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How to Get a Norm from a Speech Act Rae Langton
How to Get a Norm from a Speech Act Rae Langton The Amherst Lecture in Philosophy lectureP 10, 2015 http://www.amherstlecture.org/ the amherst lecture in philosophyP Lecture 10, 2015 How to Get a Norm from a Speech Act Rae Langton Preferred citation Langton, Rae. “How to Get a Norm from a Speech Act.” The Amherst Lecture in Philosophy 10 (2015): 1–33. <http://www.amherstlecture.org/langton2015/>. Abstract Doing things with words can create an ought that was not there before: Jones makes a promise, a master orders a slave. With the former example, Searle ‘derived’ an ought from an is. With the latter, Lewis showed that permissibility follows a ‘rule of accommodation’. The parallel between promise and order suggests that norms, good and bad, can be got from speech acts by accommodation: what is said ‘requires and thereby creates’ what is required, given certain conditions. Authority is such a condition: of a slave master, a desert island leader, a doctor, a quack doctor, a father, or a presidential candidate who ‘normalizes’ a behaviour. Authority can be pre-established, or gained by accommodation. It can be practical, or epistemic. It can belong to the speaker, or be outsourced. These cross-cutting distinctions allow for weakened authority, but a power to enact directives remains. Hearers can assist: in a two-part process, hearers accommodate presupposed authority, which in turn accommodates a speech act, cre- ating a norm. As hearers we may need, sometimes, to stop helping. The Amherst Lecture in Philosophy (ISSN: 1559-7199) is a free on-line journal, published by the Department of Philosophy, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002. -
Feminist Perspectives on Dependency Eva Feder Kittay and Ellen K. Feder (Eds.) Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham, 2002, 336Pp
Contemporary Political Theory, 2004, 3, (358–360) r 2004 Palgrave Macmillan Ltd 1470-8914/04 $30.00 www.palgrave-journals.com/cpt The Subject of Care: Feminist Perspectives on Dependency Eva Feder Kittay and Ellen K. Feder (eds.) Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham, 2002, 336pp. ISBN:0742513637. Contemporary Political Theory (2004) 3, 358–360. doi:10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300147 Before freedom, there is dependency. With dependency comes the need for care. But who exactly does the bulk of life’s caretaking? Why has caretaking work frequently gone unacknowledged as real ‘labor’ (and how have gender, race and class affected its treatment)? Can contemporary political theory effectively displace the ideologically-driven fiction of the citizen as a self- sufficient, independent individual and develop more secure principles and rights to protect dependents and their caretakers? The 16 contributors to this volume raise such questions and insist upon collective attentiveness to the impoverishment and exploitation that often marks the lives of caretakers and their ‘charges’. While tackling many issues from a distinctly feminist perspective, these contributors also provide reflections and proposals that are essential readingfor any political theorist, philosopher or activist currently committed to a substantive vision of freedom and a progressive approach to social justice. Part I provides conceptual analysis and historical insights into the meaning of dependency. Nancy Fraser and Linda Gordon’s notable genealogy explores ‘registers’ of dependency (related to economic, sociological, political and moral-psychological conditions (p. 16)) and how normative claims about those who appear dependent have shifted over time, especially in relation to the dominant discourse of liberal capitalism. -
Cognitive Disability, Capabilities, and Justice Serene Khader Stony Brook University
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CommonKnowledge Essays in Philosophy Volume 9 Article 11 Issue 1 Philosophy of Disability 1-2008 Cognitive Disability, Capabilities, and Justice Serene Khader Stony Brook University Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.pacificu.edu/eip Part of the Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Khader, Serene (2008) "Cognitive Disability, Capabilities, and Justice," Essays in Philosophy: Vol. 9: Iss. 1, Article 11. Essays in Philosophy is a biannual journal published by Pacific nivU ersity Library | ISSN 1526-0569 | http://commons.pacificu.edu/eip/ Essays in Philosophy Essays in Philosophy A Biannual Journal Vol. 9, No. 1, January 2008 Cognitive Disability, Capabilities, and Justice Abstract: I argue that capabilities approaches are useful in formulating a political theory that takes seriously the needs of persons with severe cognitive disabilities (PSCD). I establish three adequacy criteria for theories of justice that take seriously the needs of PSCD: A) understanding PSCD as oppressed, B) positing a single standard of what is owed to PSCD abled individuals, and C) concern with flourishing as well as political liberty. I claim that conceiving valued capabilities as the end of social distribution may help a political theory to meet these criteria. I posit three further adequacy criteria: D) refusing to see PSCD as less than human, E) valuing moral powers other than practical reason, and F) securing space for care and dependency relationships. I show that how well Elizabeth Anderson and Martha Nussbaum’s capabilities approaches meet these criteria depends on their divergent conceptions of what capabilities are for. -
Autonomy, Relationality, and Feminist Ethics
Autonomy, Relationality, and Feminist Ethics JEAN KELLER While care ethics has frequently been criticized for lacking an account ofauton- omy, this paper argues that care ethics’ relational model of moral agency provides the basis for criticizing the philosophical tradttion’s model of autonomy and for rethinking autonomy in relational terms. Using Diana Meyers’s account of autonomy compe- tency as a basis, a dialogical model of autonomy is developed that can respond to internal and external critiques of care ethics. Care ethics has frequently been criticized for failing to address how women’s practice of care places women’s autonomy in jeopardy. The question of the implications of care ethics for our conception of autonomy, however, has been asked less frequently.’ This is the question that concerns me here. After first examining the general terrain of the “autonomy-care ethics debate,” focusing on the difficulties that autonomy and care ethics pose for one another,’ I turn to my central concern: laying the groundwork for a relational model of autonomy. Although it is still unclear whether care ethics will survive as the feminist ethic of the future, it would appear that whatever shape feminist ethics ends up taking, it will incorporate a relational model of moral agency. That is, the insight that the moral agent is an “encumbered self,” who is always already embedded in relations with flesh-and-blood others and is partly constituted by these relations, is here to stay. Thus, although my analysis addresses care ethics in particular, to the extent that other feminist approaches to ethics also rely on a relational model of moral agency, the issues raised here will, I hope, be relevant to feminist ethics more generall~.~ Hyptia vol. -
Narrative Ethics and Vulnerability Kristeva and Ricoeur on Interdependence
Narrative Ethics and Vulnerability Kristeva and Ricoeur on Interdependence Elizabeth Purcell Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy - Revue de la philosophie française et de langue française, Vol XXI, No 1 (2013) pp 43-59 Vol XXI, No 1 (2013) ISSN 1936-6280 (print) ISSN 2155-1162 (online) DOI 10.5195/jffp.2013.575 www.jffp.org This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. This journal is operated by the University Library System of the University of Pittsburgh as part of its D-Scribe Digital Publishing Program, and is co-sponsored by the UniversityJournal of Pittsburgh of French and Press Francophone Philosophy | Revue de la philosophie française et de langue française Vol XXI, No 1 (2013) | www.jffp.org | DOI 10.5195/jffp.2013.575 Narrative Ethics and Vulnerability Kristeva and Ricoeur on Interdependence Elizabeth Purcell Boston College Introduction The passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990 led to the need to define disability and to define the experiences of those with disabilities. Because people with disabilities have been considered to “deviate” from the able-bodied norm and have been systematically oppressed, there came a need to redefine disability in response to the cultural and medical narratives that historically associated disability with defectiveness, insufficiency, and imperfection.1 With the aid of medicine, the goal was to cure the disability and return the body to its original, healthy state. Thus, the body that “has the ‘right’ number of smoothly functional limbs and organs,” does not “drool, spasm, jerk, wheeze, wheel, limp, stutter, piss, or fart uncontrollably either in private or public realms.”2 The power to define and regulate impairment, disorder, malfunction, disfigurement, or dysfunction in either the body or the brain, lay in the hands of medical practitioners. -
Self-Narrative, Feminist Theory and Writing Practice
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ResearchArchive at Victoria University of Wellington ON SHIFTING GROUND: Self-narrative, feminist theory and writing practice By Anne Else A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington 2006 To Susan Moller Okin 1946-2004 Abstract This thesis centres on a problem that stands at the heart of feminist theory: how women may come to understand themselves as speaking subjects located within historically specific, discursive social structures, to question those structures aloud, and to seek to change them. It combines self-narrative, feminist theory and writing practice to make sense of a body of published work which I produced between 1984 and 1999, with a consistent focus on some form of gendered discourse, by setting it in its personal, historical, and theoretical contexts. Although the thesis is built around published work, it is not primarily about results or outcomes, but rather about a set of active historical processes. Taking the form of a spirally structured critical autobiography spanning five and a half decades, it traces how one voice of what I have termed feminist oppositional imagining has emerged and taken its own worded shape. First, it constructs a double story of coming to writing and coming to feminism, in order to explore the formation of a writing subject and show the critical importance of the connections between subjectivity and oppositional imagining, and to highlight the need to find ways of producing knowledge which do not rely on the notion of the detached observer. -
In This Issue of KRITIKE: an Online Journal of Philosophy
KRITIKE VOLUME FIVE NUMBER TWO (DECEMBER 2011) i-iii Editorial In this Issue of KRITIKE: An Online Journal of Philosophy Roland Theuas DS. Pada hilology of the future! An insult thrown at Friedrich Nietzsche by his contemporary philologist, Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, whose P polemics dampened the reception of Nietzsche’s The Birth of Tragedy, is one of the reasons why philosophy should be keenly aware with the difference between the idea of doing philosophy and understanding philosophy. On the one hand, doing philosophy in the sense of elucidation and exposition falls at the border between doing philosophy and philology. On the other hand, contributing something different to a discourse is one of the ways in which philosophy is able to live on and move towards the future. On a related note, the movement of philosophy is dynamic and unpredictable, a discourse at one time may be in vogue or in fashion, only to be eventually left as archive fodder. This is not to say that what we leave in an archive is entirely useless, rather this assertion speaks more of how we should overcome the very shoulders in which we erected our own philosophical edifice. Just as Heidegger had the anxiety of overcoming Kant in Sein und Zeit, and Derrida moving beyond Heidegger’s Destruktion, we must continue to think about the future of philosophy and to maintain an invisible thread that can tie and connect other discourses and disciplines together. I am very ecstatic to present the following papers for the tenth issue of KRITIKE: An Online Journal of Philosophy. -
Eva-Feder-Kittay-CV-2014.Pdf
EVA FEDER KITTAY email: [email protected] [email protected] web: http://www.stonybrook.edu/commcms/philosophy/people/faculty_pages/kittay.html https://sbsuny.academia.edu/EvaKittay TEACHING POSITIONS Stony Brook University/SUNY, Department of Philosophy, 2009, Distinguished Professor Stony Brook University/SUNY, Department of Philosophy, 1993-2009, Professor. Senior Fellow, Center for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics, Stony Brook University/ SUNY, 2008-present. Policy Ethics and Life Sciences Research Centre, Newcastle University, New Castle, UK, Visiting Professor, Spring 2011, Spring 2012 Women’s Studies Associate, Stony Brook University/SUNY, 2000-present. Sarah Lawrence College, Department of Philosophy, Fall, 1993, Visiting Professor. SUNY at Stony Brook, Department of Philosophy, 1986-1993, Associate Professor. SUNY at Stony Brook, Department of Philosophy, 1979-86, Assistant Professor. University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Philosophy, 1978-79, Visiting Assistant Professor. Lehman College, CUNY, Department of Philosophy, Fall 1975, Fall 1974. Adjunct Lecturer. John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY, Department of Philosophy, Spring 1975. Adjunct Lecturer. Outreach program at precinct house. EDUCATION Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, Philosophy, B.A. 1967. CUNY, Graduate School and University Center, New York, New York, Ph.D. 1978. Honors: Philosophy of Science. Dissertation: "The Cognitive Force of Metaphor." Dissertation Advisor: Peter Caws. HONORS, AWARDS AND GRANTS Guggenheim Fellowship (January, 2014-December 2014. NEH Fellowship (January 1, 2013-December 31, 2013) Lebowitz Prize Philosophical Achievement and Contribution awarded by the Phi Beta Kappa and American Philosophical Association, $28,000, 2013. Lifetime Achievement Award, Center for Discovery, Harris, New York, 2011. APA Grant for Philosophy in an Inclusive Key Summer Institute, an initiative of the Association of Feminist Ethics and Social Theory. -
PGR Faculty List 2021 ALL Departments 24August2021 Draft
Faculty Lists fall 2021 Email: [email protected] for corrections. Current update: 8/24/2021 #=75 or older in 2021 (* was over 70 in 2017 list) Part-time faculty are half-time, unless otherwise noted. UNITED STATES (the top 50 will be ranked) FACULTY # Arizona Faculty: Sara Aronowitz, Thomas Christiano, Stewart Cohen, Juan Comesaña, Reza Hadisi, RiChard Healey, Laura, Howard, J. Christopher Maloney, MiChael McKenna, Bill OberdiCK, Guido PinCione, Marga Reimer, Daniel Russell, Carolina Sartorio, David SChmidtz, Houston Smit, MarK Timmons, Joseph Tolliver, Jason Turner, Steven Wall, Jonathan Weinberg. Part-time faculty: *Allen Buchanan (.25 time) Cognate faculty and philosophers in other units: Martin FriCKe, Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini, Christopher Robertson, Simone Sepe. FACULTY # Arizona State Faculty: RiChard Amesbury, Brad Armendt, Thomas BlaCKson, Cheshire Calhoun, Peter de Marneffe, Typer DesRoChes, MarCello Di Bello, Peter Kung, Joan MCGregor, Shyam Nair, Ben Phillips, Nestor Ángel Pinillos, Douglas W. Portmore, Maura Priest, Steven Reynolds. Part-time faculty: Cognate faculty and philosophers in other units: RiChard Creath, Tyler DesRoChes, ZaChary Horne, Ted Humphrey, PatriCia J. Huntingon, Manfred LaubiChler, Jane MainesChein, Martin BeCK MatuštíK, Ben A. Minteer, *Jeffrie G. Murphy, BeCKett Sterner, Jason Robert, Hava Tirosh-Samuelson, Norbert Samuelson, BeCKett Sterner. FACULTY # BerKeley Faculty: Olivia Bailey, John Campbell, Timothy ClarKe, Shamik Dasgupta, Johann FriCK, Hannah Ginsborg, Florian Grosser, Wesley H. Holliday, NiKo Kolodny, Geoffrey Lee, John MaCFarlane, Paolo ManCosu, Alva Noë, Andreja NovaKoviC, Kristin Primus, R. Jay WallaCe, Daniel Warren, Seth Yalcin, Xueyin (Snow) Zhang. Part-time Faculty: Joshua Cohen (.25 time), MiChael (M.G.F.) Martin, Veronique Munoz Darde, Kwong-Loi Shun. Cognate Faculty and Philosophers in Other Units: Asad Q. -
How Propaganda Works How Works
HOW PROPAGANDA WORKS HOW WORKS PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS JASON STANLEY Princeton Oxford Copyright © 2015 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu Jacket design by Chris Ferrante Excerpts from Victor Kemperer, The Language of the Third Reich: LTI, Lingua Tertii Imperii, translated by Martin Brady © Reclam Verlag Leipzig, 1975. Used by permission of Bloomsbury Academic, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. All Rights Reserved ISBN 978– 0– 691– 16442– 7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2014955002 British Library Cataloging- in- Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Sabon Next LT Pro and League Gothic Printed on acid- free paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This will always remain one of the best jokes of democracy, that it gave its deadly enemies the means by which it was destroyed. — JOSEPH GOEBBELS, REICH MINISTER OF PROPAGANDA, 1933– 45 CONTENTS Preface IX Introduction: The Problem of Propaganda 1 1 Propaganda in the History of Political Thought 27 2 Propaganda Defined 39 3 Propaganda in Liberal Democracy 81 4 Language as a Mechanism of Control 125 5 Ideology 178 6 Political Ideologies 223 7 The Ideology of Elites: A Case Study 269 Conclusion 292 Acknowledgments 295 Notes 305 Bibliography 335 Index 347 PREFACE In August 2013, after almost a decade of teaching at Rutgers University and living in apartments in New York City, my wife Njeri Thande and I moved to a large house in New Haven, Connecticut, to take up positions at Yale University. -
Stony Brook University
SSStttooonnnyyy BBBrrrooooookkk UUUnnniiivvveeerrrsssiiitttyyy The official electronic file of this thesis or dissertation is maintained by the University Libraries on behalf of The Graduate School at Stony Brook University. ©©© AAAllllll RRRiiiggghhhtttsss RRReeessseeerrrvvveeeddd bbbyyy AAAuuuttthhhooorrr... Vulnerability’s Demands: Need and the Relational Self A Dissertation Presented by Katharine Wolfe to The Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy Stony Brook University December 2015 Stony Brook University The Graduate School Katharine Wolfe We, the dissertation committee for the above candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, hereby recommend acceptance of this dissertation. Eva Kittay Distinguished Professor, Philosophy Edward S. Casey Distinguished Professor, Philosophy Anne O’Byrne Associate Professor, Philosophy Gabrielle Jackson Assistant Professor, Philosophy Susan J. Brison Professor of Philosophy, Dartmouth College This dissertation is accepted by the Graduate School Charles Taber Dean of the Graduate School ii Abstract of the Dissertation Vulnerability’s Demands by Katharine Wolfe Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy Stony Brook University 2015 Persons, in the words of Annette Baier, are “essentially second persons” (“Cartesian Persons” 1981, 172). Not only are we ‘second persons’ insofar as personhood arises through a childhood in the care of others, and insofar as each of us is born new in an old world where our entry has always been preceded by others; persons are also second persons insofar as we each know ourselves as a ‘you’ before knowing ourselves as an ‘I’. This work explores one strand of what it means for the self to be thus bound to others. A self so bound is a self that not only experiences deep needs for the care of others but that is also able to experience a robust set of needs to care for others, many of which take the form of second person needs. -
Ayala Structural Explanation Norms
A structural explanation of injustice in conversations: It’s about norms Saray Ayala-López California State University Sacramento – [email protected] Draft. Forthcoming in Pacific Philosophical Quarterly. Abstract In contrast to individualistic explanations of social injustice that appeal to implicit attitudes, structural explanations are unintuitive: they appeal to entities that lack clear ontological status, and the explanatory mechanism is similarly unclear. This makes structural explanations unappealing. The present work proposes a structural explanation of one type of injustice that happens in conversations, discursive injustice. This proposal meets two goals. First, it satisfactorily accounts for the specific features of this particular kind of injustice; and second, it articulates a structural explanation that overcomes their unattractiveness. The main idea is that discursive injustice is not the result of biased interlocutors, but of problematic discursive norms. 0. Intro In the current debate on explanations of social injustice we find two important elements. First, individuals’ explicit and implicit attitudes towards those who are the target of injustice; and second, social structures and the material reality beyond individuals’ minds that constraint individuals’ judgements, decisions and actions. Depending on the explanatory weight given to each of these elements, explanations of social injustice lean towards either the individualistic or the structural side of the spectrum. Individualistic approaches proceed by identifying causally relevant mental states in individuals’ minds. Jennifer Saul (2013), for example, has argued that what 1 explains the underrepresentation of women in philosophy is, at least in part, implicit bias, that might result, amongst other things, in unfair evaluations of women philosophers’ work. Implicit attitudes have also been said to explain racial/ethnic health disparities (e.g.