How Did George Stephenson Change Lives?

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How did George Stephenson change lives? Timeline 1812 1825 1829 1850 1863 1863 1879 1912 1938 1964 Invention of The first George Luxury steam ‘The flying The The first First diesel Mallard The first high trains with soft the steam railroad opens Stephenson Scotsman’ Metropolitan electric locomotive train speed trains train in Britain seats, sleeping had its first is opened as train runs in invented run in Japan. invents ‘The and dining journey. the first presented Switzerland ‘The bullet Rocket’ underground in Berlin train railway (Germany) invented’ Key Vocabulary Famous figures The Flying diesel These locomotives burn diesel as fuel and Scotsman is a were far more powerful than previous George Stephenson (1781-1848) steam train that steam locomotives. He worked on the development of ran from Edinburgh electric Powered from electricity which they collect to London. railway tracks and bridge building from overhead cables. and also designed the ‘Rocket’ high-speed Initially produced in Japan but now which won the Rainhill Trials in international, these trains are really fast. The Mallard holds 1829. It was the fastest steam locomotive Engines which provide the power to pull a the record for the locomotive of its time, reaching 30 whole train made up of carriages or fastest steam train miles an hour. Some people were wagons. Rainhill The Liverpool and Manchester railway at 126 mph. scared of the train as they felt it Trials competition to find the best locomotive, could be dangerous to go so fast! won by Stephenson’s Rocket. steam Powered by burning coal. Steam was fed The Bullet is a into cylinders to move long rods (pistons) Japanese high The Rocket and make the wheels turn. speed train. It railway The track where the train runs. is electric and passenger A traveller on the transport. can travel 200 mph. .

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The Rainhill Trials Worksheet (Version 2)
The Rainhill Trials Worksheet (Version 2) In 1829 the building of the Liverpool to Manchester railway was nearly complete. The owners of the new railway were unsure which type of train should run on the new train line. They created a competition to help them decide which was the most suitable and fastest train. The winning train would not only be chosen to run on the line, but it would also win £500 prize money. The competition at Rainhill took nine days to complete and over 10,000 people turned up to watch. Rather than travel the whole distance from Liverpool to Manchester, each train was required to travel back and forth along a much shorter 1 mile track. This was to re-create the total 30-mile distance between the two cities. Five trains took part in the Rainhill Trails. They were: The Novelty, The Perseverance, The Sans-Pareil, The Cycloped and The Rocket. Four of the five were machines that were powered by steam. They all had small coal fires on them that would heat water. The steam from the water would be fed into cylinders, the force of the steam would push metal pistons around which in turn would make the wheels turn. The Cycloped was the strangest of all the completion entries and was operated not by steam, but by a horse. The horse ran on a conveyor belt, like a treadmill in a gym. This movement pulled the train wheels along the track. The winner of the completion was of course The Rocket. It covered the 30 miles of track in 3 hours.
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The 1825 Stockton & Darlington Railway
The 1825 S&DR: Preparing for 2025; Significance & Management. The 1825 Stockton & Darlington Railway: Historic Environment Audit Volume 1: Significance & Management October 2016 Archaeo-Environment for Durham County Council, Darlington Borough Council and Stockton on Tees Borough Council. Archaeo-Environment Ltd for Durham County Council, Darlington Borough Council and Stockton Borough Council 1 The 1825 S&DR: Preparing for 2025; Significance & Management. Executive Summary The ‘greatest idea of modern times’ (Jeans 1974, 74). This report arises from a project jointly commissioned by the three local authorities of Darlington Borough Council, Durham County Council and Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council which have within their boundaries the remains of the Stockton & Darlington Railway (S&DR) which was formally opened on the 27th September 1825. The report identifies why the S&DR was important in the history of railways and sets out its significance and unique selling point. This builds upon the work already undertaken as part of the Friends of Stockton and Darlington Railway Conference in June 2015 and in particular the paper given by Andy Guy on the significance of the 1825 S&DR line (Guy 2015). This report provides an action plan and makes recommendations for the conservation, interpretation and management of this world class heritage so that it can take centre stage in a programme of heritage led economic and social regeneration by 2025 and the bicentenary of the opening of the line. More specifically, the brief for this Heritage Trackbed Audit comprised a number of distinct outputs and the results are summarised as follows: A. Identify why the S&DR was important in the history of railways and clearly articulate its significance and unique selling point.
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George Stephenson Fact File
George Stephenson Fact File • George Stephenson was born in 1781 near Newcastle-upon-Tyne. • His dad worked at a coal mine and looked after the steam engines that were used to pump water out of the mine. He taught George about these machines and when George was 14 he went to work down the mines himself. He would play about with the machines to learn more about how they worked. • In 1814, George designed his first steam locomotive for the railways for Killingworth Colliery near Newcastle. The loco was a success and George was asked to work on other railways being built. • In 1825 a new railway was opened between Stockton and Darlington. George and his men built the track and the locomotive for this railway. It later became the first steam loco to carry passengers in the world! • But the steam loco George is probably most famous for is the Rocket... - In 1829 a new railway was planned to run between Liverpool and Manchester. - George competed against two other engineers to find the best locomotive to run on the railway and pull heavy loads of materials over long distances. With his son, Robert, he built the ‘Rocket’. This travelled faster than all the other trains at 36mph. - The opening of this railway line and the success of the rocket led to many more railway lines and steam locomotives being built across the country. Richard Trevithick Fact File • In 1803 Trevithick began to build the first steam locomotive in Britain to run on rails. • He had been asked by the boss of an ironworks company in South Wales to build a steam loco to run on rails from the ironworks (a place where iron a strong metal is used to make things) to the local canal.
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Hackworth Family Archive
Hackworth Family Archive A cataloguing project made possible by the National Cataloguing Grants Programme for Archives Science Museum Group 1 Description of Entire Archive: HACK (fonds level description) Title Hackworth Family Archive Fonds reference code GB 0756 HACK Dates 1810’s-1980’s Extent & Medium of the unit of the 1036 letters with accompanying letters and associated documents, 151 pieces of printed material and printed images, unit of description 13 volumes, 6 drawings, 4 large items Name of creator s Hackworth Family Administrative/Biographical Hackworth, Timothy (b 1786 – d 1850), Railway Engineer was an early railway pioneer who worked for the Stockton History and Darlington Railway Company and had his own engineering works Soho Works, in Shildon, County Durham. He married and had eight children and was a converted Wesleyan Methodist. He manufactured and designed locomotives and other engines and worked with other significant railway individuals of the time, for example George and Robert Stephenson. He was responsible for manufacturing the first locomotive for Russia and British North America. It has been debated historically up to the present day whether Hackworth gained enough recognition for his work. Proponents of Hackworth have suggested that he invented of the ‘blast pipe’ which led to the success of locomotives over other forms of rail transport. His sons other relatives went on to be engineers. His eldest son, John Wesley Hackworth did a lot of work to promote his fathers memory after he died. His daughters, friends, grandchildren, great-grandchildren and ancestors to this day have worked to try and gain him a prominent place in railway history.
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Locomotive: a Powered Railway Vehicle Used for Pulling Trains. The
Lesson 1: What were the Rainhill trials? Vocabulary- Locomotive: a powered railway vehicle used for pulling trains. The meanings of words in bold can be found in the glossary below. In 1829, when the Liverpool and Manchester Railway was approaching completion, the directors ran a competition find the best way of pulling the carriages. Locomotives that were entered were to be subjected to a variety of tests and conditions. Several tests of speed, strength, and efficiency were run over a period of days to see which locomotive would best suit the railway. A prize of £500 (worth over £11,000 today) would also be awarded to the entry chosen. Have a look at the competitors. Who do you think won and who do you think lost? Which do you think was the fastest? Which was the most efficient? (used less fuel) Which ones do you think broke? Disclaimer: The real trains were not made from Lego as this happened over 100 years before Lego was invented. Activity: Read what happened to each of the locomotives (on the next page) and then either write a diary, draw a picture of make a model of what happened that day. Cycloped was the only entry of the five that ran that did not use steam power. It instead relied on a horse-powered drive belt. Built by one of the railway's former directors, people believed it would have an unfair advantage. Cycloped was disqualified for not meeting the contest's rules. Perseverance was the second entry to drop out. It was damaged en route to the site of the trials, and its builder spent five days repairing it.
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Stephensons Track
Exploring Hadrian’s Way Based upon the 2000 Ordnance Survey map A69 with permission of the Controller of H.M.S.O N Crown Copyright Reserved LA 076244 S S B6528 A P HEDDON-ON - THE-WALL Y Throckley B Stephenson’s Track N R E Walbottle T S E TYNE W A 1 RIVERSIDE 69 A COUNTRY PARK Up to 8 miles / 12km Ideal for cycling and walking Newburn ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı for all the family ı ı ı ı ı ı ı A60 ı ı ı ı ı 85 ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı Wylam ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı Ryton ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı B6 ı 317 ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ııı ı ı ı ı ı ı ııı ı ı A695 ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı ı Blaydon ı ı ı ı Location of walk METRO ı CENTRE ı ı ı ı ı This 4 miles / 6 km walk/cycleway Contact details: links the Tyne Riverside Country Park at Newburn with Wylam.
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The Evolution of Permanent
TECHNICAL ARTICLE AS PUBLISHED IN The Journal January 2018 Volume 136 Part 1 If you would like to reproduce this article, please contact: Alison Stansfield MARKETING DIRECTOR Permanent Way Institution [email protected] PLEASE NOTE THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED IN THIS JOURNAL ARE NOT NECESSARILY THOSE OF THE EDITOR OR OF THE INSTITUTION AS A BODY. TECHNICAL The evolution of AUTHOR: Charles E. Lee permanent way Associate Fellow PWI PAPER READ TO THE PERMANENT WAY INSTITUTION, LONDON, ON MONDAY MARCH 8TH 1937. PART 5 This seems to be the period that the word renewed. This was done on a new plan; and it railway came into use on Tyneside. The “Term is now acknowledged to be the most complete This is the fifth and final part of this Reports” for 1798 give details of an appeal in Britain. The sleepers are very broad, and fascinating paper. I have not edited this against a poor rate assessed on “a piece or only 18 in. from centre to centre. A rail of paper due to its historical nature. parcel ground called a wagon-way situate at foreign fir, 4 in. Square, is pinned down to Wallsend and leading from a colliery there to them and another rail, of the same dimensions, Returning to the main channel of development, the River Tyne.” In this report is the following is laid over it, and the whole well beat up in we find that, after the introduction of cast-iron statement: “The appellants . made and laid good clay; on the top of the upper rail is laid facings on wagon-ways, the next step was to a wagon-way in, through, and over .
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The Railway Revolution
Transactions – October 2019 North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers Founded 1852 Royal Charter 1876 The Railway Revolution Les Turnbull BA MEd MNEIMME A joint lecture between NEIMME and the Stephenson Locomotive Society Les Turnbull is a modern historian who has worked as a schoolmaster, university lecturer and senior educational advisor. He has served as a volunteer and trustee at the Institute over the last two decades and is the author of several books on mining history. His latest book ‘The Railway Revolution’[1] has made a study of the transfer from road to rail transport in the seventeenth century which was the first railway revolution. Drawing primarily upon sources from the archives of the Institute and those of the Duke of Northumberland, he argues for a new interpretation of railway history and demonstrates that the first railway revolution occurred many years before the George and Robert Stephenson came on the scene; thereby revaluating what is usually regarded as the railway revolution of early Victorian times as in fact the second revolution. Copies of the book can be obtained from the Institute bookshop at: mininginstitute.org.uk The opening of the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1825, followed by the building of the first inter-city railways between Liverpool and Manchester and London and Birmingham, earned George Stephenson the title of ‘father of the railways’. These events formed the basis of the traditional view that the railway revolution occurred in the mid nineteenth century which is embodied in the national curriculum of our schools and the national psyche of the country at large.
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So It Begins…
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R O B E Rt S Te P H E N S O N • L O C O M O Tiv
ROBERT STEPHENSON ROBERT STEPHENSON’S LOCOMOTIVES HOW DOES A STEAM LOCOMOTIVE WORK? The diagram below shows the inside of an 1840’s locomotive. Dome Boiler Tubes Chimney Blast Pipe Boiler Steam Pipe Piston Firebox Piston Rod Burning coal in the fi rebox heats air in the boiler tubes which boil water in the boiler. This makes steam, which collects in the dome. The driver then opens a valve to let steam pass through the steam pipe and push the pistons backwards and forwards. The pistons are connected to the driving wheels by piston rods, which make the wheels turn. Pistons also push exhaust steam up the blast pipe and out of the chimney. This also draws hot air from the fi rebox and helps the fi re to burn. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOCOMOTIVE From his childhood Robert Stephenson had been interested in locomotive design. He was encouraged both by his father, George, and by Richard Robert Stephenson • Locomotives Trevithick, the designer of the fi rst locomotive. As a child he used to help his father with his work on the low-pressure steam engines in the mines. Robert’s aim was to develop Trevithick’s earlier ideas and to construct engines which would create a fast, smooth running network of railways to move passengers and goods. Between 1828 and 1830 Robert kept redesigning and improving his locomotives. Each new design was a link in the chain of locomotive development and improvement. When designing the “Lancashire Witch” in 1828 Robert Stephenson made his fi rst great improvement by placing the two cylinders outside the locomotive in an inclined position at the back of the engine where they were attached to the boiler at an angle of 39 degrees by a long bracket.
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Key Innovations of the Industrial Revolution
Key Innovations of the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution was a time characterized by the wide scale introduction of machinery, the transformation of cities and significant technological developments in a wide range of areas. Many modern mechanisms have their origins from this period. Here are eight key inventions of the Industrial Revolution. 1. Spinning Jenny The spinning jenny was invented in 1764 by James Hargreaves. Able to be operated by unskilled workers, it was a key development in the industrialization of weaving, as it could spin many spindles of thread at a time. Combined with other innovations like the flying shuttle and power loom, textiles could be produced in factories rather than at home with much greater speed, efficiency, and profit. 2. Watt’s Steam Engine During the latter half of the eighteenth century, Scottish engineer James Watt sought to improve on an earlier version of a steam engine that was used primarily to pump water out from mines so that miners could dig for coal further down. Watt’s steam engine was similar to the original design, but it required less fuel to run making it more attractive to potential buyers. Brought to market in 1778, it became the main source of power for a large variety of British industries. His invention turned heat from burning coal into movement through a series of valves and gears. The steam engine was used in manufacturing to run machines at great speeds for long periods of time so work could be performed on large scales, almost year-round, with vastly higher efficiency.
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Names in Multi-Lingual
Richard Coates, England 209 A Natural History of Proper Naming in the Context of Emerging Mass Production: The Case of British Railway Locomotives before 1846 Richard Coates England Abstract The early history of railway locomotives in Britain is marked by two striking facts. The first is that many were given proper names, even where there was no objective need to distinguish them in such a way. The second is that those names tended strongly to suggest essential attributes of the machines themselves, sometimes real as in the case of Puffing Billy, or metaphorical or mythologized as in the cases of Rocket and Vulcan. However when, before long, locomotives came to be produced to standard types, namegiving remained the norm for at least some types but the names themselves tended to be typed, and naturally in a less constrained way than earlier ones. The later onymic types veered sharply away from being literally or metaphorically descriptive. The sources of these second-order onymic types are of some interest, both culturally and anthropologically, and some types tended to be of very long currency in Britain. This paper explores the early history of namegiving in an underexplored area, and proposes a general model for the evolution of name-bestowal practices. *** In this paper, I offer an analysis of the names given to steam railway locomotives in Britain between the creation of the first such machine in 1803–4 and the year 1846, chosen semi- arbitrarily as the cut-off date because of the introduction in 1845–6 of the innovative engines designed by Thomas Crampton.
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