Iraq, Iran & Afghanistan Trip Notes: EAXX Validity
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Justice & Security Practices, Perceptions, and Problems in Kabul and Nangarhar
Justice & Security Practices, Perceptions, and Problems in Kabul and Nangarhar M AY 2014 Above: Behsud Bridge, Nangarhar Province (Photo by TLO) A TLO M A P P I N G R EPORT Justice and Security Practices, Perceptions, and Problems in Kabul and Nangarhar May 2014 In Cooperation with: © 2014, The Liaison Office. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the publisher, The Liaison Office. Permission can be obtained by emailing [email protected] ii Acknowledgements This report was commissioned from The Liaison Office (TLO) by Cordaid’s Security and Justice Business Unit. Research was conducted via cooperation between the Afghan Women’s Resource Centre (AWRC) and TLO, under the supervision and lead of the latter. Cordaid was involved in the development of the research tools and also conducted capacity building by providing trainings to the researchers on the research methodology. While TLO makes all efforts to review and verify field data prior to publication, some factual inaccuracies may still remain. TLO and AWRC are solely responsible for possible inaccuracies in the information presented. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cordaid. The Liaison Office (TL0) The Liaison Office (TLO) is an independent Afghan non-governmental organization established in 2003 seeking to improve local governance, stability and security through systematic and institutionalized engagement with customary structures, local communities, and civil society groups. -
A Program of the Stanford Alumni Association March 17 to April 1, 2019
STANFORD TRAVEL/STUDY JUDITH KEYANI, IRAN, 2016 MOSQUES AND MONUMENTS OF PERSIA March 17 to April 1, 2019 a program of the stanford alumni association Few countries in the world spark the imagination—or create misconceptions—in the minds of Americans as does Iran. In the past 10 years, Stanford has led scores of educational travelers to this cultural and historical gem, and time and again, they return with stories of the country’s amazing sights and of the Iranian people’s incredible warmth and hospitality. “Eye-opening,” “extraordinary,” “humbling” and “not to be missed” are just some of the glowing terms Stanford travelers have used to describe this exceptional destination. Join us and faculty leader Ali Yaycioğlu as we delve deep into a country that is at once full of—and ever on the verge of making—history. BRETT S. THOMPSON, ’83, DIRECTOR, STANFORD TRAVEL/STUDY Highlights VIEW priceless archaeo- STROLL through PONDER the past logical treasures, including peaceful gardens where amid the ruins of legend- the Iranian crown jewels Sufi poets meditated in ary Persepolis, Darius I’s and a collection of rare medieval times, and marvel ceremonial capital and one miniatures, in the museums at the tiled mosques and of the best-preserved sites of Tehran. squares of Isfahan. remaining from the ancient world. COVER: ISFAHAN SHEIKH LOTFOLLAH MOSQUE, ISFAHAN Faculty Leader ALI YAYCIOG˘ LU was born and raised in Ankara, Turkey. His fields of interest include the transformation of the Ottoman Empire in the 18th and 19th centuries. His books and articles focus on the restructuring of economic, political and legal institutions and practices as well as ideas about social order, life and death in this transformative period. -
Conflict in Afghanistan I
Conflict in Afghanistan I 92 Number 880 December 2010 Volume Volume 92 Number 880 December 2010 Volume 92 Number 880 December 2010 Part 1: Socio-political and humanitarian environment Interview with Dr Sima Samar Chairperson of the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission Afghanistan: an historical and geographical appraisal William Maley Dynamic interplay between religion and armed conflict in Afghanistan Ken Guest Transnational Islamic networks Imtiaz Gul Impunity and insurgency: a deadly combination in Afghanistan Norah Niland The right to counsel as a safeguard of justice in Afghanistan: the contribution of the International Legal Foundation Jennifer Smith, Natalie Rea, and Shabir Ahmad Kamawal State-building in Afghanistan: a case showing the limits? Lucy Morgan Edwards The future of Afghanistan: an Afghan responsibility Conflict I in Afghanistan Taiba Rahim Humanitarian debate: Law, policy, action www.icrc.org/eng/review Conflict in Cambridge Journals Online For further information about this journal please go to the journal web site at: ISSN 1816-3831 http://www.journals.cambridge.org/irc Afghanistan I Editorial Team Editor-in-Chief: Vincent Bernard The Review is printed in English and is Editorial assistant: Michael Siegrist published four times a year, in March, Publication assistant: June, September and December. Claire Franc Abbas Annual selections of articles are also International Review of the Red Cross published on a regional level in Arabic, Aim and scope 19, Avenue de la Paix Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish. The International Review of the Red Cross is a periodical CH - 1202 Geneva, Switzerland published by the ICRC. Its aim is to promote reflection on t +41 22 734 60 01 Published in association with humanitarian law, policy and action in armed conflict and f +41 22 733 20 57 Cambridge University Press. -
Perceptual Dialectology and GIS in Kurdish 1
Perceptual Dialectology and GIS in Kurdish 1 Full title: A perceptual dialectological approach to linguistic variation and spatial analysis of Kurdish varieties Main Author: Eva Eppler, PhD, RCSLT, Mag. Phil Reader/Associate Professor in Linguistics Department of Media, Culture and Language University of Roehampton | London | SW15 5SL [email protected] | www.roehampton.ac.uk Tel: +44 (0) 20 8392 3791 Co-author: Josef Benedikt, PhD, Mag.rer.nat. Independent Scholar, Senior GIS Researcher GeoLogic Dr. Benedikt Roegergasse 11/18 1090 Vienna, Austria [email protected] | www.geologic.at Short Title: Perceptual Dialectology and GIS in Kurdish Perceptual Dialectology and GIS in Kurdish 2 Abstract: This paper presents results of a first investigation into Kurdish linguistic varieties and their spatial distribution. Kurdish dialects are used across five nation states in the Middle East and only one, Sorani, has official status in one of them. The study employs the ‘draw-a-map task’ established in Perceptual Dialectology; the analysis is supported by Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The results show that, despite the geolinguistic and geopolitical situation, Kurdish respondents have good knowledge of the main varieties of their language (Kurmanji, Sorani and the related variety Zazaki) and where to localize them. Awareness of the more diverse Southern Kurdish varieties is less definitive. This indicates that the Kurdish language plays a role in identity formation, but also that smaller isolated varieties are not only endangered in terms of speakers, but also in terms of their representations in Kurds’ mental maps of the linguistic landscape they live in. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by a Santander and by Ede & Ravenscroft Research grant 2016. -
Kenyan Somali Islamist Radicalisation
Policy Briefing Africa Briefing N°85 Nairobi/Brussels, 25 January 2012 Kenyan Somali Islamist Radicalisation tant government positions. The coalition government has I. OVERVIEW created a ministry to spearhead development in the region. A modest affirmative action policy is opening opportuni- Somalia’s growing Islamist radicalism is spilling over in- ties in higher education and state employment. To most to Kenya. The militant Al-Shabaab movement has built a Somalis this is improvement, if halting, over past neglect. cross-border presence and a clandestine support network But the deployment of troops to Somalia may jeopardise among Muslim populations in the north east and Nairobi much of this modest progress. Al-Shabaab or sympathisers and on the coast, and is trying to radicalise and recruit have launched small but deadly attacks against government youth from these communities, often capitalising on long- and civilian targets in the province; there is credible fear a standing grievances against the central state. This prob- larger terror attack may be tried elsewhere to undermine lem could grow more severe with the October 2011 deci- Kenyan resolve and trigger a security crackdown that could sion by the Kenyan government to intervene directly in drive more Somalis, and perhaps other Muslims, into the Somalia. Radicalisation is a grave threat to Kenya’s securi- movement’s arms. Accordingly, the government should: ty and stability. Formulating and executing sound counter- radicalisation and de-radicalisation policies before it is too recognise that a blanket or draconian crackdown on late must be a priority. It would be a profound mistake, Kenyan Somalis, or Kenyan Muslims in general, would however, to view the challenge solely through a counter- radicalise more individuals and add to the threat of terrorism lens. -
1 Tehran Arrivals at Tehran, Meet and Assist at Airport and Then Transfer To
Day: 1 Tehran Arrivals at Tehran, meet and assist at airport and then transfer to Hotel, after check in, visit Sa'dabad Palace, Tajrish Bazaar, Lunch at local restaurant around north of Tehran, visit Niavaran Palace. O/N: Tehran. The Sa'dabad Complex is a complex built by the Qajar and Pahlavi monarchs, located in Shemiran, Greater Tehran, Iran. Today, the official residence of the President of Iran is located adjacent to the complex. The complex was first built and inhabited by Qajar monarchs in the 19th century. After an expansion of the compounds, Reza Shah of the Pahlavi Dynasty lived there in the 1920 s, and his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, moved there in the 1970 s. After the 1979 Revolution, the complex became a museum. Tajrish Market: The market on the one hand and Rehabilitation field, from the other competent shrine and the surrounding streets have access. Reliance Big Rehabilitation is one of the oldest accents located in Tehran in this market. Rehabilitation market a small sample of the Tehran bazaar is one of the oldest shopping centers Shamiran is the bridgehead and Rehabilitation connecting the two neighborhoods. The Niavaran Complex is a historical complex situated in Shemiran, Tehran (Greater Tehran), Iran.It consists of several buildings and monuments built in the Qajar and Pahlavi eras. The complex traces its origin to a garden in Niavaran region, which was used as a summer residence by Fath-Ali Shah of the Qajar Dynasty. A pavilion was built in the garden by the order of Naser ed Din Shah of the same dynasty, which was originally referred to as Niavaran House, and was later renamed Saheb Qaranie House. -
Kenyan Somali Islamist Radicalisation
Policy Briefing Africa Briefing N°85 Nairobi/Brussels, 25 January 2012 Kenyan Somali Islamist Radicalisation tant government positions. The coalition government has I. OVERVIEW created a ministry to spearhead development in the region. A modest affirmative action policy is opening opportuni- Somalia’s growing Islamist radicalism is spilling over in- ties in higher education and state employment. To most to Kenya. The militant Al-Shabaab movement has built a Somalis this is improvement, if halting, over past neglect. cross-border presence and a clandestine support network But the deployment of troops to Somalia may jeopardise among Muslim populations in the north east and Nairobi much of this modest progress. Al-Shabaab or sympathisers and on the coast, and is trying to radicalise and recruit have launched small but deadly attacks against government youth from these communities, often capitalising on long- and civilian targets in the province; there is credible fear a standing grievances against the central state. This prob- larger terror attack may be tried elsewhere to undermine lem could grow more severe with the October 2011 deci- Kenyan resolve and trigger a security crackdown that could sion by the Kenyan government to intervene directly in drive more Somalis, and perhaps other Muslims, into the Somalia. Radicalisation is a grave threat to Kenya’s securi- movement’s arms. Accordingly, the government should: ty and stability. Formulating and executing sound counter- radicalisation and de-radicalisation policies before it is too recognise that a blanket or draconian crackdown on late must be a priority. It would be a profound mistake, Kenyan Somalis, or Kenyan Muslims in general, would however, to view the challenge solely through a counter- radicalise more individuals and add to the threat of terrorism lens. -
Day 1: Flight from Your Home Country to Tehran
Day 1: Flight from your home country to Tehran We prepare ourselves for a fabulous trip to Great Persia. Arrival to Tehran, after custom formality, meet and assist at airport and transfer to the Hotel. O/N: Tehran Day 2: Tehran After breakfast, full day visit Tehran: Niyavaran Palace, Imamzadeh Saleh & Tajrish Bazaar O/N: Tehran The Niavaran Complex is a historical complex situated in Shemiran, Tehran (Greater Tehran), Iran. It consists of several buildings and monuments built in the Qajar and Pahlavi eras. The complex traces its origin to a garden in Niavaran region, which was used as a summer residence by Fath-Ali Shah of the Qajar Dynasty. A pavilion was built in the garden by the order of Naser ed Din Shah of the same dynasty, which was originally referred to as Niavaran House, and was later renamed Saheb Qaranie House. The pavilion of Ahmad Shah Qajar was built in the late Qajar period.During the reign of the Pahlavi Dynasty, a modern built mansion named Niavaran House was built for the imperial family of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. All of the peripheral buildings of the Saheb Qaranie House, with the exception of the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion, were demolished, and the buildings and structures of the present-day complex were built to the north of the Saheb Qaranie House. In the Pahlavi period, the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion served as an exhibition area for the presents from world eaders to the Iranian monarchs. Imamzadeh Saleh is one of many imamzadeh mosques in Iran. The mosque is located at Tajrish Square in Tehran's northern Shemiran district. -
See the Document
IN THE NAME OF GOD IRAN NAMA RAILWAY TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN List of Content Preamble ....................................................................... 6 History ............................................................................. 7 Tehran Station ................................................................ 8 Tehran - Mashhad Route .............................................. 12 IRAN NRAILWAYAMA TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN Tehran - Jolfa Route ..................................................... 32 Collection and Edition: Public Relations (RAI) Tourism Content Collection: Abdollah Abbaszadeh Design and Graphics: Reza Hozzar Moghaddam Photos: Siamak Iman Pour, Benyamin Tehran - Bandarabbas Route 48 Khodadadi, Hatef Homaei, Saeed Mahmoodi Aznaveh, javad Najaf ...................................... Alizadeh, Caspian Makak, Ocean Zakarian, Davood Vakilzadeh, Arash Simaei, Abbas Jafari, Mohammadreza Baharnaz, Homayoun Amir yeganeh, Kianush Jafari Producer: Public Relations (RAI) Tehran - Goragn Route 64 Translation: Seyed Ebrahim Fazli Zenooz - ................................................ International Affairs Bureau (RAI) Address: Public Relations, Central Building of Railways, Africa Blvd., Argentina Sq., Tehran- Iran. www.rai.ir Tehran - Shiraz Route................................................... 80 First Edition January 2016 All rights reserved. Tehran - Khorramshahr Route .................................... 96 Tehran - Kerman Route .............................................114 Islamic Republic of Iran The Railways -
The Road to Afghanistan
Introduction Hundreds of books—memoirs, histories, fiction, poetry, chronicles of military units, and journalistic essays—have been written about the Soviet war in Afghanistan. If the topic has not yet been entirely exhausted, it certainly has been very well documented. But what led up to the invasion? How was the decision to bring troops into Afghanistan made? What was the basis for the decision? Who opposed the intervention and who had the final word? And what kind of mystical country is this that lures, with an almost maniacal insistence, the most powerful world states into its snares? In the nineteenth and early twentieth century it was the British, in the 1980s it was the Soviet Union, and now America and its allies continue the legacy. Impoverished and incredibly backward Afghanistan, strange as it may seem, is not just a normal country. Due to its strategically important location in the center of Asia, the mountainous country has long been in the sights of more than its immediate neighbors. But woe to anyone who arrives there with weapon in hand, hoping for an easy gain—the barefoot and illiterate Afghans consistently bury the hopes of the strange foreign soldiers who arrive along with battalions of tanks and strategic bombers. To understand Afghanistan is to see into your own future. To comprehend what happened there, what happens there continually, is to avoid great tragedy. One of the critical moments in the modern history of Afghanistan is the period from April 27, 1978, when the “April Revolution” took place in Kabul and the leftist People’s Democratic Party seized control of the country, until December 27, 1979, when Soviet special forces, obeying their “international duty,” eliminated the ruling leader and installed 1 another leader of the same party in his place. -
The Independant Joint Anti-Corruption Monitoring
ﮐﻣﻳﺗﻪ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﻝ ﻣﺷﺗﺭک ﻧﻅﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﯽ ﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﺭی ﻓﺳﺎﺩ ﭘﺭ ﻭړﺍﻧﺩی ﺩ څﺎﺭﻧﯽ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻭﻧﯽ ﻣﺑﺎﺭﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺳﺎﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﺭی NDEPENDENT OINT NTI ORRUPTION I J A -C MONITORING AND EVALUATION COMMITTEE UNFINISHED BUSINESS: THE FOLLOW-UP REPORT ON KABUL BANK ACKU Kabul, Afghanistan October 2, 2014 Independent Joint Anti-Corruption Monitoring and Evaluation Committee ACKU Unfinished Business: The Follow-up Report on Kabul Bank (October 2, 2014) Page 2 UNFINISHED BUSINESS: THE FOLLOW-UP REPORT ON KABUL BANK ACKU Independent Joint Anti-Corruption Monitoring and Evaluation Committee Message from the Committee This report is being written at a time of significant change in Afghanistan. The country has completed a democratic and peaceful transfer of power, international military troops continue to withdraw, foreign aid is being reduced, and Afghans are leading in a number of new areas. The future of Afghanistan will be greatly determined by the strength of the new government’s policies and its ability to effectively implement decisions through the institutions entrusted to do so. However, a number of fundamental challenges await the government, including weak governance, impunity, and economic instability, which must be overcome in order to assure Afghanistan’s viability. Many of these challenges permeate the Kabul Bank crisis and the issues that continue to be unresolved. August 2014 represented the four-year mark since the collapse of the Bank, but there has been insufficient progress in addressing all related concerns. Inevitably, the passage of time and the emergence of new crises have allowed Kabul Bank to move into the background of the country’s conscience, but the Bank will never be forgotten so long as Afghans continue to pay the costs of the fraud and to witness other injustices. -
Great Game to 9/11
Air Force Engaging the World Great Game to 9/11 A Concise History of Afghanistan’s International Relations Michael R. Rouland COVER Aerial view of a village in Farah Province, Afghanistan. Photo (2009) by MSst. Tracy L. DeMarco, USAF. Department of Defense. Great Game to 9/11 A Concise History of Afghanistan’s International Relations Michael R. Rouland Washington, D.C. 2014 ENGAGING THE WORLD The ENGAGING THE WORLD series focuses on U.S. involvement around the globe, primarily in the post-Cold War period. It includes peacekeeping and humanitarian missions as well as Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom—all missions in which the U.S. Air Force has been integrally involved. It will also document developments within the Air Force and the Department of Defense. GREAT GAME TO 9/11 GREAT GAME TO 9/11 was initially begun as an introduction for a larger work on U.S./coalition involvement in Afghanistan. It provides essential information for an understanding of how this isolated country has, over centuries, become a battleground for world powers. Although an overview, this study draws on primary- source material to present a detailed examination of U.S.-Afghan relations prior to Operation Enduring Freedom. Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. government. Cleared for public release. Contents INTRODUCTION The Razor’s Edge 1 ONE Origins of the Afghan State, the Great Game, and Afghan Nationalism 5 TWO Stasis and Modernization 15 THREE Early Relations with the United States 27 FOUR Afghanistan’s Soviet Shift and the U.S.