Presidents Worksheet 43 Secretaries of State (#1-24)
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Cultural Anthropology Through the Lens of Wikipedia: Historical Leader Networks, Gender Bias, and News-Based Sentiment
Cultural Anthropology through the Lens of Wikipedia: Historical Leader Networks, Gender Bias, and News-based Sentiment Peter A. Gloor, Joao Marcos, Patrick M. de Boer, Hauke Fuehres, Wei Lo, Keiichi Nemoto [email protected] MIT Center for Collective Intelligence Abstract In this paper we study the differences in historical World View between Western and Eastern cultures, represented through the English, the Chinese, Japanese, and German Wikipedia. In particular, we analyze the historical networks of the World’s leaders since the beginning of written history, comparing them in the different Wikipedias and assessing cultural chauvinism. We also identify the most influential female leaders of all times in the English, German, Spanish, and Portuguese Wikipedia. As an additional lens into the soul of a culture we compare top terms, sentiment, emotionality, and complexity of the English, Portuguese, Spanish, and German Wikinews. 1 Introduction Over the last ten years the Web has become a mirror of the real world (Gloor et al. 2009). More recently, the Web has also begun to influence the real world: Societal events such as the Arab spring and the Chilean student unrest have drawn a large part of their impetus from the Internet and online social networks. In the meantime, Wikipedia has become one of the top ten Web sites1, occasionally beating daily newspapers in the actuality of most recent news. Be it the resignation of German national soccer team captain Philipp Lahm, or the downing of Malaysian Airlines flight 17 in the Ukraine by a guided missile, the corresponding Wikipedia page is updated as soon as the actual event happened (Becker 2012. -
The Attitude and Policy Or Elihu Root Toward Latin America 11
The Attitude and Policy or Elihu Root Toward Latin America 11 'fHE ATTitf'UDE A?H) POLICY OF EtimT ROOT By JIMJ!LIE I!ERFJ:LL KEELE,, Bachelor or Arts Oklahr;:na Agricultural and Uechanieal College Stillwater, Oklahoma 194? Submitted to tl:e Dep,a.rtment of Ristory Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College I'n Part1&l F'ultillm.ent of the Requirements For the Degree of BASTER OP ARTS iii OlZL.\ no:,i A 1 A6lUOTIL1URAl & MWli~lCAL COuLEGE LIBRARY MAY 6 1949 APPROVED BY: Uember of the Thesis Com::1 ittee ~ 1))9dw-il, Dean of 'tbeGraduateSchl 231092 1v Preface Tbis study bas been developed from three c tegories. The first abows the background of Elihu Root 1th the thour,, tin mind of the influence and bearing of tb1s background upon tbe attitude of Root in Latin Jmerican ffa rs. Eext, this development is devoted to the b1storic trip of oot to Latin America that helps in a very l rgo degree to t.i.ke his attitude to ard Latin Americ better un erstand ble by bis ords. Last. examples of h1s attitude in bis relationships 1th L tin Auwric are given to make bis attitude to ard Latin A rica b tter understandable by his actions. In this study no attempt 111 be made to eats.bl sh daf1n tely the extent of his attltud an policy toward Latin America. In . aking such an attempt the questions continually rise, such as, how much of the policy e.s credl ted to oot? Can bis pol icy be established from his word , or do bis actions belie bis ,ords? If the policy can be determined to be entirely that of Root 1n ao p rticular instance, then since success of tbe policy 1s judg d by ultimate consequences, one is faced w1 th the insur mountable task of date »in1ng bether the consequences of the action trace directly back to the policy of oot. -
New Report ID
Number 21 April 2004 BAKER INSTITUTE REPORT NOTES FROM THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY OF RICE UNIVERSITY BAKER INSTITUTE CELEBRATES ITS 10TH ANNIVERSARY Vice President Dick Cheney was man you only encounter a few the keynote speaker at the Baker times in life—what I call a ‘hun- See our special Institute’s 10th anniversary gala, dred-percenter’—a person of which drew nearly 800 guests to ability, judgment, and absolute gala feature with color a black-tie dinner October 17, integrity,” Cheney said in refer- 2003, that raised more than ence to Baker. photos on page 20. $3.2 million for the institute’s “This is a man who was chief programs. Cynthia Allshouse and of staff on day one of the Reagan Rice trustee J. D. Bucky Allshouse years and chief of staff 12 years ing a period of truly momentous co-chaired the anniversary cel- later on the last day of former change,” Cheney added, citing ebration. President Bush’s administra- the fall of the Soviet Union, the Cheney paid tribute to the tion,” Cheney said. “In between, Persian Gulf War, and a crisis in institute’s honorary chair, James he led the treasury department, Panama during Baker’s years at A. Baker, III, and then discussed oversaw two landslide victories in the Department of State. the war on terrorism. presidential politics, and served “There is a certain kind of as the 61st secretary of state dur- continued on page 24 NIGERIAN PRESIDENT REFLECTS ON CHALLENGES FACING HIS NATION President Olusegun Obasanjo of the Republic of Nigeria observed that Africa, as a whole, has been “unstable for too long” during a November 5, 2003, presentation at the Baker Institute. -
Martin Van Buren: the Greatest American President
SUBSCRIBE NOW AND RECEIVE CRISIS AND LEVIATHAN* FREE! “The Independent Review does not accept “The Independent Review is pronouncements of government officials nor the excellent.” conventional wisdom at face value.” —GARY BECKER, Noble Laureate —JOHN R. MACARTHUR, Publisher, Harper’s in Economic Sciences Subscribe to The Independent Review and receive a free book of your choice* such as the 25th Anniversary Edition of Crisis and Leviathan: Critical Episodes in the Growth of American Government, by Founding Editor Robert Higgs. This quarterly journal, guided by co-editors Christopher J. Coyne, and Michael C. Munger, and Robert M. Whaples offers leading-edge insights on today’s most critical issues in economics, healthcare, education, law, history, political science, philosophy, and sociology. Thought-provoking and educational, The Independent Review is blazing the way toward informed debate! Student? Educator? Journalist? Business or civic leader? Engaged citizen? This journal is for YOU! *Order today for more FREE book options Perfect for students or anyone on the go! The Independent Review is available on mobile devices or tablets: iOS devices, Amazon Kindle Fire, or Android through Magzter. INDEPENDENT INSTITUTE, 100 SWAN WAY, OAKLAND, CA 94621 • 800-927-8733 • [email protected] PROMO CODE IRA1703 Martin Van Buren The Greatest American President —————— ✦ —————— JEFFREY ROGERS HUMMEL resident Martin Van Buren does not usually receive high marks from histori- ans. Born of humble Dutch ancestry in December 1782 in the small, upstate PNew York village of Kinderhook, Van Buren gained admittance to the bar in 1803 without benefit of higher education. Building on a successful country legal practice, he became one of the Empire State’s most influential and prominent politi- cians while the state was surging ahead as the country’s wealthiest and most populous. -
Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY "Croak" Carter: Radio's Voice of Doom HEN Westbrook Pegler, who hated almost everybody, died, an associate might have said in all candor: "He was the Wclosest thing newspaper journalism ever had to a Boake Carter." Carter was an extraordinarily powerful and effective critic of the New Deal before Pearl Harbor, especially between 1935 and 1938, when there were few commercially-sponsored news commen- tators on the air. Administration leaders frequently mentioned their extreme dislike of him. Carter's greatest national prominence, or notoriety, occurred during 1937 and the early part of the following year. After August, 1938, he was banned from the major networks. At the time, some of his millions of nightly listeners were certain that Franklin D. Roosevelt had been responsible. Although the news analyst spoke over the Mutual Broadcasting System from Septem- ber, 1939, on, he never regained his popularity and died in 1944, already largely forgotten. Today, another look is in order. Histor- ians realize the importance of radio in understanding American society before 1941. For that reason, the career of such a notorious radio personality has particular interest. Carter relished controversy. "Meat is in argument," he once said. "If I can provide an argument, so much the better."1 The commen- 1 Newsweek, July 18,1936, 26. 287 288 DAVID H. CULBERT July tator seemed to feel that his success was directly proportional to the number of enemies he made. And there were many. The Secretary of the Interior dubbed him "Croak" Carter. Ickes claimed that the newscaster could "enter any intellectual goldfish-swallowing contest and the result would be as impressive as his journalistic career."2 A distinguished journalist, making no attempt to disguise his loath- ing, termed the broadcaster a "mercenary poseur."3 Early in his career, Carter claimed to have studied the techniques of Detroit's demagogic radio priest, Father Coughlin.4 If so, he was an apt pupil. -
Campaign and Transition Collection: 1928
HERBERT HOOVER PAPERS CAMPAIGN LITERATURE SERIES, 1925-1928 16 linear feet (31 manuscript boxes and 7 card boxes) Herbert Hoover Presidential Library 151 Campaign Literature – General 152-156 Campaign Literature by Title 157-162 Press Releases Arranged Chronologically 163-164 Campaign Literature by Publisher 165-180 Press Releases Arranged by Subject 181-188 National Who’s Who Poll Box Contents 151 Campaign Literature – General California Elephant Campaign Feature Service Campaign Series 1928 (numerical index) Cartoons (2 folders, includes Satterfield) Clipsheets Editorial Digest Editorials Form Letters Highlights on Hoover Booklets Massachusetts Elephant Political Advertisements Political Features – NY State Republican Editorial Committee Posters Editorial Committee Progressive Magazine 1928 Republic Bulletin Republican Feature Service Republican National Committee Press Division pamphlets by Arch Kirchoffer Series. Previously Marked Women's Page Service Unpublished 152 Campaign Literature – Alphabetical by Title Abstract of Address by Robert L. Owen (oversize, brittle) Achievements and Public Services of Herbert Hoover Address of Acceptance by Charles Curtis Address of Acceptance by Herbert Hoover Address of John H. Bartlett (Herbert Hoover and the American Home), Oct 2, 1928 Address of Charles D., Dawes, Oct 22, 1928 Address by Simeon D. Fess, Dec 6, 1927 Address of Mr. Herbert Hoover – Boston, Massachusetts, Oct 15, 1928 Address of Mr. Herbert Hoover – Elizabethton, Tennessee. Oct 6, 1928 Address of Mr. Herbert Hoover – New York, New York, Oct 22, 1928 Address of Mr. Herbert Hoover – Newark, New Jersey, Sep 17, 1928 Address of Mr. Herbert Hoover – St. Louis, Missouri, Nov 2, 1928 Address of W. M. Jardine, Oct. 4, 1928 Address of John L. McNabb, June 14, 1928 Address of U. -
Copyright © 1989, 2000, 2006, by Salem Press, Inc. Copyright © 2015 by Salem Press, a Division of EBSCO Information Services, Inc., and Grey House Publishing, Inc
Copyright © 1989, 2000, 2006, by Salem Press, Inc. Copyright © 2015 by Salem Press, A Division of EBSCO Information Services, Inc., and Grey House Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. For permission requests, contact [email protected]. For information contact Grey House Publishing/Salem Press, 4919 Route 22, PO Box 56, Amenia, NY 12501. ¥ The paper used in these volumes conforms to the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, Z39.48-1992 (R1997). Publisher's Cataloging-In-Publication Data (Prepared by The Donohue Group, Inc.) American presidents.—Fourth edition / editor, Robert P. Watson, Lynn University. 2 volumes : illustrations, maps ; cm “Editor, First Edition, Frank N. Magill ; editors, Third Edition, Robert P. Watson, Florida Atlantic University [and] Richard Yon, University of Florida.” Includes bibliographical references and index. Contents: Volume 1. The American Presidency, George Washington–Woodrow Wilson —volume 2. Warren G. Harding–Barack Obama, Index. ISBN: 978-1-61925-940-9 (set) ISBN: 978-1-68217-081-6 (v.1) ISBN: 978-1-68217-082-3 (v.2) 1. Presidents—United States—Biography. 2. Presidents—United States—History. 3. United States—Politics and government. I. Watson, Robert P., 1962- E176.1 .A6563 2015 973.09/9 B First Printing Printed in the United States of America Introduction The Pageantry of the Presidency forty-third man to hold the office, but he was To many people, the presidency is the most vis- the forty-fourth president because Grover ible part of the U.S. -
Honorary Degree Recipients 1977 – Present
Board of Trustees HONORARY DEGREE RECIPIENTS 1977 – PRESENT Name Year Awarded Name Year Awarded Claire Collins Harvey, C‘37 Harry Belafonte 1977 Patricia Roberts Harris Katherine Dunham 1990 Toni Morrison 1978 Nelson Mandela Marian Anderson Marguerite Ross Barnett Ruby Dee Mattiwilda Dobbs, C‘46 1979 1991 Constance Baker Motley Miriam Makeba Sarah Sage McAlpin Audrey Forbes Manley, C‘55 Mary French Rockefeller 1980 Jesse Norman 1992 Mabel Murphy Smythe* Louis Rawls 1993 Cardiss Collins Oprah Winfrey Effie O’Neal Ellis, C‘33 Margaret Walker Alexander Dorothy I. Height 1981 Oran W. Eagleson Albert E. Manley Carol Moseley Braun 1994 Mary Brookins Ross, C‘28 Donna Shalala Shirley Chisholm Susan Taylor Eleanor Holmes Norton 1982 Elizabeth Catlett James Robinson Alice Walker* 1995 Maya Angelou Elie Wiesel Etta Moten Barnett Rita Dove Anne Cox Chambers 1983 Myrlie Evers-Williams Grace L. Hewell, C‘40 Damon Keith 1996 Sam Nunn Pinkie Gordon Lane, C‘49 Clara Stanton Jones, C‘34 Levi Watkins, Jr. Coretta Scott King Patricia Roberts Harris 1984 Jeanne Spurlock* Claire Collins Harvey, C’37 1997 Cicely Tyson Bernice Johnson Reagan, C‘70 Mary Hatwood Futrell Margaret Taylor Burroughs Charles Merrill Jewel Plummer Cobb 1985 Romae Turner Powell, C‘47 Ruth Davis, C‘66 Maxine Waters Lani Guinier 1998 Gwendolyn Brooks Alexine Clement Jackson, C‘56 William H. Cosby 1986 Jackie Joyner Kersee Faye Wattleton Louis Stokes Lena Horne Aurelia E. Brazeal, C‘65 Jacob Lawrence Johnnetta Betsch Cole 1987 Leontyne Price Dorothy Cotton Earl Graves Donald M. Stewart 1999 Selma Burke Marcelite Jordan Harris, C‘64 1988 Pearl Primus Lee Lorch Dame Ruth Nita Barrow Jewel Limar Prestage 1989 Camille Hanks Cosby Deborah Prothrow-Stith, C‘75 * Former Student As of November 2019 Board of Trustees HONORARY DEGREE RECIPIENTS 1977 – PRESENT Name Year Awarded Name Year Awarded Max Cleland Herschelle Sullivan Challenor, C’61 Maxine D. -
The Star Fort, September, 1814
D-JLJ- UNITED STATES DEPARTHEI'irrr OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE FORT MCHENRY NATIONAL MONUMENT AND HISTORIC SHRINE BALTIMORE 30, MARYLAND \\St ARtftlOlOGY The .Star Fort, September, 1814 Prepared by: Dr. W. Richard Walsh Contract Historian · Georgetown University Georgetown, D.C. November, 1958 r~ , .. I . ,. .. - •• '' I• ,•' --:• ' . '·· ~ -,, .. ., . · .· .. :· .·. • , :: .:'~ .: :/ F.1 _r1 .. .J '~ l. \ '. \~ IJ li :i. /:i1('fl ---. \J .. •• 1 : ... .. .. .. ,,.. - l ~ j Table of Contents Page Frontispiece ••••••••••••••• • • • • ii I. Introduction • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 II. The Star Fort, September 12-14, 1814 • • • • • • • 7 24 III. Conclusions. • • • • • • • • • • • • 3 • • • • • • ._: I f ,\ .. i ) ~ ',...___/ Errata p .. 2, line 60 '0 indiaten should read '0 indicate.io p. 3, line 4o "war-fare" should read 10 warfareo 18 p. a, line 8. "amatuer" should read "amateur.~ p .. 7, fn. 1, line 5. "principle" should read ~principal." p. 9, line 12. "wa.tteries" should read "batteries. ~ p. 10, · line 10. Delete "which." p .. 10, line 11. "patforms" should read "platforms." p. 10, line 17. "Descius" should read "Decius." p. 13, fn. \:1 9 line 5. "Jessup" should read "Jesupn in this and all subsequent mention of the name. o. 19, line 16~ "orciinarilly" should read "ordinarily .. '° p. 26, line 5. "Carrol" should read "Carroll." p. 26, line 7. "confederates" should read "Confederates." .a- -. ( ... ~ "'·. / I Introduction In 1776, Baltimore prepared itself for. attack by the British~ Already apprehensive because of threats from the sea by His Majesty's vessel, the Otter, the Committee of Safety choose Whetstone Point as the best fortifiable site against enemy destruction to the Baltimore harbor. A fort of sorts was therefore erected, but because the threat of a general naval attack never materialized and the actual fight ing of the war of the Revolution by-passed Baltimoreans, a well armed Fort vVhetstone was not accomplished. -
Rumsfeld Heaclea 3 1974 for the Pentagon
Merry-Go-Round yyXPost Rumsfeld Heaclea 3 1974 For the Pentagon Jack Anderson RESIDENT FORD'S new staff chief, presided over by an Agriculture Depart- P Donald Rumsfeld, won't be around the ment official who was flown in from White House more than six months. Washington, $169 round trip. Sources in the President's confidence When the problems of poverty became say he needed someone in a hurry to re- too depressing, the welfare officials could place Alexander Haig, who had headed escape into the coral waters for "free former President Nixon's White House snorkel lessons," or on afternoon tours of staff. the Virgin Island paradise. The President, therefore, summoned The delegates came from 31 states and Rumsfeld whom he actually had in mind regions. At least 10 federal officials from to be the next Secretary of Defense. Our the Health, Education and Welfare De- sources say Mr. Ford still intends to send partment slipped down to the Virgin Is- the able Rumsfeld to preside over the lands for the conference, at a minimum Pentagon. cost to the taxpayers of $200 apiece, in- The President wanted to get rid of cluding hotel accommodations. Haig, say our sources, because he held too A spokesman for the American Public tight a rein on the White House staff, Welfare Association, which sponsored the which looked to him instead of Mr. Ford's frolic, explained to us: "We hold the con- people for their orders. ferences in a different region every year, The President's plans for Rumsfeld, of and this was the first time for the Virgin course, means Secretary o f Defense Islands." James Schlesinger will be dropped from the cabinet. -
World Bank Document
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Policy,Planning, and Research WORKING PAPERS Debtand International Finance InternationalEconomics Department The WorldBank August1989 Public Disclosure Authorized WPS 250 Public Disclosure Authorized The Baker Plan Progress,Shortcomings, and Future Public Disclosure Authorized William R. Cline The basic strategy spelled out in the Baker Plan (1985-88) remains valid, but stronger policy efforts are needed, banks should provide multiyear new money packages, exit bonds should be guaranteed to allow voluntary debt reduction by banks, and net capital flows to the highly indebted countries should be raised $15 billion a year. Successful emergence from the debt crisis, however, will depend primarily on sound eco- nomic policies in the debtor countries themselves. Public Disclosure Authorized The Policy, Planning. and Research Complex distributes PPR Working Papers to disseminate the findings of work in progress and to encourage the exchange of ideas among Bank staff and all others interested in development issues. T'hese papers carry the names of the authors, reflect only their views, and should be used and cited accordingly. The findings, interpiciations. and conclusions are the authors' own. They should not be attnbuted to the World Bank, its Board of Directors, its management, or any of its mernber countries. |Policy, Planning,and Roenorch | The. Baker Plan essentially made existing multilateral development banks raised net flows strategy cn the debt problem more concrete. by only one-tenth of the targeted $3 billion Like existing policy, it iejected a bankruptcy annually. If the IMF and bilateral export credit approach to the problem, judging that coerceo agencies are included, net capital flows from forgiveness would "admit defeat" and cut official sources to the highly indebted countries borrowers off from capital markets for many (HICs) actually fell, from $9 annually in 1983- years to come. -
Nicolay Collection Finding
LINCOLN LIBRARY Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection at Allen County Public Library For additional material on Helen and John G. Nicolay, NICOLAY COLLECTION see the manuscript collection Lincoln’s Secretaries— 6 boxes; 3.8 cubic feet Hay, Nicolay, Stoddard; 1 box, 0.5 cubic feet. For extensive correspondence between Helen Nicolay Biographical Notes and others regarding a copy of the Gettysburg Address, see Gettysburg Address Correspondence; 1 box, 0.25 cubic feet. Helen Nicolay (1866-1954) Helen Nicolay was born in 1866 to John G. Nicolay and Therena Bates Nicolay in Paris, where her father served as American Consul. In 1869, the Nicolay family returned to the United States. Helen’s academic training was overseen by her father as well as private tutors. Little is known about Helen Nicolay as a young woman, other than that she helped her father and John Hay write their 10-volume Lincoln biography by taking dictation. She began writing her own books after her father’s death in 1901 and had a summer retreat studio in New Hampshire she used for painting and writing. Her best known work is Lincoln’s Secretary: A Biography of John G. Nicolay. In all, she wrote more than 20 books, mostly history and biography, many of which were intended for children. She described her reason for writing in a letter to a young fan—she wrote books to make “history seem alive and interesting to young people.” Helen Nicolay was also a recognized artist. The Lincoln Museum Collection includes two oil paintings of John G. Nicolay painted by Helen Nicolay.