﬅions quiſnam, ; among qugſiſuv, utcr, which quat, we quotus, guatzg/quiſizue. - ct 5. Adjcctives of number, ſuch as Primus, ficundur, tcrtius, and ſuperlative: denoting Proximity generally take a dative caſe after them: But if they are followed, in Engliſh, by after, or from, they take the ablative, with the prepoſition 11, or ab. As, proximus a Pomþeio ſede bam ; 1 ſat next to, or after Pompey : ClC. Proximus a poﬅremo ; the laſtjavc one : Cxc. A ſuþerz': hic mihi eprimus erit: Ovm. * 6. The comparativc degree refers to two only." Thus, in ſpeaking oſ two horſes, we ſay, hie major equorum. But in ſpeaking of three or more horſes, we ſay, hie maxi-mu: equorum. ' _ -, - - 7. The conﬅruction after zþartztives, &e. is ſoune times varied by uſing intcr, ante, and, the acguſatwe, or by eſiflig de, e, ex, in, and the ablatiue. As, (Cut-1 us ' 194 APPENDIX. ſus z'ntcr rrgc: opulentiffimus: va. Unus e Stoicir; acerrimus ex ammbu: mſſrisflnfibu: eﬅ ſenſus videndi. When the gcm'tive comes after þartitivcs, Be. the ſen tence is elliptical ', for the caſe appears to be governed by a noun underﬅood. As, nnu's ex nuTjudicum ; or unusjudex judicum. That. the ſenten is elfiptjcal is manifeﬅ _: Becauſe the above mode of conflructmn is *often uſed by the beﬅ claſſic writers. As, quorum de numcra prazﬅantes Virtute legit ': Vrnc. Quaadam de 'humero laniarum : va. Unus t numcro Perſarut' 2 'MAX'. numcro adverſariorum ſexcemis interfectis t ' Cuts', ' ' -

C H A'P. XV.

2. Among adjectives governing the dative, We may reckon thoſe of PR-orm- or nrspkon'r, ſuch as, benig. * nus, bonus, utilis, commodus, felix, ſauﬅus, fructuoſus, proſper, ſaluber, inutilis, calamitoſus, damnoſus, di rus, exotioſus, funeﬅus, incommodus, malus, noxius, .perniei0ſus, peitifer. Of PLEAsunz or PAlN, acceptus, dulcis, gratus, jucundus, gratioſus, laatus, ſuavis, aeer. bus, amarus, inſuavis, injucundus, ingratus, moleﬅis, triﬅis. Of LOVE or runnen, addictus, aequus, amicus, benevolus, blandus, carus, ded-itus, fidus, fidelis, len-is, adehzþtiun, advantage, di/qdvantage, or dſſinatian, that admit to or for after themJ'govei-n the following noun in the dative caſe. A'mbng which wewmay rcckonz obnoxius, ſub jc&us,*ſupplex, ſuperﬅes, proprius, credulus, abſurdus, decoruszdeſormi's, precﬅo, ſecundus, apertus, certus,* ' compertus, conſpicuus, manifeﬅus, notus, perſpicuus, ambiguus, dubius,.ignotus, incertus, obſcurus. 6. The adjectives, that generally admit the accuſa tive with ad, are the following ;-a'ccommodatt',is, appoſ itus,portunus,ſſ aptus, utilis, Congruus, ineptus, commodus, inhabilis, he-bilis, proclivis,. ido'neus, pronus, op propenſus, paratus, inutilis; celer, tardus, velox, piger, impiger, ientus, pracceps, rapidus, ſegnis, declivis,. in clinabilis, promptus, proſugus. And it often happens, that th: accuſaiiuc, following theſe adjcaives, is pre ceded by the prepoſition in. * 7. And many adjeflives, denoting theaffections of love, hatred, or ſome other 'animal paſſion, admit after them the accuſative caſe, with the prepoſztions in, crga, adverſu: : As, amicus, gnimatus, beneflcus, benevolus, benignus, pins, gratus, miſericors, liberalis, acerbus, ſev'erus; ſavus,v crudelis, iniquus, injurioſus, inſen

ſus, &e. ' , a4 8. Of the adjectives governing the dative, w-e find, that the following often admit the genitive; and then they come under the fiofl rule, in CHAP. XIII. Such are, zmuſhs, certus, incertus, dubius, ambiguus, conſcius, manifeﬅus, ſuſpectus, noxius, compcrtus, adVCrſus, a: qualis, affinis, alienusþcommunis, immunis, blandus, conterminus, contrarius, crcdulus, diſpar, ſimilis,diſſi_m ilis, fidus, finitimus, par, propritis, ſuperﬅes, ſocius, mumcus, VlClnuS. 9. lt may be here noted, that the ſame adjective cider) governs both a genitive and dative, in the ſame fen; tence: As, menz fibi conſcia-recti : Ten. . _ 10. Participial adjecti'ves, in bilix and dux, though, they generally have. a. dativeA yet they ſometimes Umiz . ' _ . _ , e ..'ſi - j 195 1 A-P-PE-N n-t-x. thenendum ablative-whh a mt: Cze. the an prepoſrtion e'os vener-andſibs o, orcb. a nobis. As, admo Jbtſi'd. 1 2. A remark, thafwas omitted in its proper place, may fitly' be added herd : The fatter of two nouns, neither of which im 'lying property, may be'v elegantly p'ut in the dativc; w en preceded by the propoſition to, orfor, in Engliſh 1v As, ſignum nautis ; Vznc. a fig nal to the run-inch. Non ſtamin-Haut, fed virtuzz'bus hoﬅis; not an enemy to man, but to the virtues: Cxc. Lupus ell homo Mmini; man is a wolf to man : PLAU'X' C H' A', P. XVIJ

2. Of the adjefkives, that' come under this rule, we' may reckon the following 2 As, altus, crafl'us, denſus, latus, longus, profundus. . 2. Nouns of meaſure are theſe, digitus,-palmus,. ye', cubitus, ulna, paſſus, Radium, milliare. 3. ln denoting the meaſure of exceſs, the following z'qnamo,ablatives m-uha, are moﬅly paulo, uſed: mcthilo.- Tamta, And quence, in this gun, ſenſe so, they hoc, areab' frequently joined with adjectives in the comparative and ſuperlative degrees, and with verbs expreffmg com pariſon; 1- . 4.' The noun, that is governed in the aceufative,.is big,generally deep, high, placed, long, in broad, Engliſh, thz'ck, before diſh-ent. theſe adjective; ct _ þ. -, 5. The genitives are ſometimes found after adjjefti'es of the above deſcription. They are however, not prop erly governed by the-ſe adjective', but by. ſome of theſe following nouns hnderflood ;v Song'twdt'ne, htitudine, chi-incline. þ ,d, 2 C H A ,Pct._: XVH.

" The' government o'k' theſe accuſati-ves' is property fig Urative' ſyntax, and isjn imitation' of the Grecian lan> guage: For thefe accuſatives a're , really governed by the following prepofitiono underſltood; and, pardon, ad, per', out, o'b, proþterkguwd, orfficzndm

CHAP. .__.-w-*- *-\"* r APFETNDAIX.,. He? N C H A P. XVI-i-r. J' > t. An adjective, inſſ the poſitive ﬅate, connected with. the adverb magis,ſidoes often govern 'a noun in the abla live. As, O_ lace magis dilecta ſorori : Vnto: 2. After flux, ampliru, minus, the conjunction qflam may be elegently omitted. As, noctem non ampliiis unam; VlRG. _ ' lative 3. Words of compariſon, in the eompara'tive do naturally degree, take beſides after She ſithetn afi the caſewhichzt-he-poſitive is known to govern; As, Nihil eﬅ dignius mggno viro placahilitate :, 'SENECA,* 4. It is ſuppoſed by many graimrnarian's, that the noun in the ablat-ive aftbr- the obmparative degree, is no't' _ governed by the adjectiveþut by the prepolition þrz,un'.-' derﬅood; which is ſometimes expreſſed. HAS,v unus. In: cateris fortior. enſurgit = Apu. L-. A ,

C H-A P. XIX.. *" * r-L, Some of' the 21; v"tives, inſi the fﬁrﬅ rule, often] nus,governthe aparum.v genitive. Carmina_ .7\,s,,proles. Di'gna Dear. digna Extorris DHZm. Indig- regn£;.. Nec j_a_m liberlatz's contentos.. - A' . , ciples, 2. The is;_in ablati've realityh caſe, governed afterztheſe. byilſſſiiach ad'ectives prepoſitions andpartiy as. the ſOIlowingpunderﬅſſood; a, ab,, ctimſin, -e,. ex, der. This i's evident :,For' theb'eﬅz writers do. often' uſe the: ablativþe with the propoſitions cctxpreſſed.. Asheqrv quo

generatum'omnia heee "accipimusnata'r, Cm." :' Cle: Amartc Fterrdct populumþ ſum cuncta Romanum ere-'5 aſſta: LUCR. 'þlhdigniſſimi ctexvrplcſibeis 'candidatiz Livz.

gam'aExtorris : 'L'1v. ab' jȝatria Servi ſhlof _a-. domimctsi Lrv., Hannibelrprofugix. Firm. profugus m ' 3; And when theſe adjectives and pgrticiples take z genitive, astbey often do, the 'genitivemay beggvernn e'd'b'yCtmtentds; ſome cquorumſi:noun underﬅood; Ho 11.;" iL'm-usz As captusazzimi oþum TACHB TACL 1411 her Zactlzdrumti- Holſir ' "ſi" ' p' ct '- ' ."' 3.. 2; -- 43. Tha -\-_198 APPENDJX. 4. The participial oriundus comes under the ﬂemed: remarkp As, Ab Uly e Deaguc Circe oriundus L Lw. Cat-eﬅ;" ſumus omnes ſminc orihndi: lime-8.. 7

CHAP. xxþt

1. Under this rule may he comprehended; adjectives. of privation, which are theſe; call-us, expers, exſors,. diſſors, exul, extorris, exhaeres, immunisſirritus, mutil us, nudus, orbus, truneus, viduus. þartieifflativn ;, as, conſors, pa-rticeps. Oſþawer and imPotence ;' as, com. pos, pollens, potens, impos, impotens, liber, ſolutus, imparatus, infikmusz. arcus, purus. - 2. Adjectives qſ my are the following ;< copioſus, dives, ferax, fertilis, ſcecundos, faitus, feugifer, fre Puens, abundans, beams, gravis, gravidus, immodieu', argas, prml'argusTſatur, loauples, maſhis, nimius, au eratus, opulentus, onuﬅus, plenus, refertus,. diEcrmg tentus, tumidus, diﬅentus, uber, turgidus. 3. Adjectives tffwant, that come under this rule are, egenus, indigus, inops, jejunns, inanis, modieus,.gau per, ſierilis, tenuis, vacuus. * A figurative ſyntax is common to the-Latinz. nwell': As Grecian language, ſo we 'ty conclude, that the zenitivecaſe after the Adjgffives is propedy governed; By re, Mgvtt'a', or ſome general words underﬅood: And the ablative caſe after theſe adjectiives may be governed: by theprepoſitions in, a, ab, or ex, underſtood. A For, when, the ablative caſe is uſed-I affer- any of cheſ-'e adj'efiives, we find, that the beﬅ claffic writers bften uſe ſome' one of t'heſ'e prepoſrtions. Of this thev ſole !owing a'readdu'ced'as examples :. Frequentior is' iflo q/L . fcio eſſe cle-beats; Cro. Haec'ſe a Ptimphilb gravidanr . PA'nt'te.dixit eſſe : Cadus T'n't. aſummqglſienus Immodicds in aþþeteizdis : PLAUT. honoribm; .Libe.r. a delictis: Qvurcr. ' , Inqffe z'bus- poten-tiffimus: O'Vlm Immunis ab aH'it-n': : th. MEO ſu'm pauper in are i Hot. I'mip's abamkis: Cie. , . ſative * 5. Many with apxepofitionof the 'above adjective:: ſiAs,.ſi et-iam o'ften dives take in the-acute flame _r Puu. &St-'fertilis tri Warueeluceu. ' Haec poren; ' ' ' _' A dþud' A' APPINDIX. - w 'find to: eﬅ graviffima : Cas. Largiffimus ſuit in mni sos : Heal In re: bdh'cm potent t Liv. Herbs porons. ad oþcm .-. Ovm. - - e H A 9., xxrr.

1. The noun, In the genitive, aftcrfim, is not, ſtrict ky ſpeaking, governed by the verb 3 but is the latter of 'Wo nauns, of which qffi-(i-um, munm, opW, negotium, ny, prop-tum,is thefam. or ſome other noun to be known by the ſenſe, 'ſſ ' A like conﬅruction prevails in the Engliſh len' u® e. Thus Weſay, this is Poþ't'ſif; this is Addffm'x ,- St. (1qu _; smzqomu; my-sm'wu; nyfatltn's. The'ſele'IKpteffio'tm are' evidently e'l-liptical ; a noun of ffaþzrtyor piſſ-flow, is underſtood. v ' _ . lb Latin, as in En-gliffi, the neun is often' expreſſed; as, principium meum eft rcſrﬅere levitati muhitudinis; C'e. The Fit-'ceeding noun' may, ſometimesſhe' elegantly repeated, in idea. As, hic equus eﬅ (equuq patris. 2. Theſe neute'r' pwuouns', med-m, iuun,ficum,,mſſrum,. wﬅrum, and þoffiffve adjective', are uſed in the nomina tive caſe, when connected with the verb-ſum, and zfig niſying part, duty, Proþefly, or Paffi'fflan; And theſe neuternouns, pronounsmet', tui,ſiuſi, are noﬅri, uſed veﬅri. in ﬅead v of the' primitive pro-1 , 3.v Poſſeffive adjective: are ſuch as theſe : Romamu, Italian, Gallicm, Gummi-amzflngfiaw, build-am', walnut, Lumimus, ragſ-e, &c. A. Vertueſ dimming and' vauntingv are theſe' ; caﬅi m, exiflinw, duce, fact'o, habca. pendo, puta, saw ; and fometimesſum andſim But' they do not take-the accus ſative, with the genitive. 5, The genitive after verbs ofeﬅeeming and val'uing mximi,are, magni, minz'mi; parvi, þhctimi, m'hih', affix, tanti, Wi,florczſi, quanti, lþlu'it, pill', teruncz'i,minorit, lnfjus, þenſi. ,- _ ' - . 6. iAſter'he 'eft affirm, the word taſ-"value isſotne. times 'put in the a'lflatiVe. 'And this word may he' ei tiher Magna, þcmdgnq, þma, niſiilo', abuni/i-iſo. As, qui' Hmffiſh-cflimflndum': Oxc. , ' ' win-'When too APPENDIX.. ' 7. When the word of, value is put in the genitivej thereis ſome noun underﬅood, with which the adjecu tive properly agrees : Which may occaſionally be ei ther, fareth', aris, þonderis, mamcnti, or the-like. And the ſentence may be thus reſolved,v As, pii habent ho norem Dei, eﬅ? remmagni moment;" : The piousveﬅeem , the honour of God to be a thing of great importance. ,8._thordor, wminiſco-r, oblivg'ſcgr,and mmint" ſome :times take the accuſative. As, operae pretium eﬅ dili gentiam majorum recordari : Clc. When memz'm' and 'rerordar ſignify to make mention, they often take' the vahlative with de. As, de quibus multi memineru'nt : Cro. t 9, The Latin writers, in uſing a genitive after verbs,. that ſignify a ſtrong, affection of 'mind-, have imitated the idiom 'of the Grecian language. In examples, that come under this rule we may ſuppoſe, that gaudia, anxietatc,dolore, cruciatu, catu, in the ablative; or ſome word, in the accuſative, correſponding with the verb, _ are underﬅood. As, regnavit (in catu) populorum.;£ Miſerere (mg/crza) civium ; diſcrucior (dolore) animi.

-.'\- C H A'P. XXIILv r r. Farm,.andſuþþcdita, when uſed' in a neuter ſenſe, come under this rule. 'As, inzhoc campo facile ſupx peditat oratori apparatus: Cxc. Ne qua forent Pcdibm'. veﬅigia rectis: ylkc. ' 7 ' - ' 2. Under, the rule of two 'datiues may be parſedſ'the following phraſes of nam-ing :* As, Ptolomaeus, cui vcognornento Philopatri- ſuit; Josr. Exﬅ mihi nomen Joannia 'Aſcanius, cui cognomen Iulo additur: V1.Ro., ' 3. [inﬅead- of the dative of the thing, the nominative is ſmetimes uſed-t- As, idem amor cxitium peeori eſi-ſi > pecoriſqne magiﬅro: VLRL', _ * 1 'C' H A. 11, 'X'xwzr I '

r. Verbs, compounded with þrq;.l&'o,.'ofken admit: (other conﬅructionszz For they oftenitakeafterlhem Jthe aecuſative caſe, with-,_0r without the propoſition ads. As, anteire omnes gloriaj: _SA151.._.ſſ Aceedere znhopﬃdums Ctgzz Acchcre domus iqfcrna: .*. Vnto, '- s.- Te' AP'PEND-IX. wi I. To is not to be conſidered as the ſign 'of the dative after verb' of calling, imiting, exhorting, belonging, or that expreſs motion, readineſs, or lenient), The caſe' after verbs of this deſeription is generally the aeeu ſarive, which is preceded by ad, orin. But thepom ſometimes' uſe the dative after verbs 'of matiou. ' CHAP. xxv. I

I. After many verbsoſþttaſing, hurting, uſen-ding, nſiﬅing, helping, the accuſative is to be uſed', rather than the dative: Among which verbs, we may reckon dckcta, ſade, qffendo,juvo, adjuvd, oþþugno. ' 2. The datiVe, or accuſative, is uſed indifferently by the beﬅ writers, after tempeſt' and moderor. - After rgfcro,_/Zribo, and mitto we muſt ever uſe the dative, oraccuſative with ad. As mitto tibi, or ad te. The Verb, do, when uſed in reſerence to ſending a letter, muﬅ haVe the melt/'ative with ad. 3. Of thoſe verbs, that come under the general rule, many, it is evident, admit other conﬅructions. As, parcere pecuniam: PLAUT. Auſcultare aſiquem: Deſpe rare rempubh'cdm : ClC. Dono,impertio, Wcrgo and in ficmo, may haVe either a dative of the perſon and accu; ſativc of the thing, or an accuſative of the perſon and 'Natiue of the thing. ' 4. The Verbs, ſido, tokſido, in'm'to", cede, flaw, one-a take the ablative, inﬅead of the dative caſe. As fiadere luscurſu incolumitate'ejus : Ovm. Affiniute-alicujus ſii'rinit'itur: Tllc. confidere Cedese 2 vita': Cuts. Cic. Sa

C H A p. Xxvrſi 1. To this rule of verbs gOVerning the dati've'wſſitli the accuſative, may be reduced all kind of active Verbs, which, together with the thing done, admit after them the pnſhn, or thing, to, or for, whom, or which the thing is done. 2. After Verbs of camffiar'ing, ſuch as compare', cava-o, 'omen-I, &e. inſtead of the dative, the ablativ: is fre quently) "2 APPENDIX., ' quently uſed, being governed by the prepoſition tun. As, Ut hominem cum hominc comparetis: ClC. Con fertc hanc pacem Cum illa belle .- CIC. 7 , 3. Verb' oſ afling,_/þeaking to, ceaſing, expecting, deliv wingſrm, receiving and taking away, often take after them the ablative caſe with the propoſition; a, ab, den, ex. As, Eripite nos ex mi criix. ClC. De magnis diuit ii; ſi quid demas : PLAUT. The ablative is ſometimes uſed, when the prepoſitien is ſuþprcſſed. As vagina eripit enſem bulmineum : leG. 4. The aeeuſative of the thing may be, and often is, elegantly laudem, þccuniam, ſuppreſſed. &c. Ae, detrahere ſſ alicui, that is, 5. Undethis rule of file accufiztiue cffthc thing andſi datinezffthcþajon, may be compzehcnded verbs that are compounded of ad, in, oh, jangſub, and many other verbs, that have not been reduced, by grammarians to diﬅinct claſſes,

C H A P. XXVII.

I Theſeverhshortar, invite, voce, provoſt', 'anima,ﬂz'mulo, tonſormo, laceſſb, inﬅigo, inato, zg'czſivo, allirio,11ellicio, m clz'no, canjuro,jungo,ſugio, vergo, conduca, mitto, tramfera, 'heand prepoſition ma'ny others, ad, may or in, elegantly inﬂead have of the the dative, accuſati'ae with' ſſ

' U\ ' C H A P. XXVIII.' '*

1. Carpo, corripio, ealumnior, criminor, culpo, pu nio,a genitive reprehendo, of vthe Puſ/int,- taxo, trad'u'co and accuſative and' vitupero, of the crime govern or thimr. - - ' 2? Aiczſſz, incuſh, and infimulo do often take two ac cuſative caſes. As, mulla queſc incuſat : Vmc. Quid me incuſas? Clitipho : Tzn. * 3. Verbs of admoniſhing and warning do ſometimes, takethe genitctive the ablative of the with thing. the As, prepofition De quo vos de, inﬅeadaulo 'ame of admonui : ClC. And according to the moK'approved authors, v'erbs of this deſcription may have the thing or * i ' r Crime; \' ,APPENDIX._ *203 . - \ .--. him, of which one is admoniſhed, in the accuſative, or genitive, or in the ablative with de. As, to: hoc moneo; L'c. 4. Verbs of acquitting, condemnz'ng and acruſing, may have the ablativc of the thing, or crime, with the prep oſition de, expreſſed, or underﬅood. As, plurimos caþzte damnavitConſulem : ſuſþtſictſiofit Eu r. Condemnabo abſolvere : te Liv. eadcm crimine"De, repctundi: : Cro. 'eum poﬅulavit: ClC. Alios/ mortc, alios pecunia' con. demnabas: 5. The ge'nitz'uc SALL. of theſicrimc, or thing, that is uſed af ter verbs of accuſing, can-demning, warning and arguittz'ng, appears in reality, not to be gOVerned by the verbs, but by ſome noun in the ablative underﬅood. Among n'omzſihc,theſe nouns re, mulcta, we maypana, reckon culþa, cauſa, the following peccato, ciimincſiſcd ; Actione, are; which are governed by the propoſition on. As, condemnavit illum majeﬅatirla'ſc; that is, de criminc majeﬅatis laeſac. ,,. ' 6. When twa accuſatives are uſed after theſe verbs, the accuſative of the chime, or thing, is properly gov erned by circa, or quoad ad, underﬅood; which con ﬅruction comes under the figure of ſpeech', calledſy necdache. ' c H A P. XXIX.

1. Verbs of q/king, beſeeching, tntrtating, Gc. do ſometimes change the accuſative of thepcrſbn, into the ablative, with a propoſition. As, deum obtcﬅemur, veniamque r oremus ah ea. Ab amico argentum roges ; PLUT. Quid ﬅudia a te flagitent tu videbis: VlR'G. a. Verbs of tear/zing often change the accuſative of the thinginto the ablative with the repoſition de. "As, ſenatus edocet de itinere hoﬅium :- dhLL. Erudire ali_ ucm de rcþublz'ca : th. Quis eﬅ tam arrogans, quam Je rcbus diuini: collegium pontificum docere P Cic. 3. After theſe verbs, inﬅruo, irſſituojarmo, inform-t', ime'zuo, the ablative of the thing is generally uſed without any propoſition. As, orationum lectione diſcipulos i-n ﬅruere: Liv. Pectus þhectþti: format amz'cis: Hon. Quihm illi Srunu's ab ineun'te aetate imbuerat: th. * 4. Other m A P P- E N' Þ I X. 4. Other verbs, beſides thoſe mentioned in atherufle do often take After them two accuſativcs, one oftfu je'ſſm and the other of 'he thing. As, argcntum, quod babes condouamus te.- Tu. Nenzqvae he aiz'quid jube rent: Cro. \ 5. Verbs of clothing often change one aecuſative into the dative, or ablative. As, induit ſe taga, orſibi togam. 6. The accuſative of the thing, after the Verbs of the foregoing deſcription, is not properly governed by the verb; but by ſome prepofition underſtood ; ſuch as ab, pit-ce, ſecundztm, ad, or quaad all. The government of this aceuſative does, hence, belong toſigumtiveflnzax. C H A P'. xxx.

1. Verbs of ſitting and empty/ing do often govern the Lenitive of the thing with whiehany-thing- is- filled, or VlR-G. emptied Adoleſcentemſua: off. As man, temcritatzſisPater-am implevitimplet: PLAUL reg-ina: 2. The paffives of imflea, combat', eafleo,_/aturo,-and abſent-re, (lo-ſometimes take the genitive. As, implan tur vetcacis Bacchi: sznG.--. Cum completus jam mer. mtarumcareer eſſeu CI'C. Smgatizzisexziletisnaribus: LUCRET. ' Iﬅius obſaturabere : TER. 3. The ablative caſe after verbs, oſſilling, emptying, loading, Gc. is not properly governed by the verbs, but 'by ſome prepofition not expreſſed; ſuch as, a, ab, de, e, ex, cum. As, ſolvere naves eþortu .- Cic. Lax 'iare animum a laboribur: LIV. Arcem urbis ab incendio 'liberaviz Cie.

C H A P XXXI.

' r -'. The verb, þaſcor ſometimes takes thejaceuſativc. As, paſcuntur ſylvas : VIRG. > 2. Carea and agea take the accuſative. As, id ca reo: PLAUT. £ Multa e-geo: GELL. 3. Potiar, when ﬁgniſying to have the chief com mand, or to get enemies under power, eVer governs the ge-nitive. zAs, potiri urbis ;, potiri bostium .* SALL. ,Potiri rerum: Cic. - , A. Eþulor, vqſcar, ſugar, and Potion often govern the aeeuſative. As, ſi caþrinum jecur veſcantur; Pullo: epulari:

a, AP'PEND'IX. 'leg quﬀarj: PLXN. Ut munem funge'rentm': TAC. 'Cens urbem noﬅram potitura: Cro. And ſome old authors =uſed ſnow',- utor and almtor as governing the accuſative. As, uteris, ut Voles, oþeram meam; PLAUT. Operam * abutitur: TER. >Inge'1iumſrui;_Te-n. But, Necks, . 5. The abutor, ablative com'numſica, is- not, tary/Io, in reality, &Be. But governed 'by-the by prep the oſi-tion a, ab, dze,ex, in, underﬅood. And when a noun; in the genitive is uſed after any of theſe verbs, ſome noun in the ablative, ſuch as imþcria, re, * careſa', negotid, Praﬁnzia, coþia, or ape, with a prepoſition, is underﬅood. nd6. With ſome 3' of. theſeſiverbs, . , 4 the , prepoſition 7 is oftſidn nſed. As, in virtue recte gloriamur'; Cujus in vita n'i 'tebatur 'ſalus civitatis ; cum graviter ex intgſhinis laboj * Tarem 3 cum conﬅemus ex anima et corporc : C-1 c. >C H A 'i>ct. XXXIL

- '1. Valca to be worth,frequently governsthe accuſative.1 --2.>The noun -after.verbs ofdz'ﬅante is often 'governed by prepofitions underﬅood 5 ' ſuch as, a, ab, e, ex,'*£ie._ As, longe diﬅat amabis. _ - - 'o H A P. xxxm, t. The noun, in the ablatiye, ſignifyingtheinﬅm; ment, cauﬅ, or manner, is really governed byſome PFCPJ' oſition underﬅood: For the befl: writers do often, expreſs the p-repoſition _heſor_e this noun. As ſemper magno cum mctu dicere lnClP10-Z Ci-c. Soli'to matrurn emare locuta eﬅ : V-ms. _ ) ,The noun, that is properly the inﬅrument ſeldom admitsthe prepoſition cum, except when eancomzſitamy isimplied in the expreſſion. When this happens, cum is ev'er expreſſed-or underſtood. aIt is expreſſed in the following inﬅanceekvReſinant obſidere cum gla. diis curiam: CIC. Ingrefiu eﬅ cum gladz'o. Illiin. dignantes magno cum murmure montis circum clauﬅr Iremunt: ' ſi3. The ViRG.nounf, that is ' the Might, ' does ſometimes, - - * take the accuſative with [zer or prayer; or the ablative, S will;

"X .-\-.-n.';.hs-._-w - ._'ſi*z. Mum-_.eoz_. _

--_ *Afi 206 APPENDIX. with de, t, ex, orprc. As legibus proþter mtum pare: : Cxc. Nec loqui þm mar-are potuit : CIC. , 4. The noun of cauſe is known by aſking the ucſ tion, why _? whcrgſore? The noun of manner, by am? And the inﬅrument, by what .P wherewith? 5. The matter of which any thing is made admit' the ſame conﬅruction as the noun that is the cauſe. As, are cava clypeus: VIRG. And ſometimes a prep oſition is uſed before this noun. As, templum de marmore : lec. Pocula ex auro: Cxc. Naves fact; ax robore .* C.£s. *c H A P. xxxxv; ' '1. Theſc- paſſwe verbs of clothing and their par-ſi ficiples induor, amidor, vefliar, cingar, accingor, and alſo exuor, diſcingar, take an accuſative in the poeticalwrit-' ings, but in the proſaical writings they take an abla tive. As, fie fatus, deinde comantem Androgeigakam, clypeique inſigne decarum induitur: VlRG.- Clyþenm que auroque trilicem loricam induitur : Vl no. Cinguntur im ' po-ra : VlRG. Inutile fcrrum cingitur: V1RG. Exu via: indutus Achillei : VIRG., Exutus amm'bu: ſortu; m's .-' TAC. Vg/Ze Arabica induitur :- CURT. Hz'ſþano cin. giturgladio : L1 v. . _ 2. Verbs paffive of depriving, frecttng, bmding, tue/ing, leading, govern the ablative. ' ' 3. Verbs paffive of admoniſhing, accufing, condemning, acquitting, govern the genitjve. _ ' itivcs 4. Verbs tanti, quanti,paffive parvi, of valuzng, ſnagni, q/Ieer'nmg, nzſi/zili, &Be. govern the _ gem' 5. Verbs paffive of givzng, declaring, taking away, cam. paring, 555. govern the dative. And, 6. Verbs paſſwe of clothing, &c. govern the accuſer' tive of the thing. . \

- . C H A Pt XXXV.

1. The agent, or deer, after paſſwe verbs, is not very frequently uſed in the datwe caſe. This con '- ﬁmction

'\.

' - \APPEND5X. ' 207 ﬅruction is ſometimes, hOWever uſed. As, nec mi/n' viſa nec audita: VrRG. , ſſ 2. Th_e agent is ſometimes uſed after paffive verbs, in the ablative, without the prepoſition. As, Deferor conjugc : Ovio. But cteven in this uſe the * governing prepoſitionſſis underﬅood. ' ' ſi 3. Many active vcrbs take after them an' ablative withverbs ofa prepoſition. knowing, perreivzſing, 'Among receiving, which dzſagreez'zzg, we may' reckon inquir ing, during, aſking, entreating, ceaſing, 717n01i71g,iak1ſſ77g away, donzni/Ig,fiani uſing, dyrim' ing, bly/ingﬅrivingd'oin ing, 4. and Although expecting. the agent * after paffive 'verbs is eoniſſrnou- ' ly. in the arblative, preceded by a'prepoſixion; yet the dative eaſe is generally uſed, when preceded byſithe paſ ſiVe participle. As, fama mortis filii ſui audtha p/zilzſoplra. -C\- H A P. 'XXXVL 1. Anſiiong the imperſonal verbs, having to orfor af

terfollowing them and : Accidzſit, governi'ng benefit, the comþetit, dative, conduat,we may reckon maden, the(0719 flat, contingit, convenit, ailſ/plied, dom, appear-et, euenit, [u- . bet, exþedz't, libct, licet, liquet, 'malt t, notet, abrſſ, , placct, Pater, prwﬅat, Prodcﬅ, rg/iat, ſatigſit, flat, ſitffiu't, ſuþerqﬅ, 2. Theſe vacac. verbs, . beſides ſithe dative oſ the _ perſon, or _ r thing, have frequently another verb, in the infinitive mode, and is, in fact, uſed -as a morninative 'to them. And beſides this infinitive, as a nominative, other nominatives are frequently expreſſed. As, id, hoc, il ]ud, iﬅc, quod, or ſome general noon. As, ſi tibi z'd mi nus _libebit: Cxc. Marito iſlanonlieent : CAT. litha bes quod liqueat: Cic. 3. Intercﬅ and refer-t, beſides taking occaſionally nouns, in the genitive, do alſo admit theſe genitive ad jectivcs; tanti, quence', magni, Pan-i, quanticunque, tanti dem. As, þarui refert abs tejus dici: ClC. But, 4. The primitive pronouns,-me, t/zee, him, her, u5,y0u, them, after interefl-and refert muﬅ ever be made by the ablative feminine of their poſſeffivcs ; as, mea', tzuſi,ſuj, Iqﬅrzi, veſirzi. Some grammarians ſay, that theſe pro- + nouns

208 'Al-Pennrxb noun' are in the aſiccuſatſiive plural,.neuter gendcr, and' agree with negotia, or ſome occaſional * noun. under flood, and they ſupply the conﬅruction thus; Reſcrf. mea, that is, refert ſe ad med mgoiz'a.. . _ _. 5. Good authOrs often join with theſe two verbs, theſetum, par-um,adverbs,. m'luſit, tantum, maxz'me, quantum,mu[tum, minimc, and flat-tuum, others, i-'Zſiflie rAs, multum refert- ' 6. The nominative to theſe verbs-is ſometimes ex. preſſed. As, ittud mea magni intereﬅ :. Cie.. Magni reſertﬅudium atque valunta: :* LUCR. v 7. In uſing the genitive after intereﬅ and'rgfcrt the conﬅruction is ellipticaland maycbe thus ſu plied; As, reſert jmtri: ;. that is,refertſt'- ad negotia patns,. 8. After miſcrgſcit, myfiret, fligit, penitet, jmch and: fatter, the genitive noun is often changed into a cog nate verb, in the infinitive.. As, taedet me vine-'Alom tzcdet me vitw. 7 ' 9. The pronoun perſonal, in the accuſative, after: theſe verbs is frequently underﬅood. JAs, ſcelerum ſi' pcenitet: H'oR. l'n this example, the pronoun, not, is elegantlyunderﬅood. -v ' 10. The genitive caſe after theſe verhs is- properly. 'governed by ſome noun,7underﬅood- -, ſuchas, negotium, cogitatio, rg/þcctus, ﬅatue, ſortuna,factum,'or ſome bthen occaſional noun. As, þqnitet me - Feccatiq' reſolved thus;factumr or cogitatio or negotium, peccati peniten me. _As there are no imperſonal verbs, in any language, ſo it is not, hence, improper to fay, that. the nominax tive caſes to thoſe verbs, which have been' calledimx perſonal, are underfford._ ' - "> 11. The agent, or doer, after, theſe verhs, in the paſſive, is ever i-n the ablati've with a propoſition z and, when this happens, the verb may ſerve'for any num abber, iUis. or perſon. As, legitur _ a, m, ax'ttſa. ſi - "Habit, > a vabis,_ſi' ' 12. When the agent, or deer, is underſtood, tho verb is in the neat-er. gender. and may: ſerve for an , * number, or perſon, As, venturnvmt, when the) had; come. v ' ' i v i 13. Decet, inﬅead of- the aceuſatiVe, does ſometimes, take the dative; As, lit-atmbixzdecet :_ Ten. - ' e i . v . i - 14: _ a-r Zwrw-va._.._w _ 4 \ * _ go ,* ,* ,

*KPPEſſNDſiIXſi.ſſ '

14', The verbs, fallitgſugit, pra-tent and latct, where uſed as third phſſmal Verbs, take a- pronoun in the accuſatiVe, and a verb in the infinitiVe. As, fugit me ad teſcrſherc .* ClC. But the infinitive verbs, in ſen tences of this conſtruction, are: properly the nominaz tives. As, to (write to thee, gſcaþed me 3 ſail-are ad te, fugz't me. , 15. Caeſn't', inciþet', dgſinz't, debet,_fl1[ct, an-'dffiotcſſ are uſ ed as third þcvſomtl verbs, when followed by the infin ſeemsitive of to ſimilar be the verbs. nominativc In this caſe-to eaſe, the thc fbrxzcr-ſiverb'ſſ, "word, that muﬅ be in ſuch eaſe as the latter verb governs; As7 ſo-I ſ' l'et pudere þueras gnaw! cedcrc 'His aequalium 'doeſi tnnfir ſſ I' ct

Te' I-I A P. x'xxvm

1 , . I. As ge-runds are properly verbalnouns, they are" uſed in any caſe, except the vacation. , 2. The gerund. in dum, of; the nominative., is the proper agent, or nominative to the*Verb eﬅ, when the phraſe im _.orts ſome nescﬃty, or obligation falling on a perſon. he perſon on whom the neceſſity falls, is put in Latin, in the datiue caſe. But the perſon is fre uently ſuppreſſed. As, ſi pereundum ſit. In this in. &ancq mi/zi- is elegantly. ſupprcſſed.. '_' times The omitted. noun" that As, governs cum haberem the gerund in. animcto in all', navj'gandie is ſome That 4, 'The is,þr0þ0ſitum gcrund in navigand-i dum, of the : Cic. accuſdtiſive 'is ſometimes. _ ſ governedberemus :'P,L1N..ﬄ by the verb. [taken As, * Qnum. ſi ' . mitendum 114.. " ' 5. To avoid unpleaſi'ng ſound, the-good' cl'aſſic writ ers ſeldom uſegerundiafl participles, in the genitive plu- ſſ ral. Inﬅead of tcmþu': cu'randarum' rerum, they ſay-,_. temþur summit' 'an _ 1 1 _ N. B. I'f the ﬅudent chooſe to ſee fhrther remarks: onG'mmmatz'cql'hſiitutc gerunds and gerunafz'al of t/zc partz'rz'þler, Latin Languagc.. he may conſult my. ſi

as; _ CHAP.. 7

are APPaNp-rze. c H A P. xxxwm. ſi

1. In the caſe oſ participles', get-and: andfiiþimra; twoſold conﬅruction prevails among the moﬅ elegant Latin authors. Participles are uſed in the firﬅ place, as having the nature of adjectiVes, and as ſuch they fimply agree with their nouns, in number, caſe-and gen der. When participles are uſed in the nature of verbs,_ they commonly govern the caſe ofthcir verbs.. Gemnds and ſupines in the ſecond place, are often: uſed as having the nature of nouns, and take their government, in many reſpects. But when they par take the nature of their Verbs, they. admit in general,_a-= ſimilar government. 2. Verbal nouns. in bundus, govern the caſe of their verbs. As, popuiabundus agre: : CE-L 1., Gratulab'undus Patria .- jusr. ' 3. Pcrtrrſus, inﬅead of the accuſative, does often. take the genitive. As, quos pertaeſum magni inccj'tiz vſim-um que tum-um gfl .' Vnto. Lmtitudinis, eorum'peh taeſa : TAc. ' 4. As gerunds are oſten uſed-invthe nature of nouns, ſo they do, ſometimes, admit another' noun after them; in the genitive. As, quum illdrum videndi gratia me in forum contuliſſem : Crc. Facultas agrorum coude- nandi : Cic. Nominandi iﬅorum crit copia a; Puwh. 5. Inﬅead of uſing the infinitive, or- Conjunctive "mode, the articiple oſ the future in du, may be uſedv in conjnngion with cure, habca, mando, loco, cowduco, do, tribua, acripia, mitto, Yclznqua, and many other. verba As, domus nos philoſophiae excokndor: Cic.

C H A P. XXXlX; a. This ablativc caſe is ſaid to be abſolute,.becſſauſh© it is not governed by any part of ſpeech whateVer.. 2. When the participle is not expreſſed with the noun, we may then ſuppoſe, that exiﬅmte in the ahla tive ſingular, or exiﬅcntibur in the ablative plural, is gnderﬅood. As, m ſuaflrc hoc factum: PLAZJ'F- I JWE A-P'PENvD'I-'XL m 'ting the qdvi er (that is, cxz'flcnte) this was done. i In. like manner we ſay; atte'ri: par-thus, fatis- auctorilzus, Sa twno Trgc, me ig-na'o, qſþcra hymne, me ſum-03 invita- Mine vrva, Dco duce; - * '_3. The participle is ſometimes expreſſedalonqand then the-non'm re, cazzſa, mg'olio, or- ſome other occaſionah noun-is under-ﬅood, with which the participle does. 'agreezl ' At, nondum comþerta gnam regionem hoﬅest petiſſent-zw' &In. Li-v. Audito, ſi ' it being- heard; that is "fac *,4.. Doing, being, having, knowing; or ſome Engliſh par ticiple in ing, together with zzflcr, when, whigﬅ, an: ſigns of the'ablative>ahſoiute.. joined ' 5. Not-only. with ſia nounthe participle in the ahlativeof the Preſent ahſolute, time butaEtive thex ii Particz'þk of the perfect time paſſtvc obtains this conﬅruc tion. And-the beﬅ authors do often uſe the participle of the future in ran, in connection with a noun ahſolute; As, venture Czſare : MART. ' - 6. To uſe-theþcrſcct' partieipk'pf' deponent-v-erbs, ſhe the ablative- ahſolute, is ſaid to be unclaſſmali. Andt He may not hence ſay, Caeſar, his Zbcutix, pugnamdn' ﬅ'auravit; but Caeſar, hlac Iocuiusr or 1243.' dictzs; &e. 7'. This now] ahſolute may be changed into the nom ihative ;- and' the panicipk into its verb, by uſing cum, them, qfuando, ſi, quoniam. As, Anguﬅo r'egnanto,. Chriﬅus cruciſixus ſuit. Changed 3. dum Cqſar regna vit, &t. * ' ' 8'. Although this abiative is ſaidto be alg/blun, yet' ſome grammarians- think it may be governed. hyfui, cum, a, or ab, under-ﬅood.. ' *

C' H A P'. XIZu. r. A; the ſtipines- in um and u, are, in the opinion of good grammarians, ſimply verbal. nouns," they m be found iu the accuſative and tibi-ative of the ſourX declenﬁon of nouns. ſſ The ſupine in um, being Found in the accuſative eaſe, may be governed by ad," or in, underﬅood. The conﬅruction is thus. reſolved. -, eo ad- cubitu'n, Legs: t'

.._,.4 a.

l.-_.;u ...., .' m APPENDIX; bed. Ibant ad venatum: The)7 went to lzu'zt, or to the hunting. ' . The prepoſitions are ſometimes exPreſi'ecl, and uſed as governing the ſupine in um, in the accuſative caſe. As, in commutatum veniunt : Lucn. Non omnis tern peﬅas apes ad paﬅum prodire longiuspatitur z VAR- 7 . The ſupine in u, being ſound in the ablative, may' be governed by the. prepoſition, ex, e, or in, underﬅood. The conſtruction is thus reſolved ; terribilis in Viſu; terrible in thefight, or in the aþþearance, or'in beingſeenſi _ The prepoſttions are ſometimes expreſſed. As, in receptu difficilis: Qumcr. 15 paﬅu vitulus ad tectla reducit; Vxxc. Et a paſtu decedens agmine magnoj corvorum increpuit denſis exercitus alis :. VlRG. 2. The ſupine in um, is ſome times uſed after a par' ticiple, implying motion. As, admiffiſþectatum : Hem.v ' 3. This ſupiue, when connected -with_ tri, forms. what is called theſuture time of the infinitive 'paffivex And,- as it partakes of the nature of anoun, it never' - _changes its ending.v Claffic writers donot ſay, Packe . time; auditar in', but praelectiones auditum irz'.. * 4. Sentenees in which the ſupine in umz is uſed', may admit many. variations.. As, ivit emptum e/zartam ;. ivit ut cmat dun-tum ;- ivit clzartzz amende cauſa _: ivit ad emndum (hartam ; ivit ed emendam chartzzm; ivit emþturus chartamivit qui .* (harm-m ivit charm-m e-matv emendi ; ivit Ctlllfll emcre ; elzartaſim.ivit charter Of emendc theſe ;, _variations- the four firﬅ are elegant and claſſical ; the ſucceeding four are not- much uſed 3. and the laﬅ, never, exeept by the poets; and then, for the ſake of metre. '5. The ſupine in u, is ſometimes putv after verbs, that expreſs motion. from a place. As, primus cubitue 'Purgat :* CATO. . Nunc pbſanatw redeo 7 PLAUT. _ t 6. This ſupine-is frequently uſed after theſe-ſubﬅan ,'ti.ve nouns; oþ'us,_ſas,.nefas. As, nodſcitu oBus eﬅ : Cro. 7. lnﬅead Nefas of dictu: ſayingfaczſile' Crc. actu,Fas' di we ui may C'r-c. ſay facile agit, ' ed'agendicmſacz'le' ,,* an'dſacile gctz'anez. Uſ ifl ,' CHAPL APPzNetx. A 213 .l> t

C H A XLI., ' < . t. Although n_ouns, ſignifying the time nu'im are generally put in the ablative, yet theyare ſometime' ut in the accuſative. As, id tcmj/u-s creatus eﬅ con l. And likewiſe nouns, that ſignify the continuanw of time may be uſed. in the ablative. As, imperavit triennizi, et d-ccem menſibu; 05!qu diebw. 2', Theſe nouns are in fact, governed by prepoſitiona underﬅood. The prepoſit-ions are frequently expreſſed. As, ſurgunt dc noffe latrones : Hon. Habebit Senatus in lmnc amzum quem ſcquatur : th. -. 3. We find often in the Claffics, theſe phraſes' ; illud ſtorm, iﬅ/zuc ctum, lwc wtatir,.id temþorix. .U_pon which it may be obſerved,v that the-pronouns, are uſed in the accuſative fingular, and' governed by ad or cin ra, underﬅood. And as they are ncutcr,pronouns, they, eonſequcntly', take the genitive caſe after-them. But phraſes of this nature may be changed into illa kard,-£fl hac ztatt, ltac atatc, so te-mjlwre, and governed by a prey, eſition. underﬅood._

C H A P. -XLI'[.

N. B; For particular remarks under this ehap'eh, the ﬅudent may conſul; my. grammatical lnﬅitute of the: Latin Language._ * * ſ CHAP. XLIkr. '

1.. Many oſ the advenbs,,that govern the- geni'tive, are by coal-lage, uſed £or- thoſe -W0rds, from which they are derived, - Of this ſort We may reckon the following _:: Mantle; largitcr, nimis, þartim, quad, þarum, minime,ﬅzti:._ Theſe adverbs are uſed by the above figure of ſpeech, in lieu offiztiur, minimumfflarvum, quod a neuten pronoun,, v [and nimimh largjam, abundmn, 'or abundath And 214 APPENDſitx.

as theſe latter words take a genitivc after them, it it ſuitable that their adverbs ſhouldv take the ſame caſe. 2. Inﬂar is prOperly a ncuter 'indeclinable noun; and the genitive after it may be the latter oſ two nouns. As lnﬅar is a noun we may ſee the propriety of uſing the prepoſnion ad before it. 3; Ergn,which is ſaid to beuſed adverbially,in Latin, is, in reality, a noun, derived from the greek egyby; and may therefore take a genitive caſe. 4: The adverbs of- time, that govern the genitive, are theſe, tunc, þqﬂra, ivdc, nttcrra. 5. The adverbs of place are theſe,'ltuc, lzuctz'ne, car, unde, nuſquam, uſquam, ibz'dcm, longe, aliruþi. quaczmguc, ' qua, quovis, alujuo, ubinam, ubivis, alibi, alz'cubi, ubique, u Hebi. 6. Pridic and þoﬅridirgovern ſometimes the genitive and ſometimes the accuſative. After theſe advct-bs it isKalendarum, more claſſical nonarum, to ſay. Mint-m. Kalendax, The Nouns, adverb and pridzctc IduJ, is uſedthen inﬅead ofþriori die ; and þcJ/Zria'ic, inﬅead of þqﬅero die. 7. The ſentences, in which the adverbs of time and place are uſed, ſſare, in fact, elliptical. And their con ﬅruction may beſupplicd by the uſe oſ low, re, tempon, negotio, or ſome other occaſional word. As, tibi, gen tium; that is, ulviloco gentiumſi > ' N 8. Tcmþon', 'at/pen', and ſucz' are the old ablatives of tcmþur, vgſber, and t'ux : But they are uſed adverbiallyi C H A P. XLIV.

den I. cmotion As interjections orþdﬃcton oſ'the' are ſimply mind, the they ſigns do of not, ſome ﬅriﬂly ſud

'ſpeaking, 2. The govern vocative any caſe caſe is whatever. put ahſolute, For, ar-zſindeþcndcht; and may be uſed with, or without, anſi interjection.v As, Mrſ/2, mihi cauſas- memora: VlRG 3. The ſcntcnce is elliptical, 'when the nominative comes aſter an interjection; and may be thus ſuppli ed : Pro,ſrclu:, that is, Pro, hoc eﬅſcclw. 4. The ſentence is elliptical, when the dative coma after an intcrjection and may be thus ſupplied : Hei mzht, that is, hcil mihi eﬅ miſcria'. i 5. The - APPENDIX. 215 5. The ſentence is elliptical, when the aceufative names after an interjcction, and may be thus ſupplied : ch l va: miſtro: ; that is, hen qups ſentio va: eſſe my' eros. 6. The interjections are frequently uſed, without being connected with any caſe. As, hei! vereor. Heus! proximus ſum cgomet mihi: Tn. ,

'I -

a' c'x ,0 . .'.' c o _ 'no . ._ _ " .\ ' I' ... " _ V, t 0 > \ axe. ,' , I' t. _ a . r 'a \ * A" _,. . , - ' - 1 , ...... _ n [I Q a . . u I f

_ a.

"1 / , . \_ . i - _ _ ,.. x , . 4 I . , \ ' . \ 1 . , 4 p t . u _ . 5 _ a _ - . _ . . - . t . . . . ſ , . . - _ . _.._ . . . . . r" ...... t, _ _ _ . _ . . V . . 4 . . - . t I \ ...... - . - . ' . , u . . . . \ . . .. . - . . - w .\ . . I . a. . . 0 ...... _ . a .... d t 1.. - - . t...... > . . t , 'A _ I - * e , . . 4 a. . - . . a . . a _ _ _. , a . , . a . . 3 . . . , . a o . . - .. l 4 ,\/ 4 ,, J . . . , . . . . . ' V _. a . . a ' . . ,, ._ _ - Q , . ./ > 1 v . . . .< . . \ . a . s _. l _ x . . . . \ p > ' ...... I _<. _ . 1 t 1' , \ . a 1 _ l . o \ > .

',. > .'. .. n . 0' . \ . . '.\ t . a a. z. . ... ' _ .. t . . a .. . _ .. a . . . ſi d . a . - . . a . . _ , . .. _ , . . t . e 1