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THE POLITICAL CAREER of JAMES A. FARLEY by .Eaplene Swind^Man a Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT of HISTORY In

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THE POLITICAL CAREER of JAMES A. FARLEY by .Eaplene Swind^Man a Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT of HISTORY In The political career of James A. Farley Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Swindeman, Earlene, 1941- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 01/10/2021 10:23:49 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/317993 THE POLITICAL CAREER OF JAMES A. FARLEY by .Eaplene Swind^man A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS . In The Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfill­ ment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknow­ ledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the inter­ ests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, per­ mission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED APPROVAL BY THESIS DIRECTOR This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: y Herman Bateman V Dkte Professor of History ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author expresses foremost appreciation to her advisors Dr. Herman Bateman3 for his prompt and considerate guidance in directing this thesis. Additional acknowledg­ ments and thanks are extended to Mr. James A. Parley for his valuable correspondence, and to Miss Madelem Fare whose thesis was of significant value. Special appreciation is given to the author's husband for his critical yet patient assistance concerning many facets of the preparation of the manuscript, iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT.. O O OO0 0 0 00 00060 oodo o ooo Chapter I. THE YOUNG JAMES PARLEY. 000000000600000000 II. TAKING IT ON THE CHIN. OOOOOOOOOQOOOOO O III. DRIFTING APART... 0000000000000000000 0000 IV. PARTING OF WAYS....... 000000000 0 0 0000 F. THE 1942 NEW YORK CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION VI. CONCLUSION.I o 00 o 00 o 000 0000 o 000 o 0000006 o 00 O LIST OF REFERENCES.'000000000 o ooooooooooooo ABSTRACT This thesis represents an effort to describe and analyze James A. Farley’s public life from his first politi­ cal post in 1909 to the 1942 New York Congressional election straggle. Since Parley was Chairman of the Democratic National Committee and Postmaster General from 1932 to 1940, the author has discussed the elections in which Parley was involved, his relationship and conflicts with Roosevelt and also his role in the Democratic Party during this period. Due to his effective techniques. Parley, as Roosevelt’s campaign manager, was credited by many for having put Roosevelt in the White House in 1932. Parley was appointed Postmaster General and was selected as Democratic National Chairman as a reward for his effort. All went reasonably well between Roosevelt and Parley for the first three years of Roosevelt’s administration, despite the fact that Parley sometimes felt that the President was using him as a scapegoat over certain political issues. Differences in political ideals began to become increasingly more apparent between the two men. Parley was an old line party politician. To him, party unity and loyalty were foremost. Roosevelt., on the contrary, was interested essentially in his New Deal principles, and how to transform them into substantive pro­ grams. These differing political views were irreconcilable. v and. after the .194.0. Demo or at ie Convention s Parley and Roosevelt went separate ways. CHAPTER I THE YOTOG JAMES PARLEY James A. Farley was a man of great power and prestige In early 1932. He was Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, Roosevelt’s campaign manager, and soon to become Postmaster Gdrieral of the United States, In addition to these positions^ he was a successful businessman "as well. How did this small town boy achieve so much? Perhaps this question can be partially answered by an investigation of his background. Farley believes that his birthplace. Grassy Point, New York, had a profound influence on his entire life, and throughout his two autobiographies, he.frequently referred to i t . In this small town background, with close family ties, Farley grew up to be a sensitive, active extrovert. The members of his family were staunch Catholics, and he in turn has been a firm believer in this faith. The fact that he was a Catholic affected Farley’s political future, as shall be discussed in the following pages. He was born May 30, 1888, to James and Ellen Farley, a family of modest means, yet one which managed to live James A. Farley, Behind the Ballots (New York: Har- court. Brace and Comp., 1938), p. 192.™ 1 cemfertably ©n the seni©r Farley’s salary. B®th James and Ellen Farley were b©rn In the state ©f New York and were the children of Irish Immigrants. In early 1898, the elder Farley was the victim of a fatal accident, leaving a widow with five sons to provide for. Young James, aged nine, and his four brothers were soon to feel the pressures of family 2 responsibility. Farley’s formal education began at the age of five when he attended Grassy Point Grammar School. When he reached the eighth grade, he was transferred to Stony Point Grammar School. Upon graduation from high school, he entered the Packard Commercial School in New York City where he com- 3 pleted a one year business course. Much later in life, Farley commented that even though he had several honorary degrees, he very much regretted not having gone on to college to earn his degrees in the conven- tional manner. After finishing the business course, Farley worked for the Merlin Keiholtz Paper Company for two ye airs, and then secured a position with the United States Gypsum Company where he remained for fifteen years. Following these valu­ able years with U.S. Gypsum, Farley in partnership with his 2 James A. Farley, Jim Farley’s Story (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Comp., Inc., 1948), p. 2. 3 Ibid. 4*--- Ibid., p. 43. 3 brother-in-law, Harry Finnegan, organized a building materi­ als firm known as James A. Farley and Company, Inc. This business venture proved to be very successful, and soon the owners merged with several other companies to form a pros­ perous corporation called the General Builders Supply Cor- 5 poration, then one of the largest of its kind. Farley's political career also prospered. His father was a Democrat and influenced his sons in that, direc- 6 tion. Farley won his first political position in 1909, as Democratic town chairman of Stony Point. Two years later he was elected town clerk and was re-elected to that post three times. Being a player on the Grassy Point baseball team gave Farley a great deal of popularity in his home town, and he exploited this esteem to further his political career. "Stretch" Farley was then twenty-one years old and the teamis celebrated first baseman. The office of Town Super­ visor was his next step up the ladder. These positions which Farley held were no small victories for the Democratic Party, since Rockland County was traditionally a Republican strong­ hold. Farley won these offices by methods tried and trusted in political circles. Few voters in his district ever met him on the street without being greeted by their first names. The young, pali-t-iean attended most local christenings, — r - Ibid., p. 2. 6 - Raymond Holey, 27 Masters of Politics (New York: Funk and Wagnalls Comp., 1949), p. 107. 14 weddings9 funeralss and public functions. Later, as Post­ master General of the United States, he did not alter his 7 technique. The year 1918 proved to be extremely successful for Parley, He gained a foothold in state politics when he was elected Democratic county chairman of Rockland County. In the hopes of making his county better recognized in New York State politics. Parley contacted Alfred E. Smith, then Presi­ dent of the New York Board of Aldermen, and urged him to be- 8 come a candidate for governor. Smith did campaign for this position, won, and appointed Parley as a Port Warden of New York in reward for his loyal support, This position paid $5,000 a year, but Parley was not content with the job since 9 it involved very little work or initiative on his part. Parley had served at this post for about a year, when the number of Port Wardens was reduced by the new Republican governor. Parley, being a member of the opposite party, was 10 one of the first to be eliminated. In 1920, Parley married Elizabeth A. Finnegan, a girl whom he had known since childhood. In the succeeding years, 7 Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen, "The President’s Trigger Man," Harper’s Magazine, CLXX (March, 1935)3 385-394. 8 Parley, Jim Parley’s Story, p. 3. 9 Parley, Behind the Ballots, p. 26. 10 Ibid. e Elizabeth Parley gave birth to three children, two girls and 11 one boy. Parley met Franklin Roosevelt for the first time in 1920, Their meeting was casual and politically insignificant. The occasion was at the Democratic party state headquarters in New York City where party faithfuls were invited to meet the Democratic Presidential and Tice-Presidential candidates, James M.
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