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Pesachim 113.Pub א' יסן תשפ“אSun, Mar 14 2021 OVERVIEW of the Daf Distinctive INSIGHT 1) Instructions (cont.) Torah study and support from communal funds פשוט בילתא בשוקא ושקיל אגרא ולא תימא כהא אא The advice Rav shared with different students as well וגברא רבא אא .as with his son is recorded The Gemara presents the statements of different Amo- raim regarding brewing beer . R ambam (Hilchos Talmud Torah 3:10) writes that Business advice from R’ Pappa as well as general pieces a person who studies Torah and does not earn a liv- of advice are shared. ing, but rather suffices by collecting tzedakah, R’ Yochanan identified three people who inherit the “disgraces the name of Hashem, diminishes the light World-to-Come and three people whose piety is praised by of Torah, causes harm to himself and has his share in Hashem on a daily basis. the World-to-Come depleted.” This is because it is The Gemara enumerates three people that Hashem prohibited to derive benefit from the study of Torah loves and three people Hashem hates. in this world. notes ( “ד ה ומ“ ש דברי תורה ,Witnessing someone acting immorally Beis Yosef (Y.D. 246 (2 An incident of Tuvya and Zigud is recorded. that Rambam’s words are consistent with his view A disagreement is presented concerning one who wit- nessed another commit an immoral act. According to R’ (Avos 4:5) which is that it is improper for scholars to Shmuel the son of R’ Yitzchak in the name of Rav it is per- collect stipends for learning. Yet it seems that even in mitted to hate the sinner, whereas according to R’ the time of Rambam, it was a prevalent arrangement Nachman bar Yitzchak it is a mitzvah to hate him. for Torah scholars to be financially rewarded for their R’ Ashi taught that one is permitted to tell his teacher diligence and commitment to Torah study. that another committed an immoral act, if the teacher will However, Tashbetz (1:147) writes that the words of believe him as strongly as two witnesses. Rambam were only critical of the system of support- 3) Threesomes and then some ing Torah scholars in times when people were fo- Three Baraisos teaching something related to a three- cused, and study of Torah for nine quality hours a day some are presented. realistically could be combined with a few hours of The third Baraisa continues to teach lessons related to labor to complete one’s rounded schedule. Taking groups of four, five, six and seven. tzedakah under these conditions was unnecessary and Three teachings are taught in the name of Rabbah bar even pathetic. However, in our days, forgetfulness is bar Channa in the name of R’ Shmuel bar Marta in the rampant, and a person involved in labor or business name of Rav in the name of R’ Yosi from Hutzal. can rarely delve into deep and penetrating Torah A Baraisa discusses the identity of R’ Yosi from Hutzal as well as others. study. Therefore, the halachah commends those who devote themselves to full-time Torah study, even if it means that they must be supported by others in order REVIEW and Remember to do so. 1. Why did Rav teach his son Avya the ways of the world? The Gemara here recommends that a person be prepared to do even menial jobs and to avoid collect- 2. What three people inherit the World-to-Come? ing tzedakah at all costs. This is to be understood as a recommendation, not as a hard and fast rule. There- 3. Under what circumstances is it permitted to hate fore today, it is not only permitted, but in many cases another Jew? it is encouraged for a person to pursue full-time Torah study and to be part of a partnership to be supported 4. What were the five lessons Canaan gave his son? by communal funds, if need be. פסחים קי“ג—Number 435 and perform charitable acts for a Jew who sins out of temp- tation, provided he does not reject any of the 13 fundamen- HALACHAH Highlight tal principles of Judaism. However, if he is given a warning 6 Is it ever permitted to hate another Jew? and it goes unheeded, it is indeed a mitzvah to hate him. Others maintain 7 that in our days there is no mitzvah to שוא ישראל, ומי שריא למסיו והכתיב לא תשא את אחיך וכו ‘ hate sinners. According to the Chazon Ish 8, children who דחזיא ביה איהו דבר ערוה. ר“ ג בר יצחק אמר מצוה לשאותו Is it indeed permitted to hate a Jew? Doesn’t the Torah say, “Do grew up in a non-religious environment have the halachic and their actions are considered as , תיוק ששבה not hate your brother (a fellow Jew)?” In a case where one saw status of a someone doing something wrong, then it is permitted. R. Nachman if performed under duress. Therefore, one may not hate bar Yitzchok says in such an instance it is actually a mitzvah to them. .1 עי‘ ח“ ח בהלכות לשה“ ר ד‘ ז‘ .hate him .2 באדר“ פט“ ז אות ה ‘. ועע“ ש וצ“ע .3 בגמ‘ ע“ ז כ“ ו ב‘ I t is clear from the Gemara that when one knows of the .4 דלתוס ‘ (בד “ ה אי) ומאירי, בע “ ז, בע “ ז שם. מומר לתיאבון דיו sins of someone else (regarding a sin which the perpetrator כישראל וכפשטות הגמ ‘ שם. וליראים סימן מ “ ז (הובא בסמ “ ג knows is prohibited 1) the transgressor is no longer called סמ “ ק וטור יו “ ד ר “ א) א “ צ אפילו להחיותו. ולרמב “ ם תלוי בהאם שוה באיולתו תמיד, וע “ ע בשו “ ת חת “ ס חחו “ מ בליקוטים סימן your brother.” Therefore it is no longer prohibited to hate“ ס “ ו, ובמקור מים חיים שבשו “ ע יו “ ד ק “ ח ס “ א. וע “ ע בשו “ ע יו “ ד him (for the restriction of hating only applies to someone ר“ א ס“ א וב ‘, ובסימן ב‘ ס“ ה, ובחו“ מ סימן ערב סי“א who has the status of “your brother”). From our Gemara it .5 כ “ כ באהבת חסד ח “ א פ “ ג ס “ ב, וכן במשה ברורה שכ “ ט ס “ ק ט ‘, וע“ ע בח“ ח בלשה“ ר ד‘ ז‘ ,is apparent that even if one sins due to yielding to his lusts .6 בשו“ ע חו“ מ ער“ ב סי“ א, וכהגה“ מ פ“ ו מהלכות דעות and not to spite God, it is still permitted, or even a mitzvah .7 חזו “ א ביו “ ד סימן ב ‘ אות כ “ ח, עפ “ י מש “ כ בסוף האה “ ח ממהר “ י to hate him. [Perhaps this is what the Avos D’Rebbi Noson מולין ומהר “ ם מלובלין שאצליו תמיד בקודם תוהחה שאין או means 2 when it says, “If one acts like a Jew you should love יודעים להוכיח. עכ “ ד. וראה שר “ ל שכ “ ה בערכין ט “ ז ב ‘ וכ “ ה ברי“ ף בבמ“צ י“ ז א ‘, שאין או יודעים להוכיח, אמם אפ “ ה סתימת him, but if he does not act like a Jew you should not love השו “ ע ו “ כ ה “ ל שכיון שהתרה בו ישאהו, ודלא כחזו “ א. וצ “ א. him.”] However, in regards to the halachah of returning a ואפשר גם שמה “ ט לשון השו “ ע ” התראה “ ולא תוכחה “, שאין לו -lost object 3 one who sins out of temptation is still consid תוכחה, ואכ“ ז כיון שהתרה, ישאהו -ered “your brother” and you must return him his lost ob .8 זה עוד טעם בחזו “ א ה “ ל. וע “ ע בפוסקים ביו “ ד ק “ ט ס “ ד, והמ “ ב 4 שפ“ ה ס“ ק א ‘ ושעה“ צ ס“ ק ב ‘ וטה להחמיר, וע “ ע בסימן ש “ ל ס “ ב jects. There are differing opinions in the Rishonim on this בבה“ ל בד“ ה כותית. ובמקום אחר הרחבו ואכמ“ ל topic. In practice 5, there is a mitzvah to have mercy upon and all of the preparations had been his journey until Elul. In the meantime, made. His papers were in order, and his he sent a farewell letter to European STORIES Off the Daf students had established a home for Jewry, and made last minute arrange- The greatness of living in Eretz Yisroel him near the yeshiva in Petach Tikvah. ments. At the last moment, a delegation When it became widely known that of great Roshei Yeshivah led by Rav שלשה מוחלי העוה “ב אלו הן: הדר בא “י he was about to leave Europe, Rav Boruch Ber Leibowitz, zt”l, arrived in T he Ben Ish Chai, zt”l, explains that Chaim Ozer Grodzenski, zt”l, called an Radin and insisted that he wait until Eretz Yisroel is itself one of the three emergency conference of leading Rab- after the holidays. The gadol couldn’t things that can only be acquired through bonim, and in one voice they begged withstand the pressure, and agreed. suffering. He says, “One who has already the gadol hador not to abandon them. On the final day, the Rebbetzin fell acquired Eretz Yisroel through suffering The Chofetz Chaim tried to resist. “I ill and required surgery. After that, his has, naturally, already acquired a share am already old, I have no more strength. daughter got sick. And in the mean- in the World-to-Come!” I cannot contribute anything more.” while, the Chofetz Chaim himself weak- The Chofetz Chaim, zt”l, made su- Rav Chaim Ozer argued with him. ened and the doctors forbade a long perhuman efforts to make aliyah, and “A father doesn’t abandon his children journey.
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