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Pest Risk Assessment of Dendrolimus Sibiricus and Dendrolimus Superans

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Pest Risk Assessment of Dendrolimus Sibiricus and Dendrolimus Superans VKM Report 2018:08 Pest risk assessment of Dendrolimus sibiricus and Dendrolimus superans Opinion of the Panel on Plant Health of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM) 2018:08 Pest risk assessment of Dendrolimus sibiricus and Dendrolimus superans Opinion of the Panel on Plant Health of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment 19.04.2018 ISBN: 978-82-8259-305-2 ISSN: 2535-4019 The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] www.vkm.no www.english.vkm.no Cover photo: John Ghent, Bugwood.org Suggested citation: VKM, Trond Rafoss, Daniel Flø, Leif Sundheim, Micael Wendell, Guro Brodal, Åshild Ergon, Christer Magnusson, Arild Sletten, Halvor Solheim (2018). Pest risk assessment of Dendrolimus sibiricus and Dendrolimus superans. Opinion of the Panel on Plant Health of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM report 2018:08, ISBN: 978-82-8259-305-2, ISSN: 2535-4019. Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM), Oslo, Norway. VKM Report 2018:08 Pest risk assessment of Dendrolimus sibiricus and Dendrolimus superans Preparation of the opinion The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (Vitenskapskomiteen for mat og miljø, VKM) appointed a project group to answer the request from the Norwegian Food Safety Authority. The project group consisted of two VKM members from the Panel on Plant Health and one two project managers from the VKM secretariat. Three external referees commented on and reviewed the manuscript. The VKM Panel on Plant Health evaluated and approved the final opinion drafted by the project group. Authors of the opinion Members of the project group that contributed to the drafting of the opinion (in alphabetical order after chair of the project group): Trond Rafoss – Chair of the project group and chair of the VKM Panel on Plant Health. Affiliation: 1) VKM; 2) Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBO) Daniel Flø – Member of the project group and project manager in the VKM secretariat. Affiliation: VKM. Leif Sundheim – Member of the project group and member of the VKM Panel on Plant Health. Affiliation: 1) VKM; 2) NIBO Micael Wendell – Member of the project group and project manager in the VKM secretariat. Affiliation: VKM. Members of the VKM Panel on Plant Health that contributed to the assessment and approval of the opinion: In addition to Trond Rafoss and Leif Sundheim, these were (in alphabetical order) Guro Brodal – Member of the VKM Panel on Plant Health. Affiliation: 1) VKM; 2) NIBO Åshild Ergon – Member of the Panel Member of the VKM Panel on Plant Health. Affiliation: 1) VKM; 2) Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) Christer Magtnusson – Member of the VKM Panel on Plant Health. Affiliation: 1) VKM; 2) NIBO Arild Sletten – Member of the VKM Panel on Plant Health. Affiliation: 1) VKM; 2) NIBO VKM Report 2018:08 Halvor Solheim – Member of the VKM Panel on Plant Health. Affiliation: 1) VKM; 2) NIBO Acknowledgment VKM would like to thank Salla Hannunen, Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Michal Czyz, Institute of Plant Protection – National Research institute (Poland) and Jean-Claude Grégoire, Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium) and members of the EFSA Panel on Plant Health for reviewing the opinion and providing constructive criticism. VKM would also like to thank Oleg Kulinich and Yuri Baranchikov for providing expertise and insights relevant literature regarding biology and occurrence in Russia. Competence of VKM experts Persons working for VKM, either as appointed members of the Committee or as external experts, do this by virtue of their scientific expertise, not as representatives for their employers or third party interests. The Civil Services Act instructions on legal competence apply for all work prepared by VKM. VKM Report 2018:08 Table of Contents Summary .................................................................................................................. 8 Sammendrag på norsk ........................................................................................... 11 Abbreviations and/or glossary ............................................................................... 13 Background as provided by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority ....................... 15 Terms of reference as provided by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority ............ 16 Assessment ............................................................................................................. 17 1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 17 1.1 Purpose and scope ................................................................................................. 17 1.2 Information collection ............................................................................................ 17 Previous pest risk assessments .................................................................... 17 List of conclusions from previous PRA’s: ....................................................... 18 Literature search strategy ............................................................................ 19 Data collection ............................................................................................ 19 1.3 Ratings of probabilities and uncertainties ................................................................. 19 2 Pest identity, biology, occurrence, hosts and regulatory status ................... 20 2.1 Pest identification, name and taxonomic position ..................................................... 20 Biological information .................................................................................. 20 2.1.1.1 Dendrolimus sibiricus ................................................................................ 20 2.1.1.2 Dendrolimus superans .............................................................................. 21 Taxonomic position ..................................................................................... 21 Host plant species ....................................................................................... 22 2.1.3.1 Dendrolimus sibiricus ................................................................................ 23 2.1.3.2 Dendrolimus superans .............................................................................. 23 Geographical distribution ............................................................................. 23 2.1.4.1 Dendrolimus sibiricus ................................................................................ 23 2.1.4.2 Dendrolimus superans .............................................................................. 26 2.1.4.3 Occurrence of the pests in the PRA area ...................................................... 26 2.2 Regulatory status ................................................................................................... 26 3 Assessment of the probability of introduction and spread ............................ 28 3.1 Probability of entry of the pest ................................................................................ 28 Identification of pathways for entry .............................................................. 28 3.1.1.1 Human mediated spread as an entry of the pest ........................................ 30 VKM Report 2018:08 Living trees ............................................................................................................ 30 Coniferous wood in the rough ................................................................................. 31 Foliage and branches ............................................................................................. 33 3.1.1.2 Natural spread as an entry of the pest. ...................................................... 34 Dendrolimus sibiricus ............................................................................................. 34 Dendrolimus superans ............................................................................................ 35 Probability of the pest being associated with the pathways ............................ 36 Probability of survival during transport or storage ......................................... 36 Probability of the pest surviving existing pest management procedures .......... 37 Probability of transfer to a host .................................................................... 37 Conclusions on the probability of entry ......................................................... 37 3.2 Probability of establishment .................................................................................... 38 Climatic suitability ....................................................................................... 38 Natural enemies .......................................................................................... 41 Conclusion of the probability of establishment .............................................. 41 3.3 Probability of spread after establishment ................................................................. 41 3.4 Endangered area within the PRA area ..................................................................... 42 3.5 Assessment of impact ............................................................................................ 43 3.6 Conclusion of the impact .......................................................................................
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