NOSTALGIA MINIATURES Printed and published by the PRESS PROMOTIONS DIVISION OF STEAM LOCOMOTIVES PRESCOTT-PICKUP & Co. LTD. BRIDGNORTH, SALOP, WV15 5JD, ENGLAND. bv whom all rights are reserved. ©IDEA, DESIGN, WORLD COPYRIGHT. L Biiill in 1829 by Robert Stephenson ;ind Company, antj winner of the Origins of steam lamous Rainhill trials in the same COLLECTORS' MINIATURES year, the suceess ol' this engine is generally considered to have been the most important single event in From early times man has sought to develop James Watt, Richard Trevithick and others, railway history. The introduction of self-propelled, or mechanically propelled built improved stationary engines to provide the multiple firelubc boiler, and the increased rate of combustion of the vehicles. The notes of mediaeval inventors power for the mines and factories. ILICI achieved by passing the exhaust tell of their cars driven by wind and hand, steam through a narrowing tube Ithe blastpipe) to the smokebox, to followed by brief mentions of the model In 1804 Trevithick successfully converted produce a forced draught through steam-cars of the Jesuit Father Verbiest one of his stationary engines into the first the boiler tubes, assisted in the rapid in 1668, and of Papin of Cassel in 1698. railway locomotive, to haul wagons between raising of steam and increased loco• motive speeds, at a single stroke, Merthyr Tydfil and Abercynon. In 1808 he from the pace ofa cart horse to more constructed 'Catch me who can' which he than .^0 m.p.h. Weiglit 4 25 tons. The first full-sized vehicle to move itself LIVERPOOL a I^ANCHESTER RAILWAY, •ROCKET" 0-2-2 LOCOMOTIVE. 1829 by steam was made by Nicholas James operated on a circular track in London, Cugnot in Paris in 1769. It performed before hauling wagons in which the public was a group of notables including General invited to ride - literally the first Gribeauval (First Inspector-General of passenger steam railway. Unfortunately Artillery) and orders were given for another both locomotives were too heavy for the Developed from George Stephenson's machine to be built, to carry cannon. Both type of rails then in use. locomotives built for work on the Killingworth Colliery lines, this was COLLECTORS MINIATURES machines however were unstable and crude the lirst steam engine to be used on in construction, and therefore unsuitable The first practically successful railway a public railway, being in service for practical use. The 1769 engine now at the opening of the Stockton and locomotive was J. Blenkinsop's rack Darlington on the 27th September, reposes in the Conservatoire des Arts locomotive of 1812; it ran on strong cast- 1825. The design is typical of the et Metiers. primitive locomotives which ran on iron edge rails and adhesion was secured by mineral lines before the arrival of the rack. Then, in 1813, came W. Medley's the multitubular boiler and other innovations introduced- with By 1784 James \tett's ingenious foreman, 'Puffing Billy' - the earliest surviving ••Rocket", and a notable feature is William Murdock, rad built a model steam- full-size locomotive in the world - built at the construction of the wheels, car of fair size which was running along the Wylam Colliery and used over a five-mile consisting of a number of iron castings dowelled together. Weighing roads of Redruth in Cornwall, and in 1786 stretch of track between Wylam and the 7 tons, with a boiler pressure of Watt himself was experimenting with a 50 lb,, the engine is now preserved staithes at Lemington - on-Tyne. 'Puffing STOCKTON a DARLINGTON RAILWAY. ••LOCOMOTION" 0-4-0 LOCO, 1825 substantial steam-carriage. A steam coach Billy' can now be seen at the Science at Darlington, was designed by William Symington and Museum, London, which acquired it in 1862 exhibited at Edinburgh in the same year, and after nearly fifty year's continuous service. in 1789 Thomas Allen, of London, designed a steam-carriage for passengers and goods. George Stephenson built his first locomotive in 1814 (design unknown) and in 1815 he Designed by John Rainsbottom, sixty engines of this class were built at made the first of his 'Killingworth' engines. Crewe between 1859 and 1865. COLLECTORS' MINIATURES Richard Trevithick was born at lllogan, intended for the Irish Mail trallic in Cornwall, and later resided close by between London and Holyhead, In 1823 the firm of Robert Stephenson and They were light and compact IRams- Murdock's house at Redruth. James Watt bottom did not favour large engines) Company was formed mainly for the purpose lived nearby too, and is recorded as saying and they were the lirst locomotives that Trevithick deserved hanging for of building locomotives and Robert in Ihe world to be fitted with Stephenson took over from his father the apparatus for picking up water at inventing the high-pressure steam engine speed. As a consequence, one of (allegedly because he regarded high- main responsibility for engine development. these engines, "Watt" (No, 229). Among its earliest products was achieved what was then a record pressure steam as dangerous: but no doubt non-stop run of 104 miles from 'Locomotion', built in 1825 for the Stockton the fact that his fortunes were tied up in Holyhead to Crewe, drawing a special low-pressure patents had some relevance). and Darlington Railway - the first carrying despatches concerning the locomotive for a public railway, with outside Trent dispute between Britain and Trevithick is reported to have fought a duel the U,S,A„ in 1862, coupling rods. It was at first doubtful with Murdock after building, in 1796, a LONDON & NORTH WESTERN RAILWAY, 2-2-2 •LADY OF THE LAKE". three-wheeled model road engine with a however whether steam could compete vertical cylinder, not unlike Murdock's. economically with horse traction on the Darlington Railway, until Timothy Hackworth's powerful six-coupled engine In 1801 Trevithick, in collaboration with his 'Royal George', built in 1827, successfully Designed by S. W. Jtilmson in ml. cousin Andrew Vivian, built a full-sized these locomotives are remarkable in established the superiority of steam. that they revert to an earlier (by then COLLECTORS' MINIATURES steam carriage at Camborne, to which place obsolete) "single wheeler" arrange• he had moved, and in 1803 a second engine ment. The revival was made possible The Stephenson locomotive was now being by the invention of steam sanding was sent to London and fitted with a developed rapidly and experimentally, and gear which, by sanding the rails, barouche-type body by Felton of Leather allowed the drivers to get a belter the success of the 'Rocket' at the Rainhill grip. With a single pair of driving Lane. This second carriage ran in public Trials, held in October 1829, was perhaps wheels of 7 ft. 9! in, diameter, the for some time at what is now Lord's Cricket the most important single event in railway advantages were simplicity of con• struction and high speed perform• Ground and also at Euston Square. histroy. ance. Speeds of up to 90 ni,p,h, It should be noted that what may be The 'Rocket' and other Stephenson were recorded by Ibeoinolives of this considered as the first successful class, of which 95 were built between locomotives later hauled passengers and 1887 and 1900, in five variations each application of steam to provide power had freight on the Liverpool and Manchester larger than its predecessor. Pressure been developed as early as 1712, when 180 lb. Railway, which can be considered to have MIDLAND RAILWAY. A 2-2 EXPRESS PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE NO. 21, Newcomen designed and operated his provided the first really regular stationary beam engine. Subsequently passenger service. Seveniy-four engines of this genera! Somerset and Dorset engines Nos. design were built to specifications 77 and 78 were rebuilt with Belpaire COLLECTORS' MINIATURES drawn up by Matthew Kirtley. fireboxes in 1921. Both were trans• COLLECTORS- MINIATURES Nos. 130-35 were supplied by Robert ferred to L.M.S. stock on the 1st Stephenson and Company in 1852; January, 1930, when they were Nos. 120-29 by Sharp, Stewart and renumbered 320 and 321. With• Company in 1853. and subsequent drawn from service in 1931, for a batches were built at Derby. No. 33 time No. 320 continued to run in was built at Derby as No. 141 in Somerset and Dorset blue Itvcry but 1857. She was rebuilt by S. W. with L.M.S. lettering and numbers. Johnson in 1880 with new, heavy Locomotives of this class weighed plate frames and renumbered the 47 tons 8 cwt., with cylinders 18 in. x following year, when she was put 26 in, and boiler pressure 175 lb, lo working the Directors' saloon. developing 15,795 lb. tractive cfTort. Weighing 1%\, with driving wheelsof6ft. Sin. diameter and 16-1 They were a later development of S. W. Johnson's 4-^0 design of in. X 22 in. cylinders, she developed 1876, as rebuilt by R. M. Decley a pressure of !40 !b. per sq. in. MIDLAND RAILWAY. 1-1-1 EXPRESS PASSENGER LOCO. NO. 33. REBUILT 1 between 1903 and 1910, with larger boilers. LONDON. MIDLAND ft SCOTTISH RLY, CLASS I? 4-4 0 NO, 320. REBUILT 1921 Derived from William Smith's patent The first fifty engines of this class locomotive of 1898, built for the (Nos. 6100-49) were built in 1927 COLLECTORS' MINIATURES North Eastern Railway, the Midland by the North British Locomotive compounds were designed by S. W. Company, in Glasgow. Twenty more Johnson in 1902. In all, 240 were (Nos. 6150-69) were built at Derby built (195 by the LM.S. after the in 1930.