Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques – Centre Administratif Pierre Werner LUXEMBOURG 13, rue Erasme B.P. 304 L - 2013 Luxembourg IN FIGURES +352 247 - 84219 [email protected] – www.statec.lu

September 2019 ISSN 1019-6448x 2019 Reproduction only authorized if the source is mentioned.

Photo de couverture: Shutterstock.com Printing: Imprimerie Centrale, Luxembourg CONTENTS

TERRITORY & ENVIRONMENT...... 2 Territory & Climate...... 3

Environment & Energy...... 5

POPULATION & LABOUR MARKET...... 9 Population...... 9

Labour Market...... 13

SOCIAL CONDITIONS...... 15 Social life...... 15

Social security & Health...... 17

Accidents...... 18

Crime...... 19

Education...... 19

Politics...... 20

Culture & Travelling...... 21

ENTERPRISES...... 23 Demography & Structure...... 23

Agriculture, Forestry & Wine-growing...... 25

Industry & Construction...... 27

Tourism...... 29

Transport...... 30

Financial services...... 32

Sciences & Technology...... 34

ECONOMY & FINANCES...... 35 National accounts & Public finances...... 35

External trade...... 38

Prices & Inflation...... 42

International comparison...... 45 TERRITORY & ENVIRONMENT

The 12 cantons of Luxembourg

Clervaux Germany

Wiltz Vianden

Diekirch

Redange Echternach Mersch

Grevenmacher

Belgium Capellen Luxembourg

Remich Esch-sur-Alzette

France

2 Territory

Geographical survey Total area of the Grand Duchy 2,586 km2 100% Area of the two natural regions in the north: Éislek (Oesling) 828 km2 32% in the south: Guttland (Good country) 1,758 km2 68%

Dimensions North-South East-West Maximum 82 km 57 km

Length of the border Total length 356 km with France 73 km with Germany 135 km with Belgium 148 km

Altitudes Maximum (Wilwerdange) 560 m Minimum (Wasserbillig) 130 m Luxembourg-City 300 m

Land use in 2018

Road-net, railway network, etc. Watercourses and waterbody 4.5% 0.6%

Agricultural and wooded area 85.2%

Built-up area 9.7%

3 Climate

Luxembourg-City January April July October 12 months Average 1981-2010 Temperature (in °C) Average 1.4 8.9 18.6 9.7 9.6 Maximum 11.3 22.9 32.7 21.7 21.9 Minimum -10.1 -3.0 6.8 -1.4 -2.0 Relative humidity (in %) 86.9 71.7 71.0 85.0 79.1 Hours of sunshine 45.7 166.9 229.8 100.2 1,568.1

Rainfalls and temperatures in Luxembourg-City

Temperature in °C Rainfall in mm

25 200 180 20 160 140 15 120 10 100 80 5 60 40 0 20 -5 0 April July May June March January August February October December November September Rainfall (1981-2010) Rainfall 2018 Temperature (1981-2010) Temperature 2018

4 Environment

Air pollution EU Norm 2010 2017 2018 µg/m³ Protection of the human health Highest recorded value 1 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 40 59 45 42 Nitrogen oxides 301 21 16 16 (NOx=NO+NO2, in rural area) 1 Particulate matter (PM10, <10 µm) 40 25 24 21 2,3 2,4 Ozone (O3) 180 / 240 202 245 220 Carbon monoxide (CO) 10,0005 1,020 1,140 999

1 annual average 2 hourly average 3 information threshold for the population (1 hour) 4 alert threshold (3 consecutive hours) 5 average over 8 hours

Status of water bodies 2009 2015 in % Ecological status good 7 3 moderate 52 66 poor 26 23 bad 16 8 Chemical status good 70 - not good 30 100 Hydromorphological status good 63 - moderate 20 2 poor 16 31 bad 2 67

5 Woodland cover

< 10 %

10-19 %

20-29 %

30-39 %

40-49 %

≥ 50 %

Forest 2000 2010 2000 2010 in hectares in % Wooded land 91,450 91,400 100.0 100.0 Public forest 40,950 42,000 44.8 46.0 Private forest 50,500 49,400 55.2 54.0

6 Forest health status

Trees with no damage Trees slightly damaged Trees considerably damaged

2000 2000 2000 43.6% 33.0% 23.4%

2016 2016 2016 28.6% 33.1% 38.3%

2018 2018 2018 31.8% 36.8% 31.4%

Wastes 2000 2010 2016 2017 in 1,000 tonnes Total (without inert wastes) 285.26 344.26 354.62 366.53 of which: Household wastes 238.85 300.01 310.89 321.71

in % recycling 21.6 26.9 27.8 28.5 composting 14.2 19.5 20.7 21.7 incineration with energy recovery 43.2 37.7 45.3 43.3 disposal1 21.0 15.8 6.3 6.4

in kg Household wastes per capita 547 592 533 540 1 before biological treatment

7 Energy

Final consumption of energy 2010 2016 2017 2017 in 1,000 tons oil equivalent in % of the total By product Coal products 67 52 45 1.1 Natural gas (NCV) 675 628 618 14.8 Electricity 567 547 550 13.1 Heat 73 58 66 1.6 Oil products 2,839 2,596 2,721 65.0 Other (wood, biofuel) 108 160 184 4.4

By use Transport 2,630 2,434 2,557 61.1 Industries 755 674 642 15.3 Households 511 526 522 12.5 Services 425 402 457 10.9 Agriculture 8 6 6 0.2 Total 4,328 4,042 4,184 100.0

8 POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT

Population structure

Population censuses 1991 2001 2011 20191 x 1,000 Total population 384.4 439.5 512.4 613.9 of which: Women 196.1 223.0 257.4 305.2 Luxembourgers 271.4 277.2 291.9 322.4 Foreigners 113.0 162.3 220.5 291.5 of which: Portuguese 39.1 58.7 82.4 95.5 French 13.0 20.0 31.5 46.9 Italians 19.5 19.0 18.1 22.5 Belgians 10.1 14.8 16.9 20.0 Germans 8.8 10.1 12.0 13.0 Other EU countries 13.3 17.2 30.9 48.2 Other 9.2 22.5 28.7 45.4

Foreigners in % 29.4 36.9 43.0 47.5

1 based on the population register on 1st January

Evolution of total, luxembourgish and foreign population in 1,000 inhabitants 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Total population Luxembourgers Foreigners

9 Total population by age group on January 1st, 2019

Men Women +90 85-89 80-84 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 in % of total population

Life expectancy 1990/92 2000/02 2010/12 2016/18 Age Males 72.6 74.8 78.6 80.0 Females 79.1 81.0 83.4 84.5

Population by age groups 1991 2001 2011 20191 in % Working age (15 to 64 years) 68.4 67.2 68.7 69.5 of which: Women (15 to 64 years) 33.7 33.2 33.8 34.0 Children (0 to 14 years) 17.3 18.9 17.3 16.1 of which: Girls (0 to 14 years) 8.4 9.2 8.4 7.8 Third age (65 years and more) 14.3 13.9 14.0 14.4 of which: Women (65 years and more) 8.2 8.3 8.0 7.9

1 based on the population register on 1st January

10 Population movement 2000 2010 2017 2018 Live births 5,723 5,874 6,174 6,274 of which: Girls 2,745 2,914 3,003 3,078 Luxembourgers 2,917 3,029 3,277 3,195 Foreigners 2,806 2,845 2,897 3,079 Births per 1,000 inhabitants 13.1 11.6 10.3 10.3 Luxembourgers 10.6 10.5 10.4 10.0 Foreigners 17.3 13.0 10.1 10.6 Total fertility rate 1.78 1.63 1.39 1.38

Deaths 3,749 3,760 4,263 4,318 of which: Women 1,859 1,857 2,132 2,123 Luxembourgers 3,202 3,049 3,284 3,298 Foreigners 547 711 979 1,020 Deaths by some main causes Diseases of the circulatory system 1,442 1,256 … … Neoplasms 991 1,061 … … Suicides 66 74 … … Deaths < 1 year 29 20 20 27 Rates per 1,000 live births 5.1 3.4 3.2 4.3

Natural increase 1,969 2,114 1,911 1,956 Luxembourgers -290 -20 -7 -103 Foreigners 2,259 2,134 1,918 2,059

Marriages 2,148 1,749 1,908 1,896 of which: Same sex marriages - - 42 48 Divorces 1,030 1,083 1,192 1,230

Naturalisations 684 4,311 9, 030 11,876

Births Number of children Deaths in 2018 per woman in 2018 in 2018 6,274 1.38 4,318

Mean age at birth of first child in 2018 30.8

11 The most populated municipalities 1991 2001 2011 20191 x 1,000 Luxembourg-City 75.8 76.7 95.1 119.2 Esch-sur-Alzette 24.0 27.2 30.1 35.4 Differdange 15.7 18.2 21.9 26.8 Dudelange 14.7 17.3 18.8 21.1 Pétange 12.4 13.7 16.1 19.2 Sanem 11.6 13.0 14.5 17.3 Hesperange 9.9 10.4 13.3 15.5 Bettembourg 8.0 9.1 9.8 11.2 Schifflange 6.9 7.8 8.9 11.2 Käerjeng 6.7 8.7 9.7 10.4

1 based on the population register on 1st January

Households, buildings 1970 1991 2011 2018 x 1,000 Private households 108.7 144.7 208.6 252.6 of which: Foreign households 17.7 39.9 88.9 ... Inhabited buildings1 80.9 105.8 130.1 142.8

1 in 2018, estimate of the number of buildings (inhabited or not) on March 1st, 2017

Asylum seekers 2000 2010 2017 2018 Arrivals 627 796 2,318 2,205 of which: Eritreans - 11 224 392 Syrians 2 19 361 227 Iraqis 3 95 127 196 Afghans 14 16 34 176 Georgians 1 7 138 141

Returns … 202 411 230 of which: Forced … 103 94 32

12 Labour Market

Employment and unemployment 2000 2010 2017 2018 x 1,000 (annual average) 1. Domestic employment 264.0 359.6 432.7 448.9 Wage-earners 245.7 337.4 406.5 422.0 Employers, self-employed, unpaid family workers 18.3 22.1 26.3 27.0 2. Net borderers (a) - (b) 79.3 141.2 175.4 184.4 a. Non-resident borderers 88.1 152.4 188.0 197.0 Employers, self-employed, unpaid family workers 1.1 3.1 4.6 4.9 Wage-earners 87.0 149.3 183.4 192.1 of which from: France 46.5 74.1 92.9 98.2 Germany 16.4 37.5 45.4 47.2 Belgium 24.2 37.8 45.0 46.7 b. Resident borderers 8.8 11.2 12.6 12.6 of which: International agents and civil servants 7.8 10.1 11.3 11.3 3. National employment (1) - (2) 184.7 218.4 257.3 264.5 4. Unemployed 4.5 13.5 16.2 15.3 5. Active population (3) + (4) 189.2 231.9 273.4 279.7 6. Unemployment rate in % (4) : (5) 2.4 5.8 5.9 5.5

13 Domestic employment by branches 2000 2010 2017 2018 x 1,000 Agriculture, forestry and fishing 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.7 Mining and quarrying 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 Manufacturing 34.0 32.7 32.5 32.8 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 Water supply 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.8 Construction 28.6 39.0 43.9 45.7 Wholesale and retail trade; 37.2 44.7 Repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 52.3 53.6 Transportation and storage 17.5 24.2 26.1 27.4 Accommodation and food service activities 12.9 16.5 20.8 21.7 Information and communication 8.8 14.1 18.5 19.4 Financial and insurance activities 30.1 40.9 47.3 48.8 Real estate activities 1.4 2.9 4.2 4.6 Professional, scientific and technical activities 15.4 29.7 42.1 44.3 Administrative and support service activities 14.7 22.4 29.6 31.0 Public administration and defence 15.0 20.1 24.6 25.5 Education 11.7 16.5 19.2 19.9 Human health and social work activities 17.6 32.1 45.4 47.0 Arts, entertainment and recreation 2.1 3.4 4.2 4.4 Other service activities 5.2 7.1 8.3 8.6 Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing 3.9 4.8 5.7 5.8 activities of households for own use Total 264.0 359.6 432.7 448.9

14 SOCIAL CONDITIONS

Social life

Income and poverty 2003 2010 2016 2017 Disposable income in EUR/month Mean disposable income per household 4,181 5,118 5,584 5,880 Mean disposable income per adult-equivalent 2,472 3,033 3,285 3,464 Median disposable income per household 3,532 4,350 4,666 4,957 Median disposable income per adult-equivalent 2,148 2,694 2,818 3,006

Indicators of poverty and income inequality At-risk-of-poverty threshold (in EUR) 1,289 1,617 1,691 1,804 At-risk-of-poverty rate (in %) 11.9 14.5 16.5 18.7

Wages 2005 2010 2017 2018 Average annual gross earnings by economic activity (Full time-workers) in EUR Industry and services 43,769 51,315 60,084 61,720 Men 45,941 53,577 62,603 64,170 Women 38,874 46,543 55,106 56,951

Industry 40,488 46,314 51,130 53,009 Men 42,064 47,828 52,588 54,543 Women 31,810 37,540 43,143 44,830

Construction 31,468 36,179 41,770 42,847 Men 31,419 36,050 41,514 42,589 Women 32,336 38,049 45,204 46,302

Services 46,397 54,348 61,798 63,457 Men 50,543 58,808 67,917 69,552 Women 39,559 47,261 52,371 54,189

15 Social minimum wage as from Rate Minimum hourly Minimum monthly January 1st, 2019 gross wage gross wage Index = 814.40 in % in EUR in EUR Qualified adults 120 14.49 2,507.70 Unqualified adults 100 12.07 2,089.75 17 to <18 years 80 9.66 1,671.80 15 to <17 years 75 9.05 1,567.31

Mean consumption expenditure of households 1998 2010 2016 2017 in ‰ Total 1,000.0 1,000.0 1,000.0 1,000.0 Food and non-alcoholic beverages 100.8 87.7 86.1 83.9 Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 19.9 14.2 13.6 13.4 Clothing and footwear 59.4 61.6 53.0 50.9 Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels 273.5 337.7 357.1 365.0 Furnishings, household equipment and routine 82.2 62.7 63.0 60.6 maintenance of the house Health 23.7 24.7 25.4 27.6 Transport 155.0 144.9 134.3 132.0 Communication 21.1 21.5 25.9 26.2 Recreation and culture 87.0 73.0 64.7 62.3 Education 1.7 3.5 7.9 7.8 Hotels, cafes and restaurants 96.1 75.8 83.7 85.5 Miscellaneous goods and services 79.6 92.8 85.4 84.7

Monthly mean disposable income per household 5,880 € 5,584 € 5,118 € 4,181 €

in 2003 in 2010 in 2016 in 2017

16 Social security & Health

Social security 2000 2010 2017 2018 Health and maternity insurance Number of insured 352,636 474,966 572,608 591,831 Number of covered persons 535,424 699,539 835,002 858,357 Regular expenditures (in millions of EUR) 1,069.4 2,217.1 3,101.9 3,263.9

Long term care insurance Number of covered persons 535,424 699,539 835,002 858,357 Regular expenditures (in millions of EUR) 223.1 729.1 662.8 715.8

Pension benefits … Number of contributors 247,253 347,886 420,162 436,318 Number of pensions1 107,571 138,483 175,893 181,281 Total amount paid in pensions (in millions of EUR) 1,476.5 2,849.5 4,183.1 4,359.4

Accident insurance Number of insured enterprises 24,413 40,760 50,330 … Claims made 34,127 33,990 32,833 … Claims paid and surrender of claims 16,083 15,317 13,574 … Expenditure on benefits (in millions of EUR) Goods and services 25.6 36.7 38.3 36.8 Cash payments 114.6 164.7 162.5 159.9

1 new methodology from 2010 onwards

Health (Situation on 1st January) 2000 2010 2017 2018 Practising physicians1 938 1,406 1,780 … General practitioners 279 414 534 … Specialists physicians (stomatologists included) ... 992 1,246 … Practising dentists and dental specialists 260 422 581 … Veterinarians in activity 104 184 249 256 Practising nurses and health care assistants ... 8,268 10,636 … Practising physicians per 1,000 inhabitants (without dentists) 2.1 2.8 3.0 … Pharmacies 89 98 100 102 Hospitals 18 13 12 13 Hospital beds ... 2,821 2,795 2,755 Beds per 1,000 inhabitants ... 5.6 4.7 4.6

1 physicians providing services directly to patients

17 Reported cases of epidemic 2010 2015 2017 2018 AIDS 7 10 8 4 Tuberculosis 27 34 33 43 Hepatitis C 73 61 94 69

Accidents

Road accidents 2000 2010 2017 2018 Accidents resulting in death or injury 901 876 955 947 of which: Fatal accidents 68 29 24 31 Casualties 1,333 1,217 1,297 1,254 Killed 76 32 25 36 Injured 1,257 1,185 1,272 1,218 of which: Seriously injured 400 266 256 273

Persons killed in road accidents

120

100

80

60

40

20

0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Men Women

18 Crime

Offences 2000 2010 2017 2018 Total 22,816 30,532 36,721 37,288 Offences against goods 16,407 18,531 22,319 22,915 of which: Burglaries 2,951 2,413 3,465 3,667 Thefts linked to vehicles 3,886 2,018 2,424 2,568 Other thefts 5,552 7,218 10,213 10,422 Offences against people 2,351 6,134 7,568 7,409 of which: Acts of violence 1,269 2,682 3,617 3,494

Education 1999/2000 2009/10 2016/17 2017/18 Pupils1 Elementary school: cycle 1 - Early childhood education 2,035 4,105 4,380 4,411 cycle 1 - Pre-primary education 10,704 10,026 11,008 11,253 cycles 2 to 4 - Primary education 30,475 32,312 32,931 33,048 Technical secondary education 20,962 25,184 27,221 26,703 Secondary education 9,641 12,757 11,950 11,847 University of Luxembourg 1,409 4,934 6,012 6,416 Advanced technician's certificate training (B.T.S.) 205 274 762 763 Students at foreign universities2 4,401 8,562 27,404 28,390 of which: in Belgium 1,166 1,793 6,731 7,464 in France 885 1,310 6,705 5,827

Teachers1, 3, 4 Elementary school: cycle 1 - Early childhood education - 381 495 578 cycle 1 - Pre-primary education 631 946 772 985 cycles 2 to 4 - Primary education 1,949 3,498 4,448 4,397 Secondary and technical secondary education 3,031 4,096 4,504 4,569

1 without international and private schools which don't follow the official programs defined by the Ministry of Education 2 students on grant 3 including uncertificated teachers 4 teachers working both in early childhood education and in pre-primary education are counted within pre-primary education

19 Politics

National elections 2004 2009 2013 2018 Number of seats All parties 60 60 60 60 Christian Social People's Party (CSV) 24 26 23 21 Democratic Party (DP) 10 9 13 12 Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP) 14 13 13 10 The Greens (Déi Gréng) 7 7 6 9 Alternative Democratic Reform Party (ADR)1 5 4 3 4 The Left (Déi Lénk) . 1 2 2 Pirate Party Luxembourg (Piratepartei) . . . 2

in % Women 23.3 20.0 28.0 25.0 1 2004: Action Committee for Democracy and Pensions Justice

Composition of the Chamber of Deputies (2018)

DP LSAP Déi Gréng CSV ADR Déi Lénk Piratepartei

European elections 2004 2009 2014 2019 Number of seats All parties 6 6 6 6 Christian Social People's Party (CSV) 3 3 3 2 Democratic Party (DP) 1 1 1 2 Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP) 1 1 1 1 The Greens (Déi Gréng) 1 1 1 1

20 Local elections 1999 2005 2011 2017 Municipal councils (proportional representation) Number of seats All parties 420 475 555 600 Christian Social People's Party (CSV) 126 151 170 209 Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP) 139 165 168 155 Democratic Party (DP) 106 100 106 108 The Greens (Déi Gréng) 23 41 74 77 The Left (Déi Lénk) 6 1 7 8 Alternative Democratic Reform Party (ADR)1 11 5 4 4 Other parties 9 12 26 39

1 1999-2005: Action Committee for Democracy and Pensions Justice

Culture & Travelling

2015 2016 2017 2018 National library Registered users 17,171 19,232 19,874 21,704 Borrowed documents 89,079 89,716 83,992 83,522 Onsite consultation 23,844 18,972 21,390 16,234 Interlibrary loan 7,679 7,206 6,426 7,992 Online consultation on eluxemburgensia.lu 904,125 953,442 1,147,083 1,815,856

Visits of cultural institutions National Museum of History and Art (MNHA) 60,222 63,974 63,988 82,913 National Museum of National History (MNHN) 33,929 26,602 48,813 54,063 Museum of Modern Art Grand-Duc Jean (MUDAM) 90,964 97,081 99,865 133,595 Philharmonie Luxembourg 191,705 190,050 192,331 … Centre de Musiques Amplifiées (Rockhal) 178,000 230,824 … … Permanent exhibition "The Family of Man" 15,733 16,040 15,310 14,308

21 Leisure trips in the resident population 2000 2010 2016 2017 aged 15 and over Level of participation1 (in %) 74.6 74.6 80.9 80.7 among 15-24 years old 83.7 72.9 83.8 87.5 among 25-44 years old 82.5 80.4 85.1 86.3 among 45-64 years old 74.3 78.7 82.7 82.7 among 65 years and over 49.6 55.1 66.7 59.2 Average duration in nights 9.6 7.1 7.2 7.5 By plane (in %) 31.6 31.5 40.5 41.0 By car (rented cars are excluded) (in %) 52.7 56.0 50.0 48.4 Average cost by person (in EUR) 643 664 770 808

1 at least 1 overnight leisure trip during the reference year

Main destination countries for leisure trips (2017)

P F D ES

19.4% 13.7% 10.6% 8.6%

Business trips in the active population 2017 Level of participation1 (in %) 34.7 among men 40.6 among women 28.2 among employees, civil servants 33.5 among self-employed 47.3 Average duration in nights 3.6 Average cost by person (in EUR) 875

Main destinations (in %) Germany 17.8 France 16.5 Belgium 11.4 United Kingdom 8.5

1 at least 1 overnight business trip during the reference year

22 ENTERPRISES

Business demography

Enterprises by economic activity in 2016 Active Births Deaths Industry 930 48 53 Construction 3,722 344 260 Services 32,661 2,888 2,496 Wholesale and retail trade 7,408 584 646 Transportation and storage 1,229 81 81 Accommodation and food service activities 2,764 260 276 Information and communication 2,304 270 196 Financial and insurance activities 1,669 96 86 Real estate activities 3,307 279 220 Professional, scientific and technical activities 6,891 679 539 Administrative and support service activities 2,167 250 184 Other service activities (education, health, …) 4,922 389 268 Total 37,313 3,280 2,809

Enterprises, by employee size class, no 1 to 4 5 to 9 ≥ 10 2016 employees employees employees employees in % Active enterprises 39.0 37.2 10.5 13.2 Enterprises births 59.5 35.6 3.8 1.1 Enterprises deaths (2015) 58.2 36.4 3.9 1.5

23 Insolvencies

Companies 1,250

1,000

750

500

250

0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Largest private and public employers (Situation on January 1st, 2019) Name Economic activity Persons employed Government 28,326 Municipal administration of the City of Luxembourg 4,061 Group Post Luxembourg Wired telecommunications activities 4,540 Groupe CFL Passenger rail transport, interurban 4,360 Groupe Cactus Retail sale in non-specialised stores 4,320 Groupe Dussmann Luxembourg Cleaning activities 4,060 BGL BNP Paribas Monetary intermediation 3,900 Groupe ArcelorMittal Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys 3,810 Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations SA Manufacture of rubber products 3,430 Luxair SA Passenger air transport 2,950 Groupe PricewaterhouseCoopers Accounting, bookkeeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy 2,870 Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg Hospital activities 2,360 Fondation Hôpitaux Robert Schuman Hospital activities 2,270 Amazon.com Activities of head offices 2,250 Groupe Deloitte à Luxembourg Accounting, bookkeeping and auditing 2,200 activities; tax consultancy Sodexo Luxembourg SA Event catering and other food service activities 2,140 Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch Hospital activities 2,020

24 Agriculture

General survey (Situation on 1st April)1 2000 2010 2017 2018 Number of farms (total) 2,728 2,201 1,943 1,906 Farms of 2 ha and more 2,393 1,981 1,773 1,746 Family farm labour force 5,554 4,321 … … Wage-earners 650 655 … … Total of agricultural labour in AWU2 4,292 3,726 … … Average area (in ha) 53.2 66.1 74.0 75.3 Utilised agricultural area (in ha) 127,643 131,106 131,163 131,559 of which in %: Cereals 22.4 22.7 21.3 20.0 Forage crops 20.4 19.5 20.8 21.8 Meadows 16.4 6.7 7.7 8.0 Pastures 34.8 44.7 43.6 43.4 Vineyards 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Other crops 5.0 5.4 5.6 5.8 Bovine livestock 205,072 198,830 202,281 196,127 Pig livestock 80,141 83,774 96,761 91,736 Sheep livestock 7,971 9,084 8,478 8,654 Equine livestock 3,154 4,601 4,692 4,662 Hens and chickens 71,785 89,581 122,609 123,462

1 situation on 15 May in 2000 and 2010 2 Annual Working Unit

Crop production 2000 2010 2017 2018 in tonnes Wheat, spelt, rye 64,787 88,592 82,415 84,457 Other crops 88,043 77,593 66,874 69,779 Colza 8,370 15,895 11,317 10,951 Dried pulses 1,235 973 1,610 1,540 Potatoes 27,858 19,531 21,284 16,211 Maize (dry matter) 130,236 181,104 243,517 190,523 Other forage crops (dry matter) 168,705 99,073 101,181 113,237 Grassland and pasturage (dry matter) 639,715 479,438 439,549 456,511

Animal products 2000 2010 2017 2018 in 1,000 tonnes Meat1 24.4 31.7 33.7 32.9 Milk 264.5 295.3 387.2 407.6

1 slaughterings + export of live animals - import of live animals 25 Livestock in 2018

Bovine livestock Hens and chickens Pig livestock Sheep livestock 196,127 123,462 91,736 8,654

Forestry

2000 2010 2017 2018 in 1,000 m3 Production of raw wood 266 495 351 428 Import of raw wood 753 906 832 738 Export of raw wood 219 265 362 279

Wine-growing

1999/2000 2009/10 2017/18 2018/19 in 1,000 hectolitres 1. Wine production 184.3 134.8 81.2 135.9 of which: Rivaner 73.7 47.2 23.8 38.7 Auxerrois 19.9 19.5 12.0 21.9 Pinot gris 17.9 13.9 11.6 17.9 Pinot blanc 19.3 14.0 12.6 17.5 Riesling 19.0 14.5 9.0 13.6 Others 34.5 25.7 12.2 26.3 2. Import 255.6 222.0 232.0 … 3. Stock variation 42.0 5.0 -10.8 … 4. Total offer (4) = (1) + (2) - (3) 397.9 351.8 324.0 … 5. Total Export 101.4 79.9 54.9 … of which: Export 57.7 52.3 30.1 … Re-export 43.7 27.6 24.8 … 6. Domestic sales (6) = (4) - (5) 296.5 271.9 269.1 …

26 Handicraft

Enterprises Employees Group of crafts 2010 2018 2010 2018 Food 263 240 5,684 7,642 Fashion, health and hygiene 1,166 1,455 5,011 6,003 Mechanics 839 1,168 9,362 13,489 Construction 2,818 3,748 49,959 63,581 Communication, multimedia and performing arts 346 616 2,763 3,407 Miscellaneous craft activities 67 232 209 630 Total 5,499 7,459 72,988 94,752

Industry

Steel industry 2000 2010 2017 2018 Production in 1,000 tonnes Steel 2,571 2,548 2,172 2,228 Rolled steel products 3,360 2,506 2,408 2,555 Finished rolled products 2,918 2,276 2,016 2,166 Shapes (joists, etc.) 1,058 1,272 1,444 1,480 Merchants products 750 427 71 121 Sheets and coils 1,033 577 501 565 Semi-finished products 442 230 392 389

27 Construction & Housing

Building permissions 2000 2010 2017 2018 Number of buildings 1,642 1,901 2,298 2,156 Number of dwellings 3,412 3,892 5,048 5,468 Interior space (1,000 m3) 5,450 5,496 7,812 7,403

Finished buildings 2000 2010 2015 2016 Buildings 1,066 1,018 1,459 1,530 Dwellings 1,671 2,824 3,091 3,856 of which: One-dwelling residential buildings 896 747 1,194 1,182 Two and more dwelling residential 642 1,331 1,329 2,233 buildings Total floor area (in 2m ) 594,297 703,549 829,127 938,959

Building price index 2010 2016 2017 2018 Index 100 in 1970 (annual average) 682.08 762.94 777.88 793.02

Average apartment prices 2010 2016 2017 2018 Average price (in EUR) 322,336 413,765 441,098 472,656 Average floor area (in m2) 82 80 82 83 Average price by floor area (in EUR/m2) 3,973 5,262 5,522 5,829

28 Tourism

General survey (Situation on December 31st) 2000 2010 2017 2018 Number of establishments Hotels and similar establishments 343 262 225 228 Camping sites 116 99 87 82

Capacities Hotels and similar establishments (rooms) 8,103 8,415 7,262 7,472 Camping sites (persons) 51,464 48,777 43,828 42,280

Arrivals of tourists x 1,000 All types of accomodation 895 855 1,156 1,139 Hotels and similar establishments 607 686 898 902 Camping sites 192 125 151 132 Other types of accomodation 96 44 107 105

Overnight stays of tourists x 1,000 All types of accomodation 2,677 1,860 2,892 2,920 Hotels and similar establishments 1,263 1,252 1,694 1,714 Camping sites 1,042 487 939 952 Other types of accomodation 372 120 259 254

Overnight stays of tourists by country of residence 2018 All types of accomodation

746,634 Netherlands Z Z Z 505,704 Belgium

316,776 Germany Other European 1,108,115 countries

243,016 Rest of the world

29 Transport

Roads (Situation on 1st January) 2000 2010 2018 2019 in km National network 2,863 2,899 2,914 2,914 of which: Motorways 115 152 165 165

Motor vehicles (Situation on January 1st) 2000 2010 2018 2019 Type of vehicles Total 318,914 411,443 482,001 496,326 of which: Motorcycles 10,810 15,551 20,601 21,672 Passenger cars 263,475 331,503 403,282 415,145 Motor coaches 984 1,623 1,963 2,042 Lorries and vans 19,226 29,191 38,558 40,181 Road tractors and special vehicles 5,258 8,006 7,906 8,322

Passenger cars by label 2000 2010 2018 2019 (Situation on January 1st) in % Volkswagen 13.8 13.9 14.2 14.1 BMW 5.4 8.6 10.5 10.4 Audi 5.7 7.6 8.7 8.6 Mercedes 5.2 6.9 7.8 8.1 Renault 8.7 7.5 6.1 5.9 Peugeot 6.2 6.9 5.4 5.3 Ford (D) 9.4 5.8 4.8 4.5 Citroën 4.2 5.7 4.3 3.9 Opel 7.4 4.5 3.8 3.6 Hyundai 0.7 3.9 3.3 3.2 Others 33.3 28.9 31.1 32.4

30 New motor vehicle registrations 2000 2010 2017 2018 (four wheels and more) Total 47,064 54,951 59,827 60,042 of which: Passenger and estate cars 41,896 49,726 52,775 52,811

Road goods transport 2000 2010 2017 2018 in millions of tkm1 Total 7,476 8,655 7,269 7,858 Inland traffic 448 572 721 807 International traffic 7,028 8,083 6,548 7,051

1 tonne-kilometre

Railways 2000 2010 2017 2018 Utilised railways (in km) 274 275 271 271 Passenger-km (in millions) 332 347 438 443 Tonnes-kilometres (in millions) 683 300 213 223

Port of Mertert 2000 2010 2017 2018 in 1,000 tonnes Loading 491 147 260 248 Unloading 1,109 685 595 579

Luxembourg airport 2000 2010 2017 2018 Passengers (in thousands) 1,669 1,630 3,599 4,037 of which: Transit 7 - 0 - Freight (in tonnes) 500,811 705,370 897,569 895,079 of which: Transit 3 732 437 314

31 Financial services

Banking (Situation on December 31st) 2000 2010 2017 2018 Number of banks 202 144 139 135 Employees 23,035 26,255 26,111 26,317 of which: Women 10,613 12,040 11,857 11,873

in billions of EUR Total balance sheet 647.7 769.3 746.4 768.7 Total credits 446.4 555.2 599.6 625.2 Bank credits 317.3 364.0 380.1 395.3 Client credits 129.1 191.2 219.5 230.0 Total deposits 521.4 614.0 598.6 620.0 Bank deposits 297.7 348.2 245.4 252.0 Client deposits 223.7 265.8 353.1 368.0 Net profit (after taxes) 2.4 3.9 3.8 …

Banks by geographical origin (Situation on May 2019)

Geographical origin Germany 24 France 15 China 14 Switzerland 12 Luxembourg / Belgium 11 Italy 6 Japan 6 Sweden 5 USA 5 United Kingdom 4 Other countries 31

Luxembourg Stock Exchange 2000 2010 2017 2018 Quotation lines 19,690 44,916 35,703 36,213 Turnover (in millions of EUR) 2,820 219 198 177 Price by ingot of 1 kg of fine gold (in EUR)1 9,510 33,920 34,930 36,170

1 end of year

32 Undertaking for collective investment (UCI) 2000 2010 2017 2018 (Situation on December 31st) Unit investment trust funds Number 914 1,944 1,518 1,426 Net assets (in billions of EUR) 462.8 652.2 864.1 795.7 SICAV1 investment fund Number 840 1,701 2,196 2,166 Net assets (in billions of EUR) 404.0 1,540.1 3,222.4 3,184.7 Other UCI2 Number 31 22 44 42 Net assets (in billions of EUR) 7.8 6.7 26.5 28.7 SICAR3 investment companies Number . . 286 274 Net assets (in billions of EUR) . . 46.6 55.5

1 investment company with variable capital 2 undertakings for collective investment 3 investment company in risk capital

Insurance (Situation on December 31st) 2000 2010 2017 20181 in millions of EUR Total amount of gross premiums written 6,865.4 24,691.0 27,047.1 28,452.5 of which: Life 6,028.6 22,384.9 23,323.0 23,898.3 Non-life 836.8 2,306.1 3,724.1 4,554.2 of which Fire, natural elements 64.7 274.0 387.6 706.3 Accidents - Civil liability 189.1 462.8 642.5 708.0 Legal protection insurance 9.3 37.1 34.2 30.7

Number Insurance companies 93 95 90 96 Reinsurance companies 264 244 204 198

1 provisional figures

Interest rates 2000 2010 2017 2018 in % Savings deposit rate1,2 3.35 0.88 0.27 0.26 Mortgage rate1 5.98 2.31 1.87 1.84 Legal interest rate 5.00 3.50 2.25 2.00

1 situation in December 2 since 2003, deposits with agreed maturity up to 2 years

33 Telecommunications

Electronic communications 2010 2016 2017 2018 (Situation on December 31st) x 1,000 Fixed telephone lines 272.0 276.4 275.5 273.5 Mobile phone subscriptions 727.0 896.6 932.0 951.8 High-speed internet access subscriptions 146.9 93.9 92.5 84.0 Ultra high-speed internet access subscriptions 8.1 109.2 122.2 140.4

Information society

Access of households to information and 2010 2016 2017 20181 communication technology systems (ICT) in % of households Access to Internet 90 97 97 93

in % of households having Internet access E-commerce 51 70 71 62 E-banking 63 73 78 70 Social networks … 69 70 66 Sending/receiving e-mails 93 95 94 88 1 break in series

Equipment of enterprises 2010 2016 2017 2018 in % Enterprises with Internet access 98 100 100 100 Enterprises with Internet access and website 70 81 82 83

34 ECONOMY & FINANCES

National accounts

Main aggregates 2000 2010 2017 2018 Production approach in billions of EUR 1. Output (at basic prices) 55.1 115.5 198.5 211.2 2. Intermediate consumption 34.5 79.4 148.4 157.9 3. Gross value added (1-2) 20.6 36.1 50.2 53.3 4. Taxes less subsidies on products 2.5 4.0 5.1 5.6 Expenditure approach 5. Final consumption expenditure (6+7+8) 12.2 19.8 26.4 28.1 6. of households 8.5 12.4 16.0 16.9 7. of NPISH1 0.3 0.6 1.0 1.1 8. of general government 3.4 6.8 9.4 10.1 9. Gross fixed capital formation 5.1 7.2 10.5 10.8 10. Exports (11+12) 34.3 70.1 123.4 132.3 11. of goods 9.2 16.0 21.3 21.8 12. of services 25.1 54.1 102.1 110.5 13. Imports (14+15) 28.5 56.9 105.0 112.3 14. of goods 11.7 16.6 20.6 21.0 15. of services 16.8 40.3 84.3 91.3 Income approach 16. Compensation of employees 10.7 19.9 27.9 29.6 17. Operating surplus 9.6 15.9 21.5 23.0 18. Taxes on production and imports 2.8 4.4 5.9 6.3 19. GDP2 (3+4=5+9+10-13=16+17+18) 23.1 40.2 55.3 58.9 20. Balance of compensation of employees with ROW3 -2.6 -6.7 -9.5 … 21. Balance of taxes on production and imports with ROW3 0.0 0.0 0.1 … 22. Balance of property income with ROW3 -0.8 -4.0 -6.5 … 23. Gross national income (19+20+21+22) 19.7 29.4 39.2 … 24. Consumption of fixed capital 2.8 4.9 7.0 … 25. Net national income (23-24) 16.9 24.6 32.2 … 26. GDP2 growth rate (in %) 8.2 4.9 1.5 2.6 27. Compensation of employees per capita (in thousands of EUR) 43.5 58.9 68.6 70.0 European System of integrated economic Accounts (ESA 2010) 1 NPISH: non-profit institutions serving households 2 GDP: Gross Domestic Product 3 ROW: rest-of-the-world 35 Structure of the gross value added at basic prices (in %)

Agriculture 1.0 0.3 0.3

Iron-, steel- and metal processing 3.4 industry 1.2 1.9

Other manufacturing industry 9.6 4.7 3.7 Energy and water 1.9 1.5 1.2

Construction 6.2 5.3 5.4

23.4 22.6

22.9

26.5 Distributive trades; Lodging and 28.2 catering; Transport and communication 24.0 Financial activities Estate activities, rent services and services to companies 15.2 18.1 19.8

General government services 5.8 6.1 5.8 Education, health and social protection Other public and private services 8.0 9.6 10.6 1.9 1.9 1.9 1995 2010 2018

36 Public finances

General government expenditure and revenue 2000 2010 2017 2018 General government consolidated in millions of EUR Expenditure 8,726.9 17,728.8 23,764.4 25,378.1 Gross capital formation 892.5 1,892.1 2,296.1 2397.3 Social benefits 3,906.7 8,345.3 11,197.3 11,713.6 Revenue 10,085.9 17,464.3 24,556.9 26,796.1 Taxes on production and imports 3,055.8 4,914.7 6,569.0 7,105.7 Current taxes on income, wealth, etc. 3,283.7 5,731.0 8,539.9 9,834.7 Social contributions 2,527.9 4,886.0 6,917.7 7,277.2 Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) 1,359.0 -264.5 792.6 1,418.0

Central government Expenditure 6,358.3 12,939.2 17,183.8 18,506.8 Revenue 7,027.1 11,995.6 16,909.3 18,592.3 Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) 668.8 -943.6 -274.6 85.5

Local governments Expenditure 1,144.8 2,097.8 2,649.8 2,834.2 Revenue 1,255.4 2,161.7 2,726.6 3,105.1 Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) 110.6 63.9 76.8 270.9

Social security funds Expenditure 3,522.3 7,276.5 9,836.2 10,353.1 Revenue 4,101.9 7,891.7 10,826.6 11,414.6 Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) 579.6 615.2 990.4 1,061.6

Government debt 2000 2010 2017 2018 in millions of EUR Central government 1,043.2 6,989.4 11,738.9 11,635.1 of which: Foreign debt 129.5 2,763.0 5,396.7 5,389.6 Local government 454.3 960.1 956.2 949.9 Social security funds 0.3 0.0 2.0 1.6 Total 1,497.7 7,949.5 12,697.1 12,586.6

37 External trade

Exports Imports Exports and Imports by product type 2017 2018 2017 2018 Group of divisions of the SITC1 in millions of EUR Total 12,660.5 12,998.0 18,983.8 19,838.6 1. Food and live animals 898.8 934.0 1,597.4 1,716.1 2. Beverages and tobacco 224.0 232.5 594.9 662.7 3. Crude materials, oils, fats and waxes 300.5 265.4 1,384.8 1,481.2 4. Mineral fuels, lubricants 9.9 12.5 1,574.1 2,022.9 5. Chemicals and related products 1,402.5 1,518.0 2,196.3 2,385.8 6. Manufactured goods in metals 3,015.3 3,222.6 1,555.5 1,721.8 7. Other manufactured goods classified 1,944.2 1,984.8 1,366.1 1,428.9 chiefly by material 8. Machinery 2,403.8 2,519.1 3,153.8 3,208.9 9. Transport equipment 1,240.4 1,171.6 3,654.6 3,199.5 10. Other manufactured goods 1,221.2 1,137.3 1,906.4 2,010.8

1 standard international trade classification

Trade balance in millions of EUR 20,000 17,500 15,000 12,500 10,000 7,500 5,000 2,500 0 -2,500 -5,000 -7,500 -10,000 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Trade balance Exports Imports

38 Exports Imports External trade by countries 2017 2018 2017 2018 in millions of EUR Total 12,660.5 12,998.0 18,983.8 19,838.6 Europe 11,064.3 11,452.5 17,108.6 18,256.1 European Union (28 countries) 10,346.7 10,831.7 16,929.5 18,067.3 of which: Germany 3,523.5 3,559.5 5,036.7 5,286.5 France 1,862.8 1,909.1 2,321.4 2,355.8 Belgium 1,471.5 1,545.8 6,407.0 7,105.2 Netherlands 701.8 780.9 972.7 1,083.5 United Kingdom 517.8 546.5 425.2 354.9 Italy 502.2 531.5 448.1 521.0 Poland 300.4 353.5 239.0 269.6 Spain 299.7 321.0 224.7 195.3 Austria 264.4 286.1 135.3 133.9 Sweden 176.5 187.8 79.7 91.2 Czech Republic 161.8 185.2 173.3 178.0 Denmark 93.5 107.4 49.5 69.8 Ireland 45.8 76.1 145.4 138.0 Hungary 77.2 71.6 66.7 74.3 Portugal 58.7 67.8 62.3 78.5 Slovakia 47.3 54.1 26.6 27.1 Finland 50.9 52.3 24.2 30.0 Slovenia 38.4 34.4 12.3 18.0 Greece 26.7 25.2 12.1 4.3 Other countries of Europe 717.6 620.8 179.1 188.8 of which: Switzerland 319.7 179.7 120.0 122.1 Turkey 114.2 166.9 16.6 28.4 Russia 151.9 128.7 14.4 15.5 Outside Europe 1,596.2 1,545.5 1,875.3 1,582.5 America 672.0 629.8 972.5 759.7 of which: USA 428.5 373.4 801.6 679.8 Canada 106.3 86.3 82.9 52.0 Brazil 47.3 37.1 17.9 5.0 Asia 699.3 696.8 800.8 812.3 of which: China 214.8 222.0 165.7 231.0 Japan 77.4 78.5 491.6 413.6 South Korea 48.2 47.9 22.0 41.9 India 30.3 38.0 5.6 6.3 Hong Kong 32.8 29.4 9.0 9.0 Africa 177.2 189.2 84.8 5.7 Oceania 30.1 25.8 5.2 4.5 Others 17.6 3.9 12.0 0.3

39 Balance of current account

Current account 2010 20161 20171 20181 in millions of EUR 1. Goods - bop concept (balance) -1,558 -2,074 -3,155 -2,847 Exports 14,883 17,841 17,899 18,658 Imports 16,441 19,915 21,054 21,505 2. Services (balance) 12,711 20,993 21,414 23,309 Exports 47,122 88,478 91,523 97,395 Imports 34,411 67,485 70,109 74,086 3. Primary income (balance) -8,599 -16,901 -15,223 -17,228 3.a (of which:) Compensation of employees (balance) -6,708 -8,906 -9,446 -9,854 Credit 1,225 1,492 1,618 1,650 Debit 7,932 10,397 11,064 11,505 3.b (of which:) Investment income (balance) -1,943 -7,938 -5,693 -7,267 Credit 109,874 189,550 207,498 217,599 Debit 111,817 197,488 213,191 224,866 4. Secondary income (balance) 128 678 -280 -443 Credit 6,597 8,503 9,106 10,722 Debit 6,469 7,825 9,386 11,165

Current account balance (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) 2,682 2,696 2,755 2,791

1 provisional figures

Balance of courant account in millions of EUR 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 -5,000 -10,000 -15,000 -20,000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Balance of goods Balance of primary and secondary incomes Balance of services Balance of current account

40 Exports Imports International trade in services by partner 2017 2018 2017 2018 in millions of EUR Total (Rest of the World) 91,523 97,395 70,109 74,086 Europe 75,544 80,767 52,257 54,660 European Union (EU28) 67,164 72,476 46,063 49,332 of which: Germany 16,537 18,062 11,308 11,674 United Kingdom 13,148 14,474 12,432 13,156 France 10,340 11,058 5,770 6,078 Italy 7,898 8,553 3,418 3,957 Belgium 5,286 5,423 2,630 2,764 Spain 3,030 3,741 1,545 1,842 Netherlands 2,836 3,071 1,960 2,071 Sweden 1,802 1,791 1,490 1,418 Ireland 930 1,062 2,334 3,189 EU institutions 805 764 15 15 Finland 538 626 176 158 Austria 590 614 438 433 Denmark 492 512 319 311 Portugal 538 457 354 359 Poland 486 403 524 567 Czech Republic 336 366 259 234 Hungary 311 223 281 230 Cyprus 194 221 98 107 Greece 226 182 140 143 Romania 206 161 170 211 Other European countries 8,380 8,291 6,194 5,328 of which: Switzerland 6,273 6,246 5,214 4,399 Norway 266 278 280 265 America 7,722 8,012 12,049 12,821 of which: United States 4,764 4,623 9,831 10,559 Cayman Islands 547 740 34 36 Canada 477 554 209 282 Asia 6,664 7,095 5,411 6,237 of which: Hong Kong 1,229 1,266 892 953 Singapore 888 1,124 3,375 4,166 Japan 997 1,005 288 285 China 846 937 203 203 Africa 1,010 974 244 249 of which: South Africa 247 257 36 67 Oceania 544 514 80 61 of which: Australia 349 345 41 31 International Organisations 39 32 68 58

41 Prices & Inflation

National consumer price index 2016 2017 2018 change rate in % General index (= Inflation rate) 0.3 1.7 1.5 Food, non alcoholic beverages 1.5 2.8 2.2 Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 1.7 1.6 1.6 Clothing and shoes 1.2 1.3 0.7 Housing, water, electricity and combustible -1.6 1.7 3.2 Furniture, household outfit and repair 0.6 1.1 0.8 Health 0.1 1.5 -0.8 Transport -0.7 1.6 2.1 Communication 0.3 -2.6 -2.8 Leisure, spectacle and culture 0.3 2.5 2.3 Education 2.2 2.0 4.1 Hotels, cafes and restaurants 1.4 1.8 2.4 Miscellaneous goods and services 1.0 2.0 -0.3

Consumer price index

Index 100 in 1948 in % 900 12 800 10 700 8 600 6 500 4 400 300 2 200 0 100 -2 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 General index evolution Annual Inflation rate

Adjustment dates in the wage indexation system Date of the adjustment Wage index Wage increase in % 01/08/2018 814.40 2.5 01/01/2017 794.54 2.5 01/10/2013 775.17 2.5 01/10/2012 756.27 2.5 01/10/2011 737.83 2.5

42 Consumer prices by June 2019 (in EUR)

Bread Croissant Porc chop Fresh milk 500 g slided 1 piece 1 kg 1 litre 2.36 1.21 11.37 1.50

Eggs Butter Apples Potatoes a dozen 250 g 1 kg 5 kg 2.73 2.30 2.75 9.08

Coffee Mineral water Medical consultation Public transport 250 g without fizz, 1.5 litre general practitioner single ticket 3.46 0.58 46.10 2.00

Consumer price index for fuel (annual average)

Index 100 in 2015 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Fuel oil Diesel Motor petrol

43 Consumption

Final consumption of households on the economic 2016 2017 2016 2017 territory (including VAT and self-consumption) in millions of EUR in % 1. Food, non-alcoholic beverages 1,736 1,740 9.58 9.17 2. Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 1,494 1,533 8.24 8.07 3. Clothing and shoes 1,004 988 5.54 5.20 4. Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels 4,450 4,617 24.54 24.32 5. Furniture, household outfit and repair 972 1,073 5.36 5.65 6. Health 562 619 3.10 3.26 7. Transport 2,605 2,754 14.37 14.51 8. Communication 269 267 1.48 1.41 9. Leisure and culture 1,098 1,121 6.05 5.90 10. Education 203 208 1.12 1.10 11. Hotels, cafés and restaurants 1,341 1,366 7.39 7.19 12. Miscellaneous goods and services 2,396 2,697 13.22 14.21 Total 18,131 18,984 100.00 100.00

Individual consumption of residents 2014 2015 2016 2017 in millions of EUR 1. Actual individual consumption on the economic territory 17,800 17,771 18,131 18,984 2. Actual individual consumption of non-residents on the economic territory 4,404 3,971 4,076 4,375 3. Actual individual consumption of residents abroad 1,257 1,301 1,344 1,379 4. Actual individual consumption of residents (4) = (1) - (2) + (3) 14,653 15,100 15,400 15,988

44 International comparison

Population and employment Total Population Employ- Employment Unemploy- population1 density ment2 rate3 ment rate 2018 2017 2018 2018 2018 x 1,000 inhabit/km2 x 1,000 in % in % European Union (28 countries) 512,379 118 219,494 73.2 7.0 Austria, AT 8,822 107 4,102 76.2 4.9 Belgium, BE 11,399 374 4,646 69.7 6.0 Bulgaria, BG 7,050 64 3,055 72.4 5.2 Croatia, HR 4,105 74 1,610 65.2 8.4 Cyprus, CY 864 93 387 73.9 8.4 Czech Republic, CZ 10,610 137 5,124 79.9 2.2 Denmark, DK 5,781 137 2,625 78.2 5.0 Estonia, EE 1,319 30 622 79.5 5.4 Finland, FI 5,513 18 2,392 76.3 7.4 France, FR 66,926 106 26,316 71.3 9.1 Germany, DE 82,792 234 39,551 79.9 3.4 Greece, GR 10,741 82 3,737 59.5 19.3 Hungary, HU 9,778 107 4,383 74.4 3.7 Ireland, IE 4,830 70 2,120 74.1 5.8 Italy, IT 60,484 203 22,480 63.0 10.6 Latvia, LV 1,934 31 868 76.8 7.4 Lithuania, LT 2,809 45 1,313 77.8 6.2 Luxembourg, LU 602 231 275 72.1 5.5 Malta, MT 476 1,495 225 75.0 3.7 Netherlands, NL 17,181 501 7,949 79.2 3.8 Poland, PL 37,977 124 16,051 72.2 3.9 Portugal, PT 10,291 113 4,575 75.4 7.0 Romania, RO 19,531 84 8,294 69.9 4.2 Slovakia, SK 5,443 112 2,519 72.4 6.5 Slovenia, SI 2,067 103 950 75.4 5.1 Spain, ES 46,658 93 19,002 67.0 15.3 Sweden, SE 10,120 25 4,784 82.6 6.3 United Kingdom, UK 66,274 272 30,098 78.7 4.0

Iceland, IS 348 3 176 86.5 2.8 Norway, NO 5,296 17 2,489 79.2 3.9 Switzerland, CH 8,484 212 4,276 82.5 4.9

1 population on 1st January 2 European Union Labour Force Survey (LFS), employment by place of residence, males and females: 20-64 years 3 males and females, 20-64 years 45 Employment rate in 2018 in % 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 SE CZ DE EE NL UK DK LT LV FI AT PT SI MT HU IE CY UE BG SK PL LU FR RO BE ES HR IT GR

GDP per inhabitant in 2018

Purchasing Power Standards (Index 100 = EU-28) 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 LU IE NL AT DK DE SE BE FI FR UK UE MT IT ES CZ CY SI EE LT SK PT PL LV HU GR RO HR BG

46 National accounts GDP at GDP per Real Private Consump. market inhabitant growth of consump. of general prices GDP expenditure government 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018

in bil. in PPS1 in % in % in % of EUR of GDP of GDP European Union (28 countries) 15,884 100 2.0 … 20.1 Austria 386 127 2.7 51.7 19.2 Belgium 451 115 1.4 51.1 23.3 Bulgaria 55 50 3.1 61.9 16.5 Croatia 51 63 2.6 57.5 19.7 Cyprus 21 87 3.9 67.5 15.2 Czech Republic 208 90 3.0 47.5 20.0 Denmark 298 126 1.5 47.2 24.6 Estonia 26 81 3.9 49.9 19.7 Finland 232 110 1.7 53.8 22.9 France 2,353 104 1.7 53.9 23.4 Germany 3,386 123 1.4 52.4 19.5 Greece 185 68 1.9 68.0 19.1 Hungary 132 70 4.9 49.1 19.1 Ireland 318 187 6.7 30.9 11.9 Italy 1,757 95 0.9 60.7 18.8 Latvia 30 70 4.8 58.8 17.7 Lithuania 45 81 3.5 62.6 16.5 Luxembourg 59 254 2.6 30.6 17.1 Malta 12 98 6.7 43.8 16.2 Netherlands 774 129 2.6 44.1 24.2 Poland 496 71 5.1 58.2 17.7 Portugal 202 76 2.1 65.0 17.3 Romania 203 64 4.1 62.4 16.6 Slovakia 90 78 4.1 54.4 19.5 Slovenia 46 87 4.5 50.8 17.8 Spain 1,208 91 2.6 57.7 18.4 Sweden 467 121 2.4 44.1 26.2 United Kingdom 2,394 104 1.4 66.1 18.2

Iceland 22 133 4.6 … 23.6 Japan … 98 … … … Norway 368 150 1.4 … 23.5 Switzerland 597 157 2.5 … 11.8 United States … 143 … … …

1 Purchasing Power Standards. Index 100 = EU-28 47 Prices and finances Harmonised Price level Social General inflation index protection government expenditures consolid. debt 2018 2018 2016 2018 in % EU-28=100 in % of GDP in % of GDP European Union (28 countries) 1.9 100.0 28.1 … Austria 2.1 109.6 29.9 73.8 Belgium 2.3 111.1 29.6 102.0 Bulgaria 2.6 50.6 17.5 22.6 Croatia 1.6 68.2 21.3 74.6 Cyprus 0.8 88.8 19.1 102.5 Czech Republic 2.0 70.8 18.9 32.7 Denmark 0.7 137.9 31.1 34.1 Estonia 3.4 80.1 16.6 8.4 Finland 1.2 122.5 31.9 58.9 France 2.1 110.3 34.3 98.4 Germany 1.9 104.3 29.4 60.9 Greece 0.8 84.2 26.2 181.1 Hungary 2.9 62.4 19.1 70.8 Ireland 0.7 127.3 15.8 64.8 Italy 1.2 100.6 29.5 132.2 Latvia 2.6 73.8 15.1 35.9 Lithuania 2.5 65.7 15.4 34.2 Luxembourg 2.0 126.6 21.9 21.4 Malta 1.7 82.2 16.4 46.0 Netherlands 1.6 112.1 29.5 52.4 Poland 1.2 57.4 20.3 48.9 Portugal 1.2 86.8 25.1 121.5 Romania 4.1 52.8 14.6 35.0 Slovakia 2.5 70.2 18.3 48.9 Slovenia 1.9 84.9 23.3 70.1 Spain 1.7 92.5 24.3 97.1 Sweden 2.0 118.5 29.6 38.8 United Kingdom 2.5 116.5 26.2 86.8

Iceland 0.7 156.1 … … Japan … 104.8 … … Norway 3.0 147.7 29.0 … Switzerland 0.9 151.9 28.1 … United States 2.2 108.4 … …

48 Our other publications

Note de conjoncture Semiannual publication which analyses the situation and prospects of the Luxembourg economy and the international environment in the short term.

ISSN 1019-6463

Conjoncture flash Monthly publication on the state of the Luxembourg economy. Graphs and summary tables with comments on the main economic indicators.

Only available online

49 Analyses This series contains survey results and comments on statistics as well as detailed studies on economic or general interest topics.

ISSN 2658-963X

N° 1/2018 Rapport travail et cohésion sociale

N°1/2019 Atlas démographique du Luxembourg

50 Regards... The aim of this periodical is to publish a preview of the main analysed and commented results of the STATEC surveys. The purpose of this publication is to enhance the efforts of companies and households involved in surveys by giving them easy access to information from these surveys.

ISSN 2304-7127

Only available online

Répertoire des entreprises List of Luxembourgish companies (as of January 1st). Broken down by economic activity, the Directory provides information on the postal address as well as on the existence of secondary activities.

ISBN 978-2-87988-135-5

Also available by request in Excel format Price per issue: 14.00 Euros

Only available online

Économie et statistiques This series contains short studies (working papers) on all disciplines of economic science.

ISSN 2354-4988

Only available online

51 Cross-border collaboration Saar-Lor-Lux-Rhineland-Palatinate-Wallonia

Statistiques en bref 2018 Statistische Kurzinformationen Short description and basic statistics of the economic and social development structure of the five partners of the Greater Region.

Bilingual edition, December 2018

Conjoncture dans la Grande Région Konjonktur in der Großregion This quarterly publication describes recent economic development in the cross-border region, using a variety of short-term economic indicators.

Only available online

Grande Région: Dernières nouvelles Großregion: Statistik aktuell At irregular intervals, it highlights a theme which concerns the five territories of the Greater Region.

Only available online

"Greater Region" publications are presented and downloadable on the website www.grande-region.lu / www.grossregion.lu

52