Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Series 4 XVIII

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Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Series 4 Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tnah10 XVIII.—Notes on certain genera of Agaristidæ, with descriptions of new species Arthur Gardiner Butler F.L.S. F.Z.S. Published online: 13 Oct 2009.

To cite this article: Arthur Gardiner Butler F.L.S. F.Z.S. (1875) XVIII.—Notes on certain genera of Agaristidæ, with descriptions of new species , Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Series 4, 15:86, 135-144, DOI: 10.1080/00222937508681041 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222937508681041

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Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 XVIII.--Notes on certain Genera of Agaristidm, with Descrip- tions of new 8_pecies. By ARTHUR GARDINER BUTLER, F.L.S, F.Z.S., &c. [Plate XIII.] THE following notes I have made during my rearrangement of the Agaristidm in the collection of the British Museum. The genera Hespagarista and Damias (part.), placed by Mr. Walker among the Castnii~ are referable to the present family~ 136 Mr. A. G. Butler on the Agaristidm. as also are the genera P/~asls, Massaga, and Psyc/wmor2]ta~ originally placed by him among the Melamerid~e and Litho- siid~e. The genus Cocyt[a appears to me to be somewhat intermediate in character between the Agaristid~e and Zyg~enidm ; the antennae are intermediate in character between Agarista and Coronis, in which respect it resembles Burgena (B. trans- ducta) : it will come best at the end of the Agaristidze. Bois- duval erects a tribe, Cocytides~ for its reception. The genera t)hasis and Massaya were referred to their true osition in the first volume of Walker's ' Supplement ' (Lep. et. Suppl. p. 45) ; but at page 136 of the same volume he describes a species of Phasis under the family Melameridm; the type is now in the Museum collection, and is nearly allied to P. noctilux. Josia? separata and Josia ? continua (Lep. Her. vii. pp. 1645, 1646) are referable to the same genus. The genus -Pxtflc]tomorI)]~ais nearly allied to Aly2ia , but has pectinated antenna. Dr. tIerrich-Sehiiffer has unaccountably abandoned the type of Phceyorista (P. agar(stoides)~ an insect with pectinated an- tennve, up.plying the name to species of Walker's genus Jfeta- tlarfsta; m this he has been followed by Walker (Lep. Her. vii. p. 1589, & Suppl. i. p. 59 & v. p. 1859) and Moore {P. Z.S. 1865, &c.). Walker's genus must therefore be restored, and will contain the following species quoted in his Catalogue :--M. transiens (Eusemia transiens, Walk.), J/. bala (P]~ceg. 5ala, Moore), J//. catocallna (Phceg. catocallna~ Walk.), M. leucomela (Pltceg. leucomela, H.-Sch.), J£ trip~ce- noides (P£ce 9. triphccnoldes,Walk. ) , M. longiTennis ( Catoca~ 9. longlpennis, Walk.). The genus Cal~ictala (Damias~ part., Bolsd.) is certainly not Agaristid i it appears to me to be better placed with the Melameridm; Cleoslris would also come better with that group: the antennae in both of these genera are short and hair-like; whereas the antennae of the typical Agaristidm are generally long, and always thickened towards the extremity, as m many butterflies. Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 The genus Arycanda~ described by Mr. Walker under the Chaleosii&e (Lep. Het. Suppl. i. p. 123), was placed by him, in the Collection, next to Eusemia --a proceeding which may, I fear, have led others into error. What is, however, more unfortunate, is that it is structurally identical with the Lithosiid genus TigridoTtera , H.-Sch., which is again identical with the genus Pan~t~ia, Guenge, referred to the Geometridous family * Probably owing to its resemblance to his E~tsemia mollis, which will have to be generically separated from Eusemia. Mr. A. G. Buffer on new S2ecles of Agaristida~. 137 Zerenidse. In fact Arycan([a mac~data, Walk., is closely allied to Pancethla 9eorglata, Guende; whilst Pancethia 2ervasata, Walk.~ is perhaps no more than a variety of Tigrldo2tera exul of HerricI1-Schiiffer. The following species are new :--

Genus VITHORA, Moore (allied to HesTagarlsta ). Vithora agrionides, n. sp. Resembles Cystldla stratonice, Cramer, excepting in the body*. (~ ?. Wings above black; primaries with an interno- median patch cut by the median nervure, and terminating just before first median branch~ a large blotch immediately beyond it, within the cell, and an angulated discaI band, cut by six black nervures~ subhyaline white; secondaries with the basal third and a subangulated discal band, cut by six black nervures~ subhyaline white. Body : thorax dark brown, laterally streaked with ochre-yellow in front, collar yellow: abdomen ochre- ~rellow, with a dorsal series of large dark brown spots and lateral series of narrow small spots; below ochre-yellow; renter with two parallel series of large dark brown spots. Expanse of wings 2 inches 5 to 6 lines. Hakodadi (Whitely). Coll. B.M.

Genus AGARISTA, Leach. Before proceeding to describe new species in this genus, I wish to call attention to one or two points in Dr. Boisduval's recent paper. Speaking of the genera Eusemla and Alylffa (p. 43), Dr. Boisduval says " Nous les avons adoptds plut6t comme divisions que comme genres proprement dits." It appears to me that he has not been careful in separating the species evidently referable to these" divisions." For instanc%Ayarista Rosenberyii, of Felder's unpublished plates, is clearly almost as nearly allied to Agarista agricola as to A. milete~ Cr. ; yet

Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 Dr. Boisduval commences his genus Agarista with A. agri- co/% but places A. Rosenbergii as the 24th species of Eusemia and between E. Tallida, Walker, an undoubted E~tsemia, and ~ E. milete/' which is an .Agarista. The species which follow (E. luctlfera, fenestrat% semyron=cttryso.~ila, Walk., and radians, n. 47) are all Agaristce; the following I have not seen~ but suspect that they also belong to the same gToup :-- * I have to thank Mr. Stretch for calling my attention to Cramer's figure. Cystidiais probably a mimic of ~'it]wra. 138 Mr. A. G. Butler on ~ew STecies of Agaristida~. " E. conferta~ n. 16"~; agrlus, n. 31; pedasus, n. 32; zea, n. 34 ; pales~ n. 35. Then, again, to proceed to more serious errors :--A.frontinus (n. 2) belongs to the Noctuidm, and is identical with OThiusa Tyrrhargyra, a common and well-known species which comes in almost every Australian collection. A. ostorius (n. 3) also belongs to the Noctuid~e, and is the Fodina ostorius of Walker's list. Dr. Boisduval says it is "trbs-rarc :" this may be the case ; but there are four examples in the collection of the British Museum. A. allenata (n. 13) is one of the Catoca- linm, and will probably form a new genus close to Ojohlderes. A. li,ncea (n. 23) is the bambuclna of Eschscholtz ; it comes only from the Philippines so far as I know ; and A. llnceoides (n. 25) is typical A. lincea ; we have it from K6 and Ceram : these two, with the Easemla-mollis group, will form a new genus allied to •usemia.

1. Agarista To~ystlcta ~ n. sp. . Allied to A. Zewlnii, but smaller, shorter in the wing, the spots on basal area lighter and more numerous, four on costa (the two nearest to base minute), three increasing in size within the cell, and five (the second and fourth largcr and oval) in a straight longitudinal line on interno-mcdian area; ostcellular band more angulated, almost divided in the middle; ~iscal series of dots obsolet% excepting near costa; submarginal dots larger, nearly white, seven in number; fringe at apex of primaries and round margin of secondaries white : body below less streaked with orange : primaries below with the discoidal spot close to the postcellular band (which is very irregular~ as above) : discal dots absent ; submarginal dots greyish ; secondaries with a small solitary whitish spot at origin of subcostal branches. Expanse of wings 1 inch 8 lines. Between Sydney and Moreton Bay (Darnel). Type~ B.M. Also allied to A. aflnis and A. ejph~/ra.

Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 2. Agarista nept~o~des~ n. sp. ?. Wings jet-black, fringe spotted with white; primaries with nine white spots arranged as in A. Donovanl, but smaller ; no subapical diffused spots (as usual in that species) ; secondaries with a very narrow central white bar, cut by the nervures~ so that at its superior extremity it is divided into three unequal ovoid spots : head black~ white-spotted ; thorax * Unfortunately the British Museum does not possess a copy of Her- rich-Schi~ffer's ~Aeussereuropiiisehe Schmetterlinge.' Mr. A. G. Butler on new Species of Agaristid~. 139 and base of abdomen black; remainder of abdomen bright orang% crossed by four black segmentM lines: wings below the same as above, excepting that there is a nebulous subcostal greyish streak in primarms : body below less black than above ; the femora orange. Expanse of wings 1 inch 11 lines. Port Albany~ North Australia (Stevens). Typ% B.M. Allied. t% but ver.y distinct, from~ .A'. Donovani; its black-.. and-white coloration makes it very similar to the butterflies m the N.-melicerta group of Neptis. Genus EUSEMIA~ Dalman: Dr. Boisduval's new species, E. Lambertiene (n. 3), of which he justly says that it is "sans contredit~ l'une des plus belles du genr%" is identical with •. bisma of Moore (n. 9). Dr. Boisduval gives Java as the habitat of E. amatr~x (n. 11), whereas the Javan species is his own E. clymene (n. 30) ; if he refers to the ~Oriental Entomology' he will find that Westwood's species comes from India. ~. emolliens (n. 17) will go with E. mollis into a new genus. E. saturata (n. 45) appears to be a Burgena; but I have failed to discover the type. E.? cegoceroides is identical with ~]fetagarlsta trans¢ens of Walker; and E.? sabulosa is a new species of the same genus. 1. Eusemia sillletensis~ n. sp. ?. Closely allied to the Nepalese E. victrix~ but with the central pale yellow band of primaries more transverse~ the two patches of which it is formed being placed exactly below one another; one discal subcostal white spot (sometimes obsolete) instead of three in a transverse series ; blue marginal area of secondaries considerably broader ; differences below much as above. Expanse of wings 3 inches 4 lines. Silhet (Doubleday & Argent). Two speeimens~ B.M. 2. Eusemia orientalis~ n. sp.

Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 2. Nearly allied to E. vlctrlx, much smaller; the central pale yellow band of primaries more irregular ; the diseal white spots united into a quadrifid white bar; secondaries with the marginal blue area more purple in tint and much narrower: wings below purplish brown~ the margins bluish; primaries with markings as above; secondaries with a diffused subapical orange spot. Expanse of wings 2 inches 6 lines. Mussoorec (Leadbeater). Typ% B.M. 140 Mr. A. G. Butler o~ ,~ew SpecZes of Agaristidm. We have a male and two females of the E. victrlx of West- wood~ all from Nepal; and as they agree entirely in pattern, I do not doubt that the two species described above from dif- ferent localities are distinct. 3. Eusemga nlgrijoenn~s, n. sp. Like E. adulatrix, but with the upper division of the central yellow band of primaries narrower~ and the lowermost division much broader; the postcellular yellow spots larger; the discal series of white spots reduced to minute points, and the orange subanal patch of secondaries reduced to a squamose dot. Expanse of wings 3 inches 2 lines. Ceylon (Templeton). Type, B.M. We have E. adu~atrix from Nepal and N. Indi% and the nearly allied E. bellatrix from N. Bengal and )/[oulmein. 4. Euse mia n~alensis, n. sp. (~. Nearly allied to 1~. maculatr~x of Silhet, but smaller, and differing in tile larger and more angular four central yellow spots of primaries, the brilliant orange (instead of dull deep-red) secondaries, and the bright orange abdomen with narrower transverse black bars : differences below as above. ]Expanse of wings 2 inches 10 lines. Nepal (Ramsay &c.). Type, B.M. This beautiful species is certainly distinct. 5. Eusemia distinct% n. sp. Allied to the preceding,.. but differs in having the two inner yellow spots of primaries nan'ower and almost touching~ and the two outer spots white instead of yellow. Expanse of wings 3 inches. Silhet (Doubleday). Typ% B.M. Intermediate between ]~. niTalenMs and E. grenea of Bois- ducal : all three, as well as several examples of E. vetul% two of E. communicans, and the following species, were united

Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 with E. maculatrix by Mr, Walker. 6..F/usemla communls~ n. sp. Pt. XIII. fig. 1. Allied to ]~. communlcans (which is closely allied to the Bornean E. fasclatrix)~ but with the inner white (sometimes ochreous) bar always irregular, and almost invariably more or less interrupted e ; the outer white or ochreous bar dislocated, * The examples with ochreous or ochre-tinted band generally have it broken up into two small spots. Mr. A. G. Butler o,~ ~,~ S2ecies of Agaristidm. 141 very narrow~ often interrupted, sometimes almost linear; the discal series of white decreasing spots well marked: secondaries reddish ochreous, similar to E. commun~cans; thorax black ; head and tegulm spotted with white ; abdomen bright ochre-yellow, banded with black. Expanse of wings 2 inches 10 lines to 3 inches. Silhet (Sowerby & Stainsforth). Type, B.M. We have eight examples of this species; although rather variable as regards the transverse bands of primaries, they are all so similar that I have no doubt they represent but one species. 7. Eusemla villlcoides, n. sp. P1. XIII. fig. 2. Allied to E. vetula~ but with the sulphur-yellow spots of primaries enormously enlarged, the three on basal area uniting into one patch, enclosin4" two black spots (the upper one rounded within cell, the lower irregular, sometimes uniting with the black at base); the discal yellow spots placed one above the other and subquadrate ; submarginal spots as usual, the one at anal angle rather larger ; base streaked with plumbaginous, an irregular discal line of the same colour: secondaries orange instead of red; the internal fasciole broken up into two rounded black spots; two large subapical yellow spots upon the black margin : thorax broad and black, ptery- godes sulphur-yellow: abdomen orange, transversely barred with grey: wings below paler than above, the yellow spots still larger, so that almost the entire basal half of primaiies is pale yellow; secondaries with fbur elongated apical and two small submarginal pale yellow spots. Expanse of wings 2 inches 6 lines. Hakodadi (Whitely). Two specimens, B.M.

8. Eusemla superba, n. sp. P1. XIII. fig. 3. Allied to E. euphemla, much larger. Primaries with four white dots at the base of costa; two ochreous dots at base of cell ; a small ochreous spot and a plumbaginous dot at base of Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 interno-median interspace, and an ochreous interno-basal dot; four large ochreous spots on basal are% one just before middle of cell, a second, larger, at end of cell, a third, elongated, oblique, crossing the middle of the internal nervure, a fourth, subquadxate, below base of first median branch ; an ochreous spot at external angle; a large, ochreous subapical blotch ; several plumbaginous streaks between the ochreous spots; secondaries as in E. eupltemla : thorax black, spotted in front with white : abdomen orange, banded with black : mate with 142 Mr. A. G. Butler on new Species of Agaristid~e. a black anal tuft: primaries below black; a white subcosta litura at base ; a large oehreous spot near base of cell ; a broad internal testaceous streak; an irregular transverse ochreous band; subanal spot and subapical spot as above: secondaries as above: body black~ sl~otted with white; legs black, varied with orang% and dotted with white. Expanse of wings 3 inches 2 lines. d, Zoolu (Angas) ; ~ ~ Natal (Gueinzlus). Typ% B.M. The above is the E. eu2hemia ~ vat. $~ of Walker's ~List.' It and the two following may be at once distinguished from E. eujohem(a (irrespective of other characters) by the white- spotted prothorax; in E. euThemia the prothorax is orang% longitudinally streaked with black.

9. Eusemga africana, n. sp. Nearly allied to E. euThemia ~ from which it may be at once distinguished by the single large central ochreous spot on basal area, extending from the costal to the submedian nervur% and the white-spotted prothorax. Expanse of wings 2 inches 8 lines. (~, D'Urban~ Feb. 1867 (Trimen) ; ~ ? ,Natal (Gueinzius & Gooch) ; c~, Zoolu (Angas). Typ% B.M. The example from Zoolu is rather smaller than the Natal form. This species is the E. euThemi % vat. % of Walker's List,' and is the southern representative of that species, which we have from the coast of Guinea~ Ashanti~ and the White Nile. 10. Eusemla ochracea, n. sp. ?. Allied to E. euThemia ~ but smaller; the wings shorter; the subbasal spots of primaries broader; the subapical elongated spot rather nearer to the apex~ and not notched internally; the secondaries bright ochreous~ with the usual black border; the prothorax dotted with white. Expanse of wings 2 inches 2 lines. Congo (Richardson). Type~ B.H. Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 I have seen the male of this species in Mr. Stretch's collection ; it is the E. euThemia , var. e, of Walker's t List.'

11. Eusemia trlcolor~ n. sp. 9. Allied to E. hespqroldes: wings above dark brown; primaries with a central~ obliqu% creamy-whitish band~ taper- ing from the subeostal nervure near end of cell to near the external angl% diffused internally from the median nervure Mr. A. G. Butler on new •pecies of Agaristid,'c. 143 downwards, and slightly interrupted by the first and second branches; apical fringe white; secondaries with a broad tawny patch extending from the middle of the internal margin to the subcostal nervure, where it terminates in an obtuse point: thorax dark brown; a pale yellow fringe on the anterior margin of the collar: abdomen orange (much rubbed in the type); apical fringe white: wings below nearly as above; body below dull ochreous. Expanse of wings 2 inches 10 lines. Sarawak (Wallace). Typ% B.M. Possibly the female of E. hesperolcles ; but the latter species has the central band of primaries shorter, broader, not diffused or interrupted; the tawny orange patch in secondaries only extended to the origin of third median branch; the collar ochreous; the underside of the wings shot with purple and green ; the body, costa of primaries~ and a broad central diffused band bright orange.

12. EusemiaTulc£ra , n. sp. P1. XIII. fig. 4. ?. Primaries above black; a broad oblique stramineous band from middle of costa to near external angle ; apical fringe white; secondaries deep reddish tawny, with the base and a broad external border black; fringe white: thorax .black; front of collar white: abdomen orange-tawny: primaries below dull black, shot with blue ; veins brown ; central band broader than above, creamy white ; apical fringe white : secondaries rather paler than above; base and outer margin shot with green and crossed by brown nervures : body ochreous. Expanse of wings 2 inches 9 lines. Muhrut~ India (F. Walker). Type, B.M. This species was presented to the Collection by the Rev. F. Walker. 13. Eusemia vittata~ n. sp. Allied to E. Belanqerii and E. MooreL l~rimaries dark brown ; a small elongate spot just below median nervure at Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 basal fourth of wing~ and a broad~ rather irregular, postmedian oblique band from costal nervure to near external angle, sulphur-yellow; cell transversely streaked with plumbaginous ; a transverse series of six plumbaginous spots just beyond the yellow band : secondaries salmon-colour ; costal area brown ; a central subcostal spot~ touching the costal arc% and a deeply excavated broad marginal border dark brown: thorax dark brown ; antcnnm silvery whitish ; abdomen ochreous~ barred with black : wings below paler than above ; primaries without 144 Mr. A. W. E. O'Shaughnessy on plumbaginous spots or streaks, the small yellow spot replaced by a pale brown one; interne-basal area pale silky brown ; secondaries orang% with a broad irregular costal and external brown border: thorax brown; abdomen oehreous, narrowly transversely barred with black. Expanse of wings 2 inches 2 lines. Java (Horsfleld). Type, B.M. At once distinguished from its allies by the phmbaginous markings and yellow dot on primaries~ and the subcostal brown spot of secondaries.

Family Cocytii&e. ( Cocytides, Boisd.) Genus COCYTIA, Boisd. 1. Cocytia c]dorosoma~ n. sp. ~. Nearly aIlied to C. Durvillei (~) but smaller~ shorter in the wing, with the palpi slightly shorter, antennae and legs more slender, the black margins of the wings considerably narrower~ the internervular folds much less strongly blackened) the orange spot at base of primaries about one fourth the size ; a small yellow tuft above the anus. Expanse of wings 3 inches 1 line. Aru (V~allace). Type, B.M. I have no doubt that this is a distinct species•

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIII. .Fig. 1. E~sernla communis (s~)otted ochre-tinted form), p• 140. n. 6• Fig. '2. villicoides,p. 141. n. 7. g. 3. superba,p. 141. n. 8• • 4. ----pulchra, p. 143. n. 12.

Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015 XIX.--Descrlpt'gons of new Species of Gobiidae in the Collection of the Br(tish ~Iuseum• By A. W• E. O'SHAuGHNESSr, Assistant in the Natural-History Departments.

Gob~us Burton(, sp. n. D. 6~. A.~. L. lat. 38. The height of the body is one seventh of the total length ; the lengfll of the head is comprised four times and a half in the same. Head flattened~ broader than high ; snout slightly Downloaded by [University of Auckland Library] at 14:45 03 May 2015