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Rheidae 1 Greater Rhea Rhea Americana Tinamous

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Rheas: Rheidae 1 Greater Rhea Rhea americana Tinamous: Tinamidae 2 Undulated Tinamou Crypturellus undulatus 3 Small-billed Tinamou Crypturellus parvirostris 4 Tataupa Tinamou Crypturellus tataupa 5 Red-winged Tinamou Rhynchotus rufescens 6 Spotted Nothura Nothura maculosa Screamers: Anhimidae 7 Horned Screamer Anhima cornuta 8 Southern Screamer Chauna torquata Ducks: Anatidae 9 White-faced Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna viduata 10 Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis 11 Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor 12 Coscoroba Swan Coscoroba coscoroba 13 Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos 14 Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata 15 Ringed Teal Callonetta leucophrys 16 Brazilian Teal Amazonetta brasiliensis 17 Silver Teal Spatula versicolor 18 Masked Duck Nomonyx dominicus Guans, Chachalacas, and Curassows: Cracidae 19 Chaco Chachalaca Ortalis canicollis 20 Rusty-margined Guan Penelope superciliaris 21 Chestnut-bellied Guan Penelope ochrogaster 22 Blue-throated Piping-Guan Pipile cumanensis 23 Bare-faced Curassow Crax fasciolata Grebes: Podicipedidae 24 White-tufted Grebe Rollandia rolland 25 Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus 26 Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps Storks: Ciconiidae 27 Maguari Stork Ciconia maguari 28 Jabiru Jabiru mycteria Rua Terenos, 117 - Amambai - CEP 79005-400 - Campo Grande-MS – Tel: +55 67 30424659 Fax: +55 67 30294657 Internet: www.brazilnaturetours.com - E-mail: [email protected] 29 Wood Stork Mycteria americana Cormorants and Shags: Phalacrocoracidae 30 Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus Anhingas: Anhingidae 31 Anhinga Anhinga anhinga Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns: Ardeidae 32 Zigzag Heron Zebrilus undulatus 33 Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis 34 Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum 35 Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi 36 Great Egret Ardea alba 37 Snowy Egret Egretta thula 38 Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea 39 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis 40 Striated Heron Butorides striata 41 Agami Heron Agamia agami 42 Whistling Heron Syrigma sibilatrix 43 Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus 44 Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax 45 Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius Ibises and Spoonbills: Threskiornithidae 46 White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi 47 Green Ibis Mesembrinibis cayennensis 48 Bare-faced Ibis Phimosus infuscatus 49 Plumbeous Ibis Theristicus caerulescens 50 Buff-necked Ibis Theristicus caudatus 51 Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja New World Vultures: Cathartidae 52 Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura 53 Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes burrovianus Osprey: Pandionidae 54 Osprey Pandion haliaetus Hawks, Eagles, and Kites: Accipitridae 55 Pearl Kite Gampsonyx swainsonii Rua Terenos, 117 - Amambai - CEP 79005-400 - Campo Grande-MS – Tel: +55 67 30424659 Fax: +55 67 30294657 Internet: www.brazilnaturetours.com - E-mail: [email protected] 56 White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus 57 Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus 58 Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis 59 Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus 60 Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus 61 Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus melanoleucus 62 Black-collared Hawk Busarellus nigricollis 63 Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis 64 Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis 65 Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea 66 Long-winged Harrier Circus buffoni 67 Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus 68 Bicolored Hawk Accipiter bicolor 69 Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens 70 Savanna Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis 71 Great Black Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga 72 Chaco Eagle Buteogallus coronatus 73 Roadside Hawk Rupornis magnirostris 74 Harris's Hawk Parabuteo unicinctus 75 White-tailed Hawk Geranoaetus albicaudatus 76 White Hawk Pseudastur albicollis 77 Gray-lined Hawk Buteo nitidus 78 Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus Kagu: Rhynochetidae 79 Black Vulture Coragyps atratus 80 King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa Sunbittern: Eurypygidae 81 Sunbittern Eurypyga helias Rails, Gallinules, and Coots: Rallidae 82 Rufous-sided Crake Laterallus melanophaius 83 Gray-breasted Crake Laterallus exilis 84 Gray-cowled Wood-Rail Aramides cajaneus 85 Ash-throated Crake Mustelirallus albicollis 86 Paint-billed Crake Mustelirallus erythrops 87 Blackish Rail Pardirallus nigricans 88 Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinica 89 Azure Gallinule Porphyrio flavirostris 90 Common Gallinule Gallinula galeata Rua Terenos, 117 - Amambai - CEP 79005-400 - Campo Grande-MS – Tel: +55 67 30424659 Fax: +55 67 30294657 Internet: www.brazilnaturetours.com - E-mail: [email protected] Finfoots: Heliornithidae 91 Sungrebe Heliornis fulica Limpkin: Aramidae 92 Limpkin Aramus guarauna Stilts and Avocets: Recurvirostridae 93 Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus Plovers and Lapwings: Charadriidae 94 American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica 95 Pied Lapwing Vanellus cayanus 96 Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis 97 Collared Plover Charadrius collaris Jacanas: Jacanidae 98 Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana Sandpipers and Allies: Scolopacidae 99 Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda 100 Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica 101 Red Knot Calidris canutus 102 Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla 103 White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis 104 Buff-breasted Sandpiper Calidris subruficollis 105 Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos 106 South American Snipe Gallinago paraguaiae 107 Wilson's Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor 108 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius 109 Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria 110 Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca 111 Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers: Laridae 112 Yellow-billed Tern Sternula superciliaris 113 Large-billed Tern Phaetusa simplex 114 Common Tern Sterna hirundo 115 Black Skimmer Rynchops niger Pigeons and Doves: Columbidae Rua Terenos, 117 - Amambai - CEP 79005-400 - Campo Grande-MS – Tel: +55 67 30424659 Fax: +55 67 30294657 Internet: www.brazilnaturetours.com - E-mail: [email protected] 116 Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis 117 Scaled Pigeon Patagioenas speciosa 118 Picazuro Pigeon Patagioenas picazuro 119 Plain-breasted Ground-Dove Columbina minuta 120 Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti 121 Scaled Dove Columbina squammata 122 Picui Ground-Dove Columbina picui 123 Blue Ground-Dove Claravis pretiosa 124 Long-tailed Ground-Dove Uropelia campestris 125 Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana 126 White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi 127 Gray-fronted Dove Leptotila rufaxilla 128 Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata Cuckoos: Cuculidae 129 Guira Cuckoo Guira guira 130 Greater Ani Crotophaga major 131 Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani 132 Striped Cuckoo Tapera naevia 133 Pheasant Cuckoo Dromococcyx phasianellus 134 Little Cuckoo Coccycua minuta 135 Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana 136 Dark-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus melacoryphus 137 Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus Barn-Owls: Tytonidae 138 Barn Owl Tyto alba Owls: Strigidae 139 Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba 140 Spectacled Owl Pulsatrix perspicillata 141 Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus 142 Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum 143 Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia 144 Striped Owl Asio clamator 145 Stygian Owl Asio stygius Nightjars and Allies: Caprimulgidae 146 Nacunda Nighthawk Chordeiles nacunda 147 Least Nighthawk Chordeiles pusillus 148 Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis Rua Terenos, 117 - Amambai - CEP 79005-400 - Campo Grande-MS – Tel: +55 67 30424659 Fax: +55 67 30294657 Internet: www.brazilnaturetours.com - E-mail: [email protected] 149 Band-tailed Nighthawk Nyctiprogne leucopyga 150 Common Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis 151 Little Nightjar Setopagis parvula 152 Spot-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis maculicaudus 153 Scissor-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis torquata 154 Rufous Nightjar Antrostomus rufus Potoos: Nyctibiidae 155 Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis 156 Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus Swifts: Apodidae 157 Sick's Swift Chaetura meridionalis 158 Fork-tailed Palm-Swift Tachornis squamata Hummingbirds: Trochilidae 159 Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsutus 160 Pale-tailed Barbthroat Threnetes leucurus 161 Cinnamon-throated Hermit Phaethornis nattereri 162 Reddish Hermit Phaethornis ruber 163 Buff-bellied Hermit Phaethornis subochraceus 164 Planalto Hermit Phaethornis pretrei 165 Scale-throated Hermit Phaethornis eurynome 166 White-tailed Goldenthroat Polytmus guainumbi 167 Ruby-topaz Hummingbird Chrysolampis mosquitus 168 Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis 169 Blue-tufted Starthroat Heliomaster furcifer 170 Amethyst Woodstar Calliphlox amethystina 171 Glittering-bellied Emerald Chlorostilbon lucidus 172 Swallow-tailed Hummingbird Eupetomena macroura 173 Fork-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania furcata 174 Versicolored Emerald Amazilia versicolor 175 Glittering-throated Emerald Amazilia fimbriata 176 Rufous-throated Sapphire Hylocharis sapphirina 177 Gilded Hummingbird Hylocharis chrysura Trogons: Trogonidae 178 Blue-crowned Trogon Trogon curucui 179 Surucua Trogon Trogon surrucura Rua Terenos, 117 - Amambai - CEP 79005-400 - Campo Grande-MS – Tel: +55 67 30424659 Fax: +55 67 30294657 Internet: www.brazilnaturetours.com - E-mail: [email protected] Motmots: Momotidae 180 Amazonian Motmot Momotus momota Kingfishers: Alcedinidae 181 Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata 182 Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona 183 Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana 184 Green-and-rufous Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda 185 American Pygmy Kingfisher Chloroceryle aenea Puffbirds: Bucconidae 186 White-eared Puffbird Nystalus chacuru 187 Spot-backed Puffbird Nystalus maculatus 188 Black-fronted Nunbird Monasa nigrifrons 189 Swallow-winged Puffbird Chelidoptera
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    The Condor96:99&1002 Q The cooper omith&gical society1994 BREEDING PERFORMANCE IN RELATION TO NEST-SITE SUBSTRATUM IN A BUFF-NECKED IBIS (THHWTICUS CA UDATUS) POPULATION IN PATAGONIA ’ Jose A. DONAZAR Estacidn Biologica de Doiiana, CSIC, Avda I%@Luisa s.n., 41013 Sevilla, Spain OLGA CEBALL~S Grupo de EstudiosBiologicos Ugarra, Carlos III 19, 31002 Pamplona, Spain ALEJANDRO TRAVAINI AND ALFJANDRO RODRIGUEZ EstacirinBiologica de Doiiana, CSIC Avda M Luisa s.n., 41013 Sevilla, Spain MARTIN FUNES Centro de Ecologia Aplicada de1Neuquen, Casilla de Correos92, 8371 Junin de 10sAndes, Neuquen, Argentina FERNANDO HIRAL~ Estacion Biologicade Dofiana, CSIC Avda M Luisa sn., 41013 Sevilla, Spain Abstract. In northern Argentinean Patagonia, Buff-necked Ibis (Theristicuscaudatus) nest on different substrata:cliffs, trees, and marsh vegetation. According to the ideal-free distribution hypothesis,this polymorphism may be due to the occupationofthe bestbreeding habitats by dominant individuals and the relegation of the subdominant birds to marginal substratawith a lower probability of achieving successfulbreeding. We investigatedwhether there were any variations in the breeding performance among colonies and whether these variations were related to the breeding substratum.Laying date varied from the third week of September to the last week of October, laying occurring earlier in colonies at lower elevations. Clutch size per colony varied between 1.8 and 2.0 (X 1.9, n = 106), but significant differences were not detected among colonies. Brood size per colony varied significantly, rangingbetween 1.3 and 2.0 (52= 1.8, n = 164). The substratumof breedingdid not influence variations in any of these three parameters. The physical condition of the chicks did not vary among substrata,but there was inter-colony variation in broods of two chicks.
  • The Behavior and Ecology of Hermit Hummingbirds in the Kanaku Mountains, Guyana

    The Behavior and Ecology of Hermit Hummingbirds in the Kanaku Mountains, Guyana

    THE BEHAVIOR AND ECOLOGY OF HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE KANAKU MOUNTAINS, GUYANA. BARBARA K. SNOW OR nearly three months, 17 January to 5 April 1970, my husband and I F camped at the foot of the Kanaku Mountains in southern Guyana. Our camp was situated just inside the forest beside Karusu Creek, a tributary of Moco Moco Creek, at approximately 80 m above sea level. The period of our visit was the end of the main dry season which in this part of Guyana lasts approximately from September or October to April or May. Although we were both mainly occupied with other observations we hoped to accumulate as much information as possible on the hermit hummingbirds of the area, particularly their feeding niches, nesting and social organization. Previously, while living in Trinidad, we had studied various aspects of the behavior and biology of the three hermit hummingbirds resident there: the breeding season (D. W. Snow and B. K. Snow, 1964)) the behavior at singing assemblies of the Little Hermit (Phaethornis Zonguemareus) (D. W. Snow, 1968)) the feeding niches (B. K. Snow and D. W. Snow, 1972)) the social organization of the Hairy Hermit (Glaucis hirsuta) (B. K. Snow, 1973) and its breeding biology (D. W. Snow and B. K. Snow, 1973)) and the be- havior and breeding of the Guys’ Hermit (Phuethornis guy) (B. K. Snow, in press). A total of six hermit hummingbirds were seen in the Karusu Creek study area. Two species, Phuethornis uugusti and Phaethornis longuemureus, were extremely scarce. P. uugusti was seen feeding once, and what was presumably the same individual was trapped shortly afterwards.
  • Baker2009chap58.Pdf

    Baker2009chap58.Pdf

    Ratites and tinamous (Paleognathae) Allan J. Baker a,b,* and Sérgio L. Pereiraa the ratites (5). Here, we review the phylogenetic relation- aDepartment of Natural Histor y, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s ships and divergence times of the extant clades of ratites, Park Crescent, Toronto, ON, Canada; bDepartment of Ecology and the extinct moas and the tinamous. Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Longstanding debates about whether the paleognaths *To whom correspondence should be addressed (allanb@rom. are monophyletic or polyphyletic were not settled until on.ca) phylogenetic analyses were conducted on morphological characters (6–9), transferrins (10), chromosomes (11, 12), Abstract α-crystallin A sequences (13, 14), DNA–DNA hybrid- ization data (15, 16), and DNA sequences (e.g., 17–21). The Paleognathae is a monophyletic clade containing ~32 However, relationships among paleognaths are still not species and 12 genera of ratites and 46 species and nine resolved, with a recent morphological tree based on 2954 genera of tinamous. With the exception of nuclear genes, characters placing kiwis (Apterygidae) as the closest rela- there is strong molecular and morphological support for tives of the rest of the ratites (9), in agreement with other the close relationship of ratites and tinamous. Molecular morphological studies using smaller data sets ( 6–8, 22). time estimates with multiple fossil calibrations indicate that DNA sequence trees place kiwis in a derived clade with all six families originated in the Cretaceous (146–66 million the Emus and Cassowaries (Casuariiformes) (19–21, 23, years ago, Ma). The radiation of modern genera and species 24).