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Información Para La Prensa Argelia

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Información Para La Prensa Argelia Información para la prensa Argelia Indonesia Irán Iraq Kuwait Libia Nigeria Qatar Arabia Saudita Emiratos Árabes Unidos República Bolivariana de Venezuela Estructura de la Organización I Fundación El primer movimiento hacia el establecimiento de la Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo tuvo lugar en 1949, cuando Venezuela se acercó a Irán, Irak, Kuwait y Arabia Saudita y les sugirió intercambiar puntos de vista y explorar posibilidades para entablar comunicación regular entre ellos. La necesidad de cooperación más cercana se hizo más aparente cuando, en 1959, las compañías petroleras unilateralmente redujeron el precio del crudo venezolano en 5 centavos de dólar y en 25 centavos de dólar por barril, y el del Medio Oriente en 18 centavos de dólar por barril. Como resultado, el primer Congreso Árabe Petrolero que se llevó a cabo en El Cairo adoptó una resolución invitando a las compañías petroleras a consultar con los gobiernos de los países productores antes de tomar unilateralmente cualquier decisión sobre los precios del petróleo, así como también para erigir el acuerdo general del establecimiento de una “Comisión de Consulta Petrolera”. En agosto de 1960 las compañías petroleras redujeron los precios del petróleo entre 10 y 14 centavos de dólar por barril. Al siguiente mes el gobierno de Irak invitó a Irán, Kuwait, Arabia Saudita y Venezuela a reunirse en Bagdad para discutir la reducción de precios del crudo producido por sus respectivos países. Como resultado, a partir del 10-14 de septiembre de 1960 se sostuvo una conferencia en Bagdad a la cual asistieron representantes de los gobiernos de Irán, Irak, Kuwait, Arabia Saudí y Venezuela. Fue esta Primera Conferencia en la que se estableció la OPEP como una organización intergubernamental permanente. II Ubicación En la Segunda Conferencia se tomó la decisión de ubicar a la Secretaría de la OPEP en Ginebra, Suiza, lugar acordado para la primera reunión en mayo de 1961. En abril de 1965 la conferencia decidió mudar su sede a Viena, Austria. Las negociaciones con el gobierno austriaco fueron exitosas y se firmó un tratado para hacer de Austria el anfitrión de las reuniones con el para entonces Primer Ministro, el fallecido Dr. Bruno Kreisky y el Secretario General de la OPEP para el momento, el Señor Ashraf Lutfi, el primero de septiembre de 1965. Inicialmente, la sede de la OPEP en Viena fue ubicada en dos edificios pequeños. Los mismos fueron transferidos posteriormente a Dr. Kart Lueger Ring 10, antes de mudarse en marzo de 1977 a las actuales instalaciones del Secretariado en Obere Donaustrasse 93 a lo largo del canal del Danubio en el segundo Distrito de Viena. III Principales Objetivos y Membresía Principales Objetivos: Los objetivos principales de la OPEP son la coordinación y unificación de las políticas petroleras de sus países miembros, así como la determinación de los mejores medios para salvaguardar sus intereses, individuales y colectivos. La organización también busca concebir formas y medidas para asegurar la estabilización de los precios en los mercados internacionales, todo con miras a eliminar fluctuaciones perjudiciales e innecesarias, a pesar de estar entregada en todo momento a los intereses de las naciones productoras y a la necesidad de asegurar un ingreso estable para las mismas; un suministro de petróleo regular, económico y eficiente para las naciones consumidoras; y un retorno justo del capital para aquellos que invierten en la industria del petróleo. En junio de 1968 fue adoptada una “Declaración de las Políticas Petroleras de los Países Miembros”, incluida en la Resolución Nº XVI 90. Dicha declaración invitaba a los países miembros a emprender y a hacer viable la exploración directa para el desarrollo de los recursos de los hidrocarburos; a buscar participación en la equidad de las concesiones existentes; y la renuncia progresiva y acelerada de hectáreas de áreas presentes bajo contrato; establecer reglas de conservación a ser acatadas por las compañías de petróleo operantes; y a determinar los precios publicados o referenciales para el gobierno con el fin de prevenir el deterioro en la relación de esos precios con los precios de los bienes manufacturados comercializados internacionalmente. La “Solemne Declaración” adoptada por la Primera Conferencia de Jefes de Estados Soberanos de los países miembros de la OPEP en 1975 en Argel agregó nuevos lineamientos de políticas a la luz del patrón cambiante de la relación entre las naciones productoras y las consumidoras. Allí se indicaba que la OPEP debía buscar, en consulta con otros países del mundo, el establecimiento de un nuevo orden económico internacional basado en la justicia, el entendimiento mutuo y una genuina preocupación por el bienestar de todos los pueblos del mundo. La Segunda Cumbre de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno de la OPEP se sostuvo en Caracas, Venezuela, en el año 2000. La Segunda Declaración Solemne resultante instó a los países miembros a reafirmar su compromiso con los principios básicos de la organización, a obtener un orden sustentable y estabilidad en el mercado petrolero internacional, con precios razonables y retornos justos a los inversores. Examinaron el rol creciente del petróleo en el futuro de la demanda mundial de energía, enfatizaron el fuerte vínculo entre la seguridad del suministro y la seguridad y transparencia de la demanda petrolera, y acentuaron la necesidad de una mejora del diálogo y la cooperación entre todas las partes de la industria. Asímismo, revisaron el asunto concerniente al servicio prestado por el petróleo a la humanidad en general y el de conjugar el suministro de petróleo con el desarrollo económico y la armonía ambiental, con el fin de ayudar a reducir las privaciones y la pobreza en los países en vías de desarrollo y estimular sus economías. Membresía: Los Estatutos de la OPEP estipulan que ‘cualquier país que posea una sustancial red de exportación de petróleo crudo, con intereses fundamentalmente similares a los de los Países Miembros, puede convertirse en un Miembro Integral de la Organización, siempre y cuando sea aceptado por una mayoría de los tres cuartos de la totalidad de los Miembros Integrales, incluyendo los votos concurrentes de todos los Miembros Fundadores’. Dichos estatutos distinguen las tres categorías de la membresía: Miembro Fundador, Miembro Integral y Miembro Asociado. Los Miembros Fundadores de la Organización son aquellos países que fueron representados en la primera conferencia de la OPEP que se sostuvo en Bagdad, los cuales firmaron el acuerdo original que establecía a la OPEP (ver más adelante). Los Miembros Integrales están constituidos por los Miembros Fundadores, además de los países cuyas solicitudes para convertirse en miembros han sido aceptadas por la Organización. Un Miembro Asociado es un país que no tiene suficiente calificación para la Membresía Integral, pero que, sin embargo, es admitido bajo las condiciones especiales que determine la Organización. La OPEP posee actualmente 11 Países Miembros, los cuales se especifican más adelante con sus respectivos años de ingreso. Miembros Fundadores Año de ingreso República Islámica de Irán 1960 Irak 1960 Kuwait 1960 Arabia Saudita 1960 República Bolivariana de Venezuela 1960 Miembros Completos Qatar 1961 Indonesia 1962 Libia 1962 Emiratos Árabes Unidos 1967 Argelia 1969 Nigeria 1971 Ecuador, país que se convirtió en Miembro Integral en 1973, hizo suspender su membresía por petición propia a partir del 31 de diciembre de 1992. Gabón, convertido en Miembro Integral en 1975, terminó su membresía el 1ro de enero de 1995 Información para la prensa ARGELIA Área: 2.382.000 Km2 Capital: Argel Idioma Oficial: árabe Año de inclusión: 1969 Compañía Nacional de Petróleo: Sonatrach Portal Web: www.sonatrach-dz.com S.E. Dr. Chakib Khelil Tlf: Tel: +21321 693268, 6902063 Ministro de Energía y Minas Fax: +21321 590931, 638810 Apellido: Khelil Primer nombre: Chakib Fecha de nacimiento: 3 de agosto de 1939 Lugar de nacimiento: Argelia Estado civil: Casado, dos hijos Educación: PhD en Ingeniería Petrolera, Universidad Texas A & M, 1968 Experiencia: Trabajó para Shell and Phillips Petroleum en Oklahoma y D R McCord y Asociados en Dallas, Texas, U.S.A. Regresó a Argelia en 1971 como Jefe del Departamento de Ingeniería Petrolera de Sonatrach y Presidente de Alcore, una empresa conjunta Sonatrach y Corelab Asesor Técnico del Presidente de Argelia, 1973-76 Presidente del Programa Valhyd, destinado a planificar, desarrollar y financiar recursos de hidrocarburos en Argelia Formó parte del Banco Mundial en 1980, llevó a cabo proyectos petroleros en África, Latinoamérica y Asia; para ese momento como Jefe de la Unidad de Energía para Latinoamérica y finalmente como asesor petrolero Se retiró tempranamente del Banco Mundial en cctubre de 1999 para convertirse en asesor del Presidente de Argelia Ministro de Energía y Minas desde diciembre de 1999 hasta la presente fecha Idiomas: Inglés, francés español, portugués y árabe. OPEP 141 Reunión Extraordinaria Información para la Prensa INDONESIA Área: 1.904.000 Km2 Capital: Yakarta Idioma Oficial: Indonesio Año de inclusión: 1962 Compañía Nacional de Petróleo: Pertamina Portal Web: www.pertamina.co.id Telefónos: S.E. Dr. Purnomo Yusgiantoro +6221 3847246, 3815000 Ministro de Energía Fax: +6221 3846859 y Recursos Minerales Apellido: Yusgiantoro Nombre: Purnomo Fecha de Nacimiento: 16 de junio de 1951 Lugar de Nacimiento: Semarang, Indonesia Estado Civil: Casado, tres hijos Educación: Postgrado en Economía en la Universidad de Colorado,
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