Roles and Potentials of Land Transportation Sector in Supporting the Tourism Development in Island

E n d y M a r l i n a S p l i t T a l k s 2 0 1 6 – O v e r c o m i n g T o u r i s m

1

Objectives

In general, the aim • To obtain the description of the roles of land of this study is to transportation in supporting the tourism analyze the Roles development in Kalimantan Island today. and the Potentials • To identify the obstacles and drawbacks in of Land the development of the potentials of the land Transportation transportation sector to support the tourism Sector in Supporting development in Kalimantan Island. the Tourism • To structure the recommendation of the Development in steps in the development of the potentials in Kalimantan Island the land transportation sector in supporting with the particular the tourism in Kalimantan Island for the long- objectives as term period. follows: 2 Kalimantan Island ()

Kalimantan Island has an area of 743.330 km² in which it is surrounded by Island to the north, Malacca Strait to the east, Kalimantan to the west part and Philippine to the south. This island is divided into Indonesia territory (73%), Malaysia (26%), and Brunei (1%).

The area of Kalimantan Indonesia is divided into five provinces: South Kalimantan with Banjarmasin as the capital West Kalimantan with Pontianak as the capital with as the capital Central Kalimantan with Palangkaraya as the capital North Kalimantan with Tanjung Selor as the capital 3

Kalimantan Island (Indonesia)

Most of the area in Kalimantan Islands are the mountainous or hilly areas (39,69%), land (35,08%), and the remnant in the form of tideland or coastal areas (11,73%), alluvial land (12,47%), and so on (0,93%). As most of the areas are mountainous, Kalimantan then has some potentials in some national parks as the flora and fauna conservation, forests in the Muller mountains and in Schawner that are defined as the world heritage forest and water reserve in all areas of Kalimantan approximately at the rate of 35% that will not be used up in future with one condition if it is not disturbed and polluted and needs to be protected as an ecosystem. 4

Tourism Kalimantan Island

This study uses the categorization of the types of tourism in general and divided into six types:

1. Pleasure Tourism is the type of tourism by people in vocation, seeking the natural beauty, and finding the sobriety. 2. Recreation Tourism is the tourism for self-health or freshness from tiredness. It can be in the form of recreational place for family, mountains, health centers and so on. 3. Cultural Tourism is the tourism in the form of learning and research centers about the custom, historical monument, heritages, art centers, religiosity and art festival, theatre and folk dances. 4. Sport Tourism can be divided into two: big sport events (international competitions) and sporting tourism of the practitioners (sport centers for individuals such as mountain climbing, swimming and diving). 5. Business Tourism is the tourism that is correlated to the work or office job position. 6. Convention Tourism. Many countries are interested with this type of tourism as when a convention or meeting is held, many members attending to live in certain time period in a host country. 5 Tourism Development in Kalimantan Island

Reasons of the development:

 Tourism is an activity that has the

inter-sectoral and inter-business level tranportation

correlation. The development of the trade, hotels,

tourism activity will create the restaurants economic multiplier effects. comnunication

industry Tourism  The attraction of the tourism sector services

spreads to the remote areas. Whilst,

75% of very poor people live in the agriculture

Bank, money remote area. This therefore can make changer Contruction/ tourism to be an effective agent in building stimulating the development of the

remote areas.

6 Tourism Development in Kalimantan Island

Reasons of the development:

 There is an opportunity to support the traditional activities such as agriculture and handicrafts through tourism.

 Tourism is an industry needing many labors

 Tourism can give the non-material advantages such as pride for the local culture.

7

IDENTIFICATION

TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM

8

Tarakan

Pontianak

Balikpapan

Palangkaraya

Banjarmasin 9

NORTH KALIMANTAN

10

Kayan Mentarang Batu Lamampu Beach

Bunyu Island Bulungan

•Bunyu Island

•Kayan Mentarang National Park

•Tanah Kuning Beach

•White Mountain

Malinau •Hot Springs Semolon Waterfall White Mountain Nunukan

•Batu Lamampu Beach Tana Tidung

•Sesayap River Protected Forest

Tarakan •Tarakan City

•Amal Beach

•Australia Monument Tanah Kuning Beach •Crocodile Captivity Juwata

•Japanese funeral monument

•Rumah Bundar Museum

•Persemaian Ecotourism

•Orchid Garden

•Kawasan Konservasi 11 dan Bekantan (KKMB) Semolon Water Fall Sesayap River

Convention Tourism Pleasure 4% Tourism Bussiness Tourism 19% 9%

Sport

Tourism

6% Recreation Tourism 17%

Selimau Park Cultural

Tourism 45%

47 tourist attractions

12

The potential tourism objects to be developed in North Kalimantan Province

Selimau Park

offers a number of family modes include flying fox, fishing pond, small zoo and playing court for children such as swing, ball mode, duck pole and train.

Mangku Padi Beach 13

The potential tourism objects to be developed in North Kalimantan Province

Seriang Mountain One of its attractions is its dense forest and it also has many beautiful wild butterflies making the water tourism of Seriang Mountain Forest more exotic

14 Datas

population economic sectors affected by the development of tourism sector distribution of tourism modes of transport for tourism the number of tourist visits ferries, airports, terminals tourist agency road network conditions and crosswalk travel package public transportation, rental, and private business travel public transport and travel service the number of restaurants, hotels and inns

hotel occupancy rates spending for travel tourism growth targets The Tourism Sector's Contribution to Regional Revenue

PDRB Perdagangan, Hotel, Restoran TOTAL PDRB

70,000,000

59,090,464

52,574,854 50,000,000

40,000,000

30,000,000

20,000,000

7,683,295 10,000,000 4,087,345

- 2013 2014

Tarakan

TYPE - VARIETY AND QUAL ITY NETWORK

Land transportation netwo rk: sufficient

Marine transportation netw ork: sufficient

Rivers and lakes transportati on network: sufficient

Air transportation network: sufficient

Rail transport Network : none

TYPE / VARIETY AND Juwata Airport QUALITY OF

TRANSPORTATION

Ground transportation: les s

Marine transportation: suf ficient

Rivers and lakes transporta tion: sufficient

Air transport: sufficient Tengkayu Port Railway transportation: no ne

Alloying modes: none

Publication of tourist attract ions: less

Signs to destinations: less 17

18

The existing road network

EAST KALIMANTAN

19

Agro Tourism Garden

Bekapai Garden

Beras Basah Beach

Bukit Bangkirai Crocodile Teritip Breeding Agro Garden Data Dian Datah

Bilang Derawan

Island Japan Canon

Island

Karst Sangkulirang - Mangkalihat Kayan Mentarang Tanah Merah Water fall

Kutai National Park

Lamaru Beach

Long Bawan Kayan Long Iram

Manggar Segarasari Beach

Margomulyo Mangrove Forest Melawai Beach

Nyamuk River Carribean Water Park Pampang

Penajam Pasir Utara

Samarinda Sarong Sangalaki Island

Tanah Merah Waterfall

Wanawisata Garden 20

Convention Bussiness Tourism Pleasure Tourism 3% Tourism 17% 29%

Sport Tourism 5%

Cultural Tourism 17% Recreation Tourism 29%

103 tourist attractions

21 The potential tourism objects to be developed in East Kalimantan Province

Derawan Island () This island has a beach and very beautiful underwater scenery. It is defined as the third best It is located in Bontang, East Kalimantan diving site in the world for its beauty and its marine exactly in . It is very wealth. This area also has hundreds of species of reef fish, corals, invertebrates and other marine animals, beautiful with its white sand, beach especially turtles that like to store their eggs. Some panorama and underwater world. popular tourist attractions in this island include diving, snorkeling, banana boat, Jet Ski, sailing and fishing.

22 The potential tourism objects to be developed in East Kalimantan Province

Manggar Beach () Mulawarman Museum ()

It has enchantment of clear seawater and The building of Mulawarman Museum located in soft white sand. Tenggarong City was a of Kesultanan

Kartanegara built in 1936.

23 The Tourism Sector's Contribution to Regional Revenue

1,600,000 700,000,000 1,484,430 1,253,327 579,010,407 1,400,000 600,000,000 550,735,764

1,041,636 1,200,000 515,191,476 571,309,716 500,000,000

1,174,626 418,211,580 1,000,000 400,000,000

1,002,975

300,000,000 600,000

400,000 37,402,601 49,983,209 100,000,000 200,000 24,410 25,264 19,622 19,756 46,464 45,044,596 49,471,341 22,954,842 0 - 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Domestic Tourists Foreign Tourists PDRB Perdagangan, Hotel, Restoran TOTAL PDRB

The indicators of the tourism activities are reflected from the number of foreign and domestic tourists.

The number of domestic tourists is far higher than that of foreign ones. This shows that the tourism visit

to East Kalimantan Province is dominated by the domestic tourists.

Pontianak

TYPE - VARIETY AND QUALITY NETWORK

Land transportation network: sufficient

Marine transportation network: sufficient

Rivers and lakes transportation network in : sufficie nt

Air transportation network: sufficient

Rail transport Network : none

TYPE / VARIETY AND

QUALITY OF

TRANSPORTATION

Ground transportation: less

Marine transportation: sufficient

Rivers and lakes transportation : sufficient

Air transport: sufficient Railway transportation: none

Alloying modes: none

Publication of tourist attractions: less Signs to destinations: less 25

26

The existing road network

WEST KALIMANTAN

27 1. Tugu Khatulistiwa 2. Museum Negeri Kalimantan Barat 3. Kota Singkawang 4. Museum Dara Juanti Sintang 5. Museum Kapuas Raya 6. Istana Kesultanan Kadariah Pontianak 7. Makam Juang Mandor 8. Taman Alun Kapuas 9. Sinka Island Park 10. Pantai Pasir Panjang

11. Pantai Kijing 12. Pantai Tanjung Belandang 13. Pantai Batu Payung 14. Pantai Gosong 15. Pantai Kura-kura

16. Pantai Polaria 17. Pantai Sinam 18. Air Terjun Melanggar

19. Air Terjun Banangar 20. Air Terjun Riam Merasap

21. Lawang Kuari 22. Riam Kenebak

23. Gua Sanjan 24. Danau Sebedang 25. Danau Jemelak dan Kebiau

26. Bukit Kelam

27. Hutan Wisata Baning

28. Taman Nasional Danau Sentarum 29. Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun

30. Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Bukit Raya 31. Taman Nasional Gunung Palung

32. Cagar Alam Raya Pasi 33. Cagar Alam Kepulauan Maya Karimata 34. Pulau Randayan

35. Pulau Temajuk 28 36. Pulau Datok

Bussiness Convention Tourism Tourism 10% Sport 3% Tourism Pleasure 4% Tourism 46%

Cultural Tourism 21%

Recreation Tourism…

0 tourist attractions

29

The potential tourism objects to be developed in West Kalimantan Province

Penjamur Hill (Bengkayang) This hill is located in Bengkayang Regency around 4 hours from Pontianak through land transportation. It is only

900m above the sea

level. It is the favorite for the nature lover community. With the track and access that are easy to be reached, this hill offers the spectacular view of

30 cloud and sunrise.

The potential tourism objects to be developed in West Kalimantan Province

Radakng House (Pontianak) traditional building of Dayak tribe

31

The potential tourism objects to be developed in West Kalimantan Province

Pasir Panjang Indah Beach (Singkawang)

It is located in Singkawang City known as the

China Town in Indonesia as 70% of population is

from the Tionghoa ethnic.

32

The potential tourism objects to be developed in West Kalimantan Province

Mananggar Water Fall It is located in Serimbu District, Landak Regency around 5 hours from Pontianak by means of land trip

Kelam Hill The tourism forest of Bukit Kelam lies between 2 (two) big rivers: Melawi River and Kapuas River. Bukit Kelam is one of the most unique hills in the world as it is a pure hill consisting of one giant rock. There are only two hills in this type in the world; those are Ayers Rock in Australia and Bukit Kelam in Indonesia. Both two

hills have an equal specialty regarding their color that can

change in accordance with the weather ch33anges The Tourism Sector's Contribution to Regional Revenue

1,400,000 1,224,691 1,203,441 PDRB Perdagangan, Hotel, Restoran TOTAL PDRB 1,267,273 1,200,000 600,000,000 1,189,922 1,230,054 488,065,854 506,958,803 1,000,000 500,000,000

800,000 400,000,000

600,000 300,000,000

400,000 200,000,000

25,369 30,619 31,678 30,687 31,021 26,997,203 25,889,803

0 24,955,615 27,448,109 28,275,534 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 - Domestic Tourists Foreign Tourists 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

The indicators of the tourism activities are reflected from the number of foreign and domestic tourists.

The number of domestic tourists is far higher than that of foreign ones. This shows that the tourism visit

to West Kalimantan Province is dominated by the domestic tourists.

35

The existing road network

CENTRAL KALIMANTAN

36 1. Arboretum Nyaru Menteng 2. Danau Tahai 3. Kota Air Muara Teweh 4. Pantai Ujung Pandaran 5. Rumah Adat Betang 6. Taman Nasional Bukit Raya 7. Taman Nasional 8. Seruyan

9. Pulang Pisau

10. Kotawaringin Timur

11. Gunung Mas

12. Murung Raya 13. Kotawaringin Barat

14. Barito Utara

15. Palangka Raya

16. Katingan

17. Barito Timur

18. Sukamara

19. Lamandau

20. Kapuas

21. Barito Selatan

37

Convention Bussiness Tourism Tourism

4% 2% Sport Tourism

2%

Pleasure

Tourism Cultural 41% Tourism

30%

Recreation Tourism…

192 tourist at tractions

38

The potential tourism objects to be developed in Central Kalimantan Province

Dayak Tradisional House (Betang Toyoi) (Gunung Mas)

Betang is the traditional house where the Dayak tribes are living in group. It is commonly built as the large house in which it could reach 30 – 150 meters in length and10-30 meters in width with the pole of 3-5 meter in height.

39

The potential tourism objects to be developed in Central Kalimantan Province

Tanjung Puting

The National Park of Tanjung Putting is one of wild life as defined by UNESCO as the biosphere site and as the rehabilitation center for Urangutan. It is around 40 thousands of Orangutan living freely in this forest.

40 The potential tourism objects to be developed in Central Kalimantan Province

Kahayan River Boating (Palangkaraya)

Nyaru Menteng Arboretum (Palangkaraya)

Arboretum Nyaru Menteng is a tropical forest area

located in Central Kalimantan that has many

unique species of flora and fauna particularly

marsh forest trees. 41

The Tourism Sector's Contribution to Regional Revenue

500,000

444,916

450,000 413,102 455,703

400,000 434,875 489,871,733 350,000 402,278 400,000,000 437,114,186 455,885,582

300,000

250,000 300,000,000

200,000

200,000,000 150,000

100,000 100,000,000 20,078,089 22,999,677 18,439 20,986 50,000 13,542 15,444 17,727 18,803,676 21,420,478 23,522,314

0 - 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Domestic Tourists Foreign Tourists PDRB Perdagangan, Hotel, Restoran TOTAL PDRB

The indicators of the tourism activities are reflected from the number of foreign and domestic tourists.

The number of domestic tourists is far higher than that of foreign ones. This shows that the tourism visit

to Central Kalimantan Province is dominated by the domestic tourists.

43

The existing road network

SOUTH KALIMANTAN

44 Banjarmasin Barito Kuala Hulu Sungai Tengah Tanah Laut 1. Komplek Makam Sultan Suriansyah 1. Jembatan Barito 1. Wisata Pagat 1. Gunung Kayangan 2. Komplek Makam Pangeran Antasari 2. Jembatan Rumpiang 2. Pemandian Air Panas Hantakan 2. Pantai Takisung 3. Masjid Sultan Suriansyah 3. Pulau Kembang 3. Gua Liang Hadangan 3. Pantai Swarangan 4. Pasar Terapung Muara Kuin 4. Pulau Kaget 4. Canting Langit 4. Pantai Batakan 5. Museum Wasaka 5. Makam Haji Japeri 5. Wisata Lok Laga Haruyan 5. Benteng Tabanio 6. Kubah Surgi Mufti 6. Makam Keramat Istana 7. Kubah Basirih 6. Makam Panglima Wangkang diMarabahan, Barito 6. Masjid Keramat Pelajau 8. Makam Ratu Zaleha Kuala 7. Makam 23 Pejuang 7. Makam Datu Ingsat Banjarbaru 7. Rumah Bulat (Rumah Joglo Desa Penghulu) di 8. Makam Pangeran Kacil Tanah Bumbu 1. Museum Lambung Mangkurat desa Penghulu, Marabahan, Barito Kuala 9. Makam Tumenggung Jayapati 1. Makam Syekh Haji Muhammad Arsyad 2. Pendulangan Intan Cempaka 8. Rumah Gajah Baliku Desa Penghulu 10. Maulid Nabi Muhammad 2. Makam Pangeran Agung Banjar 9. Makam Datuk Aminin 11. Taman Makam Pahlawan Pagat Tabalong 1. Mesjid Agung Al Karomah Martapura Hulu Sungai Selatan 12. Taman Makam Pahlawan Birayang 1. Masjid Pusaka Banua Lawas 2. Pusat Penjualan Batu Permata Cahaya Bumi Selamat 1. Loksado (Wisata Alam Pegunungan dan Arung Hulu Sungai Utara 2. Makam Datu Harung di Pembataan Martapura Jeram Balanting Paring (Bamboo Rafting), 1. Candi Agung Amuntai di Paliwara 3. Makam Gusti Buasan di Tabalong 3. Pasar Terapung Lok Baintan Balian) 2. Makam Datu Sulaiman 4. Makam Penghulu Rasyid di Banua Lawas 4. Makam Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjary Kelampaian 2. Masjid Su'ada di Wasah Hilir 3. Masjid Jami Sungai Banar 5. Makam Syekh Muhammad Nafis Al-Banjari di 5. Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Adam Mandiangin 6. Lembah Kahung 3. Benteng Gunung Madang di Sei Madang 4. Masjid Basar Pandulangan Kelua 7. Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Teluk Selong Ulu di Teluk Selong 4. Makam Haji Saadudin di Taniran Tapin 6. Masjid Jami Puain Kanan di Tanta Ulu, Martapura Barat, Banjar 5. Makam Datu Patinggi Mandapai 1. Goa Batu Hapu 7. Goa Babi di Desa Randu, Muara Uya

8. Rumah Gajah Baliku Teluk Selong Uludi Teluk Selong, 6. Makam Datu 2. Candi Laras di Kecamatan Candi Laras Selatan Martapura, Banjar. 7. Makam Tumpang Talu 3. Masjid Al-Mukarromah di Banua Halat Kiri, Tapin

9. Rumah Balai Bini Desa Teluk Selong Ulu di desa Teluk 8. Gedung Musyawaratutthalibin di Simpur 4. Makam Datu Sanggul di Tatakan Selong Ulu, Martapura, Banjar. 9. Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Desa Tibung 5. Masjid Gadung Keramat 10. Rumah Palimbangan Desa Pasayangandi Pasayangan, diKandangan 6. Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Desa Lawahan Martapura, Banjar. 10. Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Desa Baruh Kambang di Kot abaru 11. Makam Datu Abulung di Martapura, Banjar. Negara, Daha Selatan 1. Gunung Bamega 12. Masjid Jami Syekh Abdul Hamid Abulung di Martapura, 11 . Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Desa Habiraudi Daha 2. Makam Ratu Intan di Bakau, Pamukan Utara, Banjar Selatan Kotabaru 13. Monumen ALRI Divisi IV Pertahanan Kalimantan di Gambut, Banjar 12. Rumah Perjuangan di Karang Jawa,Kandangan 3. Kom pleks Makam Raja-raja Kotabaru diPulau Laut 13. Rumah Perjuangan di Durian Rabung Utara 14. Makam Sultan Adam di Kelurahan JawaMartapura, Banjar 15. Makam Sultan Inayatullah di Kampung Keraton 14. Rumah Bersejarah di Simpur Martapura, Banjar 15. Monumen 17 Mei di Ni'ih

16. Makam Sultan Sulaiman Saidullah di Desa Lihung, Karang 16. Tanuhi (Kolam Renang dan Pemandian Air Panas Intan, Banjar Alami) 45

Bussiness

Tourism Convention 6% Tourism Pleasure Tourism Sport 1% 32% Tourism 4%

Cultural Tourism 45%

Recreation Tourism 12%

159 tourist attractions

46

The potential tourism objects to be developed in South Kalimantan Province

Kembang Island

Martapura 47

The potential tourism objects to be developed in South Kalimantan Province

Laksado In South Kalimantan, there is a remote village offering the natural beauty with hilly scenery. This village is Loksado, located in the Regency of Hulu Sungai Selatan. Loksado becomes the village of Dayak Tribe that is still tightly

maintaining their a ncestor Floating Market custom (Banjarmasin)

48 The Tourism Sector's Contribution to Regional Revenue

700,000 PDRB Perdagangan, Hotel, Restoran TOTAL PDRB

600,000,000 600,000 540,906 597,324 502,046

500,000 500,000,000 455,885,582 522,060 437,114,186 463,515,466 400,000 400,000,000 449,072,507

418,446

300,000 300,000,000

200,000

200,000,000

23,412 24,869 25,862 25,435 26,395

0 18,825,721 21,363,800 25,430,902 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 - Domestic Tourists Foreign Tourists 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

The indicators of the tourism activities are reflected from the number of foreign and domestic tourists.

The number of domestic tourists is far higher than that of foreign ones. This shows that the tourism visit

to South Kalimantan Province is dominated by the domestic tourists.

50

The existing road network STRATEGIC ISSUES in THE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

in• KalimanThe improvementtan of the accessibility and the basic infrastructure of tourism destination;

• The improvement of the participation of society in implementing the tourism development;

• The improvement of the integrated and planned tourism management;

• The improvement of the investment in tourism sector;

• The improvement of cooperation between government, private party and tourism association

Strategies in tourism development are directed to the increase of the number of visits and the length of the visit time of domestic and foreign tourists in Kalimantan. Thus, it can stimulate the increase in the income of society in Kalimantan and the increase of the local revenue and can strengthen the basis of the creative industry producing the high competitive product oriented to the export.

APPROACH

52 POLICY DIRECTION OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

National Tourism Development (Government Regulation No. 50 of 2011) mandates that in the period of 2010 – 2025, the national tourism development includes the aspects of tourism destination, tourism marketing, tourism industry, and tourism institutions. Scope of Tourism Development

Tourism Development

TOURISM INSTITUTIONAL MARKETING TOURISM INDUSTRY DESTINATION TOURISM

Development of a tourist Integrated and sustainable Construction of the structure The development of attraction, infrastructure tourism marketing by of tourism industry included government development, involving all stakeholders functions, hierarchies, organizations, local construction of public as well as responsible relationships; the governments, private and facilities, the construction marketing in order to built competitiveness of tourism public, human resource products; tourism business of tourism facilities as the image of Indonesia as development, regulatory partnership; business well as community a competitiveness tourism credibility; and responsibility and operational empowerment destination for the natural and socio- mechanisms in the field cultural environment of tourism POLICY DIRECTION OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

National Tourism Development (Government Regulation No. 50 of 2011)

The development of National Tourism Destination (locally abbreviated as DPN or Destinasi Pariwisata Nasional) includes the zoning of the development of National Tourism Destination, development of tourism attraction, development of tourism accessibility, development of public infrastructure, public facilities, and tourism facilities.

The zoning of DPN consists of 50 DPN spread in 33 provinces and 88 strategic areas of national tourism (KSPN) spread in 50 DPNs.

50 National Tourism Destination (DPN) in 33 provinces, divided into

88 Strategic Area of National Tourism (KPSN)

National Tourism Strategic Area of National Tourism Development Area National Tourism Destination (KPPN) (KPSN) (DPN)

KPPN Martapura

DPN KPPN Banjarmasin Banjarmasin- Martapura KPPN Lhoksado KPSN Lhoksado

National Tourism Strategic Area

1. Toba (North Sumatera) 9. Rinjani (West Nusa Tenggara) 2. Kepulauan Seribu () 10. Pulau (East Nusa 3. Kota Tua-Sunda Kelapa Tenggara) (Jakarta) 11. Ende- (East Nusa 4. (Central Java Tenggara) and ) 12. Tanjung Puting (Central 5. Bromo-Tengger- (East Kalimantan) Java) 13. Toraja (South ) 6. Kintamani-Danau Batur () 14. Bunaken (North Sulawesi) 7. Menjangan, Pemuteran 15. Wakatobi (South East (Bali) Sulawesi) 8. , Sanur, (Bali) 16. Raja Ampat (West Papua)

58 ANALYSIS ON THE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK SYSTEM

The Legal Basis of Transportation System Management in Kalimantan Island

• The main legal basis is the Regulation of Communication Minister Number KM 49 of 2005 on the National Transportation System mandating the implementation of effective and efficient transportation.

The Position of Kalimantan Island towards the National Transportation System (Sistranas)

• In the Masterplan of Acceleration and the Extension of Indonesia Economic Development (MP3EI), 6 economic corridors have been developed and structured based upon the division of areas in consideration to their potency of natural resources and the connectivity among areas. One of 6 economic corridors is Kalimantan Islands. The success of the acceleration and the extension of Indonesia Economic Development is highly relied on to what strong the level of connectivity of national and international economic in 59 Indonesia.

The Position of Kalimantan Island towards the National Transportation System (Sistranas) 60 Development of Tourism Destination Law no. 10/2009 ON TOURISM

Construction of a tourist attraction, public facilities tourist facilities-public facilities,

accessibility / regional infrastructure tourist attraction

in areas / regions within a system of

linkages and integration of systemic

community so that they can have the

advantage of the appeal and Regions advantages of competitiveness in boundaries

creating motivation to visit, develop

the tourism activities and benefits for Acces to tourist facilities destination regional development and accessibility community prosperity

61 Data and Strategic Issues

IDENTIFICATION INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT ISSUES

TYPE1- . 2. 3. 4. 5.

VARIETY AND TYPE / TRANSPORT

QUALITY OF VARIETY AND MANAGEMEN TYPE - TYPE - TRANSPORTA QUALITY of QUALITY VARIOUS VARIOUS ………………….. TION MODES (INTEGRATIO PUBLIC PUBLIC NETWORK TO TRANSPOR TA N, SECURIT Y, UTILITIES UTILITIES SUPPORT TION SAFETY) TOURISM

ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS

CONCEPT, POLICY, STRATEGY AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN

ANALISYS

63

Desireline of Tourism in NORTH KALIMANTAN Sri yang Mountain POTENTIAL Selimau Park Mangkupadi Beach Origin-destination surveys in 3 attractions potentially indicates that tourist visitors come from within and from outside of North Kalimantan, even there are tourists who come from outside the island of Kalimantan.

Desireline of Tourism in EAST KALIMANTAN 80.00% 73.81%

POTENTIAL 70.00%

60.00% 50.00%

40.00%

30.00%

20.00% Beras Basah Island 2.38% 2.38% 4.76% 4.76% 10.00% 2.38% 4.76% 2.38% 2.38% 0.00%

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Accessibility Of Tourism

Manggar Beach

Manggar

Sultan Aji Beach Balikpapan Sulaiman Airport

Accessibility Of Tourism

Muawarman

Museum

Muawarman Museum

Samarinda

Balikpapan

Sultan Aji Sulaiman

Airport

Muawarman Museum

NATIONAL TOURISM DESTINATION IN EAST KALIMANTAN

Development Area Strategic Area of Potency of Transportation of National Tourism National Tourism Development (KPPN) (KSPN) DPN Derawan- • The need for the integrated

KPPN Long Apari development among the modes Kayan Mentarang KPPN Long Bangun KSPN Long Bangun and the development of the

KPPN Melak-Kersik special tour transports for the Luway DPN Long rent; KPPN Kota Bangun- KSPN Kota Bangun- • The need for the concern with the Tanjung Issuy Tanjung Issuy Bangun Merak

KPPN Tenggarong road service/signposts/direction

KPPN Samarinda signs to tourist attractions for the kota personal vehicles going there;

KPPN Bontang- DPN • The need for the concern with the

Sangata Tenggarong- road safety system during the trip KPPN Balikpapan- Balikpapan to the tourist attractions; Semboja • The need for the information KPPN M ulawarman system about the transport that KPPN Derawan- KSPN Derawan- M useum can be accessed by public and Sangalaki Sangalaki facilitate to do the trip to the KPPN Kayan KSPN Kayan tourist attraction.

Mentarang Mentarang

KPPN Tarakan Manggar Beach

Desireline of Tourism in WEST KALIMANTAN

POTENTIAL

Jamur Hill

Pasir Panjang Beach

35.00% 32.00%

30.00% 26.00%

25.00%

20.00%

15.00% 12.00% 10.00% Radank House 10.00% 6.00% 6.00% 4.00% 5.00% 2.00% 2.00%

0.00%

Accessibility Of Tourism

Pasir

Panjang

Beach Singkawang

Pasir Panjang Beach

Pontianak

Accessibility Of Tourism

Singkawang Jamur Hill

Jamur Hill

Pontianak

NATIONAL TOURISM DESTINATION IN WEST KALIMANTAN

Development Strategic National Potency of Transportation Tourism Area of Area of Development Destination National National • The need for the integrated (DPN) Tourism Tourism development among the modes and

(KPPN) (KSPN) the development of the special tour DPN Sentarum- KPPN Betung Kehirun transports for the rent; Pontianak DPN • The needs for the concern with the Kota Pontianak road service/signpost/direction KPPN - signs to the tourist attraction for the Singkawang Singkawan guiders to the personal vehicles KPPN Sambas KSPN g DPN Pontianak- (four-wheel and two-wheel vehicles) Sambas Singkawang going to the tourist attraction. KPPN KSPN • The needs for the concern with the Sentarum Sentarum road safety system during the trip to KPPN Betung the tourist attractions; Kerihun- DPN • The Improvement of public Putusibau Sentarum- transportation to facilitate the KPPN Sintang Betung tourists using the public KPPN Bukit Kehirun transportation; Raya-Bukit • The need for the information system Baka about the transportation that can KPPN Gunung be accessed by public and facilitate Palung to do a trip to the tourist attr7a2ctions.

Desireline of Tourism in CENTRAL KALIMANTAN

POTENTIAL

Dayak Tradisional House

Nyaru Menteng Arboretum

NATIONAL TOURISM DESTINATION IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN

Development Strategic Area of National Area of National Tourism Tourism National (KSPN) Destination Tourism (KPPN) (DPN) KPPN Tanjung KSPN Tanjung DPN Puting Puting Palangkaraya -Tanjung KPPN Sebangau Puting

KPPN Tanjung Puting KPPN Sebangau

Potency of Transportation Development • The need for the integrated development among the modes and the development of the special tourist transports for the rent; • The need for the concern with the road service/signposts/direction signs to tourist attraction for the personal vehicles going there; • The need for the concern with the road safety system during the trip to the tourist attractions; • The need for the information system about the transport that can be accessed by public and facilitate to do the trip to the tourist location. Desireline of Tourism in SOUTH KALIMANTAN

POTENTIAL

40.00% 34.38% 35.00% 31.25% 30.00%

25.00%

20.00% 15.00% 9.38% 10.00% 6.25% 6.25% 6.25% 3.13% 3.13% 5.00% 0.00% 0.00%

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70.00% 62.50% 60.00%

50.00%

40.00%

30.00% 21.88%

20.00% 6.25% 10.00% 4.69% 3.13% 1.56% 0.00% 0.00%

Accessibility Of Tourism

Syamsudin Noor Airport

Loksado

Accessibility Of Tourism

Kembang Island

Syamsudin Noor Airport

NATIONAL TOURISM DESTINATION IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN

Develop me Strate gic Are a Na tional Potency of Transportation

nt Are a of of N ationa l T ourism Development

Nation al Tourism (KSP N) De stinati • The need for the integrated

Tourism on (DPN) development among the

(KPPN) modes and the development KPPN of the special tourist

Martapu ra transports for the rent; D PN KPPN • The need for the concern Banj arma Banjarma sin with the road sin- Kota service/signposts/direction Ma rtapura KPPN K PPN L hoksado signs to tourist attraction for

the personal vehicles going Lhoksado there;

50.00% 46.43% • The need for the concern

40.00% with the road safety system

30.00% 25.00% during the trip to the tourist 25.00% 21.43% 20.00% attractions;

10.00% 3.57% 3.57% • The need for the information

0.00% system about the transport that can be accessed by public and facilitate to do the trip to the tourist location.

IDENTIFICATION OF ISSUES, PROBLEMS (ROLES) AND POTENCY OF LAND TRANSPORTATION RELATED TO THE KEY FACTORS IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

79 NORTH KALIMANTAN

• The mode of public transport to the tourist attraction is still very limited. • AKAP: Inter-cities and inter-province transport are available • AKDP: Inter-cities in province transport is available (only 3 routes from Tenguyun Terminal)

• ANGKOT: available but less developed. Only available in city level I (3 routes as noted). • ANGKUDES: available but less developed and not well recorded. • TRAVEL: it serves the inter-cities transport both for inter-provinces and inside provinces with no route and some travels are the personal vehicles • TRANSPORT RENTAL - it costs Rp.300rb-500rb/day for car but not under control. • TAXI: available in city level I Tanjung Selor.(Airport Taxi) • SEA TRANSPORT: available for the destination of small islands such as Bulungan (Speedboat). • WATER TRANSPORT RENTAL: available for the destination of small islands such as Bulungan 80 EAST KALIMANTAN

• The mode of public transport is quite complete and some have been connected to the tourism site. • AKAP: available only for transportations for inter-cities and inter-provinces. (no data for the number of routes and there are 82 units) • AKDP: available for transportation inter-cities in the province (2 routes). • ANGKOT: available but less developed. It is only for the city level I and not following the routes defined (not registered and no data). • ANGKUDES: available but less developed and not well registered. • TRAVEL: it serves the transportation inter-cities both for inter-provinces and inside provinces with no route and some travels are the personal vehicles • TRANSPORT RENTAL - it costs Rp.300rb-500rb/day for car but not under control. • TAXI: available in City level I Samarinda (Kalung Mas Taxi, Globalindo Taxi, Mawar Taxi, Taxi, Malibo Taxi, Koperasi Angkasa Jaya Sentra Taxi ). • WATER TRANSPORT: available for the destination to small islands or to other provinces (Ferry).

• WATER TRANSPORT RENTAL: available for the destination of small islands 81 WEST KALIMANTAN

• The mode of public transport to the tourism objects is still very limited • AKAP: the inter-cities and inter-provinces transport is available (1 route and 4 units) • AKDP: the inter-cities in province transport are well managed (85 routes and 959 units).

• ANGKOT: available but less developed. It is only for the city level I and not following the routes defined (not registered and no data). • ANGKUDES: available but less developed and not well registered. • TRAVEL: serves for the transport of inter-cities of inter-province and in province without routes and some are the personal vehicles.

• RENTAL TRANSPORT It costs Rp.300.000 -500.000/day for car rental but not under control. • TAXI: available in city level I Pontianak (Airport Taxi) • WATER TRANSPORT: Some use Ferry (Ferry). • WATER TRANSPORT RENTAL: some are called as Water Bus

82 CENTRAL KALIMANTAN

• The mode of public transport to the tourist attraction is still very limited. • AKAP: available only for transportations for inter-cities and inter-provinces (11 routes) • AKDP: available for transportation inter-cities in province (17 routes). • ANGKOT: available but less developed. Only available in city level I (not registered and no data). • ANGKUDES: available but less developed and not well registered.

• TRAVEL: it serves the transportation inter-cities both for inter-provinces and inside provinces with no route and some travels are the personal vehicle • TRANSPORT RENTAL - it costs Rp.300rb-500rb/day for car but not under control • TAXI: available in city level I Palangkaraya. (Airport Taxi) • WATER TRANSPORT: available for the destination of small islands (Ferry). • WATER TRANSPORT RENTAL: available for the destination to small islands such as Puruk Cahu).

83 SOUTH KALIMANTAN

• The mode of public transport to the tourism objetcs is still limited. • AKAP: the inter-cities and inter-provinces transports are available (No data) • AKDP: the inter-cities transport in province is available (not registered) • ANGKOT: available but less developed. Only in city level I . • ANGKUDES: available but less developed and not well registered

• TRAVEL: serves for the transport of inter-cities of inter-province and in province without routes and some are the personal vehicles. • RENTAL TRANSPORT: It costs Rp.300.000 -500.000/day for car rental but not under control. • TAXI: available in city level I Banjarmasin. (Airport Taxi)

• WATER TRANSPORT: available for the destinations to small islands and to other provinces (by Ferry). • WATER TRANSPORT RENTAL: no data.

84 Possibilities of the Potential of the Development Particularly in Public Transports

• The development of the network of the route of public transport passing through the tourism destination and in the tourism destination (AKAP, AKDP, ANGKOT, ANGKUDES).

• The development of the use of Bentor (Motor Trishaw) for the tourist destination with the short distance.

• Public transport among tourism objects (sightseeing public transport).

• Coordination/regulation on the service of rental transport of motor vehicles.

• Also needs to provide tourism transport that is the transport for the need of tourism or other needs as non-route transport service such as the needs for family and other social needs.

• Rental transport is the transport using the cars for public passengers providing the transport from door to door with or without driver in the limited operational areas known as car rentals/rent a car such as Avis, Budget. Such transport commonly has the representative at airport. 85

THE QUALITY OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT (INTEGRATION, SECURITY-SAFETY)

86

Integration inter-modes

• The integration among modes will facilitate the tourists to visit some locations using the public transport. The result of the identification on the role of the land transportation particularly the interconnection of mode has been found in some provinces in Kalimantan:

• East Kalimantan: There has been the integration among modes to support the accessibility of tourism objects but not entirely. •

• South Kalimantan: some location has no any integration among modes to support the accessibility of the tourism objects. • Other provinces have no any integration among modes.

87

Reliability

• Of all provinces, it is identified that there is no reliability of public transport especially for the public transport for tourism.

Security and Safety

• There is no standard on the security and safety system especially for the tour transport; thus it needs to be well developed in the form of Norms, Standard, Regulations and Manual (NSPM). Comfort

• There is no standard on the comfort especially for the tourism transport; thus it needs to be well developed in the form of Norms, Standard, Regulations and Manual (NSPM).

88

Information System of Tourism Transportation

• From the identification conducted, there is no any information system regarding transportation system and tourism in Kalimantan. Therefore, it needs the information system of tourism also containing the supporting transportation system. Road Service/Signposts/Directional Signs for the Tourism

• The signposts and the directional signs to the tourist attractions are not complete. A good signpost system to visit the tourist attraction needs to be developed.

89 Possibilities of the Potential of the Development Particularly in Public Transports

The development of integration among modes to support

• the accessibility of tourist attraction and tourist entrances.

• the accessibility among the tourist destinations.

• the accessibility in tourist destination (intra-tourism destination)

90

CONCLUSION

91

• There is a need for management of types – variety and quality of the transportation network to support the tourism; those are in the form of the availability of transportation nodes, availability of the sufficient transportation network, availability of public transport and availability of tourism transport service

• It needs the enhancement of quality of transportation system management in the form of integration, reliability, security and safety, information system of tourism transport and road service/signposts / directional signs for tourism

92

RECOMMENDATION

93