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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0071096 A1 Yamada Et Al

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US 20100071096A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0071096 A1 Yamada et al. (43) Pub. Date: Mar. 18, 2010 (54) PLANT DISEASE AND INSECT DAMAGE Publication Classification CONTROL COMPOSITION AND PLANT (51) Int. Cl. DISEASE AND INSECT DAMAGE AOIH 5/10 (2006.01) PREVENTION METHOD AOIN 55/10 (2006.01) AOIN 25/26 (2006.01) (75) Inventors: Eiichi Yamada, Chiba (JP): AOIH 5/00 (2006.01) Ryutaro Ezaki, Shiga (JP); AOIH 5/02 (2006.01) Hidenori Daido, Chiba (JP) AOIH 5/08 (2006.01) AOIP3/00 (2006.01) Correspondence Address: BUCHANAN, INGERSOLL & ROONEY PC (52) U.S. Cl. ............................ 800/295: 514/63; 504/100 POST OFFICE BOX 1404 (57) ABSTRACT ALEXANDRIA, VA 22313-1404 (US) The invention provides a plant disease and insect damage control composition including, as active ingredients, dinote (73) Assignee: Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Minato-ku furan and at least one fungicidal compound; and a plant (JP) disease and insect damage prevention method that includes applying Such a composition to a plant body, Soil, plant seed, (21) Appl. No.: 12/516,966 stored cereal, stored legume, stored fruit, stored vegetable, silage, stored flowering plant, or export/import timber. The (22) PCT Filed: Nov. 22, 2007 invention provides a new plant disease and insect damage (86). PCT No.: PCT/UP2007/072635 control composition and a plant disease and insect damage prevention method with very low toxicity to mammals and S371 (c)(1), fishes, the composition and method showing an effect against (2), (4) Date: May 29, 2009 plural pathogens and pest insects, including emerging resis tant pathogens and resistant pest insect, by application to a (30) Foreign Application Priority Data plant body, soil, plant seed, stored cereal, stored legume, stored fruit, stored vegetable, silage, stored flowering plant, Nov. 29, 2006 (JP) ................................. 2006-321404 or export/import timber. US 2010/007 1096 A1 Mar. 18, 2010 PLANT DISEASE AND INSECT DAMAGE 0006. As chemicals which prevent plant disease by apply CONTROL COMPOSITION AND PLANT ing to plant seeds there are, conventionally, benomyl agents, DISEASE AND INSECT DAMAGE thiophanate-methyl agents, prochloraZ agents, pefurazoate PREVENTION METHOD agents, and the like, and it is known that these will demon strate an effect, as single agents or mixtures thereof, by spray FIELD OF THE INVENTION treatment, coating treatment, dip treatment, or dressing treat ment to seeds. How ever, among these agents, it is reported 0001. The present invention relates to a plant disease and that the control effect against rice bakanae disease of benomy1 insect damage control composition and a plant disease and and thiophanate-methyl agents is falling. Moreover, while insect damage prevention method. prochloraZ agents are applied against rice blast disease, brown spot, bakanae disease, tulip bulb rot, and shallot dry rot BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION disease, and pefurazoate agents are applied aginst rice blast 0002. It is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid disease, brown spot, bakanae disease, wheat pink Snow mold, Open (JP-A) No. 07-179448 that an effect is shown by dinote and tulip bulb rot, other applications of there agents are not furan as an insecticidal compound, with application methods known. Moreover, mixtures of benomyl and thiuram are Such as foliar application and water application, against: applied for: rice diseases of rice blast disease, seedling blight, Lepidopterous pests, such as the common cutworm, Chilo bakanae disease, brown spot, bacterial grain rot, bacterial and the common cabbageworm; Hemiptera pests, such as the brown stripe and discolorations of rice; wheat-like cereal greenhouse white fly, the cotton aphid, the comstock mealy diseases of barley Stripe, loose Smut, Cephalosporium stripe bug, and the Southern green Stink bug; Coleoptera pests. Such and Scald; cucumber fusarium wilt; gummy stem blight; as the rice water weevil and the striped flea beetle; Diptera damping off tomato fusarium wilt; watermelon fusarium pests such as the house fly and the rice leaf miner; Thysan wilt; soya bean purple seed stain; taros Alternaria leaf spot: opterapests Such as onion thrips; Orthopterapests, such as the Sugarcane Smut, Coix lacryma-jobi leaf blight; Smut, corn Smoky brown cockroach and rice grasshopper, and the like. seedling blight; Japanese pumpkin fusarium basal rot; shal However, there are no indication that there is an effect shown lots dry rot disease; garlic white rot; and yam root rot. How for pest insect prevention by application procedures such as ever, other applications thereof are not known. Moreover, spray treatment, coating treatment, dip treatment, dressing since mixtures of benomyl and thiuram have a strong affect on treatment, fumigation and Smoking treatment, and pressure aquatic animals, there are warnings against their use in places injection to plant seeds. where there is a possibility of dispersal or flow into rivers, 0003 Moreover, it is described in JP-A No. 08-245322, lakes, coastal areas, and culture ponds. JP-A No. 08-245323, JP-A No. 08-29.1009, and JP-A No. 11-005708 that a composition containing dinotefuran and a DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION fungicidal compound shows, in the field of paddy rice culti Problem to be Solved by the Invention Vation, a synergistic effect against rice blast disease (Pyricu laria Oryzae) and sheath blight disease (Rhizoctonia Solani) 0007 An object of the invention is to provide a new pre in application methods such as to seedling raising boxes. vention composition and control method against disease and However, there is no indication that an effect is shown in pest damage to plant bodies, soil, plant seeds, stored cereals, disease prevention and insect damage prevention by applica stored legumes, stored fruits, stored vegetable, silage, stored tions of spray treatment, coating treatment, dip treatment, or flowering plants and export/import timber, wherein the pre dressing treatment to plant seeds. Furthermore, there is no vention composition and control method show an effect indication of the use of mixtures of fulsulfamide and/or against plural pathogens and pest insects, including emerging hymexaZol, with dinotefuran, nor is there any indication of a resistant pathogens and resistant pest insects, yet have a very synergistic effect due to mixed use. low toxicity to mammals and fish, the composition being 0004. It is described in JP-A 61-197553 (Japanese Patent applied to the plant body, soil, plant seeds, stored cereals, Announcement No. 06-027113) that flusulfamide, as a fun stored legumes, stored fruits, stored vegetable, silage, stored gicidal compound, shows antimicrobial activity or growth flowering plants and export/import timber. inhibition activity to various plant pathogenic microbes across a wide range of plant diseases by spraying, soil Surface Means for Solving the Problem application, Soil incorporation application, seed dipping, and 0008. As a result of carrying out diligent examination and root dust coating, root immersion of seedlings and the like, investigation, the present inventors have determined that a and flusulfamide shows a prominent effect especially against composition in which at least one sort of fungicidal com soil diseases where the number of effective control chemicals pound is added to dinotefuran shows a high preventive effect are small. Furthermore, the above document mentions the at a low dose to plural types of disease damage and insect possibility of concomitant use of flusulfamide with a pesti damage, and shows a stable preventive effect toward the cide and the like. However, there is no indication of using above resistant pathogens and/or resistant pest insects, result fluSulfamide with dinotefuran or hymexaZol, or a synergistic ing of the invention. effect thereof. 0009. That is, the means for solving problem is as follows. 0005 JP-A No. 03-227904 (Japanese Patent No. 2,860, 0010) 1. A plant disease and insect damage control com 492) and JP-A No. 08-1987 10 (Japanese Patent No. 3,608, position comprising active ingredients of (RS)-1-me 830), and JP-A No. 08-198713 (Japanese Patent No. 3,608, thyl-2-nitro-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl)guanidine 831) disclose a synergistic effect of the concomitant use of (common name: dinotefuran) and at least one fungicidal flusulfamide with a fungicidal compound, and the like. How compound selected from the group consisting of 2,4- ever, there is no indication of using flusulfamide with dinote dichloro-C.C.C.-trifluoro-4'-nitro-m-toluenesulfonanil furan. ide (common name: flusulfamide), 3-hydroxy-5-meth US 2010/007 1096 A1 Mar. 18, 2010 ylisoxazol (common name: hymexaZol), and (RS)-2-(4- BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE fluorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-3- INVENTION (trimethylsilyl)propan-2-ol (common aC. simeconazole). 0022 Specific examples of the types of disease damage 0011 2. The plant disease and insect damage control which may be prevented with the method of the invention composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least include, but are not limited to, the following: one fungicidal compound comprises 2,4-dichloro-O.C., C-trifluoro-4'-nitro-m-toluenesulfonanilide (common 0023 rice diseases such as rice blast disease (Pyricularia name: fluSulfamide). Oryzae), brown spot (Cochliobolus miyabeanus), bakanae 0012. 3. The plant disease and insect damage control disease (Gibberellafiujikuroi); composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least 0024 wheat-like cereal diseases such as barley stripe one fungicidal compound comprises 3-hydroxy-5-me (Pyrenophora graminea), loose Smut (Ustilago nuda, Usti thylisoxazol (common name: hymexaZol). lago tritici, Ustilago nigra, Ustilago avenae), bunts (Tilletia 0013 4. The plant disease and insect damage control caries, Tilletia pancicii), covered Smut (Ustilago hordei, composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least Ustilago kolleli), Scald (Rhynchosporium secalis), Septoria one fungicidal compound comprises (RS)-2-(4-fluo tritici leaf blotch (Septoria tritici), glume blotch (Lep rophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-3-(trimethylsilyl) tosphaeria nodorum), pink Snow mold (Microdochium propan-2-ol (common name: Simeconazole).
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    Habitat Complexity and Behaviour: Personality, Habitat Selection and Territoriality Kathleen Church A Thesis In the Department of Biology Presented in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Biology) at Concordia University Montréal, Québec, Canada July 2018 © Kathleen Church, 2018 iii Abstract Habitat complexity and behaviour: personality, habitat selection and territoriality Kathleen Church, Ph.D. Concordia University, 2018 Structurally complex habitats support high species diversity and promote ecosystem health and stability, however anthropogenic activity is causing natural forms of complexity to rapidly diminish. At the population level, reductions in complexity negatively affect densities of territorial species, as increased visual distance increases the territory size of individuals. Individual behaviour, including aggression, activity and boldness, is also altered by complexity, due to plastic behavioural responses to complexity, habitat selection by particular personality types, or both processes occurring simultaneously. This thesis explores the behavioural effects of habitat complexity in four chapters. The first chapter, a laboratory experiment based on the ideal free distribution, observes how convict cichlids (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) trade-off the higher foraging success obtainable in open habitats with the greater safety provided in complex habitats under overt predation threat. Dominants always preferred the complex habitat, forming ideal despotic distributions, while subordinates altered their habitat use in response to predation. The second chapter also employs the ideal free distribution to assess how convict cichlids within a dominance hierarchy trade-off between food monopolization and safety in the absence of a iv predator. Dominants again formed ideal despotic distributions in the complex habitat, while dominants with lower energetic states more strongly preferred the complex habitat.
  • Japanese Pyraustinæ (Lepid．)

    Japanese Pyraustinæ (Lepid．)

    Title ON THE KNOWN AND UNRECORDED SPECIES OF THE JAPANESE PYRAUSTINÆ (LEPID．) Author(s) SHIBUYA, Jinshichi Citation Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, 25(3), 151-242 Issue Date 1929-06-15 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/12650 Type bulletin (article) File Information 25(3)_p151-242.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP ON THE KNOWN AND UNRECORDED SPECIES OF THE JAPANESE PYRAUSTINJE (LEPID.) BY JINSHICHI SHIBU¥A~ The object of this paper is to give a systematic account of the species belonging to the pyraustinae, a subfamily of ryralidae, Lepidoptera, which have hitherto been described from Japan, or recorded as occurring in this country. The preliminary account of the Pyraustinae of Japan was given by C. STOLL in his Papillons Exotiques, vol. iv, 1782, and in this publication he described a new species Phalaena (Pyralis) fascialis STOLL (=l£ymenia recurvalis FABR.). In 1860, MOTSCHULSKY in Etud. Entom. vol. ix, enu­ merated a new genus Nomis (= Udea), two new species Sylepta quadri­ maculalis, Udea albopedalis, the latter is the genotype of Nomis, and an unrecorded species Pyrausta sambucalis SCHIFF. et DEN. In regard to Sylepta quadrimaculalis MOTSCH., this species was originally placed under genus Botyodes, and with its specific name Sylepta quadrimaculalis was already given by KOLLER for a Pyralid-moth in 1844, while G. F. HAMPSON elected a new name Sylepta inferior H~IPSN. for S. quadrimaculalis MOTSCH. In 1863, LEDERER in Wien. Ent. Mon. vii, recorded Margaronia perspectalz's 1 \VLK. from this country as Phace!lura advenalz's LED.
  • Diversity of the Moth Fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of a Wetland Forest: a Case Study from Motovun Forest, Istria, Croatia

    Diversity of the Moth Fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of a Wetland Forest: a Case Study from Motovun Forest, Istria, Croatia

    PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM UDC 57:61 VOL. 117, No 3, 399–414, 2015 CODEN PDBIAD DOI: 10.18054/pb.2015.117.3.2945 ISSN 0031-5362 original research article Diversity of the moth fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of a wetland forest: A case study from Motovun forest, Istria, Croatia Abstract TONI KOREN1 KAJA VUKOTIĆ2 Background and Purpose: The Motovun forest located in the Mirna MITJA ČRNE3 river valley, central Istria, Croatia is one of the last lowland floodplain 1 Croatian Herpetological Society – Hyla, forests remaining in the Mediterranean area. Lipovac I. n. 7, 10000 Zagreb Materials and Methods: Between 2011 and 2014 lepidopterological 2 Biodiva – Conservation Biologist Society, research was carried out on 14 sampling sites in the area of Motovun forest. Kettejeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia The moth fauna was surveyed using standard light traps tents. 3 Biodiva – Conservation Biologist Society, Results and Conclusions: Altogether 403 moth species were recorded Kettejeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia in the area, of which 65 can be considered at least partially hygrophilous. These results list the Motovun forest as one of the best surveyed regions in Correspondence: Toni Koren Croatia in respect of the moth fauna. The current study is the first of its kind [email protected] for the area and an important contribution to the knowledge of moth fauna of the Istria region, and also for Croatia in general. Key words: floodplain forest, wetland moth species INTRODUCTION uring the past 150 years, over 300 papers concerning the moths Dand butterflies of Croatia have been published (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8).