DOCSLIB.ORG

Palaeoecological and Palaeogeographical Significance Ofthe Rugose Corals from the Middle Devonian "Maymyo Formation" in Pyinoolwin Township Khaing Khaing San

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Palaeoecological and Palaeogeographical Significance Ofthe Rugose Corals from the Middle Devonian The Government of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Education Department of Higher Education (Lower Myanmar) and Department of Higher Education (Upper Myanmar) Universities Research ournal Vol. 1, No.2 December, 2008. Universities Research Journal 2008, V01. 1, No.2 Universities Research Journal 2008 Vol. 1, No.2 Editorial Board Editors in Chief Prof. Dr. Win Naing, Head of the Department of Geology, University of Yangon Prof. U Khin Aung Than, Head of the Department of Geology, University ofEast Yangon . U Ali Akaba Khan (a) U Tin Maung Htwe, Department of Geology, University ofMandalay Prof. Dr. Zaw Win, Head of the Department of Mathematic; University of Yangon Dr. Soe Soe Hlaing, Head ofMathematics Department, Yangon Institute of Economics Prof. Dr. Khin Aye Aye, Head of the Department of Mathematics, University ofMandalay Editors Prof. Dr. Aye Ko Aung, Head of the Departmerit of Geology, University of Dagon Dr. Chit Sein, Head ofthe Department ofGeology, University ofHinthada Prof. Ohn Myint, Head of the Department of Geology, University of Maubin Prof. Dr. Than Than Nu, Head of the Department of Geology, University of Mandalay Dr. Nyan Win, Head ofGeology Department, University ofLoikaw U Hla Myint, Head ofDepartment ofGeology, Shwebo Degree College Assis Leet. Dr Khin Khin Lin. Head of the Department of Geology, University ofBhamo Universities Research Journal 2008, Vol. I, No.2 Prof. Yi Yi Thein, Head of the Department of Mathematics, University of Mawlamyine Prof. Dr. Win Kyi, Head of the Department of Mathematics, Yangon University ofDistance Education Prof. Myint Ohn , Head of the Department of Mathematics, University of Pathein Prof. Toe Aung, Head of the Department of Mathematics, University of Taungoo Prof. Dr Vee Myint, Head of Department of Mathematics, University of West Yangon Dr. Hla Hla Kyi, Head of the Department of Mathematics, University of Myeik Prof. Nu Nu Naing, Head ofthe Department ofMathematics, University of Magway Prof. Nu Nu Sein, Head of the Department of Mathematics, University of Monywa Prof. Dr Hnin 00, . Head ofthe Department of Mathematics, University of Yadanabon Prof. Dr Kay Thi Tin, Head of the Department of Mathematics, Meiktila Institute ofEconomics Mai Mae Khin, Head ofDepartment ofMathematics, University ofLoikaw Prof. 00 00 Myint, Head ofthe Department of Mathematics, University of Lashio Asso. Prof. Dr Than Than 00, Head of the Department of Mathematics, University ofKyainge Tong Universities Research Joumal2008, Vol. 1, No.2 Contents Page The Geology ofPhongum Razi Ranges Putao District, K.achin State 1 JRa Htay and AungKhin Soe Preliminary report on the study ofthe rock units exposed along the 11 Mongla • Kengtung • Tarchileik road section, Eastern Shan State Khin Khin Lin Revision ofthe Stratigraphy and Age ofthe Early Devonian 31 Zebingyi Formation, Myanmar Aye KoAung NewMaterials of Stegolophodon (proboscidea, Mammalia) from 49 the Irrawaddy Formation, Myanmar ChitSein and Tin Thein NewMaterials ofTetraconodon malensis (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, 6S Suidae) from the Middle Miocene ofCentral Myanmar Thaung Htike, Zin Maung Maung Thein and Hnin Hnin Htay Palaeoecological andPalaeogeographical Significance ofthe 77 Rugose Corals from the Middle Devonian "Maymyo Formation" in Pyinoolwin Township Khalng Khaing San The Study ofFolding in Calc-silicate Rocks ofPinle-in Area, 89 Mandalay Division SawNgwe Khaing , A Study ofClay Minerals in the Maubin Area 103 Olm Myin/, Thura Aung, Swe Zin Thant, Nay Soe, Htet HtetAung, ZizawQl' Win Naing, Myo Min andHtin Lynn Aung Tin-tungsten Mineralization ofZingyaik-Kadaik Area, Paung 119 Township, Mon State Than Htoo Aung Universities Research ]ournal2008, Vol. 1, No.2 Page An Appraisal for the Mineral Assemblages to define Mineral 133 Isograds on Paragneiss from Latha-Phayargnokto Area, Patheingyi Township, Mandalay Division, Myanmar Zaw Win Ko and Win Min Soe Petrology ofDevonian Strata in Naungcho Area, Naungcho 147 Township Thein Htike Swe, Yan Naing Htun and Nyan Win Microbialites in the Thitsipin Limestone, Linwe-Kyauktaw Area, 163 Yengan Township, Southern Shan State Khin Khin Lin Stability ofTwo-Level Difference Method for PDE 173 Soe Soe Hlaing Finite Difference Method for Elliptic Partial Differential Equation 193 Win WinEi Numerical Approximations for Burgers Equation 203 SuSuAung Use ofFinite Element Methods for Dirichlet Boundary Value 213 Problem Khin Htay Kyi Numerical Method for A Mathematical Model ofA Suspension 231 Bridge Soe Soe Aye Propagation Property for Nonlinear Double-Degenerate Parabolic 239 Equation in Multi-Dimension Khin Than Sint A Study on Steady State Drift-Diffusion Model for Semiconductors 241 Khin Thi Numerical Schemes for the Euler Equations 261 Win WinNwe Universities Research Journal 2008, Vol. 1, No.2 Page Numerical Approximations ofOne-Dimensional Stationary Drift- 271 Diffusion Model for Semiconductor Cho Sandar Characterizing the Degree Sequences ofSigned Cycles and Signed 285 Stars Hla H/a Myint Applications ofEulerian Path and Tour 295 Sandar Mytnt, Win Win Mar and Yi Myint Spanning Trees with at most k Leaves in a K1,4-free graph 307 AungKyaw Arc-Disjoint Path Pair (APP) Problem 323 Nang Kham Maing Characterization ofa Bipartite Graph and Its Hamiltonicity 337 Shwin Seinn A Study on Optimal Control ofRice Production in Taungoo Area 349 Aye Ko, Thin Thin Myatand Mi Mi Than Proximal Method for Equilibrium Problems 367 HlaHlaKyi The Weighted Locally Convex Spaces ofMeasurable Functions on 373 Np Family And Continutous Functions on Nachbin Family Saw MarlarAung and Kyi Htin Paw Universities Research Jouma12008, Vol. I, No.2 Palaeoecological and Palaeogeographical Significance ofthe Rugose Corals from the Middle Devonian "Maymyo Formation" in Pyinoolwin Township Khaing Khaing San Abstract In Myanmar, Middle Devonian coral bearing carbonate deposits are limited in Pyinoolwin Township, i.e. Padaukpin area and Pwepon area. At the generic level, most rugose corals from the "Maymyo Formation" including Padaukpin Limestone and Pwepon Limesone are widely distributed especially in the Old World Realm. Detailed palaeoecological study indicates that the abundant rugose coral fauna from the.Middle Devonian "Maymyo Formation" may have lived in a warm, shallow, well-oxygenated seas having moderate to high wave energy probably situated near the margin ofthe carbonate platform adjacent to the basinal deposits in tropical to temperate zone. After death they had been transported and quickly deposited in a calm water environment on the continental slope. Comparison of the rugose coral fauna in "Maymyo Formation" with those in other countries reveals that the rugose coral assemblages ofthe "Maymyo Formation" do not give any indication for a biogeographic relation to Gondwana or presumed Cinmerian blocks during the Middle Devonian. These fauna are definitely ofthe Rhenish-Bohemian region of the Old World Realm and quite different from the Australia fauna. On the basic of the faunal assemblages of the Middle Devonian "Maymyo Formation", Myanmar (especially Shan State of the western part of Sinoburmalaya) is interpreted as a massif belonging to the Gondwana domain which was separated from Gondwana by a wide ocean made it impossible for the benthonic organisms on the both flanks to freely migrate toward the opposing continental margin. Key words: palaeoecology, palaeogeography, rugose corals, Middle Devonian. Introduction Within Myanmar, marine Middle Devonian limestones are exposed in very limited areas. They exposed as an isolated outcrop of only a few localities and so far well-preserved Devonian corals are only known from two localities; the Padaukpin and Pwepon areas, Pyinoolwin township (Fig. 1) which is geologically known as a part ofthe northen Shan State. Assistant Lecturer, Dr, Department ofGeology, Myinchan Degree College 78 Universities Research Journal 2008, Vol. I, No.2 96' 3' E 4~5 ' 3188' A. Okhpo Tlune BokTlUne 3403' A ' L_ ~ , ::l'r·q. li ,:,j< A. 0'11"" ~ Nll"'e TaUDe ·:.''I:I "I'II !::'! .'I! ·"· i il ,i!"I I'I :1 ! ,iI I;. 'II"m:: i: i'. , i.,i" 1,' 56'N .' .h • 1. i t 21' 56' '\:11' .' ;0,!!I'j 1j:l a!iI , ' ... ' , .•. I '·., .I' " 'I' Ii i il :;1;I HI~ !! II');':;IH:;1, 34n' A. Thin TaDna 96' 3' B SCALE o 5Jun IOJun Figure 1. Location map ofthe study area. The Middle Devonian "Maymyo Formation" is widely disttibuted in the Pyinoolwin Township. The rich rugose coral bearing Padaukpin Limestone and Pwepon Limestone are the sandwiched units of the "Maymyo Formation" on which more detailed study has been done (Reed, 1908, 1929; Aung, 1995; Khaing Khaing San, 2005). The present paper attempts to discuss the palaeoecological and palaeogeographical significance ofthe coral fauna. Palaeoelimate In this study, the coral fauna is very rieh in individuals. Although non-dissepimented solitary forms including .Puanophyllum and Metrionaxon are also occurred. Metrionaxon in Pwepon Limestone is small in size and a few specimens are occurred. Puanophyllum in Padaukpin Limestone is abundant and only a few of them are greater than 10 em in diameter, mostly of medium or large size with maximum'diameter up to 30 cm. So the corals lived in a normal shallow sea advantages to their growth. Universities Research Journal 2008, Vol. I, No.2 79 In this study, the massive rugose corals are represented by Phillipsastrea, Argutastrea and Hexagonaria. Phillipsastrea are very abundant in Padaukpin Limestone and are usually large in size, greater than 10 em high, and about or greater than 20 em in diameter, the biggest individual being
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mandalay Region
    Probable Flood Inundated Area in Singu, Madaya, Tada-U and Sagaing Townships (as of 28 July 2020, 06:20 AM) Nyaung Kan Gway Pin Kone Ma Gyi Thone Pin Shwe Hlay Koke Ko Ywar Taw Lay Hin Thar Gyi 96°0'E 96°15'E Thar Yar Kone (Ywar Taw Lay) Hpakant Htan Koe Pin Hkamti Myitkyina Ku Lar Ma Kyaung Man Kan !. Min LayShi Thea Kyun M ogaung W aingmaw Let Kauk Kya Shwebo M yitkyina Kyaung Seik Kan GyiHomalin Taw M ohnyin 22°30'N Ta Dar U 22°30'N India KACHIN Doe Pin Kone Ywar Thit Kone Nyaung Pin Pu Zee Pin Kone Khet Thin Ngwe Taung Chaung Wa Taung Kaing (North) M omauk China / Ngar Pi Oe Banmauk Htone Bo Kone Se Gyi Shwegu Taung Kaing (South) Ind aw Katha Paungb yin Bhamo Nyaung Wun Tamu Bon Thar Kone Se Thei (South) Pinleb u W untho Hta Naung Thar M ansi M use Tigyaing Namhkan Shar Kwe Tonzang M awlaik Kawlin Kyar U Yin Ywar Ma SAGAING M abe in Chaung Mee To Yae Taw Kyunhla Kutkai M anton Kyar U Yin Kyun Ywar Thit Kone Shwe Pyi Ted im Kalewa Let Pan Kone Kanb alu Thabe ikkyin Hseni Yae Ka Moe Ngar Ein Taung Yae Chan Zay Kone Kyun Si Kale M ongmit Htee Kone Mya Kan Thar Lel Kaing Taze Namtu Pauk Kone Thar Yar Wa Di Taung Inn Falam Namhsan Singu M ingin M ogoke Lashio Ywar Thit Pauk Kone Htone Gyi Mya Thi Dar Y e -U Ah Lel Su Khin-U Hlay Poet Seik Hakha Sar Taung Gyi Tangyan Zee Kone Mya Sein !.
    [Show full text]
  • State Counsellor Inaugurates Myaungmya Bridge, Meets Local People in Kyaunggon, Pathein
    A SKILLED WORKFORCE IS THE BACKBONE OF OUR ECONOMY PAGE-8 (OPINION) NATIONAL NATIONAL Union Minister U Min Thu meets GAD Union Ministers inspect resorts in staff of Ayeyawady Region Taninthayi Region PAGE-6 PAGE-5 Vol. V, No. 351, 13th Waning of Tabaung 1380 ME www.globalnewlightofmyanmar.com Tuesday, 2 April 2019 State Counsellor inaugurates Myaungmya Bridge, meets local people in Kyaunggon, Pathein TATE Counsellor Daw mony and said: Aung San Suu Kyi ac- The old Myaungmya Scompanied by Union Bridge collapsed on 1 April Minister Lt-Gen Kyaw Swe, U 2018. This day last year was Min Thu, Dr. Aung Thu and U a tragic and sad day for the Ohn Win and officials left Nay local people. Exactly a year Pyi Taw by special plane and after this, the new Myaung- arrived in Pathein, Ayeyawady mya Bridge longed for by Region yesterday morning. the people was completed The State Counsellor and and opened and people can party were welcomed by Ay- use it. Although there is no eyawady Region Chief Minister doubt about the strength of U Hla Moe Aung, region minis- this bridge, there were many ters, Hluttaw representatives, bridges in Ayeyawady Region local populace and officials at that were not so satisfactory the Pathein airport. and fitting. Suspension bridg- From there the State es such as Labutta (Pinlelay) Counsellor and party went by Bridge, Wakema Bridge and motorcade to the temporary Shwelaung Bridge were also pandal where the opening cer- being upgraded to a stronger emony of Myaungmya Bridge Steel Box Girder bridges. So was held.
    [Show full text]
  • Shan State (North), Myanmar (!
    Myanmar Information Management Unit (! (! Shan State (North), Myanmar (! (! !( ! (! Momauk 96°30'E 97°E 97°30'E 98°E 98°30'E 99°E 99°30'E 100°E !Man Yin Mansi Pang Long Keng! ! Hpawng Hseng ( Nawng Hseng ! (Ta Yoke) Ah Kwe Keng Hmin Hwar Lin Chin Mu Lin Mone Long ! ! !!! ! ! Lawng! Hon Ai ! ! Man Pyone ! !Man Kin Maw Kyar Keng Monekoe Nawng Hpai Shauk Shi Zin Tar! Chint Tin Htan ! !! !( Pang Mway ! Townships and Village Tracts Self-Administered Zone Ngoet Sin Shwegu Pang Hseng Kawng Hsa Htay ! Mant Maw ! ! ! ! Yan May Shu Chin Mu Lin! !( ! ! ! Kawng Kway ! Man Yang (Kachin) Pang Hkan Kyint Htone ! Shi Tone Shwe ! !! Kon Kyar !Hsway Aik ! ! ! Kone Ma Na Man Nar ! ! Nam Chei ! ! Maw Hteik! ! ! ! Si Hpwar ! ! Y (Kyu Koke) Mant Kye Kawng Waing ! Kawng Long! La Shat Pu Wan Huong Mu Keng Nam Kyar Hon Aik Hkat Hkon Township !( Pang Tawng Hpaw Maw ! Myan Tat D (Shan) ! Pa Laung ! ! Pang Hsi Teing ! D Ma Yit Yan Long Muse Yi Hku Dum Kyar Keng Konkyan A ! Nawt Ko Kyein Yang Ton !Kyein Yan Loi Ho Pang (Kachin) Konkyan Zi Keng ! Nam Kar! ! ! ! ! ! !Nawng Hing ! W Mant Hkon Long Lum In ! Hkar Lin !Hkaw Baung A Kawng Hkan! ! ! Nam Har Hpar Hkam! ! ! Kokang Township Kokang R ! Nam Sum ! ! ! Loi Hsar KKokangokang Ruili Hpai Kyawng Ban Gyon Loi Wein Sagain Region Kokang R !Ngar Oe !! Mein Nwe Nam Kat! Loi Tan! ! Nam War I Nam Pang ! (Ta Yoke) ! ! ! ! Loi Ma Kauk ! ! Self-AdministeredSelf-Administered Zone Zone Shwe Kyaung Kone ! Nam Kat Wein Hseng Self-Administered ! !Nang Nwet Pya Chaung ! Kawng Hkar Pang Tat ! Wein Mai! Ho Nawng ! ! ! Muse Hwei!! Long
    [Show full text]
  • Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States. in Five
    GAZETTEER OF UPPER BURMA AND THE SHAN STATES. IN FIVE VOLUMES. COMPILED FROM OFFICIAL PAPERS BY J. GEORGE SCOTT. BARRISTER-AT-LAW, C.I.E., M.R.A.S., F.R.G.S., ASSISTED BY J. P. HARDIMAN, I.C.S. PART II.--VOL. III. RANGOON: PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BURMA. 1901. [PART II, VOLS. I, II & III,--PRICE: Rs. 12-0-0=18s.] CONTENTS. VOLUME III. Page. Page. Page. Ralang 1 Sagaing 36 Sa-le-ywe 83 Ralôn or Ralawn ib -- 64 Sa-li ib. Rapum ib -- ib. Sa-lim ib. Ratanapura ib -- 65 Sa-lin ib. Rawa ib. Saga Tingsa 76 -- 84 Rawkwa ib. Sagônwa or Sagong ib. Salin ib. Rawtu or Maika ib. Sa-gu ib. Sa-lin chaung 86 Rawva 2 -- ib. Sa-lin-daung 89 Rawvan ib. Sagun ib -- ib. Raw-ywa ib. Sa-gwe ib. Sa-lin-gan ib. Reshen ib. Sa-gyan ib. Sa-lin-ga-thu ib. Rimpi ib. Sa-gyet ib. Sa-lin-gôn ib. Rimpe ib. Sagyilain or Limkai 77 Sa-lin-gyi ib. Rosshi or Warrshi 3 Sa-gyin ib -- 90 Ruby Mines ib. Sa-gyin North ib. Sallavati ib. Ruibu 32 Sa-gyin South ib. Sa-lun ib. Rumklao ib. a-gyin San-baing ib. Salween ib. Rumshe ib. Sa-gyin-wa ib. Sama 103 Rutong ib. Sa-gyu ib. Sama or Suma ib. Sai Lein ib. Sa-me-gan-gôn ib. Sa-ba-dwin ib. Saileng 78 Sa-meik ib. Sa-ba-hmyaw 33 Saing-byin North ib. Sa-meik-kôn ib. Sa-ban ib.
    [Show full text]
  • No Store Name Region State/Province City District Address
    No Store Name Region State/Province City District Address Contact No 1 SHOWROOM_O2 MAHARBANDOOLA (MM) LOWER MYANMAR YAGON REGION WESTERN DISTRICT(DOWNTOWN) KYAUKTADA TOWNSHIP NO.212, PANSODAN ST. (MIDDLE BLOCK), KYAWKTADAR TSP 09 420162256 2 SHOWROOM_O2 BAGO (MM) LOWER MYANMAR BAGO REGION BAGO DISTRICT BAGO TOWNSHIP SHIN SAW PU QUARTER, BAGO TSP 09 967681616 3 SHOW ROOM _O2 _(SULE) LOWER MYANMAR YAGON REGION WESTERN DISTRICT(DOWNTOWN) KYAUKTADA TOWNSHIP NO.118, SULAY PAGODA RD, KYAUKTADAR TSP 09 454147773 4 SHOWROOM_MOBILE KING ZEWANA (MM) LOWER MYANMAR YAGON REGION EASTERN DISTRICT THINGANGYUN TOWNSHIP BLDG NO.38, ROOM B1, GROUND FL, LAYDAUNKAN ST, THINGANGYUN 09 955155994 5 SHOWROOM_M9_78ST(MM) UPPER MYANMAR MANDALAY REGION MANDALAY DISTRICT CHANAYETHAZAN TOWNSHIP NO.D3, 78 ST, BETWEEN 27 ST AND 28 ST, CHANAYETHARSAN TSP 09 977895028 6 SHOWROOM_M9 MAGWAY (MM) UPPER MYANMAR MAGWAY REGION MAGWAY DISTRICT MAGWAY TOWNSHIP MAGWAY TSP 09 977233181 7 SHOWROOM_M9_TAUNGYI (LANMADAW ROAD, TAUNGYIUPPER TSP) (MM) MYANMAR SHAN STATE TAUNGGYI DISTRICT TAUNGGYI TOWNSHIP LANMADAW ROAD, TAUNGYI TSP 09 977233182 8 SHOWROOM_M9 PYAY (MM) LOWER MYANMAR BAGO REGION PYAY DISTRICT PYAY TOWNSHIP LANMADAW ROAD, PYAY TSP 09 5376699 9 SHOWROOM_M9 MONYWA (MM), BOGYOKE ROAD, MONYWAUPPER TOWNSHIP MYANMAR SAGAING REGION MONYWA DISTRICT MONYWA TOWNSHIP BOGYOKE ROAD, MONYWA TSP. 09 977233179 10 SHOWROOM _O2_(BAK) LOWER MYANMAR YAGON REGION EASTERN DISTRICT BOTATAUNG TOWNSHIP BO AUNG KYAW ROAD, LOWER 09 428189521 11 SHOWROOM_EXCELLENT (YAYKYAW) (MM) LOWER MYANMAR YAGON
    [Show full text]
  • Release Lists English (4-Jun-2021)
    Section of Current No Name Sex /Age Father's Name Position Date of Arrest Plaintiff Address Remark Law Condition Myanmar Military Seizes Power and Senior NLD leaders including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint were 1-Feb-21 and 10- Released on 26 Feb detained. The NLD’s chief ministers and 1 Salai Lian Luai M Chief Minister of Chin State Chin State Feb-21 21 ministers in the states and regions were also detained. Myanmar Military Seizes Power and Senior NLD leaders including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint were Released on 26 Feb detained. The NLD’s chief ministers and 2 (U) Zo Bawi M Chin State Hluttaw Speaker 1-Feb-21 Chin State 21 ministers in the states and regions were also detained. Myanmar Military Seizes Power and Senior NLD leaders including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint were Released on 23 Feb detained. The NLD’s chief ministers and 3 (U) Naing Thet Lwin M Minister of Ethnic Affairs 1-Feb-21 Naypyitaw 21 ministers in the states and regions were also detained. Myanmar Military Seizes Power and Senior NLD leaders including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint were Minister of Natural Resources Released on 23 Feb detained. The NLD’s chief ministers and 4 (U) Ohn Win M and Environmental 1-Feb-21 Naypyitaw 21 ministers in the states and regions were also Conservation detained. Myanmar Military Seizes Power and Senior NLD leaders including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint were Minister of Social Affairs of Released on 2 Feb detained.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Sedimentology of the Sitha Formation in the Sedaw–Kyaukchaw Area, Patheingyi and Pyinoolwin Townships
    Title Sedimentology of the Sitha Formation in the Sedaw–Kyaukchaw Area, Patheingyi and Pyinoolwin Townships All Authors Khin Khin Lin and Myo Min Publication Type Local Publication Publisher (Journal name, Universities Research Journal, Vol. 4, No. 5, 71-86. issue no., page no etc.) The Sedaw-Kyaukchaw area forming a part of the western marginal zone of Eastern Highland lies to the east of the central Myanmar Tertiary Basin and is situated about 25 kilometers southeast of Mandalay in Patheingyi and Pyinoolwin Township. Sitha Formation is well exposed at the east of Sedaw- Kaiktan village as distinct as Sedaw scarp line, especially between first and third Reversing on Mandalay-Pyinoolwin railway station. Sitha Formation is mainly composed of massive, thick-bedded, thin- to medium-bedded, bluish grey limestone with irregular silt partings. Primary sedimentary structures chiefly planar and trough cross stratification of small to medium scale, hummocky cross stratification and planar bedding are also abundant. Therefore seven lithofacies Abstract and six microfacies are studied. According to the lithofacies and microfacies characteristics, indicate that the Sitha Formation was deposited warm shallow marine, subtidal and intertidal environments. The occurrences of the various types of stromatolites and oncoid structures are also abundant and characteristics, especially the 1st reversing and northern part of the Sedaw Chaung. These structures are also characteristics in the middle Ordovician sequences of the Wunbye Formation of the Southern Shan State. Although it needs to be study more, the two Formations of the Northern Shan State and Southern Shan State can correlate not only stratigraphy but also their depositional facies.
    [Show full text]
  • Progress Report 2018
    Progress Report 2018 National AIDS Program Ministry of Health and Sports Myanmar TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS 1 ABBREVIATIONS (Implementing partners and organizations) 3 FOREWORD 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 7 SUMMARY 9 PART I 13 INTRODUCTION 13 STRATEGIC DIRECTION I: REDUCING NEW HIV INFECTIONS 19 STRATEGIC DIRECTION II: IMPROVING HEALTH OUTCOMES FOR ALL PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV 80 STRATEGIC DIRECTION III: STRENGTHENING INTEGRATION OF COMMUNITY AND HEALTH SYSTEMS AND PROMOTING A HUMAN RIGHTS BASED APPROACH 99 STRATEGIC DIRECTION IV: STRENGTHENING STRATEGIC INFORMATION AND RESEARCH TO ENHANCE THE RESPONSE 108 STRATEGIC DIRECTION V: PROMOTING ACCOUNTABLE LEADERSHIP FOR THE DELIVERY OF RESULTS AND FINANCING OF A SUSTAINABLE RESPONSE 116 PART II 117 SERVICE PROVISION AT STATE AND REGION LEVEL 117 PART III 137 SERVICE PROVISION IN HIGHEST PRIORITY TOWNSHIPS 137 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Objectives and strategic milestones of NSP III 14 Figure 2: Strategic directions of NSP III 14 Figure 3: Myanmar 2020: HIV Prevention, Care and Treatment Continuum 15 Figure 4: Female sex workers reached with prevention, HTS and STI treatment (2011–2018) 21 Figure 5: Female sex workers reached with different prevention services by State/Region in 2018 25 Figure 6: Men who have sex with men reached with prevention, HTS and STI treatment (2011–2018) 30 Figure 7: Men who have sex with men reached with prevention services by State/Region (lower end figures) 2018 32 Figure 8: People who inject drugs reached with prevention, HTS and STI services (2011–2018) 37 Figure 9: People
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Development Plan for Mandalay 2040
    PART 2 Urban Development Plans for Target Three Cities Data Collection Survey on Urban Development Planning for Regional Cities - Mandalay, Pathein, and Mawlamyine - Final Report / Part-II: Urban Development Plans for Target Three Cities Part 2: Urban Development Plans for Target Three Cities The urban development plans for target three cities are written from the next pages in order of followings; Mandalay 2040 (the page sub-number is “2-MDY-xx”) Pathein 2040 (the page sub-number is “2-PTN-xx”) Mawlamyine 2040 (the page sub-number is “2-MWM-xx”) NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD., NINE STEPS CORPORATION, and INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CENTER OF JAPAN 2-1 Urban Development Plan for Mandalay 2040 Urban Development Plan for Mandalay 2040 Final Report Urban Development Plan for Mandalay 2040 1 Introduction and Planning Framework 1.1 Background of the Plan Due to the promotion of economic deregulation after shifting the policy to emphasize reforms on international relations and economy since 2011, Myanmar has been more powerful as a new investment frontier in Asia as well as worldwide. Myanmar’s gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is estimated to reach the level of middle-income countries by 2030 in case economic reforms and foreign direct investments continue steadily. The Government of Myanmar formulated the "National Comprehensive Development Plan (NCDP)" in 2014 through the Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development, which indicates the development policies of the whole country and presents the guidelines of comprehensive development of all sectors and strategic national development goals. In parallel, the Ministry of Construction (MOC) has been preparing the “Urban and Regional Development Planning Law” to be enacted soon in 2016 in order to support formulating urban development plans within the country systematically and to enforce management system in implementing the plans for local authorities.
    [Show full text]
  • Flood Inundated Area in Magway and Mandalay and Sagaing Region
    Myanmar Information Management Unit ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Flood Inundated Area in Magway! and Mandalay! ! and Sagaing Region ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! (as of 9 August 2016)! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Win Ma Nar Htauk Shar Ma Soe !Yein Kone Thar Si Son Kone Koe Pin Tha Hpan Chaung ! !Kone Te Hta Naung Kaing Hna Ma Sar Yit Min Ga Lar Ta Yaw Taw ! Shan Taw ! ! ! ! Wet Toe ! ! Tha Lone ! Sin Oh ! Kan! Pyar ! May Khun Kawt Nga Pyin Inn Nat Taung ! !Ohn Ta Pin In Pin Kyon Taw Ywar Taw ! ! ! ! Chin Twin Tauk Ka Shat ! ! Myo Thar Shauk Pin Yoe 94°45'E 95°0'E ! Inn Kone 95°15'E ! 95°30'E ! 95°45'E Tei Pin 96°0'E ! Yin Yein ! ! ! ! Ma Gyi Oke! Kya Khat ! ! Kalewa Let Pan Su ! !Hta Naung Pa Kar (North) ! ! ! Hta Naung Wun ! Myaung Gyi ! ! ! Kywe Toe Chon ! ! Inn Kwet (East) ! ! In Ga Myin !Daing Nat ! ! ! ! ! Gway Pin Kone ! ! Zee Hpyu Kone ! Tei Pin Let Se U Hta Naung Pa Kar (South) ! ! ! U Yin Taw (South) !( Tha Yet Kone Nyaung Yin ! ! ! ! Tet Khaung Sin Wut Kone Zee Kone Kyauk Ywar Thit Gyi Ta Laing Ngoke ! ! Kyun Pin Aing (West) ! ! ! ! ! Min Bay ! Inn Kwet (West) ! ! ! ! Mauk Tet Shwe Dar Kan ! Chaung !Mee To Kyauk Myint ! Kan Taw Nat Ywea Gwa Wet Ye Hnaw Pin Gyi Sat Thwar ! Taze Kyoet Kone Kanbalu ! ! ! ! Ta Nel Gyi Kone ! ! Ohn Pauk Tha Pyay Kone Oke Shit Kan ! Ta Ohn ! !Taw U Ba ! ! ! ! Myaung
    [Show full text]
  • NPT Booklet Cover 6Feb Combined
    AY PYI TA PYI TAW NAY N M I C E I S N I C E W AY PYI TA N M I C E I S N I C E W , MICE IS NICE ay Pyi Taw the capital city of Myanmar, sits at the centre of the country which itself sits at the cross roads of Asia between two vast emerging powers, India and China. The capital and the country are admirably positioned to becomeN major players in the near future. Already since the regime change in 2010 Myanmar has re-staked its claim on the world stage. 2013 saw the hosting of the South East Asian Games and the World Economic Forum (East Asia) and 2014 the Chairmanship of ASEAN. Myanmar is blessed with abundant natural resources, a large and young workforce, wide-ranging investment opportunities, and a government that is determined to guide the country to a democratic, market-orientated economy. Nay Pyi Taw, the capital since 2005, has green credentials. It combines pleasing and interesting architecture, good landscaping and no traffic jams or pollution. Seated in the middle of the country, this government city is a hub with good air, road and rail connections. For the business community it offers first rate hotels, up to date convention centres and a fine new sports stadium. For the traveller there are many Caroline Courtauld Caroline local sights to enjoy and it is an excellent jumping-off point to explore the rest of Myanmar’s rich cultural heritage. For these reasons it is the ‘green’ city from which to engage in business and tourism.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar Information Management Unit Pyinoolwin Township
    MyanmarInformation Manage meUnit nt PyinoolwinTownship Mand alayRegion, Myanmar 96°20'E 96°30'E 96°40'E Singu Township / ! 22°20'N 22°20'N !( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Shan KyaukMe Lay ! State ! ! ! Nawnghkio Madaya Township Sa KhanSa Ya ! ! Township! N aungPein Lay(Me Mauk) ! ! !MeTaw ! KyunTaing 22°10'N ! 22°10'N ! ! Taung!Gyi ! N yaung! Kone ! ThetKan Chaing !SayLoneTa SeinPan ! ! BoeNay Dun ! PinLein (Midd le) ! TarBu ! ! ! Me eThway Hpo ThetKan Kone (Hmyawt Taw) PinLein (East) ! PiTaukPin KoneKaw WWun e t ZayKone ! ! ! !KyunPinTa PanTaungU ThaPyay Yae ! ! Chaing !KyaukKhwet !N yaungTharYar TaungKyun MyaingGyi ! ! ! N yaungPin Thar !Y aeThaYauk Kone PwaySu)Kauk Lar (Ku ! !ChaungU !OkeHpo !KyeTet t !N aungLone !KoneBaw ! ! HtoneBo !SinHpyu Inn !HmaingLone !SinLan Ae!Par LelPyaung Pyan ! N anKat N aungHlaing Pathe ingyi ! ! Y waTharYar ! ThaYePyin t ! Township ThaPyay Yae Let PanLet Kone ! Pyinoolwin ! !( !PinTee ! !( KyweNwar Htauk ! !Kye eKaing ToeGyi Kone ! KoneTharGyi (YwarMa) ! ! 22°0'N InnYar SiSon 22°0'N !Y aeChan Su ! !HmyinTaung Y aeMaung Kone ! ! ThinGaTon !ThaYeKone t !InnSone !KyaingTaung TwinNge !ShweThin ! Pyinoolwin ! KoneTharLay Township HoLeik !ZeeKhar ! !NKu ar !WBoe ar Yae InnPoke ! ThaYePin Inn t ! ChaungChar ! InnGyi ! ! ThaikTaw ! KinPaLin) (Nar !PyinGyi !BanThar ThoneTaung TarBu ! TharIn ! ! AungChan Thar !N yanNyin Thar Dar ThwayDar Kyauk ! !PeinHne Kone (North) !ThaYeChaung t ! KyinGaNaing !PeinHne Kone (South) !PonKone ! KyaukHpyar Doe ! KyarTwin Yae !Baw ! ! !ThoneTaung Bu Tar (KanPyin) Tar Bu ! !
    [Show full text]