DOCSLIB.ORG

Life Science Journal 2012;9(4)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Life Science Journal 2012;9(4) Life Science Journal 2012;9(4) http://www.lifesciencesite.com Eulogy in Persian Literature Abbas soltany gerdfaramarzy PhD Candidate, Iranian studies, Institute of oriental studies, National Academy of Sciences,yerevan , Armenian [email protected] Abstract: A great part of Persian literature is consisting of eulogy and elegy. Elegy is a mournful, melancholic or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead and eulogy is a poem that is said in the compliment and adore of a special person, live or dead. By the review of the history of Persian literature we can find that from the beginning of Persian poem, adoring the power owners was in eulogy poems. [Abbas soltany gerdfaramarzy. Eulogy in Persian Literature. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):4768-4773] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 716 Keywords: Poem; Iran; Eulogy; Persian literature 1. Introduction Sad Salman. There were some poets before them as A great part of Persian literature is Rudaki in Samanian court. In other periods of iran consisting of eulogies. Eulogy means to praise and literary, too, many poets , such as Hafez, Saif commend of someone's good attributes and Frghany, Khajoo Kermani, Ferdowsi, Nizami traits.(dehkhoda dictionary). and eulogy poem is a Ganjavi and Fakhruddin As'ad Gorgani, wrote verses praise that poet says for own person eulogized and in praise of great men and gave him , in poetic forms uses from it, for expressing of his moral attributes of qazal and masnavi,.The poets who were active and exalts from his behavior and achievements and after Qaznavid era in eulogy literature were Anvari, opens language to his Respect(Razmjou, Hussein, Khaqani, Moezi Neishaburi and Kamalodin Ismail. 1374) According to Saying of author of the "History eulogy in Khosro and Shirin of Sistan" The first usage of versified speech in The ethical investigation of eulogy in persian verse, Has been eulogy a king , about twelve Khosro and Shirin can be evaluated in two parts centuries ago. citing this book , can be found ofcomplimenting the qualified people and powerful Mohamed bin Vasyf Segzi, is the first one that has men. composed eulogy poem to Farsi, by Eulogy Saffarid 1- Adoring the qualified people yaacob Adoring the wise men was respecting the ethical virtues and human behavior is good. These ای اﻣﯿﺮی ﮐﮫ اﻣﯿﺮان ﺟﮭﺎن ﺧﺎﺻﮫ و ﻋﺎم/ﺑﻨﺪه و ﭼﺎﮐﺮ و ﻣﻮﻻی و compliments cause the propagation of spiritual values ﺳﮓ ﺑﻨﺪو ﻏﻼم and stability of knowledge and morality sovereignty ازﻟــﯽ ﺧﻄـﯽ در ﻟﻮح ﮐـﮫ ﻣﻠﮑﯽ ﺑـﺪھﯽ/ ﺑﮫ اﺑﯽﯾﻮﺳﻒ ﯾﻌﻘﻮبﺑﻦ - in human society and educate high attempts and Author unknown, History of)اﻟﻠﯿﺚ ھﻤـﺎم motivate the talents of right doers to achieve good Sistan, 1314) behavior and doing good deeds. Eulogy was inclined to the men of religion, Among the history of honors of human kings and powerful men of court and the poets, being, the divine Prophets and the people who guided namely from Samanid and Qaznavid tried it to others to be released of the deviance of the children approach them or make the living.. "nizami aroozi," and Adam are more evident. in Articles the poet book "Four Articles" Requisite of From the view of Islam, the adorable people survival of the names of kings, Depends to such are prophets, right doers and the messengers as in eulogies:" So the king from good poets, is not the the Holy Quran in verses 82 to 86 of Anam verse, solution That thay prepare survival of his name and adored 17 messengers as Ibrahim, Eshaq, Yaqub, record his mention in the volumes and books , When Nuh, Davood, Soleiman, Ayub, Yusef, Musa, king becomes an envoy to an inevitable work Did not Zakaria, Yahya, Isa, Elias, Ismail, Yese, Yunes, Lut hold effects from Corps and treasure and treasury and consider them as the right doers. and, his name Will remain eternal because of poetry Muslim poets based on this method adored, of poets. (Razmjoo, Hussein,1374) the Prophet (pbuh) and His family and Kholafay The form of eulogy was Qasideh and the Rashedin after the beginning verses of his poems and greatest eulogy tellers of Persian literature were had wise analyses of ethical virtues of religion and living in Qaznavid era as Onsori, Asjadi, Farokhisistani, Manuchehri Damqani and Masood http://www.lifesciencesite.com 4768 [email protected] Life Science Journal 2012;9(4) http://www.lifesciencesite.com knowledge men showing the friendship and their person, the owner of the secret of Meraj and asked perfection inclination. him to pray for Nezami: ﮐﺎﻟﮭﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﮐﺎر ﺑﮕﺸﺎی زﻧﻔﺲ ﮐﺎﻓﺮش زﻧﺎر In old Persian poem, The Prophet is shining ﺑﮕﺸﺎی and he was considered as the best person to be دﻟﺶ در ﻣﺨﺰن آﺳﺎﯾﺶ آور ﺑﺮآن ﺑﺨﺸﻮدﻧﯽ ﺑﺨﺸﺎﯾﺶ :adored. The following poems آور :Sanayi said اﮔﺮﭼﮫ ﺟﺮم او ﮐﻮھﯽ ﮔﺮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺗﻮ را درﯾﺎی رﺣﻤﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﮫ ﺣﺸﺮ ای دل ارﺛﻨﺎ ﮔﻔﺘﯽ ھﻤﮫ ﮔﻔﺘﯽ ﭼﻮ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﯽ ﮔﻔﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﮑﺮاﻧﺴﺖ Sanayi Qaznavi, Hakim Majdud Ibn Adam, Hadiqe) ﺑﯿﺎﻣﺮزش ،روان آﻣﺮزی آﺧــﺮ ﺧﺪای راﯾﮕﺎن آﻣﺮزی (Al-Hadiqe, p. 206 (ibid, p. 116) آﺧــــﺮ :Atar said ﺧﻮاﺟﮫ دﻧﯿﺎ و دﯾﻦ ﮔﻨﺞ وﻓﺎ/ ﺻﺪروﺑﺪرھﺮ دوﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﺎ Eulogy of powerful men .2 آﻓﺘﺎب ﺷﺮع و درﯾﺎی ﯾﻘﯿﻦ / ﻧــﻮر ﻋﺎﻟـﻢ رﺣﻤــﮫ ﻟﻠــﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﻦ (Atar Neishaburi, Manteq Al-Teir, corrected by Dr. Compliment and adoring the powerful men Mashkur, Tehran. Tehran library publications. 1353. is one of the important issues of Divans and offices P. 17) of old Persian poets that deviated others including the Mulavi: compatibility with the oppressors. These eulogies include the attributes despite the existing attributes in ﺟﺎﻣﮫ ﺳﯿﮫ ﮐﺮدﮐﻔﺮ ﻧﻮر ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﯿﺪ/ طﺒﻞ ﺑﻘﺎ people and most of the poets said the poems to make ﮐﻮﻓﺘﻨﺪ،ﻣﻠﮏ ﻣﺨﻠﺪرﺳﯿﺪ (Molana, Koliat Shams, Corrected by more money. If these greedy poets didn’t achieve their goals, tried to blame that person, as Anvari Badiolzaman Foruzanfar, vol. 2, p. 192). Abiverdy said: Saadi: ﺳﮫ ﺷﻌﺮ رﺳﻢ ﺑﻮد ﺷﺎﻋﺮان طﺎﻣﻊ را/ ﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺢ و دوم ﻗﻄﻌﮫ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﺋﯽ ﻣﺎه ﻓﺮو ﻣﺎﻧﺪ از ﺟﻤﺎل ﻣﺤﻤﺪ / ﺳﺮو ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﮫ اﻋﺘﺪال ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﮔﺮ ﺑﺪاد ﺳﻮم ﺷﮑﺮ ور ﻧﺪاد ھﺠﺎ/ ازاﯾﻦ ﺳﮫ ﺷﻌﺮ دوﮔﻔﺘﻢ دﮔﺮﭼﮫ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﺋﯽ ,Saadi, Qasaid, corrected by Mohammad Ali Forughi) Tehran. Eqbal publications, 1984, p. 17). (Anvari Abiverdi, Divan, attempted by Mohammad In old Persian poem works, after The Taqi Modares Razavi, Tehran, Book publication, Prophet (pbuh), the family of Prophet and Kholafaye 1340, vol. 2, p. 140). Rashedin are considered as the best morality and In the eulogy poem , poet usually started his ethical issue s and adored them with some poems as ghaside by lyricism and then intered in the eulogy of Ferdosi said: person and finally , finished by prayer of the same person(taabid). in this verses ,sometime , is seen also ھﻤﯽ دان ﻋﻠﯽ ﺑﻮد ﺟﻔﺖ ﺑﺘﻮل/ﮐﮫ او را ﺑﮫ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺳﺘﺎﯾﺪ a description of wars of Praised person , that رﺳﻮل mentioned Enemy castle and how to open them and ﮐﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺷﮭﺮﻋﻠﻤﻢ ﻋﻠﯿﻢ دراﺳﺖ/ درﺳﺖ اﯾﻦ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻗﻮل battlefields and difficult and hard campaigns and ﭘﯿﻐﻤﺒﺮاﺳﺖ (Ferdosi, Abolqasem, The book of Kings, battle equipment and such as those and in this kind of jul mole publication, Tehran. Pocket books poetry spoke from Banquet and happiness meetings organization publications, 1345, vol. 1, p. 8). of Kings, Gardens, palaces of kings and official Hakim Ganjeh was a Muslim that adored the meetings of them…( Vazin Poor, nader, AH, 1374.) Prophet in all his books. Sometimes this exaggeration is disgusting In his Khosro and Shirin book considered all and other poets protest. Qazaeri Razi (death, 426) the world as the soil of the Prophet and according to complimented Sultan Mahmood Qaznavi and said: ﺻﻮاب ﮐﺮد ﮐﮫ ﭘﯿﺪا ﻧﮑﺮد ھﺮ دو ﺟﮭﺎن ﯾﮕﺎﻧﮫ اﯾﺰد دادار ﺑﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ the order of God in verse 56 of Ahzab in the Holy و ھﻤﺎل Quran said: " Allah and angels say hello to the و ھﺮﮔﻮﻧﮫ ھﺮ دو ﺟﮭﺎن را ﮐﻒ ﺗﻮ ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪی اﻣﯿﺪ ﺑﻨﺪه ﻧﻤﺎﻧﺪی ﺑﮫ Prophet, o, believers, say hello to him, a good hello" اﯾﺰد ﻣﺘﻌﺎل say hello to the pure soul. He shines the eyes of wise Onsori protested to exaggerate in the eulogy as: men. ﻧﮕﺎه دار ﺗﻮ در ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﻣﻠﻮک ادب ﺑﮫ ﺟﺪ ﺑﮑﻮش و ﻣﺪه ﻋﻘﻞ را ﺑﮫ ھﺰل و ھﺰال ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﮐﺎﻓﺮﯾﻨﺶ ھﺴﺖ ﺧﺎﮐﺶ/ھﺰاران آﻓﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺟﺎن ﭘﺎﮐﺶ زﯾﺎدﺗﯽ ﭼﮫ ﮐﻨﯽ ﮐﺎن ﺑﮫ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺑﺎز ﺷﻮد ﮐﺰ اﯾﻦ ﺳﺒﯿﻞ ﻧﮑﻮھﯿﺪه ﮔﺸﺖ ﭼــﺮاغ اﻓـــﺮوز ﭼﺸﻢ ﺑﯿﻨﺶ/طــــﺮاز ﮐﺎرﮔـﺎه آﻓﺮﯾﻨـــــﺶ ﻣﺬھﺐ ﻏﺎل .(Khosroroshan, p. 115) Nezami considered The Prophet (pbuh) in (Mahjub, Dr. Mohammad Jafar, Khorasani style in this eulogy as the commander of loyalty battle, the Persian poem, Tehran: Tarbiat Moalem publications, commander of the army of Messengers, Shafi of The 1345, p. 468, 469). needy people, the treasure of the needy people, the Although hypocrite poets sold their arts to key of divine treasure, sheltering wisdom had some achieve money and position in the court, but these miracles that made the unbelievers embarrassed, kind http://www.lifesciencesite.com 4769 [email protected] Life Science Journal 2012;9(4) http://www.lifesciencesite.com poets were killed, imprisoned with a change by the Zabihollah, The history of Literature in Iran, vol. 2, king who honored them. Some poets as Masood Saed p.26). Salman, Falaki Shervani, Abolala Ganjavi and Mojir The true reason of eulogy Bilqani were the miserable poets. Such degradations Nezami was one of the great men and due to his caused that some poets blame others as the poem of benefit of common sciences of poem, astronomy, Ohad Al-Din Mohammad Anvari: medicine, philosophy, Islamic Phigh, Morality, etc and the evidences are shown in the works and he was ای ﺑﺮادرﺑﺸﻨﻮاﯾﻦ رﻣﺰی زﺷﻌﺮوﺷﺎﻋﺮی ﺗﺎزﻣﺎﻣﺸﺘﯽ ﮔﺪاﮐﺲ راﺑﮫ called Hakim.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 115 the Position of Politics in the Metamorphosis of Persian Poetry
    The position of politics in the metamorphosis of Persian poetry and literature is the main subject of this research. In this study, politics is considered as a general term. Biographies and the history of literature each from their own view express the reasons for the growth and decline of Persian language and literature. This study aims to prove what is said so far about the causes of change and metamorphosis of Persian poetry and literature is a mere cause but can be considered as one of the reasons for the metamorphosis of poetry style. The authors of this article believe that the political, social, religious, cultural, economic, historical, regional and environmental factors and other reasons have affected the metamorphosis of Persian poetry and literature. The authors consider the results of the past review of Persian literature as a necessity to draw a future map and to encourage the scholars and thinkers for innovative, attractive, creative and compatible planning with the new conditions of the today world. Considering the cyberspace and social networks is another point in this study which emphasized the importance of applying these kinds of inclusive technologies in Persian language and literature promotion. Keywords: Politics, Poetry, Literature, Poetry Styles La posición de la política en la metamorfosis de la poesía y la literatura persa es el tema principal de esta investigación. En este estudio, la política se considera como un término general. Las biografías y la historia de la literatura, desde su propio punto de vista, expresan las razones del crecimiento y el declive de la lengua y la literatura persa.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi
    Official Digitized Version by Victoria Arakelova; with errata fixed from the print edition ON THE MODERN POLITICIZATION OF THE PERSIAN POET NEZAMI GANJAVI YEREVAN SERIES FOR ORIENTAL STUDIES Edited by Garnik S. Asatrian Vol.1 SIAVASH LORNEJAD ALI DOOSTZADEH ON THE MODERN POLITICIZATION OF THE PERSIAN POET NEZAMI GANJAVI Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies Yerevan 2012 Siavash Lornejad, Ali Doostzadeh On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi Guest Editor of the Volume Victoria Arakelova The monograph examines several anachronisms, misinterpretations and outright distortions related to the great Persian poet Nezami Ganjavi, that have been introduced since the USSR campaign for Nezami‖s 800th anniversary in the 1930s and 1940s. The authors of the monograph provide a critical analysis of both the arguments and terms put forward primarily by Soviet Oriental school, and those introduced in modern nationalistic writings, which misrepresent the background and cultural heritage of Nezami. Outright forgeries, including those about an alleged Turkish Divan by Nezami Ganjavi and falsified verses first published in Azerbaijan SSR, which have found their way into Persian publications, are also in the focus of the authors‖ attention. An important contribution of the book is that it highlights three rare and previously neglected historical sources with regards to the population of Arran and Azerbaijan, which provide information on the social conditions and ethnography of the urban Iranian Muslim population of the area and are indispensable for serious study of the Persian literature and Iranian culture of the period. ISBN 978-99930-69-74-4 The first print of the book was published by the Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies in 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Things Ive Been Silent About: Memories of a Prodigal Daughter Free
    FREE THINGS IVE BEEN SILENT ABOUT: MEMORIES OF A PRODIGAL DAUGHTER PDF Azar Nafisi | 368 pages | 04 Feb 2010 | Cornerstone | 9780099487128 | English | London, United Kingdom Things I've Been Silent About by Azar Nafisi She is the niece of famous Iranian scholar, fiction writer and poet Saeed Nafisi. Nafisi was born in Tehran, Iran. She is the daughter of Nezhat and Ahmad Nafisi, a former mayor of Tehran —who was the youngest man ever appointed to the post at that time. Nafisi was raised in Tehran and at thirteen years old she moved to Lancaster to finish her studies. After this, she moved to Switzerland. She got a degree in English and American literature and received her Ph. Nafisi returned to Iran just before and witnessed Things Ive Been Silent About: Memories of a Prodigal Daughter Iranian Revolution. During this time she was a professor of English literature at Tehran University, [8] where she stayed during eighteen years struggling against the implementation of the revolution's ideas and procedures. Inin disagreement with faculty authorities over her refusal to wear the veil, she stopped teaching at the university. Over the next two years, she invited several of her female students to attend regular meetings at her house, every Thursday morning. They discussed their place as Things Ive Been Silent About: Memories of a Prodigal Daughter within post-revolutionary Iranian society and studied literary works, including some considered "controversial" by the regime, such as Lolita alongside other works such as Madame Bovary. She also taught novels by F. Scott FitzgeraldHenry James and Jane Austenattempting to understand and interpret them from a modern Iranian perspective.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf 329.35 K
    Political archaeology and the Growth of nationalism in historiography of Iran in early twenty century : the Case of Pirniya’s Ancient History Mohammad Taghi Imanpour * The Academic member of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (Received: 05 /01 /2014; Received in Revised form: 07 /07 /2014; Accepted: 21 /11 /2014 ) It is argued that whenever the political situation provides a favourable environment, the archaeological activities has been encouraged to provoke nationalism, and historians in various capacities have used archaeological data and historical records to advocate nationalist agendas. Owing to its rich archaeological and historical past and its contemporary socio-cultural diversity, Iran is, particularly interesting for exploring the connection between archaeological activities and manipulations of historical records, especially by taking into account the re- establishment of Achaemenid history by late nineteen century and then the rise of Reza Khan to power in the early twentieth century. Those developments, however, left a deeper impact on Iranian Historiography which the case of Pirniya’s Ancient History will be discussed in this paper. In this paper the process of establishment of Achaemenid history is reviewed and then, it has been argued that how the archaeological activities and re- establishment of Achaemenid history raised the historical nationalism and led to new trend in historiography of Iran in twenty century. It has been concluded that Pirniya’s approach to ancient history of Iran can be called as beginning of scholarly
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of the General Structure of Shahnameh Ferdowsi and Garshaspname Asadi Toosi and Iliad and Odyssey
    COMPARISON OF THE GENERAL STRUCTURE OF SHAHNAMEH FERDOWSI AND GARSHASPNAME ASADI TOOSI AND ILIAD AND ODYSSEY Zarnosh Mushtaq*, Phd student Persian language and literature ,Imam khomeini international university, Qazvin, Iran *Corresponding author email : [email protected] Dr. Maryam.Ghaforyan, Staff members in Persian language and literature ,Imam khomeini international university, Qazvin, Iran. Abstract. The article reviews and compares the stylistic styles of the Shahnameh's symbols of Ferdowsi and Garshaspname Asadi Toosi and Iliad and Odyssey of Homer in literary and intellectual terms. Also, in this research, we will examine the characterization and imaging and weighting in Garshasbnameh, Iliad, Odyssey and Shahnameh. The results showed that the use of artistic traits in filling the weight of the poems of Iliad and Odyssey Homer and Shahmanah or Garshasbnameh was used by the well-known authors of this work as well as adjectives to complete the weight of the poetry. They formulate a combination of trait and personality name formula that fulfills the weighting requirements of the poem by applying them. On the other hand, in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, replacing the artistic trait, instead of the name of the people, serves a different structure of the womb that this structure not only helps in observing the weight of his poem but also provides a variety of vocabulary to express precise and precise details in the story. In the form of the content of Shahnameh and the Iliad and the epic Odyssey, there is a logical realm of urgency that ends with the rule of Ghazireh. Epic humans are signs of paradox. They are humble in their superiority and are victorious.
    [Show full text]
  • Foundations for Religious Reform in the First Pahlavi Era,” Iran Nameh, 30:3 (Fall 2015), XLVI-LXXXVII
    Janet Afary, “Foundations for Religious Reform in the First Pahlavi Era,” Iran Nameh, 30:3 (Fall 2015), XLVI-LXXXVII. Foundations for Religious Reform in the First Pahlavi Era Janet Afary1 Professor of Religious Studies and Feminist Studies University of California Santa Barbara Introduction War, occupation, and famine in the aftermath of World War I pushed aside lofty constitutional debates about democracy and civil liberties that had begun in 1906. As Nikki Keddie has argued, the central government in Tehran weakened and tribal chiefs and landlords reasserted their power. Also, inspired by the events in the north and the emergence of the Soviet Union, a variety of autonomous movements emerged in the country. In response, Britain encouraged a coup led by Reza Khan and Seyyed Zia al-Din that could bring about a strong central government, one that was capable of suppressing Janet Afary Janet Afary holds the Duncan and Suzanne Mellichamp Chair at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where she is a Professor of Religious Studies and Feminist Studies. Her books include: Sexual Politics in Modern Iran; The Iranian Constitutional Revolution: Grass- roots Democracy, Social Democracy, and the Origins of Feminism; and with Kevin B. Anderson, Foucault and the Iranian Revolution: Gender and the Seductions of Islamism. Her articles have appeared in The Nation, the Guardian, and numerous scholarly journals and edited collections. Janet Afary <[email protected]> 1Thanks to Homa Katouzian, Habib Ladjevar- Elham Malekzadeh and Navid Yousefian for di, Ali Gheissari, Mehdi Khalaji who read research in Iranian libraries and Rita Sindelar various drafts of this article.
    [Show full text]
  • Memories of a Prodigal Daughter Free
    FREE THINGS IVE BEEN SILENT ABOUT: MEMORIES OF A PRODIGAL DAUGHTER PDF Azar Nafisi | 341 pages | 02 Mar 2010 | Random House USA Inc | 9780812973907 | English | New York, United States Things I've Been Silent About: Memories of a Prodigal Daughter - Azar Nafisi - Google Books Levertijd We doen er alles aan om dit artikel op tijd te bezorgen. Het is echter in een enkel geval mogelijk dat door omstandigheden de bezorging vertraagd is. Bezorgopties We bieden verschillende opties aan voor het bezorgen of ophalen van je bestelling. Welke opties voor jouw bestelling beschikbaar zijn, zie je bij het afronden van de bestelling. Taal: Engels. Schrijf een review. Auteur: Azar Nafisi. Uitgever: Random House Usa Inc. Azar Nafisi. A passionate advocate of books and reading, she speaks to packed audiences around the world about the importance of nurturing a democratic imagination. She lives in Washington, D. Alles van Azar Nafisi. Samenvatting In this stunning personal story Things Ive Been Silent about: Memories of a Prodigal Daughter growing up in Iran, Nafisi shares her memories of living in thrall to a powerful mother against the backdrop of a country's political revolution. This beautiful memoir reminds us of why we read in the first place "Newsday". Overige kenmerken Extra groot lettertype Nee Gewicht g Verpakking breedte mm Verpakking hoogte 24 mm Verpakking lengte mm. Toon meer Toon minder. Reviews Schrijf een review. Bindwijze: Paperback. Things Ive Been Silent about: Memories of a Prodigal Daughter tweedehands. Verkoop door Bogamo 11 tweedehands boeken! In winkelwagen Op verlanglijstje. Bestellen en betalen via bol. Tweedehands artikelen retourneren is vaak niet gratis.
    [Show full text]
  • Elementary Persian All UG Compulsory Group
    Elementary Persian All UG Compulsory Group Department of Persian Semester – I (Elementary Persian-I) APR 001 Credit- Non Credit Lectures 60 Basic Grammar and Vocabulary Building دﺳﺘﻮرﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ و ﺟﻤﻊ آوری واژه ھﺎ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ Maximum Marks: 100 (70 marks for End Semester Exam and 30 for Internal Assessment) Unit-I 15 Lectures Persian Sounds and Alphabet اﻟﻔﺒﺎ و ﺻﺪا ھﺎی ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ Short Vowels, Long Vowels, Dipthong Vowels ﻣﺼﻮت ﮐﻮﺗﺎه،ﻣﺼﻮت ﺑﻠﻨﺪ،ﻣﺼﻮت ﻣﺮﮐﺐ Consonants ﺻﺎﻣﺖ ھﺎ Alphabetic Order ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺣﺮوف اﻟﻔﺒﺎ Numbers: Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers- Noun اﻋﺪاد:اﻋﺪاد اﺻﻠﯽ و اﻋﺪاد وﺻﻔﯽ Singular Plural واﺣﺪ و ﺟﻤﻊ Unit-II 15 Lectures Word Order ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ واژه ھﺎ Simple Sentence ﺟﻤﻠہ ﺳﺎده Interrogative, Negative, Affirmative ﻣﺜﺒﺖ، ﻣﻨﻔﯽ،ﺳﻮاﻟﯽ Definite-Indefinite ﻣﻌﺮﻓہ و ﻧﮑﺮه Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjectives ﺿﻤﯿﺮھﺎی اﺷﺎره،ﺻﻔﺖ ھﺎی اﺷﺎره Unit-III 15 Lectures Personal Pronouns and Conjugational Endings ﺿﻤﯿﺮ ھﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﯽ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳہ ھﺎی ﻓﻌﻞ Simple Verbs, Compund Verbs ﻓﻌﻞ ﺳﺎده، ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ Possesive Pronouns, Suffixed Pronouns ﺿﻤﯿﺮ ھﺎی ﻣﻠﮑﯽ،ﺿﻤﯿﺮ ھﺎی ﭘﺴﺎوﻧﺪی Genetive, Self Adjectives and Comparision of Adjectives اﺿﺎﻓﺖ،ﺻﻔﺖ،ﻣﻮاﯾﺴہ ﺻﻔﺖ ھﺎ Unit-IV 15 Lectures Infinitive and Simple Past Tense ﻣﺼﺪر،زﻣﺎن ﮔﺬﺷﺘہ ﺳﺎده Other forms of Past Tense ﺷﮑﻞ ھﺎی دﯾﮕﺮ زﻣﺎن ﮔﺬﺷﺘہ Present indicative ﺣﺎل اﺧﺒﺎری Future tense زﻣﺎن ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ Imperative ﻓﻌﻞ اﻣﺮ Note: Students shall be asked to work on vocabulary (Masdar and commonly used words) on a Daily basis Prescribes Book: Dars e Farsi Barai e Farsi Amuzaan e Khariji by Taqipur Namdarian; Pezuhishgaah e Uloom e Insaani wa Motaleaat e Farhangi, Tehran درس ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺑﺮای ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ آﻣﻮزان ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ، ﺗﻘﯽ ﭘﻮر ﻧﺎﻣﺪارﯾﺎن،ﭘﮋوھﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ وﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻓﺮھﻨﮕﯽ،ﺗﮭﺮان References: Farsi wa Dastoor by Dr.Zehra Khanlari ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ و دﺳﺗور،دﮐﺗر زھرا ﺧﻧﻠری AZFA, Part-1 by Yadullah Samareh آﻣﻮزش زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ،دﮐﺘﺮ ﯾﺪ ﷲ ﺛﻤﺮه Rehnuma-e- Tarjuma-e- Qawaed-e-Farsi by Shah Razi Ahmad رھﻨﻤﺎی ﺗﺮﺟﻤہ وﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ، ﺷﺎه رﺿﯽ اﺣﻤﺪ Simple Colloquial Persian by Ali Janzadeh Zaban-e-Farsi by Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Rashid Vatvat and Matlubon-Kolle-Taleb Kamaladdini, Seied Mohammad Bagher
    www.ssoar.info Rashid Vatvat and Matlubon-Kolle-Taleb Kamaladdini, Seied Mohammad Bagher Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Kamaladdini, S. M. B. (2015). Rashid Vatvat and Matlubon-Kolle-Taleb. International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 42, 82-87. https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILSHS.42.82 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY Lizenz (Namensnennung) zur This document is made available under a CC BY Licence Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden (Attribution). For more Information see: Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de Diese Version ist zitierbar unter / This version is citable under: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-58214-2 International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences Online: 2014-10-08 ISSN: 2300-2697, Vol. 42, pp 82-87 doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILSHS.42.82 © 2015 SciPress Ltd., Switzerland Rashid Vatvat and Matlubon-kolle-taleb Seyed Mohammad Bagher Kamaladdini Department of Persian Literature and Language, Payam Noor University, Yazd, Iran E-mail address: [email protected] ABSTRACT This article is based on an attempt to introduce and study a new-found manuscript containing four Hadith books: "Tohfa-al-seddigh, Fasl-al-khetab, Ons-al-lohfan, Matlubon-kolle-taleb." These four Hadith books include Hadiths of the first four caliphs, interpreted by Rashid- al-din Vatvat; distinguished writer of sixth century in Kharazmshahian court. The remarks of two hadith books (Fasl- al-khetab and Matlubon–kolle-taleb) are also changed into persion poem.
    [Show full text]
  • The Idea World in Mathnawi-E-Maanawi
    J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 2(9)9603-9607, 2012 ISSN 2090-4304 Journal of Basic and Applied © 2012, TextRoad Publication Scientific Research www.textroad.com The Idea World in Mathnawi-e-Maanawi Maryam Abedi1, Fatemeh Maleki2 1-2Department of LiteraturePayam Noor University, Iran ABSTRACT Mawlana Jalal al din Mohammad Balkhi is one of the glorious stars in the Persian literature sky. His highest thoughts in the fields of mysticism, philosophy, moral, society and etc have been fascinated a world and understandable philosopher has been recognized in the west world that his intuition thoughts have grafted to his philosophical thoughts who has recognized as a mythical philosopher. with consider to a lot of similarities between Plato and Mawlana, in this article has been tried to put these two centers of thoughts in west and east against each other. So that to be clear whether Mawlana in expressing mythical views about the ultra world has been effected by the Greek philosopher Plato s theory or no? KEY WORLDS: Mawlana, Plato, philosophy, myth, the Idea world INTRODUCTION Among Greek philosophers, Plato is notable as the first philosopher whose illumination ideas has expressed in dialogue in which Aristotle, Plato's master, is main speaker. During along centuries, these ideas and thoughts have effected on great mental scholars and cultures even on the nations' literature. Despite Persian literature has had a rich culture, it can't exclude from this principle. Because the impressed and impression is the important feature of great civilizations. Mawlana Jalal al din Balkhi also is one of the most celebrated literary characters who created eternal work like Mathnawi-e- Maanawi with profound metaphysical and mystical thought which still has made to think the people of the world after a few centuries.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf 109.14 K
    Persian Literary Studies Journal (PLSJ) Vol. 5, No. 7-8, 2016 ISSN: 2322-2557 pp. 1-16 The Tenets of Early Critical Writings on Fiction in Iran Yaser Farashahinejad Faramarz Khojasteh PhD Student Assistant Professor Hormozgan University Hormozgan University [email protected] [email protected] Majid Puyan Assistant Professor Hormozgan University [email protected] Abstract Critics have not proved to be very interested in vigorous investigations of novel at the time of its conception as a new literary genre in Persian literary tradition over the period of five decades extending from the first commentaries of Akhundzadeh to Jamalzadeh’s introduction to Yeki Bud Yeki Nabud, i.e. 1872-1922. However, these writings can serve as the early manifestos of fiction in Iran. Although these remarks are quite scattered, they have moral concerns, realism and the value of fiction as their common themes. This can be explained by exploring the historical context and societal developments during the Constitutional period that demanded engagé literature. This study historically investigates the theoretical foundations of the first instances of fiction and its criticism in Iran and argues that they paved the way for the emergence and development of realism in Iran. Keywords: Iranian novel, fiction criticism, realism, moral concerns, utilitarian functions of fiction Received: 06/27/2016 Accepted: 01/20/2017 * Corresponding Author 2 Persian Literary Studies Journal (PLSJ) Introduction Not only does novel as creative writing but also its reception and criticism have greatly evolved in their rather short history in Persian literary tradition. The study of this historical evolution reveals different epistemological, social and aesthetic developments not only on the part of novelists and critics but also among their audience.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr.Azizi 60-67.Indd
    60 History of Contemporary Medicine in Iran Physicians in the First Academy of Iran (1935-1953) Mohammad Hossein Azizi1* 1. Academy of Medical Sciences of the ABSTRACT I.R. of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Over seven decades ago, as the result of endeavors of a group of leading literary and scientific figures the Farhangestan-e-Aw- wal (First Academy of Iran) was established in May 1935 and its activity continued until 1953. Presented here is a brief historical account of the establishment of the First Academy of Iran as well as a look at the biographical sketches of physicians at the academy. KEYWORDS: Iran; Academy; History of medicine. Please cite this paper as: MH Azizi. History of Contemporary Medicine in Iran Physicians in the First Academy of Iran (1935-1953). Middle East J Dig Dis 2012;4:60-67. INTRODUCTION The process of modernization in Iran began during the second half of the nineteenth century.1 However, as Ebrahimnejad states, the moving force for the modernization within the military, the administration, education, and medicine was centralization dur- ing the Qajar period (1794-1925).2 Thus, the first Western style higher education institution, named Dar al-Fonun School (House of Techniques) was founded in 1851 by Mirza Taghi Khan Amir Kabir (1803-1851), the open-minded Prime Minister of Nasser al-Din Shah, the fourth king of the Qajar Dynasty. The Dar al- Fonun School had a considerable impact on the introduction of the concepts of modern sciences in Iran.3,4 Between 1848 and 1896, a total of 1100 students were trained at the Dar al-Fonun3 and a group of its graduates continued their training abroad.
    [Show full text]