Relazione Generale - Ambiente Terrestre

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Relazione Generale - Ambiente Terrestre Concessionaria per la progettazione, realizzazione e gestione del collegamento stabile tra la Sicilia e il Continente Organismo di Diritto Pubblico (Legge n° 1158 del 17 dicembre 1971, modificata dal D.Lgs. n°114 del 24 aprile 2003) P O N T E S U L L O S T R E T T O D I M E S S I N A PROGETTO DEFINITIVO EUROLINK S.C.p.A. IMPREGILO S.p.A. (MANDATARIA) SOCIETÀ ITALIANA PER CONDOTTE D’ACQUA S.p.A. (MANDANTE) COOPERATIVA MURATORI E CEMENTISTI - C.M.C. DI RAVENNA SOC. COOP. A.R.L. (MANDANTE) SACYR S.A.U. (MANDANTE) ISHIKAWAJIMA - HARIMA HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO. LTD (MANDANTE) A.C.I. S.C.P.A. - CONSORZIO STABILE (MANDANTE) IL PROGETTISTA IL CONTRAENTE GENERALE STRETTO DI MESSINA STRETTO DI MESSINA Dott. Ing. D. Direttore Generale e Spoglianti Project Manager RUP Validazione Amministratore Delegato Ordine Ingegneri (Ing. P.P. Marcheselli) (Ing. G. Fiammenghi) (Dott. P. Ciucci) Milano n° 20953 Dott. Ing. E. Pagani Ordine Ingegneri Milano n° 15408 Unità Funzionale GENERALE AM0258_F0 Tipo di sistema AMBIENTE Raggruppamento di opere/attività STUDIO DI IMPATTO AMBIENTALE Opera - tratto d’opera - parte d’opera QUADRO DI RIF. AMBIENTALE – FAUNA Titolo del documento RELAZIONE GENERALE - AMBIENTE TERRESTRE C G 0 7 0 0 P R G D G A M I A Q 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 F0 CODICE REV DATA DESCRIZIONE REDATTO VERIFICATO APPROVATO F0 20/06/2011 EMISSIONE FINALE P. MICHELI M. SALOMONE D.SPOGLIANTI NOME DEL FILE: AM0258_F0 revisione interna: 0 Ponte sullo Stretto di Messina PROGETTO DEFINITIVO RELAZIONE GENERALE – AMBIENTE Codice documento Rev Data TERRESTRE AM0258_F0.doc F0 20/06/2011 INDICE INDICE ........................................................................................................................................... 3 Premessa ....................................................................................................................................... 5 1 I rilievi disponibili e gli aggiornamenti operati ........................................................................... 5 2 Aggiornamento del quadro di riferimento normativo ................................................................. 6 3 Struttura e contenuti della relazione ....................................................................................... 14 Inquadramento territoriale ............................................................................................................. 16 4 Il sistema ambientale d’area vasta ......................................................................................... 16 5 Il sistema ambientale di diretto interesse dell’opera ............................................................... 18 6 Metodi di classificazione e analisi .......................................................................................... 21 6.1 Materiali e metodi ........................................................................................................... 21 6.2 La costruzione degli indici ............................................................................................... 23 Stato iniziale della fauna ............................................................................................................... 25 7 Mammiferi .............................................................................................................................. 25 7.1 Comunità dei mammiferi ................................................................................................. 31 8 Invertebrati ............................................................................................................................. 35 8.1 Comunità di invertebrati terrestri ..................................................................................... 57 9 Anfibi e rettili .......................................................................................................................... 67 9.1 Comunità erpetologiche .................................................................................................. 80 10 Avifauna nidificante ............................................................................................................ 83 10.1 Comunità degli uccelli nidificanti ..................................................................................... 91 11 Uccelli migratori ................................................................................................................ 102 Valutazione della qualità ambientale allo stato attuale ................................................................ 109 12 Criteri di valutazione della qualità della componente Fauna ............................................. 109 12.1 Sintesi dei risultati ......................................................................................................... 111 13 Criteri di valutazione della sensibilità della Fauna............................................................. 112 13.1 Modello di definizione delle comunità focali per tipologie ambientali e restituzione cartografica ............................................................................................................................. 113 13.2 Elenco delle aree sensibili e dei fattori di criticità .......................................................... 115 Azioni di progetto e fattori di pressione ....................................................................................... 120 14 Descrizione delle azioni di progetto e dei fattori di pressione ............................................ 120 15 Stima della dimensione, tipologia e qualità delle interazioni ............................................. 129 Eurolink S.C.p.A. Pagina 3 di 220 Ponte sullo Stretto di Messina PROGETTO DEFINITIVO RELAZIONE GENERALE – AMBIENTE Codice documento Rev Data TERRESTRE AM0258_F0.doc F0 20/06/2011 15.1 Misura delle potenziali interferite sulla densità delle popolazioni ................................... 150 15.2 Quadro degli impatti per la fauna terrestre .................................................................... 160 15.3 Quadro degli impatti per l’Avifauna migratoria ............................................................... 161 16 Individuazione delle azioni correttive e di controllo ........................................................... 167 16.1 In fase di costruzione .................................................................................................... 167 16.1.1 Accorgimenti e misure per la riduzione delle interazioni ......................................... 167 16.2 In fase di esercizio ........................................................................................................ 175 16.2.1 Interventi di mitigazione, ripristino e riqualificazione ambientale ............................ 175 Valutazione degli impatti residui .................................................................................................. 180 17 Parametri di valutazione della pressione ambientale e della sensibilità ............................ 180 18 Definizione delle aree e del giudizio di impatto ................................................................. 184 18.1 Ambiti di impatto ........................................................................................................... 194 18.2 Sintesi dei giudizi di impatto ottenuti ............................................................................. 206 19 Proposte di compensazione degli impatti residuali ........................................................... 211 Eurolink S.C.p.A. Pagina 4 di 220. Ponte sullo Stretto di Messina PROGETTO DEFINITIVO RELAZIONE GENERALE – AMBIENTE Codice documento Rev Data TERRESTRE AM0258_F0.doc F0 20/06/2011 Premessa 1 I rilievi disponibili e gli aggiornamenti operati Scopo dello studio è stato quello di aggiornare il quadro di riferimento tecnico-scientifico del SIA 2003 per la componente Fauna sulla base delle richieste di integrazione e dell’aggiornamento del progetto dell’opera. Le valutazioni sulla componente fauna relative alla versione del progetto 2002 sono riportate nel SIA 2003 e in particolare nella Sottosezione C.3 – vegetazione, flora fauna ed ecosistemi - Relazione Generale (PP3R C30 001, parte 1 e parte 2) ed allegati alla relazione (PP3R C30 002 e003), e tavole grafiche: PP3D C31 001 ÷ 013 stato attuale; PP3D C32 001 ÷ 004 impatti. Gli aggiornamenti si sono resi necessari sia per una verifica dello stato attuale della componente, a distanza di otto anni dallo studio precedente, sia per tentare di quantificare e localizzare in modo più rigoroso gli effetti delle azioni di progetto sulla componente. I dati aggiornati nel presente studio sono stati basati sull’analisi della letteratura scientifica disponibile e sopralluoghi sul campo, e verificati anche in base alle risultanze dell’attività di monitoraggio dell’area vasta avviata per l’anno 2010 relativamente alle componenti Vegetazione e Flora, Fauna ed Ecosistemi, attraverso la consultazione dei quattro rapporti periodici forniti dal committente (AA.VV., 2010). Tali dati hanno permesso di verificare, per i gruppi di fauna monitorati, il quadro conoscitivo dell’area di studio. I dati raccolti nella fase di monitoraggio, tuttora in corso, e i rilievi condotti sono riferiti all’area vasta e non riguardano le aree di progetto (aree di cantierizzazione e e aree occupate in fase di esercizio). Un contributo significativo per l’aggiornamento dei dati della componente fauna, per il gruppo dell’avifauna migratoria, è derivato anche dalla disponibilità degli studi di settore settore elaborati dalla Società SdM durante il corso
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