DOCSLIB.ORG

Research Article Effect of Coal Mining on Springs in the Yushenfu Mining Area of China

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Research Article Effect of Coal Mining on Springs in the Yushenfu Mining Area of China Hindawi Geofluids Volume 2018, Article ID 3564360, 16 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3564360 Research Article Effect of Coal Mining on Springs in the Yushenfu Mining Area of China Li-min Fan,1,2 Tao Li ,1,3 Maoxi Xiang,1,2 Weizhong He,1,2 Boyun Wu,1,2 Jie Peng,1,2 Yonghong Li,1,2 Cheng Li,1,2 Miao-miao Zheng,1,2 Jianping Chen,1,2 Shuai Gao,1,2 Jiangli Du,1,2 and Yiwei Ji1,2 1Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Hazards Mechanism and Control, Xi’an Shaanxi 710054, China 2Shaanxi Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China 3School of Mining & Civil Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, Guizhou 553004, China Correspondence should be addressed to Tao Li; [email protected] Received 3 July 2018; Accepted 1 September 2018; Published 28 October 2018 Guest Editor: Fangtian Wang Copyright © 2018 Li-min Fan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of coal mining on the springs in the Yushenfu mining area of China. The results of two springs and hydrological surveys conducted in 1994 and 2015 were compared to study the occurrence and evolution of springs before and after large-scale mining. The mechanism of spring evolution and ecological effects of domain evolution were analyzed by combined groundwater monitoring and evaluation of coal mining intensity. The results show that the maximum amount of single water inflow of spring with sand infiltration recharge was more than 10 L/s, the total amount of single water inflow of spring with mixed infiltration recharge was the highest, and the ecological effect of spring with loess infiltration recharge was the most significant. In the study area, 2580 springs (group) were distributed with a total flow of 4998.9428 L/s before 1994 and 376 residual springs (group) were present with a total flow of 996.392 L/s in 2015. Large-scale mining decreased the regional groundwater level, thus decreasing the amount of spring water. The high intensity of mining decreased the number of springs (group) and area of water and wetland in the study area. This directly affected the watershed ecology; the ecological degradation was significant. 1. Introduction environment [2, 3] and small-scale mining activities also cause severe damage to the ecosystem [4]. Therefore, in the Water is very important for human life, production, and eco- early stage of coal mining in Western China, some experts logical environment. Springs are the origin of water resources. realized the importance of water resources and environment The occurrence and evolution of springs determine the state in the ecologically fragile mining area [5, 6], proposed the of groundwater and surface water. Therefore, it is important concept of “water-preserved mining” [7, 8], and carried out to study the characteristics of spring water. a series of research [9–19]. Coal mining of China is moving to the west; Western The distribution characteristics and forming conditions China has become the main coal-producing area, accounting of spring in the southern edge of Mu Us Desert were analyzed for 70% of the China’s coal output. However, Western China by Wu and other researchers. Ma and other scholars classified generally lacks water resources and has a fragile ecological the influence degree of coal mining on springs and discussed environment [1]. By studying the effect of coal mining on the influence mechanism of coal mining on springs. In addi- the environment, the scientific community has already made tion, the effect of coal mining on water resources and ecolog- a conclusion: coal mining directly affects the ecological ical environment has been extensively investigated [2, 3, 20]. 2 Geofluids This study analyzed the mechanism of spring evolution produced by the infiltration of sand-covered loess ridge and in the Yushenfu mining area by comparing the evolution of hilly, and (iii) spring group produced by the infiltration of springs in the Yushenfu mining area in northwest China loess ridge and hilly. Notably, the three parts do not include around 21 years ago and combining the study of collapse the distribution area, bedrock valley geomorphology with caused by coal mining. limited infiltration, and geomorphology of the burnt zone. Because the water holding capacity of these strata is limited, 2. Materials the gush of dry season spring mainly comes from the above three parts with a high ecological significance. 2.1. General Situation of the Study Area. The study area, Yushenfu mining area, is located in Shaanxi Province of (1) Spring Produced by Aeolian Landform Infiltration. The ° China. The study area is ~7800 km2, north latitude of 38 10′ Salawusu formation is the main aquifer in the study area. ° ° ° –39 30′ and east longitude of 109 0′–110 60′ (Figure 1). No water barrier is present between the Salawusu and Mu fi The altitude of the study area is ~1200 m, the highest point Us formations, constituting a uni ed loose sand aquifer. It is 1448.7 m, and the lowest point is 932 m. Three types of geo- is generally called the aquifer of Salawusu formation. The morphology are present, namely, aeolian landform, sand- aquifer of Salawusu formation receives the atmospheric pre- fi ff covered loess ridge and hilly, and loess ridge and hilly. cipitation, condensation recharge, rapid in ltration, runo According to the meteorological observation in Yuyang Dis- in the sand layer, enrichment in the low-lying area on the trict, the annual average precipitation is 420.4 mm with the top of Jurassic, and formation of a rich water area. After ff maximum annual rainfall of 565.3 mm and the minimum the erosion of local surface runo to the aquifer, the annual rainfall of 270.8 mm. Precipitation mainly occurred descending spring is excreted and forms the spring group in July to September, accounting for 62.9% of the annual (Figure 2). Because the topography of sandy land is small, precipitation. the number of springs in this area is limited, but the total The Yushenfu mining area is in the Ordos Basin of volume is the largest. fi North China. The geological tectonic is simple. The strata (2) Spring Produced by In ltration of Sand-Covered Loess are from the old to the new: Upper Triassic Yongpoing for- Ridge and Hilly. The area of sand-covered loess ridge and ’ hilly belongs to the transition area of Mu Us Desert and mation (T3y), Yan an formation (J2y), Zhiluo formation Loess Plateau (Figure 2), and the thickness of sand layer is (J2z), Anding formation (J2a) of Middle Jurassic, Lower Cre- relatively limited. Because of the relatively low terrain com- taceous Luohe formation (K1l), Neogene Pliocene series pared with the aeolian landform area, the lateral recharge of Debao formation (N2b), Quaternary Middle Pleistocene groundwater is better owing to aeolian landform infiltration series Lishi formation (Q2l), Quaternary Upper Pleistocene and fluctuation of loess terrain, most of the groundwater is Salawusu formation (Q3s), aeolian deposit (Q4eol), and allu- exposed, and it is easy to contact with the spring spot. The vial deposit (Q4al) of Quaternary Holocene series. The main coal bearing strata are Middle Jurassic Yan’an formation. output of spring is the largest in this area, but this part of − − The main minable seam has 4 layers, of which 2 2 and 4 3 the spring is more sensitive. The instability of underlying − − of the whole area can be mined and 3 1 and 5 3 of the upper aquifer causes its attenuation; at the same time, the decline part can be mined. of groundwater level in the regional loose layer also easily The groundwater in this area is mainly supplied by makes it disappear. atmospheric water. The direction of shallow seepage flow is fi basically consistent with topographic relief. The deep seep- (3) Spring Produced by In ltration of Loess Ridge and Hilly. age flow is basically runoff from northwest to southeast. The loess layer acts as a weak permeable layer. This layer fi The buried depth of groundwater in the western desert beach has a certain in ltration capacity for precipitation, but it is fi area is generally 0~3 m, and it has gradually increased in the very limited compared with the amount of sand in ltration. fi eastern part. The buried depth of groundwater in the loess The loess has better water-holding property; long-term in l- ridge and hilly area is generally greater than 15 m. Ground- tration of water resources occurs in the stratum. After cutting water is mainly in valleys with spring in the form of emis- the loess topography, concentrated discharge of groundwater sion. Groundwater is mainly discharged in the form of occurs in the medium such as the top surface of bedrock or springs in gullies. burned rock, forming the main drainage spring spots of this type of geomorphology. 2.2. Spring Characteristics before Large-Scale Mining 2.2.2. Distribution of the Spring Group. The spring of Mu Us 2.2.1. Hydrological Background of Spring Formation. The Desert is mainly distributed in the east edge of Kuye River, stratigraphic structure of the study area successively from Tuwei River, and the upper reaches of Yuxi River, a tributary the new to the old is Q4eol (Mu Us formation), Q3 (Salawusu of Wuding River. The spring is distributed on the north-east formation), Miocene series (Lishi formation, the Loess), zonal distribution of the plane (Figure 3). The springs con- Pliocene series (Red clay), Jurassic Zhiluo formation, and verge to form Kuye River, Tuwei River, and Yuxi River.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Building Railways in the People's Republic of China: Changing Lives
    Building Railways in the People’s Republic of China Changing Lives Manmohan Parkash EARD Special Studies Building Railways in the People’s Republic of China: Changing Lives Manmohan Parkash © 2008 Asian Development Bank All rights reserved. Published 2008 Printed in the Philippines Publication Stock No. 092007 ISBN No. 978-971-561645-4 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank, of its Board of Governors, or of the governments they represent. The Asian Development Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. Use of the term “country” does not imply any judgment by the authors or the Asian Development Bank as to the legal or other status of any territorial entity. ii Building Railways in the People’s Republic of China: Changing Lives Contents Contents .................................................................................. iii List of Tables and Figures .................................................................. iv Abbreviations and Acronyms .............................................................. v Acknowledgement ........................................................................ vi Foreword .................................................................................. vii Executive Summary ....................................................................... viii INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Spreading of Christianity and the Introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949)
    Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid Programa de doctorado en Concervación y Restauración del Patrimonio Architectónico The Spreading of Christianity and the introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949) Christian churches and traditional Chinese architecture Author: Shan HUANG (Architect) Director: Antonio LOPERA (Doctor, Arquitecto) 2014 Tribunal nombrado por el Magfco. y Excmo. Sr. Rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, el día de de 20 . Presidente: Vocal: Vocal: Vocal: Secretario: Suplente: Suplente: Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el día de de 20 en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid. Calificación:………………………………. El PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO Index Index Abstract Resumen Introduction General Background........................................................................................... 1 A) Definition of the Concepts ................................................................ 3 B) Research Background........................................................................ 4 C) Significance and Objects of the Study .......................................... 6 D) Research Methodology ...................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Chinese traditional architecture 1.1 The concept of traditional Chinese architecture ......................... 13 1.2 Main characteristics of the traditional Chinese architecture .... 14 1.2.1 Wood was used as the main construction materials ........ 14 1.2.2
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level
    Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level Corresponding Type Chinese Court Region Court Name Administrative Name Code Code Area Supreme People’s Court 最高人民法院 最高法 Higher People's Court of 北京市高级人民 Beijing 京 110000 1 Beijing Municipality 法院 Municipality No. 1 Intermediate People's 北京市第一中级 京 01 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Shijingshan Shijingshan District People’s 北京市石景山区 京 0107 110107 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Haidian District of Haidian District People’s 北京市海淀区人 京 0108 110108 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Mentougou Mentougou District People’s 北京市门头沟区 京 0109 110109 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Changping Changping District People’s 北京市昌平区人 京 0114 110114 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Yanqing County People’s 延庆县人民法院 京 0229 110229 Yanqing County 1 Court No. 2 Intermediate People's 北京市第二中级 京 02 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Dongcheng Dongcheng District People’s 北京市东城区人 京 0101 110101 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Xicheng District Xicheng District People’s 北京市西城区人 京 0102 110102 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Fengtai District of Fengtai District People’s 北京市丰台区人 京 0106 110106 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality 1 Fangshan District Fangshan District People’s 北京市房山区人 京 0111 110111 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Daxing District of Daxing District People’s 北京市大兴区人 京 0115
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2019
    HAITONG SECURITIES CO., LTD. 海通證券股份有限公司 Annual Report 2019 2019 年度報告 2019 年度報告 Annual Report CONTENTS Section I DEFINITIONS AND MATERIAL RISK WARNINGS 4 Section II COMPANY PROFILE AND KEY FINANCIAL INDICATORS 8 Section III SUMMARY OF THE COMPANY’S BUSINESS 25 Section IV REPORT OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS 33 Section V SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 85 Section VI CHANGES IN ORDINARY SHARES AND PARTICULARS ABOUT SHAREHOLDERS 123 Section VII PREFERENCE SHARES 134 Section VIII DIRECTORS, SUPERVISORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES 135 Section IX CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 191 Section X CORPORATE BONDS 233 Section XI FINANCIAL REPORT 242 Section XII DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION 243 Section XIII INFORMATION DISCLOSURES OF SECURITIES COMPANY 244 IMPORTANT NOTICE The Board, the Supervisory Committee, Directors, Supervisors and senior management of the Company warrant the truthfulness, accuracy and completeness of contents of this annual report (the “Report”) and that there is no false representation, misleading statement contained herein or material omission from this Report, for which they will assume joint and several liabilities. This Report was considered and approved at the seventh meeting of the seventh session of the Board. All the Directors of the Company attended the Board meeting. None of the Directors or Supervisors has made any objection to this Report. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Certified Public Accountants LLP (Special General Partnership)) have audited the annual financial reports of the Company prepared in accordance with PRC GAAP and IFRS respectively, and issued a standard and unqualified audit report of the Company. All financial data in this Report are denominated in RMB unless otherwise indicated.
    [Show full text]
  • GCL-Poly Energy Holdings Limited 保利協鑫能源控股有限公司 GCL
    Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong 14.58(1) Note 5 Limited take no responsibility for the contents of this announcement, make no to 13.52 representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this announcement. GCL-Poly Energy Holdings Limited GCL New Energy Holdings Limited 保利協鑫能源控股有限公司 協鑫新能源控股有限公司 (Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability) (Incorporated in Bermuda with limited liability) (Stock code: 3800) (Stock code: 451) 13.51A DISCLOSEABLE TRANSACTION MAJOR TRANSACTION WITH SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER WITH SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION CO., LTD. CONSTRUCTION CO., LTD. THE TRANSACTION On 8 September 2015, Yulin Longyuan (an indirect subsidiary of GCL-Poly and an 14.58(3) 14.60(1) indirect wholly owned subsidiary of GNE) entered into the following two EPC 14.60(2) agreements (the “EPC Agreements”) with Shanghai Electric Construction and Shanghai Power Erection (independent third parties of GCL-Poly and GNE) respectively: (i) the EPC agreement in relation to the grid connection of the 200 MW photovoltaic power station project at Yuyang District of Yulin City of Shaanxi Province* (陝西省榆林市榆陽區) (the “Xiaohaotu Project”) entered into with Shanghai Electric Construction (the “Photovoltaic Power Station EPC Agreement”) at an estimated consideration of RMB 1,247,980,000 (equivalent to approximately HK$1,521,162,822); and (ii) the EPC agreement
    [Show full text]
  • Addition of Clopidogrel to Aspirin in 45 852 Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial
    Articles Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin in 45 852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo-controlled trial COMMIT (ClOpidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) collaborative group* Summary Background Despite improvements in the emergency treatment of myocardial infarction (MI), early mortality and Lancet 2005; 366: 1607–21 morbidity remain high. The antiplatelet agent clopidogrel adds to the benefit of aspirin in acute coronary See Comment page 1587 syndromes without ST-segment elevation, but its effects in patients with ST-elevation MI were unclear. *Collaborators and participating hospitals listed at end of paper Methods 45 852 patients admitted to 1250 hospitals within 24 h of suspected acute MI onset were randomly Correspondence to: allocated clopidogrel 75 mg daily (n=22 961) or matching placebo (n=22 891) in addition to aspirin 162 mg daily. Dr Zhengming Chen, Clinical Trial 93% had ST-segment elevation or bundle branch block, and 7% had ST-segment depression. Treatment was to Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Richard Doll continue until discharge or up to 4 weeks in hospital (mean 15 days in survivors) and 93% of patients completed Building, Old Road Campus, it. The two prespecified co-primary outcomes were: (1) the composite of death, reinfarction, or stroke; and Oxford OX3 7LF, UK (2) death from any cause during the scheduled treatment period. Comparisons were by intention to treat, and [email protected] used the log-rank method. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00222573. or Dr Lixin Jiang, Fuwai Hospital, Findings Allocation to clopidogrel produced a highly significant 9% (95% CI 3–14) proportional reduction in death, Beijing 100037, P R China [email protected] reinfarction, or stroke (2121 [9·2%] clopidogrel vs 2310 [10·1%] placebo; p=0·002), corresponding to nine (SE 3) fewer events per 1000 patients treated for about 2 weeks.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Rural Women's Economic Participation in Shaanxi Province, China: Preliminary Results and Insights Mei Yang Allan R
    Analysis of Rural Women’s Economic Participation in Shaanxi Province, China: Preliminary Results and Insights Mei Yang Allan Rae David Tripe Martin Young Huiyan Zhao School of Economics and Finance, Massey University ABSTRACT China has made significant progress in economic reform. This has entailed large scale migration and urbanization, but there is an accompanying problem of position of women in agricultural production in rural areas. To explore this, the study examines rural women’s barriers and potential in economic participation in Shaanxi province through a survey of 356 rural women including both those engaging in farming and off-farming activities from three regions of Shaanxi with different developing characteristics. We use a mixed research methodology with both qualitative and quantitative elements. Unlike a handful of previous relevant studies, the collection of primary data allows a more in depth and systematic analysis of the current situation of rural women and the barriers they are facing. Preliminary results indicate that the situation of rural women in China presents a range of characteristics due to political factors, geographical location, low education attainment, and their role as care-providers. The results presented here here is mainly concerning the part of rural women engaging in farming. 1. Introduction Over the last three decades, China’s industrialization and urbanization have been on an unprecedented scale(Bank, 2014): Around 250 million migrants have moved to cities from rural areas (NBSC, 2012) in supporting the country’s rapid economic growth which has averaged around 10% annually. Meanwhile, starting from 2000, the number of left-behind rural women1 or using a specific term in Chinese, Liushou women has increased sharply and it still increases each year.
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural Structure Adjustment and Rural Poverty Alleviation in the Agro-Pastoral Transition Zone of Northern China: a Case Study of Yulin City
    sustainability Article Agricultural Structure Adjustment and Rural Poverty Alleviation in the Agro-Pastoral Transition Zone of Northern China: A Case Study of Yulin City Yongsheng Wang 1,*, Yan Chen 2,* and Zhengjia Liu 1 1 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; [email protected] 2 School of Public Administration and Law, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (Y.W.); [email protected] (Y.C.) Received: 23 April 2020; Accepted: 18 May 2020; Published: 20 May 2020 Abstract: Poverty restricts rural sustainable development and urban–rural integration. Agricultural development is an engine of rural economic development and poverty elimination. Agricultural structure adjustment and rural poverty alleviation in Yulin City from the agro-pastoral transition zone of Northern China were studied using statistical data. Our results showed that the rural poverty ratio in Yulin was 7.70% in 2017, with clearly higher trends in southeast regions and lower trends in northeast regions. Northern Yulin had a lower proportion of primary industry to gross domestic production and ratio of agriculture to animal husbandry than southern Yulin. The agricultural structure variability index and agricultural specialization index have changed little, while the actual growth rate of the rural per capita net income has dramatically declined in the last decade. The rural poverty ratio was positively correlated with proportion of primary industry and ratio of agriculture to animal husbandry. These results suggest that a reduced proportion of primary industry and animal husbandry development will promote rural poverty alleviation and future rural revitalization.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Development of Culture Industry of Shaanxi Province And
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 376 5th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2019) On the Development of Culture Industry of Shaanxi Province and the Education on Cultural Self-Confidence at College Guojian Zhang Xi’an Fanyi University, Xi’an Shaanxi, China [email protected] Keywords: Culture industry, Cultural self-confidence, College education. Abstract. Since the seventy years of the founding of New China, great progress has been made in the development of the culture industry of Shaanxi Province. Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the education of cultural self-confidence at college has been enhanced continuously. However, there still exists a lot of space in the education of cultural self-confidence at college combining the development of culture industry. This paper analyses the deficiency of the education of culture self-confidence at Shaanxi colleges combining the analysis of the current situation of the development of culture industry, and probes the relevant suggestion for the combination of the two aspects so as to provide the beneficial reference. Introduction Since the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the gradual implementation of the strategy of the development of the national economy and society promoted by culture, the country’s culture industry has developed unprecedentedly, and the education of cultural self-confidence for the citizens has been intensified. Meanwhile, the research on culture industry and cultural self-confidence has increased constantly. As a large province of culture resources, the rapid development of the culture industry of Shaanxi Province has been made with the guidance of the Communist Party of China in recent years, which has become the abundant resources and efficient carrier for colleges to enhance the education of culture self-confidence.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation NDVI Change and Its Relationship with Climate Change and Human Activities in Yulin, Shaanxi Province of China
    Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2016, 4, 28-40 http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep ISSN Online: 2327-4344 ISSN Print: 2327-4336 Vegetation NDVI Change and Its Relationship with Climate Change and Human Activities in Yulin, Shaanxi Province of China Tao Wang1,2,3 1College of Geomatics, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China 2College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China 3State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China How to cite this paper: Wang, T. (2016) Abstract Vegetation NDVI Change and Its Relation- ship with Climate Change and Human Activ- Yulin is a typical ecological fragile area in China, and its vegetation ecosystem is so ities in Yulin, Shaanxi Province of China. fragile that could be vulnerable to climate change and human activities. Spatial and Journal of Geoscience and Environment Pro- temporal change of vegetation Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and tection, 4, 28-40. its relationship with climate change and human activities were analyzed based on http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gep.2016.410002 MODIS NDVI data from 2000 to 2015, as well as annual temperature and precipita- Received: September 8, 2016 tion data from 2000 to 2014, and linear trend analysis, correlation and buffer analysis Accepted: October 10, 2016 were used. Result showed: 1) NDVI value was small and vegetation cover was low, Published: October 13, 2016 but NDVI had a linear growth rate of 0.0096/annum from 2000 to 2015 in Yulin area.
    [Show full text]
  • Research on the Survival Dilemma and Development Mechanism of Folk Customs in Northern Shaanxi
    2020 International Conference on Economics, Education and Social Research (ICEESR 2020) Research on the Survival Dilemma and Development Mechanism of Folk Customs in Northern Shaanxi Xiaoyan Zang School of Liberal Arts, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China Keywords: Folklore in northern Shaanxi, Living space, Inheritance, Development Abstract: The folk customs of northern Shaanxi are simple, diverse, profound, rich in national characteristics and full of cultural heritage. The process of industrialization and urbanization has shaken the foundation of traditional culture. The folk art of northern Shaanxi gradually loses its original living environment and its own integrity. The national spiritual culture is lacking, the concept of folk custom is declining, and folk beliefs are facing severe challenges. The current folk art of northern Shaanxi in the dilemma, the inheritance, development and dissemination of folk culture under the background of market economy has become a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. 1. Introduction Northern Shaanxi is located in the hinterland of the Loess Plateau and has been the “knot area” of ethnic integration since ancient times. The folk culture has a profound heritage and a long history. Since the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the Guifang, Huanghu, Baidi, Xiongnu, Linhu, Jihu, Lushuihu, Xianbei, Di, Turkic, Dangxiangqiang, Jurchen, Mongolia, and Manchu ethnic minorities have successively emerged as conquerors. Stepping onto this historical stage, the unique cultural characteristics of Qin and Han culture as the main body and the integration of northern grassland culture and other minority cultures have been formed in northern Shaanxi. The culture of northern Shaanxi is extensive and profound, and the folk customs of northern Shaanxi are colorful.
    [Show full text]
  • Probe to Integrated Soil Conservation Techniques for Soil Erosion Prevention in Soft Rock Area
    12th ISCO Conference Beijing 2002 Probe to Integrated Soil Conservation Techniques for Soil Erosion Prevention in Soft Rock Area Bi Cifen and TaiYuanlin Seabuckthorn Development Center of Ministry of Water Resources E-mail: [email protected] Wang Fugui Bureau of the Upper and Middle Reaches of Yellow River, YRCC, MWR Qiao Wanglin, Li Gui and Hu Cunsheng Erdos City Water Science Institute, Inner Mongolia Abstract: Soft Rock Region is an important parts of coarse sediment sources in Yellow River Basin. It is also one of the two sand storm sources of China. If you want to essentially prevent coarse sediment from silting in the lower reaches of Yellow River, control the spreading over range of sand storm and realize the better cycle of local ecological environment, you must treat the soft rock area integratedly and concentratedly. The paper studied the systematic techniques for controlling gully erosion on the basis of the experiment results of sediment retention by “flexible dam” in the area. The paper also presents a operational treatment model and mathematical formulas and makes an example planning of 510 small watersheds in Huangfu River. 1 Issues Soft rock region locates in Dongsheng district, Zhunger Banner, Yijinhuolo Banner, Dalate Banner of Erdos City of Inner Mongolia and Shenmu county, Fugu county of Shaanxi Province with the area of 11.7 thousand km2 where exposed area is 6.3 thousand km2, sand-covered area 2.6 thousand km2, earth-cover area 3.1 thousand km2. Soft rock indicates thick sandstone, sand shale and mudstone in the Paleozoic Era, Mesozoic, Jurassic and the Cretaceous Period.
    [Show full text]