DOCSLIB.ORG

Azu Acku Pamphlet Ds375 H47

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

,,, . I ~1 ~ .J) ···········.·.·............ .. ·.·.·.·.·,. I ·.·.·.·.· .·.·.·.·. ·-:·.:-:-:-:-:• .-:::::::::::: I ·.·.•.·.· . ::::::::: l •••••••••••••••••.••••.•.···························· ·::::::::::-::-:•:-:·.:-.. ·····.·.·.·I.. -:-::·:·:·:·.:... ·.· ··.·.·.··_:·_:·_::·:::::::::::::::::.:::::::::: I•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ·,·.· .... ·.. 1'$\;t,',~)Jg~~\" l ~./_) ~\ . j \..,..;.......~· '<J'. / . <?-.~, J \ ">c Jr~ A " r: Ur gen TRANSOXIAkA KHAWAR!ZM\ \ ~~' \ \._..../ "·- "'\ .· .·•. • ( KARA KUM DESERT llo1;\hara. s:markand • Tehran ~ Nishapur 1\lt " /0 K Ghutui~(•,:'~~~. · ·Xnbtils :,c;::·:._>" ) r · · · · B:e.cat·.. · .· .· · ~"''~47:, r KrNGDOM OF IL-KHANS ,,; J A PICTORIAL GUIDE TEXT Nancy Hatch Wolfe PHOTOGRAPHY Inger Hansen DRAWINGS Brigitte McCulloch The Afghan Tourist Organization Kabul : 1966 Copyright, Nancy Hatch Wolfr, 1966 Library of Congress Catalog Number - NE66-I I,[ Printed by Education Press Franklin Book Programs, Kabul CONTENTS Introduction vii Chronological Survey 1 Qala-i-lkhtiyaruddin, the Citadel ofHerat 8 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Walls of the Citadel 10 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Masjid-i-Jami' or Friday Mosque 12 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Courtyard of the Masjid-i-Jami' 14 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Timurid Decoration at the Masjid-i-Jami' 16 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Bronze Cauldron in the Masjid-i-Jami' 18 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Shrine of Ghiyasuddin-i-Ghori 20 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Ghorid Portal at the Masjid-i-Jami' 22 (Photo: Nancy H. Wolfe) The Mosaic Workshop at the Masjid-i-Jami' 24 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Ziyarat-i-Shahzada Abdulqasim 26 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Musalla Complex 28 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Mausoleum of Queen Gawhar-Shad 3() (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Exterior Decoration of the Mausoleum 32 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Interior Decoration of the Mausoleum 34 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Minaret at Queen Gawhar-Shad's Madrassa 36 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The M inarct at Queen Gawhar-Shad's Musalla 38 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The I\Iinarets of Sultan Husain-i-Baiqara 40 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Tomb of the Poet Jami 42 (Photo: Xancy H. Wolfe) Windmills of Herat 44 / (Photo: Hubbard Goodrich) Takht-i-Safar 46 (Photo: Willard Mason) Gazargah 48 (Pholo: Inger Hansen) The Entrance to the Shrine at Gazargah 50 (Photo: Inger Hansen) The Inner Courtyard at Gazargah 52 (Pholo: Inger Hansen) The Iwan at Gazargah 54 (Pholo: Inger Hansen) Tombstones at Gazargah 56 (Pholo: Inger Hansen) The Bridge called Pul-i-Malan 58 (Pholo: Inger Hansen) The Masjid-i-Chihil-Sutun at Ziyaratgah 60 (Pholo: Nancy H. Wolfe) The Covered Bazaars of Herat 62 (Pholo: Hubbard Goodrich) The Hauz-i-Chahar Suq or Co\'ered Reservoir 64 (Photo: Willard Mason) Ii Hcrat today - Chaikhana, teahouse 66 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Rug Bazaar 68 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Silk Weaving 69 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Rug Weaving 70 (Photo: Nancy H. 1-Vo!fe) Silversmith 71 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Selling Nan, the Afghan bread 72 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Dried Fruit Merchant 73 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Murad Khan, Chief of the Turkoman 74 (Photo: Nancy H. Wolfe) Uzbek 75 (Photo: Nancy H. Wolfe) Herati Villager 76 (Photo: Louis Dupree) Passing the Citadel 77 (Photo: Inger Hansen) Pigeon Tower 78 (Photo: Hubbard Goodrich) Zahir Shahi Cafe 79 (Photo: Hubbard Goodrich) 1 I l INTRODUCfION GUESTSto the opening of Monuments Week at the Kabul Museum in September 1964 found an exciting new exhibit of large photographs display­ ing the full range of Afghanistan's historical monuments. The excellence and clarity of t'he photography allowed for serious study of detail but it was the sensitivity of the compositions which was molit striking.These pictures impart­ ed the full romance .of the monuments and their individual settings. Inquir­ ing· about the photographer, I was introduced to a diminutive blond, Inger Hansen. Later, on considering a fitting form for a Guide to Herat, I felt that here the monuments deserved to have their story told in more than words. These monuments still speak of the days when Herat was the cultural centre of a powerful empire ruled by the Timurids, devoted patrons of art and poetry. The story would best be told through pictures. Art, poetry, photography­ Inger Hansen immediately came to mind. With her characteristic generosity she agreed to donate her talents. The results will bring lasting pleasure to all readers. The Hansens left Afghanistan before research revealed the need for addi­ tional pictures. It was my good fortune then to find Hubbard Goodrich of the Columbia Team in Herat and my further fortune to find him ready to add his efforts to this project. Negatives flooded into Kabul but as the manuscript went to press the pages facing text on the covered reservoir and the Takht-i­ Safar remained alarmingly empty. It was at this point that H.E. Klappert whose earlier attempts to photograph Herat had been thwarted by bad wea­ ther, introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. Willard Mason of the U.N. in India. To their kindness in devoting time from a one day visit to take these two pictures, I am most deeply indebted. It is with such varied cooperation that the photographs were finally assembled and it is a great pleasure to acknowledge the help of all these contributors. l As the pictures show, there is a rich profusion of decorative motif in Herat. I Again I felt that word descriptions of designs would make tedious reading; drawings would be clearer and an attactive addition. For this I turned to Brigitte McCulloch who had already given impressive proof of her talents on an earlier project. The difficult chore of isolating designs and the still more painstaking task of transfering them from photograph to paper, called for a great deal of effort and time for which I am most grateful. Adding immeasu­ rably to the appearance of the Guide, the drawings also enhance the visitor's vu I appreciation ofHerati artistry, both past and present. Again it is a pleasure to acknowledge the assistance of Peter Edmonds in his important role as cartographer. The fact that no acceptable map of the city ofHerat existed posed a real and perplexing problem until the Cartogra­ phic Institute kindly offered copies of their aerial photographs. This response was most gratifying and is much appreciated.The name of Robert MacMakin of Franklin Book Programs, Inc., will also be familiar to readers of these guide books. His contribution to the publication of this Guide is particularly significant since my husband and I left Kabul as the manuscript went to press on the completion ofmy husband's assignment with the American Embassy. To know that it is left in competent hands is most reassuring. To pose a question on Herat's history is to elicit mention of Mr. Fikri Seljuki, a distinguished member of a famous Herati family known for their leadership as diplomats, artists, historians, authors, and calligraphers. Mr. Seljuki, author of several Farsi works on Herat, was most generous in spending many afternoons going over the text to which he contributed many facts and numerous anecdotes not included in available western .research material· To have had the benefit of his scholarship was of great value; to have made a new friend, is of even greater meaning. These afternoons were shared by Mr. Abdul Wahab Tarzi, an old friend, whose continued support this time included the task of interpreting. Being an interested student of history himself, he added considerably to the stimula­ tion and enjoyment of these meetings. I hope the Guide evidences the spirit in which it was created. Nancy Balch Wolfe New York September 1965 I I i' Vlll CHRONOLOGICAL SURVEY (Numbers in bold face refer to text pages) t:..Jcr;c ua~~1 ilercc.fMlid~ 8·~'1id. 800s Assyrian Empire pushes Iranian tribes eastward; those called Hairava settle in oasis of Hera which s called Hairava in the Avesta and Artocoana by Greek writers .. 500s Achaeminid armies of Cyrus I and Darius I pass through Herat; Khorasan treated as a frontier province. 330 Alexander of Macedon captures Herat; builds new city (8). c.150 Parthians under Mithridates I annex Herat. 129 Scythian hordes from Chinese Turkestan move into Herat. 123 Parthians under Mithridates II reoccupy Herat; Khorasan prospers. A. D. c.60 The Kushans under Vima Kadphises capture Herat from the Par­ thians; Kushan Empire ruled from Kabul and Peshawar. 226 Sassanian Empire under Ardashir ext:nded to Herat but political influence tenuous; Herat reverts to frontier status. c.425 Ephthalites establish themselves north of the Hindu Kush with their capital a little to the north of modern Herat at Badhaghis, "the windy region"; frequent intervals of armed conflict alternating with short periods of peace with Persians. 565 Ephthalites overthrown by coalition of Sassanians and Western Turks; Ephthalite prince continues to govern He rat under eye of Turks. 630 Minor Turkish chiefs ruling petty principalities throughout the north; after 630 anarchy; brunt of resistance to Arab invasions born by Ephthalite prince of He rat. 1 652 Final destruction of Sassanian power by Arabs; Ephthalites of Herat submit; early Arab conquests little more than plundering raids. 667 Arab power more firmly established; 50,000 Arab families garri­ soned in Khorasan; forays into Ghor (20) • 673 Khorasan firmly secured by Arabs; used as base to conquer Cen­ tral Asia {26) • 700s Frequent revolts against harshness of Arab governors show inalter­ able hostility toward Arabs; provincial unrest coupled with waning power of Caliphate permitted rise of local dynasties. 800s 820 Tahirds of Khorassan establish practical independence from Caliphate; 867 Saffarids from Kandahar take Herat; 872 Saman­ anids of Transoxiana replace Saffarids in Khorasan; under Sama- · nids renaissance of national heritage, return of intellectual vitality. I c.900 Reputed building of Pul-i-Malan by Bibi Nur (58). ii1, Gbamavids l' i 994 Sebuktigin, founder of the Ghaznavid Dynasty, receives K.horasan t from the Samanids. 1000 Mahmud ofGhazni becomes master ofK.horasan, d.1030. l 1006 Birth of Khwaja 'Abdullah-i-Ansari in Herat; d.
Recommended publications
  • Transformations of Iran Sufism in the 12Th and 13Th Centuries

    Transformations of Iran Sufism in the 12Th and 13Th Centuries

    Journal of Social Science Studies ISSN 2329-9150 2020, Vol. 7, No. 2 Transformations of Iran Sufism in the 12th and 13th Centuries Seyed Mohammad Hadi Torabi PhD Research Scholar, University of Mysore, India E-mail: [email protected] Received: January 10, 2020 Accepted: March 20, 2020 Published: March 28, 2020 doi: 10.5296/jsss.v7i2.16760 URL: https://doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v7i2.16760 Abstract The 12th and 13th centuries are among the most important periods in the history of Sufism in Iran. During this period, the emergence of many great elders of Sufism and the establishment of the most famous ways and organized dynasty in Sufism by them, the formation of some of the most important treasures of Islamic Sufism, such as the dressing gown and the permission document of the dynasty, the systematic growth and development of the Monasteries as formal institutions and the social status of Sufis and the influence of Sufism in the development of Persian and Arabic prose and poetic, which in this study, briefly, the transformation and effects of Iranian Sufism are examined. Keywords: Cultural equations, Political equations, Religion, Sufism 1. Introduction Iranian Sufism, which has formed in the context of Islamic Sufism and its influence on the Sufism of the ancient religions in Iran, such as Zoroastrianism and Manichaean, has seen tremendous transformations over time, which undoubtedly caused cultural, political, social and even economic changes that have arisen in Iran has led to many ups and downs in the path of growth and excellence. Prior to the 12th century, Sufism continued to exist as a belief system based on knowledge and paths and a mystical view of religion, in which many groups and branches were formed, but differences of them were mostly in the field of thought and had little effect on the space of the community.
  • On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi

    On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi

    Official Digitized Version by Victoria Arakelova; with errata fixed from the print edition ON THE MODERN POLITICIZATION OF THE PERSIAN POET NEZAMI GANJAVI YEREVAN SERIES FOR ORIENTAL STUDIES Edited by Garnik S. Asatrian Vol.1 SIAVASH LORNEJAD ALI DOOSTZADEH ON THE MODERN POLITICIZATION OF THE PERSIAN POET NEZAMI GANJAVI Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies Yerevan 2012 Siavash Lornejad, Ali Doostzadeh On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi Guest Editor of the Volume Victoria Arakelova The monograph examines several anachronisms, misinterpretations and outright distortions related to the great Persian poet Nezami Ganjavi, that have been introduced since the USSR campaign for Nezami‖s 800th anniversary in the 1930s and 1940s. The authors of the monograph provide a critical analysis of both the arguments and terms put forward primarily by Soviet Oriental school, and those introduced in modern nationalistic writings, which misrepresent the background and cultural heritage of Nezami. Outright forgeries, including those about an alleged Turkish Divan by Nezami Ganjavi and falsified verses first published in Azerbaijan SSR, which have found their way into Persian publications, are also in the focus of the authors‖ attention. An important contribution of the book is that it highlights three rare and previously neglected historical sources with regards to the population of Arran and Azerbaijan, which provide information on the social conditions and ethnography of the urban Iranian Muslim population of the area and are indispensable for serious study of the Persian literature and Iranian culture of the period. ISBN 978-99930-69-74-4 The first print of the book was published by the Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies in 2012.
  • Mewlana Jalaluddin Rumi - Poems

    Mewlana Jalaluddin Rumi - Poems

    Classic Poetry Series Mewlana Jalaluddin Rumi - poems - Publication Date: 2004 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive Mewlana Jalaluddin Rumi(1207 - 1273) Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Balkhi (Persian: ?????????? ???? ?????), also known as Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Rumi (?????????? ???? ????), and more popularly in the English-speaking world simply as Rumi (30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century Persian[1][6] poet, jurist, theologian, and Sufi mystic.[7] Iranians, Turks, Afghans, Tajiks, and other Central Asian Muslims as well as the Muslims of South Asia have greatly appreciated his spiritual legacy in the past seven centuries.[8] Rumi's importance is considered to transcend national and ethnic borders. His poems have been widely translated into many of the world's languages and transposed into various formats. In 2007, he was described as the "most popular poet in America."[9] Rumi's works are written in Persian and his Mathnawi remains one of the purest literary glories of Persia,[10] and one of the crowning glories of the Persian language.[11] His original works are widely read today in their original language across the Persian-speaking world (Iran, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and parts of Persian speaking Central Asia).[12] Translations of his works are very popular in other countries. His poetry has influenced Persian literature as well as Urdu, Punjabi, Turkish and some other Iranian, Turkic and Indic languages written in Perso-Arabic script e.g. Pashto, Ottoman Turkish, Chagatai and Sindhi. Name Jalal ad-Din Mu?ammad Balkhi (Persian: ?????????? ???? ????? Persian pronunciation: [d?æl??læddi?n mohæmmæde bælxi?]) is also known as Jalal ad- Din Mu?ammad Rumi (?????????? ???? ???? Persian pronunciation: [d?æl??læddi?n mohæmmæde ?u?mi?]).
  • The Kingdom of Afghanistan: a Historical Sketch George Passman Tate

    The Kingdom of Afghanistan: a Historical Sketch George Passman Tate

    University of Nebraska Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Books in English Digitized Books 1-1-1911 The kingdom of Afghanistan: a historical sketch George Passman Tate Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/afghanuno Part of the History Commons, and the International and Area Studies Commons Recommended Citation Tate, George Passman The kingdom of Afghanistan: a historical sketch, with an introductory note by Sir Henry Mortimer Durand. Bombay: "Times of India" Offices, 1911. 224 p., maps This Monograph is brought to you for free and open access by the Digitized Books at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Books in English by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Tate, G,P. The kfn&ean sf Af&mistan, DATE DUE I Mil 7 (7'8 DEDICATED, BY PERMISSION, HIS EXCELLENCY BARON HARDINGE OF PENSHURST. VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, .a- . (/. BY m HIS OBEDIENT, SERVANT THE AUTHOR. il.IEmtev 01 the Asiniic Society, Be?zg-nl, S?~rueyof I~din. dafhor of 'I Seisinqz : A Menzoir on the FJisio~y,Topo~rcrphj~, A7zliquiiies, (112d Peo$Ie of the Cozi?zt~y''; The F/.o?zlic7,.~ of Baluchisia'nn : Travels on ihe Border.? of Pe~szk n?zd Akhnnistnn " ; " ICalnf : A lMe??zoir on t7ze Cozl7~try and Fnrrzily of the Ahntadsai Khn7zs of Iinlnt" ; 4 ec. \ViTkI AN INrPR<dl>kJCTOl2Y NO'FE PRINTED BY BENNETT COLEMAN & Co., Xc. PUBLISHED AT THE " TIMES OF INDIA" OFFTCES, BOMBAY & C.1LCUTT-4, LONDON AGENCY : gg, SI-IOE LANE, E.C.
  • Jnasci-2015-1195-1202

    Jnasci-2015-1195-1202

    Journal of Novel Applied Sciences Available online at www.jnasci.org ©2015 JNAS Journal-2015-4-11/1195-1202 ISSN 2322-5149 ©2015 JNAS Relationships between Timurid Empire and Qara Qoyunlu & Aq Qoyunlu Turkmens Jamshid Norouzi1 and Wirya Azizi2* 1- Assistant Professor of History Department of Payame Noor University 2- M.A of Iran’s Islamic Era History of Payame Noor University Corresponding author: Wirya Azizi ABSTRACT: Following Abu Saeed Ilkhan’s death (from Mongol Empire), for half a century, Iranian lands were reigned by local rules. Finally, lately in the 8th century, Amir Timur thrived from Transoxiana in northeastern Iran, and gradually made obedient Iran and surrounding countries. However, in the Northwest of Iran, Turkmen tribes reigned but during the Timurid raids they had returned to obedience, and just as withdrawal of the Timurid troops, they were quickly back their former power. These clans and tribes sometimes were troublesome to the Ottoman Empires and Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. Due to the remoteness of these regions of Timurid Capital and, more importantly, lack of permanent government administrations and organizations of the Timurid capital, following Amir Timur’s death, because of dynastic struggles among his Sons and Grandsons, the Turkmens under these conditions were increasing their power and then they had challenged the Timurid princes. The most important goals of this study has focused on investigation of their relationships and struggles. How and why Timurid Empire has begun to combat against Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu Turkmens; what were the reasons for the failure of the Timurid deal with them, these are the questions that we try to find the answers in our study.
  • The Comparison of Sanai and Rumi's Outlooks Towards Women

    The Comparison of Sanai and Rumi's Outlooks Towards Women

    The Comparison of Sanai and Rumi's Outlooks Towards Women Abstract The position and prominence of women in any society is associated to the attitude of the time and individuals towards women. The place of women in Iranian society has always has been controversial. In the meantime, the works of poets can be a mirror for understanding the situation of women. By considering the fact that the worldview of every poet, writer, or thinker is influenced by the intellectual, social, and cultural memory of the time and place in which the person exists; Sanai and Rumi are prominent Iranian poets whose works reflect the political, social and cultural conditions of their life. The issue raised in this study is the transformation of the position of women in society during the time of the mentioned poets. This research is accomplished by a descriptive and analytical method and relies on library data. Findings show that from the Sanai to Rumi periods, a unique social and cultural change took place that led to the enhancement of the status of women and this has been effective in the depiction of women's personalities. Sanai has a mainly negative and critical view of women and rarely cares about her position as a mother and in the service of her religious attitude towards women; nonetheless, Rumi considers woman as a manifestation of divine beauty; furthermore, in Rumi's poetry, woman is the soul, earth, and essence, and she complements creation and this distinguishes the manner in which the female figure is depicted in the poetry of Sanai.
  • Bust of Persian Poet Rudaki Unveiled at Moscow University

    Bust of Persian Poet Rudaki Unveiled at Moscow University

    Prayer Times Noon:12:01 Evening: 17:14 Dawn: 5:39 (tomorrow) Sunrise: 7:09 (tomorrow) DECEMBER 19, 2019 ART&CULTURE I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y www.tehrantimes.com Managing Director: Mohammad Shojaeian Editor-in-Chief: Mohammad Ghaderi Editorial Dept.: Fax: (+98 21) 88808214 — 88808895 Bust of Persian poet Rudaki [email protected] Switchboard Operator: Tel: (+98 21) 43051000 Advertisements Dept.: Telefax: (+98 21) 43051450 Public Relations Office: Tel: (+98 21) 88805807 unveiled at Moscow university Subscription & Distribution Dept.: Tel: (+98 21) 43051603 www.eshterak.ir Distributor: Padideh Novin Co. CULTURE TEHRAN — A bust of Tel: 88911433 deskRudaki, who is considered Webmaster: [email protected] as the father of classical Persian poetry, has Printed at: Jame Jam Bartar Borna - 44197737 been unveiled at the Lomonosov Moscow State University in Russia. Tehrantimes79 Tehrantimesdaily The statue has been presented to the university by the Embassy of Iran, the Persian No. 18, Bimeh Alley, Nejatollahi St., Tehran, Iran P.o. Box: 14155-4843 service of IRNA reported on Tuesday. Zip Code: 1599814713 Lomonosov Moscow State University rector Victor Sadovnichy, Institute of Asian and African Studies acting director Igor I. Abylgaziyev, Iranian Ambassador Mehdi Sanai, some Tajik and Afghan diplomats and groups of students attended the unveiling ceremony. In his brief speech, Sadovnichy pointed to the close cultural ties between the Persian- speaking nations and the Russian people, and GUIDE TO stressed the need for the expansion of cultural SPIRITUAL AWAKENING and academic relations among the countries. He also expressed his thanks to the Being wealthy is a source of lustfulness.
  • Mīr ʿalīšīr Nawāʾī Akten Des Symposiums Aus Anlaß Des 560

    Mīr ʿalīšīr Nawāʾī Akten Des Symposiums Aus Anlaß Des 560

    Mīr ʿAlīšīr Nawāʾī Akten des Symposiums aus Anlaß des 560. Geburtstages und des 500. Jahres des Todes von Mīr ʿAlīšīr Nawāʾī am 23. April 2001 ISTANBULER TEXTE UND STUDIEN HERAUSGEGEBEN VOM ORIENT-INSTITUT ISTANBUL BAND 1 Mīr ʿAlīšīr Nawāʾī Akten des Symposiums aus Anlaß des 560. Geburtstages und des 500. Jahres des Todes von Mīr ʿAlīšīr Nawāʾī am 23. April 2001 herausgegeben von Kellner-Heinkele, Barbara Kleinmichel, Sigrid WÜRZBURG 2016 ERGON VERLAG WÜRZBURG IN KOMMISSION Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. ISBN 978-3-95650-175-3 ISSN 1863-9461 © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul (Max Weber Stiftung) Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung des Werkes außerhalb des Urheberrechtsgesetzes bedarf der Zustimmung des Orient-Instituts Istanbul. Dies gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen jeder Art, Übersetzungen, Mikro- verfilmung sowie für die Einspeicherung in elektronische Systeme. Gedruckt mit Unter- stützung des Orient-Instituts Istanbul, gegründet von der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, aus Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Bildung
  • Art Illustration of Khaghani and Sanai with Beloved Figure

    Art Illustration of Khaghani and Sanai with Beloved Figure

    Special Issue INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND March 2016 CULTURAL STUDIES ISSN 2356-5926 Art Illustration of Khaghani and Sanai with Beloved Figure Fazel Abbas Zadeh, Parisa Alizadeh1 1.Department of Persian Language and Literature, Parsabad Moghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parsabad Moghan, Iran Abstract In this paper, a beloved figure in the poetry of Khaghani and Sanai and art illustration of the beloved poet both studied and analyzed. Both Sanai with entering his poetic mysticism, poetry and pomp Khaghani a special place in Persian poetry and the tradition of its time focused on the issue of love and beloved. However, this possibility is the mystical dimension or later Ghanaian or other dimensions. The themes are discussed in this article, from the perspective of artistic imagery and imagery in describing the beloved and important way overnight. For each poetic images and titles to mention a poem by each poet control is sufficient. Finally, the author focuses on the overall analysis and the desired result is achieved. Keywords: beloved, Khaghani, Sanai, poetry, lyrics, imagery. http://www.ijhcs.com/index.php/ijhcs/index Page 2146 Special Issue INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND March 2016 CULTURAL STUDIES ISSN 2356-5926 Introduction: In Persian poetry lover and beloved literary tradition is one of the themes in literature, especially in Ghana and its lyric, there has been much attention and centuries, in every period of Persian poetry, there have been two specific attitudes towards it. In fact, the beloved main role is decisive and in other words, the circuit is of Iranian literature. Art imaging, the main focus centered and superficial beauty of the beloved, the imaginary form of the simile, metaphor, virtual instruments and diagnostics (animation); that is the beauty and wonders of nature poet pays to describe the beloved around.
  • ISLAMIC-MONUMENTS.Pdf

    ISLAMIC-MONUMENTS.Pdf

    1 The Masjid-i Jami of Herat, the city's first congregational mosque, was built on the site of two smaller Zoroastrian fire temples that were destroyed by earthquake and fire. A mosque construction was started by the Ghurid ruler Ghiyas ad-Din Ghori in 1200 (597 AH), and, after his death, the building was continued by his brother and successor Muhammad of Ghor. In 1221, Genghis Khan conquered the province, and along with much of Herat, the small building fell into ruin. It wasn't until after 1245, under Shams al-Din Kart that any rebuilding programs were undertaken, and construction on the mosque was not started until 1306. However, a devastating earthquake in 1364 left the building almost completely destroyed, although some attempt was made to rebuild it. After 1397, the Timurid rulers redirected Herat's growth towards the northern part of the city. This suburbanization and the building of a new congregational mosque in Gawhar Shad's Musalla marked the end of the Masjid Jami's patronage by a monarchy. 2 This mosque was constructed in 1888 and was the first mosque in any Australian capital city. It has four minarets which were built in 1903 for 150 pounds by local cameleers with some help from Islamic sponsors from Melbourne. Its founding members lie in the quiet part of the South West corner of the city. 3 The Cyprus Turkish Islamic Community of Victoria was established in Richmond, Clifton Hill, and was then relocated to Ballarat Road, Sunshine in 1985 The Sunshine Mosque is the biggest Mosque in Victoria, and has extended its services to cater for ladies, elderly and youth groups.
  • Rumi (A Semiotics Approach)

    Rumi (A Semiotics Approach)

    ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE STYLE IN POETRY "CINTA DALAM KEFANAAN" RUMI (A SEMIOTICS APPROACH) Fitriyah Fitriyah Dosen Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika Jalan Jl. Kramat Raya No.98, RT.2/RW.9, Kwitang, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat Sur-el: [email protected] Abstract :. The aim of this research is to analyze one of Rumi's poetries entitled "Cinta dalam Kefanaan" which was translated by Abdul Hadi. Poetry will be analyzed based on a semiotic approach, which is to determine the style of language used in Rumi's poetry, especially the language that shows symbols of love. The poetry "Cinta dalam Kefanaan" is one of Rumi's poetry filled with the language of love. Rumi was completely immersed in his newfound love. The result shows that Rumi used a symbolic and romantic image of the search for a lost beloved. Love is made aware of the presence of the Master. Rumi's life story shows us that the longing and emptiness we feel because of losing love is a reflection of a longing for God, who is ultimately a manifestation of compassion found in his own soul. Keywords: Poetry, Rumi, language style, semiotic Abstrak : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa salah satu puisi Rumi berjudul "Cinta dalam Kefanaan" yang diterjemahkan oleh Abdul Hadi. Puisi akan dianalisis berdasarkan pendekatan semiotik, yaitu untuk mengetahui gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam puisi Rumi, terutama bahasa yang menunjukkan simbol cinta. Puisi “Cinta dalam Kefanaan” adalah salah satu puisi Rumi yang diisi dengan bahasa cinta. Rumi benar-benar melebur dalam cinta yang baru ditemukan. Ini menunjukkan citra simbolis dan romantis tentang pencarian kekasih tercinta yang hilang.
  • Studies and Sources in Islamic Art and Architecture

    Studies and Sources in Islamic Art and Architecture

    STUDIES AND SOURCES IN ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHITECTURE SUPPLEMENTS TO MUQARNAS Sponsored by the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. VOLUME IX PREFACING THE IMAGE THE WRITING OF ART HISTORY IN SIXTEENTH-CENTURY IRAN BY DAVID J. ROXBURGH BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON • KÖLN 2001 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Roxburgh, David J. Prefacing the image : the writing of art history in sixteenth-century Iran / David J. Roxburgh. p. cm. — (Studies and sources in Islamic art and architecture. Supplements to Muqarnas, ISSN 0921 0326 ; v. 9) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9004113762 (alk. papier) 1. Art, Safavid—Historiography—Sources. 2. Art, Islamic—Iran– –Historiography—Sources. 3. Art criticism—Iran—History—Sources. I. Title. II. Series. N7283 .R69 2000 701’.18’095509024—dc21 00-062126 CIP Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Roxburgh, David J.: Prefacing the image : the writing of art history in sixteenth century Iran / by David J. Roxburgh. – Leiden; Boston; Köln : Brill, 2000 (Studies and sources in Islamic art and architectue; Vol 9) ISBN 90-04-11376-2 ISSN 0921-0326 ISBN 90 04 11376 2 © Copyright 2001 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers MA 01923, USA.