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APA 2017 Three Unique Meetings

BALTIMORE KANSAS CITY, MO SEATTLE The APA Eastern Division meeting January 4–7, 2017 • Baltimore, MD

Featuring the AAPT-APA Mini-Conference on Teaching Philosophy, a Publishing Workshop, gatherings like the APA prize reception, and more. www.apaonline.org/2017Eastern The APA Central Division meeting March 1–4, 2017 • Kansas City, MO The upcoming Central Division program features the Romanell Lecture, three sessions organized by the American Society for Political & Legal Philosophy, receptions, and more. www.apaonline.org/2017Central The APA Pacific Division meeting April 12–15, 2017 • Seattle, WA The 2017 Pacific Division meeting features a robust program, including the Lebowitz Prize, the Berger Prize, the Sanders Lecture, the Kavka Prize, and many other sessions. www.apaonline.org/2017Pacific

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The APA gratefully acknowledges those who have recently donated (October 2015–September 2016) in support of our work. Thank you for your generosity, which allows us to continue serving the discipline and profession of philosophy. * Member of the Board of Officers § Member of an APA committee or Divisional Executive Committee

$10,000 and above Holly Smith Ellen Chen James Smith Kathleen Higgins Ernest Sosa Gary Iseminger $1,000–$9,999 Janet Stemwedel§ Alfred Ivry Elizabeth Anderson Nicholas Sturgeon Edward James Robert Audi in memory of Michael Jubien Dr. Hugh J. McCann $100–$249 Robert Kane Kent Bach Edmund Abegg Tomis Kapitan Robert Adams David Kaplan Paul Jacobson Marilyn Adams Louis Katzner Stephen Barker John Kearns $500–$999 Sharon Bishop Carol Keene Richard Bett* Michael Bradie Charles Kelly Lawrence Blum Sarah Broadie Peter Kivy John Kleinig Deborah Brown Scott Kleiner James McCall Teresa Blankmeyer Burke Virginia Klenk Robin Smith*§ in memory Edmund Byrne in memory Michael Krausz of Hugh J. McCann of Anne Donchin Jennifer Lackey* in David Wong* Peter Caws memory of Tony Carl Cohen Brueckner $250–$499 David Copp Rosalind Ladd Myron Anderson Sharon Crasnow Berel Lang Cheshire Calhoun* Edward Crowell in memory Edward Langerak Stephen Darwall of Bob Richmen Stephanie Lewis Amy Ferrer* Cora Diamond David Lincicome Milton Fisk Frederick Doepke Alasdair MacIntyre Leslie Francis* Robert Doud Ronald McIntyre James Grunebaum Maureen Egan John McKenney Sally Haslanger§ Arthur Falk Craig Merow Bradford Hooker Nancy Fraser* Kenneth Merrill Eva Kittay* Rachel Fredericks Judy Miles Nelson Lande Marilyn Friedman Richard Miller Dominic McIver Lopes§ Paula Gottlieb Jana Mohr Lone Terrance McConnell Pete Gunter Jorge Nobo Andrew Naylor James Hall John O’Connor Nel Noddings William Hamrick Marina Oshana* Gregory Pence Alan Hart Lucius Outlaw Jr.* Henry Richardson John Heil David Ozar

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. 02 Oct 2021 at 20:40:01, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use. APA Donors John Whelan Donald Burrill $100–$249 (continued) D. Witmer Constantine Caffentzis Charles Parsons Ronald Yezzi Toni Carey Stanley Paulson Richard Ylvisaker R. L. Causey Carla Payne Yuquan Zhang J. Chapman Christine Pierce Burton Zwiebach Mark Chekola Lansing Pollock Anonymous James Childress Kevin Possin George Claghorn John Protevi in memory of Under $100 John Cleary Charles Bigger Laird Addis Louise Collins Robert Radford James Allard John Connolly Charles Raff Harold Allen Richard Corliss Andrew Reck Paul Anderson Charles Courtney Richard Reilly Clifford Anderson Donald Crosby Michael Resnik Shane Andre Jane Cullen Max Roesler Lyle Angene Norman Dahl Donald Ross Richard Aquila T. Damer Neil Rossman David Arbelaez Russell Dancy William Rottschaefer Martin Ateh John Davenport Geoffrey Sayre-McCord Eugene Atkin Todd Davis Thomas Scanlon Jay Atlas Howard DeLong Irmgard Scherer Sidney Axinn W. Depp Sally Scholz*§ Neera Badhwar Robert Dill John Seddon Royal Bales Wendy Donner Patrick Shin Krim Ballentine Webb Dordick Sydney Shoemaker Robert Barnes Theodore Drange Betty Sichel Heather Battaly Donald Duclow Evan Simpson Charles Beardsley Charles Dunlop Walter Sinnott- Linda Bell Jeffrey Dunn Armstrong*§ L. Kent Bendall Melissa Ebbers Emanuele Soldinger Theodore Benditt Glen Ebisch Miriam Solomon§ Robert Benson Rem Edwards John Sommer Arnold Berleant Paul Eisenberg Elmer Sprague Sara Bernstein Charles Emmer Robert Stalnaker Charles Betros Robert Ennis Elizabeth Steiner Arthur Bierman Susan Feagin Laurent Stern Merrily Bjerkestrand Seymour Feldman Wayne Swindall Leonard Boonin Joseph Fell Palmer Talbutt John Bosworth Richard Frothingham Valerie Tiberius* Norman Bowie Susan Gabriel John Tilley John Bricke Ann Garry Thomas Torrance William Briel Heather Gert Stewart Umphrey Robert Brown Mark Gilbertson Peter Vallentyne D. G. Brown Ronald Glossop F. P. Van DePitte James Brown Eleanor Godway Margaret Van DePitte William Buchanan in Dane Gordon Kendall Walton memory of Edith M. D. Gowin Richard Wasserstrom Buchanan Robert Gressis Donald Wells Andrew Burgess Patricia Griswold

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. 02 Oct 2021 at 20:40:01, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use. APA Donors Charles McCracken Barbara Rosen in memory Under $100 (continued) Kevin McDonnell of Arlin M. Adams Joseph Grunfeld Aaron McElhatten Abigail Rosenthal Lawrence Habermehl Arthur McGrade Kelley Ross Richard Hall Leemon McHenry Robert Rosthal Fred Hallberg Vaughn McKim Henry Ruf Roger Hancock H. McLane Dennis Rusche Rollo Handy James McMahon Herman Saatkamp Sandra Harding Norman Melchert Irving Saltzman John Helewa Fred Miller Vernon Sarver T. Henderson John Miller Ruth Saunders Christina Hendricks Francisco Miraval Michael Scanlan Donald Hoepfer Helen Mitchell George Schueler Montey Holloway Donald Morris Ofelia Schutte Ronald Hoy Mary Mulhern Sally Sedgwick Ephraim Ibekwe in Stephen Munzer Daniel Shartin in memory memory of Uche Stephen Nathanson of Montgomery Furth Amadikwa Thomas Neill David Shatz Martin Irvine William Nelson Robert Simon Robert Jacot Robert Newman Rhonda Smith William Jones Marilyn Nissim-Sabat Donald Stanley Robert Jooharigian Bryan Norton Roderick Stewart Mandana Kamangar Joseph Novak April Stokes Richard Kauffman Walter O’Briant Marek Suchocki Jason Kawall Bernadette O’Connor K. Sundaram J. Kellenberger W. Olds Kevin Sweeney Frederic Kellogg Amy Oliver§ William Tait Chin-Tai Kim Thomas Olshewsky Herman Tavani Raymond Kolcaba Roger Paden Victorino Tejera Vernon Kooy Donald Palmer S. C. Thakur Loretta Kopelman George Pappas Dabney Townsend James Kostman Elmo Pascale Robert Tredwell Steven Kuhn Thomas Peard James Tumbusch Christopher Kulp James Perry Ikuo Uozu Edward Lawry Hollibert Phillips Alban Urbanas Hugh Lehman Galen Pletcher William Wainwright Celine Leon Howard Pospesel Donald Walhout Douglas Lewis William Prior Stephen Wall-Smith Douglas Long Peter Radcliff Steven Weber David Lyons Refet Ramiz Charles Weidler Mary Mahowald Charles Reid Gail Weiss§ Rudolf Makkreel Lee Rice Henry West John Malcolm Jerald Richards Andrea Westlund*§ Charles Marks William Robinson Thomas Wilson Joel Marks Thomas Roby Mary Wiseman Rex Martin David Rodahaffer Mary Wrynn Smith Christopher Mbogu Amelie Rorty§ Chris Young Richard McCoun Deborah Rosen Anonymous

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. 02 Oct 2021 at 20:40:01, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use. Epistemology Ernest Sosa

“ There is no alive today whose understanding of epistemology is as detailed, comprehensive, or clear as Ernest Sosa’s. This is a most illuminating and instructive book.” — Ram Neta, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

“ This is without doubt the best advanced epistemology textbook currently available, which is hardly surprising given that it is written by the world’s foremost epistemologist. Essential reading for students and scholars alike.” —Duncan Pritchard, University of Edinburgh

Cloth $29.95 Princeton Foundations of Scott Soames, Series Editor

A Short History of German Philosophy Vittorio Hösle Translated by Steven Rendall

“ Short, lively, and appealing, this book covers the whole of German philosophy, providing clear, crisp outlines laced with humor and vivid imagery. Vittorio Hösle’s pithy summaries capture the most important characteristics of German in a stimulating way. There is nothing quite like this book. It is a literary as much as an intellectual work, and a pleasure to read throughout.” — Jonathan Israel, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton

Cloth $35.00

See our e-books at press.princeton.edu

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Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. 02 Oct 2021 at 20:40:01, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use. Journal of the American Philosophical Association Submission of Manuscripts All submissions to the Journal of the American Philosophical Association must be made through the Journal’s online submission site: http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/j-apa Appearing quarterly in print and online, the Journal of the American Philosophical Association provides a platform for original work in all areas of philosophy. The Journal General enquiries may be sent to the Editor, Professor John Heil. aims to publish compelling papers written in a way that can be appreciated by philosophers Email: [email protected] of every persuasion, to review papers quickly and fairly, encouraging succinct, constructive reports, and to publish papers online within eight weeks of acceptance. Instructions for contributors can be found at: cambridge.org/apa About the American Philosophical Association With more than 9,000 members, the American Philosophical Association (APA) is one of the Institutional Subscription Rates largest philosophical societies in the world. Founded in 1900, the APA promotes the discipline Journal of the American Philosophical Association (ISSN 2053-4477) is published four and profession of philosophy, both within the academy and in the public arena. The APA times a year in Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter. Annual institutional electronic-only supports the professional development of philosophers at all levels and works to foster greater subscription rate (2017) is US$539 in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, UK£337 understanding and appreciation of the value of philosophical inquiry. The APA is based at the elsewhere. Annual institutional print-and-electronic subscription rate (2017) is US$615 University of Delaware. For more information, visit http://www.apaonline.org. in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, UK£386 elsewhere. Periodicals postage rate paid at New York, NY and additional mailing offi ces. EU subscribers (outside the UK) editor who are not registered for VAT should add VAT at their country’s rate. VAT-registered John Heil (University of Washington in St Louis) customers should provide their VAT registration number. Japanese prices for institutions 55 associate editors (including ASP delivery) are available from Kinokuniya Company Ltd., P.O. Box , Chitose, Tokyo 156, Japan. All prices include delivery by air where appropriate. Heather Battaly (California State University, Fullerton) Orders, which must be accompanied by payment, may be sent to a bookseller, Helen Beebee (University of Manchester) Mario De Caro (Roma Tre University and Tufts University) subscription agent or direct to the publisher: Cambridge University Press, Shaftesbury 2 8BS Miranda Fricker (CUNY Graduate Center) Road, Cambridge CB , UK; or in the USA, Canada and Mexico: Cambridge Peter Graham (University of California, Riverside) University Press, Journals Fulfi llment Department, One Liberty Plaza, New York, New David Rasmussen (Boston College) York 10006, USA. Tad Schmaltz (University of Michigan) Individual members of the American Philosophical Association (APA) receive the Peter Vallentyne (University of Missouri) Journal as part of their membership. For information on the APA, its activities and on becoming a member, please visit: http://www.apaonline.org/ advisory editors Robert Audi (University of Notre Dame) Copying Ruth Chang (Rutgers University) Daniel Garber (Princeton University) Permission to copy (for users in the U.S.A.) is available from Copyright Clearance Robert Gooding-Williams (Columbia University) Center http://www.copyright.com, email: [email protected]. Organizations Verity Harte (Yale University) authorized by the Copyright Licensing Agency may also copy material subject to the Sara Heinämaa (University of Helsinki) usual conditions. For all other use, permission should be sought from Cambridge or Frank Jackson (Australian National University) from the North American Branch of Cambridge University Press. Pauline Kleingeld (University of Groningen) Dominic McIver Lopes (University of British Columbia) This journal has been printed on FSC-certifi ed paper and cover board. FSC is an Frederick Neuhouser (Barnard College, Columbia University) independent, non-governmental, non-for-profi t organization established to promote the Kwong-loi Shun (University of California, Berkeley) responsible management of the world’s forests. Please see www.fsc.org for information. Susanna Siegel (Harvard University) Elliott Sober (University of Wisconsin) © American Philosophical Association, 2016 Eleonore Stump (St Louis University) Ken Taylor (Stanford University) Manuel Vargas (University of San Francisco) Timothy Williamson (University of Oxford) David Wong (Duke University) Alison Wylie (University of Washington)

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220534477_2-4.indd0534477_2-4.indd 2 117/03/177/03/17 4:084:08 PMPM Journal of the A VOLUME 2 ISSUE 4 Journal of the WINTER 2016 ISSN 2053-4477 AmericanAmerican

PhilosophicalPhilosophical merican Philosophical Association Journal of the AssociationAssociation

volume 2 | issue 4 | 2016

ARTICLES Aging as a Normative Phenomenon 505 Samuel Scheffl er Reid on the Autonomy of : From Active Power to Moral 523 Nonnaturalism Terence Cuneo and Randall Harp Is Having Your Computer Compromised a Personal Assault? 542 The Ethics of Extended Cognition J. Adam Carter and S. Orestis Palermos Aristotle on Accidental Causation 561 Tyler Huismann VOLUME 2 Ingrouping, Outgrouping, and the Pragmatics of Peripheral Speech 576 Cassie Herbert and Rebecca Kukla Second-Personal Desire 597

Adam Leite . ISSUE 4 Nature, Purpose, and Norm: A Program in American Philosophy 617 Preston Stovall

‘Terrible Purity’: Peter Singer, Harriet McBryde Johnson, 637 .

and the Moral Signifi cance of the Particular WINTER Mark Hopwood 2016

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