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CW23 Complete-Issue.Pdf
C a n c e r W o r l d 2 3 Education & knowledge through people & facts M A R Number 23, March-April 2008 C H - A P R I L 2 0 0 8 Giovanni Paganelli § Giovanni Paganelli: nuclear medicine’s enthusiastic ambassador § Personalised therapies: who will champion the needs of patients? § Scientific integrity must come first: the unique Baum brand of passion and perversity § Helping survivors get thei r lives back Best Reporter Make prevention easy Czech journalist and colon cancer survivor pens a message to her country’s health professionals Had Iva Skochová been in her native Prague rather than New York when she went to the doctor complaining of stomach pains, her colon cancer may never have been discovered in time. A staff writer on the Prague Post , Skochová won a Best Cancer Reporter Award for a piece she wrote about the lessons to be learned from her experience, which is republished below. t is no secret that the polyps before they turn Czech Republic has the cancerous or at least in the Iworld’s highest colon can - early stages of cancer, before cer rates per capita: every year they metastasise, it sharply 7,500 new patients are diag - decreases the premature mor - nosed, and every day 16 peo - tality of patients. ple die from it. Colonoscopies in the Anyone who has sampled Czech Republic, however, traditional Czech food will be are usually performed only tempted to jump to conclu - when patients already show sions and say “no wonder”. On symptoms of colon cancer average, Czechs consume (indigestion, abdominal pain, excessive amounts of animal anaemia, etc), not as a form of fats and cured meats and pre - prevention. -
Presidential Address “Barber Poles
Barber Poles, Battlefields, and Wounds That Will Not Heal Robert M. Byers, MD, Houston, Texas aving grown up playing baseball in a small town in became a despised and neglected practice. Much of this has Maryland, I was always reminded of the four base- been blamed on the church, which prohibited the practice H ball Hall of Famers who lived there: Babe Ruth, “Ecclesia abhorret a sanguine,” which means the church whom you might have heard of; Jlmmy Fox; Lefty Grove; abhors the “shedding of blood.” As civilization regained its Al Kaline; and, a future Hall of Famer, Cal Ripkin Jr., who hold upon the people, surgery revived. The most notable just broke the record for consecutive games played. I, too, and significant exception during this era was in the arena dreamed of some day playing in the Major Leagues. I didn’t of the battlefield. Surgery prospered with the bloody strife make it in baseball, but I certainly have played in the big of men, medicine did not.’ The barber’s identification with leagues of academic surgery w-ith the likes of Jay Ballantyne war produced the characteristic colors wrapped around a and Dick Jesse. For this, I am extremely privileged and pole: red for blood and white for bandages. Battlefield sur- grateful. gery was brutal, but so were the radical procedures per- I have chosen “Barber Poles, Battlefields, and Wounds formed by surgeons in the early 1900s to treat cancer. that Won’t Heal” as the title of my Presidential Address. Hippocrates said “war is the only proper school of the This reflects a personal flavor and, perhaps, requires a brief surgeon. -
The Creation of Neuroscience
The Creation of Neuroscience The Society for Neuroscience and the Quest for Disciplinary Unity 1969-1995 Introduction rom the molecular biology of a single neuron to the breathtakingly complex circuitry of the entire human nervous system, our understanding of the brain and how it works has undergone radical F changes over the past century. These advances have brought us tantalizingly closer to genu- inely mechanistic and scientifically rigorous explanations of how the brain’s roughly 100 billion neurons, interacting through trillions of synaptic connections, function both as single units and as larger ensem- bles. The professional field of neuroscience, in keeping pace with these important scientific develop- ments, has dramatically reshaped the organization of biological sciences across the globe over the last 50 years. Much like physics during its dominant era in the 1950s and 1960s, neuroscience has become the leading scientific discipline with regard to funding, numbers of scientists, and numbers of trainees. Furthermore, neuroscience as fact, explanation, and myth has just as dramatically redrawn our cultural landscape and redefined how Western popular culture understands who we are as individuals. In the 1950s, especially in the United States, Freud and his successors stood at the center of all cultural expla- nations for psychological suffering. In the new millennium, we perceive such suffering as erupting no longer from a repressed unconscious but, instead, from a pathophysiology rooted in and caused by brain abnormalities and dysfunctions. Indeed, the normal as well as the pathological have become thoroughly neurobiological in the last several decades. In the process, entirely new vistas have opened up in fields ranging from neuroeconomics and neurophilosophy to consumer products, as exemplified by an entire line of soft drinks advertised as offering “neuro” benefits. -
December 11, 2001, NIH Record, Vol. LIII, No. 25
R a Still The Second Best Thing About Payday Dyer Lecturer Probes Persistence H GHL I G •H -TS Post-Sept. 11 Strategies Debated Of Cellular Memory Current, Future Security Measures By Anne A . Oplinger Cellular memory, one of the immune NIH Presents Weighed at Town Meeting system's most astounding characteristics, Security Issues to Employees By Carla Garnett is the subject of the 50th R.E. Dyer lecture he adage "you can never please everyone" might wel~ have scheduled for Wednesday, Dec. 19. The been written to describe reaction to heightened security 0 lecture, lmmuno N IH Gains New measures taken and planned for NIH following the Sept. 11 logical Memory: Deputy Director T tragedy. That's according to an unofficial barometer of e~ployee Lessons for Vaccine remarks Nov. 19 at the first of fow: scheduled town meetmgs on Development.ff will "Safety and Security at the NIH." There was perhaps only one I #. be presented by Dr. NCI Reports on thing everyone could agree on: That is, NIH now conducts Rafi Ahmed at 3 p.m. Progress Against business differently than it did before Sept. 11. in Masur Audito Cancer "Tllis is an opportunity to fill you in on what's going on, the rium, Bldg. 10. -~~-~ · . 1 rationale for what's happening and to hear your ideas," said Dr. """' . ' .,_ Michael Gottesman NIH deputy director for intramural research, . -~ .... Anyone who has during opening rem;rks at the meeting held in Masu_r Auditorium. had chicken pox, Acknowledging that many employees have asked him what they Dr. Rafi Ahmed mumps, measles or can do to help NIH and the nation at a time like this, Gottesman certain other told the audience "What we do here already is of incredible childhood diseases will never have that importance to th~ country. -
The Secret History of the War on Cancer
Book review The secret history of the war on cancer Devra Davis Basic Books. New York, New York, USA. 2007. 528 pp. $27.95. ISBN: 978-0465015665 (hardcover). Reviewed by Raymond N. DuBois The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. E-mail: [email protected] In 2007, the American Cancer Society were never fully appreciated by the public. exposed to complex mixtures of these agents, reported 12 million new cancer cases world- Still, they weren’t necessarily kept secret. The yet testing is done on one chemical at a time. wide and 7.6 million cancer deaths. Given issues become confused as she bounces from These combinations, at low levels, may be far these staggering numbers, it’s no wonder that one to another, in no perceivable order, vent- more dangerous than exposure to a higher people are beginning to question why the ing outrage. For example, she describes the concentration of one agent alone. War on Cancer, declared by President Nixon human experimentation performed in Nazi One of the greatest unpreventable risk fac- in 1971, has not led to the elimination of this Germany that indicated a clear connection tors for cancer is age. With the tidal wave of disease. Epidemiologist Devra Davis, director between tobacco exposure and cancer. How- baby boomers fast approaching retirement of the Center for Environmental Oncology at ever, she deadens her point by expounding age, we will definitely see many more cases of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute on the numerous other atrocities carried out cancer over the next few decades. -
January 22, 2010, NIH Record, Vol. LXII, No. 2
JANUARY 22, 2010 The Second Best Thing About Payday VOL. LXII, NO. 2 King’s Lessons Are Not Past, but Present By Valerie Lambros ABOVE · The renovation of Bldg. 3 will retain ore than 40 years after the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., the some architectural features. See story country has surely come a long way. However, as the keynote speaker of the below. M NIH presentation to observe the civil rights leader’s birthday pointed out, there is features much work to be done. The NIH event celebrating King’s life and work was kicked off by a performance by 1 musicians from the Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz and headlined by author and King’s Legacy Still Lives sociologist Dr. Michael Eric Dyson. 3 NIH director Dr. Francis Collins NHLBI Hosts Stem Cell Symposium opened the event by reflecting on 7 King’s message of service to others. NIH Recruits Management Interns Recalling a famous King quote, Collins said, “We all must decide whether we 12 will walk in the light of creative altru- Jackson Ends 62-Year NIH Career ism, or the darkness of destructive self- ishness.” Dr. Vivian Pinn, director of departments see king observance, page 6 Dr. Michael Eric Dyson gives the keynote lecture at NIH’s annual King celebration. Briefs 2 Digest 10 ‘Decommissioned’ Bldg. 3 Gets Ready to U.S.-India Research Collaboration Volunteers 11 Shine Again Addresses HIV, STDs By Valerie Lambros By David Taylor Facelifts aren’t common treatments at NIH. U.S. and Indian scientists gathered recent- Unless you’re talking about buildings. -
The War on Cancer—Shifting from Disappointment to New Hope
Ann Surg Oncol (2010) 17:1971–1978 DOI 10.1245/s10434-010-0987-2 ORIGINAL ARTICLE – TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH AND BIOMARKERS Society of Surgical Oncology Presidential Address: The War on Cancer—Shifting from Disappointment to New Hope William G. Cance, MD Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY First of all, it has been a singular honor to be your President for the past year. It has been a wonderful journey with the SSO since I first began working on the Program Committee in 1993. I have learned from outstanding mentors during this time and have watched our Society grow not only in membership, but also redefining itself as we seek to broaden our outreach across all surgeons across the world. We keep getting better and I am confident that our organization will continue on the paths set by my predecessors. From a personal standpoint, I am grateful to all of the people who have helped me get here. The list is too large to show, and of course I would forget some, but I do want to thank a number of people who have guided me along the way. Dr. Warren Cole was my earliest mentor—meeting him in high school and benefiting from his wise counsel until his death in 1990 (Fig. 1). He was not only a con- summate surgical oncologist who happened to retire to my hometown, but was a visionary, frank mentor. Early in my career, Dr. Hilliard Seigler helped nurture a lifelong love of FIG. 1 Dr. Warren Cole the laboratory and was my first real-life demonstration of a surgical scientist. -
“Technologies of the Law/ Law As a Technology”
HOS0010.1177/0073275318816163History of ScienceBiagioli and Buning 816163research-article2018 Special Issue - Technologies of the Law/ Law as a Technology HOS History of Science 1 –15 “Technologies of the © The Author(s) 2018 Article reuse guidelines: law/ law as a technology” sagepub.com/journals-permissions https://doi.org/10.1177/0073275318816163DOI: 10.1177/0073275318816163 journals.sagepub.com/home/hos Mario Biagioli UC Davis, USA Marius Buning Freie Universitat, Berlin, Germany Abstract Historians of science and technology and STS practitioners have always taken intellectual property very seriously but, with some notable exceptions, they have typically refrained from looking “into” it. There is mounting evidence, however, that they can open up the black box of IP as effectively as they have done for the technosciences, enriching their discipline while making significant contributions to legal studies. One approach is to look at the technologies through which patent law construes its object – the invention – in specific settings and periods by examining procedures, classifications, archives, models, repositories, patent specifications (in both their linguistic and pictorial dimensions), and the highly specialized language of patent claims. More ambitiously, we could treat intellectual property as a technology itself. Patent law does not evolve either by merely articulating its doctrine in response to technological developments. The line between what does and does not count as invention may be redrawn with the emergence of new objects and technologies, but is not determined by them. It is this constructive feature of the law that we are trying to capture with the notion of law as technology. We hope that thinking about the technologies of the law and the law as technology will bring into question what we mean by both “technology” and “law”. -
ELCOCK-DISSERTATION.Pdf
HIGH NEW YORK THE BIRTH OF A PSYCHEDELIC SUBCULTURE IN THE AMERICAN CITY A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon By CHRIS ELCOCK Copyright Chris Elcock, October, 2015. All rights reserved Permission to Use In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the Libraries of this University may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor or professors who supervised my thesis work or, in their absence, by the Head of the Department or the Dean of the College in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis. Requests for permission to copy or to make other use of material in this thesis in whole or part should be addressed to: Head of the Department of History Room 522, Arts Building 9 Campus Drive University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A5 Canada i ABSTRACT The consumption of LSD and similar psychedelic drugs in New York City led to a great deal of cultural innovations that formed a unique psychedelic subculture from the early 1960s onwards. -
On Speed: the Many Lives of Amphetamine
On Speed Nicolas Rasmussen On Speed The Many Lives of Amphetamine a New York University Press • New York and London NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York and London www.nyupress.org © 2008 by New York University All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Rasmussen, Nicolas, 1962– On speed : the many lives of amphetamine / Nicolas Rasmussen. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8147-7601-8 (cl : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-8147-7601-9 (cl : alk. paper) 1. Amphetamines—United States—History. 2. Amphetamine abuse— United States—History. I. Title. II. Title: Many lives of amphetamine. [DNLM: 1. Amphetamines—history—United States. 2. Amphetamine-Related Disorders—history—United States. 3. History, 20th Century—United States. 4. History, 21st Century—United States. QV 102 R225o 2007] RM666.A493R37 2007 362.29'90973—dc22 2007043261 New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. Manufactured in the United States of America c10987654321 p10987654321 To my parents, Laura and Norman, for teaching me to ask questions Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 1 The New Sensation 6 2 Benzedrine: The Making of a Modern Medicine 25 3 Speed and Total War 53 4 Bootleggers, Beatniks, and Benzedrine Benders 87 5 A Bromide for the Atomic Age 113 6 Amphetamine and the Go-Go Years 149 7 Amphetamine’s Decline: From Mental Medicine to Social Disease 182 8 Fast Forward: Still on Speed, 1971 to Today 222 Conclusion: The Lessons of History 255 Notes 261 List of Archival Sources 347 Index 348 About the Author 352 Illustrations appear in two groups following pages 86 and 148. -
Eulogy for the Clinical Research Center
Eulogy for the clinical research center David G. Nathan, David M. Nathan J Clin Invest. 2016;126(7):2388-2391. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI88381. Op-Ed The extramural General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) program has been funded for more than 50 years, first by the National Center for Research Resources, NIH, and more recently as part of the Clinical Translational Science Award (CTSA) program through the newly formed National Center for Advancing Translation Sciences (NCATS). The GCRCs represent the federally funded laboratories that employ a highly trained cadre of research nurses, dietitians, and other support staff and in which generations of clinical investigators trained and performed groundbreaking human studies that advanced medical science and improved clinical care. Without the opportunity for adequate discussion, NCATS has now stopped funding these Research Centers. In this “eulogy,” we review the origins and history of the GCRCs, their contributions to the advancement of medicine, and the recent events that have essentially defunded them. We mourn their loss. Find the latest version: https://jci.me/88381/pdf OP-ED The Journal of Clinical Investigation Eulogy for the clinical research center David G. Nathan1 and David M. Nathan2 1Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 2Diabetes Center and Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. icans with a desire to learn the biomedical research technology of the early twentieth The extramural General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) program has been century were forced to travel to England, funded for more than 50 years, first by the National Center for Research France, Austria, or Germany. -
The Secret History of the War on Cancer
The secret history of the war on cancer Raymond N. DuBois J Clin Invest. 2008;118(6):1978-1978. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI36051. Book Review In 2007, the American Cancer Society reported 12 million new cancer cases worldwide and 7.6 million cancer deaths. Given these staggering numbers, it’s no wonder that people are beginning to question why the War on Cancer, declared by President Nixon in 1971, has not led to the elimination of this disease. Epidemiologist Devra Davis, director of the Center for Environmental Oncology at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and an environmental advisor to Newsweek, argues in her new book, The secret history of the war on cancer, that this effort has not focused on the “right” battles. She insists that progress has been lost as governments placate and cover up for industries that pollute and contaminate the environment with carcinogens and that more attention should be focused on environmental risks for this disease, such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and workplace carcinogen exposure. This is familiar territory for Davis. Her previous book, When smoke ran like water (1), a 2002 finalist for the National Book Award for Nonfiction, documented the relationship between air pollution and a host of human diseases. In this new release, she concentrates on cancer as a by-product of industry greed and governmental negligence. As a cancer researcher myself, I found the book to be informative and interesting, but the title is a misnomer. Most of the […] Find the latest version: https://jci.me/36051/pdf Book review The secret history of the war on cancer Devra Davis Basic Books.