Shan State (North), Myanmar (!
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Mandalay Region
Probable Flood Inundated Area in Singu, Madaya, Tada-U and Sagaing Townships (as of 28 July 2020, 06:20 AM) Nyaung Kan Gway Pin Kone Ma Gyi Thone Pin Shwe Hlay Koke Ko Ywar Taw Lay Hin Thar Gyi 96°0'E 96°15'E Thar Yar Kone (Ywar Taw Lay) Hpakant Htan Koe Pin Hkamti Myitkyina Ku Lar Ma Kyaung Man Kan !. Min LayShi Thea Kyun M ogaung W aingmaw Let Kauk Kya Shwebo M yitkyina Kyaung Seik Kan GyiHomalin Taw M ohnyin 22°30'N Ta Dar U 22°30'N India KACHIN Doe Pin Kone Ywar Thit Kone Nyaung Pin Pu Zee Pin Kone Khet Thin Ngwe Taung Chaung Wa Taung Kaing (North) M omauk China / Ngar Pi Oe Banmauk Htone Bo Kone Se Gyi Shwegu Taung Kaing (South) Ind aw Katha Paungb yin Bhamo Nyaung Wun Tamu Bon Thar Kone Se Thei (South) Pinleb u W untho Hta Naung Thar M ansi M use Tigyaing Namhkan Shar Kwe Tonzang M awlaik Kawlin Kyar U Yin Ywar Ma SAGAING M abe in Chaung Mee To Yae Taw Kyunhla Kutkai M anton Kyar U Yin Kyun Ywar Thit Kone Shwe Pyi Ted im Kalewa Let Pan Kone Kanb alu Thabe ikkyin Hseni Yae Ka Moe Ngar Ein Taung Yae Chan Zay Kone Kyun Si Kale M ongmit Htee Kone Mya Kan Thar Lel Kaing Taze Namtu Pauk Kone Thar Yar Wa Di Taung Inn Falam Namhsan Singu M ingin M ogoke Lashio Ywar Thit Pauk Kone Htone Gyi Mya Thi Dar Y e -U Ah Lel Su Khin-U Hlay Poet Seik Hakha Sar Taung Gyi Tangyan Zee Kone Mya Sein !. -
The Lower Paleozoic Stratigraphy of Western Part of the Southern Shan State, Burma
Geol. Soc. Malaysia, Bulletin 6, July 1973; pp. 143-163. The Lower Paleozoic Stratigraphy of Western Part of the Southern Shan State, Burma MYINT LWIN THEINl Abstract: Rocks of all periods of the Lower Paleozoic are exposed at the western part of the Southern Shan State, typically at the Pindaya and Bawsaing (formerly known as Mawson) ranges. The Cambrian rocks are recently discovered, the Ordovician and Silurian rocks have been systematically restudied and grouped into formal lithostratigraphical units. The Cambrian (Upper), Molohein Group proposed here as a new lithostratigraphic unit, is essentially made up of clastic sediments, and composed of slightly metamorphosed mica ceous, fine-grained, pinkish to brown sandstones, and light-colored quartzites as principal rock types, and coarse-grained, pinkish sandstones, grits, greywacke, conglomerates and dolomites as minor rock types. These rocks are exposed as the cores of Pindaya Range and Hethin Hill in Bawsaing Range. The discovery of Saukiella and related genera from the mica ceous sandstones enabled the assignment of the unit as Upper Cambrian. The thickness of the group is about 3,500 feet. The lower boundary of the unit in contact with the Chaungmagyi rocks of the pre-Cambrian age (La Touche, 1913) is unconformable, while the upper bound ary in contact with the lower boundary of the Lokepyin Formation (Ordovician) is grada tional. The Ordovician rocks of the Southern Shan State can conveniently be grouped into the Pindaya Group which includes the Pindaya Beds and Mawson Series of Brown and Sondhi (1933). The Pindaya Group, herein, could be differentiated into four newly proposed forma tions, viz., (from lowest to uppermost), Lokepyin Formation (essentially containing grey siltstones), Wunbye Formation (essentially containing bedded limestones with burrowed structures and interbedded grey siltstones), Nan-on Formation (essentially containing yellow to buff color siltstones and mudstones, and Tanshauk Member (containing purplish shales and siltstones) of Nan-on Formation. -
Militarized Conflicts in Northern Shan State
A Return to War: Militarized Conflicts in Northern Shan State ASIA PAPER May 2018 EUROPEAN UNION A Return to War: Militarized Conflicts in Northern Shan State © Institute for Security and Development Policy V. Finnbodavägen 2, Stockholm-Nacka, Sweden www.isdp.eu “A Return to War: Militarized Conflicts in Northern Shan State” is an Asia Paper published by the published by the Institute for Security and Development Policy. The Asia Paper Series is the Occasional Paper series of the Institute’s Asia Program, and addresses topical and timely subjects. The Institute is based in Stockholm, Sweden, and cooperates closely with research centers worldwide. The Institute serves a large and diverse community of analysts, scholars, policy-watchers, business leaders, and journalists. It is at the forefront of research on issues of conflict, security, and development. Through its applied research, publications, research cooperation, public lectures, and seminars, it functions as a focal point for academic, policy, and public discussion. This publication has been produced with funding by the European Union. The content of this publication does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed in the paper lies entirely with the authors. No third-party textual or artistic material is included in the publication without the copyright holder’s prior consent to further dissemination by other third parties. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. © European Union and ISDP, 2018 Printed in Lithuania ISBN: 978-91-88551-11-5 Cover photo: Patrick Brown patrickbrownphoto.com Distributed in Europe by: Institute for Security and Development Policy Västra Finnbodavägen 2, 131 30 Stockholm-Nacka, Sweden Tel. -
State Counsellor Inaugurates Myaungmya Bridge, Meets Local People in Kyaunggon, Pathein
A SKILLED WORKFORCE IS THE BACKBONE OF OUR ECONOMY PAGE-8 (OPINION) NATIONAL NATIONAL Union Minister U Min Thu meets GAD Union Ministers inspect resorts in staff of Ayeyawady Region Taninthayi Region PAGE-6 PAGE-5 Vol. V, No. 351, 13th Waning of Tabaung 1380 ME www.globalnewlightofmyanmar.com Tuesday, 2 April 2019 State Counsellor inaugurates Myaungmya Bridge, meets local people in Kyaunggon, Pathein TATE Counsellor Daw mony and said: Aung San Suu Kyi ac- The old Myaungmya Scompanied by Union Bridge collapsed on 1 April Minister Lt-Gen Kyaw Swe, U 2018. This day last year was Min Thu, Dr. Aung Thu and U a tragic and sad day for the Ohn Win and officials left Nay local people. Exactly a year Pyi Taw by special plane and after this, the new Myaung- arrived in Pathein, Ayeyawady mya Bridge longed for by Region yesterday morning. the people was completed The State Counsellor and and opened and people can party were welcomed by Ay- use it. Although there is no eyawady Region Chief Minister doubt about the strength of U Hla Moe Aung, region minis- this bridge, there were many ters, Hluttaw representatives, bridges in Ayeyawady Region local populace and officials at that were not so satisfactory the Pathein airport. and fitting. Suspension bridg- From there the State es such as Labutta (Pinlelay) Counsellor and party went by Bridge, Wakema Bridge and motorcade to the temporary Shwelaung Bridge were also pandal where the opening cer- being upgraded to a stronger emony of Myaungmya Bridge Steel Box Girder bridges. So was held. -
Summary of War Crimes by Burma Army During Offensive in Central Shan State Since Oct 6, 2015
Summary of war crimes by Burma Army during offensive in central Shan State since Oct 6, 2015 Shelling/bombing of civilian targets Date Type of attack Targeted civilian area Oct 26, 2015 Shelling, causing civilian injury Wan Mwe Taw village, Waeng Kao tract, Mong Nawng township Oct 28, 2015 Shelling, causing civilian injury Wan Hai village (residential area), Ke See township Nov 9, 2015 Shelling causing damage to Mong Nawng town (est. 6,000 population) civilian houses Nov 10, 2015 Shelling and aerial bombing Mong Nawng town (est. 6,000 population) causing civilian injury and damage to civilian houses and school Nov 10, 2015 Shelling and aerial bombing Wan Saw village, Mong Hsu township (where causing damage to civilian houses over 1,500 displaced villagers were sheltering) Nov 12, 2015 Shelling causing damage to Mong Nawng town (est. 6,000 population) civilian houses Other abuses against civilians by Burma Army troops Date Villagers Type of abuse Location Oct 26, a 53-yr-old man Shot and injured by Wan Koong Nim, Hai Pa tract, Mong Hsu 2015 Burma Army troops township while fleeing shelling Nov 5, a 32-yr-old woman Gang-raped by Burma (village name withheld) Ke See township 2015 Army troops Nov 8, a 55-yr-old woman Shot and injured by Nr. Wan Hoong Kham, Waeng Kao tract, 2015 and a 15-yr-old boy Burma Army troops Mong Nawng township while returning from farm Nov 22, 17 villagers now Shot at by Burma Army Nr Mong Ark, Mong Hsu township 2015 missing, suspected troops while harvesting injured or killed rice Estimated number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) resulting from current offensive in central Shan State (November 23, 2015) No. -
Update by the Shan Human Rights Foundation March 27, 2020 Burma
Update by the Shan Human Rights Foundation March 27, 2020 Burma Army troops shell indiscriminately, loot property, use forced labor during large-scale operation against NCA signatory RCSS/SSA in Mong Kung Since February 27, 2020, about 1,500 Burma Army troops from nine battalions have carried out an operation in Mong Kung, central Shan State, to seize and occupy a mountaintop camp of the Restoration Council of Shan State/Shan State Army (RCSS/SSA). Indiscriminate shelling and shooting forced about 800 villagers to flee their homes, after which troops looted their property. 17 villages have been forced to provide bamboo to the Burma Army to fortify the camp seized from RCSS/SSA. The operation was authorized at the highest level, involving nine battalions from three regional commands: Light Infantry Battalions (LIB) 520, 574, 575 from the Taunggyi-based Eastern Command; LIB 136, LIB 325, IB 22, IB 33 from the Lashio-based Northeastern Command; and LIB 246, 525 from the Kho Lam-based Eastern Central Command. The camp seized from the RCSS/SSA lies on the strategic mountaintop of Loi Don, between Mong Kung, Ke See and Hsipaw townships. One year ago, in March 2019, the Burma Army launched a similar attack to seize the Pang Kha mountain base of the Shan State Progress Party/Shan State Army (SSPP/SSA), about 10 kilometers north of Loi Don. This is despite the fact that both Shan armies have bilateral ceasefire agreements with the government, and the RCSS/SSA has signed the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA). The Burma Army’s brazen violation of existing ceasefires, in order to expand their military infrastructure in Shan State, shows their clear insincerity towards the peace process. -
Current Ethnic Issues (Kachin & Shan)
Current Ethnic Issues (Kachin & Shan) Report By Foreign Affairs United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC) Date: 7th July, 2011 “Current Kachin Conflict & list of Internally Displaced People” 1) On June, 8th 2011 KIA arrested 3 servicemen of Burma Army Light Infantry Battalion 437 (Including 2 officers) who covertly entered into KIO’s restricted area to gather intelligence. At 5:00 pm, Burma Army soldiers stormed into KIO liaison office in Sang Gang Village and arbitrarily arrested Liaison officer Lance Corporal Chyang Ying. 2) On June 9th at 7:00am, 200 Burma Army soldiers marched into Sang Gang Post unannounced and started shooting at KIA troops. KIA shot back and fire fight lasted close to three hours. 3 Burma Army soldiers killed and 6 injured. And, 2 KIA soldiers injured. KIA negotiated with the Northern Command Burma Army to exchange 3 Burma Army captives for all of KIA servicemen captured in the past years and also Liaison Officer Chyang Ying. Burma Army replied that all other captives have been forwarded to the courts since we are the government that is governed by the rule of law. However, we still have Chyang Ying in our custody, and if desired he could be exchanged for the 3 captives in your custody. 3) On June 10th 2011, in good faith, KIA obliged to their request, and release the 2 officers and 1 private. When Chyang Ying was to be returned, five Burma Army soldiers carried his corpse to bring back his dead body. The Liaison Officer was inhumanely tortured and brutally beaten during interrogation and laid under the sun on the front lawn of the Burma Army post. -
Appendix Appendix
APPENDIX APPENDIX DYNASTIC LISTS, WITH GOVERNORS AND GOVERNORS-GENERAL Burma and Arakan: A. Rulers of Pagan before 1044 B. The Pagan dynasty, 1044-1287 C. Myinsaing and Pinya, 1298-1364 D. Sagaing, 1315-64 E. Ava, 1364-1555 F. The Toungoo dynasty, 1486-1752 G. The Alaungpaya or Konbaung dynasty, 1752- 1885 H. Mon rulers of Hanthawaddy (Pegu) I. Arakan Cambodia: A. Funan B. Chenla C. The Angkor monarchy D. The post-Angkor period Champa: A. Linyi B. Champa Indonesia and Malaya: A. Java, Pre-Muslim period B. Java, Muslim period C. Malacca D. Acheh (Achin) E. Governors-General of the Netherlands East Indies Tai Dynasties: A. Sukhot'ai B. Ayut'ia C. Bangkok D. Muong Swa E. Lang Chang F. Vien Chang (Vientiane) G. Luang Prabang 954 APPENDIX 955 Vietnam: A. The Hong-Bang, 2879-258 B.c. B. The Thuc, 257-208 B.C. C. The Trieu, 207-I I I B.C. D. The Earlier Li, A.D. 544-602 E. The Ngo, 939-54 F. The Dinh, 968-79 G. The Earlier Le, 980-I009 H. The Later Li, I009-I225 I. The Tran, 1225-I400 J. The Ho, I400-I407 K. The restored Tran, I407-I8 L. The Later Le, I4I8-I8o4 M. The Mac, I527-I677 N. The Trinh, I539-I787 0. The Tay-Son, I778-I8o2 P. The Nguyen Q. Governors and governors-general of French Indo China APPENDIX DYNASTIC LISTS BURMA AND ARAKAN A. RULERS OF PAGAN BEFORE IOH (According to the Burmese chronicles) dat~ of accusion 1. Pyusawti 167 2. Timinyi, son of I 242 3· Yimminpaik, son of 2 299 4· Paikthili, son of 3 . -
The Burma Army's Offensive Against the Shan State Army
EBO The Burma Army’s Offensive Against the Shan State Army - North ANALYSIS PAPER No. 3 2011 THE BURMA ARMY’S OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE SHAN STATE ARMY - NORTH EBO Analysis Paper No. 3/2011 On 11 November 2010, a fire fight between troops of Burma Army Light Infantry Division (LID) 33 and Battalion 24 of the Shan State Army-North (SSA-N) 1st Brigade at Kunkieng-Wanlwe near the 1st Brigade’s main base, marked the beginning of the new military offensive against the ethnic armed groups in Shan and Kachin States. Tensions between the Burma Army and the ethnic groups, which had ceasefire agreements, started to mount after the Burma Army delivered an ultimatum in April 2009 for the groups to become Border Guard Forces. Prior to this, the Burma Army had always maintained that it did not have jurisdiction over political issues and that the groups could maintain their arms and negotiate with the new elected government for a political solution. Most of the larger ethnic groups refused to become BGFs, and in August 2009 the Burma Army attacked and seized control of Kokang (MNDAA), sending shock waves through the ethnic communities and the international community. Following the outcry, the Burma Army backed down and seemed content to let matters die down as it concentrated on holding the much publicized general elections on 7 November 2010. The attack against the SSA-N is seen was the first in a series of military offensives designed to fracture and ultimately destroy all armed ethnic opposition in the country’s ethnic borderlands.1 While the SSA-N lost its bases, this is unlikely to reduce its ability to conduct guerrilla operation against the Burma Army. -
Report Administration of Burma
REPORT ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF BURMA FOR THE YEAR 1933=34 RANGOON SUPDT., GOVT. PRINTING AND STATIONERY, BURMA 1935 LIST OF AGENTS FOR THE SALE~OF GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. IN BURMA. AllERICAN BAPTIST llIISSION PRESS, Rangoon. BISWAS & Co., 226 Lewis Street, Rangoon. BRITISH BURMA PRESS BRANCH, Rangoon .. ·BURMA BOO!, CLUB, LTD., Poat Box No. 1068, Rangoon. - NEW LIGHT 01' BURlL\ Pl?ESS, 61 Sule Pagoda Road, Rangoon. PROPRIETOR, THU DHA!IIA \VADI PRE,S, 16-80 lliaun!l :m,ine Street. Rangoon. RANGOOX TIMES PRESS, Rangoon. THE CITY BOOK CLUB, 98 Phayre Street, Rangoon . l\IESSRS, K. BIN HOON & Soi.:s, Nyaunglebin. MAUNG Lu GALE, Law Book Depot, 42 Ayo-o-gale. Manrlalay. ·CONTINENTAL TR.-\DDiG co.. No. 353 Lower Main Road. ~Ioulmein. lN INDIA. BOOK Co., Ltd., 4/4A College Sq<1are, Calcutta. BUTTERWORTH & Co. Undlal, "Ltd., Calcutta . .s. K. LAHIRI & Co., 56 College Street, Calcutta. ,v. NEWMAN & Co., Calcutta. THACKER, SPI:-K & Co., Calcutta, and Simla. D. B. TARAPOREVALA, Soxs & Co., Bombay. THACKER & Co., LTD., Bombay. CITY BOO!! Co., Post Box No. 283, l\Iadras. H!GGINBOTH.UI:& Co., Madras. ·111R. RA~I NARAIN LAL, Proprietor, National1Press, Katra.:Allahabad. "MESSRS. SAllPSON WILL!A!II & Co., Cawnpore, United Provinces, IN }j:URUPE .-I.ND AMERICA, -·xhc publications are obtainable either ~direct from THE HIGH COMMISS!Oli:ER FOR INDIA, Public Department, India House Aldwych, London, \V.C. 2, or through any bookseller. TABLE OF CONTENTS. :REPORT ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF BURMA FOR THE YEAR 1933-34. Part 1.-General Summary. Part 11.-Departmental Chapters. CHAPTER !.-PHYSICAL AND POLITICAT. GEOGRAPHY. "PHYSICAL-- POLITICAL-co11clcl. -
Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States. in Five
GAZETTEER OF UPPER BURMA AND THE SHAN STATES. IN FIVE VOLUMES. COMPILED FROM OFFICIAL PAPERS BY J. GEORGE SCOTT. BARRISTER-AT-LAW, C.I.E., M.R.A.S., F.R.G.S., ASSISTED BY J. P. HARDIMAN, I.C.S. PART II.--VOL. III. RANGOON: PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BURMA. 1901. [PART II, VOLS. I, II & III,--PRICE: Rs. 12-0-0=18s.] CONTENTS. VOLUME III. Page. Page. Page. Ralang 1 Sagaing 36 Sa-le-ywe 83 Ralôn or Ralawn ib -- 64 Sa-li ib. Rapum ib -- ib. Sa-lim ib. Ratanapura ib -- 65 Sa-lin ib. Rawa ib. Saga Tingsa 76 -- 84 Rawkwa ib. Sagônwa or Sagong ib. Salin ib. Rawtu or Maika ib. Sa-gu ib. Sa-lin chaung 86 Rawva 2 -- ib. Sa-lin-daung 89 Rawvan ib. Sagun ib -- ib. Raw-ywa ib. Sa-gwe ib. Sa-lin-gan ib. Reshen ib. Sa-gyan ib. Sa-lin-ga-thu ib. Rimpi ib. Sa-gyet ib. Sa-lin-gôn ib. Rimpe ib. Sagyilain or Limkai 77 Sa-lin-gyi ib. Rosshi or Warrshi 3 Sa-gyin ib -- 90 Ruby Mines ib. Sa-gyin North ib. Sallavati ib. Ruibu 32 Sa-gyin South ib. Sa-lun ib. Rumklao ib. a-gyin San-baing ib. Salween ib. Rumshe ib. Sa-gyin-wa ib. Sama 103 Rutong ib. Sa-gyu ib. Sama or Suma ib. Sai Lein ib. Sa-me-gan-gôn ib. Sa-ba-dwin ib. Saileng 78 Sa-meik ib. Sa-ba-hmyaw 33 Saing-byin North ib. Sa-meik-kôn ib. Sa-ban ib. -
Myanmar Languages | Ethnologue
7/24/2016 Myanmar Languages | Ethnologue Myanmar LANGUAGES Akeu [aeu] Shan State, Kengtung and Mongla townships. 1,000 in Myanmar (2004 E. Johnson). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Akheu, Aki, Akui. Classi囕cation: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Ngwi-Burmese, Ngwi, Southern. Comments: Non-indigenous. More Information Akha [ahk] Shan State, east Kengtung district. 200,000 in Myanmar (Bradley 2007a). Total users in all countries: 563,960. Status: 3 (Wider communication). Alternate Names: Ahka, Aini, Aka, Ak’a, Ekaw, Ikaw, Ikor, Kaw, Kha Ko, Khako, Khao Kha Ko, Ko, Yani. Dialects: Much dialectal variation; some do not understand each other. Classi囕cation: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Ngwi-Burmese, Ngwi, Southern. More Information Anal [anm] Sagaing: Tamu town, 10 households. 50 in Myanmar (2010). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Namfau. Classi囕cation: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Sal, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern. Comments: Non- indigenous. Christian. More Information Anong [nun] Northern Kachin State, mainly Kawnglangphu township. 400 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley), decreasing. Ethnic population: 10,000 (Bradley 2007b). Total users in all countries: 450. Status: 7 (Shifting). Alternate Names: Anoong, Anu, Anung, Fuchve, Fuch’ye, Khingpang, Kwingsang, Kwinp’ang, Naw, Nawpha, Nu. Dialects: Slightly di㨽erent dialects of Anong spoken in China and Myanmar, although no reported diഡculty communicating with each other. Low inherent intelligibility with the Matwang variety of Rawang [raw]. Lexical similarity: 87%–89% with Anong in Myanmar and Anong in China, 73%–76% with T’rung [duu], 77%–83% with Matwang variety of Rawang [raw]. Classi囕cation: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Central Tibeto-Burman, Nungish. Comments: Di㨽erent from Nung (Tai family) of Viet Nam, Laos, and China, and from Chinese Nung (Cantonese) of Viet Nam.