Zootaxa 4243 (1): 042–074 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B4D35FB5-BC82-426C-BFCF-4EEF4D6EAFE6 Phylogenetic relationships and morphology of the Pristimantis leptolophus species group (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephaloidea), with the recognition of a new species group in Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 GUSTAVO A. GONZÁLEZ-DURÁN1, MARIANE TARGINO2, MARCO RADA2 & TARAN GRANT2,3 1Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Laboratorio de Anfibios, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, 111321 2Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 05508-090 3Corresponding author. E-mail:
[email protected] Abstract We evaluate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of the Pristimantis leptolophus species group and describe its external morphology, osteology, and some myological characteristics. We also compare the P. leptolophus species group to other related species groups. The P. leptolophus group is not monophyletic due to the inclusion of P. acatallelus, for- merly believed to be part of the P. devillei group. The revised P. leptolophus group is composed of nine named species and six unnamed species. Based on our results, we recognize a new species group, the P. boulengeri species group, com- posed of eight species, many of which were previously assigned to the P. lacrimosus species group. Key words: Craugastoridae, myology, osteology, phylogeny, systematics, terrarana Introduction With 494 species of Neotropical, direct-developing frogs (Frost, 2016), Pristimantis Jiménez de La Espada, 1870 is the richest genus of vertebrates.