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JOHN WILDER TUKEY 16 June 1915 — 26 July 2000
Tukey second proof 7/11/03 2:51 pm Page 1 JOHN WILDER TUKEY 16 June 1915 — 26 July 2000 Biogr. Mems Fell. R. Soc. Lond. 49, 000–000 (2003) Tukey second proof 7/11/03 2:51 pm Page 2 Tukey second proof 7/11/03 2:51 pm Page 3 JOHN WILDER TUKEY 16 June 1915 — 26 July 2000 Elected ForMemRS 1991 BY PETER MCCULLAGH FRS University of Chicago, 5734 University Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA John Wilder Tukey was a scientific generalist, a chemist by undergraduate training, a topolo- gist by graduate training, an environmentalist by his work on Federal Government panels, a consultant to US corporations, a data analyst who revolutionized signal processing in the 1960s, and a statistician who initiated grand programmes whose effects on statistical practice are as much cultural as they are specific. He had a prodigious knowledge of the physical sci- ences, legendary calculating skills, an unusually sharp and creative mind, and enormous energy. He invented neologisms at every opportunity, among which the best known are ‘bit’ for binary digit, and ‘software’ by contrast with hardware, both products of his long associa- tion with Bell Telephone Labs. Among his legacies are the fast Fourier transformation, one degree of freedom for non-additivity, statistical allowances for multiple comparisons, various contributions to exploratory data analysis and graphical presentation of data, and the jack- knife as a general method for variance estimation. He popularized spectrum analysis as a way of studying stationary time series, he promoted exploratory data analysis at a time when the subject was not academically respectable, and he initiated a crusade for robust or outlier-resist- ant methods in statistical computation. -
John W. Tukey 1915–2000
John W. Tukey 1915–2000 A Biographical Memoir by David R. Brillinger 2018 National Academy of Sciences. Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. JOHN WILDER TUKEY June 16, 1915–July 26, 2000 Elected to the NAS, 1961 John Wilder Tukey was renowned for research and service in academia, industry, and government. He was born June 16, 1915, in New Bedford, Massachusetts, the only child of Adah M. Takerand Ralph H. Tukey. His parents had grad- uated first and second in the Bates College class of 1898. John had unusual talents from an early age. He could read when he was three, and had remarkable powers of mental calculation. His father had obtained a doctorate in Latin from Yale University and then moved on to teach and be principal at New Bedford High School. His mother was a substitute teacher there. Perhaps as a consequence of these backgrounds, Tukey was schooled at home, but he did attend various classes at the high school. By David R. Brillinger Tukey’s wife, Elizabeth Rapp, was born on March 2, 1920, in Ocean City, New Jersey. She went to Temple Univer- sity and was later valedictorian in the 1944 class in business administration at Radcliffe College. About meeting John, she commented that the first time she saw him he was sitting in the front row of a public lecture asking quite difficult questions of the speaker. They later met at a folkdance class that John was teaching. -
Jfr Mathematics for the Planet Earth
SOME MATHEMATICAL ASPECTS OF THE PLANET EARTH José Francisco Rodrigues (University of Lisbon) Article of the Special Invited Lecture, 6th European Congress of Mathematics 3 July 2012, KraKow. The Planet Earth System is composed of several sub-systems: the atmosphere, the liquid oceans and the icecaps and the biosphere. In all of them Mathematics, enhanced by the supercomputers, has currently a key role through the “universal method" for their study, which consists of mathematical modeling, analysis, simulation and control, as it was re-stated by Jacques-Louis Lions in [L]. Much before the advent of computers, the representation of the Earth, the navigation and the cartography have contributed in a decisive form to the mathematical sciences. Nowadays the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program, sponsored by the International Council of Scientific Unions, may contribute to stimulate several mathematical research topics. In this article, we present a brief historical introduction to some of the essential mathematics for understanding the Planet Earth, stressing the importance of Mathematical Geography and its role in the Scientific Revolution(s), the modeling efforts of Winds, Heating, Earthquakes, Climate and their influence on basic aspects of the theory of Partial Differential Equations. As a special topic to illustrate the wide scope of these (Geo)physical problems we describe briefly some examples from History and from current research and advances in Free Boundary Problems arising in the Planet Earth. Finally we conclude by referring the potential impact of the international initiative Mathematics of Planet Earth (www.mpe2013.org) in Raising Public Awareness of Mathematics, in Research and in the Communication of the Mathematical Sciences to the new generations. -
26 February 2016 ECE 438 Lecture Notes
ECE 438 Lecture Notes Page 1 2/26/2016 Computer Pioneers - James William Cooley 2/26/16, 10:58 AM IEEE-CS Home | IEEE Computer Society History Committee Computer Pioneers by J. A. N. Lee « Cook, Stephen A. index Coombs, Allen W. M. » James William Cooley Born September 18, 1926; with John Tukey, creator of the fast Fourier transform. Education: BA, arts, Manhattan College, 1949; MA, mathematics, Columbia University, 1951; PhD, applied mathematics, Columbia University, 1961. Professional Experience: programmer, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton University, 1953-1956; research assistant, mathematics, Courant Institute, New York University, 1956-1962; research staff, IBM Watson Research Center, 1962-1991; professor, electrical engineering, University of Rhode Island, 1991-present. Honors and Awards: Contribution Award, Audio and Acoustics Society, 1976; Meritorious Service Award, ASSP Society, 1980; Society Award, Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 1984; IEEE Centennial Award, 1984; fellow, IEEE James W. Cooley started his career in applied mathematics and computing when he worked and studied under Professor F.J. Murray at Columbia University. He then became a programmer in the numerical weather prediction group at John von Neumann's computer project at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. [See the biography of Jule Charney.] In 1956, he started working as a research assistant at the Courant Institute at New York University, New York. Here he worked on numerical methods and programming of quantum mechanical calculations (Cooley 1961). This led to his thesis for his PhD degree from Columbia University. In 1962 he obtained a position as a research staff member at the IBM Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York. -
Ÿþm I C R O S O F T W O R
International conference Partial Differential Equations and Applications in Honour of Mark Vishik on the occasion of his 90th birthday IITP, Moscow, Russia June 4-7, 2012 Confirmed participants 1. Mikhail Agranovich, Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics (abstract) 2. Anatoli Babin, University of California -- Irvine (abstract) 3. Claude Bardos, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (abstract) 4. Sergey Bezrodnykh, Dorodnitsyn Computing Center (abstract) 5. Natalia Chalkina, Moscow State University (abstract) 6. Vladimir Chepyzhov, Institute for Information Transmission Problems (abstract) 7. Alexander Demidov, Moscow State University (abstract) 8. Sergey Dobrokhotov, Ishlinski Institute for Problems in Mechanics (abstract) 9. Stamatis Dostoglou, University of Missouri (abstract) 10. Julii Dubinskii, Moscow Power Engineering Institute (TBA) 11. Alexander Dynin, Ohio State University (abstract) 12. Grigory Eskin, University of California -- Los Angeles (abstract) 13. Mark Freidlin, University of Maryland (abstract) 14. Leonid Friedlander, University of Arizona (abstract) 15. Andrei Fursikov, Moscow State University (abstract) 16. Vakha Gishlarkaev, Chechen State University 17. Evgeny Gorin, Moscow State Pedagogical University (abstract) 18. Andrey Goritsky, Moscow State University 19. Alexander Grigoryan, University of Bielefeld (abstract) 20. Nikolay Gusev, Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology (abstract) 21. Alain Haraux, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (abstract) 22. Yulij Ilyashenko, MSU, IUM, NRU HSE, Cornell (abstract) 23. Alexei Ilyin, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics (abstract) 24. Valeriy Imaykin, Research Institute of Innovative Strategies for General Education Development (abstract) 25. Valentina Ipatova, Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology (abstract) 26. Shoshana Kamin, Tel Aviv University 27. Aleksey Kapustyan, Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University (abstract) 28. Alexander Komech, Institute for Information Transmission Problems (abstract) 29. Andrey Komech, Institute for Information Transmission Problems (abstract) 30. -
From the Collections of the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton, NJ
From the collections of the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton, NJ These documents can only be used for educational and research purposes (“Fair use”) as per U.S. Copyright law (text below). By accessing this file, all users agree that their use falls within fair use as defined by the copyright law. They further agree to request permission of the Princeton University Library (and pay any fees, if applicable) if they plan to publish, broadcast, or otherwise disseminate this material. This includes all forms of electronic distribution. Inquiries about this material can be directed to: Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library 65 Olden Street Princeton, NJ 08540 609-258-6345 609-258-3385 (fax) [email protected] U.S. Copyright law test The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or other reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or other reproduction for purposes in excess of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. The Princeton Mathematics Community in the 1930s Transcript Number 36 (PMC36) © The Trustees of Princeton University, 1985 ALBERT TUCKER OVERVIEW OF MATHEMATICS AT PRINCETON IN THE 1930s This is an interview on 8 October 1984 of Albert Tucker in Princeton, New Jersey. -
50(1) P164-180.Pdf
Title サヴェジ氏の略伝 Author(s) 園, 信太郎 Citation 經濟學研究, 50(1), 164-180 Issue Date 2000-06 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/32191 Type bulletin (article) File Information 50(1)_P164-180. -
Congress Passes Science and Mathematics Education Bill
THE NEWSLETTER OF THE MATHEMATICAL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA VOLUME 4 NUMBER 4 SEPTEMBER 1984 Congress Passes Science and Mathematics Education Bill . Peter Farnham n July 25, 1984, the House agreed overwhelmingly to tionary projects. Professional societies or associations "in approve the Education for Economic Security Act the fields of mathematics, physical or biological sciences, O(S.1285), a massive science and mathematics educa or engineering" may enter into cooperative agreements with tion bill. S.1285was approved by the Senate Labor and Human NSF, local education agencies, or institutions of higher edu Resources Committee in May 1983, but languished at that cation to develop 1) teacher training and retraining pro point until late June 1984, when it was finally passed by the grams, and 2) instructional programs and materials in sci Senate. The House version of the bill, H.R. 1310, passed the ence and mathematics. House in March 1983. Title II is primarily a formula grant program administered The long delay in securing Senate approval of the bill was by the Department of Education, and carries an authorization caused by a controversial "equal access" amendment, which of $350 million for FY 1984 and $400 million for FY 1985. allows religious student groups to meet on school property Ninety percent of the funds will be made available to the after classes. This amendment was opposed by civil liber states; of those funds, 70% will be passed on to local edu tarians on grounds that it infringed on the separation of cation agencies and 30% to state higher education agencies church and state. -
Mathematical Events of the Twentieth Century Mathematical Events of the Twentieth Century
Mathematical Events of the Twentieth Century Mathematical Events of the Twentieth Century Edited by A. A. Bolibruch, Yu.S. Osipov, and Ya.G. Sinai 123 PHASIS † A. A. Bolibruch Ya . G . S i n a i University of Princeton Yu. S. Osipov Department of Mathematics Academy of Sciences Washington Road Leninsky Pr. 14 08544-1000 Princeton, USA 117901 Moscow, Russia e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board: V.I. Arnold A. A. Bolibruch (Vice-Chair) A. M. Vershik Yu. I. Manin Yu. S. Osipov (Chair) Ya. G. Sinai (Vice-Chair) V. M . Ti k h o m i rov L. D. Faddeev V.B. Philippov (Secretary) Originally published in Russian as “Matematicheskie sobytiya XX veka” by PHASIS, Moscow, Russia 2003 (ISBN 5-7036-0074-X). Library of Congress Control Number: 2005931922 Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 01A60 ISBN-10 3-540-23235-4 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-23235-3 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broad- casting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and PHASIS Moscow 2006 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. -
“. . . How Wonderful the Field of Statistics Is.
4 “. how wonderful the field of statistics is. ” David R. Brillinger Department of Statistics University of California, Berkeley, CA 4.1 Introduction There are two purposes for this chapter. The first is to remind/introduce readers to some of the important statistical contributions and attitudes of the great American scientist John W. Tukey. The second is to take note of the fact that statistics commencement speeches are important elements in the communication of statistical lore and advice and not many seem to end up in the statistical literature. One that did was Leo Breiman’s 1994.1 It was titled “What is the Statistics Department 25 years from now?” Another is Tukey’s2 presentation to his New Bedford high school. There has been at least one article on how to prepare such talks.3 Given the flexibility of this COPSS volume, in particular its encourage- ment of personal material, I provide a speech from last year. It is not claimed to be wonderful, rather to be one of a genre. The speech below was delivered June 16, 2012 for the Statistics Department Commencement at the University of California in Los Angeles (UCLA) upon the invitation of the Department Chair, Rick Schoenberg. The audience consisted of young people, their rela- tives and friends. They numbered perhaps 500. The event was outdoors on a beautiful sunny day. The title and topic4 were chosen with the goal of setting before young statisticians and others interested the fact that America had produced a great scientist who was a statistician, John W. Tukey. Amongst other things he created the field Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA). -
Von Neumann 1903-1957 Peter Lax ≈1926- 1940 – 1970 Floating Point Arithmetic
Nick Trefethen Oxford Computing Lab Who invented the great numerical algorithms? Slides available at my web site: www.comlab.ox.ac.uk/nick.trefethen A discussion over coffee. Ivory tower or coal face? SOME MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING (29 of them) Before 1940 Newton's method least-squares fitting orthogonal linear algebra Gaussian elimination QR algorithm Gauss quadrature Fast Fourier Transform Adams formulae quasi-Newton iterations Runge-Kutta formulae finite differences 1970-2000 preconditioning 1940-1970 spectral methods floating-point arithmetic MATLAB splines multigrid methods Monte Carlo methods IEEE arithmetic simplex algorithm nonsymmetric Krylov iterations conjugate gradients & Lanczos interior point methods Fortran fast multipole methods stiff ODE solvers wavelets finite elements automatic differentiation Before 1940 Newton’s Method for nonlinear eqs. Heron, al-Tusi 12c, Al Kashi 15c, Viète 1600, Briggs 1633… Isaac Newton 1642-1727 Mathematician and physicist Trinity College, Cambridge, 1661-1696 (BA 1665, Fellow 1667, Lucasian Professor of Mathematics 1669) De analysi per aequationes numero terminorum infinitas 1669 (published 1711) After 1696, Master of the Mint Joseph Raphson 1648-1715 Mathematician at Jesus College, Cambridge Analysis Aequationum universalis 1690 Raphson’s formulation was better than Newton’s (“plus simple” - Lagrange 1798) FRS 1691, M.A. 1692 Supporter of Newton in the calculus wars—History of Fluxions, 1715 Thomas Simpson 1710-1761 1740: Essays on Several Curious and Useful Subjects… 1743-1761: -
September 1988 Table of Contents
OTICES OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY 1988 Steele Prizes page 965 ;I~ The AMS Centennial: Social and Mathematical Festivities page 970 SEPTEMBER 1988, VOLUME 35, NUMBER 7 Providence, Rhode Island, USA ISSN 0002-9920 Calendar of AMS Meetings and Conferences This calendar lists all meetings which have been approved prior to Mathematical Society in the issue corresponding to that of the Notices the date this issue of Notices was sent to the press. The summer which contains the program of the meeting. Abstracts should be sub and annual meetings are joint meetings of the Mathematical Associ mitted on special forms which are available in many departments of ation of America and the American Mathematical Society. The meet mathematics and from the headquarters office of the Society. Ab ing dates which fall rather far in the future are subject to change; this stracts of papers to be presented at the meeting must be received is particularly true of meetings to which no numbers have been as at the headquarters of the Society in Providence, Rhode Island, on signed. Programs of the meetings will appear in the issues indicated or before the deadline given below for the meeting. Note that the below. First and supplementary announcements of the meetings will deadline for abstracts for consideration for presentation at special have appeared in earlier issues. sessions is usually three weeks earlier than that specified below. For Abstracts of papers presented at a meeting of the Society are pub additional information, consult the meeting announcements and the lished in the journal Abstracts of papers presented to the American list of organizers of special sessions.