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Home , Adeleke Mamora, Aloma Mariam Mukhtar, Amina Zakari, Aminu Bello Masari, Andrew Yakubu, Babatunde Fashola

THE ORIGIN OF THE NAME Help our youth the truth to know

Nigeria as country is located in West In love and Honesty to grow between latitude 40 – 140 North of the And living just and true equator and longitude 30 – 140 East of the Greenwich meridian. Great lofty heights attain

The name Nigeria was given by the Miss To build a nation where peace Flora Shaw in 1898 who later married Fredrick Lord Lugard who amalgamated the Northern And justice shall reign and Southern Protectorates of Nigeria in the NYSC ANTHEM year 1914 and died in 1945. Youth obey the Clarion call The official language is English and the Nation’s motto is UNITY AND FAITH, PEACE AND Let us lift our Nation high PROGRESS. Under the sun or in the rain

NATIONAL ANTHEM With dedication, and selflessness

Arise, O Compatriots, Nigeria’s call obey Nigeria is ours, Nigeria we serve.

To serve our fatherland NIGERIA COAT OF ARMS

With love and strength and faith Representation of Components

The labour of our hero’s past - The Black Shield represents the good Shall never be in vain soil of Nigeria - The Eagle represents the Strength of To serve with heart and Might Nigeria One nation bound in freedom, - The Two Horses stands for dignity and pride Peace and unity. - The Y represent River and River Benue. THE PLEDGE THE NIGERIAN FLAG I Pledge to Nigeria my Country The Nigeria flag has two colours To be faithful loyal and honest (Green and White) To serve Nigeria with all my strength - The Green part represents Agriculture To defend her unity - The White represents Unity and Peace. And uphold her honour and Glory FACT ABOUT NIGERIA So help me God. Land Area - 923,768.00km2 NATIONAL PRAYERS Population - Over 180,000,000 O God of creation, Direct our Noble cause; Most Populous State – (9,383,682) Guide our leaders right; Official Language - English

Independence Day - October 1st 1960

Currency - Naira and Kobo

Vegetation - Forest, Grassland and semi arid

Mining -Coal, Petroleum, Tin and Columbine

Manufacturing – Tyre, Cement and Bisuits

Time – GMT + 1 Hour

Geographical Divisions – 36 States and FCT

Number of L.G.A – 774 Local Govt. Areas

Federal Capital – (12 Dec. 1991)

ANNUAL CELEBRATION

1st Jan. – New Year’s Day

15th – Nigeria Armed Forces

Remembrance Day

14th Feb. – Valentine Day

8th Mar. – Int’l Women Day

13th Mar. – Common Wealth Day

24th – World Tuberculosis Day

7th April – World Health Day

1st May – Workers’ Day

8th May – Children/Youth Day

27th May – Children/Youth Day

12th June – Democracy Day

15th June – African Children’s Day

11th July – World Population Day

21st Sept. – World Literacy Day

1st Oct. – Independence Day

25th Dec. – Christmas Day

26th Dec. – Boxing Day

TABLE OF CONTENT • History of Fuel Price Increase in Nigeria • Historical Background of OPEC • Colonial Masters who ruled Nigeria before • Senate President Since 1960 to Date Independence between 1914 – 1960 • Speaker of the House Representatives • Names of Heads of Government Since 1960 to Date • Arms of Government/Names of Nigeria • Date & Invent of World Politics occupying each position • Date of Establishment of Nigerian Armed • Service Chiefs in Nigeria Forces • Heads of Law Enforcement, Paramilitary & • Sports Intelligence • Registered & De-Register Political Parties • Ministers and Portfolios in Nigeria • Head of Government Agency and • Multiple Parastatals • The 7 Continents in the World • Modes of Address/Officer Titles • Planets and Their Distance from the Sun • Important Dates before and after • Shortest and Tallest People in the World Independence in Nigeria • State Creation in Nigeria • Arms of Government in Nigeria • Nigeria Standard Dialing Codes • Six Geo-Political Zones of Nigeria • Names of INEC Chairmen from 1964 to • History of NNPC and its Managing Date • Directors from 1977 to Date • Famous Names of Famous Inventors and • The Genesis of Ebola Virus Inventions • Local Government Areas, Capital & • Oldest & Newest Countries in the World Numbers of Local Government in Each • Notable World Mountains & Oceans State • History of Nigeria Currency • The Licensed Banks of Nigeria, MD/CEO, Merge Partners & Failed Banks • Classification of Africa Countries • Nigeria Coat of Arms & Flag • Timeline of Historical Event in Nigeria Since 2009 to Date • Right of A Citizen in a State • 109 House of Senate Members, their • Registered & De-registered Political Parties Constituencies & Political Parties in Nigeria • Best Universities in the World, Africa & • Names of personalities immortalized in Nigeria Nigeria Currencies • Some Nigeria Federal, State & Private • Brief history of the Oba of Universities and Date Founded • Origin of Nigeria Police, IG’s from 1930 to Date, Badges, Rank & Flag • Central Bank Indigenous Governors • Indigenous Chief Justices of Nigeria from • Nigeria Military Banks, Insignias and 1958 to Date Equivalents for both Commission & Non Commission Officers • Top 10 Wealthiest Men in the World About & ECOWAS • Richest Countries and Poorest in the World • & Africa • Past & Present Chairmen of ECOWAS Members of Common Wealth Countries • Most Corrupt Countries in the World • • Some Important Abbreviations • Some Great Men & Women Achievers • State, Capital, Creation, Slogan & • Past & Present Winners of Africa Cup of Governors Nation

• Military Coup in Nigeria Since July 29th 1975– Feb. 13th 1976 Independence • Chief Olusegun Aremu Obasanjo • Some Facts About the World Feb. 13th 1975 – Sep. 30th 1979 • Word Relating to , Arts & • Government Oct. 1st 1979 – Dec. 30th 1983 • Main International Organization that (2nd Republic) Nigeria Belong • Gen. • Sea Port & Dams in Nigeria Dec. 13th 1983 – Aug. 27th 1985 • Africa Countries, Capital, President & • Gen. Ibrahim B. Babangida Currency Aug. 27th 1985 – Aug. 26th 1993 • Banking Test & Explanatory Answers (3rd Republic) Abortive • Past Examination Question & Answers • Chief Ernest Shonekan • Millennium Development Goal Aug. 26th 1993 – Nov. 17th 1993 • About NDDC • Gen. th th • Origin of Nigeria Immigration, Operational Nov. 17 1993 – June 8 1998 Structure & Rank • Gen. A. Abubakar th th • About Sect in Nigeria June 8 1998 – May 29 1999 • History of Edo, Governor, Commissioners • Chief Olusegun A. Obasanjo Local Government Areas and Hqtrs May 29th 1999 – May 29th 2007 (4th Republic) • Alhaji Musa Yar’Adua th COLONIAL MASTERS WHO RULED NIGERIA May 29 2007 – 2010 BEFORE INDEPENDENCE BETWEEEN 1914- • Goodluck Ebele Jonathan 1960 May 2010 – May 2015 • Gen. Muhammadu Buhari 1. Sir Fredrick Lord Lugard [1914-1919] May 2015 to date 2. Sir Hugh Clifford [1919-1925] 3. Sir Creamer Thompson [1925-1931] 4. Sir Bernard Richard [1935-1943] THE 3 ARMS OF GOVERNMENT/NAME OF 5. Sir Arthur Richard [1943-1948] NIGERIANS OCCUPYING EACH POSITION 6. Sir John McPherson [1948-1958] EXECUTIVE 7. Sir James Robertson [1958-1960] Gen. Muhammadu Buhari, GCFR THE PAST HEADS OF STATE/PRESIDENTS FROM THE 1st REPUBLIC IN NIGERIA TO DATE NAME & President, Fed. Rep. of Nigeria PERIOD Prof. Yemi Osinbajo (SAN) • Dr. Nnamdi B. Azikiwe Vice President. Fed. Rep. of Nigeria 1st June 1963 - Jan 15th 1966 (1st Republic) LEGISLATURE • Maj. Gen. Johnson Aguiyi Ironsi Ahmed Lawan Jan. 15th 1966 – Jul. 29th 1966 • Gen. Gowan Senate President July 29th 1966 – July 29th 1975 • Gen. Murtala Mohammed

Speaker House of Rep. Comptroller General Prisons

Ovie Omo-Agege Muhammadu

Deputy Senate President Commandant Gen. NSCDC

Ahmed Idris Wase Yusud Magaji Bichi

Deputy Speaker House of Rep. DG SSS

JUDICIARY Mr. Boboye Oyeyemi

Ibrahim Tanko Mohammed CJN Corps Marshal FRSC

Chief Justice of the Federation APPIONTED REPRESENTATIVES IN SOME POLITICAL OFFICES Abubakar B. Mahmoudi (SAN) Boss Gida Mustapha President Nigeria Bar Association Sec. to the Government of the Federation Justice Zainab Bulkachuwa Dr. Folashade Yemi-Esan President of Appeal Court Ag. Head of Civil Service of Federation SERVICE CHIEFS Alh. Ahmed Idris Gen. Abayomi G. Olonishakin Accountant Gen. of Federation Chief of Defence Staff () Anthony Nkpe LT. Gen. Auditor Gen. of Federation Chief of Army Staff () Alh. Abba Kyari Vice Admiral Iboke-Ete Ekwe Ibas Chief of Staff (Borno State) Chief of Air Staff ( State) Femi Adesina HEAD OF LAW ENFORCEMENT PARAMILITARY AND INTELLIGENCE Special Adviser on Media & Publicity to the President Abubakar Adamu Mohammed Garba Shehu Inspector General of Police Senior Special Assistant for Media & Publicity Col. Hameed Ibrahim Ali (RTD)

Comptroller General Custom Service () NAMES OF MINISTERS, PORTFOLIOS & STATES

Mr. Muhammed Babandede 1. Muhammadu Buhari HM, Petroleum (Katsina) Comptroller General Immigraton Service 2. Timipri Sylva () HMS, Petroleum (Bayelsa) Ahmed Ja’afaru

3. Muhammed Musa Bello HMS, Budget (Edo) HM, FCT (Adamawa) 25. Geoffery Onyeama 4. Ramatu Tijani HM, Foreign Affairs () HMS, FCT (Kogi) 26. Zubair Dada 5. HMS, Foreign Affairs () HM, Niger Delta (Akwa Ibom) 27. Ali Isa Pantami 6. Tayo Alasoadura HM, Communication (Gombe) HMS, Niger Delta (Delta) 28. Suleiman Adamu 7. HM, Water Resources (Jigawa) HM, Labour & Employment (Anambra) 29. Zainab Ahmed 8. Festus Keyamo HM, Finance () HMS. Labour & Employment (Delta) 30. 9. Sharon Ikeazor HM, Defence (Kano) HM, Environment (Anambra) 31. Hadi Sirika 10. Muhammed Muhmood HM, Aviation (Katsina) HMS, Environment (Kaduna) 32. Abubakar Malami 11. Adamu Adamu HM, Justice/Attorney Gen. of the HM, (Bauchi) Federation (Kebbi) 12. Emeka Nwajiuba 33. Lai Mohammed HMS, Education (Imo) HM, Information & Culture (Kwara) 13. 34. HM, Special Duties (Benue) HM, Transportation (Rivers) 14. Richard Adeniyi 35. Gbemisola Saraki HM, Industry Trade & Investment (Ekiti) HMS, Transportation (Kwara) 15. AMB. Maryam Katagum 36. HMS, Industry HM, Works & Housing () 16. Mustapha Baba Sheburi 37. Abubaka D. Aliyu HM, Agriculture & Rural Development HMS, Works & Housing (Yobe) 17. Sabo Nanono 38. Olamilekan Adegbite HMS, Agriculture & Rural Development HM, Mines & Steel Development (Kano) (Ogun) 18. Sale Mamman 39. Ikechukwu Ogah HM, Power (Taraba) HMS, Mines & Steel Development 19. Goody Jedy Agba (Abia) HMS, Power (Cross River) 40. 20. HM, Interior (Osun) HM, Science & Technology (Ebonyi) 41. Sunday Dare 21. Muhammed H. Abdullahi HM, Youth & Sport (Oyo) HMS, Science & Technology (Nasarawa) 42. Paulen Tellen 22. Osagie Ehanire HM, Women Affairs (Plateau) HM, Health (Edo) 43. Maigari Dingladi 23. HM, Police Affairs (Sokoto) HMS, Health (Lagos) 44. Sadiya Umar Faruk 24. Clement Agba

HM, Humanitarian Affairs & Disaster DG. National Orientation Agency Management (Zamfara) (NOA) 21. Abdulwaheed Odusile HEAF OF GOVERNMENT NUJ President AGENCY/PARARSTALS 22. Dr. Dakuku Peterside 1. Prof. Mahmood Yakubu DG NIMASA INEC National Chairman 23. Ishaq Modibo Kawu 2. Mr. Melo Kolo Kyari DG Nigeria Broadcasting G.M.D NNPC Commission (NUC) 3. 24. Mansur Liman C.B.N Governor DG Federal Radio Corporation of 4. Brig. Gen. Shuaibu Ibrahim Nigeria (FRCN) DG NYSC 25. Yakubu Mohammed 5. Prof. Moji Christianah Adeyeye DG Nigerian Television Authority DG NAFDAC (NTA) 6. Prof. Biodun Ogunyemi 26. Osita Okechukwu ASSU President DG Voice of Nigeria (VON) 7. Prof. Bolaji Owasanye 27. Dr. Paul Angya ICPC Chairman Standard Organisation of Nigeria 8. Abubakar B. Mahmoudi (SON) NBA President MODES OF ADDRESS/OFFICER TITLES 9. Mr. Oscar Onyema DG NSE President/Governor – His Excellency 10. Ibrahim Magu EFCC Chairman Common Wealth High Commissioner/Foreign 11. Ayuba Waba Ambassador – Your Excellency Nigeria Labour Congress Presient Minister/Commissioners – Honourable 12. Quadri Olaleye President TUC Judges – Your Lordship 13. Abdul Zabair Magistrates – Your Worship DG SEC 14. Abdallah Queens – Your Majesty NDLEA Chairman Emperors – Your Imperial Majesty 15. Dr. Michael A. Olukoya President NUT Crown Princes – Your Royal Highness 16. Bayo Onanuga Kings – His Royal Highness (HRH) MD. News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) 17. Dr. Pius Odubu Activist/Unionist – Comrades NDDC Chairman Legislators/Chairman of Local Government – 18. Bernard O. Okumagba Your Honourable NDDC MD 19. Dr. William B. Fowler IMPORTANT DATES BEFORE INPENDENCE IN Chairman FIRS NIGERIA 20. Garba Abari

• Nigeria was given the Name Niger Area by • Nigeria held her first national election to set Miss Flora Shaw in 1898 up an independent government. Northern • The first railway line in Nigeria was Nigeria won most of the seats of parliament constructed from Lagos to Ibadan in 1901 in 1959 • The first main truck road was constructed IMPORTANT DATES AFTER INDENPENCE IN from Lagos to Ibadan in 1905 NIGERIA • Nigeria’s Capital was moved from to Lagos in 1906 • 1ST Oct. 1960 Nigeria got her independence • Nigeria was Amalgamated by Sir Lord Lugard and Dr. became the first in 1914 Governor General while Sir Abubakar • The West African National Congress was Tafawa Balewa became the first prime formed in 1920 minister • The first legislative council was formed in • The southern Camerouns were incorporated 1922 into the federation of Camerouns and • Herbert Macaulay founded the Nigerian ceased to be administered as part of National Democratic Party (NNDP) in 1923 federation of Nigeria on 1st Oct. 1961 • Aba Women riot was in 1929 • The Northern Camerous was formally • The National council of Nigeria and incorporated into the federation of Nigeria Cameroun (NCNC) was formed by Herbert in 1st June 1962 Macaulay who became its president while • Nigeria became a Republic in 1st October Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe served as the secretary 1963 and Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe beame the in 1944 first ceremonial president • Herbert Macaulay died ande Dr. Nnamdi • The first military coup took place in Nigeria Azikiwe became the president of NCPC in on 15th January 1966 1946 • The started on 6th July • Richard constitution was introduced in 1946 1967 and ended 12th January 1970. And was • The University College Ibadan was open led by Colonel Odumegwu Ojukwu 1948 • Nigeria changed to right hand drive on 2nd • Chief Anthony Enahoro moved the motion April 1972 for Nigeria’s Independence in the House of • National stadium in Lagos was officially Assembly on 1st April 1953 opened in 1972 • Queen Elisabeth visited Nigeria in 1956 • Nigeria Currency was changed to Naira and • Regional self-government was granted to Kobo on 1st January 1973 the then Eastern and Western Region of • National youth service corps (N.Y.S.C) was Nigeria in 1957 introduced under decree 24 on 22nd May • Nation’s cup championship started in 1957 1973 • The Apex Bank of Nigeria (The Central Bank) • The Economic community of west African was established and opened for operation state (E.C.O.W.A.S) was set up in Lagos 28th 1st July 1958 May 1975 • The Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A) • Lt. Gen. opened the was established by the late Chief Obafemi National theatre, Iganmu in Lagos in 1976 Awolowo at Ibadan in 1959 • Gen. Murtala Mohammed was assassinated on 13th February 1976

• Festival of Arts and Culture (FESTAC was held • Belieview plane crash at Lisa village in Ogun in Lagos on 15th February 1977) state occurred on 22nd Oct. 2005 killing all • Nigeria changed from military to civilian rule 117 passangers on board. on 1st Oct. 1979 and Alhaji Shehu Shagari • Another aircraft crashed in Kaduna killing all became the first Executive President passangers on board on 25th Nov. 2005 • President Shehu Shagari commissioned • Sosoliso Airline crashed in Port-harcourt Kaduna Refinery on 25th Oct. 1980 killing 114 passangers with only three • President Shehu Shagari commissioned survivors on 10th Dec. 2005 Delta Steel Company Ovwian-Aladja in 1980 • NEPA change to Power Holding Company of • Chief Odumegwu Ojukwu returned to Nigeria (PHCN) on 31st May 2005 Nigeria after 12 years in exile in1982 • A Nigeria Air force Dornier 228 plane with • The war against indiscipline (WAI) was some Army Generals and othr personel introduced by Buhari/Idiagbon regime on crashed killing 14 of 17 passengers on board 20th March 1984 on 17th Sep. 2006 • Naira and kobo changed colour on 25th April • Solar eclipse occurred in Nigeria on 29th 1984 March 2006 • The phased movement from Lagos to Abuja • ADC plane crashed about two KM away from by Federal Ministries began on 10th Oct. Nnamdi Azikiwe Airport killing 98 out of 105 1986 on board including the Sultan of Sokoto • Structural Adjustment programme (SAP) was on29th Oct. 2006 introduced on 27th June 1986 • Governorship and House of Assembly • Nigeria soldiers were air lifted from Lagos to elections were conducted nationwide on join the Ecowas monitoring group 14th April 2007 (ECOMOG) in the Liberian civil war 17th • Presidential and National Assembly elections August 1990 were conducted on 21st April, 2007 • The Federal Capital of Nigeria was moved • President and Governors-elect were sworn from Lagos to Abuja on 12th Dec. 1991 in on 29th May 2007 • Olusegun Obasanjo was sworn in as civilian • Speaker of the house of representative, Mrs on 29th May 1999 and her deputy, Alh. • INEC Chairman, Justice died Babangida Nguroje resigned over the N628 on 9th January 2000 million contract scam they were indicted for • The President of America Bill Clinton visited by the Idoko panel set up by the house on Nigeria on 26th – 28th August 2000 Oct. 30th 2007 • Bomb explosion at Ikeja military cantonment • Mrs Oladimeji Sabiru Bankole (37 years old – in Lagos 27th January 2002. Bachelor) from South Federal • The National stadium in Abuja was constituency of Ogun Stat was elected by the commissioned by President Olusegun honourable members of the house of Obasanjo on 8th April 2003 and also built at Representatives on November 1st 2007 the cost of N6Obillion. • 6th February 2008, following the nullification • Queen Elisabeth of England visited Nigeria in of the election of Governor Idris Ibrahim, 2003 after her first visit in 1956 Chief Clarence Olafemi speaker house of • The first lady of Nigeria, Chief Mrs Stella assembly of was sworn in as the Obasanjo died in Spain, as a result of surgical acting Governor operation on 22nd Oct. 2005.

• Hon. James Barka was sworn in as the acting • Senate President Governor of on February • Chief Justice of the Federation & Chief 27th 2008 Judge at the State level • was declared president TITLE OF THE HEAD elect April 19th 2011 • 29th May 2015 Mohammadu Buhari became • President (GCFR) the first opposition candidate to win a • Executive Governor presidential election in Nigeria • Chairman

ARMS OF GOVERNMENT THE SIX GEO POLITICAL ZONES OF NIGERIA

1. Executive STATE CAPITAL 2. Legislature 3. Judiciary 1. North-East Adamawa Yola TIERS OF GOVERNMENT Bauchi Bauchi Borno 1. Federal Government Taraba Jalingo 2. State Government Gombe Gombe 3. Local Government Yobe Damaturu THE FUNCTIONS OF THE THREE ARMS OF 2. North-West GOVERNMENT Jigawa Dutse Kano Kano The Executive Kaduna Kaduna • Implementation of policies of Katsina Katsina government Kebbi Kebbi • Executes and enforce laws Sokoto Sokoto Zamfara Gusau The Legislative 3. North Central • To make laws Benue Makurdi • Passing appropriation bills Kogi Lokoja • Oversight functions on executive Kwara Ilorin Niger • Approve budget Nasarawa Lafia • The legislative arm is divided into 2 Plateau Jos A. The Upper House-House of Senate 4. South-East B. The Lower House-House of Abia Umuahia Representatives Anambra Akwa The Judiciary Functions Enugu Enugu Ebonyi • Interpret the laws Imo • Adjudicate on cases 5. South-West • Apply the laws Ekiti Ado-Ekiti HEAD OR CHIEF EXECUTIVES Lagos Ikeja Ogun Abeokuta • President (GCFR)

Ondo 13. Shenu Ladan April 2010 – May 2010 Osun 14. Austine Oaiwon May 2012 – June 2012 Oyo Ibadan 15. Andrew Yakubu June 2012 – July 2014 6. South-South 16. Dr. Joseph Thiama Dawha Aug. 2014 – Akwa-Ibom Uyo 2015 Bayelsa Yenagoa 17. Dr. Emmanuel Ibe Kachkwu Aug. 2015 – Cross-River Calabar 2016 Delta Asaba 18. Dr. Maikanti Kacalla Baru Aug. 2016 – Edo Benin 2018 Rivers 19. Mr. Melo Kolo Kyari Aug. 2018 till date

HISTORY OF NNPC AND ITS MANAGING THE GENESIS OF EBOLA VIRUS DIRECTORS FROM 1977 TO DATE Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), formerly known The Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation, as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever (EHF) is a NNPC, was established on April 1st 1977, under severe, often-fatal disease in humans and the statutory instrument – decree No. 33 of non-human primates. The virus is named same year by a member of Nigeria National Oil after the Ebola River in Yambuku, Corporation, NNOC, with its operational Democratic Republic of Congo (Formerly functions and the federal ministry of mines and Zaire), where one of the First outbreaks power with its regulatory responsibilities. This occurred in 1976. In the same year there was decree established the NNPC, a public another outbreak in Nzara, . organization that would, on behalf of HOW EBOLA VIRUS SPREAD government manage all government interest in the Nigeria oil industry. • It spreads to people by contact with the skin or bodily fluids of an Managing Directors from 1977 to Date infected animal like MONKEY, 1. R.A Marinho July 1977 – April 1980 GORILLA, FOREST ANTELOPE, 2. Odiligi Lolomari April 1980 – August PORCUPINE, CHIMPANZEE OR FRUIT 1981 BAT. 3. Lawrence Amu Oct. 1981 – Nov. 1985 • People can also be exposed to Ebola 4. Aret Adams Nov. 1985 – April 1990 virus through contact with objects, 5. Thomas John April 1990 – June 1990 such as needles that have been 6. Edmund Daukora June 1992 – Oct. 1993 contaminated with infected 7. Chamberlia Oyibo Nov. 1993 – August secretions. 1995 SYMPTOMS OF EBOLA VIRUS 8. Dalhatu Bayero Aug. 1995 – May 1999 9. Jackson Gaius Obaseki May 1999 – Nov Early symptoms include: HIGH FEVER, 2003 HEADACHE, JOINT AND MUSCLE ACHES, SORE 10. Funsho Kupolokun Nov. 2003 – Sept. THROAT, WEAKNESS, STOMACH PAIN, LACK OF 2007 APPETITE. 11. Abubakar Yar’Adua Sept. 2007 – Jan. 2009 These symptoms can appear 2 to 21 days after 12. Muhammed Sanusi Bakindo Jan. 2009 – infection. The symptoms can progress to 2010 vomiting, diarrhea, impaired kidney and liver

function and sometimes internal and external LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS, CAPITAL & bleeding (Eyes, Ears and Nose). NUMBERS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN EACH STATE HOW EBOLA VIRUS CAN BE DIAGNOSED Abia (17 LG): Diagnosing Ebola HF in an individual who has been infected only a few days is difficult because Aba north, Aba South, Arochukwu, Bende, early symptoms, such as red eyes and a skin rash, Umuahia Ikwano, Isiala-Ngwa north, Isiala-ngwa are nonspecific to the virus and are seen in other south, isuikwato, obioma ngwa, ohafia, osisioma patients with disease that occur much more ngwa, ugwanabo, ukwu east, ukwa west, frequently. However, if a person has the umuahia north, umuahia south, umu-nneochi. constellation of symptoms described above, and Adamawa (21 LG): infection with Ebola virus is suspected, isolate the patient and notify local and state health Demsa, fufore, ganye, girei, gombi, guyuk,hong, department and the CDC. jada, lamurde, madageli, maiha, mayo-belwa, mubi, mubi south, numan, shelleng,song, PREVENTION OF EBOLA VIRUS toungo, yola, jimeta, michika. • Avoid direct contact with the body fluid Akwa Ibom (31 LG): of infected people • You are expected to wash your hands Abak, eastern obolo, eket, atai, essien udim, etm regularly, and you must wash both the ekpo, etinam, ikono, ibesikpo asutan, mbo, front and back up to your elbow with mkpat enin, nsit, nsit ibom, nsit ubium, obot soap. akara, okobo, onna,oron,oruk annam, udung • Use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% uko, ukanafun, uruuan, urue-offong/orkko, uyo, alcohol as often as possible when water ikot-abasi, ikot-ekpeme, ini,itu, ibeno,ika. is not available, because the Virus can’t Anambra (21 LG): stand alcohol • Avoid eating of bush meat, particularly Aguata, anambra east, Anambra west, aniocha, monkey, gorilla, forest antelopes, north, awka south, ayamelum, dunukofia, porcupines, chimpanzee of fruit bats. ekwusigo, idemili north, idemili south, ihiala • Whatever animal products you njiakoka, Nnewi north, Nnewi south, ogbaru, consume; wash rigorously and cook Onitsha north, Onitsha south, orumba north, oyi thoroughly. orumba south. • Avoid sharing clothes, towels, bed- Bauchi (20LG): sheets, handkerchiefs etc. • Avoid unnecessary public gatherings and Alkaleri, Bauchi, bogoro,damban, darazo, dass, handshakes. gamawa, ganjuwa, giade, itas/gadau, Jama’are katagumu, kirfi, misau, ningi, shira, tafawa- NOTE: balewa, toro, warji, zaki. Mr. Pattrick Sawyer a 40-year-old Liberian- Bayelsa (8 LG): American civil servant who knowingly imported Ebola into Nigeria died July 25, 2014 in First Brass ekeremor, kolokuma/opokuma nemba, Consultant Medical Centre, Obalende, Lagos. ogbia, sagbarna, southern ijaw, yenagoa.

Benue (23 LG): Ekiti (16 LG):

Ado, agatu, apa,buruku, gboko, gumma, gwer Ado ekiti, aiyekire, efon, ekiti east, ekiti south, east, gwer west, kastinal-ala, konshinsha, west ekiti, west emure, idos-ose, ijero, ikere, kwande, logo, makurdi, obi,ogbadibo, ikole, ilemeji, irepodun/ifelodun, ise/orun, oju,okpokwu, ohimini, oturkpo, tarka, ukurn, moba,oye. ushonogo, vandeikya. Enugu (17 LG): Borno (27 LG): Aninri, awgu, enugu east, enugu north, enugu Abade, askira/uba, bama, bayo, biiu chibok, south, ezeagu, igbo-etiti, igbo-eze north, igbo- , , gubio, guzaimala, , hawul, eze south, isi-uzo, nkanu west, nsukka, oji-river, jeer, kaga, kala/balge, , kukawa, kwaya udenu, udi, uzo-uwani. kusar, , magumeri, Maiduguri, marte, Gombe (11 LG): mobbar, monguno,, nganzai, shani. Akko, balanga, billiri, dukku, funakaye, gombe Cross river (18 LG): kaltungo, kwami, nafada, shomgom, Abi, akamkpa, akpabuyo, bakassi, bekwara, yamaitu/deba. biase, boki calabar-municipal, calabar south, Imo (27 LG): etung, ikom obaniliku, obubra, obudu, odukpani, ogoja, yakurr, yala. Aboh-mbaise, ahiazu-mbaise, ehime-mbano, ezinihitte, ideato north, ideato south, Delta (25 LG): ihitte/uboma, ikeduru, isiala mbano, isu, mbaito, Aniocha north, aniocha south, burutu,bomadi, ngor-okpala, njaba, nwangele, nkwerre, ehiope east, ethiope west, ika north, ika south, obowo,oguta,ohaja/egbema, okigwe, orlu, orsu, isoko north, isoko south, ndokwa east, ndokwa orsu east, oru west, owerri-municpal, owerri, west, okpe, oshimilli north, shiomili south, owerri north, owerri west, unuimo. patani,sapele, udu, ughelli north, ughelli south, Jigawa (27 LG): ukwani, uvwie, north, warri south, warri south west. Auyo, Babura, birmin kudu, biriniwa, buji, dutse, gagarawa, garki, gumei, guri,gwaram, gwiwa, Ebonyi (12 LG): hadeija, jahun, kafin-hausa, kaugoma, kazaure, Abakaliki, afikpo north, afikposouth, ebonyi, kirikasamma, kiyawa, mia gatari, malla-maduri, ezza north, ezza south, ikwo, ishielu, ivo, izzi, ringim, roni, sule tankarkar, taura, ohaozara, ohaukwu, onicha. bosuwa,yankwashi.

Edo (18 LG): Kaduna (23 LG):

Akoko-edo, esan central, esan north east, esan Bimin-gwari, chikun, giwa, igbabi, ikara, jaba south easr, esan west, etsako central, igueben, jema’a kachia, kaduna north, kaduna south, ikpoba-okha, oredo, orhionmwon, ovia north kagarko, kajuru, kauru, lera, makarfi, sabon-gari, east, ovia south west, owan west, uhumwonde, sanga, soba, zangon-kataf, kudan, , kura. owan east, etsako east, etsako west. Kano (44 LG):

Ajingi, albasu,babeji, bichi, bunkure dala, dambatta, dawakin kudu, dawakin tafa, doguwa,

fagge, gabasawa, garko, garum, mallam, gaya, Akwanga, awe, doma karu, Keanu, keffi, kokona, gezawa, kiru, kumbotsu, kunchi, kura, madobi, lafia, nasarawa, nasarawa eggon, obi, toto, makoda, minjibir, nasarawa, rano, rimun gado, wamba. rogo, shanoro, sumaila, takali, tarauni, tofa, Niger (25 LG): tsanyawa, tudun wada, ungogo, warawa,wudil, bagwai, gwale, gwarzo, kobo, kano, municipal, Agie, agwara, , borgu, bosso, chanchaga, karaye, kibiye. edati, gbako, gurara, katcha, knontagora, leuen, magama, mariaga, mashegu, mokwa, muya, Katsina (32 LG): paikoro, rafi, rijau, suleja,tafa, wushishi, shiroro, Bakori, batagarawa, batsari, baure, bindawa, lapai. charanchi, dandume, danja, dan musa, daura Ogun (20 LG): dutsi, dutsin-ma, fasakari, funtua,inagawa, jibia, kafur, kaita, kankara, kankia, kurfi, kusasa, Abeokuta north, Abeokuta south, ado-odo/ota mai’adua, malumfashi, mani, mashi, matazuu, egbado north, egbado south, ewekoro, ifo, ijebu masawa, rimi, sabuwa, safana, sandamu, zango, east, ijebu north, ijebu north east, ijebu ode, katsina. ikenne, imedo-afon, ipokia, obafemi-owode, ogun waterside odeda. Kebbi (21 LG): Ondo (18 LG): Aleiro, arewa-dandi, argungu, augie, bagudo, birnin kebbi, bunza dandi, fakai, gwandu, jeda, north east, akoko north west, akoko south kalgo, koko/besse, maiyama, ngaski, sakabi, east, akoko south west, , akure shanga, suru, wasagu/danko, yauri, zuru. south, , , , , ose, , ile-olujiokeigbo, , idamre, , Kogi (21 LG): , . Adavi, ajaokuta, ankpa, bassa, dekina, ibaji, idah, Oyo (33 LG): igalamela-odolu, ijumu, kabba/bunu, kogi, lokoja, mopa-muro, ofu, ogori/magongo, okehi, Afiijio, akinyele, atiba, atigbo, egbeda, Ibadan okene, olamabolo, omala, yagba east, yagba central, Ibadan north, Ibadan north west, Ibadan wast. south west, ibarapa central, ibarapa east, ibarapa north, iddo, irepo, iseyin,itesiwaju, Kwara (16 LG): iwajowa, kajpola, lagelu, ogbomoso north, Asa, baruten, edu, ekiti, ifelodun, ilorin east, ogbomoso south, ogo oluwa, olorunsogo, ilorin south, Ilorin west, irepodun, isin, kaiama, oluyole, ona-ara, orelope, ori ire,oyo east,oyo moro offa, oke-ero, oyun, pategi. west, saki east, saki west, .

Lagos (20 LG): Plateau (19 LG):

Agege, ajeromi_ifelodun, alimosho, amuwo Barikin ladi, bassa, bokkos, jos east, jos north, odofin, apapa, badagry, epe, eti-osa, ibeju/lekki, jos, jos south, kanam, kanke, langtang north, ifako-ijaye, ikeja, ikorodu, kosofe, lagos island, langtang south, mangu, mikang, pankshin, lagos mainland, mushin, ojo, oshodi-isolo, qua’an pan, riyom, shendam, wase. shomolu, surulere. Rivers (23 LG): Nasarawa (13 LG): Abua/odual, ahaoda east, ahaoda west, andoni, akuku-toru, bonny Degema, emohua, eleme,

etche, gokana, ikwerre, khana, obial akpo, THE 22 LICENSED BANKS OF NIGERIA, MD/CEO ogba/egbema/ndomi, ogu/bolo, okrika, AND MERGE PARTNERS omumma opobo/nkoro, oyinbo, port harcourt, 1. FIRST BANK PLC tai, asari toru. (Dr. Adesola Adeduntan) MD/CEO Sokoto (23 LG): (Mrs. Ibukun Awosika) Chairman First Bank Plc, FBN . Ninji, bodinga, dange-shuni, gada, goronyo, 2. PLC gudu, sokoto gwadabawa, ilela, isa, kware (Mr. Philips Oduoza) kebbe, rabah, sabon, bimi, Shagari, silame, Standard Trust Bank Plc, United Bank for sokoto north, sokoto south, tambuwai, tangaza, Africa, Continental Trust Bank. tureta, warmako, wurno, yabo. 3. UNION BANK Taraba (15 LG): Mr. Cyril Odu (Chairman) (Mr. Emeka Emuwa) Ardo-kola, bali, donga, gashakka, cassol, ibi, Union Bank Plc, Universal Trust Bank Plc, jalingo, karim-lamido, kurmi, lau, dardauma, Union Merchant Bank, Board Bank Nig. takum, ussa, wakari,yorru, zing. Ltd. Yobe (17 LG): 4. POLARIS BANK PLC Alh. M. K. Ahmed (Chairman) Bade, bursari, damaturu, fika,fune, geidam, Mr, Adetokunbo Abiru (Managing gujaba, gulani, jakusko, karasuwa, machine, Director) nangere, nguru, , tarmua, yunusari, Prudent Bank Plc, EIB, International yusufari. Bank, Bond Bank, Reliance Bank Ltd, Co- Zamfara (14 LG): operative Bank, Mainstreet Bank Ltd. 5. WEMA BANK PLC Anka, bakura, birmin magaji kiyaw, bukkuyum, Adeyinka Asekun (Chairman) bungudu, gusau, gummin, kaura, narnoda, Mr. Segun Olokutuyi (MD/CEO) maradun, maru, shinkafi, talata mafara, tsafe, Wema Bank Plc, National Bank Plc. zurmi. Lead Bank Plc. 6. STERLING BANK/ETB Osun (27 LG): (Mr. Yemi Adeola) Atakumosa east, atakumosa west, aiyeda-ade, NBM Bank Ltd, Magnum Trust Bank, aiyedire, boluwaduro, boripe, ede north, ede Trust Bank of Africa, Nal Bank Plc, Indo south, egbedore, ejigbo, central, irepodun, Nigeria Bank. irewole, isekan iwo, obokun, odo-otin, ola 7. FIDELITY BANK PLC oluwa, olorunda, irade, orodu, osogbo, ife east, (Nnamdi Okonkwo) ife north, ife south, ifedayo, ila Ilesha east, Ilesha Fidelity Bank Plc, Manny Bank Plc, west. FSB Int’l Plc 8. STANDARD CHARTEERD BANK LTD FCT-Abuja (6 LG): (Bola Adesola) Kwali area council, Abuja municipal, abaji, kuje, Standarad Chartered Bank Limited gwagwalada, bwari. 9. KEYSTONE BANK Mr. Obeahon Ohiwerei (MD/CEO) Platinum Bank Nigeria Ltd, Habib Bank Int’l

10. UNITY BANK PLC 6. Spring bank now Enterprise Bank Mrs. Tomi Somefun 7. Fin Bank now FCMB Plc NNB Int’l Bank Plc, Centre Point Bank Plc, 8. Mainstreet Bank now Skye Bank Societe Bank, Tropical commercial Inter 9. Enterprise Bank now Heritage Bank Stat Bank, New Africa Bank, Pacific Bank 10. Skye Bank now Polaris Bank and Intercity Bank Plc 11. Diamond Bank now Access Bank 11. CITI BANK THE FAILED BANKS ARE: Mr. Akinsowon Dowodu (MD/CEO) Citi Bank 1. African Express 12. HERITAGE BANK LTD 2. Assurance Bank Mr. Ifie Sekibo 3. City Express Bank Enterprise Bank 4. Eagle Bank 13. ZENITH BANK PLC 5. Fortune Bank Ebenezer Onyeagwu (MD/CEO) 6. Gulf Bank Zenith Bank Plc 7. Liberty Bank 14. FIRST CITY MONUMENT BANK PLC 8. Metropolitan Bank Adam Nuru (MD/CEO) 9. Triumph Bank FCMB, Co-operative Development Bank 10. Society Generale Bank Plc, Nigeria-America Bank, Finbank 11. All State Trust Bank 15. GT BANK PLC 12. Trade Bank Segun Agbaje 13. Hallmark Bank Guaranty Trust Bank Plc 14. Lead Bank 16. ACCESS BANK PLC Herbert Wigwe TIMELINE OF HISTORICAL EVENT IN NIGERIA Access Bank Plc, Marina Bank, Capital SINCE 2009 Bank Nigeria Limited. • August 2009, Umaru Musa Yar’Adua 17. STANBIC IBTC BANK granted amnesty to the Niger Delta Dr. Demola Sogunle (MD/CEO) Militants which lasted for 60 days. 18. ECOBANK NIG. PLC • In February 6th, 2010, Goodluck Jonathan Mr. Charles Kie became the acting president of Nigeria. 19. SUNTRUST BANK • May 5th, 2010, President Alhaji Umaru Musa Ayo Babatunde (MD/CEO) Yar’Adua died at 58 years in and 20. PROVIDE BANK was buried in 6th of May 2010. Walter Akpani (MD/CEO) • May 6, 2010, acting Goodluck Jonathan was 21. GAIZ BANK sworn in and was declared president of the Mr. Hassan Usman (MD/CEO) Federal Republic of Nigeria at about 8:30am THE FOLLOWING BANKS ARE NOW AS by Chief Justice Aloysius Katsina Alu. FOLLOWS: • 1st May 2011, Osama Bin Laden was killed on in a firefight with U.S Forces in Pakistan. 1. Oceanic now Ecobank Nig. Plc The Al-Qaeda Leader Osama Bin Laden 2. Intercontinental Bank now Access Bank before his death was born in 1957 in Saudi 3. ETB now Sterling Bank Arabia and became the world’s most terrific 4. Bank PHB now Keystone Bank terrorist on 11th Sept. 2001 when he 5. Afri Bank now Mainstreet Bank

pioneered the invasion of the world trade Hundred Naira ((₦100) Centenary Note at centre of the United State of America. the Presidential Villa, Abuja. • On the 17th April 2012, Former Governor • On 1st April 2015, Gen, Muhammadu Buhari was sentenced to thirteen (13 became the first opposition candidate to years) imprisonment by British Southwark win a presidential election in Nigeria. Court for defrauding • On the 8th of June 2016, former Nigeria Government of $250million (₦35.5Billion) Coach Stephen Keshi sadly passed away of while holding swag as governor between cardiac arrest in the early hours of 1999-2007 Wednesday at the ae of 54. • At about 3:45pm on Sunday the 3rd of June • On August 19th 2017, President 2012, A Dana Air Passenger Plane carrying Muhammadu Buhari arrives Nigeria at 153 people crashed into residential building about 4:45pm after 104days on medical at Olaniyi Street Iju, a suburb of Lagos, vacation in the . killing 153 on board and more than 30 other • On 26th February 2019, President residents on the ground. Muhammadu Buhari became the Second • On the 16th of July, 2012 Justice Aloma, Military Head of State to win a two-term Mariam Mukhtar became the first female Presidential Election in Nigeria. . 109 HOUSE OF 9TH SENATE MEMBERS, THEIR • 21st March 2013, Prof. Chinua Achebe died CONSTITUENCIES, AND POLITICAL PARTIES in Boston, Massachusetts, United State at the Age of 82. Before his death he was a STATE SENATORS PARTY Nigeria Novelist, Poet, Professor and Critic. He was best known for his first Novel: Things Fall Apart in 1958, which is the most North APC widely read book in Modern African Literature. South Eyinnaya Abaribe PDP th • On 7 June 2014, died of Central Theodora Orji PDP Cancer in an India Hospital at age 59. Before her death she was the Director of National ADAMAWA STATE Agency for Food and Drug Administration North Ishiaku Elisha Cliff PDP and Control (NAFDAC) of Nigeria and Nigeria Minister of information and South Yaroe Binos Daua PDP Communication from 2008-2010. She was a Central Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed APC Pharmacist and Government Administrator who gain hundreds of awards for her work AKWA-IBOM STATE in pharmacology, Public Health and Human North Akpan PDP Rights. • On 20th October, 2014 World Health South Eyakenyi Akon Etim PDP Organization officially declared Nigeria free of Ebola Virus after six weeks with no new West Christopher Stephen Ekpenyong PDP cases. • On 12th November 2014, President Goodluck Jonathan unveiled the New North PDP South YPP

Central Uche Lilian Ekwunife PDP

BAUCHI STATE North Francis Alimikhena APC

North Bulkachuwa Adamu APC South PDP

South Lawan Gumau APC Central Clifford Ordia PDP

Central Jike Halliru APC EKITI STATE

BAYELSA STATE North Adetunmbi Ayodeji APC

East Degi Eremenyo Wangagra APC South Adeyeye Adebayo APC

West Ewhrudjako Lawrence PDP Central Bamidele Opeyemi APC

Central Diri Douye PDP

BENUE STATE North Utazi Chukwuka PDP

East PDP West PDP

West Patrick Abba Moro PDP East Nnamani Chimaroke PDP

West Emmanuel Yisa Orker-Jev PDP GOMBE STATE

BORNO STATE North Alkali Ahmed APC

North Kyari Abubakar Shaib APC South Amos Bulus Kilawangs APC

South Ali Ndume APC Central Danjuma Goje APC

Central APC

CROSS-RIVER STATE North Benjamin Uwajumogu APC

North Oko Rose Okoji PDP East Onyewuchi E. Francis PDP

South Gershom Bassey PDP West APC

Central Onor Sandy Ojang PDP

DELTA STATE North-East Hassan Ibrahim Hadeija APC

North Peter Nwaboshi PDP South/West Sabo Mohammed APC

South James Ebiowou Manager PDP North/West Sankara Daniel APC

Central Obaisi Ovie Omo-Agege PDP

EBONYI STATE North Kwari Suleiman Abdu APC

North Egwu Samuel Ominiyi PDP South Danjuma La’ah Tella APC

South Michael Ama Nnachi PDP Central Sani Uba PDP

Central Ogba Joseph Obinna PDP

North Barau Jibrin APC East Mustapha Olalekun APC

South Kabiru Gaya APC West Odebiyi T. Akinremi APC

Central APC

KEBBI STATE Central Akinyelure Patrick Ayo PDP

North Abdullahi Abubakar APC North Ajayi Boroface APC

South Bala Na’allah APC South Nicholas Tofowomo PDP

Central APC

KOGI STATE Central Surajudeen A. Bairu APC

West APC East Fadahunsi Francis Adenigba PDP

East Jibrin Isah APC West Oriolowo Adelere Adeyemi APC

Central Yakubu Oseni APC

KWARA STATE Central Folarin Teslim Kolawole APC

North Umar Suleiman Sadiq APC South Kola Ademola Balogun PDP

South Ashiru Oyelola Yisa APC North Buhari Abdulfatai APC

Central Oloriegbe Yahay Ibrahim APC

LAGOS STATE Central Dimka Hezekiah Ayuba APC

West Adeola Olamilekan APC South Ignatus Datong Longjan APC

East Osinowo Sikiru Adebayo APC North Gyang Istifanus Dung PDP

Central APC

NASARAWA STATE South/East Mpigi Barinada PDP

North APC East Thompson Sekibo PDP

South Tanko Al-Makura APC West Apaifi Jocelyn PDP

East Akwashiki Godiya APC

NIGER STATE North Aliyu Wamakko APC

North Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi APC South Shehu Abubakar Tambuwa APC

South Bima Muhammad Enagi APC East Ibrahim Gobir APC

East Mohammed Sani Musa APC

OGUN STATE Central APC

Central APC South PDP

North Isa Shuaibu Lau APC 8. North West University 9. University of Nairobi 10. The American University in Cairo North Ahmed Lawan APC BEST UNIVERSITIES IN NIGERIA East Gaideam Ibrahim APC 2019, Wabometric Ranking South Bomai Ibrahim APC 1. University of Ibadan (UI) 12th in Africa 2. Covenant University, Ota Central Mohammed Hassan PDP 3. Nsukka (UNN) North Ya’u Sahabi PDP 23rd in Africa 4. Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) West Lawali Hassan Anka PDP 27th in Africa F.C.T 5. Federal University of Technology, Minna 45th in Africa Tanimu Philios Aduda PDP 6. (UNILAG) 25th in Africa

7. University (ABU) 10 BEST UNIVERSITIES IN THE WORLD 34th in Africa 8. Federal University of Agriculture 2019, Webometric Ranking Abeokuta (FUNAAB) 1. Harvard University (USA) 73rd in Africa 2. Standford University 9. University of Ilorin (UNILORIN) 3. Massachusetts Institute Technology 52nd in Africa (MIT), USA 10. Federal University of Technology Akure 4. University of California Bericely (FUTA) 5. University of Michigan SOME NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES, AND DATES 6. University of Washington FOUNDED 7. 8. Cornell University FEDERAL 9. Columbia University, New York 1. UI – University of Ibadan – 1948 10. 2. UNN – University of Nigeria Nsukka, 10 BEST UNIVERSITIES IN AFRICA Enugu – 1960 3. ABU – , Zaria, 2019, Wabometric Ranking Kaduna – 1962 1. University of Cape town – 4. University of Lagos, UNILAG, Akoko – 2. University of Pretoria – South Africa 1962 3. University of South Africa – South Africa 5. OAU – Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile- 4. University of Witwatersrand Ife, Osun – 1962 5. University of Kwazulu-Natal – South 6. UNIBEN – University of Benin – 1970 Africa 7. UNICAL – , Cross 6. University of Stellenbosch – South Africa River – 1975 7. University of Johannesburg

8. UNIMAID – , 1. IUO – Igbinedion University Okada, Borno – 1975 Benin – 1999 9. UNIPORT – University of Port Harcourt – 2. Madonna University, Okija, Anambra – 1975 1999 10. Bayero University, Kano – 1975 3. Babcock University, Ilesha, Remo, Ogun 11. UNILORIN – University of Ilorin, Kwara – – 2002 1975 4. Bowen University, Iwo, Osun – 2002 12. UNIJOS – University of Jos – 1976 5. BIU – Benson Idahosa University, Benin 13. University, – 2002 Bauchi – 1988 6. Pan Africa University, Lekki, Lagos – 14. FUTO – Federal University of Technology 2002 Owerri – 1980 7. Covenant University, Otta, Ogun – 2002 15. UNIZIK – Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 8. Redeemers University – 2005 Awka – 1983 9. Joseph Ayo Babalola University – 2006

STATE UNIVERSITIES & DATE CENTRAL BANK INDIGENOUS GOVERNORS

1. ESUT – Enugu State University of Science 1. Dr. & Technology – 1980 1st Indigenous Governor 2. IMSU – Imo State University, Owerri – South South 1981 2. Chief 3. AAU – Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, 2nd Indigenous Governor Benin – 1981 South West 4. University Ago-Iwoye, 3. Alh. Abdulkadir Ogun – 1982 3rd Indigenous Governor 5. ABSU – , Uturu – North West 1983 4. Dr. Paul A. Ogwuma 6. Ladoke Akintola University of 4th Indigenous Governor Techonology, Oyo State – 1988 South East 7. DELSU – Delta State University, Abraka – 5. Chief Joseph Sanusi 1992 5th Indigenous Governor 8. University – 1995 South West 9. Kano State University, – 1998 6. Prof. Charles Chukwuma 10. LASU – University – 1983 6th Indigenous Governor 11. EBSU – University, Abakaliki South East – 2001 7. 12. NDU – Niger Delta University, 7th Indigenous Governor Amassoma, Bayelsa – 2001 8. Godwin Emefiele 13. Kogi State University Anyigbe – 1999 8th Indigenous Governor Designate 14. Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University PAST INDIGENOUS CHIEF JUSTICES OF NIGERIA – 2005 FROM 1958 TO DATE 15. Gombe State University, Gombe – 2005 1. Hon. Justice Sir. Ademola Adetokunbo, PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES & DATE KBE, CON - 1958-1972

2. Hon. Justice Teslim Olawale Elias, CFR, world. While Mike Adenuga worth $4.6bn GCON - 1972-1975 Nigeria number 2 and World number 325. 3. Hon. Justice Darnley Arthur Alexander, RICHEST COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD CBE, KCMG, CFR - 1975-1979 4. Hon. Justice Atanda Fata Williams, CON Countries GDP Per Capital – 1979-1983 5. Hon. Justice George Sodeinde 1. Qater $129,726 (£105,791) Sowemimo CON, GCON – 1983-1985 2. Luxembourg $101,936 (£83,128) 6. Hon. Justice Ayo Gabriel Irikefe, OFR, 3. Macao $96,147 (£78,407) CON, GCON – 1985-1987 4. Singapore $87,082 (£71,015) 7. Hon. Justice , CON, 5. Brunei $79,710 (£65,003) GCON – 1987-1995 6. Kuwait $71,263 (£58,114) 8. Hon. Justice Uwais, RICHEST COUNTRIES IN AFRICA CON, GCON 1987-1995 9. Hon. Justice Salihu Moddibo Alfa Countries GDP Per Capital Belgore, CON, GCON – 1995-2006 1. Equitorial $34,865 Billion 10. Hon. Justice – 2006- 2. Seychelles $28,712 Billion 2009 3. Mauritius $21,628 Billion 11. Justice Aloysius Katsina – Alu – 2009- 4. Gabon $19,266 Billion 2011 5. $18,146 Billion 12. – 2011-2012 13. – 2012-2014 POOREST COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD 14. – 2014-2016 Countries GDP Per Capital 15. Walter Samuel Onnoghen – 2016-2018 16. Ibrahim Tanko Mohammed – Incumbent 1. Central African Republic $656 (£535) 2. Democratic Republic of Congo $784 (£639) TOP 10 WEALTHIEST MEN IN THE WORLD 3. Burundi $818 (£667) 1. Bill Gates (US) worth $76.6bn. 4. $882 (£719) 2. Amancio Ortega (Spain) worth $73.5bn. 5. Niger $1,113 (£907) 3. Warren Buffet (American) worth MOST CORRUPT COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD $65.9bn. 4. Jeff Bezos (American) worth $65bn. 1. Somalia 5. Carlos Slim Helu (Mexican) worth 2. North Korea $52.2bn. 3. Afghanistan 6. Mark Zukerberg (American) CEO 4. Sudan Facebook worth $51.2bn. 5. Iraq 7. Larry Ellison (American) worth $51.2bn. LEAST CORRUPT COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD 8. Michael Bloomberg (American) worth $46.7bn. 1. Denmark 9. Charles Koch (American) worth $36bn. 2. New Zealand 10. David Koch (American) worth $44.2bn. 3. Finland 4. Sweden NOTE: Alh. Dangote now richest in Africa 5. worth $25bn. Also the 23rd richest in the 6. Switzerland

7. Singapore ECOWAS – Economic Community of West African 8. Netherlands State 9. Luxermbourg EFCC – Economic Financial Crimes Commission 10. Canada FESTAC – Festival of Arts and Culture SOME IMPORTANT ABBREVIATIONS FIFA – Federation of International Football NEWS – North East West South Association CD – Compact Disc GSM – Global System for Mobile Communication AM – Ante Meridiem (Before Noon) HIV – Human Immune Deficiency Virus PM – Post Meridiem (Afternoon) ICPC – Independent Corrupt Practices and other ISBN – International Standard Book Number Related Offences ISSN – International Standard Serial Number NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization FM – Frequency Modulation INEC – Independent National Electoral UHF – Ultra High Frequency Commission VHF – Very High Frequency NOA – National Orientation Agency VAT – Value Added Tax ICAN – Institute of Chartered Accountants of AGM – Annual General Meeting Nigeria SMS – Short Message Service NUJ – Nigerian Union of Journalists MMS – Multi Media Service UNICEF – United Nations International Children NACA – Nigeria Action Committee of Aids Education Fund AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome NUC – National Universities Commission NAFDAC – National Agency for Food and Drugs ASCON – Administration Staff College of Nigeria Administration Control NDLEA – National Drug Law Enforcement Agency SIM – Subscriber Identification Module NDA – Nigerian Defense Academy ATM – Automated Teller Machine NLC – Nigerian Labour Congress MTN – Mobile Telephone Networks NDDC – Niger Delta Development Commission M.TEL – Mobile Telecommunication NUPENG – National Union of Petroleum and BBC – British Broadcasting Corporation Natural Gas Workers AU – African Union NANS – National Association of Nigerian BPE – Bureau of Public Enterprise Students CID – Criminal Investigation Department

NSE – Nigerian Stock Exchange Agencies

UNESCO – United Nations Educational Scientific NCAA – Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority

and Cultural Organisation NIPSS – National Institute for Policy and Strategic

OPEC – Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Studies

Countries PMAN – Performing Musicians Association of

OAU – Organisation Africa Unity Nigeria

VON – Voice of Nigeria NMA – Nigeria Medical Association

WHO – World Health Organisation RSVP – Respondezs’il Vous Plait

NURTW – National Union of Road Transport NIM – Nigeria Institute of Management

Workers WAI-C – War Against Indiscipline and Corruption

UNIDO – United Nations Industial Development UNICEF – United Nations International Children

Organisation Educational Fund

NNPC – Nigerian National Petroleum

Corporation

NIPOST – Nigerian Postal Service

UN – United Nations

VOA – Voice of America

NEPAD – New Partnership for African

Development

NEEDS – National Economic and Empowerment

Development Strategy

NIEPA – Nigeria Institute for Educational

Planning and Administration

CIIN – Chartered Institute of Insurance of

Nigerian

NPC – National Pension Commission

UAP – University Assistance Program

SPDC – Shell Petroleum Development Company

NANTA – National Association of Nigeria Travel

STATES, CAPITAL, CREATION, SLOGAN AND GOVERNORS

STATE CAPITAL CREATION SLOGAN GOVERNOR Abia Umuahia Aug. 27th 1991 God’s Own state – PDP Adamawa Yola Aug. 27th 1991 Highest Peak of the Nation Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri – PDP Akwa-Ibom Uyo Sept. 23rd 1987 Land of Promise Emmanuel Udom Gabriel - PDP Anambra Awka Aug. 27th 1991 Light of the Nation – APGA Bauch Bauchi Feb. 3rd 1976 Pearl of Tourism – PDP Bayelsa Yenegoa Oct. 1st 1996 Glory of all Lands Duoye Diri - PDP Benue Makurdi Feb. 3rd 1976 Food Basket of the Nation - PDP Borno Maiduguri May 27th 1991 The Home of Peace Babagana Zulum - APC Cross River Calabar Feb. 3rd 1976 The People’s Paradise Ben Ayade - PDP Delta Asaba Aug. 27th 1991 The Finger of God - PDP Ebonyi Abakaliki Oct. 1st 1996 The Salt of the Nation David Umahi - PDP Edo Benin Aug. 27th 1991 The Heartbeat of the Nation - APC Ekiti Ado-Ekiti Oct. 1st 1996 Land of Honour and Integrity Dr. – APC Enugu Enugu Aug. 27th 1991 The Coal City State Ugwanyi Ifeanyi Lawrence - PDP Gombe Gombe Oct. 1st 1996 Jewel of the Savannah Inuwa Yahaya - APC Imo Owerri Feb.3rd 1967 Easterner Heart Land - APC Jigawa Dutse Aug. 27th 1991 The New World Mohammed Badaru – APC Kaduna Kaduna May 27th 1967 Centre of Learning Nasir El-Rufai – APC Kano Kano May 27th 1991 Centre of Commerce Aboullahi Umar Ganduje – APC Katsina Katsina Sept. 23rd 1987 Home of Hospitality Aminu Masari - APC Kebbi Birni-Kebbi Aug. 27th 1991 Land of Equity Atiku Bugudu - APC Kogi Lokoja Aug. 27th 1991 The Confluence State Yahaya Bello – APC Kwara Ilorin May 27th 1991 State of Harmony Abdularahman Abdulrazaq - APC Lagos Ikeja May 27th 1967 Centre of Excellence Babajide Sanwo-Olu - APC Nasarawa Lafia Oct. 1st 1996 Home of Solid Minerals Abdullahi Bello - APC Niger Minna Feb. 3rd 1976 The Power State Abubakar Sani Bello - APC Ogun Abeokuta Feb.3rd 1976 The Gateway State Dapo Abiodun - APC Ondo Akure Feb. 3rd 1976 The Sunshine State Rotimi Akeredolu - APC Osun Oshogbo Aug. 27th 1991 The State of the Living Spring Gboyega Oyetola - APC Oyo Ibadan May 27th 1967 Pace Setters Seyi Makinde – PDP Plateau Jos May 27th 1967 The Home of Peace & Tourism Simon Bako Lalong – APC Rivers Portharcourt May 27th 1967 Treasure Base of the Nation Nyesom Wike - PDP Sokoto Sokoto May 27th 1967 Seat of the Caliphate Aminu Waziri Tambuwal - PDP Taraba Jalingo Aug. 27th 1991 Nature’s Gift of the Nation Darius Ishaku – PDP Yobe Damaturu Aug. 27th 1991 Pride of the Maimala Buni – APC Zamfara Gusau Oct. 1st 1996 Farming is our pride Bello Mohammed Matawalle - PDP FCT Abuja Dec. 12th 1991 Centre of Unity

STATES IN NIGERIA WITH SAME NAMES AS Shonekan, November 8th, 1993: 70k to ₦5 CAPITAL (6.14%)

Kaduna Kaduna Abacha, November 22nd, 1993: petrol price drops from ₦5 to ₦3.25k (-35%) Sokoto Sokoto Abacha, October 2nd, 1994: ₦3.25k to ₦15 Gombe Gombe (61.54%) Katsina Katsina Abacha, October 4th, 1994: price drops from ₦15 Kano Kano to ₦11 (-26.67%)

Enugu Enugu Abubakar, December, 20th, 1998: ₦11 to ₦25 (127.27%) Bauchi Bauchi Abubakar, January 6th, 1999: ₦25 to ₦20 (-20%) NUBMERS OF ELECTED REPRESENTATIVE IN VARIOUS POLITICAL OFFICES IN NIGERIA Obasanjo, June 1st, 2000: ₦20 to ₦30 (50%)

The President Mr. President Obasanjo, June 8th, 2000: petrol price reduced to ₦22 (-10%) The Governors 36 Governors Obasanjo, January 1st, 2002: ₦22 to ₦26 National Assembly 109 Senators (18.18%)

The Fed. House of Reps 360 0Honourables Obasanjo, June to October, 2003: ₦26 to ₦42 Local Government 774 Chairmen (23.08%)

Councilors 8540 Councillors Obasanjo, May 29th, 2004: ₦50 (19.05%)

HISTORY OF FUEL PRICE INCREASE IN NIGERIA Obasanjo, August 25th, 2004: ₦65 (30%)

GOWON, 1973: 6K to 8.45k (40.8%) Obasanjo, May 27th, 2007: ₦75 (15.38%)

Murtala, 1976: 8.45K to 9k (0.59%) Yar’Adua, June 2007: ₦65 (-15.38%)

Obasanjo, October 1st, 1978: 9k to 15.3k (70%) Jonathan, January 1st, 2012: ₦141

Shagari, April 20th, 1982: 15.3k to 20k (30.71%) Jonathan, January 17th, 2012: ₦97

Babangida, March 31st, 1986: 20k to 39.5k Jonathan, 2015: ₦97 to ₦87 (97.5%) Buhari, 2015: ₦87 to ₦86.50k th Babangida, April 10 , 1988: 39.5k to 42k (6.33%) Buhari, 2016: ₦86.50k to ₦145 st Babangida, January 1 , 1989: 42k to 60k private NOTE: Yar’Adua was the only leader who did not vehicles increase rather he reduced petrol price from ₦75 Babangida, December 19th, 1989: moved to to ₦65 while Buhari reduced and later increased uniform price of 60k (42.86%) the price again.

Babangida, March 6th, 1991: 60k to 70k (16.67%)

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ORGANISATION • Organization of Petroleum Exporting OF PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC) Countries (OPEC) • New Partnership for African The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Development Countries (OPEC) was founded in Baghdad, Iraq with the signing of an agreement in September SENATE PRESIDENT SINCE 1960 10 – 14, 1960 by five countries namely , Iraq, Kuwait, and Venezuela. 1. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe 1960 2. Dr. 1960 – 1966 These countries were later joined by Qatar 3. Dr. 1979 – 1983 (1961), Indonesia (1962), Libya (1962), the 4. Dr. 1992 – 1993 United Arab Emirates (1967), Algeria (1969), 5. Anech Ebute 1993 – 1993 Nigeria (1971), (1973), Gabon (1975) 6. Chief 1999 – 1999 and Angola (2007). From December 1992 until 7. Dr. 1999 – 2000 October 2007 Ecuador suspended its 8. Chief Pius Anyim 2003 – 2005 membership in 1995. Indonesia suspended its 9. Chief 2003 – 2005 membership January 2009. 10. Chief 2005 – 2007 11. Chief 2007 – 2015 Currently, the organization has a total of 12 12. 2015 – 2019 member countries. 13. Ahmed Lawan – incumbent OPEC had its headquarters in Geneva SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Switzerland, in the First 5 years of its existence. SINCE 1960 This was moved to Vienna, Austia on September 1st, 1965. 1. Ibrahim Waziri Gombe 2. Mr. Benjamin A. Chacha Its mandate is to co-ordinate and unify 3. Chief Edwin Ume-Ezeoke petroleum policies among member countries in 4. Mr. Agunwa Anaekwe order to secure fair and stable prices for 5. Buhari Salisu petroleum produces, an efficient, consuming 6. Dr. Umar Ghali Na-Abba nations; and a fair return on capital to those 7. Alh. investing in the industry. 8. Mrs. Patricia Olubunmi Etteh Official Language of OPEC: English 9. Mr. Saburi 10. Aminu Waziri Tambuwal President: Dr. Mohammed Bin Saleh (Qatar) 11. Secretary Gen. – Dr. Mohammed Sanusi 12. Femi Gbajabiamila – incumbent Barkindo (Nigeria) DATES AND EVENTS OF WORLD POLITICS MAIN INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION THAT 1. In 1776, America became the first NIGERIA BELONGS independent country. • Economic Community of West Africa 2. In 1798, the Republic of Switzerland was States (ECOWAS) formed. • United Nations Organization (UNO) 3. In 1961, South African withdrew from • Common Wealth of Nations (CON) Common Wealth. • African Union (AU) 4. In 1903, Federick Lugard occupied Sokoto • Group 77 (G77) State of Nigeria.

5. In 1902, Empire day was celebrated in • Rodolphe William Seeldrayers: Belgium Britain. 1954-1955 6. In 1832, Greece became independent • Arthur Drewry: England 1955-1961 Republic. • Sir Stanley Rous: 1961-1974 7. In 1928, England lowered the women voters • Joao Havelange: Brazil 1974-1998 from 30 to 21 years. • Joseph S. Blatter: Switzerland 1998-2016 8. In 1978, Fedric D. George was the first Africa- • Gianni Infantino: Switzerland 2016 to date American shuttle commander. - World cup started in 1930 in Uruguay. 9. In 1959, Empire day was renamed as - The first world cup goal was scored by Common Wealth Day in England. Lucent Lawrent of France, in his team 4-1 10. In 1893, Thomas F. Bayard became the first win over mexico in 1930. US ambassador to Great Britain. - Football was first played in Nigeria in Calabar 11. In 1967, First BIAFRAN Government was in 1930. formed by Odumegu Ojukwu declared - The National Stadium in Surulere Lagos was independence from Nigeria. officially opened on 4th December 1972. 12. In 1912, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa was - FIFA World footballer of the year Luka born. He became a Prime Minister in 1957, Modric, Croatian, Club – Real Madrid. th 1960 and 1964. He was killed on January 15 - The Africa Best footballer of the year – 1966 in Nigeria first Military coup. Mohammed Salah (). 13. In 1914, Lord Lugard amalgated Northern - The largest Stadium in the world is the and Southern Nigeria. Maracana stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 14. In 1905, the White won right to vote in South which can accommodate over 245,000 Africa. people. 15. In 1914, the first South Africa Government - The President of Confederation of African was approved. Football (CAF) is Ahmed Ahmed from 16. The First Country to get independence in Madagascar. Africa is Liberia in 1847. - Rasheed Yekini was the first to score Nigeria ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NIGERIAN ARMED world cup goal in USA in 1994. FORCES - The first Nigeria female to win Olympic gold medal is Chioma Ajunwa, in 1996 Nigeria Army - 1863 Olympics. - France defeated Croatia 4-2 goals emerging Nigeria Police - 1930 the winner of the 2018 world cup hosted by Nigeria Narvy - 1956 Russia.

Nigeria Air force - 1964 MULTIPLE

SPORT 1. Two Babies Born together are twins 2. Three Babies Born together are triplet FIFA PRESIDENTS FROM MAY 21ST 1904 TO 3. Four Babies Born together are DATE quadruplets • Robert Guerin: France 1904-1908 4. Five Babies Born together are • Daniel Burley Woolfall: 1906-1913 quintuplets • Jules Rimet: France 1921-1954 5. Six Babies Born together are sextuplets

6. Seven Babies Born together are • General Murtala Mohammed increased septuplets the states from 12 to 19 on the 3rd of 7. Siamese twins are two babies born February 1976. together but not properly separated. • On the 23rd of September, 1987 Gen. Ibrahim B. Babangida created 2 THE 7 CONTINENTS additional states, Katsina and Akwa- 1. Africa Ibom to make the states 21. 2. North America • General Ibrahim B. Babangida recreated 3. South America 9 states, making 30 states on 27th August 4. Asia 1991. 5. Atlantica • On 1st Oct. 1996, Gen. Sani Abacha 6. Europe announced 6 states making 36 and the 7. Australia FCT Abuja.

THE PLANETS AND THEIR DISTANCE FROM THE NIGERIA STANDARD DAILLING CODES SUN EXCHANGE CODE 1. Satum (1,426M KM) Abia 082 2. Pluto (5,908) 3. Earth (150M KM) Abakaliki 043 4. Mars (229M KM) 5. Uranus (2,867M KM) 6 Mercury (58M Abeokuta 039 KM) Abuja 09 6. Mercury (58M KM) 7. Jupiter (770M KM) Ado-Ekiti 030 8. Neptune (4,459M KM) Agbor 055 9. Venus (108M KM) Akure 034 SHORTEST/TALLEST PEOPLE IN THE WORLD Azure 071 1. The shortest man in the world is Chandra Bahadur Dangi (Nepalese Mountain btw Badagry 01 India & China) 21.5 inches tall. Bauchi 077 2. The shortest woman in the world is Jyoti Amge (India) measuring 2ft 0.7 inches 052 tall. Calabar 087 3. The tallest man in the world is Sultan Kosen (Turkey) measuring 8ft 3 inches Daura 065 tall. 4. The tallest woman in the world is Siddiqa Enugu 042 Parveen (India) meeting 7ft 8 inches. Ibadan 022

STATE CREATION IN NIGERIA Ijebu-Ode 037

• General created 12 Ikorodu 01 states in Nigeria on 27th May 1967. Ilesha 036

Ilorin 031 3. Chief Michael Ani 2nd Republic 1979- 1993 Kaduna 062 4. Ovie Whiskey 2nd Republic Kano 064 5. Prof. Eme Awa 3rd Republic 1988-1993 6. Prof. Humphrey Nwosu 3rd Republic Katsina 065 7. Dagogo Jack 4th Republic 1995-1999 Lagos 01 8. Ephraim Akpata 4th Republic 1998-1999 9. Dr. 4th Republic 1999- Lokoja 058 2006 th Maiduguri 076 10. Prof. 4 Republic 2006- 2010 Okitipupa 066 11. Prof. 4th Republic 2010- 2015 Ondo 059 12. Mrs. Amina Zakari 4th Republic 2015- Onitsha 043 2015 13. Prof. Mahmood Yakubu 4th Republic Owerri 083 Incumbent Owo 046 FAMOUS INVENTORS AND THEIR INVENTIONS Port Harcourt 084 INVENTOR INVENTION YEAR Sapele 054 Prof. David Edward Microphone 1878 Shagamu 037 John L. Baid Television 1926 Sokoto 060 Graham Bell Telephone 1861 Warri 053 Galilei Galileo Thermometer 1593 Yola 075 Thomas Edison Phonograph 1845 OLDEST COUNTRIES Karl Benze Car 1780 San Marino (301 AD) Edward Bullet Motorcycle 1884 France (486 AD) Elia Thompson Weeding Machine 1877 Bulgaria (632 AD) William Stanley Transformer 1864 Denmark (950 AD) Blaise Pascal Adding Machine 1642 Portugal (1143 AD) Sir Charles Ship 1775 NAMES OF INEC CHAIRMAN IN NIGERIA SINCE Krick Macmillan Bicycle 1888 1964 TO DATE Mitterhofer typewriter 1456 1. Sir Kofo Abayomi 1st Republic 1984- 1966 George Eastern Photograh 1849 2. Mr. E. E. Esua 1st Republic Film (Kodak Camera)

Rick Kellogg Loud Speaker 1973 Southern (20,327,000 sq km)

Orville & Wilbur Wright Airplane 1903 NOTE: The Southern Ocean was approved in 2002 by the international Hydrographic G. Stephen/Richard Locomotive engine 1804 Organisation. Sir Frank Whittle Jet Machine 1937 HISTORY OF NIGERIAN CURRENCY Richard Gatting Machine Gun 1861 The Ten Naira was introduced on the 1st of Jan. Thomas J. Martins Fire Extinguisher 1872 1973, replacing the pound at a rate of 2 Naira = 1 Pound. Johann Guterberg Printing 1609 In Jan. 1st 1973, the CBN introduced notes for 50 Willis Carrier Air Condition 1902 kobo, 1, 5, 10 and 20 Naira and Coins of ½ 1, 5, NEWEST COUNTRIES 10 and 25 Kobo.

South Sudan (9th July, 2011) On 11th Feb., 1977 a new banknote denomination of the value of 20 Naira was Montenegro (July, 2006) issued. The 20 Naira is the first currency note to Serbia (July, 2006) bear the portrait of a Nigerian citizen that is Late Head of State, Gen. Murtala Ramat Mohammed. East Timor (2002) On 2nd Julyy 1979, new currency notes of three Palau (1994) denominations, namely 1, 5 and 10 Naira were introduced in 1991, both the 50kobo and 1 Naira Czech Republic (1993) notes became coined. Eritrea (1993) Dec. 1st 1999 - ₦100 Bosnia/Herzegovina (1992) Nov. 1st 2000 - ₦200 NOTABLE WORLD MOUNTAINS April 2nd 2001 - ₦500 Mt. Everrest (2903ft) Nepal/China Oct. 12th 2005 - ₦1000 were introduced Qoqir (k2) (2825ft) Pakistan respectively.

Kangchenjungai (28168 ft) Nepal On Feb. 28th 2007, ₦50, ₦20, ₦10, ₦5 were reissued with a new design, while a new Hotse (27720ft) Nepal denomination of …. Were introduced. Makalu I (27720ft) Nepal CLASSIFICATION OF AFRICA Cho Oyu (26906ft) Nepal Dhaulagiri 1. NORTH AFRICA: Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, OCEANS OF THE WORLD (BY SIZE) Morocco, Egypt. 2. SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa, Pacific (155,557,000 sq km) Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Atlantic (76,762,00 sq km) Mozambique, Botswana, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia. Indian (68,556,000 sq km) 3. EAST AFRICA: , Uganda, Tanzania, Arctic (14,056,000 sq km) Sudan, Ethiopia

4. WEST AFRICA: Nigeria, Republic fo 12. Freedom of assembly Benin, , , Niger, Ivory Coast, 13. Right to vote and to be voted for in an Cape Verde, Liberia, Burkinafaso, Mali, Election. Sierra-Loene, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, 14. Right to education Gambia, Senegal, Mauritania. 15. Right to private family life. 5. CENTRAL AFRICA: Chad, Central Africa THE REGISTERED POLITICAL PARTIES OF Republic, Congo D.R, Rwanda, Burundi, NIGERIA Gabon, Angola, Cameroun, Equitorial Guinea, Sao Tome Principe. 1. Accord – A 2. Advanced Congress of Democrat – ACD NIGERIA COAT OF ARM 3. African Democratic Congress - ADC Representation of Components 4. African Renaissance Party – ARP 5. All Progressive Congress – APC - The Black Shield represents the fertile 6. All Progressive Grand Alliance – APGA soil of Nigeria. 7. Alliance for Democracy – AD - The Eagle represents the Stength of 8. Allied Congress Party of Nigeria – ACPN Nigeria. 9. Change Advocacy Party – CAP - The Two Horses stands for Dignity and 10. Citizen Popular Party – CPP Pride. 11. Democratic Alternative – DA - The Y represent River Niger and River 12. Democratic Front for People’s Fed. – Benue. DFPF THE NIGERIAN FLAG 13. Kowa Party – KP 14. – LP The Nigerian flag has two colours (Green and 15. Masses Movement of Nigeria – MMN White) 16. Mega Progressive People’s Party – MPPP - The Green part represents Agriculture. 17. Movement of the Restoration & Defence - The White part represents Unity and of Democracy – MRDD Peace. 18. National Action Council – NAC 19. National Conscience Party – NCP RIGHT OF A CITIZEN IN A STATE 20. National Democratic Liberty Party – 1. Right to life NDLP 2. Equality before the law 21. National Democratic Party – NDP 3. Right to liberty 22. National Unity Party – NUP 4. Right to association 23. New Nigeria People’s Party – NNPP 5. Freedom from slavery 24. Nigeria Element Progressive Party – 6. Right to fair hearing NEPP 7. A suspect is assumed to be innocent 25. Nigeria People’s Congress – NPC until pronouncement guilty by court of 26. People for Democratic Change – PDC law. 27. Peoples Democratic Party – PDP 8. Freedom from discrimination 28. People’s Party of Nigeria – PPN 9. Right to religion of choice and 29. Progressive People Alliance – PPA conscience. 30. United Democratic Party – UDP 10. Freedom of Expression. 31. United National Party for Development 11. Freedom of movement – UNPD

THE 28 DE-REGISTERED POLITICAL PARTIES BY ₦20.00, March 1975 INEC ARE AS FOLLOWS: • Wazobia (three Ethnic groups) ₦50.00, 27th August 1991 1. Action Alliance – AA • Chief Obafemi Awolowo 2. Action Party of Nigeria – APN ₦100.00, Nov. 1999 3. African Liberation Party – ALP • Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe 4. African Political System – APS ₦500.00, Nov. 2000 5. Better Nigeria Progressive Party – BNPP Alhaji Aliyu Mai-Borno & Dr. Clement 6. Congress for Democratic Change – CDC • Isong 7. Community Party of Nigeria – CPN ₦1000.00, 12th Oct. 2005 8. Democratic People Alliance – DPA 9. Freedom Party of Nigeria – FPN BRIEF HISTORY OF THE NEW 10. – FDP 11. Hope Democratic Party – HDP Born on October 20, 1953, Crown Prince 12. Justice Party – JP (Ambassador) Eheneden , He 13. Liberal Democratic Party of Nigeria – attended the famous Edo College in Benin from LDPN 1965 to 1967. He later went to Immaculate 14. Movement for Democracy and Justice – Conception College between 1968 and 1979 MDJ before moving to England, where he obtained 15. Movement for the Restoration and his Advanced Level General Certificated of Defence of Democracy – MRDD Education from South Thames College, South- 16. National Majority Democratic Party – West London. NMDP He holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in 17. National Movement of Progressive Party Economics from the University of Wales, United – NMPP Kingdom. He holds a Master of Public 18. National Reformation Party – NRP Administration Degree from Rutger University, 19. National Solidarity Democratic Party – Graduate School, New Jersey, United States of NSDP America. Between 1981, 1982, he was at the 20. New Democrat – ND United Nations as a graduate Intern. He is 21. National Advanced Party – NAP equally a member of the Nigerian Institute of 22. People’s Mandate Party – PMP International Affairs. 23. People’s Progressive Party – PPP 24. People’s Redemption Party – PRP On 20th of October 2016, His Royal Highness, 25. People Salvation Party – PSP Eheneden Erediauwa, emerged the 40th Oba of 26. Progressive Action Congress – PAC Benin Kingdom. He also announced the name he 27. Republican Party of Nigeria – RPN had chosen to bear as Oba II, and would 28. United Nigeria People’s Party – UNPP be addressed as Omo N’Oba N’Edo Uku Akpolokpolo, Oba Ewuare II, after Oba Ewuare I, NAME OF PERSONALITIES IMMORTALIZED IN who reigned in 1440AD. THE NIGERIAN CURRENCIES ORIGIN OF THE • Alhaji Sir. Tafawa Balewa ₦5.00, Oct. 1984 The Nigeria Police was founded in 1930, • Dr. Alvan Ikoku its origin is traceable to 1861 when it was first ₦10.00, Oct. 1985 known as the “Consular Guard” with an initial • Gen. Murtala Muhammed strength of 30 men. The Nigeria Police was called

the Consular Guard because the representative 21. Mr. T.A. Balogun, Inspector Gen. – 2002- of the British Government was Consul John 2005 Beecroff. 22. Mr. Sunday Ehindaro, Inspector Gen. – 2005-2007 THE NIGERIAN POLICE 1930 TILL 23. Mr. Mike Okiro, Inspector Gen. – 2007- DATE 2009 1. Mr. C.W. D, Inspector Gen. – 1930–1935 24. Ogbonna Onovo, Inspector Gen. – 2009- 2. Mr. S.H. Trutham, Inspector Gen. – 1935- 2010 1936 25. Hafiz Ringim, Inspector Gen. – 2010-2012 3. Major A. S, Inspector Gen. – 1936-1937 26. Mohammed D. Abubakar, Inspector Gen. – 4. Col. A.S. Mavrogosdate, Commissioner – 2012-2014 1938-1942 27. Suleiman Abba, Inspector Gen. – 2014- 5. Mr. W.C. King, Commissioner – 1942-1947 2015 6. Mr. T.V.M. Friday, Commissioner – 1948- 28. Solomon Arase, Inspector Gen. – 2015- 1949 2016 7. Sir. Ivor Stourton, Commissioner – 1950- 29. , Inspector Gen. – 2016-2019 1952 30. Abubakar Adamu Mohammed, Inspector 8. Mr. R.J.R. Madaughian, Inspector Gen. – Gen. – 2019 till date. 1952-1956 BADGES & RANK OF THE NIGERIAN POLICE 9. Sir. Kerr Bovell, Inspector Gen. – 1956- FORCE 1962 10. Mr. J.E. Hodge, Inspector Gen. – 1962-1964 DIAGRAM

INDIGENOUS INSPECTOR GENERAL THE NIGERIAN POLICE FLAGE

11. Mr. L.O. Edet, Inspector Gen. – 1964-1966 This flag has three colours (Blue, Yellow, Green) 12. Mr. Kam Salem, Inspector Gen. – 1966- - The Blue symbolizes, Love, Loyalty and 1975 Unity. 13. Mr. M.D. Yusuf, Inspector Gen. – 1975- - The Yellow is for Discipline and 1979 Resourcefulness. 14. Mr. Adamu Suleman, Inspector Gen. – - The Green represents Energy and Life. 1979-1981 15. Mr. S.A. Adewusi, Inspector Gen. – 1981- NIGERIA MILITARY RANKS, INSIGNIAS AND 1983 EQUIVALENTS NON-COMMISSION OFFICERS 16. Mr. E.O. Inyang, Inspector Gen. – 1983- (NCO) 1986 17. Mr. M. Gambo, Inspector Gen. – 1986- DIAGRAM 1989 UNITED NATIONS 18. Aliyu Ibrahim Atta, Inspector Gen. – 1990- th 1993 1. United Nation was established on 24 19. Mr. Ibrahim A. Coomassie, Inspector Gen. October 1945 following the signing of an - 1993-1999 international treaty of peace and co- 20. Mr. M. A. K. Smith, Inspector Gen. – 1999- operation by fifty-one independent 2002 nations.

2. The treaty that established united 9. Ban Ki-Moon of South Korea – 2006- nations was signed in San Francisco in 2016 U.S.A. 10. Antonio Guterres of Portugal – 3. UN has 193 member’s countries. Incumbent. 4. The five (5) permanent members of UNO HEADQUARTERS/SECRETARIAT OF WORLD security council are USA, Russia, Britain, ORGANIZATIONS France and China. 5. The headquarter of UNO is New York, • The United Nations Organization (UNO) U.S.A. – New York 6. The current UN Secretary Gen. – Antonio • Economic Community of West African Guterres (Portugal). States (ECOWAS) – Abuja, Nigeria 7. The Current Deputy UN Sec. Gen. Amina • African Union (AU) – Addis Ababa Mohammed (Nigeria). • Federation of International Football SPECIALIZED AGENCIES OF THE UNITED NATION Association (FIFA) Zurich, Switzerland. (UN) • European Economic Community (EEC) – , Belgium. • World Health Organization (WHO). • United Nations Children Fund or United ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN Nations International Children STATE Education Fund (UNICEF). ECOWAS was established on May 28th 1975 with • United Nations Education, Scientific and Headquarters in Abuja. Cultural Organization (UNESCO). • United Nations High Commission for ORGANS OF ECOWAS Refugees (UNCHCR). 1. Assembly of heads of State and • United Nations Development Project Government (UNDP). 2. Council of Ministers • United Nations Conference on Trade and 3. The secretariat Development (UNCTAD). 4. The tribunal • International Labour Organization (ILO).

• Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO).

UNITED NATIONS SECRETARY GENERALS

1. Gladwyn Jebb of United Kingdom – 1945-1946 2. Trygve Lie of Norway – 1946-1953 3. Dag Hammarskjold of Sweden – 1953- 1961 4. U. Thant of Burma (Myanmar) – 1961- 1971

5. Kurt Waldhelm of Austria – 1971-1981 6. Jevier Persde Celler of – 1982-1992 7. Boutros Ghali of Egypt – 1993-1996

8. Kofi Anan of Ghana – 1996-2006

PAST AND PRESENT CHAIRMEN OF ECOWAS YEAR NAME COUNTRY 1977 Gen. Gnassingbe Eyadema Togo 1978 Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo Nigeria 1979 Leopoid Sedar Senghor Senegal 1980 Gen. Gnassingbe Eyadema Togo 1981 Dr. Siaka Stevens Sierra Leone 1982 Matheu Kerekou Benin 1983 Ahmmed Sekou Toure Guinea 1984 Lansana Conte Guinea 1985 Gen. Mohammadu Buhari Nigeria 1986/1988 Gen. Nigeria 1989 Alh. Dawda Jawara 1990 Capt. Blaise Campaore Burkinafaso 1991 Alh. Dawda Jawara 1992 Alh. Abdou Diouf Senegal 1993 Nicephore Dieudonne Soglo Benin 1994/1995 Fit. Lt. Jerry Rawlings Ghana 1996/1998 Gen. Sanni Abacha Nigeria 1998/1999 Gen. Abdulsalami Abubakar Nigeria 1999 Gen. Gnassingbe Eyadema Togo 1999/2001 Alfa Omar Konare Mali 2001/2003 Abdoulaye Wade Senegal 2003/2005 John Kuffuor Ghana 2005/2008 Mamadou Tandja Niger 2008 Blaise Compaore Burkinafaso 2009 Musa Yar’Adua Nigeria 2010/2012 Goodluck Jonathan Nigeria 2012/2014 Alassane Quattara Ivory Coast 2014/2016 John Dramani Mahama Ghana 2016/2017 Macky Sall Senegal 2017/2018 Mr. Faure Gnassingbe Togo 2018/2019 Muhammadu Buhari Nigeria 2019 to date Muhammadu Issoufou Niger

MEMBERS OF COMMONWEALTH COUNTRIES Pakistan 1947

AFRICA Singapore 1965

COUNTRIES DATE JOINED Sri Lanka 1948

Zambia 1964 Canada 1931

Uganda 1962 OCEANIA

Tanzania 1961 COUNTRIES DATE JOINED

Swaziland 1961 Australia 1931

South Africa 1931 Kiribati 1979

Sierra Leone 1961 Nauru 1968

Seychelles 1976 New Zealand 1975

Nigeria 1960 Papus New Guienea 1975

Namibia 1990 Samoa 1970

Mozambique 1995 Solomon Islands 1978

Mauritius 1968 Tonga 1970

Malawi 1964 Guyana 1966

Lesotho 1966 EUROPE

Kenya 1963 COUNTRIES DATE JOINED

Ghana 1957 Cyprus 1961

Gambia 1965 Malta 1964

Cameroun 1995 UK 1931

Botswana 1966 NORTH AMERICA

Tuvalu 1978 COUNTRIES DATE JOINED

ASIA Antigua Barbuda 1981

COUNTRIES DATE JOINED Bahamas 1973

Bangladesh 1972 Barbados 1966

Brunei 1984 Belize 1981

India 1947 Dominica 1978

Malaysia 1957 Grenada 1974

Maldives 1982 Jamaica 1962

Saintkitts & Nevis 1983 6. Mrs Patricia Etteh was the first female Speaker, House of Representative. Saint Lucia 1979 7. Ellen Johnson Sir Leaf is the first female Grenadine President in Africa. Elected President and was sworn in on Jan. 16th 2006 Trinidad Tobago 1962 (Liberia). SOUTH AMERICA 8. Miss Felix Stella is the first female to Travel to the space at age of 17 years on COUNTRIES DATE JOINED Sept. 2006. Vanuatu 1980 9. Mrs Elfrida Adeho is the first female Professor. ORGANIZATION OF AFRICA UNION (OAU) NOW 10. Mrs L. Okunnu is the first female Deputy AU Governor of Lagos State. 11. Mrs Bola Bello is the first female tanker OAU was established 25th May, 1963 in Addis driver. Ababa consisting of 54 African States. It was later 12. Mrs. Efunroye Tunubu is the first female changed to African Union (AU) 9th July 2002 in to own a car. South Africa. The most important decisions of 13. Mrs. Dr. Elizabeth Awoniyi Abimbola was the AU are made by the assembly of the Africa the first female Doctor in Nigeria. Union. MEN ACHIEVERS NOTE: The only African State not in the AU is Morocco. 1. Dr.Nnamdi Azikiwe is a nationalist and the first President of Nigeria. ORGANS OF (OAU) 2. Herbert McCauley is the founding father 1. The Assembly of Heads of State of Nigeria Nationalist Movement. Government 3. Alh. Tafawa Balewa is a Nationalist and 2. The Council of Ministers the first Prime Minister of Nigeria. 3. The General Secretariat 4. Chief Obafemi Awolowo is a nationalist 4. The Commission for mediation, and the first Premier of Western Region. conciliation and arbitration. 5. is the first nobel prize winner in literature. WOMEN ACHIEVERS 6. The first Nigerian to gain Ph.d in 1. First female Vice Chancellor of Mathematics is Dr. Chike Obi. University of Benin is Prof. Grace Alele 7. Goodluck Jonathan is the first South Williams of Uniben. South Presient in Nigeria. 2. Marry Slessor was the female missionary 8. The first slave boy in Africa to become a who stopped the killing of twins in Bishop was Bishop Ajayi Crowder. Calabar. 9. The first Africa Television Broadcaster is 3. The first female Brigadier in Nigeria is Segun Olusola. Ronke Kale. 10. Aliko Dangote is the first non-political 4. Mrs. Bisi Ugowe was the first female office holder to be given GCON in deputy Inspector General of Police. Nigeria. 5. Mrs Vigina Etiaba was the first female 11. Oba of Benin City was the first Government fof Anambra State, Nigeria. person to speak foreign language

(Portuguese) in Nigeria in 1503 and he was crowned Oba of Benin in 1504.

12. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe was the first Premier of Defunct Eastern Region. 13. Alhaji Ahmadu Bello was the first Premier of Defunct Western Region. 14. Chief Dennis Osadebe was the first Premier of Defunct Mid-Western Region. 15. Chief Anyaoku was the first Nigeria Secretary General of the CommonWealth Nations.

THE TEN NATIONAL HONOURS IN NIGERIA

GCFR – Grand Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.

GCON – Grand Commander of the Order of the

Niger.

CFR – Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.

CON – Commander of the Order of the Niger.

OFR – Officer of the Order of the Federal Republic.

OON – Office of the Order of the Niger.

MFR – Member of the Order of the Federal

Republic.

MON – Member of the Order of the Niger.

FRM – Federal Republic Medal

ONM – Order of the Niger Medal.

Since the inception of National award in 1963, 4,700 people have been so far conferred with the awards.

14th Nov., 2011 Alh. Aliko Dangote became the first non-political office holder to be given the award of GCON in Nigeria.

PAST WINNERS OF THE (CAF) AFRICA CUP OF NATION YEAR HOSTS WINNERS 1957 Sudan Egypt 4-0 Ethiopia 1959 Egypt Egypt 2-1 Sudan 1963 Ghana Ghana 3-0 Sudan 1965 Tunisia Ghana 3-2 Tunisia 1967 Ethiopia DR Congo 1-0 Ghana 1970 Sudan Sudan 1-0 Ghana 1972 Cameroun Congo 3-2 Uganda 1974 Egypt Zaire 2-0 Zambia (After Replay) 1976 Ethiopia Morocco (League Format) 1978 Ghana Ghana 2-0 Uganda 1980 Nigeria Nigeria 3-0 Algeria 1982 Libya Ghana 1-1 Libya (7-6 Penalties) 1984 Ivory Coast Cameroun 3-1 Nigeria 1986 Egypt Egypt 0-0 Cameroun (5-4 Penalties) 1988 Morocco Cameroun 1-0 Nigeria 1990 Algeria Algeria 1-0 Nigeria 1992 Senegal Ivory Coast 0-0 Ghana (11-10 Penalties) 1994 Tunisia Nigeria 2-1 Zambia 1996 South Africa South Africa 2-0 Tunisia 1998 Burkina Faso Egypt 2-0 South Africa 2000 Ghana/Nigeria Cameroun 2-2 Nigeria (3-2 Penalties) 2002 Mali Cameroun 0-0 Senegal (3-2 Penalties) 2004 Tunisia Tunisia 2-1 Morocco 2006 Egypt Egypt 0-0 Ivory Coast (4-2 Penalties) 2008 Ghana Egypt 1-0 Cameroun 2010 Angola Egypt 1-0 Ghana 2012 Gabon/Equitorial Guinea Zambia 0-0 Ivory Coast (8-7) 2013 South Africa Nigeria 1-0 Burkina Faso 2015 Equitoria Guinea Ivory Coast 0-0 Ghana (9-8 Penalties) 2017 Gabon Egypt 1-2 Cameroun 2019 Egypt Senegal 0-1 Algeria

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE WORLD Hilton Hotel in Los Angeles on Saturday 11th Feb. 2012. At aged 48. • The World War I • Jorge Mario Begoglio, an Argentine born Started in 1914 and Ended in 1918. The December 17, 1936 now Pope Francis countries that mostly involved in the war the 1st First Latin America, first non- were Germany, Austria, Hungary and european pope to be elected by their allies against Britain. conclave of cardinals on 13th March World War II 2013. Began on Sept. 1st, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland. In response, • The most populated city in the world is Britain and France declared war on Tokyo in Japan (City of Love). Germany. Most of the Europe countries • The Head of Commonwealth Nations is were controlled by Germany in 1914, Queen Elizabeth II of England. including France. During the World War • The first University in the world is Al- II, Adolph Hitler succeeded in killing over Azhear University in Cairo in Egypt, six million European Jews; this gruesome founded in 970AD. killing was called Holocaust. The war MILITARY COUPS IN NIGERIA SINCE ended on the 8th of May 1945 when INDEPENDENCE Germany surrounded. - Jan. 15th 1966 led by Maj. Emmanuel • The Golf War Ifeajuna & Nzeogwu Kaduna. Persian Golf War started 2nd August 1990 - July 29th 1966 led by Gen. Yakubu Gowon between Iraq and a coalition force 35 - July 29th 1975 led by Gen. Murtala nations authorized by the United Nation Mohammed. (UN) and led primarily by the United - Feb. 13th 1976 led by Col. Buka Dimka States in order to liberate Kuwait. The - Dec. 31st 1983 led by Gen. Muhammadu War ended 28th February 1991. Buhari. • Sadam Hussein, former Iraqi President - Aug. 27th 1985 led by Gen Ibrahim Babangida and a terror to humanity died by hanging - 1986 led by Maj. Gen. Mamman Vasta but on Sat. Dec. 2006 at Baghdad, Iraq, Aged Failed. 69. - 1990 led by Maj. Gideon Orkar but also failed • UN Sec. Gen. – Antonio Guterres - Nov. 17th 1993 led by Gen. Sanni Abacha (Portugal) born 1949. - 1995 led by Gen. Shehu Musa Yar’Adua & • Commonwealth Sec. Gen. – Kamalesh Olusegun Obasanjo. Sharma (India) - Dec. 21st 1997 led by Lt. Gen. • British Prime Minister – Boris Johnson and 35 others. • World Bank President – David Malpass • IMF Managing Director is Christain WORDS RELATING TO SCIENCE AND ARTS Lagarde. 1. The art of tilling the soil - AGRICULTURE • AU Chairman – Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi – 2. The art of cultivating and managing Egypt President. Gardens – HORTICULTURE • The country with the highest rate of 3. The study of Ancient buildings and unemployment in the world is Bosnia prehistoric remains – ARCHAEOLOGY Herzegovina 4. The science of numbers – • The most populated country in the world MATHEMATICS is the People’s Republic of China. 5. The art of measuring land – SURVEYING Population over 2 Billion. 6. The study of human face – • Pop Legend, Whitney Houston was PHYSIOGNOMY found dead in her room at the Beverly

7. The study of physical life or living matter DAMS IN NIGERIA – BIOLOGY 1. Kainji Dam (Niger State). 8. The study of plants – BOTANY 2. Bakore Dam (Katsina State) 9. The natural history of animals – 3. Dadin Kowa Dam (Gombe State) ZOOLOGY 4. Tungerm Kowa Dam (Niger State) 10. The art of preserving skins - TAXIDERMY 5. Tiga Dam (Kano State) WORDS RELATING TO GOVERNMENT 6. Jibiye Dam (Katsina State) 7. Goronya Dam (Sokoto State) 1. Government of the people, for the 8. Ikpoba Dam (Edo State) people and by the people – DEMOCRACY 9. Kafi Zaki Dam () 2. Government by sovereign of 10. Shiroro Dam (Niger State) uncontrolled authority – AUTOCRACY 3. Government by department of state – BUREAUCRACY

4. Government by a few – OLIGARCHY 5. Government by divine guidance – THEOCRACY 6. Government by military class – STATOCRACY 7. The right of self-government - AUTONOMY 8. Government by worst citizens – KAKISTOCRACY MAIN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS THAT NIGERIA BELONGS

- United Nations Organization (UNO)

- Common Wealth of Nations (CON) - African Union (AU) - Economic Community of West Africa

State (ECOWAS) - New Partnership for African Development Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

SEA PORTS IN NIGERIA

Tincan Island Sea Port Lagos

Apapa Sea Port Lagos

Calabar Sea Port Calabar

Port Harcourt Sea Port Rivers State

Warri Sea Port Delta

Sapele Sea Port Delta

Eleme Sea Port Rivers State

Onne Port Rivers State

AFRICA COUNTRIES & PRESIDENT SN COUNTRIES CAPITAL PRESIDENT YEAR OF IND. CURRENCY EX-MASTERS 1 Algeria Algiers Abdelaziz Bouteflika 3rd July 1962 Diner France 2 Angola Luanda Eduardo dos Santos 11th Nov. 1975 Kwanza Portugal 3 Benin Republic Cotonou Yayi Boni 1St Aug. 1960 Franc France 4 Botswana Gaborone Khama lan Khama 30th Sept. 1966 Pula UK 5 Burkina Faso Ouagadougou Michael Kafando 5th Sept. 1960 Franc France 6 Burundi Bujumbura Pierre Nkurunziza 1st July 1962 Franc France 7 Cameroun Yaounde Paul Biya 1st Jan 1960 Franc France 8 Cape Verde Praia Pedro Pires 5th July 1975 Escudo France 9 Cent. Afri. Rep. Bangui Catherine Samba-Panza 13th Aug. 1960 Franc France 10 Chad N’Djamena Idris Debi 11th Aug. 1960 Franc France 11 Comoros Moroni Ikililou Dhoinine 5th July 1975 Franc France 12 Congo Brazzaville Denis Nguesso 5th July 1960 Franc France 13 Congo D.R Kinshasa Joseph Kabila 30th June 1960 Franc France 14 Ivory Coast Youmasoukro Alassane Quattara 7th Aug. 1960 Franc France 15 Djibouti Djibouti Omar Guelleh 25th June 1972 Franc France 16 Egypt Cairo Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi 28th Feb. 1922 Pound UK 17 Equatorial Guinea Malabo Teodoro Obiang 12th June 1968 Ekpwate Spain 18 Eritrea Asmara Issaias Afeweriki 24th May 1993 Naife Italy 19 Ethiopia Addis Ababa Sahle-Work Zewde 2000 Years ago Birr No Body 20 Gabon Libreville Ali Bongo 17th Aug. 1960 Franc France 21 Gambia Bangui Yahya Jammeh 18th Feb. 1965 Dalais UK 22 Ghana Accra Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo- 6th March 1957 Cedi UK Addo 23 Guinea Conakry Alpha Conde 2nd Oct. 1961 Ekpwale France 24 Guinea Bissau Bissau Manuel Serifo Nihamadjo 2nd Oct. 1974 Paso Portugal 25 Kenya Nairobi Uhuru Kenyatta 12th Dec. 1963 Shilling UK 26 Lesotho Maseru King Letsie III 4th Oct. 1966 Luti UK 27 Liberia Monrovia George Weah 26th July 1847 Dollar USA 28 Libya Tripoli Mustafa Abdul Jalil 1st Jan. 1952 Dirham Italy 29 Madagascar Antananarivo Andry Rajoelina 26th June 1960 Franc France

30 Malawi Lilongwe Peter Mutharika 6th July 1964 Kwacha UK 31 Mali Bamako Dioncounda Traore 22nd Sept. 1960 Franc France 32 Mauritania Nouakchott Mohammed Ould Abdelaziz 28th Nov. 1968 Eugulya UK 33 Mauritius Port Louis Rajkeswar Purryag 28th Nov. 1968 F/Rupee France 34 Morocco Rabat King Mohammed VI 18th Nov. 1956 Dirhan France 35 Mozambique Maputo Armando Guebuza 25th June 1975 Rupee Portugal 36 Namibia Windhoek Hifikepunye Pohamba 21st Mar. 1990 Dollar Germany 37 Niger Niamey Muhammadu Isufou 3rd Aug. 1958 Franc France 38 Nigeria Abuja Muhammadu Buhari 1st Oct. 1960 Naira UK 39 Rwanda Kigali Paul Kagame 1st July 1962 Franc France 40 Senegal Dakar Macky Sall 20th Aug. 1960 Franc France 41 Sao tome/Pricipe Sao Tome Emmanuel Pinto Da Costa 28th June 1975 Dobre Portugal 42 Seychelles Victoria James Michael 28th June 1976 Dirham Spain 43 Swaziland Mababane King Mswati III 6th Aug. 1958 Litaangen UK 44 Somalia Mogadish Hussan Sheikh Mohamud 26h June 1960 Shilling UK 45 Sudan Khartoun Omar Bashir 18th Jan. 1956 Franc France 46 Sierra Leone Freetown Ernest Bai Koroma 27th April 1994 Leone UK 47 Togo Lome Faure Gnassigbe 13th Aug. 1960 Franc France 48 Tunisia Tunis Beji Caid Essebsi 20th Mar. 1956 Diner France 49 Tanzania Dar El Salaam Jakaya Kikwete 27th April 1964 Shilling UK 50 Uganda Kampala Yoweri Museveni 9th Oct. 1962 Shilling UK 51 Zambia Lusaka Edgar Lungu 24th Oct. 1964 Kwacha UK 52 South Africa Pretoria Cyril Ramaphosa 31st May 1910 Rand Sovereign 53 Zimbabwe Harare Emmerson Mnangagwa 18th April 1980 Pond UK 54 South Sudan Juba Salva Kiir 9th July 2011 Pond Sudan