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Threats to Academic Freedom in Venezuela: Legislative Im- Positions and Patterns of Discrimination Towards University Teachers and Students
Interdisciplinary Political Studies http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/idps ISSN: 2039 -8573 (electronic version) IdPS, Issue 3(1) 2017: 145-169 DOI: 10.1285/ i20398573v3n1p145 Published in December 11, 2017 RESEARCH ARTICLE 145 Threats to Academic Freedom in Venezuela: Legislative Im- positions and Patterns of Discrimination Towards University Teachers and Students Mayda Hocevar Nelson Rivas University of Los Andes – Venezuela University of Los Andes – Venezuela David Gómez University of Zulia – Venezuela ABSTRACT As democracy is weakened and economic and social conditions deteriorate, there are increasing threats to academic freedom and autonomy in Venezuelan universities. Although academic freedom and university autonomy are legally and constitutionally recognized, public policies and ‘new legisla- tion’ undermine them. Military and paramilitary forces violently repress student protests. Frequent- ly, students are arbitrarily detained, physically attacked, and psychologically pressured through in- terrogations about their political views and their supposed "plans to destabilize the government". A parallel system of non-autonomous universities has been created under a pensée unique established by the Socialist Plans of the Nation. Discrimination has increased, both in autonomous and non- autonomous universities. This paper will expose the legal and political policies undermining aca- demic freedom in Venezuela under the governments of former president Hugo Chávez and current president Nicolás Maduro. Patterns of attacks against -
Misión Madres Del Barrio: a Bolivarian Social Program Recognizing Housework and Creating a Caring Economy in Venezuela
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by KU ScholarWorks MISIÓN MADRES DEL BARRIO: A BOLIVARIAN SOCIAL PROGRAM RECOGNIZING HOUSEWORK AND CREATING A CARING ECONOMY IN VENEZUELA BY Cory Fischer-Hoffman Submitted to the graduate degree program in Latin American Studies and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master’s of Arts. Committee members Elizabeth Anne Kuznesof, Phd. ____________________ Chairperson Tamara Falicov, Phd. ____________________ Mehrangiz Najafizadeh, Phd. ____________________ Date defended: May 8, 2008 The Thesis Committee for Cory Fischer-Hoffman certifies that this is the approved Version of the following thesis: MISIÓN MADRES DEL BARRIO: A BOLIVARIAN SOCIAL PROGRAM RECOGNIZING HOUSEWORK AND CREATING A CARING ECONOMY IN VENEZUELA Elizabeth Anne Kuznesof, Phd. ________________________________ Chairperson Date approved:_______________________ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is a product of years of activism in the welfare rights, Latin American solidarity, and global justice movements. Thank you to all of those who I have worked and struggled with. I would especially like to acknowledge Monica Peabody, community organizer with Parents Organizing for Welfare and Economic Rights (formerly WROC) and all of the welfare mamas who demand that their caring work be truly valued. Gracias to my compas, Greg, Wiley, Simón, Kaya, Tessa and Caro who keep me grounded and connected to movements for justice, and struggle along side me. Thanks to my thesis committee for helping me navigate through the bureaucracy of academia while asking thoughtful questions and providing valuable guidance. I am especially grateful to the feedback and editing support that my dear friends offered just at the moment when I needed it. -
Les Temps Modernes SOMMAIRE N°697
Les Temps Modernes SOMMAIRE N°697 VENEZUELA 1998-2018 LE PAYS DES FRACTURES Avant-propos 3 PAULA VÁSQUEZ LEZAMA Introduction 4 PAULA CADENAS Le Venezuela, ce navire à la dérive... 11 MARGARITA LÓPEZ MAYA L’échec du chavisme 34 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE, PEDRO NIKKEN, EDGARDO LANDER La crise vénézuélienne : diagnostics et perspectives (entretiens) 62 ALEJANDRO MARTÍNEZ UBIEDA Le Parlement harcelé 91 LUIS GÓMEZ CALCAÑO Exister, est-ce résister ? « Société civile » et protestation 112 HÉCTOR TORRES Les sociétés malades produisent leurs propres anticorps 129 PAULA VÁSQUEZ LEZAMA La faim et le politique. Chavisme et pénurie alimentaire 134 RAFAEL SÁNCHEZ Les yeux de Chávez. Populisme et post-vérité 151 CANTAURA LA CRUZ Morts violentes, incertitudes et pénuries dans les terres d’Aragua 166 G01736_Les_temps_modernes_BAT.indb 1 29/01/2018 17:20:39 2 LES TEMPS MODERNES EMILIANO TERÁN MANTOVANI Une géographie des conflits écologiques 177 JOSÉ MANUEL PUENTE Histoire d’un désastre économique et social 197 FRÉDÉRIQUE LANGUE « Lève-toi, Simón, ce n’est pas l’heure de mourir ». La réinvention du Libérateur et l’histoire officielle au Venezuela 210 ANGELINA JAFFÉ CARBONELL De l’usage politique des commissions de vérité sous le chavisme 231 ANA TERESA TORRES Blessures symboliques : six moments de la Révolution bolivarienne 235 GISELA KOZAK-ROVERO Mémoires d’une universitaire rangée : les fantômes de Castro 243 ANNEXE 253 CHRONIQUES ARNAUD DESPLECHIN Les Quatre Sœurs de Claude Lanzmann. Lumière, Edison 268 MICHELINE B. SERVIN Quel théâtre et pourquoi ? 275 G01736_Les_temps_modernes_BAT.indb 2 29/01/2018 17:20:39 AVANT-PROPOS Le temps des revues n’est pas celui de l’actualité à chaud, elles ne sont « sur » ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler « l’événement » que rare- ment et par un hasard propice ; leur format, les contraintes de leur fabrication et de leur diffusion les obligent au recul. -
The Transformational Potential of Higher Education Inclusion
n the fi eld of higher education research, one of the most fascinating observations is the consistent and permanent expansion of higher education systems worldwide since theI end of the Second World War. Undoubtedly, the predominant approach to address Jesús Humberto Pineda Olivieri these developments has been through quantitative analysis, as well as international comparisons. The following work examines the particularities of the Venezuelan context with the aim of identifying specifi c features of this worldwide phenomenon in this South The Transformational Potential American case. Through a combination of qualitative methods, the author proposes a of Higher Education Inclusion biographical approach for the study of higher education inclusion processes, which takes into account the perspectives and experiences of those who have been targeted by an ambitious higher education expansion process. The most distinctive feature of this work Biographical Trajectories of Students would be its methodological contribution to the fi eld of higher education research. One from Disadvantaged Environments could also argue that the ethnographic account of the Bolivarian Missions of education in Venezuela in Chavez’s Venezuela is both original and unprecedented. Furthermore, the writing approach bridges the interests of both academics, practitioners of the fi eld and members of the general public. Jesús Humberto Pineda Olivieri The Transformational Potential of Higher Education Inclusion ISBN: 978-3-86395-310-2 Universitätsverlag Göttingen Universitätsverlag -
Exploring Hugo Chávez's Use of Mimetisation to Build a Populist
Exploring Hugo Chávez’s use of mimetisation to build a populist hegemony in Venezuela Elena Block Rincones MSc, BA A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2013 School of Journalism and Communication Abstract “You too are Chávez”… (Hugo Chávez, 2012i) This thesis examines the political communication style developed by Hugo Chávez in his hegemonic construction of power and collective identity during the 14 years he governed Venezuela. This thesis is located in the field of political communication. A culturalist approach is used for the case, which prioritises issues of culture and power and acknowledges the role of human agency. Thus, it specifically focuses on the way the late President appears to have incrementally built an emotional, mimetic bond with his publics in a process that culminated in the mimetisation of the leader and his followers in a new collective, but top-down, identity called Chávez. This process expresses a hegemonic dynamic that involved the displacement of former dominant groups and rearrangement of power relations in Venezuela. The logic of mimetisation proposes an incremental logic of articulation whereby I tried to make sense of Chávez’s political communication style and success. It involves the study of the thread that joined together key elements in Chávez’s political communication style: hegemony and identity construction, political culture, populism, mediatisation, and communicational government. It is a style that appears to have exceeded classic populist forms of communication based on exerting an appeal to the people, towards more inclusive, participatory, symbolic-pragmatic forms of practising political communication that may have constituted the key to Chávez’s political success for 14 years. -
Leftist Populism and Sustainable Development in Latin America Carina Kjelstad Seton Hall University
Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs) 5-2006 Leftist Populism and Sustainable Development in Latin America Carina Kjelstad Seton Hall University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/dissertations Part of the Agricultural and Resource Economics Commons, Environmental Policy Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Latin American Studies Commons, Leadership Studies Commons, and the Policy Design, Analysis, and Evaluation Commons Recommended Citation Kjelstad, Carina, "Leftist Populism and Sustainable Development in Latin America" (2006). Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs). 2385. https://scholarship.shu.edu/dissertations/2385 Leftist Populism and Sustainable Development in Latin America Master's Thesis DIPL6312JA By Carina Kjelstad Advisor: Professor Margarita Balmaceda Second Reader: Professor Maria Gomez-Mera May 2006 APPROVAL OF MASTER'S THESIS DEFENSE tANDIDATE APPROVED BY MENTOR EMEMBER ( � ASSO� OF ACADEMIC AFFAIRS Abstract Sustainable development still remains the best option to secure a viable future. Why are some leaders more prone to implement sustainable development policies than others, and does the leaders' political orientation affect such decision-making? Leaders are often faced with constraints that make them choose policies that do not necessarily lead to sustainability from an ecological point of view. This thesis addresses these issues by examining two case studies that involve an analysis of the sustainable development policies implemented by President Lula in Brazil and President Chavez in Venezuelaand the constraints that have hindered them in doing so. 2 ABSTRACT 2 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 4 METHODOLOGY 5 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 8 Sustainable Development 8 Populism I I POLICY SIGNIFICANCE 13 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICIES 14 OUTLINE 16 CHAPTER 2. -
Participatory Democracy in Chávez's Bolivarian Revolution
Who Mobilizes? Participatory Democracy in Chávez’s Bolivarian Revolution Kirk A. Hawkins ABSTRACT This article assesses popular mobilization under the Chávez gov- ernment’s participatory initiatives in Venezuela using data from the AmericasBarometer survey of 2007. This is the first study of the so- called Bolivarian initiatives using nationally representative, individ- ual-level data. The results provide a mixed assessment. Most of the government’s programs invite participation from less active seg- ments of society, such as women, the poor, and the less educated, and participation in some programs is quite high. However, much of this participation clusters within a narrow group of activists, and a disproportionate number of participants are Chávez supporters. This partisan bias probably reflects self-screening by Venezuelans who accept Chávez’s radical populist discourse and leftist ideology, rather than vote buying or other forms of open conditionality. Thus, the Venezuelan case suggests some optimism for proponents of par- ticipatory democracy, but also the need to be more attuned to its practical political limits. uring the past decade, leftist governments with participatory dem- Docratic agendas have come to power in many Latin American coun- tries, implementing institutional reforms at the local and, increasingly, the national level. This trend has generated a scholarly literature assess- ing the nature of participation in these initiatives; that is, whether they embody effective attempts at participatory forms of democracy that mobilize and empower inactive segments of society (Goldfrank 2007; Wampler 2007a). This article advances this discussion by studying popular mobiliza- tion under the government of Hugo Chávez in Venezuela, referred to here as the Bolivarian Revolution or Chavismo. -
I Kebijakan-Kebijakan Pemerintahan Hugo Chavez Di
KEBIJAKAN-KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAHAN HUGO CHAVEZ DI VENEZUELA (1999-2011) SKRIPSI Diajukan kepada Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta untuk Memenuhi Sebagian Persyaratan Guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Oleh: AFEB ANDRIANTO 08406241039 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA 2012 i MOTTO Pikirkanlah Nasib Rakyat (Pesan Soekarno) Orang biasa layak mendapat kehormatan yang lebih daripada seorang penjahat yang mengenakan mahkota. (Thomas Paine) Kita mesti mengalahkan imperialisme untuk menyelamatkan diri kita, dan tidak hanya diri kita sendiri, tetapi juga menyelamatkan dunia. (Hugo Chavez) Saya bukanlah Presiden, saya adalah Pelayan Rakyat! (Mahmoud Ahmadinejad) v PERSEMBAHAN Dengan tidak mengurangi rasa syukurku kepada Allah SWT yang telah memberiku karunia yang tak terhingga, skripsi ini kupersembahkan untuk. Kedua orang tuaku. Ibu Nunung Hazanah dan Bapak Poniran. Atas limpahan doa, keikhlasan, semangat, kerja keras, pengorbanan, dukungan baik moril maupun materiil, dan segalanya yang telah diberikan. Almamater tercinta Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Kubingkiskan skripsi ini untuk. Adikku, Taufiq Marta Kurniawan yang selalu mendukung dan mendoakan serta menyayangiku, terimakasih. Keluarga Besar di Magelang, Purworejo, Semarang, Bandung, dan Pontianak terimakasih banyak atas segala bantuan yang telah diberikan. Annisa Fajarani yang selalu membantu, memberikan semangat, dukungan serta doa selama ini, terimakasih banyak atas -
A Decade Under Chávez Political Intolerance and Lost Opportunities for Advancing Human Rights in Venezuela
A Decade Under Chávez Political Intolerance and Lost Opportunities for Advancing Human Rights in Venezuela Copyright © 2008 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-371-4 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 64-66 Rue de Lausanne 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org September 2008 1-56432-371-4 A Decade Under Chávez Political Intolerance and Lost Opportunities for Advancing Human Rights in Venezuela I. Executive Summary .................................................................................................... 1 Political Discrimination ............................................................................................2 The Courts ...............................................................................................................3 -
Hugo Chávez and the Bolivarian Revolution Cannon 00 20/8/09 04:12 Page Ii Cannon 00 20/8/09 04:12 Page Iii
Cannon 00 20/8/09 04:12 Page i Hugo Chávez and the Bolivarian revolution Cannon 00 20/8/09 04:12 Page ii Cannon 00 20/8/09 04:12 Page iii Hugo Chávez and the Bolivarian revolution Populism and democracy in a globalised age Barry Cannon Manchester University Press Manchester Cannon 00 20/8/09 04:12 Page iv Copyright © Barry Cannon 2009 The right of Barry Cannon to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Published by Manchester University Press Altrincham Street, Manchester M1 7JA www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for ISBN 978 0 7190 7771 5 hardback ISBN 978 0 7190 7772 2 paperback First published 2009 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or any third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not gurantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Typeset by Helen Skelton, Brighton, UK Cannon 00 20/8/09 04:12 Page v Contents List of abbreviations and terms page vii List of tables xi Acknowledgements xiii Introduction 1 1 Populism and Latin America: context, causes, characteristics and consequences 12 2 Structural fractures, crises, the state and the emergence of Chávez 31 3 The leader and the led: hegemonic strategies in -
Antipoverty Programmes in Venezuela
Jnl Soc. Pol. (2011), 40, 4, 835–852 C Cambridge University Press 2011 doi:10.1017/S0047279411000018 Antipoverty Programmes in Venezuela ANNE DAGUERRE The Business School, Middlesex University, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, email: [email protected] Abstract This article analyses Venezuelan antipoverty programmes under the presidency of Hugo Chavez,´ the leader of the ‘Bolivarian Revolution’ (1998–present).Supportforpoorpeoplehas become the government’s trademark since the creation in 2002–03 of a series of emergency social programmes, the Missions. These programmes attend to the basic needs of low-income individuals in terms of nutrition, health and education. The Missions are characterised by a pattern of institutional bypassing which makes their long-term institutionalisation difficult. Do the Missions really introduce a break with previous social policies? To answer this question, we first analyse the evolution of the Venezuelan social state. Second, we review the development of the Missions, especially the Mission Vuelvan Caras,nowChe Guevara, an active labour market programme. Third, we provide an assessment of the Social Missions and identify ruptures and continuities with past social assistance policies. The main contention is that the Missions exhibit a strong pattern of path dependency, despite the ideological and discursive ruptures that have attended the presidency of Hugo Chavez.´ Introduction This article investigates the extent to which antipoverty programmes known as the Social Missions in Hugo Chavez’s´ Venezuela represent a real rupture in Venezuelan social policies. Venezuela, like most Latin American countries, possesses a system of social protection that is both hybrid and highly fragmented. Social security is contributory based and linked to occupational status, with high coverage for workers in the public sector and almost no coverage for workers in the informal economy. -
Looking to the Future: Examining the Dynamics of ALBA
Looking to the Future: Examining the dynamics of ALBA Emine Tahsin* ALBA (Bolivarian Alternative for the Peoples of Our America) is seen as an alternative integration model that has emerged from Latin America. To what extent is it possible to see ALBA as an alternative integration model? In order to answer this question, let us simply recall the traditional economic integration theory that is based on comparative advantage theory and general/partial equlibrium theory. The main purpose of integration is to increase welfare via trade creation.1 The purpose of integration is resource allocation on the basis of market efficiency and welfare optimization. Based on these, free mobility of four main factors (capital, labour, commodities/goods and services) should be obtained for complete economic integration. For the mobility of these factors, the most important aims are to eliminate discrimination within the integrated markets and the application of common policies and common measures to the third countries. So under these conditions, markets and firms integrate in the first place. Liberalization within the integrated markets and protection against third parties lead to specialization on the basis of comparative advantages. Usually, as is observed from the traditional integration experiences, countries with bigger markets experience larger increases in welfare gains. Where a developed country integrates with a less developed country, it is observed that unequal develeopment continues. Since integration of markets and firms leads to the concentration and centralization of capital, international specialization is not equally distributed.2 * The author is with the Faculty of Economics, Department of Economics, İstanbul University, İstanbul-Turkey. Born in Cyprus in 1972, she got her graduate degree from İstanbul University’s Faculty of Economics, Department of Economics (English).