Two New Records for the Appalachian Grizzled Skipper (Pyrgus Wyandot)
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Self-Repair and Self-Cleaning of the Lepidopteran Proboscis
Clemson University TigerPrints All Dissertations Dissertations 8-2019 Self-Repair and Self-Cleaning of the Lepidopteran Proboscis Suellen Floyd Pometto Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations Recommended Citation Pometto, Suellen Floyd, "Self-Repair and Self-Cleaning of the Lepidopteran Proboscis" (2019). All Dissertations. 2452. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/2452 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SELF-REPAIR AND SELF-CLEANING OF THE LEPIDOPTERAN PROBOSCIS A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy ENTOMOLOGY by Suellen Floyd Pometto August 2019 Accepted by: Dr. Peter H. Adler, Major Advisor and Committee Co-Chair Dr. Eric Benson, Committee Co-Chair Dr. Richard Blob Dr. Patrick Gerard i ABSTRACT The proboscis of butterflies and moths is a key innovation contributing to the high diversity of the order Lepidoptera. In addition to taking nectar from angiosperm sources, many species take up fluids from overripe or sound fruit, plant sap, animal dung, and moist soil. The proboscis is assembled after eclosion of the adult from the pupa by linking together two elongate galeae to form one tube with a single food canal. How do lepidopterans maintain the integrity and function of the proboscis while foraging from various substrates? The research questions included whether lepidopteran species are capable of total self- repair, how widespread the capability of self-repair is within the order, and whether the repaired proboscis is functional. -
Factors Involved in the Maintenance of the Grassy Balds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 3-1968 Factors Involved in the Maintenance of the Grassy Balds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park Stephen Walker Radford University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Radford, Stephen Walker, "Factors Involved in the Maintenance of the Grassy Balds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 1968. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1446 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Stephen Walker Radford entitled "Factors Involved in the Maintenance of the Grassy Balds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Botany. Edward E. C. Clebsch, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Ronald H. Peterson, Edward R. Buckner Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) February 28, 1968 To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Stephen Walker Radford entitled "Factors Involved in the Maintenance of the Grassy Balds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park." I recommend that it be accepted for nine quarter hours of credit in partial fulfillment o�the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Botany. -
Urban Indicators for UK Butterflies
Ecological Indicators 76 (2017) 184–193 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Ecological Indicators jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolind Original Article Urban indicators for UK butterflies a,b,∗ a c b Emily B. Dennis , Byron J.T. Morgan , David B. Roy , Tom M. Brereton a School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK b Butterfly Conservation, Manor Yard, East Lulworth, Wareham, UK c Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, UK a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Most people live in urban environments and there is a need to produce abundance indices to assist Received 26 October 2016 policy and management of urban greenspaces and gardens. While regional indices are produced, with Received in revised form the exception of birds, studies of the differences between urban and rural areas are rare. We explore 19 December 2016 these differences for UK butterflies, with the intention to describe changes that are relevant to people Accepted 10 January 2017 living in urban areas, in order to better connect people with nature in support of conservation, provide a Available online 3 February 2017 measure relevant to human well-being, and assess the biodiversity status of the urban environment. Transects walked under the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme are classified as urban or rural, using Keywords: Abundance a classification for urban morphological zones. We use models from the Generalised Abundance Index Biodiversity family to produce urban and rural indices of relative abundance for UK butterfly species. -
Mardon Skipper Site Management Plans
Mardon Skipper (Polites mardon) Site Management Plans Gifford Pinchot National Forest Service Cowlitz Valley Ranger District Prepared by John Jakubowski North Zone Wildlife Biologist Reviewed by Rich Hatfield, The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation October 2, 2015 Cowlitz Valley Ranger District Mardon Skipper Sites Group Meadow Longitude Latitude Area (acres) Elevation (ft.) Midway Midway 121 32.0 46 21.2 8 4,313 Midway PCT 121 31.1 46 21.1 2 4,530 Midway 115 Spur 121 30.9 46 21.0 3 4,494 Midway Grapefern 121 30.9 46 21.5 3 4,722 Midway 7A North 121 31.4 46 21.5 2 4,657 Midway 7A South 121 31.5 46 21.4 2 4,625 Midway 7A 121 31.1 46 21.4 7 4,676 Muddy Muddy 121 32.2 46.18.5 4 4,450 Muddy Lupine 121 31.8 46 18.7 3 4,398 Spring Cr Spring Cr. 121 33.5 46 20.4 unknown 3,900 Goal of the Management Plans Maintain and improve grassland/forb habitat at known occupancy meadow sites to ensure continued occupancy by mardon skipper butterfly as well as other important pollinator species such as western bumble bee. 1 Introduction On the Gifford Pinchot National Forest (GPNF), mardon skippers were first detected on the Mt. Adams Ranger District (MTA) in 2000 and on Cowlitz Valley Ranger District (CVRD) in 2002. Mardon skippers are known to inhabit ten, upland dry grassy meadows on the CVRD. Portions of the meadows are mesic and are unsuitable mardon skipper habitat. -
Appendix 2: Plant Lists
Appendix 2: Plant Lists Master List and Section Lists Mahlon Dickerson Reservation Botanical Survey and Stewardship Assessment Wild Ridge Plants, LLC 2015 2015 MASTER PLANT LIST MAHLON DICKERSON RESERVATION SCIENTIFIC NAME NATIVENESS S-RANK CC PLANT HABIT # OF SECTIONS Acalypha rhomboidea Native 1 Forb 9 Acer palmatum Invasive 0 Tree 1 Acer pensylvanicum Native 7 Tree 2 Acer platanoides Invasive 0 Tree 4 Acer rubrum Native 3 Tree 27 Acer saccharum Native 5 Tree 24 Achillea millefolium Native 0 Forb 18 Acorus calamus Alien 0 Forb 1 Actaea pachypoda Native 5 Forb 10 Adiantum pedatum Native 7 Fern 7 Ageratina altissima v. altissima Native 3 Forb 23 Agrimonia gryposepala Native 4 Forb 4 Agrostis canina Alien 0 Graminoid 2 Agrostis gigantea Alien 0 Graminoid 8 Agrostis hyemalis Native 2 Graminoid 3 Agrostis perennans Native 5 Graminoid 18 Agrostis stolonifera Invasive 0 Graminoid 3 Ailanthus altissima Invasive 0 Tree 8 Ajuga reptans Invasive 0 Forb 3 Alisma subcordatum Native 3 Forb 3 Alliaria petiolata Invasive 0 Forb 17 Allium tricoccum Native 8 Forb 3 Allium vineale Alien 0 Forb 2 Alnus incana ssp rugosa Native 6 Shrub 5 Alnus serrulata Native 4 Shrub 3 Ambrosia artemisiifolia Native 0 Forb 14 Amelanchier arborea Native 7 Tree 26 Amphicarpaea bracteata Native 4 Vine, herbaceous 18 2015 MASTER PLANT LIST MAHLON DICKERSON RESERVATION SCIENTIFIC NAME NATIVENESS S-RANK CC PLANT HABIT # OF SECTIONS Anagallis arvensis Alien 0 Forb 4 Anaphalis margaritacea Native 2 Forb 3 Andropogon gerardii Native 4 Graminoid 1 Andropogon virginicus Native 2 Graminoid 1 Anemone americana Native 9 Forb 6 Anemone quinquefolia Native 7 Forb 13 Anemone virginiana Native 4 Forb 5 Antennaria neglecta Native 2 Forb 2 Antennaria neodioica ssp. -
Wildlife Panel Minutes of the Meeting Held on 6 March 2019
Wildlife Panel Minutes of the meeting held on 6 March 2019 In attendance: Johnny Birks, Ann Bowker, Peter Garner, Nigel Hand, Charlie Long, Mel Mason, Pete Watson, Duncan Westbury, Helen Woodman + Andy Pearce, Simon Roberts, Jonathan Bills 1. Appointment of Chair. Jonathan Bills welcomed all to the meeting. Pete Watson was elected as chair for 2019. 2. Apologies were received from: Alison Uren, Peter Holmes, John Michael, Helen Stace, Katey Stephen. 3. Matters arising from the previous meeting: Woodland works — JBiIIs stated how useful last year’s outdoor meeting had been hearing the Panel’s thoughts on woodland management that would be of benefit to currently unmanaged foothill woods. This advice has subsequently been incorporated into Malvern Hills Trust’s (MHT) Countryside Stewardship agreement and work is unden/vay. New panel members — at the last meeting it was agreed that, following the loss of several panel members, we should recruit more members, especially a person with knowledge on invertebrates. Three people have been invited to join — Charlie Long, V\fi|| Watson and Richard Comont. Richard and Charlie have agreed to join and no reply has been received from V\fi||. ACTION — JBiIIs to provide info to new members and add them to the email list. 4. Verbal report of last year’s two outdoor meetings was given by Peter Garner. Peter summarised the visits to Central Hi||s woodlands and a glow- worm search and felt they were most interesting and worthwhile. 5. Reports and recommendations from the Panel. Reports on the various taxa and related projects were given by Panel members. -
Grizzled Skipper
Species: Grizzled Skipper (Pyrgus wyandot) Global Rank: G1G2Q State Rank: S1 State Wildlife Action Plan: Immediate Concern Responsibility Species Climate Change Vulnerability: Highly Vulnerable Confidence: Very High Note: This assessment is expected to be similar for other butterflies of specialized or moderately specialized forest clearing habitats, with specific food plants, habitats exposed to gypsy moth spray; and lacking a fire resistant dormant stage (larval and/or pupal). Some examples: - Frosted Elfin (Callophrys irus); Global Rank G3, State Rank S2; Caterpillar hostplant Wild Indigo (Baptisia tinctoria); Habitat typically grassy (Andropogon spp.) openings in oak habitats on sandy rocky soils; sometimes found in disturbed areas with hostplant such as powerline right-of-ways. - Persius Duskywing (Erynnis persius); Global Rank G5T1T3, State Rank S1; Caterpillar hostplant Wild Indigo (Baptisia tinctoria); Habitats include pitch pine- scrub oak barrens, scrubby ridgetops, or powerline right-of-ways within such settings with sandy-gravelly soils. - Northern Metalmark (Calephelis borealis), Global Rank G3G4, State Rank S2; Caterpillar hostplant Round-leaved Ragwort (Senecio obovatus); Habitats are openings within forested or wooded areas such as natural outcrops, shale or limestone barrens, glades or powerline right-of-ways. Habitat (adapted from NatureServe 2008 and Schweitzer 1989): The Grizzled Skipper butterfly is an Appalachian Mountain habitat specialist that requires shale barren habitats with abundant exposed crumbly rock or soil. Shale barrens are semi-open shale slopes with sparse herbaceous vegetation and tend to be surrounded by scrubby oak or oak-hickory woodlands, often with a component of Virginia Pine (Pinus virginiana). A natural area which meets the habitat requirements should maintain itself as a shale barren. -
Botanical Inventory Report
Botanical Inventory Mason Quarry Conservation Area Mason, New Hampshire Erin Schaeffer New England Wild Flower Society © 2013 Prepared by 180 Hemenway Road Framingham, MA 01701 508-877-7630 www.newfs.org Amanda Weise John Burns Conducted in 2013 This report was produced for the Town of Mason, Conservation Commission This project was made possible by a generous donation from Catherine Schwenk TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 4 METHODS ...................................................................................................................................... 6 RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................ 7 PLANT SPECIES ............................................................................................................... 7 PLANT IDENTIFICATIONS ............................................................................................ 7 NATURAL COMMUNITIES ............................................................................................ 8 DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................................. 8 COUNTY RECORDS ........................................................................................................ 9 RARE PLANTS ................................................................................................................. -
A Revision of the New World Plant-Mining Moths of the Family
Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 625 A Revision of the New World Plant-Mining Moths of the Family (Lepidoptera: Nepticuloidea) Donald R. Davis and Jonas R. Stonis SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, com- mencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions in History and Technology Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions from the United States National Herbarium Smithsonian Contributions in Visual and Material Culture Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology In these series, the Institution pubHshes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaus. The Contributions Series are distributed by mailing lists to Ubraries, universities, and similar institutions through- out the world. Manuscripts submitted for series publication are received by the Smith- sonian Institution Scholarly Press from authors with direct affiliation with the various Smithsonian museums or bureaus and are subject to peer review and review for compliance with manuscript preparation guidelines. -
Introduction
BULGARIA Nick Greatorex-Davies. European Butterflies Group Contact ([email protected]) Local Contact Prof. Stoyan Beshkov. ([email protected]) National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Sofia, Butterfly Conservation Europe Partner Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Stanislav Abadjiev compiled and collated butterfly records for the whole of Bulgaria and published a Local Recording Scheme distribution atlas in 2001 (see below). Records are still being gathered and can be sent to Stoyan Beshkov at NMNH, Sofia. Butterfly List See Butterflies of Bulgaria website (Details below) Introduction Bulgaria is situated in eastern Europe with its eastern border running along the Black Sea coast. It is separated from Romania for much of its northern border by the River Danube. It shares its western border with Serbia and Macedonia, and its southern border with Greece and Turkey. Bulgaria has a land area of almost 111,000 sq km (smaller than England but bigger than Scotland) and a declining human population of 7.15 million (as of 2015), 1.5 million of which live in the capital city, Sofia. It is very varied in both climate, topography and habitats. Substantial parts of the country are mountainous, particularly in the west, south-west and central ‘spine’ of the country and has the highest mountain in the Balkan Mountains (Musala peak in the Rila Mountains, 2925m) (Map 1). Almost 70% of the land area is above 200m and over 27% above 600m. About 40% of the country is forested and this is likely to increase through natural regeneration due to the abandonment of agricultural land. Following nearly 500 years under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria was independent for just a few years from 1908 before coming under the domination of the soviet communist regime in 1946. -
Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & Wildlife
Natural Heritage Wild Pink & Endangered Species Silene caroliniana Walt. Program ssp. pensylvanica (Michx.) Clausen www.mass.gov/nhesp State Status: None Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & Wildlife Federal Status: none DESCRIPTION: Wild Pink is a colorful, late-spring, perennial wildflower that grows at the edge of woods, along paths, and in areas not in deep shade. It is best found at the end of May or very early June when the bright pink (sometimes white) flowers are in full display. The flowering period lasts about 12 days. The plant grows in a clump and is about 20 cm (8 inches) in height. There are many leaves at the base of the plant and a pair of opposite, sessile leaves along the stem. The leaves are entire (no teeth along the margins), and the basal leaves are oblanceolate (the end of the leaf is wider than the base). The leaves are up to 12 cm (almost 5 inches) long and vary from 12 to 30 mm (about a half to one inch) wide, and glabrous (without hairs) on both surfaces, with the margins and veins of the leaf pubescent on the lower surface. The petals in this family (the pink family, or Caryophyllaceae) are separate. They appear to be fused into a tube, and the five-petal structure makes these look Photo by NHESP Staff like phlox, but the petals are not joined and can be pulled apart. The outer edge of the petals is not notched. The calyx is a tube of joined sepals which covers the base of the petals. -
Native Plants North Georgia
Native Plants of North Georgia A photo guide for plant enthusiasts Mickey P. Cummings · The University of Georgia® · College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences · Cooperative Extension CONTENTS Plants in this guide are arranged by bloom time, and are listed alphabetically within each bloom period. Introduction ................................................................................3 Blood Root .........................................................................5 Common Cinquefoil ...........................................................5 Robin’s-Plantain ..................................................................6 Spring Beauty .....................................................................6 Star Chickweed ..................................................................7 Toothwort ..........................................................................7 Early AprilEarly Trout Lily .............................................................................8 Blue Cohosh .......................................................................9 Carolina Silverbell ...............................................................9 Common Blue Violet .........................................................10 Doll’s Eye, White Baneberry ...............................................10 Dutchman’s Breeches ........................................................11 Dwarf Crested Iris .............................................................11 False Solomon’s Seal .........................................................12