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PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH | Volume - 9 | Issue - 8 | August - 2020 | PRINT ISSN No. 2250 - 1991 | DOI : 10.36106/paripex philosophy is a process of argument methods and they skandha, the sangitiparyaya. One more the feature relevant in developed gradually along with controversy of master- the way of interpretation Abhidamma that is the upadesa- an debater of Buddhist schools. Although, most of the expository discourse. As the exposition of Samghabhadra the Abhidhamma texts were written down by the Sanskrit upadesa also refers to the explanations in accordance with language but a misfortune for us that a part of them just remain reasoning given by who has seen the deep meanings of the catalogue of name, most of them doctrines are lost. However, sutras or a wise man and it is called mtk , it is also called fortunately for Buddhism that these texts of doctrine did not Abhidhamma while that face to face (abhi) account of utterly destructed, they were translated by Chinese scholars characteristics of dhammas, or interpretation regard upadesa into Chinese langue and it is also translated into Tibetan of Yogacara school. The upadesa is an investigation into the language by prominent Tibetan scholars up till now5. profound of Sutrapitaka and assert that all of essential of buddha's words (buddha- vacana) is known as upadesa8. These Hinayana schools were step by step to complete defined and appropriate their distinctive doctrine positions 2. Definitions of Abhidhamma term event the fact that they are seen as a evolution from the Vinaya In the Theraveda tradition the Abhidhamma have two main Pitaka and Sutra Pitaka- the texts claim to be as the pristine meaning capable for it. The first is 'supplementary (atreka) words of the Lord Buddha, much as we can see, the sects were doctrines', and other word is 'special (visasa) or superior collected and compared as well- known fact of studied in (visittha) doctrines'. Although any way of meaning they are extant Pli Nikaya and the Agama texts in Chinese. also interpretation of the 'supreme (uttama) doctrines', and the term 'abhi' as known as 'supreme', 'excellent', and the term In anyway of sides, the origin of Abhidhamma is derive in the dhamma as 'the doctrine'. Sometime have some scholars said sutras, and the term of Abhidhamma often along with that the 'abhi' is mean 'pertaining to' then Abhidhamma is said Abhivinaya. The Abhidhamma texts are also contributed to 'pertaining to the doctrine'. system Buddhist doctrine when its aiming for unfolding a clarifying in the way of interpretation of Buddha's teaching In other fact of northern Buddhist tradition, great Chinese and seem as 'about dhamma'. scholar Xuan Zang interpret Abhidhamma as 'facing'. However, there are many ways to explain the perfect words for A feature more of Abhidhamma in the Hinayana tradition is Abhdhamma but it is really numerous explanatory and that the solemn discussion between Bhikhus revelated to the elaborated differently for term Abhidhamma. spiritual. As an example, is the Mahagosinga sutta mentioned the conversation between bhikkhus Sariputta, Ananda, As the interpretation in Abhidhammikas then it is called like Anurudha, and others about the kind of bhikkhus can be seen that because it utterly determines the characteristics of in the engagement in Abhidhamma-katha and later in the 6th dhammas; it can examine and penetrate to the all dhammas; it century Buddhaghosa a commentator belong Theravada is also can directly realize anything regard to the dhammas; it school was connected dhammakathika with Abhidhamma. In provides deeply and profound nature of dhammas; the the Hinayana school explanation that Abhidhamma is a wisdom-eye of the noble truth ones opened purified; and who clarification of dhammas bases on means of logical reasoning one can extremely well- speaking with regard to the special (nyaya) and all dhammas have natures and characteristics and common characteristics in Abhidhamma he cannot which is cannot be analytical without longer discussion. This faulted in any way and fell contradict the nature of dhammas. it analytical and discussion is capable to make illuminate to the can refute all the non-Buddhist views. extremely and strong darkness points of ignorance. Other fact, under the interpretation of Ven. Vasumitra, it is Besides that, the terms of Abhidhamma 'concerning the called Abhidhamma because it ascertains the nature of the dhamma' and Abhivinaya 'concerning the vinaya' often dhammas derive in the sutras; it can understand the nature of standing juxtaposed in the sutras at the earliest development. the Pratiya-samutapada theory, it can directly realize the four The significance of the formation of Nikaya and Agama noble truths; it is capable penetrate in nirvana. collection were becoming the predominate about the elaboration of Buddha' teaching. As we can find out 35 sutras With the various meanings mentioned above, they may be as Vibhanga recitation and there are 12 sutras under Pli more or less of layers, and have some correspondence in the langue Vibhanga- vagga. Most of them serve for purpose of Theravada school. but they are can subsumed into two broad the explication of the profound meaning in the Buddhas words means: during that the Vibhanga is the method to effect it through an analyze elaboration. It is also a point in connection with the the first is that of clear, the decision of discernment and arise of Abhidhamma system. Indeed, in the earliest period of ascertainment. It bringing out the characteristics of Pli canonical Abhidhamma texts have a noticeable that the Abhidhamma articulated by the Abhidhammika tradition, exist of title named Vibhangappakarana, if we are trying to and emphasizes to its flexible function. trace back to its background, we can see have a relevant with commentary on the sutras such as the Dhammaskandhasastra. the second is that of face to face; this explanations of dhamma The list of thirty- seven doctrinal topics often known as the is perfectly interpreted not only fundamental constituents of dhamma taught by the Buddha who has took them directly, arise and existence but nirvana also as well as the supreme and the bhikkhus are attained to train themselves. And in the Dhamma or doctrine. Mahaparinibana- suttanta known as a summarized dhamma taught by the Lord Buddha in throughout his whole career. In From both facts, we can understand that the 'abhi' as the the fact of representation to the essential characteristic of the 'excellent' and the 'pertaining', and the essential Abhidhamma, we have to examine on phase of the characteristics of Abhidhammic doctrine. organization and systematization, as many scholars asserted that Abhidhamma is the result evolved from mtk. If we try The abhidhamma is defined by Samghabhadhra is all of the to find in the Pali Nikaya suttas as well as the Digha Nikaya we profound discourse relation with the characteristics of can see the traces of mtk in the Sangiti-suttanta. It is dhammas are called Abhidhamma11 . interesting that, at 5th century C.E. there was a scholar Samghabhadra mentioned that mtk vaguely and it is also Thus, the Abhidhamma's characteristics are distinguished bearing mean similar with Abhidhamma, and cites as matrka from two Pitaka as: at the early by Sarvastivada cannonical texts: the Dhamma- The sutra pitaka is the derivation from the Buddha's words for 42 www.worldwidejournals.com PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH | Volume - 9 | Issue - 8 | August - 2020 | PRINT ISSN No. 2250 - 1991 | DOI : 10.36106/paripex no one can refute his doctrine.

The Vinaya Pitaka is the emanation of the Buddha's compassion for sangha and one of path to evolve austere life by morality (sila) for pure purpose of leading the liberation stage and go away from the evil habit.

The Abhidhamma may properly establishe the true characteristics of dhammas and all of the its inner intellectual functions were brought out articulately with the Abhidhammika tradition. Sequentially, the characteristic non- changing intrinsic nature is being a unique existent of dhamma and certainly attested by the JPS and MVS. Those mean that the dhammas are determined with nature, characteristic, without anything can be co-mingle. They are in determine their intrinsic nature. Therefore, we can temporary to going to the conclusion that the sutra is collection all of the original words of Buddha, the Vinaya pitaka is the respect of principle conducts for the sangha community life. The Abhidhamma is the respect of interpretation about the characteristics of dhamma and complete mastery to capable penetrate in the process of transcend mental application as well as effort.

REFERENCE 1. Maurice Walshe (trans), Digha Nikaya, The Long Discourses of The Buddha 2. Bhikkhu Bodhi (trans), Anguttara Nikaya, The Numerical Discourses of The Buddha 3. Bhikkhu Bodhi (trans), Majjhima Nikaya, The Middle Discourses of The Buddha 4. Bhikkhu bodhi, a comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma: the Abhidhammattha Sangaha of Acariya Anurudda, Charleston Buddhist Fellowship, 2007 5. Dhammasangani Atthakatha 6. Abhidharma-nyynusara, 阿毘達磨順正理論 7. Jñānaprasthāna-āstra,阿毘達磨發智論, 8. Abhidharma-mahā-vibhāsā-āstra, 阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論 9. Bhikkhu KL Dhammajoti, Sarvāstivāda Abhidhamma, Center of Buddhist Studies, the University of Hong Kong, 2009 10. Erich Frauwallner, Ernst Steinkellner, Sophie Francis Kidd (trans), Studies in Abhidharma Literature and the Origins of Buddhist Phylosophycal Systems, State University of New York Press, 1995 11. E. Lamotte, History of Indian Buddhism From the Origins to The Saka Era, 1998

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