Full time and part time citizens. Sources for conflict and co-operation. A civil servant viewpoint. Cases of Pärnu County and Kihnu Island,

Urmas Kase Head of Development Section, Pärnu Maavalitsus (Pärnu County Government) [email protected]

14.05.2014, Pärnu Prologue 1

• Professional thinking: academical approach vs. practical experiences • Background – weakness towards islands • Kihnu Island Estonian islands Source: Estonian Ministry of the Interior Prologue 2

• The Association of Estonian Islands (Eesti Saarte Kogu) – est. 1992 • 2003: decision by UNESCO about Kihnu cultural space – World Heritage List • 2004: law about permanently inhabited small islands

Estonian (domestic) regional programmes: • 1994-2004: Islands’s programmes - twice • 2005-2006: additional financing by Regional Minister • Kihnu Regional programme 2007-2010 • Since 2011 – Small Islands’s Programme Counties of Estonia The settlement system of Estonia Source: University of Tartu / Statistics Estonia Migration saldo by local authorities Source: University of Tartu / Statistics Estonia Working commuting flows Source: Statistics Estonia Commuting areas of Estonia Source: Estonian Ministry of the Interior

Tallinn 47935, Tartu 12519, Rae 5657, Pärnu 5633, Jõhvi 4310 Commuting during summertime Source: University of Tartu – Rein Ahas, Siiri Silm / Estonian Ministry of the Interior: 14.05.2013 Administrative distribution of Pärnu County in 2014

Pärnu County comprised of 19 local authorities of equal status

Pärnu town is the largest administrative unit with 40,000 inhabitants.

The population of other local authorities is between 500 (Kihnu) and 5,600 (Audru) Theme planning “The social infrastructure of Pärnu County 2008-2015“ Transport system of Pärnu county

The Via Baltica Highway (E67), the most important highway of the Baltic countries runs through the county for about 90km. Railways – Tallinn-Pärnu railway goes through north part of Pärnu county / Rail Baltic in future Airports - Pärnu airport (EEPU) has a certificate of international flights. There is an airfield in Kihnu Island. Ports - The Port of Pärnu is the main sea gateway for South Estonia. The yacht harbour was the first one in Eastern Europe to receive the Blue Flag. Population changes in Pärnu county, 2000-2011 Source: Population census 2011, Statistics Estonia Migration saldo with Pärnu county, 2010-2012 Source: Statistics Estonia County Migration County Migration saldo with saldo Pärnu with county Pärnu county Viljandi +166 Põlva +10

Järva +86 Jõgeva +5

Lääne +78 Võru +4

Rapla +62 Hiiu -6

Ida-Viru +37 Saare -30

Valga +25 Tartu -83

Lääne-Viru +24 Harju -317

Foreign countries -1373 Total -1809 Full time and part time citizens – sources for conclict and co-operation 1 Example of Greater Pärnu area

• Identity: 40 000 vs. 53 000 vs. 83 000 vs. 400 000

• Taxation

• Public transport

• Theme planning

• Urban areas programme 2014-2020

• Administrative reform Dilemmas for Pärnu town:

nice urban milieu vs. industrial areas? local citizens vs. owners of summer (second) flats? vs.visitors? Kihnu Island Fishery Fleet of fishing vessels: Pärnu county 382 (25% of whole-Estonian fleet - 1558) 1) Kihnu 63 2) Lindi 58 3) Liu 47 4) Pärnu 43 5) Vana-Sauga (Pärnu) 42 6) Võiste 32 7) 27 8) Manija 17 9) Raeküla 12 10) 11 11) 8 12) Matsi 5 13) Audru 4 14) Japs 3 15) Marksa, Kavaru 2 16) , Kastna, Metsapoole, Pärnu River, Tori, 1 Source: Estonian Registry of Fishing Vessels – 15.03.2012 Full time and part time citizens – sources for conclict and co-operation 2 Example of Kihnu Island Trends: • Decreasing population: 1200 vs. 480 • Decreasing fishery • Future of traditonal fishing villages – Swedish example • Increasing tourism

Challenges: • Identity and culture – 480 vs. 720 vs. 20 000 • Taxation • Public transport • Tourism development vs. summer (second) housing • Vision Population prognosis until 2015 (2025) – Pärnu county 1

Kohalik oma- Rahvaarv Rahvaarv Prognoos Stat.ameti Rahvaarv Reg.registri valitsus 01.01. 01.01. 2010 rahvaarv 01.01.2010 rahvaarv 2001 2010 prognoosi- (Rahvastiku- prognoosi- (Statistika- (Statistika- tust, % register) tust, % amet) amet)

Pärnu l. 45 282 44 083 43 080 102,3 43 611 101,2

Sindi 4150 3979 4183 94,9 4248 101,5

Are 1349 1327 1275 103,9 1284 100,7

Audru 4892 4850 5255 91,6 5503 104,5

Halinga 3551 3415 3392 100,7 3239 95,3

Häädemeeste 3217 3056 3005 101,7 2884 95,8

Kihnu 511 489 471 103,7 692 131,9

Koonga 1350 1289 1204 106,6 1260 104,4

Lavassaare 556 535 555 96,3 537 96,6

Paikuse 2977 3080 3396 90,7 3867 112,2 Population prognosis until 2015 (2025) – Pärnu county 2

Kohalik oma- 01.01. 01.01. Prognoos Stati.ameti Rahvaarv Reg.registri valitsus 2001 2010 2010 rahvaarv (Rahvastiku- rahvaarv (Statistika- (Statistika- prognoosi- register) prognoosi- amet) amet) tust, % tust, % Saarde 5368 5089 4768 106,3 4629 97,0

Sauga 2542 2614 2942 87,5 3740 121,4

Surju 1033 1012 1041 97,1 1082 103,8

Tahkuranna 2025 2016 2228 10,5 2329 104,3

Tootsi 1054 937 886 105,4 860 97,0

Tori 2600 2538 2621 96,7 2544 97,0

Tõstamaa 1652 1557 1605 96,9 1490 92,3

Varbla 1061 973 911 106,4 966 105,7

Vändra v. 2597 3097 3052 101,5 2599 82,6

Vändra a. 2649 2492 2367 105,0 3034 122,0

Pärnumaa 90 998 88 428 86 290 102,4 90 498 104,7 Small local authorities Source: Population register

90

79 80

70

60

50

39 40

31 30

20 18 15 12 10 7 3 3 3 2 3 2 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 Solutions? Administrative reform 1 Proposals about borders of Pärnu town Administrative reform 2 Administrative reform 3 Administrative reform 4 Administrative reform 5 Local centres’s system of Estonia Source: Estonian Ministry of the Interior KESKUSTE KOOSMÕJU PÕHJA PÄRNUMAA ÜMBERSÕIDU ARENGUVÖÖND PERSPEKTIIVNE MAJANDUSRUUM VÄNDRA PÄRNU-JAAGUPI

KESKUSTE KOOSMÕJU ARENGUVÖÖND

IDEE: HANSA VEETEE TURISMIRUUM LÄÄNERANNIKU MAJANDUSRUUM

TÕSTAMAA ? PÄRNU IDEE: VIA LIVONICA - LÕUNA EESTI TELG PÄRNU - VILJANDI - TARTU OTSEÜHENDUS

KIHNU-VÄINA MEREPARK KESKUSTE KOOSMÕJU ARENGUVÖÖND KESKUSTE KOOSMÕJU ARENGUVÖÖND KILINGI-NÕMME

HÄÄDEMEESTE Finally – pictures about future National Spatial Plan Estonia 2030+: daily activity spaces Source: Estonian Ministry of the Interior National Spatial Plan Estonia 2030+: basic structure of the transport network in 2030 Source: Estonian Ministry of the Interior Final recommendations

1. Theory

2. Listen colleagues

3. Be critical about statistical data

4. “Black swan”

5. Trust your common sense Thank you for your attention!