NHB College 2012 Round 2 Tossups 1. Watson Squire, a governor of this state, tried to prevent the Knights of Labor from expelling Chinese immigrants from its largest city in 1886. A “Kingdom of Heaven” was founded in this state by William W. Davies. Settlers were led here by Arthur A. Denny. This modern day state witnessed the (*) Whitman Massacre, which sparked the Cayuse War. Islands off the coast of this state were disputed in the Pig War. This state is home to manufacturing hubs like Renton and Everett. Protests erupted in its largest city during a 1999 meeting of the WTO. For 10 points, name this state, home to Walla Walla, Tacoma, and Spokane. ANSWER: Washington State 094-12-54-02102 2. Archaeological information about this region comes from excavations done by Paul Bernard at Ai Khanum. This region's Greek revolts were calmed when Stasanor was appointed governor. The throne of this kingdom was usurped by Euthydemus, who had succeeded Diodotus as ruler of this polity. The area occupied by this kingdom would later be occupied by the Yuezhi people, and absorbed into the Tocharian kingdom. Originally an Achaemenian satrapy, this region gained its independence from the (*) Seleucids, and notable rulers of this region included the murderer of Darius III, Bessus. For 10 points, identify this region lying between the Hindu Kush and the Oxus, or Amu Darya, whose ancient capital was modern-day Balkh in Afghanistan and which is the namesake of a two-humped camel. ANSWER: Bactria [or Bactriana or Zariaspa] 043-12-54-02103 3. At one point, this work argues that we must recognize that "only a minority of social institutions are consciously designed, while the...majority have just grown." It criticizes both the anti-naturalistic and the pro-naturalistic variants of the title phenomenon, and coins the term “Oedipus effect” to describe the “influence of the prediction upon the predicted event.” This work advocates for a “technological approach to society” which its author calls (*) “piecemeal technology,” and argues that much of the problem of the title methodological approach stems from confusing laws with trends. For 10 points, identify this work which argues that theories which attempt to predict the future course of society are logically incoherent, written by Karl Popper. ANSWER: The Poverty of Historicism 043-12-54-02104 4. One ruler with this name was a Moldavian prince dubbed “the Wolf,” who introduced the first written laws to Moldavia. A ruler with this name murdered Caesar Bardas. Another bearer of this name gave his sister Anne in marriage to a neighboring prince in exchange for conversion to Christianity. In addition to naming the brother-in-law of (*) Vladimir I of Kiev, this name belongs to a ruler who overthrew Michael III and had Ignatius installed over Photius as patriarch of Constantinople. The second ruler of this name failed to marry his niece Zoe off to Otto III and obtained his moniker by defeating Tsar Samuel’s forces at Ochrida. For 10 points, identify this name shared by the founder of the Macedonian dynasty as well as a later member who styled himself “the Bulgar-slayer.” ANSWER: Basil [accept Vasily because of the first clue] 043-12-54-02105

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 1 of 11 5. During this time period, several rulers agreed to impose a death sentence for “unfilial” behavior at the Kuiqiu conference. Eighty-five years into this era, the most powerful ruler began to arbitrate disputes under the “Ba system.” The first Ba ruler won a victory over the Chi Di during this timeframe, which saw the introduction of lost wax casting, the pattern block, and tea into China. The battles of Chengpu and Mi marked opposite results for (*) Jin during this period, which included the military career of Sun Tzu. The seizure of power by the Tian in 481 BCE is the conventional end date for this period, and the beginning of the Warring States. For 10 points, name this three-century long period that began the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and is chronicled in namesake Confucian “annals.” ANSWER: the Spring and Autumn Period [or Chunqiu Shidai; or Ch’un-ch’iu Shih-tai ; prompt on Zhou Dynasty before it is read; accept Eastern Zhou Dynasty before it is read] 019-12-54-02106 6. A precise value for this quantity was obtained by Jean Fernel and confirmed by Richard Norwood using the recently invented surveying chain. A value for this quantity is derived in the first section of the Aryabhatia of Aryabhatta, whose work was promoted by the middle of the 10th century C.E. by al-Biruni, who also measured this value. Jean Picard used Snell’s triangulation method to measure this quantity. Currently, this value is obtained from the reference ellipsoid method pioneered by John Hayward, but its first measurement was conducted using the height of a (*) shadow cast in a well in Alexandria and Syene by Eratosthenes. For 10 points, identify this value which is approximately 40,000 kilometers, the size of the great circle of our planet. ANSWER: circumference of the earth [accept answers like “radius of the earth” or “diameter of the earth” but prompt on “size of the earth”] 043-12-54-02107 7. A belief that one of these two countries was about to invade the other was cited by Cortes Vargas as justification for the Santa Marta Masacre. Aid from one of these countries to the other is the chief subject of the Leahy Law. William Yarbrough was dispatched from one of these countries to the "Marquetalia Republic" in the other to initiate the training program known as Plan Lazo. A treaty negotiated between these two countries called for an annual payment of 250,000 dollars in exchange for a (*) lease on a six-mile-wide strip of land, but, when that treaty was rejected by one country’s legislature, revolution came instead. For 10 points, name these two countries which signed the failed Hay-Herran Treaty, and then came to a disagreement over the creation of Panama. ANSWER: the United States of America and Colombia 019-12-54-02108 8. One of these organizations, called the Taula de Canvi, operated in Barcelona from 1401 onwards. Early organizations of this type were called giro, meaning “rotate,” and a large organization of this type was founded by the Peruzzi. A public organization of this type was established in Amsterdam in 1609. Peel’s Act of 1844 made a monopolist of one of these organizations, whose functions were elucidated by Walter Bagehot in Lombard Street. That organization had been established in 1694 to (*) fund England’s participation in the War of the League of Augsburg, and both the Medici and the Fuggers made their fortunes running organizations of this type. For 10 points, identify this type of organization which performs services like holding money and making loans. ANSWER: banks [or banking, etc.] 043-12-54-02109

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 2 of 11 9. This country’s capital contains a monument to Tacuabe, a Charrua Indian who survived the 1831 Salsipuedes Creek Massacre here. This country was home to the poet, Juan Zorrilla de San Martin. Independence from its neighbors was secured when the 33 orientales of Juan Antonio Lavalleja took power. Once ruled by Tabare Vazquez, its "Great War" pitted supporters of Jose (*) Fructuoso Rivera and Manuel Oribe against each other. This country’s independence movement was led by Jose Artigas, and it's home to the Blancos and Colorados. For 10 points, name this South American country with capital at Montevideo. ANSWER: Uruguay 094-12-54-02110 10. For five months in 1867 and 1868 this position was held by William Rosecrans, who was replaced with Thomas Nelson after Ulysses Grant became president. The holder of this office under Franklin Roosevelt had to overcome prejudice remaining from a military incident from his earlier service as Wilson’s Secretary of the Navy. Another holder of this office may have aided a rebellion against a sitting government during the (*) “ten tragic days;” that man was Henry Lane Wilson. This office was also held by Dwight Morrow and Josephus Daniels, who smoothed over relations when Lazaro Cardenas expropriated oil companies. For 10 points, identify this diplomatic office which involves representing Washington’s interests in a neighboring country. ANSWER: United States ambassador to Mexico 043-12-54-02111 11. Thomas Struth’s Galleria dell’Academia 1 depicts tourists looking at this painting. Its foreground draws from the State Library of Jacopo Sansovino, while a white tower can be seen to the left of the central figure. A man with a white shawl and a nosebleed holds a stained cloth, while above him two men in turbans converse. On its left, a black servant can be seen ascending a (*) staircase. Its central figure sits beneath one of three Palladian arches. This painting’s “drunken buffoons, armed Germans and dwarfs” led to its artist changing its name from The Last Supper. For 10 points, name this massive religious painting by Paolo Veronese. ANSWER: Christ in the House of Levi [or The Feast in the House of Levi] 094-12-54-02112 12. In Rabbit at Rest, Harry Angstrom has difficulty making it through this author’s book devoted to an incident on St. Eustatius. Another of this author’s works addresses socialism in the chapter “The Death of Jaures” and is set between the years 1890 and 1914. This historian wrote The First Salute and The Proud Tower and a text on the (*) Zimmermann Telegram. The life of Enguerrand VII of Coucy is chronicled in this author’s history of 14th century France, A Distant Mirror. The funeral of Edward VII opens her best known work, which ends by discussing the Battle of the Marne. For 10 points, name this author of The Guns of August. ANSWER: Barbara Wertheim Tuchman 094-12-54-02113 13. Colombian artist Fernando Botero created over 80 paintings inspired by this scandal, and this scandal was partially a result of the Copper Green program. In The Nine, Jeffrey Toobin argues that this scandal helped undermine the government’s argument in the Rasul case. The (*) Taguba Report was a chief source for a New Yorker series on it by Seymour Hersh. In retaliation for this scandal, Nick Berg was executed. Photos of this event showed soldiers like Charles Graner and a cigarette-smoking Lynddie England, the latter of whom points at naked men with their heads covered. For 10 points, name this scandal at an Iraqi prison. ANSWER: Abu Ghraib Prison Scandal [accept anything that mentions Abu Ghraib] 094-12-54-02114

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 3 of 11 14. A documentary about one of these “rising” centered on musician Anderson Sa. The population of these places increased after the closing of corticos and they were established by soldiers returning from the Canudos War. A “model” one was filmed in Michael Jackson’s “They Don’t Care About Us”. One of these places was the setting of Fernando Meirelles’ film, (*) City of God. Examples include the Maré Complex and Turano, both located on hills. Last November, one called Rocincha was occupied and “pacified” by the government of Dilma Rousseff in preparation for the 2014 World Cup in Rio. For 10 points, name these Brazilian shanty towns. ANSWER: Favelas of Brazil [or Favelas of Rio de Janeiro; accept Slums of Rio de Janeiro or Slums of Brazil before mentioned, prompt on them afterwards] 094-12-54-02115 15. One part of this program included Stuart Roosa becoming the first person to use the Modular Equipment Transporter. A part of this program failed in its mission to reach Fra Mauro, and the final part of this program brought geologist Harrison Schmitt to the Taurus-Littrow site. There was no second or third (*) mission in the commonly used numerical sequence for this program, which began with a mission that, in a test, killed Roger Chaffee, Ed White, and Gus Grissom in a fire. James Lovell was the hero of another failed mission in this program. Saturn V rockets were used to propel modules into space in, for 10 points, what NASA program whose eleventh mission landed Neil Armstrong on the moon? ANSWER: Apollo program 019-12-54-02116 16. One conflict over this issue included the Battle of Fredericia. The resolution of this issue was the basis for the National Liberal Party’s Eider Program, and after the first war fought over this issue, a resolution was attempted with the London Protocol. Another conflict over this issue was ended by the 1864 Peace of Vienna, which was followed by two nations negotiating the dual-sovereignty Convention of (*) Gastein to postpone a resolution to this issue. This issue was partly resolved by the signing of the Treaty of Prague after one nation’s defeat in the Seven Weeks’ War, resulting in the assignment of the disputed territories to Prussia. For 10 points, identify this issue regarding the contested ownership of two duchies on the German-Danish border. ANSWER: the Schleswig-Holstein question 043-12-54-02117 17. In 1997, this country's police created the Squad for the Repression of Banditry, which executed all suspects. For thirty years, all political parties were banned in this country except for the Social Evolution Movement of Black Africa; it was later ruled by the Kwa Na Kwa Convergence. This country's first prime minister sought to create the "United States of Latin Africa." A later premier of this country, Elizabeth Domitien, was the first female head of government in sub-Saharan Africa, and was appointed by the man who reacted to a strike against (*) school uniforms in this country by personally massacring children, after overthrowing David Dacko. For 10 points, name this country which was briefly reconstituted as a similarly named “empire” by accused cannibal Jean-Bodel Bokassa. ANSWER: The Central African Republic [or République Centrafricaine; or Central African Empire; or Ubangi-Shari] 019-12-54-02118

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 4 of 11 18. The first ruler of this name secured his country’s control over Syria and Egypt at the Battle of Marj Dabiq. One ruler of this name created the European-style nizam-i jedid to bypass the power of the Janissaries, but he was overthrown by Mustafa IV in 1806. The first man to rule with this name was victorious at the Battle of Chaldiran over the Safavid ruler (*) Isma’il I. A sultan of this name known as “The Blond” captured Cyprus but lost at Lepanto. Another ruler of this name was succeeded by a man who, in 1529, sieged Vienna. For 10 points, give this name shared by the father of Sulieman the Magnificent, who was known as “The Grim”. ANSWER: Selim 094-12-54-02119 19. An earl of this place and ally of Richard II was defeated by Henry Bolingbroke at the Battle of Radcot Bridge. A deal with Louis XIV allowed Charles II to dissolve a hostile 1681 Parliament held here. An agreement signed here mandated that Parliament be called thrice yearly and was signed after the king tried to make his son Edmund King of Sicily. It names a movement sparked by a (*) sermon attacking the national apostasy delivered by John Keble. Nicholas Ridley and Thomas Cranmer were two of its "martyrs," and Cardinal Newman was part of its namesake movement. For 10 points, name this site of an English university whose rival is Cambridge. ANSWER: Oxford 094-12-54-02120 20. A prominent leader of these people was Thomas Fletchall, who attacked the town of Ninety-Six. A law regarding these people was at the start of the Supreme Court case Martin v. Hunter's Lessee. The center of this group was in New York, though they also were prominent in the South. Anglican clergymen and members of pacifist sects were frequently found among their ranks. They were barred from holding office or voting in several states until (*) 1814, though laws confiscating their property were abrogated by the Treaty of Paris. These people were given compensation when they arrived in Canada, after about a hundred thousand of them went into exile from March of 1776 onward. For 10 points, name these colonists who sided with the British during the American Revolution. ANSWER: Loyalists [or Tories] 019-12-54-02121 21. This man’s Ordonnances de Villers-Cotterets mandated that legal documents be written in the vernacular. Anne de Pisselue d’Heilly and Francoise de Foix were concurrent mistresses of this man. He was knighted by his captain, Bayard, after defeating the combined forces of Leo X and Massimiliano Sforza at Marignano. His two eldest sons were returned to him in exchange for two million gold crowns through the Treaty of (*) Cambrai, which eased the terms of the Treaty of Madrid. This man entered into an alliance with Henry VIII at the Field of the Cloth of Gold. For 10 points, name this French king who was captured by Charles V at the Battle of Pavia. ANSWER: Francis I [or Francis of Angoulême or François d'Angoulême; prompt on Francis] 094-12-54-02122

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 5 of 11 NHB College 2012 Round 2 Bonuses 1. Answer some questions about slavery in the ancient world, for 10 points each. [10] The citizens of this militant city state depended on the forced labor of helots, who frequently revolted against it. It was home to Lycurgus. ANSWER: Sparta [10] The Cilician Pirates did a robust slave trade through this Greek island, home to Mount Kynthos. Naxos and Thanos both attempted to leave a military and political alliance named for this city. ANSWER: Lesser Delos [or Dilos] [10] Although freed Roman slaves sometimes went on to become prominent merchants, they were barred from following this path, which began with serving as a tribune and culminated in the consulship. ANSWER: Cursus honorum [or Course of Offices] 094-12-54-02201 2. During this period, the Kaya confederation remained independent of the namesake major powers. For 10 points each: [10] Name this time period, from 57 BCE to 668 CE, during which Korea was split into states founded by the legendary figures Chumong, Onjo, and Pak Hyokkose. ANSWER: the Three Kingdoms period [10] During the Three Kingdoms period, this rigid social hierarchy was introduced to Korea. The top of this system was the Council of Nobles, or Hwabeak, comprised of members of the chingol class. ANSWER: bone rank system [or kolpum] [10] The Three Kingdoms period came to an end when this kingdom allied with China and took over the other two. This state, which ruled through the highly educated Hwarangdo army, was overthrown by the Koryo in 935. ANSWER: Silla dynasty 019-12-54-02202 3. This woman wrote Remarks on Prisons and Prison Discipline in the United States and once met with Pius IX. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this Superintendent of Army Nurses during the Civil War. ANSWER: Dorothea Lynde Dix [10] This English nurse, known as the Lady with the Lamp, famously helped improve British medical hospitals during the Crimean War. ANSWER: Florence Nightingale [10] “Mother” Bickerdyke began her nursing career working at a field hospital outside of this battle site. The capture of this location led one man to earn the nickname, “Unconditional Surrender”. ANSWER: Fort Donelson 094-12-54-02203

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 6 of 11 4. Identify the following about porcelain, for 10 points each. [10] The large Jingdezhen factory developed porcelain in the duocai and wucai styles during this dynasty, which lasted from 1368 until 1644. ANSWER: Ming Dynasty [10] This Englishman and abolitionist partnered with Thomas Whieldon to create various forms of pottery before forming his own venture, where he employed John Flaxman in creating jasperware. ANSWER: Josiah Wedgewood [10] Among the earliest European makers of porcelain was Johann Friedrich Bottger, who was forced to producing porcelain for this monarch. This king was forced to abdicate the throne of one nation by the Treaty of Altranstadt. ANSWER: Augustus the Strong [or Frederick Augustus I or Augustus II or Augustus the Iron-Hand or Augustus the Saxon Hercules] 094-12-54-02204 5. Identify the following about French involvement in colonial North America, for 10 points each. [10] Spain established its first mission in Texas after Frenchman Robert de LaSalle wandered into the state trying to find the mouth of this river. Its tributaries include the Arkansas River. ANSWER: Mississippi River [10] During this conflict, known in Europe as the War of the League of Augsburg, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville’s forces killed two people in the Schenectady Massacre. ANSWER: King William’s War [10] Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville helped make this city the capital of French Louisiana from 1711 until 1719. Franklin Buchanan commanded the CSS Tennessee against the entire Union fleet at a battle fought in its harbor. ANSWER: Mobile, Alabama [or Mobile Bay] 094-12-54-02205 6. A notable concert in this city took place at a building nicknamed "the suitcase," and included the Dresden Children's Choir, the Bavarian Radio Chorus, and soprano soloist June Anderson. For 10 points each: [10] Name this site of two “Celebration Concerts.” ANSWER: Berlin [10] The Celebration Concerts were conducted by this composer of Fancy Free and West Side Story. ANSWER: Leonard Bernstein [10] In the culminating performance of Beethoven’s Ninth at the Celebration Concerts, Bernstein changed the word “joy” to this word, in accordance with a legend about Schiller’s original intention for the poem. ANSWER: “freedom” [or “freiheit”] 019-12-54-02206 7. This city is home to the Mitchell Library and graduates of its namesake university include James Watt and Lord Kelvin. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this city on the River Clyde, whose patron saint is Saint Mungo. ANSWER: Glasgow [10] Glasgow became the leading tobacco port in Great Britain after this 1707 legislation joined Scotland with England. ANSWER: Acts of Union of 1707 [or Union Act with Scotland] [10] This Glasgow scientist wrote Experiments upon Magnesia Alba, Quicklime, and Some Other Alcaline Substances. He discovered “fixed air”, better known as carbon dioxide. ANSWER: Joseph Black 094-12-54-02207

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 7 of 11 8. These conflicts broke out after their namesake was executed at the Council of Constance, and pitted mostly Taborite armies against the forces of Emperor Sigismund. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this series of conflicts named after a Bohemian reformer who attacked indulgences and challenged papal authority. ANSWER: Hussite Wars [10] This one-eyed general revolutionized mobile warfare by mounting cannons on armored wagons and led the Taborites to a series of victories over the Bohemian Crusade. After his 1424 death, Taborite leadership passed to Procop the Great. ANSWER: Jan Zizka [10] The Taborites were eventually defeated by an Utraquist coalition at this battle, after which they made peace with the Council of Basel via the Compact of Iglau. ANSWER: Battle of Lipany 043-12-54-02208 9. This man talked about the youth of his nation in the “Hug a Hoodie” Speech. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this leader who appointed Nat Wei to be the “tsar” of his domestic program, the Big Society. ANSWER: David William Donald Cameron [10] David Cameron succeeded this Labor Party member as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. This man was the successor of Tony Blair. ANSWER: James Gordon Brown [10] Following the release of the Saville Report, David Cameron offered a public apology for this 1972 event. Edward Heath’s government took the position that the army did not fire the first shots in this incident. ANSWER: Bloody Sunday [or the Bogside Massacre] 094-12-54-02209 10. A whole bunch of untrustworthy information about this family comes from the historian Justin’s summary of Pompeius Trogus’ Philippic Histories. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this family of kings, whose scion, Hamilcar, lost the battle of Himera when attempting an invasion of Sicily. They are named for their founder. ANSWER: Magonid family or dynasty [10] The Magonid dynasty ruled this polity until being ousted in the middle of the 4th century B.C.E. It fought some namesake wars with Rome. ANSWER: Carthage [10] A feature of the Magonid army was the existence of a small group of elite fighters with this name; this name also belonged to an elite Theban unit. ANSWER: Sacred Band 043-12-54-02210 11. Name these personifications of the United States, for 10 points each. [10] The Vice-Presidential entrance march is the formerly popular anthem "Hail" this figure, a woman in a flowing robe who was often depicted welcoming immigrants or teaching school. ANSWER: Miss Columbia [10] Frederic Fidfaddy wrote about the "adventures" of this man, who is depicted pointing at the viewer in a World War I recruiting poster. ANSWER: Uncle Sam [10] Prior to the rise of Uncle Sam and Columbia, the most popular personification of the U.S. was this simply dressed Revolutionary War veteran, often shown in conflict with John Bull. ANSWER: Brother Jonathan 019-12-54-02211

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 8 of 11 12. The territory of this colony was expanded thanks to expeditions led by Lucien Bia and William Stairs. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this colony where natives were terrorized by the brutal Force Publique. ANSWER: Congo Free State [do not accept "Belgian Congo"] [10] The Congo Free State was controlled by this Belgian monarch, subject of an Adam Hochschild book about his “Ghost”. ANSWER: Leopold II [10] This 1903 document, issued by a namesake British diplomat, outlined many of the horrors in Leopold’s Congo Free State, such as the massive depopulation of Congo villages. ANSWER: Casement Report 094-12-54-02212 13. This event began with the central figure giving an introductory speech in which he claimed that “The only legitimate way [of finding the law] is by attempting to discern what those who made the law intended.” For 10 points each: [10] Identify this five-day event which preceded a closely contested vote regarding the qualifications of the author of The Antitrust Paradox. ANSWER: the Robert Bork nomination/confirmation hearings [10] In connection with the Griswold decision, Bork was grilled by Joe Biden about an article that he had written about “Neutral Principles and Some,” problems concerning this legislation. Bork argued that the Court was not sufficiently theoretical and advocated a narrow reading of this Amendment. ANSWER: First Amendment [10] Bork’s First Amendment views caught up with him again when he insisted that this 1969 decision overturning a Ku Klux Klan member’s conviction for a speech he had given was incorrect. ANSWER: Brandenburg v. Ohio 043-12-54-02213 14. One entry in this series sees Altair travel to Cyprus to kill the last of the Templars. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this videogame series whose second entry was set in Renaissance Italy and featured a protagonist named Ezio. ANSWER: Assassin’s Creed [10] This real-life author of The Triumph of the Cross appears in Downloadable Content for Assassin’s Creed II. He was opposed by the Arrabbiati and was executed in 1498. ANSWER: Girolamo Savonarola [10] The first issue of the Assassin’s Creed: The Fall comic book sees assassin Nikolai Orelov try to kill this Russian emperor during the Borki Train Disaster. He issued the May Laws against the Jews. ANSWER: Alexander III [or Aleksandr Aleksandrovich III or Alexander the Peacemaker] 094-12-54-02214 15. Name these types of troops in the Ottoman Empire, for 10 points each. [10] These irregular troops, named for the beggars of Istanbul, were notorious for their brutality. Following their lack of discipline during the Crimean War and the Russo-Turkish War of 1877, they were disbanded. ANSWER: Bashi-bazouks [10] The cemaat, bolukhalki, and segban were the three divisions of these troops, who were conscripted from Christian families in the Balkans and massacred in the Auspicious Incident. ANSWER: Janissaries [10] These mounted knights were given land grants, known as timar. They began to be supplanted by Janissaries following their participation, along with the sekbans, or musketeers, in the Jelali Revolts. ANSWER: Spahis [or Sipahis] 019-12-54-02215

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 9 of 11 16. On an expedition to this modern day nation aboard the converted merchant ship the Alfred, Esek Hopkins secured supplies from New Providence but failed to capture the Glasgow. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this Caribbean nation that witnessed the Battle of Nassau in 1776. ANSWER: Commonwealth of the Bahamas [10] Before Columbus, the Bahamas were mainly settled by members of these people, not to be confused with the Arawaks. These people carved sculptures of zemi spirits and also lived in Cuba and Jamaica. ANSWER: Taino People [or Lucayan People] [10] This man might be buried in one of the Berry Islands in the Bahamas. For a time, his head was attached to the bowsprit of Robert Maynard's ship. ANSWER: Edward Teach [or Blackbeard or Edward Thatch] 094-12-54-02216 17. This league won a major victory at the Battle of Morgarten, in which its forces defeated Leopold of Austria. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this coalition of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden. ANSWER: the League of the Forest Cantons [or the Everlasting League] [10] The formation of the League of the Forest Cantons was prompted by the death of this Hapsburg emperor who had previously controlled Schwyz and Unterwalden. ANSWER: Rudolf I [10] The Chronicon Helveticum dates the legend of this mythical Swiss patriot to the period of the League of the Forest Cantons. There seems to be no evidence of his actual existence or shooting of apples off people’s heads. ANSWER: William Tell 043-12-54-02217 18. Identify the following about conscientious objectors, for 10 points each. [10] Desmond Doss, a member of this religious faith, earned a Medal of Honor for serving as a medic during World War II. As its name implies, this faith observes the Sabbath on Saturdays. ANSWER: Seventh-Day Adventist Church [10] The second largest group of Canadian conscientious objectors during World War II were members of this faith. Originating in Russia, they rejected scripture in favor of the Book of Life. ANSWER: Doukhobors [or Dukhobortsy or Spirit Wrestlers or Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood] [10] In the United States, many COs were put to work continuing projects started by this New Deal organization, which was led by Robert Fechner. Individual sites in this program were led by Army Reserve officers. ANSWER: Civilian Conservation Corps [or CCC] 094-12-54-02218 19. His territorial conquests including the Laksadweep and Maldive islands as well as the former territory of the western Gangas, whom he destroyed. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this boastfully-named king, who was succeeded by his son Rajendra. ANSWER: Rajaraja I [10] Rajaraja I was a ruler of this Tamil dynasty, which controlled much of South India from the tenth through twelfth centuries CE before they were supplanted by the Hoysalas. ANSWER: Cholas [or Colas] [10] Rajaraja also extended Chola power to this place, which was ruled by the Jaffna, Ruhuna, and Kandy kingdoms at other times, and was known to the Greeks as Serendib. ANSWER: Sri Lanka [accept Ceylon, I guess] 019-12-54-02219

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 10 of 11 20. ?Answer the following about historical farm-based literature, for 10 points per part. [10] This collection of miscellany by Aulus Gellius describes several historical anecdotes from Greece and Rome; it is also the oldest source for the fable of Androcles and the lion. ANSWER: Attic Nights [or Noctes Atticae] [10] This man included tales of Ukrainian peasant life such as "A Terrrible Vengeance" and "St. John's Eve" in his collection Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka. ANSWER: Nikolai Gogol [10] This Isak Dinesen book about a struggling coffee plantation in the last years of British rule over Kenya was made into a 1985 movie starring Meryl Streep and Robert Redford. ANSWER: Out of Africa 019-12-54-02220 21. The Black Warrior was seized by Spanish forces in this modern day nation. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this country that filibusters John Quitman and Narciso Lopez attempted to liberate in the 1850s. ANSWER: Cuba [10] This 1854 document, named for a Belgian city, floated the idea of the United States annexing Cuba from the Spanish as a slave state. ANSWER: Ostend Manifesto [10] This Secretary of State under Franklin Pierce and one-time Governor of New York received the Ostend Manifesto. ANSWER: William Learned Marcy 094-12-54-02221

NHB College 2012 Round 2 Page 11 of 11

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